Issues in Communication Planning for Hawaii
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DOCUMENT RESUME ED 109 717 CS 501 087 AUTHOR Barber, Richard J.; And 4Dthers TITLE Issues in CoMmunicationPlanning for Hawaii. INSTITUTION Hawaii Research Center for FuturesStudy, Honolulu. PUB DATE 75 NOTE 56p. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC-$3.32 PLUS POSTAGE Delivery DESCRIPTORS *Communications; Communication Satellites; Systems; InformationNetwoika; *Mass Media; Newspapers; Periodicals; RadiO;*Statewide Planning; Telecommunication; Telephone CommunicatonsIndustry; Television IDENTIFIERS *Hawaii ABSTRACT Focusing on the resources necessary to serveHawaii's present and futurecommunication needs, this paper considersboth the problems and the possibilities forcommunications developments during the next 50 years. Specifictopics covered in the paper include communication needs, resources andtechnology (telephone, radio, television, newspapers, periodicals,postal service, telegraph), policy (state, interisland,long distance, intercultural,research), and planning issues. A bibliographylists both specific andgeneral references. (JM) c. *********************************************************************** Documents acquired by ERICinclude many informal unpublished effort * * materials not availablefrom other sources. ERIC makes every marginal * * 'to ,obtain the best copyavailable. nevertheless, items of quality * * reproducibility are.oftenencountered and this affects the of,the microfiche and hardcopyreproductions ERIC makes available * Reproduction Service (EDPS). EDRSis not * via-the ERIC Document Reproductions * * responsible for thequality of the original document. * supplied by EDRS arethe-beat that can be made from theoriginal. *********************************************************************** U S DEPARTMENT OF NEVI TN EDUCATION & WELFARE NTIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATiON .VFN' , AI r'F',C^Ninr? ^u.Ak1 AN 'N., Dr, Yr,' ..r r4f rqt ISSUES INCOMMUNICATION PLANNING FOR HAWAII Richard J. Rafbcr Donald J. Gracc L. S. Harms inn Richstad c Ati OCCASION:\ I PAPFR OF !IIIIIA1t All RI SI \RCM ( IA II R IOR ItI ('RI'S STUDY IRA01 t197 PERMISSION TO PEPPODuCE-THIS COPY FEK,NTED MATE RIAL HAS BEEN CHANTED BY Hawaii Research Center for Futures Study TOE {IR AND ONOANWATioNL, OPEFLATINCL LLNI-LER ALLHEI ME Nis, WITH THE NATIONAL IN ',Mutt OF EOU( A TiON FORTHEN HEPPE, HAWAII DUB DON ut.ITYCrfTHE ERIE NY STEM RE ISSUES IN COMMUNICATION PLANNING FOR QUIPt S, PE RMINY,IoN If THE LOPYPIE,HT oLNNE An Occasional Paper of theHawaii Research Center for Futures Study, Social Sciences andLinguistic Institute, University of Hawaii, 2424 Maile Way11704, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Copyright 0 1975 by the Hawaii ResearchCenter for Futures Study. Produced with the assistance of agrant from the Hawaii Bicentennial Commission,Horizons Committee Biographical Notes: Richard J. Barber is the ActingDiector of the Hawaii Research Center for Futures Study andthe Assistant to the Director of theSocial Sciences and Linguistics institute, University of Hawaii. Donald J. Grace, Director ofthe Center for Engineering Research, College of Engineering,University of Hawaii, was instrumental in thedevelopment of a two-way, four- channel television teaching systemfor Stanford University, California. L. S. Harms, Professor ofCommunication, University of Hawaii, is currently involved in along range project on the development of world communicationrights. Jim Richstad, Pssociate Researcherwith the East-West Communication Institute, Honolulu,Hawaii, currently serves as ':xecutiveDirector to the Honolulu Community-edin Council. 3 PHI 'ACE Communication Planning for Hawaii is aproject of the Hawaii Research Center forFutures Study supported by the Horizons Committee ofthe Hawaii Bicentennial Commission. Related activity will continueduring 1975 and 1976 through a series ofpublic discussions on the issues raised in and developed fromthis document. While the responsibility forthis paper is shared by only a few persons, valuableinput over the past. year has been made by anumber of individuals. Through the Hawaii Research Centerfor Futures Study and its parent organization the SocialSciences and Linguistics Institute of the University ofHawaii, related discussions have been held regardingcommunication/transportation tradeoffs, experiments in the useof two-way cable television, and comm'Unication policyquestions. Thanks are due to Anson Chong,Horizons Committee Chairperson, and to David Holtand Mike Kilinski, WICHE interns with the BicentennialHorizons Committee. A special note of thanks shouldalso go to Kathleen. Ayumi Kie for herdedicated work as researcher' and manuscript typist. Copies of the first draft ofthis paper were sent for comment to the following persons: Norman Abramson, Professor ofElectrical. Enz-ineering, University of Hawaii Karen Ah Mai, Research Associate,ALOHA System, University of Hawaii Lawrence S. L3erger, President,KHVH Kennetn Brown, formerHawaii State Senator John Bystrom, Director, PEACESAT,University of Hawaii George Chaplin, Editor-in-Chief,Honolulu Advertiser Anson Chong, Hawaii State Senator andChairman of Bicentennial Horizons Committee Godwin Onu, Researcher, East-WestCommunication Tnstitute James A. Dator, Professor ofPolitical Science, University of Hawaii Hobert EnFlebardt, SorviceDirector, Hawaiian Telephone Company Edward r]reaney, ProdsSecretary, Office of the Governor, State of Hawaii Dick Grimm, General IlanaFer,KITV Janet iiarada, Citizens for CommunityCable Stanley Harter, CommunicationOfficer, State of Hawaii ',ieorre , cience, r Aivisory Council on tne Internatio.lal :ei,tions or the Univrsityof Hawaii hider° Dir(,cT.or, A 7.11 'tat , Department of Planning and F.conorj,:ievelop;1-nt Ja iesL. 1,Q0"11.3, trctor, ffice (DI' Information and Complaint, AI,y and County of Honolulu ,Ts Th,26dore irrill, resident, Statewide Telephone Users Com::ittee Wayne State Department of Per7ulatory Agencies :red :lorris, Jr., President, Tele-Sciences Corporation Washinrton, dosco Nedelcovic, President, Basic Ivelihood Corporation Glenn Paige, Political Scientist, ;:ocialSciences and Linguistic, institute, University of Hawaii Costakis Papacc,tas, Assistant Professorof Civil riivers_Ity of Hawaii Sy-d A. ahl:1, .2.,care-nAssociate, Fast-WestCommunication Institut- Don Hi6b,Iariaer, rHFL fitdio .;11Lar Scuram.,1, 7ast-West Communication Institute A. Am",-,r, Honolulu Star-Bulletin Lloyd Sommeriad, Cnif, Division ofCommunication . Pesearch and. Folicies, 1:1ESCO, Paris Patric.: Takahashi, i'ssistant r'rofessor-of Civil Engineering, University of Hawil Donald .-Dpping, Director, ::nci-d Sciences andLinguistics Institute, University of Hawaii Lewis Walkup, Scientist Sin ;edemeyer, qrauate Sthdent, AnnenbergSchool of ';ommlnications, jniversity of SouthernCalifornia Yamaia, :.structor, 5p,2ecn-Comr.lunIcation,Leeward co=unity olltnt ThL draft 571h-r was.iscussed at a meeting of the Advisory -ohn..:1, on the !nternationalRelations of the TIniverolti and at an !:]ectrical Pni;ineeringSeminar. the several do7,0n persons in those groups to usIn our revion process. tre e, ,-Ialiy gra,,e'ul for the extensivecomments reet2ived fro, 1,obe-, Hn;,ler, fl-inberg, Fred Morris, Jr., to Dan ,1(,:(:wyer. CONTENTS INTRODUCTION Problems and Possibilities in Hawaii 1 Communication as a Planned Resource 3 The Key Question 3 COMMUNICATION NEEDS Human Needs -5 Communication Needs 6 Present Practices 8 Areas of Communication Needs 10' COMMUNICATION RESOURCES AND COMMUNICATIONSTECHNOLOGY Classes of Communication 13 Historical Overview 14 Telephone Service in Hawaii 16 Broadcast Radio and Television 20 Cable Television 21 Newspapers and Periodicals 22 r, Postal Service 22 Telegraph Service 23 Other Communications Media 23 Wired City 24 Home Information Center 25 Technology Research. , 26 Applications Research 28 COMMUNICATION POLICY Policy in the CommuniCation Era 29 Shaping Policy for Hawaii 31 Inter-Island Communication 32 Distant Commuriication 34 Intercultural Communication '35 Discussion and Research Questions 36 Policy Development in Hawaii 39 COMMUNICATION PLANNING ISSUES Specific Issues 43 Anticipatory Democracy 45 BIBLIOGRAPHY Specifi ',uferencos 46 General :sources 49 iii IN by design, tnis paper onIssues in Communication Planning for is "in process." Its purpose is to continue tee effort in "anticipatorydemocrdcy" begun oy the Conference onHawaii 2000 with a special focus on communication planning. This paper,and.the series of public discussions now underwayis supported by the ::orizons Committee of the HawaiiBicentennial Commission. The discussion is focussedon the communication resources necessary to servethe communication needs of everyone--present and future--in Hawaii. A communication ccference to summarize thediscussion and propose recommendations is planned for spring1976. Lt that time, it should se possible tocomplete these first steps toward what we hope will be aContinuing citizen input into the long- range planning process.' Throughout the discussion inthis paper an attempt will be made to identify and/ordefine the communication policy, services, operationalrequirements arid facilities to Jupport tne communicationneeds developed. Oftentimes communication needs andtelecommunications operational requirements become so intertwined asto cause confusion. confusion can lead tomisunderstandings between the jfJcial science planner and the"hard" science technologist/ planner as tney strive to defineissues and evolve policy recommendations. Problems and Possibilities inHawaii Can those of us who live inHawaii plan our futures? ire but a smallpart of the world, about 6,425