DOCSLIB.ORG

The Influence of Post-Settlement Mortality on Recruitment Patterns in a Soft-Bottom Habitat Introduction

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Influence of Post-Settlement Mortality on Recruitment Patterns in a Soft-Bottom Habitat Introduction W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1988 The Influence of ost-SettlementP Mortality on Recruitment Patterns in a Soft-Bottom Habitat Erick Christian Zobrist College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Zobrist, Erick Christian, "The Influence of ost-SettlementP Mortality on Recruitment Patterns in a Soft- Bottom Habitat" (1988). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539617590. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-4mj3-7158 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. > jo r THE INFLUENCE OF POST-SETTLEMENT MORTALITY ON RECRUITMENT PATTERNS IN A SOFT-BOTTOM HABITAT A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillm ent of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Erik Christian Zobrist 1988 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Approved, May 1988 e r f ZJ maz//Ph.D. ommi ttee^Chai rn&n/Advi sor Mark W. Luckenbach, Ph.D. g o Roger 2 . Mann, Ph.D. yet . Ernest Warinner I I I , M.A. L. Donelson Wriglft, Ph.D. DEDICATION To my parents, B.K. and Donna Mae. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................... , v LIST OF TABLES.................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES..............................................................................................................v ii ABSTRACT.............................................................................................................................ix INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................... 2 METHODS. ...................................................................................... 7 RESULTS.................................................................................................................................13 DISCUSSION........................................................................................................................ 60 APPENDIX I ........................................................................................................................ 66 APPENDIX I I .......................................................................................... 69 LITERATURE CITED ........................................................................................................72 VITA ....................................................................................................... 78 i v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my gratitude to a ll those who helped make this thesis a re a lity . My major professor, Robert Diaz, provided support throughout the course of this study. I am also grateful to all members of my thesis committee fo r th e ir review of th is thesis as well as th e ir patience and encouragement. I am most indebted to Dr. Mark Luckenbach whose contagious zest for science allowed me to tap previously unknown sources of strength. Diane Walker proof read sections of the manuscript. Keturah Johnson provided valuable guidance on graphics and p a tie n tly assembled many of them. I would lik e to thank the following fo r th e ir generous assistance in the field: Betty Bieri, Jean Fulton, Doug Huggett, Cindy Hutton, Eric Koepfler, George LaPoint, Roberto Llanso, Bob McCormack, Brian Meehan, Chip Neikirk, Willy Reay, Dave Stilwell, Sandra Thornton, and Zaki. Thanks to the graduate students in the Benthic Gang; especially my good friend Doug Huggett who I could "talk baseball" with when things got rough. Special thanks to K itty who constantly supported me and helped me -realize that were only human after all. This work was funded in part by a minor research grant to me from the V irg in ia In s titu te of Marine Science, School of Marine Science of the College of William and Mary. v LIST OF TABLES Table Page 2 1. Date, sediment parameters and X Log-1ikelihood ra tio for each station in transect (df=4; *, significant at a<.05; NS, not significant at a>.05) .............................................................14 2. Total abundance and number of species fo r major taxa collected in study ....................................................................................18 3. Abundance, to ta l and by sieve, of eleven dominants collected in the study. Asterisk indicates species with pelagic larvae. Taxon code: B-Bivalve, C-Cumacean, 0-01igochaete, P-Polychaete .................................................. 19 4. Results of a posteriori m ultiple comparisons of animal abundances between stations. Stations are listed in order of increasing mean rank abundance for each taxon. Stations not s ig n ific a n tly d iffe re n t at a<0.05 are underlined. Sample size (N) and probabilities listed are for a priori Kruskal-Wall is test. NS = no significant differences among stations detected by a priori testing ..................................... 25 vi LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1. Location of sample stations and bottom morphology of the study site in the York River, V irginia (adapted from Wright et al., 1987) ....................................................................................................8 2. Bottom temperature (C°) and s a lin ity (ppt) mean and range fo r each sampling da t e ........................................................ 15 3. Asabel1 ides oculata. Weekly abundance (mean + 95% confidence interval) of recently-settled juveniles (125 urn s ie v e ) .............................................................................................................. 21 4. Asabel1 ides oculata. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 urn) bystation through t im e .......................................23 5. Streblospio benedicti. Weekly abundance (mean + 95% confidence interval) of recently-settled juveniles (125 urn s ie v e ) .............................................................................................................. 29 6. Streblospio benedicti. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 urn) by station through time ................. .... 31 7. Eteone heteropoda. Weekly abundance (mean + 95% confidence interval) of recently-settled juveniles (125 urn s ie v e ) .................................................................................................. 33 8. Eteone heteropoda. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 urn) by station through t im e .......................... 35 9. Leitoscoloplos f r a o ilis . Weekly abundance (mean + 95% confidence interval) of recently-settled juveniles (125 urn s ie v e ) ..............................................................................................................38 10. Leitoscoloplos f r a g ilis . Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 urn) by station through t im e ..................................... 40 11. Mediomastus amibiseta. Weekly abundance (mean + 95% confidence interval) of recently-settled juveniles (125 urn s ie v e ) .............................................................................................................. 42 12. Mediomastus ambiseta. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 urn) by station through t im e ..................................... 44 vi i LIST OF FIGURES (continued) Figure Page 13. G1vcinde s o lita r ia . Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 um) by station through t im e ........................ 47 14. Polvdora cornuta. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250, 125 um) by station through t im e .................................... 49 15. Mulinia 1a te ra lis . Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250 um) by station through tim e .................................................51 16. Paranais 1it t o r a lis . Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250 um) by station through t im e .................................................54 17. Tubificoides spp. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250 um) by station through tim e .................................................56 18. Leucon americanus. Mean abundance on each sieve size (500, 250 um) by station through time. ............................58 vi i i ABSTRACT Distributional patterns of recruiting benthic invertebrates can be determined not only by patterns of settlement but also by early post­ settlement m ortality. The re la tive importance of these two processes on early population dynamics necessitates an appropriate sampling scheme. Weekly samples were taken across a depth/sediment gradient (3, 6, 9, 12, 18 meters; 75% to 5 % sand) in the York River, Virginia, U.S.A. during spring, 1985. Sediment grain size and adult communities change along th is gradient. A small-mesh sieve (125 um) was used to capture the smallest macrofauna juveniles and aid in distinguishing between settlement and early post-settlement mortality of recruits. These data reveal species-specific patterns of settlement and of early post­ settlement mortality in determining
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Benthic Macroinvertebrate Sampling
    Benthic Macroinvertebrate Sampling Norton Basin, Little Bay, Grass Hassock Channel, and the Raunt Submitted to: The Port Authority of New York and New Jersey New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Submitted by: Barry A. Vittor & Associates, Inc. Kingston, NY February 2003 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................1 2.0 STUDY AREA......................................................................................................3 2.1 Norton Basin........................................................................................................ 3 2.2 Little Bay ............................................................................................................. 3 2.3 Reference Areas.................................................................................................... 3 2.3.1 The Raunt .................................................................................................... 3 2.3.2 Grass Hassock Channel ............................................................................... 4 3.0 METHODS..........................................................................................................4 3.1 Benthic Grab Sampling......................................................................................... 4 4.0 RESULTS.............................................................................................................7 4.1 Benthic Macroinvertebrates................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • FAU Institutional Repository
    FAU Institutional Repository http://purl.fcla.edu/fau/fauir This paper was submitted by the faculty of FAU’s Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute. Notice: ©1980 Springer. This manuscript is an author version with the final publication available at http://www.springerlink.com and may be cited as: Eckelbarger, K. J. (1980). An ultrastructural study of oogenesis in Streblospio benedicti (Spionidae), with remarks on diversity of vitellogenic mechanisms in Polychaeta. Zoomorphologie, 94(3), 241‐263. doi:10.1007/BF00998204 euLO ~ \ Zoomorphologie 94,241 -263 (1980) Zoomorphologie © by Springer-Verlag 1980 An Ultrastructural Study of Oogenesis in Streblospio benedicti (Spionidae) , with Remarks on Diversity of Vitellogenic Mechanisms in Polychaeta Kevin J. Eckelbarger* Harbor Branch Foundation, Inc.,RR I, Boxl96,Fort Pierce, Fla. 33450, USA . Summary. The ultrastructural features of oogenesis were examined in the spionid polychaete Streblospio benedicti. Paired ovaries are attached to the genital blood vessels extending into the coe lomic space from the circumintes­ tinal sinus. The genital blood vessel wall is composed of flattened, peritoneal cells, large follicle cells and developing oocytes. Vitellogenesis occurs while the oocytes are attached to the blood vessel wall. Two morphologically distinguishable types of yolk are synthesized. Type I is synthesized first by an autosynthetic process apparently involving pinocytosis and the conjoined efforts of the Golgi complex and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Type II yolk appears later through a heterosynthetic process involving the infolding of the oolemma and the sequestering of materials from the blood vessel lumen by endocytosis. During this process, blood pigment molecules appear to be incorporated into endocytotic pits, vesicles and eventually the forming yolk body.
    [Show full text]
  • The Genome of the Poecilogonous Annelid Streblospio Benedicti Christina Zakas1, Nathan D
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.15.440069; this version posted April 16, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. The genome of the poecilogonous annelid Streblospio benedicti Christina Zakas1, Nathan D. Harry1, Elizabeth H. Scholl2 and Matthew V. Rockman3 1Department of Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 2Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA 3Department of Biology and Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA [email protected] [email protected] Abstract Streblospio benedicti is a common marine annelid that has become an important model for developmental evolution. It is the only known example of poecilogony, where two distinct developmental modes occur within a single species, that is due to a heritable difference in egg size. The dimorphic developmental programs and life-histories exhibited in this species depend on differences within the genome, making it an optimal model for understanding the genomic basis of developmental divergence. Studies using S. benedicti have begun to uncover the genetic and genomic principles that underlie developmental uncoupling, but until now they have been limited by the lack of availability of genomic tools. Here we present an annotated chromosomal-level genome assembly of S. benedicti generated from a combination of Illumina reads, Nanopore long reads, Chicago and Hi-C chromatin interaction sequencing, and a genetic map from experimental crosses. At 701.4 Mb, the S. benedicti genome is the largest annelid genome to date that has been assembled to chromosomal scaffolds, yet it does not show evidence of extensive gene family expansion, but rather longer intergenic regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Population Dynamics and Production of Streblospio Benedicti (Polychaeta) in a Non-Polluted Estuary on the Basque Coast (Gulf of Biscay)*
    SCI. MAR., 68 (2): 193-203 SCIENTIA MARINA 2004 Population dynamics and production of Streblospio benedicti (Polychaeta) in a non-polluted estuary on the Basque coast (Gulf of Biscay)* LORETO GARCÍA-ARBERAS and ANA RALLO Dept. of Zoology, University of the Basque Country. P.O. Box 644. E-48080 Bilbap, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] SUMMARY: Population dynamics and production of a population of Streblospio benedicti from the Gernika estuary (Basque coast, Gulf of Biscay) were studied monthly for one year, from May 1991 to May 1992. S. benedicti was present in the muddy sand community of Gernika throughout the period of study except in March, when it all but disappeared. Con- tinuous recruitment was observed throughout the year, even though it was stronger in autumn. Abundance fluctuations were principally due to the incorporation of recruits and so the highest density in Gernika was recorded in autumn, and the low- est in spring, with an annual mean of 6346 ± 4582 ind m-2. The same pattern of seasonal variation was shown in biomass: the annual mean biomass of S. benedicti in Gernika was estimated at 0.80 ± 0.54 g dry weight m-2. Secondary production was 3.57 g dry weight m-2 year, giving a P/B ratio of 4.46. S. benedicti in Gernika behaved similarly to those described for Mediterranean Streblospio populations as regards practically continuous recruitment, but the number of individuals and the annual average density were considerably lower on the Basque coast. Key words: Streblospio benedicti, Polychaeta, population dynamics, production, estuary, Gulf of Biscay.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence for Poecilogony in Pygospio Elegans (Polychaeta: Spionidae)
    MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published March 17 Mar Ecol Prog Ser Evidence for poecilogony in Pygospio elegans (Polychaeta: Spionidae) Torin S. organ'^^^*, Alex D. ~ogers~.~,Gordon L. J. Paterson', Lawrence E. ~awkins~,Martin sheader3 'Department of Zoology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road. London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom 'Biodiversity and Ecology Division. School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Bassett Crescent East, Southampton S016 7PX. United Kingdom 3School of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton S014 3ZH, United Kingdom ABSTRACT: The spionid polychaete Pygospio elegans displays more than one developmental mode. Larvae may develop directly, ingesting nurse eggs while brooded in capsules within the parental tube. or they may hatch early to feed in the plankton before settling. Asexual reproduction by architomic fragmentation also occurs. Geographically separated populations of P. elegans often display different life histories. Such a variable life history within a single species may be interpreted either as evidence of sibling speciation or of reproductive flexibility (poecilogony). Four populations from the English Channel were found to demonstrate differing life histories and were examined for morphological and genetic variability to determine whether P, elegans is in fact a cryptic species complex. Significant but minor inter-population polymorphisms were found in the distribution of branchiae and the extent of spoonlike hooded hooks. These externally polymorphic characters did not vary with relation to life his- tory, and variation fell within the reported range for this species. Cellulose acetate electrophoresis was used to examine 10 allozyrne loci, 5 of which were polymorphic. Overall, observed heterozygosity (H, = 0.161) was lower than that expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (H,= 0.228).
    [Show full text]
  • Effects of Pumped Flows Into Rincon Bayou on Water Quality and Benthic Macrofauna Coastal Bend Bays & Estuaries Program
    Effects of Pumped Flows into Rincon Bayou on Water Quality and Benthic Macrofauna Final Report CBBEP Publication - 101 Project Number –1417 August 2015 Prepared by: Dr. Paul A. Montagna, Principal Investigator Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi 6300 Ocean Dr., Unit 5869 Corpus Christi, Texas 78412 Phone: 361-825-2040 Email: [email protected] Submitted to: Coastal Bend Bays & Estuaries Program 615 N. Upper Broadway, Suite 1200 Corpus Christi, TX 78401 The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of CBBEP or other organizations that may have provided funding for this project. Effects of Pumped Flows into Rincon Bayou on Water Quality and Benthic Macrofauna Principal Investigator: Dr. Paul A. Montagna Co-Authors: Leslie Adams, Crystal Chaloupka, Elizabeth DelRosario, Amanda Gordon, Meredyth Herdener, Richard D. Kalke, Terry A. Palmer, and Evan L. Turner Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies Texas A&M University - Corpus Christi 6300 Ocean Drive, Unit 5869 Corpus Christi, Texas 78412 Phone: 361-825-2040 Email: [email protected] Final report submitted to: Coastal Bend Bays & Estuaries Program, Inc. 615 N. Upper Broadway, Suite 1200 Corpus Christi, TX 78401 CBBEP Project Number 1417 August 2015 Cite as: Montagna, P.A., L. Adams, C. Chaloupka, E. DelRosario, A. Gordon, M. Herdener, R.D. Kalke, T.A. Palmer, and E.L. Turner. 2015. Effects of Pumped Flows into Rincon Bayou on Water Quality and Benthic Macrofauna. Final Report to the Coastal Bend Bays & Estuaries Program for Project # 1417. Harte Research Institute, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, Texas, 46 pp.
    [Show full text]
  • (Annelida) from Soft Bottoms at Playa Dorada, Orinoco River, Venezuela
    Polychaetes (Annelida) from soft bottoms at Playa Dorada, Orinoco river, Venezuela 1 2* 2 MARÍA ALEJANDRA BALZA OSCAR DÍAZ DÍAZ & BRIGHTDOOM MÁRQUEZ 1 Universidad de Oriente, Esc. Ciencias, Dpto. Biología, Núcleo de Sucre, Venezuela. 2 Universidad de Oriente, Instituto Oceanográfico de Venezuela, Dpto. Biología Marina, Venezuela. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract. A total of 582 polychaete specimens were collected at the Playa Dorada station, Manamo creek, Orinoco River. Six species were identified from the material collected, three of which are new records for Venezuela: Eteone heteropoda (Phyllodocidae), Nephtys bucera (Nephtyidae) and Streblospio benedicti (Spionidae). Key words: biodiversity, fresh water fauna, estuarine fauna, polychaetes Resumen. Poliquetos (Annelida) de fondos blandos de Playa Dorada, río Orinoco, Venezuela. Se recolectaron 582 ejemplares de poliquetos en la estación Playa Dorada de caño Manamo en el río Orinoco. Se identificaron seis especies, tres de las cuales se citan por primera vez para Venezuela: Eteone heteropoda (Phyllodocidae), Nephtys bucera (Nephtyidae), Streblospio benedicti (Spionidae). Palabras claves: biodiversidad, fauna dulceacuícola, fauna estuarina, poliquetos Introduction Materials and methods The Orinoco Delta is composed of numerous Specimens were collected between January streams, creeks, distributary rivers, islands and 2011 and February 2012 from shallow waters (2-10 marshes. This region, of significant ecological value, m deep) at Playa Dorada, Manamo creek covers an extensive area (22,000 km2) but has been (09⁰04'35.3''N-62⁰05'03.9''W), approximately 125 very poorly studied, especially with regard to km from the sea, using a 0.09 m2 drag-type Beam aquatic invertebrates (Liñero-Arana et al. 2010). The Trawl, with 1 mm mesh.
    [Show full text]
  • Dimorphic Development in Streblospio Benedicti: Genetic Analysis of Morphological Differences Between Larval Types CHRISTINA ZAKAS and MATTHEW V
    Int. J. Dev. Biol. 58: 593-599 (2014) doi: 10.1387/ijdb.140088mr www.intjdevbiol.com Dimorphic development in Streblospio benedicti: genetic analysis of morphological differences between larval types CHRISTINA ZAKAS and MATTHEW V. ROCKMAN* Department of Biology and Center for Genomics & Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, USA ABSTRACT The marine polychaete Streblospio benedicti exhibits two distinct larval types, making it a model for the study of developmental evolution. Females produce either large eggs or small ones, which develop into distinct lecithotrophic or planktotrophic larvae with concomitant morpho- logical and life-history differences. Here, we investigate the inheritance of key morphological traits that distinguish the larval types. We used genetic crosses to establish the influence of maternal and zygotic differences on larval phenotypes. We found a large maternal effect on larval size and the number of larval chaetae, while the number and length of these chaetae were also strongly influenced by zygotic genotype. Interestingly, the distribution of larval phenotypes produced by these crosses suggests traits intermediate to the two parental types should not be uncommon. Yet, despite gene flow between the types in natural populations, such intermediates are rarely found in nature, suggesting that selection may be maintaining distinct larval modes. KEY WORDS: Streblospio benedicti, poecilogony, quantitative genetics, life-history evolution Introduction The phenomenon of poecilogony, whereby a single species produces distinct types of embryos and thus two distinct life-history The evolution of development couples molecular and cytological strategies, offers a route toward answering these questions (Knott processes with ecological and population-genetic phenomena such and McHugh, 2012).
    [Show full text]
  • Benthic Invertebrates Benthic
    Baseline Assessment Program: 2010-2011 Report 2010-2011 Program: Assessment Baseline BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES BENTHIC E. Tuttle Photo credit: CHAPTER 9: BENTHIC INVERTEBRATES Ballona Wetlands Ecological Reserve, Los Angeles, California Santa Monica Bay Restoration Commission Prepared for: California State Coastal Conservancy June 2012 Authors: Elena Del Giudice-Tuttle, Karina Johnston, Charles Piechowski, and Ivan Medel TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................................................9-1 METHODS – INFAUNA .....................................................................................................................9-1 Site Locations and Times ............................................................................................................... 9-1 Field Methods ........................................................................................................................... 9-3 Laboratory and Analysis Methods ............................................................................................ 9-3 METHODS – EPIFAUNA ....................................................................................................................9-4 Laboratory and Analysis Methods ............................................................................................ 9-4 RESULTS .........................................................................................................................................9-4 Infauna Results
    [Show full text]
  • Reproductive Isolation in the <I>Polydora Ligni</I>
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 48(2): 432-447. 1991 REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION IN THE POLYDORA LIGNI COMPLEX AND THE STREBLOSPIO BENEDICTI COMPLEX (POL YCHAETA: SPIONIDAE) Stanley A. Rice ABSTRACT Results of experimental crosses between individuals from geographically separated pop- ulations indicate that Tampa Bay Po/ydora /igni are reproductively isolated from their North Carolina and Los Angeles morphological counterparts. The North Carolina and Los Angeles populations of P. /igni are interfertile. The Tampa Bay population of Streb/ospio benedicti is likewise reproductively isolated from the planktotrophic North Carolina population. In both genera, experimental crosses were conducted in the laboratory using individual worms that had been raised in isolation prior to the experimental cross. Female worms from unsuccessful interpopulation crosses were back-crossed to intrapopulation males to ensure female fertility. Inter- and intra population crosses in P. /igni were accomplished via artificial transfer of spermatophores from an isolated male to an isolated female. In Streb/ospio crosses, males and females from appropriate populations were placed together and monitored daily for reproductive activity. The presence of spermatophores with active sperm in Streb/ospio cultures was taken to indicate male fertility. In the P. /igni complex, reproductive breakdown appears to occur at the sperm transfer stage. In interpopulation crosses, females accept sper- matophores from exotic males but the sperm fail to accumulate in the sperm storage organs ofthe female. In the S. benedicti complex, the breakdown is also at the sperm transfer stage. Males produce spermatophores in the presence (or absence) of exotic females but no viable larvae are produced from these crosses. Intrapopulational crosses in both genera are routinely successful.
    [Show full text]
  • Sediment-Associated Cues for Larval Settlement of Polydora Cornuta and Streblospio Benedicti (Polychaeta, Spionidae)
    Sediment-associated cues for larval settlement of Polydora cornuta and Streblospio benedicti (Polychaeta, Spionidae) Sediment-assoziierte Signale für die larvale Ansiedlung von Polydora cornuta und Streblospio benedicti (Polychaeta, Spionidae) Von der Fakultät für Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg zur Erlangung des Grades und Titels einer Doktorin der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) angenommene Dissertation von Frau Zita Sebesvári geboren am 09.01.1974 in Kecskemét, Ungarn Gutachter: Junior Prof. Dr. Tilmann Harder Zweitgutachter: Prof. Dr. Karsten Reise Tag der Disputation: 31. Januar 2007 The most exciting phrase to hear in science, the one that heralds new discoveries, is not “Eureka!” but “That’s funny... ” Isaac Asimov ERKLÄRUNG ERKLÄRUNG VERÖFFENTLICHUNGEN ERKLÄRUNG Teilergebnisse dieser Arbeit sind als Beitrage in Fachzeitschriften erschienen (Kapitel 3), als Manuskript eingereicht worden (Kapitel 4) oder in der Diplomarbeit von Justus Lodemann verwendet worden (Teile von Kapitel 3). Mein Beitrag an der Erstellung der Arbeiten wird im Folgenden erläutert: SEBESVARI, Z., ESSER, F. , NEUMANN R., SCHULTE, A., BRINKHOFF, T., HARDER, T. Monospecies bacterial films on sediment induce larval settlement of the infaunal spionid polychaetes Polydora cornuta and Streblospio benedicti. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. Submitted. Entwicklung des multiple-choice Testverfahrens durch Z. S.; Hälterung der Polychaeten durch Z. S. und F. E.; Isolierung der Bakterien durch A. S. und Z. S.; Durchführung der Siedlungstests durch Z. S. und R. N.; Bereitstellung ein Teil der Bakterien und phylogenetische Analysen durch T. B.; Erstellung des Manuskriptes durch Z. S. SEBESVARI, Z., ESSER, F. , HARDER, T. 2006. Sediment-associated cues for larval settlement of the inbenthic spionid polychaetes Polydora cornuta and Streblospio benedicti.
    [Show full text]
  • Poecilogony As a Reproductive Strategy of Marine Invertebrates
    OCEANOLOGICA ACTA- VOL. 19- No 3-4 ~ -----~- Poecilogony Poecilogony as a reproductive Marine invertebrate Reproductive strate gy strate gy of marine invertebrates Poécilogonie Invertébré marin Stratégie de reproduction Fu-Shiang CHIA, Glenys GIBSON a and Pei-Yuan QIAN Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kow­ loon, Hong Kong. a Marine Research Group, Scripps Institute of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA. 92093-0218 USA. Received 12/04/95, in revised forrn 07/02/96, accepted 13/02/96. ABSTRACT Poecilogony is a polymorphism of sexual development in sorne marine inverte­ brates, in which both feeding and non-feeding or planktonic and benthic larvae are produced. Since the original report on poecilogony by Gaird in 1905, a good number of such species have been recognized. Upon close examination, howe­ ver, Hoagland and Roberston ( 1988) have found that almost ali the 64 species reported to be poecilogonous are in fact a result of miss-identification of species or due to laboratory disturbance. To be a poecilogonous species, a different mode of development bas to be found from sibling offspring of a single female, or from different individuals of a single biological species, and the different modes of development cannot be altered by disturbance in laboratory handling. This being the case, there are only a few known species which are poecilogonous. As a reproductive strategy poecilogony appears to have the advantages of both the commonly recognized patterns of development, short planktonic or benthic development (without planktonic larvae) and long planktonic development (broadcaster, with planktonic larvae). The former allows immediate recruitment to the parental habitats for fast population growth and the latter provides sorne degree of dispersal and gene flow.
    [Show full text]