Contemporary Software News, Summer 1989
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The Origins of the Underline As Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: a Case Study in Skeuomorphism
The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Romano, John J. 2016. The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism. Master's thesis, Harvard Extension School. Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:33797379 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA The Origins of the Underline as Visual Representation of the Hyperlink on the Web: A Case Study in Skeuomorphism John J Romano A Thesis in the Field of Visual Arts for the Degree of Master of Liberal Arts in Extension Studies Harvard University November 2016 Abstract This thesis investigates the process by which the underline came to be used as the default signifier of hyperlinks on the World Wide Web. Created in 1990 by Tim Berners- Lee, the web quickly became the most used hypertext system in the world, and most browsers default to indicating hyperlinks with an underline. To answer the question of why the underline was chosen over competing demarcation techniques, the thesis applies the methods of history of technology and sociology of technology. Before the invention of the web, the underline–also known as the vinculum–was used in many contexts in writing systems; collecting entities together to form a whole and ascribing additional meaning to the content. -
Reported Tor the Same Quarter Last Year. Revenues Tor the Quarter
ASHTON-TATE REPORTS 22.1 PERCENT INCREASE IN EARNINGS AND 20.2 PERCENT INCREASE IN SALES FOR FIRST QUARTER TORRANCE, Calit., May 17, 1988 -- Ashton-Tate Corporation (NASDAQ: TATE) today reported net income ot $11.1 million ($.43 per share) tor the. quarter ended April 30, 1988, a 22.1 percent increase over net income ot $9.09 million ($.36 per share) reported tor the same quarter last year. Revenues tor the quarter were $72.4 million, a 20.2 percent increase over the $60.21 million reported tor the tirst quarter last year. "Sales of dBASB III PLUS, MultiMateAdvantage II and FullWrite protessional, our recently shipped Macintosh word processing product, contributed to our first quarter sales and earnings,. said Bdward M. Bsber Jr., chairman and chiet executive officer of A8bton-Tate. "This was one of our most active quarters in terms of new product announcements. In addition to announcing dBASB IV, we also affirmed a major commitment to the Macintosh, announcing three new products: FullWrite Protessional, Full Impact and dBASB Mac RunTime. Both FullWrite Profes.ional and dBASB Mac RunTime were shipped on schedule,. Esber said. .\~AsHTON .TATE -more- 20101 Hamilton Avenue Torrance. CalitOmla 90502-1319 (213) ;38-7312 Ashton-Tate Q1 1989 2-2-2 dBASE IV represents the state-of-the-art in microcomputer database management systems. The product features major enhancements to the dBASE programming language; seamless integration of IBM SAA compatible structured Query Language (SQL); a completely redesigned user interface; a program compiler; and advanced multi-user capabilities. FullWrite Professional is a state-of-the-art Macintosh word processing product; Full Impact is a second-generation Macintosh spreadsheet that combines power with high-quality presentation and business report capabilities and dBASE Mac RunTime is an execute-only version of dBASE Mac that enables developers to distribute applications built on dBASE Mac without purchasing the full package. -
Background ASHTON TATE
.' ,i\ Background ASHTON TATE For relcase: 20101 Hamilrun .-\wnlll: JANUARY 1989 Turran<:c, (alit~)rnia ll,''>,'2.1 >ll) C"nra<:r: T elcl'honc: 21 ). ) !l)',-';l'l'l' Judy Marie Merrill Tcb.: hhl)l),"'4 :\~I IT T:\IT L~:\ - Ashton-Tate (408) 927-5157 FULLIMPACI' FACI'SHEET Full Impact is Ashton-Tate's full-featured, multi-function spreadsheet product that combines power and superior presentation/business report capabilities to take advantage of the Apple Computet, Inc.'s Macintosh design philosophy. A product for the new generation of Macintosh systems, Full Impact solidifies Ashton-Tate's position as a premiere supplier of software for the Macintosh marketplace and underscores its commitment to the Macintosh as a new corporate microcomputing standard. Full Impact supports a broad range of users, from beginners to advanced in small to large businesses, and provides two levels of passwords for high-level security. The feature-rich spreadsheet includes a mini-word processor, extensive macro language support, a wide range of import-export capabilities and superior formatting capabilities that close the gap between spreadsheets and desktop publishing. Full Impact can quickly merge text, data and graphics on a single page without the support of other applications; supports color and multiple fonts, and provides navigational aids that allow users to easily move around the spreadsheet. (more) Full Impact Fact Sheet 2-2-2 FEATURESAND BENEFITS EASE OF USE Full Impact provides: . Complete implementation of the Macintosh user interface. Scrollable, hierarchical pull-down menus, and icon bars for simplified command selection. Constantly accessible on-line help that reduces or eliminates the need to consult the reference manual. -
Macintosh Classic Manual Download Macintosh Classic Manual
Macintosh Classic Manual Download Macintosh Classic Manual A.P. Van Meter joined Phase Linear in 1974, bringing with him his design experience working at Macintosh and University Sound. When Carver left Phase Linear in 1977, Van Meter became the Chief Design Engineer and the Engineering Manager. Under his direction the Series II models were designed and built, and introduced in 1978. IClicker Integrate is an IT Administrator toolkit that configures the campus LMS and iClicker Classic to directly communicate with each other. For educational institutions using iClicker Integrate, students register their remotes within the LMS resulting in fewer errors, and faculty seamlessly sync class rosters and polling data without ever.Manual installation of *.Xmp format presets and creative profiles: Unzip the presets if they’re zipped. Find the Develop Presets folder in Explorer (Windows) - Finder (Mac) by going to the Preferences > Presets tab and pressing the Show Lightroom Develop Presets button. You can also manually navigate to: So I need to fix a macintosh classic machine. The battery DESTROYED the logicboard, corroded all the resistors, traces, card edge, even the IC pins. I am working on the analog board which is definitely saveable but Ill need a new logic board. Does anyone happen to have one? Part # 820-0390-03 or 630-0390 retro classic bt limited edition set. $299.99. Retro compact keyboard (rck) quick view color. Kb540 antimicrobial (mac) $45.90. Km535 antimicrobial combo. Related Manuals for Macintosh SE. Desktop Macintosh Performa User Manual. Macintosh performa computer (196 pages). Desktop Macintosh Classic Service Source Apple Macintosh Classic II Boxed, Manuals, Mouse Vintage 68k 68030: Condition: For parts or not working. -
IDOL Connector Framework Server 11.6 Administration Guide
Connector Framework Server Software Version: 11.6 Administration Guide Document Release Date: February 2018 Software Release Date: February 2018 Administration Guide Legal notices Warranty The only warranties for Seattle SpinCo, Inc. and its subsidiaries ("Seattle") products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty. Seattle shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. Restricted rights legend Confidential computer software. Except as specifically indicated, valid license from Seattle required for possession, use or copying. Consistent with FAR 12.211 and 12.212, Commercial Computer Software, Computer Software Documentation, and Technical Data for Commercial Items are licensed to the U.S. Government under vendor's standard commercial license. Copyright notice © Copyright 2018 EntIT Software LLC, a Micro Focus company Trademark notices Adobe™ is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Microsoft® and Windows® are U.S. registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. UNIX® is a registered trademark of The Open Group. Documentation updates The title page of this document contains the following identifying information: l Software Version number, which indicates the software version. l Document Release Date, which changes each time the document is updated. l Software Release Date, which indicates the release date of this version of the software. To verify you are using the most recent edition of a document, go to https://softwaresupport.softwaregrp.com/group/softwaresupport/search-result?doctype=online help. This site requires you to sign in with a Software Passport. -
NEWS and ANNOUNCEMENTS NEWS and ANNOUNCEMENTS: Maintosh Operating System Upgrade
. - JUNE 1987 VoLUME 8 NuMBER 8 • CONTENTS • NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS: Maintosh Operating System Upgrade ...... 69 • MACINTOSH OPERATING SYSTEM UPGRADE IBM XT ..................................................... 75 Apple has released new versions of its system software for the Macin tosh. The new version (Finder 5.5) supports the new Mac II and SE. If REVIEWS: you use a Mac II, SE, or Plus, Apple recommends that you use this new PFS Professional File ............................... 70 software. Because the new software takes up more memory, if you have Write Now .................................................. 71 a 512K or enhanced 512K Mac, Apple recommends you continue to use Finder 3.3 and only upgrade your printer drivers. (If you have a SERVICES 128K Mac you should use these older versions: System 2.0, Finder I ACSS Contract Services Group ............... 73 4.1.) If you don't have the new software, you can make a free copy at SPCS Site Licenses ................................. 73 the Micro HelpLine. You only need to bring two 800K floppy disks: 1 one for the system files and one for the utilities. You can speed things MICROCOMPUTER SHORT COURSES up by initializing your disks before you come to the HelpLine. Since Summer 1987 ........................................... 75 different versions of the Mac require different versions of the operating I system files, in the table below we divided the Macs into two groups. The table includes version numbers and the amount of disk space the files need. The size of your System me may differ from ours since we The Microcomputer Newslener is published monthly by removed most fonts from System 4.1 and 3.2. -
Next and Open Systems Standards Next and Open Systems Standards
® NeXT and Open Systems Standards NeXT and Open Systems Standards Standards have become the watchword of the corporate technology manager. And rightly so, because multivendor computing is now the rule. To survive, a computer company must ensure that its products connect and communicate easily with other equipment. With this in mind, NeXT focuses on adherence to industry standards and multivendor con- nectivity. From the start, we built the philosophy of compatibility into all of our products. And we had an advantage. Since the NeXT™ Computer was designed more recently than the products of other major competitors, we saw what standards were actually accepted and which ones truly provided user value. We then incorporated these accepted tech- nologies into NeXT systems. Our view is simple: • Use standards whenever possible. • Invent new technologies when users are dissatisfied with current industry offerings. • Make our new technologies coexist in a heterogeneous world. This document builds a structured model of where key industry standards are required and discusses where they are incorporated into all NeXT systems. We’ll begin with the operating system, the subject of unrelenting UNIX® wars between groups like the Open Software Foundation (OSF) and UNIX International (UI). From there, we’ll highlight the additional standards above the operating system that affect users every day. Before we construct the architectural model we’ll use throughout this document, we also want you to know our biases: The ultimate standards-based computer would be a perfect clone of whatever computer system had the largest market share. This product would bring no surprises. Of course it would also provide no added value to its users. -
Mav1988 Volume 4, Number 7 ,J CONTENTS NEWS and ANNOUNCEMENTS
f'Y\1\tJ MAv1988 VoLUME 4, NuMBER 7 ,j CONTENTS NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS Campus Network Considerations ............. 73 • CAMPUS NETWORK CONSIDERATIONS l If you are considering installing a Local Area Network (LAN) or REVIEWS connecting to the University's campus-wide Ethernet backbone net l Microsoft Mail ........................................... 74 work, there are several issues that you need to keep in mind. (Two I Apple 40SC Tape Backup ........................ 76 reasons for connecting microcomputers and workstations to the campus Lotus Measure ......................................... n network are: provide very high speed communications with other j computers on campus; use the campus network to link your departmen CoLUMNS tal LANs together.) Since the campus-wide network is shared by people Ma Micro Notes all over the University, there are some limitations on what you can File Maker Plus 2.1 Upgrade .................. 79 expect to do over the network. In other words, there are some standards I I ti LaserWrtter and Legal Size Paper .... 79 for how computers communicate across the campus network. Whether I Site License Forum .................................. 80 you are considering connecting either a single machine or a LAN to the Instructional Software Forums ................. 80 campus network, you need to be aware of what the standards are and Book Center Notes how they affect what you can expect to do over the University's back Price Changes· HP LaserJet Fonts ...... 81 bone network. Laser Printer Toner cartridges .............. 81 Apple -+ Claris Software ....................... 81 Perhaps the most important standard you should be aware of is the I HP DeskJet Ink Cartridges .................... 81 network protocols that are supported over the network. -
Volume 3, Number 5 May 23, 1997 [email protected] Cover
About This Particular Macintosh™ 3.05: About the personal computing experience™ Volume 3, Number 5 May 23, 1997 Send requests for FREE subscriptions to: [email protected] Cover Art “May Flowers” ©1997 Jamal Ghandour [email protected] We need new cover art every month! Write to us! Contributors H. M. Fog Jamal Ghandour Robert Paul Leitao Robert Madill Mike Shields Michael Tsai Belinda Wagner Macintosh users like you Please write for ATPM! Check out the Guidelines Staff Publishers - Michael Tsai & Robert Paul Leitao Editor - Michael Tsai Managing Editor - Robert Paul Leitao Opinions Editor - Mike Shields Reviews Editor- Robert Madill Copy Editor - Belinda Wagner Cover Story Editor - Vacant Shareware Reviews Editor - Vacant Education Editor - Belinda Wagner Staffwriter - H. M. Fog Subscription Manager - Robert Paul Leitao Webzinger - Evan Trent Assistant Webzinger - Michael Tsai Beta Testers - The Staff Artwork In Charge of Design - Michael Tsai Graphics Designer - Jamal Ghandour Blue Apple Icon Designs - Marc Robinson Typewriter Style Section Headers - RD Novo The Tools BBEdit 4.0.3 ClarisWorks 4.0v5 DOCMaker 4.7.5 Emailer 2.0v1 Illustrator 6 Kai’s PowerTools 3.1 Photoshop 4 ResEdit SpellCatcher 1.5.7 The Fonts Cheltenham Cloister Garamond Geneva Gill Sans Helvetica Isla Bella Where to Find ATPM Online and downloadable issues are available at the ATPM Web Page: <http://www.atpm.com> America Online : search “atpm” Info-Mac and all its Mirrors Any others? Let us know! ATPM is an MT/RPL Production © 1995-97, All Rights Reserved Reprints Articles and original art cannot be reproduced without the express permission of ATPM, unless otherwise noted. -
Full Journal, PDF, 19.8 Megabytes
$2.95 • was The Journal of W ashington Apple Pi, Ltd. Volume 14, Number 11 November 1992 Apple Expo East '---------- -------' 21 ~-A_r_tis_t_s_o_n_E_x_h _ib_it_ __.l 22 Looking Good in "9 ._____P_r_in_t_R_e_v_i_e_w___ ___. L .____M_a_c_E_K_G_ R_e_vi_e_w_ ____, 32 PowerBundle: A 34 ~-G_o_o_d_Va_l_u_e_? __~ A~ple II Screen 52 ~_S_o_ts_:_B_e_l _ie_v_e_lt_! _ __. Washington Apple Pi General Meeting 4th Saturday • 9:00 a.m. • Community & Cultural Center Northern VA Community College • 8333 Little River Turnpike Annadale, Virginia Oct. 24 Mac: Major presentation Nov. 21 by Claris on FileMaker Mac: Major presentation December 12 Pro, MacWrite Pro, etc. by Hewlett-Packard Apple II: GEnie & (and maybe a surprise). telecommunications. Apple II: wonders of Plus the usual gossip System 6. and enthusiastic Plus the usual gossip Q & A sessions. and enthusiastic Q & A sessions. location to be announced. From the Belf\vay (1 -495) rake Exit 6 west on VA 236 approx. 1 mile. Turn left into the camp us of Northern Virginia Comm. College. DC Loop around ro rhe rear ..A.. parking lots, and \Valk to lliJl the Community & Culrural Cenrer Building. Northern Virginia Community College There is abundant free parking adjacent to the Community & Cultural Center. Give your Chooser better choices HP LaserJet PostScript® printers for the Macin tosh® combine superior print qualtiy with ''plug and-play" simplicity. Now there is a family of reliable HP LaserJet PostScript printers offering the choices that will help you make a better impres sion at the office. With five models available, you can choose from simple affordability, personal or workgroup, duplexing or sheer speed All have true Adobe®PostScript with 35 typefaces. -
Nextstep Programming
To my parents, Marvin and Marian, who have put up with my addiction to computers since before I could type. - Simson To Louise, Nina, and Timmy. - Michael vii Preface Welcome! This book is about programming computers running NeXTSTEP. It’s a no- nonsense, hands-on book that teaches programmers how to write applica- tion programs that take full advantage of NeXTSTEP, the operating envi- ronment from NeXT Computer Inc. Writing programs for NeXTSTEP is fundamentally different than writing programs for other computers, because NeXTSTEP represents a radical departure from conventional programming environments. One writes NeXTSTEP programs by building systems of related but distinct parts, or objects, and connecting them together to form an integrated whole. Confin- ing different aspects of a program to different pieces makes those pieces easier to design, implement, debug, and reuse. This is what is known as object-oriented programming. NeXTSTEP embodies the principles of object oriented programming from its user interface down to its very core. This greatly simplifies the task of interfacing application programs with the NeXTSTEP operating environ- ment. The downside is that it makes the NeXTSTEP environment very dif- ferent from the environments to which most programmers are accustomed: there’s a steep curve to climb when learning to program in this easy-to-pro- gram environment (sounds strange, but it’s true). We wrote this book out of frustration: at the time, there was no single book that explained step-by-step how to write programs for NeXTSTEP. Instead, a programmer trying to approach the platform was confronted by the NeXT technical documentation and the source-code for several dozen example programs. -
Immediate ASHTON-TATE SELLS DBASE
News Immediate ~IT 1Ih..l... l 1111. '!"i ! ) ( , ,nUd: Linda Duttenhaver Dean Meyers Ashton-Tate Corp. New Era Software (213) 538-7011 (305) 670-4844 ASHTON-TATE SELLS DBASE MAC New Era Software to actively develop and support database software for the Macintosh TORRANCE, California, July 16, 1990 -- Ashton-Tate Corporation (NASDAQ: TATE) today announced that, effective immediately, the company has sold dBASE Mac, its database software for the Macintosh, to New Era Software Group, Inc. of Miami, Florida. New Era Software specializes in Macintosh software development. As of August 15, 1990, New Era will support all current dBASE Mac users; until then, dBASE Mac customers can continue to call Ashton-Tate Technical Support. New Era has acquired Ashton- Tate's dBASE Mac inventory and intends to upgrade the product. Ashton-Tate retains the right to distribute and support dBASE Mac for New Era in Japan. "We were impressed by New Era's expertise and enthusiasm, and felt that they could best meet the needs of our dBASE Mac customers. Their ownership of dBASE Mac will give that product a renewed future," said Bill Lyons, Ashton- Tate's (more) Ashton-Tate Sells dBASE Mac 2-2-2 President and Chief Operating Officer. "At the same time, the sale allows us to focus our development efforts on a language-compatible version of dBASE IV for the Macintosh. This will enable our customers and developers to run their DOS-based programs on the Macintosh." "We are building our business around software for the Macintosh, and dBASE Mac is a perfect addition to our business software product line," said Dean Meyers, Chief Executive Officer of New Era Software.