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ART and ARCHAEOLOGY Vocabulary ART and ARCHAEOLOGY Vocabulary Version 1.1 (Last updated: 2018-01-22)

Controlled vocabulary used for indexing bibliographical records for the "Art and Archaeology" FRANCIS database (1972-2015, http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/ ). This resource contains 1960 entries grouped into 133 collections. A French version of this resource is also available. The resource is browsable online on the terminological portal Loterre: https://www.loterre.fr

Legend

• Syn: Synonym. • → : Corresponding Preferred Term. • FR: French Preferred Term. • ES: Spanish Preferred Term. • DE: German Preferred Term. • BT: Broader Term. • SC: Semantic Category. • DO: Subject Field. • URI: Concept's URI (link to the online view).

This resource is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license: TABLE OF CONTENTS

Alphabetical Index 4 Terminological Entries 5 List Of Entries 140 Collections 183 Alphabetical Index

from 'Abd al-Samad to 'Abd al-Samad p. 6 -6 from 10th century AD to 1st millenium BC p. 9 -9 from 20th century AD to 2nd millenium BC p. 11 -11 from 30th century BC to 3rd millenium BC p. 12 -12 from 4th century AD to 4th millenium BC p. 13 -13 from 5th century AD to 5th millenium BC p. 14 -14 from 6th century AD to 6th dynasty p. 15 -15 from 7th century AD to 7th dynasty p. 16 -16 from 8th century AD to 8th dynasty p. 17 -17 from 9th century AD to 9th dynasty p. 18 -18 from Abassid dynasty to Aztec Civilization p. 19 -27 from baboon to Byzantium p. 29 -33 from cadastre to Cyrus II the Great p. 36 -46 from dagger to Dynasty 0 p. 49 -51 from eagle to eye p. 53 -57 from faience to furniture (house) p. 58 -61 from galena to gypsum p. 63 -65 from Hadrian to hypostyle hall p. 67 -70 from Iberian Peninsula to Ištar p. 74 -75 from jade to justice p. 76 -77 from Kamakura to Kyōto p. 79 -79 from label to lyophilization p. 80 -83 from Maat to mythology p. 87 -92 from Nabataeans to nymphaeum p. 94 -95 from oasis to Ottoman Empire p. 97 -98 from pagoda to Pāla dynasty p. 106 -108 from Qajar dynasty to quiver p. 109 -109 from radiocarbon dating to rubbing p. 112 -113 from sabre to Sūrya p. 118 -125 from table to Tyre p. 131 -132 from Udjat Eye to Uzbekistan p. 133 -133 from Valley of the Kings to volcanic eruption p. 134 -134 from wall to writing p. 136 -136 from X ray diffraction to xylography p. 137 -137 from yak to Yüan dynasty p. 138 -138 from Zen to Zoroastrianism p. 139 -139

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 4 Terminological Entries

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 5 'ABD AL-SAMAD '

'Abd al-Samad SC: Anthroponym FR: 'Abd al-Samad URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T2JWS0BK-1

6 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary 15TH CENTURY AD

12th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 12 1 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: XIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KTF69648-3 10th century AD Syn: Century 10 AD SC: Chronology 13th century AD DO: · Archaeology Syn: Century 13 AD · History SC: Chronology FR: Xe siècle apr. J.-C. DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QW7KRC85-Q · History FR: XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J794WMCX-R 10th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 10 SC: Chronology 13th century BC DO: Archaeology Syn: Century 13 BC FR: Xe dynastie SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GH5V4SJ6-7 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XIIIe siècle av. J.-C 11th century AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BL38TG6L-2 Syn: Century 11 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 13th dynasty · History Syn: Dynasty 13 FR: XIe siècle apr. J.-C. SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K7Z9T7W7-V DO: Archaeology FR: XIIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZV0BKGT7-C 11th century BC Syn: Century 11 BC SC: Chronology 14th century AD DO: · Archaeology Syn: Century 14 AD · History SC: Chronology FR: XIe siècle av. J.-C. DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M8GPZ3D0-L · History FR: XIVe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QX5PGHCM-V 11th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 11 SC: Chronology 14th century BC DO: Archaeology Syn: Century 14 BC FR: XIe dynastie SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JC9NVL0X-7 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XIVe siècle av. J.-C 12th century AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DDQFSW23-S Syn: Century 12 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 14th dynasty · History Syn: Dynasty 14 FR: XIIe siècle apr. J.-C SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M634K41L-J DO: Archaeology FR: XIVe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MGXHG3JC-Z 12th century BC Syn: Century 12 BC SC: Chronology 15th century AD DO: · Archaeology Syn: Century 15 AD · History SC: Chronology FR: XIIe siècle av. J.-C DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HRV7HW8G-2 · History FR: XVe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BN7R0DBG-W

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 7 15TH CENTURY BC

15th century BC 18th century AD Syn: Century 15 BC Syn: Century 18 AD SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · History · History FR: XVe siècle av. J.-C FR: XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QL9HTDT6-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KVFCS2F2-1

15th dynasty 18th century BC Syn: Dynasty 15 Syn: Century 18 BC SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: XVe dynastie · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q8HTDPLW-P FR: XVIIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R55DZG31-S

16th century AD Syn: Century 16 AD 18th dynasty SC: Chronology Syn: Dynasty 18 DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · History DO: Archaeology FR: XVIe siècle apr. J.-C FR: XVIIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XDH8V19C-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D5CVZR7N-P

16th century BC 19th century AD Syn: Century 16 BC Syn: Century 19 AD SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · History · History FR: XVIe siècle av. J.-C FR: XIXe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PLTD0T4R-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TXKXXHVN-6

16th dynasty 19th century BC Syn: Dynasty 16 Syn: Century 19 BC SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: XVIe dynastie · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MHVZ1R5F-H FR: XIXe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NX1L60MM-J

17th century AD Syn: Century 17 AD 19th dynasty SC: Chronology Syn: Dynasty 19 DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · History DO: Archaeology FR: XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C FR: XIXe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X2WH9CQ0-L URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXZ2VKQN-Q

17th century BC 1st century AD Syn: Century 17 BC Syn: Century 1 AD SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · History · History FR: XVIIe siècle av. J.-C FR: Ier siècle apr. J.-C. URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RX2WHN01-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JP073VXW-9

17th dynasty 1st century BC Syn: Dynasty 17 Syn: Century 1 BC SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: XVIIe dynastie · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TSR5BWP1-M FR: Ier siècle av. J.-C. URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ND6KRGJ0-P

8 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary 1ST MILLENIUM BC

1st dynasty Syn: · Dynasty 1 · First Dynasty SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Ire dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CM3MPC29-1

1st millenium AD Syn: Millenium 1 AD SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Ier millénaire apr. J.-C. URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CLZMK85S-0

1st millenium BC Syn: Millenium 1 BC SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Ier millénaire av. J.-C. URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q2F0BX99-X

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 9 20TH CENTURY AD

23rd century BC Syn: Century 23 BC 2 SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXIIIe siècle av. J.-C 20th century AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F82T7DNT-D Syn: Century 20 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 23rd dynasty · History Syn: Dynasty 23 FR: XXe siècle apr. J.-C SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M7V9D4C1-J DO: Archaeology FR: XXIIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JBF91NZ7-H 20th century BC Syn: Century 20 BC SC: Chronology 24th century BC DO: · Archaeology Syn: Century 24 BC · History SC: Chronology FR: XXe siècle av. J.-C DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BNF0FTX3-G · History FR: XXIVe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C8T1WJ0H-7 20th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 20 SC: Chronology 24th dynasty DO: Archaeology Syn: Dynasty 24 FR: XXe dynastie SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LX606KG4-S DO: Archaeology FR: XXIVe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V3K3JG27-Z 21st century SC: Chronology FR: Siècle 21 apr. J.-C. 25th century BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GHZJD1KF-4 Syn: Century 25 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 21st century BC · History Syn: Century 21 BC FR: XXVe siècle av. J.-C SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DFB6P938-6 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXIe siècle av. J.-C 25th dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FRW60P1V-T Syn: Dynasty 25 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology 21st dynasty FR: XXVe dynastie Syn: Dynasty 21 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X08F9ZF2-B SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: XXIe dynastie 26th century BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FPCW2RMM-Z Syn: Century 26 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 22nd century BC · History Syn: Century 22 BC FR: XXVIe siècle av. J.-C SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LL4QBG3B-Z DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXIIe siècle av. J.-C 26th dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X3RMC92Z-S Syn: Dynasty 26 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology 22nd dynasty FR: XXVIe dynastie Syn: Dynasty 22 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NTP5ZXQZ-D SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: XXIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JD0DGLG6-Q

10 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary 2ND MILLENIUM BC

27th century BC 2nd dynasty Syn: Century 27 BC Syn: Dynasty 2 SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: IIe dynastie FR: XXVIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K6BFZ7ZQ-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BJPN53Q4-S

2nd millenium BC 27th dynasty Syn: Millenium 2 BC Syn: Dynasty 27 SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: IIe millénaire av. J.-C FR: XXVIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VP4B99P1-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GZXSPQD7-Z

28th century BC Syn: Century 28 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXVIIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BDGCFMFC-X

28th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 28 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: XXVIIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZG0NSG2B-H

29th century BC Syn: Century 29 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXIXe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NPGSS1TB-C

29th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 29 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: XXIXe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KBCCF5GF-P

2nd century AD Syn: Century 2 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IIe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HPL8KS5B-7

2nd century BC Syn: Century 2 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQZ9LPX1-1

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 11 30TH CENTURY BC

3rd century AD Syn: Century 3 AD 3 SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. 30th century BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MR99F1KX-2 Syn: Century 30 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 3rd century BC · History Syn: Century 3 BC FR: XXXe siècle av. J.-C SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P6D18F6L-K DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IIIe siècle av. J.-C. 30th dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S2BW7SQJ-W Syn: Dynasty 30 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology 3rd dynasty FR: XXXe dynastie Syn: Dynasty 3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZQBD624W-K SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: IIIe dynastie 31st century BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FBBZWZZ0-1 Syn: Century 31 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology 3rd millenium BC · History Syn: Millenium 3 BC FR: XXXIe siècle av. J.-C SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NFFBK90C-Q DO: Archaeology FR: IIIe millénaire av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WF1N0HBQ-Q 32nd century BC Syn: Century 32 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXXIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NBCXP83K-H

33rd century BC Syn: Century 33 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXXIIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MSTMBZDR-N

34th century BC Syn: Century 34 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXXIVe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q8J9PX2K-5

35th century BC Syn: Century 35 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: XXXVe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P6B5111X-T

12 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary 4TH MILLENIUM BC 4

4th century AD Syn: Century 4 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IVe siècle siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VBG72VKH-C

4th century BC Syn: Century 4 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IVe siècle siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DJKPXL7G-L

4th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 4 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: IVe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MHGVQZFV-X

4th millenium BC Syn: Millenium 4 BC SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Ive millénaire av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DVNN6S7S-M

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 13 5TH CENTURY AD 5

5th century AD Syn: Century 5 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Ve siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V03NTTSJ-V

5th century BC Syn: Century 5 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Ve siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MZHKM8HT-8

5th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 5 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Ve dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BZS7GRJN-L

5th millenium BC Syn: Millenium 5 BC SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Ve millénaire av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GBX85PLC-5

14 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary 6TH DYNASTY 6

6th century AD Syn: Century 6 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: VIe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BMBZ84SV-4

6th century BC Syn: Century 6 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: VIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TS3F5X78-N

6th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 6 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: VIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NBCHHRT6-Z

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 15 7TH CENTURY AD 7

7th century AD Syn: Century 7 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: VIIe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R495LXZ5-9

7th century BC Syn: Century 7 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: VIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C9C9K0Q2-R

7th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 7 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: VIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JB33QWFW-6

16 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary 8TH DYNASTY 8

8th century AD Syn: Century 8 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SK3F3HDD-G

8th century BC Syn: Century 8 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: VIIIe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N2XHVMQ1-4

8th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 8 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: VIIIe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PDFSM9G1-H

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 17 9TH CENTURY AD 9

9th century AD Syn: Century 9 AD SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IXe siècle apr. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VK754PWG-8

9th century BC Syn: Century 9 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: IXe siècle av. J.-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CTD13H4F-8

9th dynasty Syn: Dynasty 9 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: IXe dynastie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N4GS5BH4-X

18 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary AFGHANISTAN

acropolis SC: Space concept DO: · Archaeology A · Art FR: acropole URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NPNNXT5D-R Abassid dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology administration · Art Syn: civil service · History SC: Organizational system FR: Dynastie Abbasside FR: administration URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z3FTK0MT-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XG4MRNHM-6 abecedary adobe SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: abécédaire FR: adobe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KNCDQSG9-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VMNG1MNT-9

Abu Simbel adze SC: Toponym SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Abou Simbel FR: herminette URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KDJJ0CZQ-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H6VZDMHJ-X

Abusir Aegyptiaca SC: Toponym SC: Document title / Work title DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Abousir FR: Aegyptiaca URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TQ5T30LT-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HGMJJ71S-5

Abydos aerial archaeology SC: Toponym SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Abydos FR: archéologie aérienne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N8KKL39W-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RXL5W089-V academy aerial photography SC: Organization / Institution SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Art DO: Archaeology FR: académie FR: photographie aérienne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B43WMV6H-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P2MK1KCP-Q accounts aesthetics SC: Economic concept or system SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Art FR: comptabilité FR: esthétique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F5CC0WWZ-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NW6QK4T3-8

Achaemenid dynasty Afghanistan SC: Chronology SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography · History FR: Afghanistan FR: Dynastie Achéménide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XMTZHXG5-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RRFD1XCS-X

Afshar acquisition SC: Activity → Afsharid dynasty DO: Art FR: acquisition URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TV40CNTZ-C

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 19 AFSHARID DYNASTY

Afsharid dynasty Akhenaton Syn: Afshar SC: Anthroponym SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · History · History FR: Akhenaton FR: Dynastie Afshar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z6T690R4-L URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KNXKZ2SW-0 Akkad agate SC: Toponym SC: Mineral DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Akkad · Geology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZJMJF0J7-T FR: agate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CDSLDXB4-Z Akkadian SC: Glottonym agate artefact DO: · Archaeology Syn: agate object · Linguistics SC: Object FR: akkadien DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KPP14PSQ-J FR: objet en agate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GF0SBN8V-0 Akkadian Period SC: Chronology agate object FR: Époque d'Agadé → agate artefact URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XJ2L4J5T-9

Aghlabid dynasty Akkadians SC: People / Ethnic group SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Akkadiens FR: Dynastie Aghlabide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WDC6ZMKB-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V9H6MM4Z-D alabaster agriculture SC: Rock DO: Archaeology SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: albâtre FR: agriculture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BR053K5V-J URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X6MF66M9-0 alabaster artefact Ahmosis I Syn: alabaster object SC: Anthroponym SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: objet en albâtre FR: Ahmose I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LTX1T9DX-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VH2WTHFH-V

alabaster object Ahmosis II → alabaster artefact SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History alabastron FR: Ahmose II SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S3BPCSSF-H DO: Archaeology FR: alabastre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HW4V3B6H-2 Akbar SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology Alexander · Art · History → Alexander the Great FR: Akbar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F272BG4V-V

20 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary AMENEMHET III

Alexander the Great altar Syn: Alexander SC: Object SC: Anthroponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: autel · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LSSK3HQZ-7 FR: Alexandre le Grand URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TPP8LGR9-Z Amarnian Period SC: Chronology Alexandria DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: Époque amarnienne · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VKLK591Z-N FR: Alexandrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MSST5B4F-6 amber SC: Material / Product / Substance Algeria DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: ambre DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S7ZDXGL3-7 · Geography FR: Algérie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H0RGV64M-6 amber artefact Syn: amber object SC: Object Alhambra DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: objet en ambre DO: Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V68P3NZ6-Q FR: Alhambra URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MXM2XL59-H amber object alloy → amber artefact SC: Metal DO: · Archaeology · Metallurgy ambo FR: alliage SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T87WV5TW-1 DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: ambon almanac URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J4LR0X9F-T SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: almanach Amenemhet I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MGPZXBLF-V SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History Almohad dynasty FR: Amenemhat I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K612QB1G-Z SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History Amenemhet II FR: Dynastie Almohade SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CVCX215M-P DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Amenemhat II Almoravid dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CP7X3MFW-Q SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art Amenemhet III · History SC: Anthroponym FR: Dynastie Almoravide DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C5D2MMLT-0 · History FR: Amenemhat III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LJ2VCRG4-3 alphabet SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology FR: alphabet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TX3WXR3L-C

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 21 AMENEMHET IV

Amenemhet IV Amorium SC: Anthroponym SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: Amorium FR: Amenemhat IV URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T2SGF8CC-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9V2DPXN-Z

amphibole Amenemhet V SC: Rock SC: Anthroponym DO: Geology DO: · Archaeology FR: amphibole · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PKFT8BKM-T FR: Amenemhat V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KH6MZXWV-C amphitheatre SC: Building / Infrastructure Amenhotep I DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: amphithéâtre DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RT98SLC3-C · History FR: Aménophis I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N7CGFZZD-1 amphora SC: Object DO: Archaeology Amenhotep II FR: amphore SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J0G2BC9V-3 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Aménophis II amphoric stamp URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N847DN3F-P SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology Amenophis III FR: timbre amphorique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PLGLBJRG-N SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Aménophis III amulet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J9F384FQ-V SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: amulette America URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MPHGVTQR-0 SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography Amun FR: Amérique SC: Divinity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JRLSXWSW-X FR: Amon ES: Amón DE: Amun amethyst URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CWF1TFM8-X SC: Mineral DO: · Archaeology · Art analysis · Geology SC: Analysis / Measure FR: améthyste DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D29TGRXP-T FR: analyse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VGPTW8Z9-H amethyst artefact SC: Object anastylosis DO: Archaeology SC: Technique / Method FR: objet en améthyste DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F0WQNGKG-W FR: anastylose URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G8LWHM2Q-1 aminoacid SC: Protein / Peptide / Aminoacid anatomy DO: Archaeology SC: Discipline FR: aminoacide DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J4RKHXC8-5 FR: anatomie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W518T4NM-3

22 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary AQUEDUCT

anchor anthropology SC: Object SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: · Anthropology FR: ancre · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PKKJD2BD-L FR: anthropologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N5C4Q12N-9 ancient author SC: Function anthropometry DO: · Archaeology SC: Technique / Method · History DO: Archaeology FR: auteur ancien FR: anthropométrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XJX72QHD-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WRRSLDK9-P

Andes Antilles SC: Toponym → West Indies FR: Andes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R9P3TT1K-S Antiquity SC: Chronology Angkor DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: Antiquité DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FR7R65XS-N FR: Angkor URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SSPCL00P-K Antoninus Pius SC: Anthroponym Angkor Thom DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · History DO: Archaeology FR: Antonin le Pieux FR: Angkor Thom URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WGPXBWC5-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TCTLFPMF-Q

Anuradhapura Angkorian Period SC: Toponym SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Anuradhapura FR: Période angkorienne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FTS2CTLH-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G3H3M3XS-8

Anyang aniconism SC: Toponym SC: Current of thought / Doctrine FR: Anyang DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NN90QT48-M · Art · Religions FR: aniconisme apiculture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LMCR9RHN-Z → beekeeping animal appendage SC: Animal DO: Archaeology → appendix FR: animal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QV9XLT58-D appendix Syn: appendage ankh SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: appendice FR: ankh URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W12D2PHP-D URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CP47SDNM-7

aqueduct annals SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: aqueduc FR: annales URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NPK87BZQ-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VLQ6T4X3-C

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 23 ARABESQUE

arabesque archaeometallurgy SC: Sign / Symbol SC: Discipline DO: Art FR: archéométallurgie FR: arabesque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PMZ3P8QG-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RJ1JXF13-C

archaeometry Arabia SC: Discipline SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: archéométrie · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JR5L5PSD-S FR: Arabie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GHC2P1FX-1 archaeozoology SC: Discipline Arabic DO: Archaeology SC: Glottonym FR: archéozoologie DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QZMFMRG7-6 · Linguistics FR: arabe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QCP8PRWN-C Archaic Period SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology Aramaic people · Art SC: People / Ethnic group FR: Époque archaïque DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LQS0XLRS-H FR: Araméens URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TW69WFB3-N archer archaeoastronomy Syn: bowman SC: Function SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: archer FR: archéoastronomie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R33FHWWS-L URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JNB45S15-L

architect archaeological guide SC: Function SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: architecte FR: guide archéologique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PR8F63CH-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F8XMGJSR-K

architectural decoration archaeological site SC: Architectural element or structure SC: Space DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: décor architectural FR: site archéologique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GR7XZ6J6-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZHLPW7T2-T

architectural element archaeologist SC: Architectural element or structure SC: Function DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: élément architectural FR: archéologue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C3PHFJJ7-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TKWMLX3Z-7

architecture archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: archéologie FR: architecture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FP5M59T8-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q6T324P5-D archaeomagnetism SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: archéomagnétisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C5W9H2RK-D

24 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary ASHURNASIRPAL I

archives art Print Syn: records Syn: arts print SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Art FR: archives FR: estampe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q21L7WQ6-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RMSD5RMW-3

Armenia artefact SC: Toponym SC: Object FR: Arménie DO: Archaeology ES: Armenia FR: objet DE: Armenien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q216BRR1-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BFMBJ6FN-N artisan armlet → craftsman SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: bracelet d'archer artist URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XQNK3KH3-V SC: Function DO: · Archaeology · Art army FR: artiste SC: Organizational system URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RLL0KNCH-5 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: armée artistic taste URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VW1WZ9B6-X SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: · Archaeology · Art arrow FR: goût artistique SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PJD46CK1-X DO: Archaeology FR: flèche arts print URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H8PWW14Q-7 → art Print arrowhead SC: Object Ashkelon DO: Archaeology Syn: Ashqelon FR: pointe de flèche SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ST2TQFFH-9 FR: Ashkelon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T56VT3S7-G Arsacid dynasty SC: Chronology Ashqelon DO: · Archaeology · Art → Ashkelon · History FR: Dynastie Arsacide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FBV4VQGD-F Ashurbanipal SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology art · History SC: Idea / Abstraction FR: Assurbanipal DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H3K2ZNC4-4 · Art FR: art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WBR9F2SX-P Ashurnasirpal I SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology art history · History SC: Discipline FR: Assurnasirpal I DO: Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M89KJMCV-9 FR: histoire de l'art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M9CH9S8K-1

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 25 ASHURNASIRPAL II

Ashurnasirpal II Assyriology SC: Anthroponym SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: assyriologie FR: Assurnasirpal II URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VGVMQ6B2-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SLXPPJDM-5

Astarte Asia SC: Divinity SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography · Religions FR: Asie FR: Astarté URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H92CPTP0-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KDX7G62G-T

Asia Minor astrology SC: Toponym SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Asie Mineure FR: astrologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CL2G61J4-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RD6PD0QT-R

Asoka astronomy SC: Anthroponym SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: astronomie FR: Asoka URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PTHDZFHV-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TJHBR9WT-B

Aswân Assur SC: Toponym SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Assouan FR: Assur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PC4GJBTC-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FWG5M7RR-C

Asyut Assyria SC: Toponym SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Assiout FR: Assyrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J09XHPGK-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RK1SS660-S

atlas Assyrian SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Glottonym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Geography · Linguistics FR: atlas FR: assyrien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RTJD68S1-3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LNBXN6QT-0

Attalid dynasty Assyrian Empire SC: Chronology SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Art · History · History FR: Dynastie Attalide FR: Empire assyrien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TM1D3917-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LT038K38-7

Augustus Assyrians SC: Anthroponym SC: People / Ethnic group DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: Assyriens FR: Auguste URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HTK6LP26-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WH1T1R4F-H

26 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary AZTEC CIVILIZATION

autobiography Aztecs SC: Type of document / Type of work → Aztec Civilization DO: Archaeology FR: autobiographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MVPH5QQH-T

Avalokiteśvara SC: Divinity FR: Avalokiteśvara URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PL56T6PL-8 awl SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: poinçon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KL1KFX3M-N axe SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: hache URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KMCGBJMM-5 axonometry SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: axonométrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W99F0B16-Z

Axumite dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie Axoumite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VP0WMJPT-S

Ayyoubid dynasty → Ayyubid dynasty

Ayyubid dynasty Syn: Ayyoubid dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie Ayyoubide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R06GDV1X-4

Aztec → Aztec Civilization

Aztec Civilization Syn: · Aztec · Aztecs SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Civilisation aztèque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NDH71JSN-6

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 27 BABOON

balance weigh SC: Object B DO: Archaeology FR: peson URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NQQXKMC9-N baboon Syn: baboone ball game SC: Vertebrate SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: babouin FR: jeu de balle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GNS25FWF-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GGQ5C0DW-3 baboone bamboo → baboon SC: Vegetal DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: bambou Babylon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J8JHWHZD-4 SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Babylone bamboo artefact URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C5R2Q49M-W Syn: bamboo object SC: Object Babylonia DO: Archaeology FR: objet en bambou SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CB2MZ930-3 DO: Archaeology FR: Babylonie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PBH01CH6-B bamboo object → bamboo artefact Babylonian Syn: Babylonians SC: Glottonym banner DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Linguistics DO: Archaeology FR: babylonien FR: bannière URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NXX2FJTZ-J URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N4VR003N-M

Babylonians banquet → Babylonian SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: banquet Bagram URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J1QKWVW5-D SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography baptistry FR: Begram SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LF81N4TV-9 FR: baptistère URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VMP4RQ61-N baked brick SC: Object DO: Archaeology baroque FR: brique cuite SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K83J55R2-8 FR: baroque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F8NBGD1L-2 balance SC: Object DO: Archaeology barrel vault FR: balance SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B24HWFNQ-H FR: voûte en berceau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FQ5GSMWC-9

28 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary BELL

barter beaker Syn: exchange → goblet SC: Economic concept or system DO: · Archaeology · Prehistory bed FR: troc SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T3S4NG0B-R DO: Archaeology FR: lit URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M5LM8PRB-V basalt SC: Rock DO: Archaeology Bedouin FR: basalte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V0P26B6K-5 → Bedouins

Basawan Bedouins SC: Anthroponym Syn: Bedouin FR: Basawan SC: People / Ethnic group URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NDWPRK52-W DO: · Archaeology · Ethnology FR: Bédouins basilica URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M1293NWP-H SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology bee FR: basilique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PVR58NPZ-C SC: Invertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: abeille basin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S9VQS4H1-H SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology beekeeping FR: bassin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JDBQGZDG-X Syn: apiculture SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology basket Work FR: apiculture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VT9QT3KF-K SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: vannerie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NC4XH6WP-4 beer SC: Food DO: · Archaeology Bastet · Multidisciplinary FR: bière SC: Divinity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VBNQJTSK-8 DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: Bastet Beijing URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FL27R89Q-5 SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography bath FR: Beijing URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JJP7XT6B-C SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: bain URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M90192FW-H Belgium SC: Toponym DO: Geography Bawit FR: Belgique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KD1W8X18-C SC: Toponym FR: Baouît URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J7DBWRK1-V bell SC: Object bead DO: Archaeology FR: cloche SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RN6CJ1MX-X DO: Archaeology FR: perle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W9KJK0KD-B

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 29 BELLEROPHON

Bellerophon bevelled-rim bowl SC: Anthroponym SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: écuelle FR: Bellérophon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JPXMX8QB-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FGR78SS3-4

Bible bellows SC: Document title / Work title SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Religions · Metallurgy FR: Bible FR: soufflet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FTP2NVH9-W URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PJDZXD60-9

Biblical archaeology belt SC: Discipline SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: archéologie biblique FR: ceinture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MNMKH7S1-W URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NXRJNBD8-7

bibliography belt buckle SC: Type of document / Type of work Syn: buckle DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Art DO: Archaeology FR: bibliographie FR: boucle de ceinture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S017DKWN-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HLC1RKVD-F binding Berot SC: Object SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: reliure FR: Bérite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J8PJG2W2-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BJ0N3FS7-M biography Bes SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Divinity DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: biographie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LSZL5TP7-3 · Religions FR: Bès URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LW1D8JP0-J biology SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology bestiary · Biological sciences SC: Literary pattern / Literary theme FR: biologie DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MPBRTM5Z-Z · Art FR: bestiaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SX1ZWG4K-D bird SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology Bethlehem FR: oiseau SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NRKHVW7Z-0 DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Bethléem birth URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CB67RL9L-W SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property DO: Archaeology FR: naissance betyl URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VXBQ1PLV-5 SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: bétyle bit URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J0LP8LH3-C SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: mors URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L0FSWZP0-9

30 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary BOTANY

bitumen Bolivia SC: Material / Product / Substance SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: bitume · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D14M5WKR-Q FR: Bolivie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KNFS145V-G bitumen artefact Syn: bitumen object bone SC: Object SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: objet en bitume FR: os URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LLV9DQTH-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F46ZVTJS-M bitumen object bone industry → bitumen artefact SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: industrie osseuse Black Sea URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PKPN9BVT-T SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology bone object · Geography FR: mer Noire SC: Object DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GHPLLTT0-S FR: objet en os URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BWPX61GL-7 blade SC: Object book DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: lame DO: · Archaeology · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TGZHDKRK-Z FR: livre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JBFBXB9M-N block SC: Material / Product / Substance Book of the Dead DO: Archaeology FR: bloc SC: Document title / Work title DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PR089CB4-D FR: Livre des Morts URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S82VT9SD-R block statue SC: Type of document / Type of work Book of the Gates DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Document title / Work title FR: statue cube DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VMLP3TJJ-7 FR: Livre des Portes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J3VL64PS-T blue and white Borobudur SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Art FR: Borobudur FR: bleu et blanc URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TLDGD663-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JLFPVFR6-Q Borsippa boat SC: Toponym Syn: ship FR: Borsippa SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T3FT52XJ-P DO: Archaeology FR: bateau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZJRCM1V0-7 botany SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · Plant biology / Botany FR: botanique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFQ79854-4

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 31 BOTTLE

bottle bread SC: Object SC: Food DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: bouteille · Multidisciplinary URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M13KT4M9-2 FR: pain URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q7QGMLTH-V bow SC: Object bread oven DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: arc DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F610SVXS-2 FR: four à pain URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HBGDCQ5N-W bowl SC: Object breeding DO: Archaeology SC: Activity FR: bol DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NH44H16T-C FR: élevage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z9BX2ZWZ-G bowman → archer brick SC: Object DO: Archaeology box FR: brique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G8VT18W8-4 SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: boîte bridge URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QR0XZ9WB-L SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology bracelet FR: pont URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WGCDJQ7G-Z SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: bracelet British Rāj URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JQKRP6Z3-1 SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History bradawl FR: Rāj britannique SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PC4M49HJ-L DO: Archaeology FR: alêne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CH97C0CX-2 Bronze Age SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology brass FR: Âge du Bronze SC: Metal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KPRRLFDK-8 DO: Archaeology FR: laiton URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PQFNQVCW-R bronze artefact Syn: bronze object brass artefact SC: Object DO: Archaeology Syn: brass object FR: objet en bronze SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HJHQBDQC-4 DO: Archaeology FR: objet en laiton URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B0V3RDWN-6 bronze object → bronze artefact brass object → brass artefact brooch SC: Object DO: Archaeology brazier FR: broche SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FP1JGXTW-1 DO: Archaeology FR: brasero URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZHMX4C3L-Z

32 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary BYZANTIUM

buckle Burma → belt buckle Syn: Myanmar SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology bucranium · Art · Geography SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: Birmanie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LBFMRWGL-D FR: bucrane URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TMJKLVD4-1 burner Buddha SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Personality / Divinity DO: · Archaeology FR: réchaud · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZWFD9VJJ-C · Religions FR: Bouddha URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MJMMQDM7-H bust SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology Buddhism · Art SC: Current of thought / Doctrine FR: buste DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CN6HZWZR-F · Art · Religions FR: bouddhisme button URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TKT0XVDP-Q SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: bouton building URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KG9H790G-3 SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: bâtiment Byblos URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KFCR868K-J SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Byblos building phase URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DFKB975G-3 SC: Technique / Method FR: phase de construction DE: Bauphase Byzantin Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R6QTL2KP-N SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Période byzantine building technique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R3S3XBQV-H SC: Design DO: Archaeology FR: technique de construction Byzantine Empire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XRDTLQL0-L SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History bull FR: Empire byzantin SC: Vertebrate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HV1TXJ6R-2 DO: Archaeology FR: taureau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XSKJM6WZ-R Byzantium SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology bullae FR: Byzance SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H2XZGSRD-0 DO: Archaeology FR: bulle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DK1F7HQ7-J burial SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology FR: sépulture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M7Q9M7MS-W

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 33 CADASTRE

calligraphy SC: Type of document / Type of work C DO: Art FR: calligraphie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NS2177LQ-7 cadastre SC: Type of document / Type of work Cambodia DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: cadastre DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BFQDHMWL-D · Geography FR: Cambodge URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FRTTDDDW-6 Caesarea Maritima Syn: Caesarea Palaestina SC: Toponym Cambyses II FR: Césarée Maritime SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology ES: Cesarea Marítima · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-THHW9LPZ-N FR: Cambyse II URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PX1V6V4Q-4 Caesarea Palaestina → Caesarea Maritima camel SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology Calakmul FR: chameau SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VH5NRH0V-S DO: Archaeology FR: Calakmul URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K23D4CNG-V cameo SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology calcite FR: camée SC: Mineral URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RT3MH92B-P DO: Archaeology FR: calcite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J6X7XN3T-P camp SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology calculi FR: camp SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QG8K8CDT-Q DO: Archaeology FR: calculi URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PT2XX9D1-T canal Syn: channel SC: Building / Infrastructure calendar DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: canal DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QR1PPDDD-2 FR: calendrier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CJKX46MV-3 candelabrum SC: Object calibration DO: Archaeology SC: Analysis / Measure FR: candélabre DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MS1KC4SF-9 FR: calibration URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KMFNHFMV-8 canevas → canvas Caliphate of Córdoba SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology cannon FR: Califat de Cordoue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L8Z2GHV3-H → canon

34 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary CASTLE

canon cardium Syn: cannon SC: Invertebrate SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Prehistory · Religions FR: cardium FR: canon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F6035X3K-W URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SWQ32CQW-2 cardo canon of proportion SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Classification / Nomenclature DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: cardo · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RPJ3TZB6-2 FR: canon des proportions URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HVTV6G9S-H Caria SC: Toponym canopic jar DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: Carie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PJ3JPNLN-7 FR: canope URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FTLNW13B-M carpet SC: Object canvas DO: · Archaeology Syn: canevas · Art SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: tapis DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R6GTLTZD-V · Art FR: toile URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q87PHXBX-N Carthage SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Capernaum FR: Carthage SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JLPWWD0B-0 DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Capharnaüm Carthaginians URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SCBNSJ15-Z SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology FR: Carthaginois capital URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L55NK1MZ-9 SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology FR: chapiteau cartography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N2FLBB7V-Q Syn: map making SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology Cappadocia FR: cartographie SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WVMPR7P2-0 DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Cappadoce cartouche URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9LGKL9X-P SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology FR: cartouche caravan route URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S235VNXC-P SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology FR: route caravanière casket URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KLJMXZ63-K SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: coffret caravansary URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WHLW92G1-Q SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: caravansérail castle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TSS94BH4-8 SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: château URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MTCCT0HZ-8

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 35 CAT

cat cemetery SC: Vertebrate SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: chat FR: cimetière URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F1BD4WGG-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J60Q5DGX-T catacombs cenotaph SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: catacombes FR: cénotaphe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FZHJ8DQW-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SZVRWX7W-B catalogue census SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: catalogue FR: recensement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VHPQM4P0-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CJKD9L2Q-5 cattle Central America SC: Animal SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: bétail · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RT69HNB4-4 FR: Amérique centrale URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FQM0MJBM-K cauldron SC: Object Central Asia DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: chaudron DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WFDXBZS1-1 · Geography FR: Asie centrale URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PVTZKMD4-9 cavalry SC: Function Century 1 AD DO: · Archaeology · History → 1st century AD FR: cavalerie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R22B1J2K-S Century 1 BC cave → 1st century BC SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Century 10 AD FR: grotte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SCDMDH3X-F → 10th century AD cave temple Century 10 BC SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Siècle 10 av. J.-C. FR: temple rupestre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HD56FG2R-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MQ4KJM1H-G

Century 11 AD ceiling → 11th century AD SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology FR: plafond Century 11 BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NGPL1QKC-K → 11th century BC celadon Century 12 AD SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology → 12th century AD · Art FR: céladon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JPRKDZLW-P

36 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary CENTURY 10 BC

Century 12 BC Century 2 BC → 12th century BC → 2nd century BC

Century 13 AD Century 20 AD → 13th century AD → 20th century AD

Century 13 BC Century 20 BC → 13th century BC → 20th century BC

Century 14 AD Century 21 BC → 14th century AD → 21st century BC

Century 14 BC Century 22 BC → 14th century BC → 22nd century BC

Century 15 AD Century 23 BC → 15th century AD → 23rd century BC

Century 15 BC Century 24 BC → 15th century BC → 24th century BC

Century 16 AD Century 25 BC → 16th century AD → 25th century BC

Century 16 BC Century 26 BC → 16th century BC → 26th century BC

Century 17 AD Century 27 BC → 17th century AD → 27th century BC

Century 17 BC Century 28 BC → 17th century BC → 28th century BC

Century 18 AD Century 29 BC → 18th century AD → 29th century BC

Century 18 BC Century 3 AD → 18th century BC → 3rd century AD

Century 19 AD Century 3 BC → 19th century AD → 3rd century BC

Century 19 BC Century 30 BC → 19th century BC → 30th century BC

Century 2 AD Century 31 BC → 2nd century AD → 31st century BC

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 37 CERAMICS

Century 32 BC ceramics → 32nd century BC SC: Object DO: · Archaeology · Art Century 33 BC FR: céramique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q133ZC9F-3 → 33rd century BC

ceramology Century 34 BC SC: Discipline → 34th century BC DO: Archaeology FR: céramologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WZL5RBJ3-N Century 35 BC → 35th century BC cereal SC: Vegetal Century 4 AD DO: Archaeology FR: céréale → 4th century AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PK9S33K4-2

Century 4 BC ceremonial centre → 4th century BC SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology FR: centre cérémoniel Century 5 AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F6SH0MD6-F → 5th century AD ceremony Century 5 BC SC: Activity DO: Archaeology → 5th century BC FR: cérémonie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JXV03QPL-L Century 6 AD → 6th century AD Ceylon → Sri Lanka Century 6 BC → 6th century BC Ch'u SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology Century 7 AD · History FR: Chu → 7th century AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RHHWHKP9-2

Century 7 BC chalcedony → 7th century BC SC: Mineral DO: Archaeology FR: calcédoine Century 8 AD URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G5XCWPMH-6 → 8th century AD Chancas Century 8 BC SC: People / Ethnic group DO: · Archaeology → 8th century BC · History FR: Chancas URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NMVZJZR9-M Century 9 AD → 9th century AD channel → canal Century 9 BC → 9th century BC

38 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary CHOSON DYNASTY

chapel Chile SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: chapelle · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M3S1GMWX-8 FR: Chili URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V2BNHZSH-K chariot SC: Object Chimù Culture DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology FR: char DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BZ04V8FB-F FR: Culture Chimù URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MMQ4FG21-B chariot equipment SC: Object China DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: élément de char DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F08XHS8J-D · Geography FR: Chine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VN9FVP0V-9 chemical analysis SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology China Sea FR: analyse chimique SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XBQM730J-C DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: mer de Chine chemistry URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HHJFNZHQ-B SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · Chemistry chisel FR: chimie SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TGTFGCBB-J DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: ciseau Cheops URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QLZG4CJC-7 SC: Anthroponym FR: Khéops Chola dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MFL9GQ5V-B SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art Chichén Itzá · History SC: Toponym FR: Dynastie Chola FR: Chichén Itzá URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L934C0WL-Z ES: Chichén Itzá URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T8VCX45P-N Chorasmia SC: Toponym Chichimec DO: · Archaeology Syn: Chichimecs · History SC: People / Ethnic group FR: Chorasmie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXZ8HMLW-1 FR: Chichimèque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RVD4NHVV-K Choresmian SC: Glottonym Chichimecs DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics → Chichimec FR: chorasmien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D1WNDVZL-L child SC: Human Choson dynasty DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Multidisciplinary DO: · Archaeology FR: enfant · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L33D9F6F-N · History FR: Dynastie Choson URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WKH1G2DK-Q

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 39 CHRISTIANITY

Christianity cinema SC: Current of thought / Doctrine SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology DO: Art · Religions FR: cinéma FR: christianisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T9SXB0H2-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RGMCNQDG-B

cinerary urn chromatography SC: Object SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: urne cinéraire FR: chromatographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NNBHG8SW-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B95ZSRWR-B

cippus chronicle SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: cippe FR: chronique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CBN2L41F-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JMVDS1KZ-W

citadel chronology SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Temporal concept DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: citadelle · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XN1CCQ2T-6 FR: chronologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XW1155M1-H civil service chrysanthemum → administration SC: Vegetal DO: · Archaeology · Art civilization FR: chrysanthème SC: Activity / Behavior / Society URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L764RRXB-T DO: Archaeology FR: civilisation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z67SF07Q-X church SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: · Archaeology Claros · Art SC: Toponym FR: église DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q4FH9ZN2-S FR: Claros URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BVMSMK8R-Q

Churning of the Milk Ocean SC: Concept Classic DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Art DO: Archaeology FR: Barattage de l'océan de lait FR: Classique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QVH3XVHC-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VGTCTBH9-T

Cilicia Classical Period SC: Toponym SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Cilicie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KLKX4HNZ-8 FR: Époque classique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G4639QM4-4

Cimmerians SC: People / Ethnic group classification DO: Archaeology SC: Classification / Nomenclature FR: Cimmériens DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXB73K0P-S FR: classification URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CZHD8CSX-0

40 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary CODE

clay clepsydra SC: Rock SC: Device / Apparatus DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: argile FR: clepsydre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J2F523VX-3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BV2M5CWK-N clay artefact clergy Syn: clay object SC: Organization / Institution SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: clergé FR: objet en argile URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZSP1SCDV-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DB29N9F1-W climate clay object SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon → clay artefact DO: Archaeology FR: climat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZQ64N6G-H Cleopatra I SC: Anthroponym climatology DO: · Archaeology · History SC: Discipline FR: Cléopâtre I DO: · Archaeology · Meteorology / Climatology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KBXFPQPP-5 FR: climatologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W6NP4J05-9 Cleopatra II SC: Anthroponym cloth DO: · Archaeology · History SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: Cléopâtre II DO: · Archaeology · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HFMKBTF2-R FR: tissu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VVLLSSTR-K Cleopatra III SC: Anthroponym clothing DO: · Archaeology · History SC: Object FR: Cléopâtre III DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P8BFS3V6-7 FR: vêtement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D95KWT8H-4

Cleopatra IV Cnidus SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology → Knidos · History FR: Cléopâtre IV URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N024NHFC-P Coatlicue SC: Divinity DO: · Archaeology Cleopatra VI · Art SC: Anthroponym · Religions DO: · Archaeology FR: Coatlicue · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JR1BLKNV-H FR: Cléopâtre VI URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QTR6TPGQ-0 cock SC: Vertebrate Cleopatra VII DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: coq DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RGTND8XD-6 · History FR: Cléopâtre VII URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TQ373GWB-S code SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Law FR: code URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PWG6V923-3

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 41 CODEX

codex colonnade SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: codex · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W8JC7VT1-Z FR: colonnade URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QBD24X5V-7 coffer SC: Object colony DO: Archaeology SC: Activity / Behavior / Society FR: coffre DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GWJHRN0F-5 FR: colonie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NZJM7L92-4 coffin SC: Object Colossi of Memnon DO: Archaeology SC: Document title / Work title FR: cercueil DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FT2R0N10-L FR: Colosses de Memnon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FMPV74P4-6

Coffin Texts SC: Document title / Work title colossus DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: Textes des Sarcophages DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JD40W756-D FR: colosse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZHD5HF6D-J coin SC: Economic concept or system colour DO: · Archaeology SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic · History DO: · Archaeology FR: monnaie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H4WDV8PZ-M FR: couleur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KT2W9T3J-H collection SC: Type of document / Type of work column DO: · Archaeology SC: Architectural element or structure · Art DO: Archaeology FR: collection FR: colonne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R6GNDDM9-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PMZMKMP5-8 collector comb SC: Function SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: peigne FR: collectionneur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FM8JM2DR-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HB7X323P-S

commerce Colombia → trade SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography computeur analysis FR: Colombie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SMK55GP4-1 → computing colonization computing SC: Activity Syn: computeur analysis DO: Archaeology SC: Discipline FR: colonisation DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FXWJ4X73-T · Multidisciplinary FR: informatique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V2413MN1-R

42 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary CORNELIAN

concubine copper SC: Function SC: Metal DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: concubine FR: cuivre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KF8XTFGT-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PDVQ1S62-X cone copper artefact SC: Object Syn: copper object DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: cône DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NLS76PZP-R FR: objet en cuivre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QL859GSL-3 congress SC: Type of document / Type of work copper object DO: Archaeology → copper artefact FR: congrès URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JJGQ4SK9-R Copt conservation SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: Archaeology SC: Activity FR: copte DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QBTC9GG9-B FR: conservation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PQ5061W2-P copy Constantine SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: copie DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V9L8BM58-3 · History FR: Constantin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KVLCWVTX-K corbelled vault SC: Architectural element or structure constellation DO: Archaeology FR: voûte en encorbellement SC: Celestial object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FT6RVR9J-2 DO: Archaeology FR: constellation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SPXNCHVD-R Cordoba SC: Toponym container DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Object FR: Cordoue DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LDV15PQX-R FR: récipient URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TWL76GXV-M coregency contemporary art SC: Organizational system DO: · Archaeology SC: Idea / Abstraction · History DO: Archaeology FR: corégence FR: art contemporain URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZQNB6JW9-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TXVG3Q5R-C

coring contract Syn: sounding SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: contrat FR: sondage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TMP8C1J5-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QK7GVP46-H convent cornelian SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Mineral DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: couvent · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MPF7LQMR-7 FR: cornaline URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LCZ4GH5S-N

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 43 COROPLASTY

coroplasty cosmology SC: Technique / Method SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: coroplastie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X4W8D656-X FR: cosmologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H1C7Q4J4-V corpus SC: Type of document / Type of work costume DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · History DO: · Archaeology FR: corpus · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LMC0J1WH-4 FR: costume URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JX33WZ3V-1 correspondence SC: Type of document / Type of work cotton DO: · Archaeology SC: Vegetal · History DO: Archaeology FR: correspondance FR: coton URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GDBHC7T2-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C32FFNJ3-6 corrosion court art SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property SC: Work / Document DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: corrosion FR: art de cour URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CWKDP57N-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KDD40HZ0-V cosmetic cowrie SC: Material / Product / Substance → cowry DO: Archaeology FR: fard URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F2V79TKR-P cowry Syn: cowrie cosmetic spoon SC: Object DO: Archaeology Syn: toilet spoon FR: cauri SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FD180VGF-B DO: Archaeology FR: cuiller à fard URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J7P62JQ1-T Coyolxauhqui SC: Divinity DO: · Archaeology cosmetology · Art SC: Discipline · Religions DO: Archaeology FR: Coyolxauhqui FR: cosmétologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F7ZQX9QP-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QH5DHJ6N-8

craft cosmogony → profession SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology · Art craft industry FR: cosmogonie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H0T808CP-T SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: artisanat cosmography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C93C22XP-L SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology · Art craftsman FR: cosmographie Syn: artisan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WSLHQ582-C SC: Function DO: Archaeology FR: artisan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LQND1CB1-M

44 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary CULTURE

cremation cubit SC: Activity / Behavior / Society SC: Metrological object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: crémation FR: coudée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZP3MX280-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q8L4KS64-P

Crete Cufic SC: Toponym SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Crète · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TFPTKC0R-9 FR: coufique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CGRZ6Q4M-V crocodile SC: Vertebrate cult DO: · Archaeology SC: Activity / Behavior / Society · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: crocodile · Religions URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PGNMDH3W-2 FR: culte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TC5WRVFF-6 cross SC: Sign / Symbol cult object DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Art DO: Archaeology FR: croix FR: objet cultuel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R27P54H7-D URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HPBMM157-T crown cultual practice SC: Object SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: couronne · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CF9GF2MG-Q · Religions FR: pratique cultuelle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFPLZF01-V Crusaders SC: Group of individuals DO: · Archaeology cultural artefact · History SC: Work / Document FR: croisés DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z937XFPK-H FR: objet culturel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KZ80SVSX-K crystal SC: Material / Product / Substance cultural department DO: · Archaeology SC: Organization / Institution · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: cristal · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X0B79GWQ-B FR: service culturel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W85QNSTD-1 crystal object SC: Object cultural relation DO: Archaeology SC: Interaction FR: objet en cristal DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RRNZ6VS7-T FR: relation culturelle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V1RR12TX-5 crystallography SC: Technique / Method culture DO: Archaeology SC: Idea / Abstraction FR: cristallographie DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BL0Q6547-8 · Art FR: culture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WF2KJ6VX-M Ctesiphon SC: Toponym FR: Ctésiphon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q8RVQ0GW-5

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 45 CUNEIFORM

cuneiform Cyrene SC: Sign / Symbol SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Cyrène FR: cunéiforme ES: Cirene URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FLT36JKR-T DE: Kyrene URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SWPXNGP1-Q cup SC: Object Cyrus DO: · Archaeology · Art → Cyrus II the Great FR: coupe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SC0BNH7Z-K Cyrus II the Great Syn: Cyrus curator SC: Anthroponym SC: Function DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · History · Art FR: Cyrus II le Grand FR: conservateur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BBTWVLG1-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MCBSGG2Z-W

Cuzco SC: Toponym FR: Cuzco URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SW2DPKZF-J

Cybele SC: Divinity FR: Cybèle ES: Cibeles DE: Kybele URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RSTFXMRQ-9 cylinder seal SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: sceau-cylindre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BBV18643-0 cynegetic SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: cynégétique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NDCKXFZS-8

Cyprus SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Chypre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XCSJW6FG-N

Cyrenaica SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Cyrénaïque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B1LMDWL8-G

46 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary DEAD SEA SCROLLS

Darius I SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology D · History FR: Darius I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NFZLD1BL-5 dagger Syn: dague Dashur SC: Object DO: Archaeology → Dahshur FR: poignard URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J9K3B0BR-C databank SC: Type of document / Type of work dague DO: Archaeology → dagger FR: banque de données URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RDPWKK9B-8

Dahshur database Syn: Dashur SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Dahchour FR: base de données ES: Dahshur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C1C2RCM7-4 DE: Dahschur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XS10B5QX-W dating SC: Analysis / Measure daily life DO: Archaeology SC: Activity / Behavior / Society FR: datation DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S5TS92B9-G · History FR: vie quotidienne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F5PD4XB5-D Daulatabad SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Dakhla Oasis FR: Daulatabad SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L143N30R-J DO: Archaeology FR: oasis de Dakhla URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NX2KRS46-5 David SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology dam · History SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: David DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J7TS998G-L FR: barrage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SZB5VZKQ-C David Kingdom SC: Concept damascening DO: Archaeology SC: Design FR: Royaume de David DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PRBJ29R0-V · Art FR: damasquinage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KX5Z1KTG-X Dead Sea SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology dance · Geography SC: Activity FR: mer Morte DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BDJ53N52-L · Art FR: danse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V5KNDVRP-Q Dead Sea Scrolls SC: Document title / Work title DO: · Archaeology Darius · Religions SC: Anthroponym FR: manuscrits de la mer Morte DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P5S90HF5-0 FR: Darius URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W2SPTZB2-2

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 47 DECIPHERMENT

decipherment Deir el-Medina SC: Activity SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Deir el-Medineh FR: déchiffrement ES: Deir el medina URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NZZL1RSG-0 DE: Deir el-Medina URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DRJP3KZD-6 decoration SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic deity DO: · Archaeology · Art Syn: divinity FR: décoration SC: Concept DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LJJM3H1P-4 · Art · Religions FR: divinité decree URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PKDVDBPL-6 SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: décret demography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WMJHN1Q9-T SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: Archaeology FR: démographie decumanus URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HL14VWHP-5 SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: decumanus demon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S1Z2CB3D-R SC: Concept DO: · Archaeology · Art dedication · Religions SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: démon DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SKZB4347-7 FR: dédicace URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RXTKG65D-9 demonology SC: Current of thought / Doctrine deer DO: · Archaeology Syn: stag · Religions SC: Vertebrate FR: démonologie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L1X2X9D8-4 FR: cerf URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LMXWKDPG-4 demonstration model SC: Object deforestation DO: Archaeology SC: Activity FR: maquette DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MRBHRVVM-B FR: déboisement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MHT5T0GZ-Z demotic SC: Sign / Symbol degradation DO: Archaeology SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property FR: démotique DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J6NRCNP7-L FR: dégradation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZCK28TZF-7 dendrochronology SC: Analysis / Measure deification DO: Archaeology SC: Idea / Abstraction FR: dendrochronologie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FVPKTKJV-R FR: déification URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GFVLH9KL-D dental prothesis SC: Object Deir el-Bahari DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: prothèse dentaire FR: Deir el-Bahari URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SW5RTP3P-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X1R9BRJH-H

48 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary DISK

deportation die SC: Activity SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: dé FR: déportation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q38D054H-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QVWJC01C-9

diet desalination SC: Activity SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Multidisciplinary FR: dessalement FR: alimentation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HSLGWRNT-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X56MGMRN-7 desertion of site dinar SC: Sociocultural phenomenon SC: Economic concept or system DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: abandon de site FR: dinar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J4TQJ8MM-0 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q117TX64-2 destruction diplomacy SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: destruction · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SL6FPBRB-V FR: diplomatie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T89F90TJ-L detection SC: Technique / Method diplomatic gift DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: détection DO: Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CKG4M30K-Q FR: cadeau diplomatique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BHNSQD0H-L deterioration SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property dirham DO: Archaeology SC: Economic concept or system FR: altération DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RCKG2883-N FR: dirham URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TVXN5R38-9 development SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property disease DO: Archaeology SC: Disease FR: développement DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZMWQ9LDL-K FR: maladie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P5H4GD5V-W diadem SC: Object dish DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: diadème DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LDBX6QJG-0 FR: plat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M0GL3Z0Z-G dictionary SC: Type of document / Type of work dishware DO: Archaeology Syn: plates and dishes FR: dictionnaire SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S5B9TCWS-D DO: Archaeology FR: vaisselle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SP3PFPD9-V Didyma SC: Toponym FR: Didymes disk ES: Dídima SC: Object DE: Didyma DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N3953MMZ-W FR: disque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F8XGZKT6-9

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 49 DISTRIBUTION

distribution Dongson Culture SC: Space concept SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Culture de Dong Son FR: répartition DE: Dong-Son-Kultur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q9ZJ1HX8-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DB26214L-B divination donkey SC: Activity / Behavior / Society SC: Vertebrate DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: âne FR: divination URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XG6P2V2K-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BF5TCDJZ-Q divinity door SC: Object → deity DO: Archaeology FR: porte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VTSCFNM6-L document SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology doorsocket FR: document SC: Device / Apparatus URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q4HCK520-8 DO: Archaeology FR: crapaudine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K3N79ZMT-3 documentation SC: Work / Document DO: Archaeology Dor FR: documentation SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BL2D3RN9-H DO: Archaeology FR: Dor URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DQ3WDM8P-1 dog SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology dragon FR: chien SC: Imaginary being / Imaginary animal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WK2NB2QF-K DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: dragon dome URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PBJ19CCH-C SC: Architectural element or structure DO: · Archaeology · Art draughtboard FR: coupole SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQ4SL9VV-B DO: Archaeology FR: damier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GFQ2160D-C domestic activity SC: Activity DO: Archaeology drawing FR: activité domestique SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BRGMP61V-N DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: dessin domestication URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M71QH2CQ-G SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology FR: domestication dromos URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F2RBGNFX-1 SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: dromos donation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WC77P3RV-N SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology · Art drought FR: donation SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T8VG4G5F-X DO: Archaeology FR: sécheresse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J5JJD9SD-6

50 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary DYNASTY 0

drug Dynasty 1 SC: Toxicant → 1st dynasty DO: Archaeology FR: drogue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QWB12NCK-3 Dynasty 10 → 10th dynasty drum SC: Object Dynasty 11 DO: Archaeology FR: tambour → 11th dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BNLQL0N5-D

Dynasty 12 dryed mud → 12th dynasty SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: terre crue Dynasty 13 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q6L4612F-L → 13th dynasty

Dunhuang Dynasty 14 SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology → 14th dynasty FR: Dunhuang URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HRWW2TQ7-N Dynasty 15 → 15th dynasty Dur-Sharrukin SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Dynasty 16 FR: Dur-Sharrukin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M087MM7X-F → 16th dynasty

Durani dynasty Dynasty 17 → Durrani dynasty → 17th dynasty

Dynasty 18 Durrani dynasty Syn: Durani dynasty → 18th dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art Dynasty 19 · History → 19th dynasty FR: Dynastie Durrani URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXGC7LBC-8 Dynasty 2 dwarfism → 2nd dynasty SC: Disease DO: Archaeology Dynasty 20 FR: nanisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LXQ2V7NJ-L → 20th dynasty dye Dynasty 21 SC: Material / Product / Substance → 21st dynasty DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: teinture Dynasty 22 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z6QTV18T-Z → 22nd dynasty

Dynasty 0 Dynasty 23 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology → 23rd dynasty FR: Dynastie 0 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MQ7WJTZB-H

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 51 DYNASTY 0

Dynasty 24 → 24th dynasty

Dynasty 25 → 25th dynasty

Dynasty 26 → 26th dynasty

Dynasty 27 → 27th dynasty

Dynasty 28 → 28th dynasty

Dynasty 29 → 29th dynasty

Dynasty 3 → 3rd dynasty

Dynasty 30 → 30th dynasty

Dynasty 4 → 4th dynasty

Dynasty 5 → 5th dynasty

Dynasty 6 → 6th dynasty

Dynasty 7 → 7th dynasty

Dynasty 8 → 8th dynasty

Dynasty 9 → 9th dynasty

52 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary EDOMITE DYNASTY

eclipse SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon DO: · Archaeology E · Astronomy FR: éclipse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GH5RFG1W-F eagle SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology ecology FR: aigle SC: Discipline URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z7Z1086H-G DO: Archaeology FR: écologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SH0TW6LQ-W Early Classical SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology economy FR: Classique ancien SC: Economic concept or system URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GM20XDR7-7 DO: Archaeology FR: économie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P8HGXHFV-7 Early Formative SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology Ecuador FR: Formatif ancien SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C001WNQK-N DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Équateur Early Horizon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NNN350N9-9 SC: Chronology FR: Horizon Ancien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q7SWWTLM-Z Edfu SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Early post classical FR: Edfou URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LD7P70XR-Q SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Post classique ancien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GSBW2PRK-3 edible plant SC: Vegetal DO: Archaeology earring FR: plante comestible URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N3M6J8ZC-J SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: boucle d'oreille Edo URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NDKLLQBP-W → Edo Period earthquake SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon Edo Period DO: Archaeology Syn: · Edo FR: tremblement de terre · Tokugawa Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TS527M95-L SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art Eastern Zhou dynasty · History SC: Chronology FR: Époque d'Edo DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X30SR3HG-0 · Art · History FR: Dynastie des Zhou orientaux Edomite dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VG7GG8T5-G SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art Ebla · History SC: Toponym FR: Dynastie Édomite FR: Ébla URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TT1CG1RH-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JSWLR8RQ-W

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 53 EDUCATION

education El-Kab SC: Activity SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology FR: El-Kab · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TN5J92DV-F FR: enseignement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M7MP4QQ2-J El-Tod SC: Toponym educational material FR: Tôd SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G9PPVQ0T-C DO: · Archaeology · Education / Education sciences FR: matériel pédagogique Elam URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D7N39G7G-X SC: Toponym FR: Élam egg URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VKLC1K32-2 SC: Structure of living being DO: Archaeology FR: oeuf Elamite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G23WM2HB-7 SC: Glottonym DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics Egypt FR: élamite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K4JKRP5K-F SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Égypte electrolysis URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BN2H0F5F-3 SC: Treatment DO: Archaeology FR: électrolyse Egyptian blue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MLTG2GJ3-V SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: · Archaeology · Art electromagnetism FR: bleu égyptien SC: Analysis / Measure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JT0RWGBL-P DO: Archaeology FR: électromagnétisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HVBS4MFQ-S Egyptian Museum in Cairo SC: Organization / Institution DO: · Archaeology electronic calculator · Art SC: Object FR: musée égyptien du Caire DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GR1FFXWR-1 FR: calculatrice électronique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PHKT0NS5-N

Egyptologist SC: Function electronic sounding DO: Archaeology SC: Technique / Method FR: égyptologue DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CC00PDH8-M FR: sondage électronique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KQB45VL9-6

Egyptology SC: Discipline electronic spin resonance DO: Archaeology SC: Analysis / Measure FR: égyptologie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CKBSQV0V-H FR: résonance de spin électronique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FS1TCJLL-H

Egyptomania SC: Sociocultural phenomenon electrum DO: Archaeology SC: Metal FR: égyptomanie DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q2C41G4L-6 · Art FR: électrum URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N2XD18WM-B

54 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary ENVIRONMENT

electrum artefact enamel artefact SC: Object Syn: enamel object DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: objet en électrum DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q2RDG9TH-Q FR: objet en émail URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WS5RMSP6-J elephant SC: Vertebrate enamel object DO: Archaeology → enamel artefact FR: éléphant URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WW1180P7-1 enamelled paste Elephantine SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: pâte émaillée DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FPXX4ZHZ-2 FR: Éléphantine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DJHD4MXH-K encampment Ellora SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: campement FR: Ellora URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BWJGNK2G-J ES: Ellora URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JBHXP3JT-X enclosure SC: Building / Infrastructure embalming DO: Archaeology SC: Technique / Method FR: enceinte DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DM04Z1XN-3 FR: embaumement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VZ2SKT30-Q encyclopaedia SC: Type of document / Type of work emblem DO: Archaeology SC: Sign / Symbol FR: encyclopédie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LF0RQ8PD-W FR: emblème URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P4J93JVW-Q endogamy SC: Organizational system embroidery DO: · Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work · Ethnology DO: · Archaeology · History · Art FR: endogamie FR: broderie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RR17BRB3-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P40189N3-P

engraving emigration SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Sociocultural phenomenon DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: émigration FR: gravure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FGQFNB9X-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LB62NQD8-S enamel environment SC: Material / Product / Substance SC: Environment DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: environnement FR: émail URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PSQF7W54-1 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RJPCFJD7-F

Ephesos → Ephesus

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 55 EPHESUS

Ephesus Essenian Syn: Ephesos SC: Current of thought / Doctrine SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Éphèse FR: essénien ES: Éfeso URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M02ZZ93B-P DE: Ephesos URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B6XLTJV9-R ethnoarchaeology SC: Discipline epigraphy DO: Archaeology FR: ethnoarchéologie SC: Discipline URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P5C10KX4-8 DO: Archaeology FR: épigraphie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DTNPJ9ZB-R ethnography SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology epistemology · Ethnology SC: Discipline FR: ethnographie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TQCJS9S6-J FR: épistémologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KL78JXNC-D ethnohistory SC: Discipline epitaph DO: · Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work · Ethnology DO: Archaeology · History FR: épitaphe FR: ethnohistoire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KW2QPZD0-L URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XQMD6HWB-V equestrianism ethnology → horse riding SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · Ethnology eroticism FR: ethnologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GVLPRKK3-S SC: Literary pattern / Literary theme DO: · Archaeology · Art ethymology FR: érotisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WDR6NCBH-N → etymology

Erythrea etymology SC: Toponym Syn: ethymology DO: · Archaeology SC: Discipline · Geography DO: · Archaeology FR: Érythrée · Linguistics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GL5JV56R-5 FR: étymologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WV3VFH5F-6 Esarhaddon SC: Anthroponym eulogy ampulla DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · History DO: · Archaeology FR: Assarhaddon · Religions URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V3B5G0P9-C FR: ampoule à eulogie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FXMWLKKP-R esparto ware SC: Object Euphrates DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: sparterie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MR24NJZS-L FR: Euphrate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZ9WZ45D-6 Essenes SC: Group of individuals DO: Archaeology FR: esséniens URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VF6J1ZHT-L

56 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary EYE

European Union expedition SC: Organization / Institution SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Multidisciplinary · History FR: Union européenne FR: expédition URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DTX0W4R9-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SDVX6LQ6-8 evolution exposition SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property → exhibition DO: Archaeology FR: évolution URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B40VN01Z-C extraction → mining ewer SC: Object DO: · Archaeology eye · Art SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid FR: aiguière DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M6KRTJ13-6 · Multidisciplinary FR: oeil URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T8FR77CZ-L ex-voto SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: ex-voto URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PVTGFDZ0-4 excavation SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: fouille URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B3LZPBWB-N excavation report SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: rapport de fouilles URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TS5LMM7Z-N excavation site SC: Space DO: Archaeology FR: chantier archéologique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZ174KGB-Q exchange → barter exhibition Syn: exposition SC: Activity FR: exposition URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G7QPLZG9-D expansion SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property DO: · Archaeology · History FR: expansion URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RR2NTMM7-F

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 57 FAIENCE

Fayum Syn: Faiyum F SC: Toponym FR: Fayoum URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C75W2XS5-S faience SC: Object fecundity DO: · Archaeology SC: Concept · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: faïence · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WDQLNSSR-5 FR: fécondité URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TLHMVSL5-Q Faiyum → Fayum feldspar SC: Mineral DO: · Archaeology falcon · Art · Geology SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: feldspath FR: faucon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FG5B9F2R-W URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W12N991T-1 festival false door stela SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: fête FR: stèle fausse porte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RGVSQ54Q-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JTKF7P6V-B fibula fan SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Object DO: · Archaeology FR: fibule · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T96TG1W5-J FR: éventail URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KCPVHTQ4-K figurine SC: Type of document / Type of work Far East DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology FR: figurine · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QXTKHSV7-L · Geography FR: Extrême-Orient URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XZRG9LJM-X filing → sorting fastener SC: Object film DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: agrafe DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SQWMQC42-T · Art FR: film URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B8DJNTSL-X Fatimid dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology fire · Art SC: Physical phenomenon / Chemical phenomenon · History DO: · Archaeology FR: Dynastie Fatimide · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P3MBDZXP-2 FR: feu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LNDV3VBZ-C fauna SC: Animal firing DO: Archaeology SC: Technique / Method FR: faune DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L86J02BV-J FR: cuisson URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z56015W1-M

58 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary FORTRESS

First Dynasty flood → 1st dynasty SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon DO: Archaeology FR: inondation First Intermediate Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QHGKCS3M-S SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Première Période Intermédiaire flora URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WVXFF0RH-P SC: Vegetal DO: Archaeology FR: flore fish URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PVG85FZF-K SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: poisson flower URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S7RGH3F2-3 SC: Vegetal DO: · Archaeology · Art fishing FR: fleur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MP33BZRV-H SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: pêche foot URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LL5BVVHZ-D SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid DO: · Archaeology · Art fittings · Multidisciplinary SC: Activity FR: pied DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XWHKP3R9-C FR: aménagement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SRQJR127-1 forger SC: Function Five Dynasties DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Art DO: Archaeology FR: faussaire FR: Cinq Dynasties URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JWDFTKG5-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GR98ZT42-8

forgery flag stone SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: dalle FR: faux URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T8H6MPLV-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D91CH564-J flask former USSR SC: Object SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: flacon FR: ex-URSS URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FRF4M9BC-1 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PCJF9PCN-C flax fortification SC: Vegetal SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: lin plante FR: fortification URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CK8GPL00-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TP0W0TJB-7 flint fortress SC: Rock SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: silex FR: forteresse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PG2VB4VT-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JKCSBKT1-4

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 59 FORUM

forum function SC: Building / Infrastructure Syn: office DO: Archaeology SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic FR: forum DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D20V90M4-0 FR: fonction URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QP65N2DK-G foundation SC: Building / Infrastructure funerary art DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: fondation DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VT4J79HS-X · Art FR: art funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BDM823KX-G foundation deposit SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology funerary complex FR: dépôt de fondation SC: Building / Infrastructure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V4HVJ897-B DO: Archaeology FR: complexe funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXNPBPNW-W fountain SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology funerary cone FR: fontaine SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FWZWRQ53-X DO: Archaeology FR: cône funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S7JBDT00-6 France SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology funerary practice · Geography SC: Activity FR: France FR: pratique funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TP6FV3G0-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R5JM5PPG-W fresco funerary rite SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: fresque FR: rite funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L24MNKP7-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N52B35MM-J frieze funerary stela SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Art FR: frise FR: stèle funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J7RL5XMZ-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C5599RHM-2 frit funerary urn SC: Material / Product / Substance SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: fritte FR: urne funéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N13H814M-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SX2LJ50H-X frog furnace SC: Vertebrate SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: fourneau FR: grenouille URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TNZLWHKF-D URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K17GKXVH-P

furniture SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: mobilier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SVWDHLF9-C

60 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary FURNITURE (HOUSE)

furniture (house) SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: ameublement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FBJ91DBZ-J furniture piece → piece of furniture

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 61 GALENA

gas chromatography SC: Technique / Method G FR: chromatographie en phase gazeuse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BW0CMNDL-C galena gazelle SC: Mineral SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: galène · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W5VLN70N-9 FR: gazelle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQ7GVBNB-G

Galilee SC: Toponym gem DO: Archaeology SC: Mineral FR: Galilée DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BMPLMT01-J FR: gemme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W80DTR13-T game SC: Activity genealogy DO: · Archaeology SC: Discipline · Multidisciplinary DO: Archaeology FR: jeu FR: généalogie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WHQ8HXP1-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C3C4401V-1

Gandhāra geoglyph SC: Toponym SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Gandhāra · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BKKN3CGJ-2 FR: géoglyphe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W9MFTL37-G

Ganeśa SC: Divinity geography DO: · Archaeology SC: Discipline · Art DO: · Archaeology · Religions · Geography FR: Ganeśa FR: géographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XGGG9R8P-P URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LQ3S0C7R-J garden geology SC: Environment SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geology FR: jardin FR: géologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SXSW86LZ-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HW25J6N9-3 gargoye geometry → gargoyle SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: géométrie gargoyle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F4HBZ479-6 Syn: gargoye SC: Object DO: · Archaeology geomorphology · Art SC: Discipline FR: gargouille DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q9N4TPDP-M FR: géomorphologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P19NVB7J-K garnet SC: Mineral FR: grenat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T3T7R1K3-8

62 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary GOLD ARTEFACT

geophysics glyph SC: Discipline SC: Sign / Symbol DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Geology FR: glyphe FR: géophysique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RGPP0JJT-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PSZ41GXP-T

glyptics Germany SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: Geography · Art FR: Allemagne FR: glyptique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K1WLSGRW-3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RVRJ73LL-P

Ghaznavid dynasty goblet SC: Chronology Syn: beaker DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Art DO: · Archaeology · History · Art FR: Dynastie Ghaznavides FR: gobelet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WG2QTJQ5-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LF5CH3WH-T

Ghurids god SC: Chronology SC: Concept DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Art · History · Religions FR: Ghurides FR: dieu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FW9W23QS-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S0KND6HV-S giraffe goddess SC: Vertebrate SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: déesse FR: girafe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T2CGDKX6-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NPZ103RM-4

gold glass SC: Metal SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: verre FR: or URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J0RZFDJW-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LQDM9VPW-L glass artefact gold artefact Syn: glass object Syn: gold object SC: Object SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: objet en verre FR: objet en or URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X30J7Q65-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R4XHPJFM-M glass object gold object → glass artefact → gold artefact glossary Golden number SC: Language → Golden ratio DO: Archaeology FR: glossaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HNQ5HM9M-5

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 63 GOLDEN RATIO

Golden ratio Great Britain Syn: Golden number SC: Toponym SC: Concept DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Geography · Art FR: Grande-Bretagne FR: nombre d'or URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HCKNBJH3-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQX398PK-N Greek antiquity goldsmith's art SC: Chronology Syn: plate DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: Antiquité grecque DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JCSHPV8H-7 · Art FR: orfèvrerie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TT0GTZLR-N Greek inscription SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology Gordion FR: inscription grecque SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NLHSJTWS-X FR: Gordion URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TGV0SRTG-J griffin SC: Imaginary being / Imaginary animal graffito DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: griffon FR: graffite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NFZMS4FX-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JFFRTBQP-N Guangdong grammar SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology SC: Language · Geography DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: Guangdong FR: grammaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X3M61H12-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZPMJXT5-R Guatemala granary SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure · Geography DO: Archaeology FR: Guatemala FR: grenier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CKV5M4PP-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HJZ017SM-P granite guide SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Rock DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: guide FR: granite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TZFPR0QR-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DPRBLPNJ-K Gupta granulometry SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology SC: Analysis / Measure · Art DO: Archaeology · History FR: granulométrie FR: Époque gupta URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FKX5BN7T-0 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PK2R86W4-0 grave goods gymnasium SC: Work / Document SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: mobilier funéraire FR: gymnase URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NK9T97HL-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HZK0ZX1N-4

64 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary GYPSUM

gypsum SC: Mineral DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geology FR: gypse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FV02FSZ3-Z

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 65 HADRIAN

handbook SC: Type of document / Type of work H DO: Archaeology FR: manuel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B1BDCKH4-S

Hadrian SC: Anthroponym harem DO: · Archaeology SC: Activity / Behavior / Society · History DO: · Archaeology FR: Hadrien · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MNF19444-P FR: harem URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V92G9G1G-S haematite SC: Mineral harness DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: hématite DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QR10PKR9-1 FR: harnais URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P095W70F-M hagiography SC: Literary genre / Artistic genre harnessing DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Art DO: Archaeology FR: hagiographie FR: harnachement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ML9527WQ-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C8RB8CM0-H hair harp SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: cheveu FR: harpe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SB5X9DWM-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F210LSDG-0 halberd harpoon SC: Object SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: hallebarde FR: harpon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CDGKTNT9-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X010Z23L-R hammam Haryana SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: hammam · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SMLFT6LB-T FR: Haryana URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RK1GRD7Z-G

Han dynasty SC: Chronology Hasmonean DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Art DO: Archaeology · History FR: Hasmonéen FR: Dynastie Han URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FGBS9B5C-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P9CN8R4R-2

Hathor hand SC: Divinity SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Multidisciplinary · Religions FR: main FR: Hathor URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BZ15JRTW-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XKF9N074-L

Hatra SC: Toponym FR: Hatra URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-THGB4T9G-2

66 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary HIEROGLYPH

Hatshepsut Hellenistic Period SC: Anthroponym SC: Chronology FR: Hatchepsout DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FCQDXB7S-N · Art FR: Époque hellénistique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X0ZD0TTR-D headdress SC: Object DO: Archaeology helmet FR: coiffure SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L5KL6NX1-T DO: Archaeology FR: casque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DFFVDZ9M-0 headrest SC: Object DO: Archaeology hemp FR: chevet SC: Vegetal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C6DNJLBM-9 DO: Archaeology FR: chanvre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FJJTSXL0-7 hearth SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Hercule FR: foyer SC: Divinity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BRJLZ333-S DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions heating FR: Hercule URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CVSD4MXT-R SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: chauffage heritage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B4MDFKRF-H SC: Work / Document DO: · Archaeology · Art hedgehog FR: patrimoine SC: Vertebrate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B6TDM50W-6 DO: Archaeology FR: hérisson URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RCCDZKT7-4 hermitage SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Heian Period FR: ermitage SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B058W9ZV-W DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Époque de Heian Hierakonpolis URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NSHKJK2F-1 SC: Toponym FR: Hiérakonpolis URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BZKN22X5-7 Heliopolis SC: Toponym FR: Héliopolis hieratic ES: Heliópolis SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JFWDXN80-7 FR: hiératique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X7BKRVGB-M Helios SC: Anthroponym hieroglyph FR: Hélios SC: Sign / Symbol URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DSH72VDR-W DO: Archaeology FR: hiéroglyphe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z7XVRQN6-6 Hellenism SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: Archaeology FR: hellénisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RR514VZ7-F

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 67 HIGH RELIEF

high relief Hittite SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Glottonym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Linguistics FR: haut-relief FR: hittite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9M4QPNQ-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KDHKTVLH-P

Himalaya Hittite Empire SC: Toponym SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Geography · Art FR: Himalaya · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C2QZ4QTW-N FR: Empire hittite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CDZR7QBZ-R

Hinduism SC: Current of thought / Doctrine Hittites DO: · Archaeology SC: People / Ethnic group · Art DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: Hittites FR: hindouisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DT4KDBNB-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KTH0C69B-J

hoe hippodrome SC: Object SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: houe FR: hippodrome URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QBRZL454-L URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WKWPBP72-K

holography hippopotamus SC: Technique / Method SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: holographie FR: hippopotame URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DQ792WKX-X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V577W31Z-W

homage histology SC: Activity / Behavior / Society SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Biomedical sciences FR: hommage FR: histologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZH74NL2D-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SXJNGWR6-M

Honduras historic study SC: Toponym SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Geography FR: historique FR: Honduras URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MC7W65VF-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JM7SL68N-3 historical geography Horemheb SC: Discipline SC: Anthroponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: géographie historique · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B0JHXS7D-7 FR: Horemheb URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M75MC7W9-2 history SC: Discipline horn DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · History DO: Archaeology FR: histoire FR: corne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FVQTBZCZ-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DSSSX7NS-Q

68 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary HYGROMETRY

horn artefact human body Syn: horn object SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: objet en corne FR: corps humain URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C9RHZWRH-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PN2M7TCZ-7 horn object human remain → horn artefact SC: Structure of living being DO: Archaeology FR: reste humain horse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BXQJP0XH-K SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology human sacrifice FR: cheval SC: Activity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G546K6HS-X DO: Archaeology FR: sacrifice humain horse riding URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XQCS4VX2-M Syn: · equestrianism · riding hunting SC: Activity SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: équitation FR: chasse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z25M1H56-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W154DNQ7-0 horseman Hurrians SC: Function SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: cavalier FR: Hourrites URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J00QP6KT-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FGGRK464-X

Horus hydration SC: Divinity SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: hydratation · Religions URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZD9N8D54-9 FR: Horus URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F86C7TDB-N hydraulics SC: Technique / Method house DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: hydraulique DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B5S14TWJ-F FR: maison URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GV4CX8CG-M hydrography SC: Discipline Huari Culture DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology FR: hydrographie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FS1DDGXJ-B FR: Culture Huari URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CDKBB58N-2 hydrology SC: Discipline Huitzilopochtli DO: · Archaeology SC: Divinity · Geology DO: · Archaeology FR: hydrologie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G6WX8Z1X-4 · Religions FR: Huitzilopochtli URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RFN086GK-Z hygrometry SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Archaeology FR: hygrométrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K1WD0G0Z-G

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 69 HYMN

hymn SC: Literary genre / Artistic genre DO: Archaeology FR: hymne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V8DLH67S-Q hypogeum SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: hypogée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NTX1ZCVM-F hypostyle hall SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: salle hypostyle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G1MJHX5C-R

70 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary IMMORTALITY

Ikhsidid dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology I · Art · History FR: Dynastie Ikhsidides Iberian Peninsula URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PHLFZX0M-Q SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Art Ilkhan dynasty · Geography SC: Chronology FR: péninsule Ibérique DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PF0KDBS8-K · Art · History FR: Dynastie Ilkhane ibex URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H4Q2BQN1-7 SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: bouquetin illicit excavation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G5VLCTWC-V SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: fouille clandestine ibis URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CVQB1GX3-X SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: ibis illuminated manuscript URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MLM9LS2T-V Syn: illumination SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology icon · Art SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: enluminure DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QK8HGKZP-R · Art FR: icône illumination URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DP95CWJ5-N → illuminated manuscript iconoclasm SC: Sociocultural phenomenon illustration DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: iconoclasme DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BP92VNM0-N FR: illustration URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VPQP1CW4-0 iconographic programme SC: Work / Document imagery DO: · Archaeology SC: Work / Document · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: programme iconographique · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FFCK3FM9-L FR: imagerie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FNFRQC3Q-K iconography SC: Discipline immigration DO: Archaeology SC: Activity / Behavior / Society FR: iconographie DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S798ZBT3-P · History FR: immigration URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JZBKHRZ1-V identification SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology immortality FR: identification SC: Concept URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S0LM0MPR-Z DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: immortalité idol URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CST41VSB-M SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: idole Inca URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PPV56B3G-S → Inca Civilization

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 71 INCA CIVILIZATION

Inca Civilization Indology Syn: Inca SC: Discipline SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: indologie FR: Civilisation Inca URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PQBC6PBM-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VBC0QZT3-Q Indonesia incantation SC: Toponym SC: Literary genre / Artistic genre DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Geography FR: incantation FR: Indonésie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H2RWZL1X-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RL6VK5LV-0 incantation bowl Indus Civilisation SC: Object → Indus Civilization DO: Archaeology FR: bol à incantation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZR3N0JK1-W Indus Civilization Syn: Indus Civilisation SC: Chronology Incas DO: Archaeology SC: People / Ethnic group FR: Civilisation de l'Indus DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S31QWLCR-T FR: Incas URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NSRTH7JQ-D industry SC: Design incense DO: Archaeology SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: industrie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GWZTWGGR-6 FR: encens URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L69CL26Z-W influence SC: Activity / Behavior / Society incense burner DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: influence DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TLSXMPRM-Z FR: encensoir URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T2099VSL-8 infrared spectroscopy incineration Syn: infrared spectrum SC: Analysis / Measure SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: spectroscopie infrarouge FR: incinération URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JJB2TX9C-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QVLLJC35-K

infrared spectrum index → infrared spectroscopy SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: index URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KLPZ8ZN8-N ingot SC: Object DO: Archaeology India FR: lingot URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TLTQWPS0-R SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Inde inheritance URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VZ8DXP49-D SC: Economic concept or system DO: History FR: héritage Indo-Islamic Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZCH46Q06-Q SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Période indo-musulmane URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L1T03HQ6-D

72 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary IRANOLOGY

inhumation institution SC: Activity SC: Organization / Institution DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: inhumation · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H7MQ8LV3-L FR: institution URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N6Z773F9-3 ink SC: Material / Product / Substance instrument DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Art DO: Archaeology FR: encre FR: instrument URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VT6MTTV1-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SR7K2HH1-D ink stone intaglio SC: Object SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: pierre à encre FR: intaille URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MT79JXNW-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BL5DSFTF-J inkpot interior decoration SC: Object SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: encrier FR: décoration intérieure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L7D1ZZS6-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XSDHHPGQ-K inlay interpretation SC: Design SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: interprétation FR: incrustation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q159QWL0-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q00Q0RZ3-T

inventory Inner Mongolia SC: Activity SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: inventaire FR: Mongolie Intérieure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D00X8VF1-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F8K249Q3-B

Ionia inscribed bamboo SC: Toponym SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Ionie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C2QDC5DG-N FR: bambou inscrit URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FZFDG2CS-Z Irak inscription → Iraq SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: inscription Iran URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C5FNDJD2-6 SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography institute FR: Iran URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F1B00FW1-N SC: Organization / Institution DO: Archaeology FR: institut Iranology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QQDQDTLD-Q SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: iranologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RTDJWPFS-W

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 73 IRAQ

Iraq isotope Syn: Irak SC: Chemical element / Ion / Isotope / Simple body SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: isotope · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SPQJM11M-6 FR: Irak URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QQ57012P-W isotopic ratio Syn: isotopic relations iron SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic SC: Metal DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: rapport isotopique FR: fer URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S05ZGJ25-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q610598W-X

isotopic relations Iron Age → isotopic ratio SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Âge du Fer Israel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FLC8PTX5-5 SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography iron artefact FR: Israël Syn: iron object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PH00S3KT-X SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: objet en fer Italia URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z9RBW5ZC-D → Italy iron object Italy → iron artefact Syn: Italia SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology irrigation · Geography SC: Technique / Method FR: Italie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GF5DNCV5-C FR: irrigation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PGSX81Q5-R itinerary Ishtar SC: Space concept DO: · Archaeology → Ištar · Multidisciplinary FR: itinéraire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KMDGN89G-N Isiaca SC: Work / Document DO: Archaeology ivory FR: Isiaca SC: Organic material URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VHVVD4HS-M DO: Archaeology FR: ivoire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CB3BDN4L-D Islam SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology ivory artefact · Art Syn: ivory object FR: islam SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQ9QG3GG-P DO: Archaeology FR: objet en ivoire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M973KBQM-C Islamology SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology ivory object FR: islamologie → ivory artefact URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KG3QM0Z8-S

74 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary IŠTAR

Ištar Syn: Ishtar SC: Divinity DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: Ištar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SQPW715B-5

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 75 JADE

jasper SC: Rock J DO: Archaeology FR: jaspe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DC8VTK2Q-9 jade SC: Rock Java DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: jade · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H6CDKBM7-Q FR: Java URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PZ4LVNH1-J jade artefact Syn: jade object Jean-François Champollion SC: Object SC: Anthroponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: objet en jade · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZF9F82PW-9 FR: Jean-François Champollion URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W03ZJCWP-T jade object Jéricho → jade artefact SC: Toponym FR: Jéricho jaguar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S4M50DHB-6 SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology jewel FR: jaguar SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PR27P2X0-S DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: bijou Jahangir URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QK4RQCZB-M SC: Anthroponym FR: Jahangir URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RV4LNSLQ-H Jingdezhen SC: Toponym FR: Jingdezhen Jainism URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BCMZ6T4M-T SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology · Art job · Religions FR: jaïnisme → profession URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KF947357-N joinery Japan SC: Technique / Method SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography FR: menuiserie FR: Japon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BGGQ97NV-3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M0VRV99Z-8 Jordan Japonism SC: Toponym SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology DO: Art · Geography FR: japonisme FR: Jordanie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J6Z2N0XQ-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PZQMQ8DG-5 jar Judaea SC: Object Syn: Judea DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: jarre DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MP5Q4956-P FR: Judée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GBH145RB-G

76 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary JUSTICE

Judaism SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: judaïsme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BLF9FD4Z-8

Judea → Judaea

Judean desert SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: désert de Judée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WBHNZHMR-4 jug SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: gourde URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P4BKLBZG-Q justice SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology FR: justice URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JHTFBW72-0

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 77 KAMAKURA

Kharga Oasis SC: Toponym K DO: Archaeology FR: oasis de Kharga URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JJ10J1RT-L

Kamakura Khmer Period SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology → Lopburi Period FR: Kamakura URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LH95KMV3-N kilim SC: Object Kamakura Period DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: kilim · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VCB93KVP-C · History FR: Époque Kamakura URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R8KM1CML-4 kiln SC: Object DO: Archaeology karkemish FR: four SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TTGQZ7DK-D DO: Archaeology FR: Karkémish URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M5BPJ2M7-4 king SC: Function DO: · Archaeology karst · History SC: Environment FR: roi DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XNZW550W-S FR: karst URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P4WTQBS2-S kingdom SC: Organizational system Kassite dynasty DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · History DO: · Archaeology FR: royaume · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZLG010V0-S · History FR: Dynastie Kassite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RBX93V6H-J Kingdom of Israel SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Kañcīpuram FR: royaume d'Israël SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q543CX4C-5 DO: Archaeology FR: Kañcīpuram URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RPWVLP5J-Z Kingdom of Judah SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology keystone FR: royaume de Juda SC: Architectural element or structure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BPZLMP3N-F DO: Archaeology FR: clef de voûte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BL7NM7XV-X Kingdom of Napata Syn: Napata Khajurāho SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: Royaume de Napata FR: Khajurāho URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K5NB4ZX9-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MLTSV0B3-0

kingship khan SC: Concept SC: Function DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: khan FR: royauté URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R0F8JBFZ-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KZH8P1JR-M

78 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary KYŌTO

kiosk Kushana Empire SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: kiosque · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MVQWDM5F-L · History FR: Empire Kushana URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P0XZHGH9-K knapping workshop SC: Object DO: Prehistory Kushit dynasty FR: atelier de taille SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GJ60SDZJ-K DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Dynastie Kouchite Knidos URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T1472833-N Syn: Cnidus SC: Toponym Kyōto FR: Cnide SC: Toponym ES: Cnido DO: Geography DE: Knidos FR: Kyōto URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L3JVN48T-J URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LD5HP87W-T knife SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: couteau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J760ZKW9-J

Koran SC: Document title / Work title DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: Coran URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PB6MKL7B-7

Korea SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography FR: Corée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PJQMSNHG-Q

Koryo dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie Koryo URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G2DNTTKD-S kudurru SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: kudurru URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NB8P41D5-X kurgan SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: kourgane URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MHSPKRNX-D

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 79 LABEL

language SC: Language DO: · Archaeology L · Linguistics FR: langue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G13W383M-9 label SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology Laos FR: étiquette SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QCG38NMF-H DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Laos laboratory URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TZS7V1DF-W SC: Organization / Institution DO: Archaeology FR: laboratoire lapis-lazuli URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D7WKDFFT-4 SC: Rock DO: · Archaeology · Art lacquer FR: lapis-lazuli URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HLF1QCKG-P SC: Organic material DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: laque laqueware artefact URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KSVQKDLL-X Syn: laqueware object SC: Object DO: Archaeology lake FR: objet en laque SC: Environment URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WWW2FPBS-R DO: Archaeology FR: lac laqueware object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZ5NTCSJ-3 → laqueware artefact lama SC: Vertebrate Larsa DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: lama FR: Larsa URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q6K9MRH0-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZQ5GSHFR-Z

Lamaism Late Classical SC: Current of thought / Doctrine SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: Classique terminal FR: lamaïsme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JXHHG3MV-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MXSK34NG-V

Late Formative lamp SC: Chronology SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Formatif récent FR: lampe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BQKB2RQG-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C73NVQ2Q-V

Late Period land surveying SC: Chronology SC: Analysis / Measure DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: arpentage FR: Basse Époque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JS90Z6ZT-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PCJ6KVSC-D landscape Late post classical SC: Environment SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: Post classique récent FR: paysage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FWVCZ7XB-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CP6N91K1-Z

80 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LEXICOCRAPHY

Latin leather object SC: Glottonym → leather artefact DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: latin legend URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KHSBX9TD-S SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art Latin inscription FR: légende SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JXP2X9PT-S DO: Archaeology FR: inscription latine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZT6JB21P-8 legion SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology latrines FR: légion SC: Building / Infrastructure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JG1KN5P9-G DO: Archaeology FR: latrines URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FLH9ZMZ4-S legislation Syn: législation lava SC: Juridical concept / Principle of law DO: Archaeology SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: législation DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X98TQQ5H-W FR: lave URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MX7BPMWR-8 législation law → legislation SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: Humanities and social sciences FR: loi leprosy URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M5D6MRXQ-4 SC: Disease DO: Archaeology FR: lèpre lead URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W1CZFH36-D SC: Metal DO: Archaeology FR: plomb letter URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VLX3N05B-F SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology FR: lettre lead artefact URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q14J3K4G-W Syn: lead object SC: Object DO: Archaeology Levant FR: objet en plomb SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SZ9XZB2W-V DO: Archaeology FR: Levant URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W325BXDB-P lead object → lead artefact Levantine art SC: Work / Document DO: Archaeology leather FR: art levantin SC: Organic material URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WL357MVC-1 DO: Archaeology FR: cuir URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HH7R45Q5-D lexicocraphy SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology leather artefact · Linguistics Syn: leather object FR: lexicographie SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X4HJGMTH-S DO: Archaeology FR: objet en cuir URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HBN0SW38-D

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 81 LIAO DYNASTY

Liao dynasty linen SC: Chronology SC: Organic material DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Liao FR: lin tissu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VVFVR4JM-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q142Q5CG-F

Liao Empire linga SC: Chronology SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: linga · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PZGXBXL0-7 FR: Empire Liao URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QKCG62PW-B linguitics SC: Discipline libation DO: · Archaeology SC: Activity · Linguistics DO: · Archaeology FR: linguistique · Religions URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KRK16ZJL-8 FR: libation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RMR3XS60-L lintel SC: Architectural element or structure library DO: Archaeology SC: Organization / Institution FR: linteau DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FV3L80QR-G FR: bibliothèque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K6KCW9WP-B lion SC: Vertebrate Libya DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: lion · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S3FF2V2M-3 FR: Libye URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LV503VN9-L list SC: Type of document / Type of work lighthouse DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: liste DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QRX12GNF-G FR: phare URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LGPNCQTG-3 literature SC: Discipline lighting DO: · Archaeology SC: Device / Apparatus · Art DO: Archaeology · Literature FR: éclairage FR: littérature URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P4WRTBWJ-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KJTG91ZH-G limes lithic industry SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: limes · Prehistory URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BVTDFV9K-5 FR: industrie lithique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QM8JM1SG-M limestone SC: Rock lithic tool DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: calcaire DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V2BL37TK-N FR: outillage lithique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XMRJM37V-Z

82 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LYOPHILIZATION

lithophone Luxembourg SC: Object SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: lithophone · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NSGFMWLX-M FR: Luxembourg URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZCLGHX7V-1 localization SC: Activity Luxor DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: localisation DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HQ1W73HF-D FR: Louxor URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z10KR722-J locket SC: Object Lycia DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: médaillon bijou DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QJ5BV7MM-V FR: Lycie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W32T583F-7

Lopburi Period Syn: Khmer Period Lydia SC: Chronology SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Lydie FR: Période de Lopburi ES: Lidia URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FV0TKJ2P-L DE: Lydien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JL2DBRTZ-C lost-wax casting SC: Design lyophilization DO: · Archaeology SC: Technique / Method · Art DO: Archaeology FR: fonte à la cire perdue FR: lyophilisation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JKKBN0F1-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q7WND2K6-J lotus SC: Vegetal DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: lotus URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N348JB4N-8 low-relief SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: bas-relief URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9XJXHFD-V

Luristan SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Luristan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HS0WHNDH-0 lustre SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: lustre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LJPH4M8R-7

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 83 MAAT

Maitreya SC: Divinity DO: · Archaeology M · Art · Religions FR: Maitreya Maat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D37M0B36-4 SC: Toponym FR: Maât URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VBS91MJC-R maize SC: Vegetal DO: Archaeology mace FR: maïs URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BFR4WB2Z-Q SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: masse d'arme Majapahit URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NS9BPCN9-8 → Majapahit Empire mace head SC: Object Majapahit Empire DO: Archaeology Syn: Majapahit FR: tête de massue SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQBDQ7W9-L FR: Royaume de Majapahit URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DPFGC690-3 madrasa SC: Building / Infrastructure Malaysia DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: madrasa DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QNS5TXG6-R · Geography FR: Malaisie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D1WLGWG4-M Maedieval Period → Medieval Period malnutrition SC: Disease magic DO: Archaeology SC: Idea / Abstraction FR: malnutrition DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CBNVCR3H-M FR: magie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MRL4RHLF-0 Mamluk dynasty SC: Chronology magnetism DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Physical phenomenon / Chemical phenomenon · History DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Mamelouke FR: magnétisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BG90Z50H-0 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BCFTL1KJ-4

man magnetometer SC: Human SC: Device / Apparatus DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Multidisciplinary FR: magnétomètre FR: homme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N7M5DL2S-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N8HK0KWS-2

Mahābalipuram Manchu SC: Toponym SC: Glottonym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Mahābalipuram · Linguistics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MP2L9NX9-2 FR: mandchou URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZTK7XM88-Q

84 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary MASADA

Mandaean marble artefact SC: Glottonym Syn: marble object DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Linguistics DO: Archaeology FR: mandéen FR: objet en marbre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RS7GK019-D URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZGRSC60D-M mandala marble object SC: Type of document / Type of work → marble artefact DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: mandala Marduk URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SWF5Z462-4 SC: Divinity DO: · Archaeology · Art Manethon · Religions FR: Marduk SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H5CKCP54-G DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Manéthon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WP0QS6L8-R Margiana SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Manicheism FR: Margiane URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CSGVK1BZ-X SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: manichéisme Mari URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BT3X6NBH-C SC: Toponym FR: Mari URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZJFDJS1M-P manufacture SC: Activity DO: Archaeology Marina el-Alamein FR: fabrication SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RXGV296G-R FR: Marina el-Alamein URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JVPW35XZ-Q manuscript SC: Type of document / Type of work mark DO: Archaeology SC: Sign / Symbol FR: manuscrit DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XQHQNJNG-R FR: marque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V1NH0G5S-9 map SC: Type of document / Type of work market DO: Archaeology SC: Economic concept or system FR: carte DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HJCFBN1S-P · Art FR: marché URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MXDSFVLS-V map making → cartography marriage SC: Activity / Behavior / Society marble DO: Archaeology FR: mariage SC: Rock URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RD2F0D2Z-3 DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: marbre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ST1FLH4M-9 Masada SC: Toponym FR: Massada DE: Masada URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z5JRDB4V-T

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 85 MASK

mask Maurya SC: Object → Maurya dynasty DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: masque Maurya dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GSRM9T7F-H Syn: Maurya SC: Chronology mastaba DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Building / Infrastructure · History DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Maurya FR: mastaba URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LRN6WG1T-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TBBDJT3C-D

mausoleum master of animals SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Literary pattern / Literary theme DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: mausolée FR: maître des animaux URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CWGBB71X-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M420D9H2-X

Maya mat → Maya Civilization SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: natte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HL3ZHQZ2-2 Maya Civilization Syn: Maya SC: Chronology material DO: Archaeology Syn: materials FR: Civilisation Maya URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DPDG6Q62-6 SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: matériau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H9H06BGT-J Mayas SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology materials FR: Mayas URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XF0X50DS-K → material

Mayria dynasty mathematics SC: Chronology SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Dynastie Mayria · Mathematics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-THCFXGBC-D FR: mathématiques URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MLJT7HX3-8 Mazdaism Mathura School SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology SC: Current of thought / Doctrine · Religions DO: · Archaeology FR: mazdéisme · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DMKCJVBB-P FR: école de Mathura URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KN01PXC9-3 Mañjuśrī Mathurā SC: Divinity FR: Mañjuśrī SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MV77GW6X-L FR: Mathurā URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CZ5ZZ83X-8 measurement matriarchy SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology SC: Organizational system FR: mesure DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MHSCRDMG-W FR: matriarcat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z5C8PWR9-4

86 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary MESOAMERICA

medallion Megiddo SC: Architectural element or structure SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Megiddo FR: médaillon architecture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R9R9D92R-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F8LHF872-P

Meidum medecine SC: Toponym SC: Discipline FR: Meïdoum DO: · Archaeology ES: Meidum · Biomedical sciences FR: médecine DE: Meidum URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JX3NLZNT-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SW59417D-0

Medes Meiji SC: Chronology SC: People / Ethnic group DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: Mèdes · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N7NH72P7-G FR: Meiji URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HTQCX03H-6 Median Empire SC: Chronology Memphis DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Art · History FR: Memphis FR: Empire mède URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VZ2SP40G-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XXGRKG04-Z Menes medical papyrus SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work · History DO: Archaeology FR: papyrus médical FR: Ménès URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B0DGZ5X5-3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LNXV4XFS-W

Medieval Period mercenary SC: Function Syn: · Maedieval Period DO: · Archaeology · Middle Ages · History SC: Chronology FR: mercenaire FR: Époque médiévale URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CXQDDBG4-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MJV6WD04-2

Meroitic Mediterranean Basin SC: Glottonym SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: méroïtique FR: bassin méditerranéen URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M2H98HLN-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PX6GT5F0-7

Merowe Mediterranean Sea SC: Toponym SC: Toponym FR: Méroé DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QMLC8W75-Z · Geography FR: mer Méditerranée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LG8J0TKL-7 Merv SC: Toponym megalith FR: Merv URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J09ZJ9DS-Z SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: · Archaeology · Prehistory FR: mégalithe Mesoamerica URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LCXF7F64-3 SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Mésoamérique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VMWXQV7V-0

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 87 MESOPOTAMIA

Mesopotamia microprobe SC: Toponym SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Mésopotamie FR: microsonde URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L2MS1SS0-D URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W8DFRJH9-9 metal microrest SC: Metal SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: métal FR: microreste URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZPXFBKMB-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BLK6BGB3-M metal object microscopy SC: Object SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: microscopie FR: objet en métal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S8S8G9SC-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NSKFTSWF-F

Middle Ages metallography → Medieval Period SC: Analysis / Measure DO: · Archaeology · Metallurgy FR: métallographie Middle Classical URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XQVZP9LT-1 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Classique moyen metallurgy URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XK12H2VK-X SC: Design DO: Archaeology FR: métallurgie Middle Formative URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZFMQKCWS-D SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Formatif moyen methodology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S133R990-9 SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: méthodologie Middle Kingdom URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PWXDWZJV-V SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Moyen Empire metrology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F09WSX6R-2 SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: métrologie Middle post classical URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T89LLVQJ-8 SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Post classique moyen Mexico URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WC9GBBW0-C SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography Middle-Assyrian Period FR: Mexique SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FLDD9CP4-3 DO: Archaeology FR: Époque médio-assyrienne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DRXSNXWH-5 microlith SC: Object DO: · Archaeology migration · Prehistory SC: Sociocultural phenomenon FR: microlithe DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N8RMSH90-4 · History FR: migration URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J54KF719-Q

88 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary MINIATURE

mihrab millet SC: Architectural element or structure SC: Vegetal DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: mihrab FR: millet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WZNJ4Q0V-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XJKMPF8V-4 milestone millstone SC: Object SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: borne milliaire FR: meule URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RKPTF0TB-0 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HGPTR6K7-Q

Miletos Min → Miletus SC: Glottonym FR: min URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TLTNDQRD-5 Miletus Syn: Miletos minaret SC: Toponym FR: Milet SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DE: Milet FR: minaret URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SSPW19HV-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B6PN5QLW-4 milk mine SC: Food SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Multidisciplinary FR: lait FR: mine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M2VMSFRL-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GKXD12Q4-R mill mineral SC: Mineral SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: moulin FR: minéral URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VZJK0WDF-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XNF7DXBX-W

Millenium 1 AD mineralogy SC: Discipline → 1st millenium AD DO: · Archaeology · Geology FR: minéralogie Millenium 1 BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QXTK9CJ6-D → 1st millenium BC Ming dynasty Millenium 2 BC SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology → 2nd millenium BC · Art · History FR: Dynastie Ming Millenium 3 BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MGNT3JFP-7 → 3rd millenium BC mingqi Millenium 4 BC SC: Type of document / Type of work → DO: · Archaeology 4th millenium BC · Art FR: mingqi Millenium 5 BC URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G8R5W53C-3 → 5th millenium BC miniature SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: miniature URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XN37XW3P-V

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 89 MINING

mining monastery Syn: extraction SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: monastère · Multidisciplinary URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZZVZV60J-5 FR: extraction URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LKHJ34MK-M monasticism Syn: monachism mirror SC: Current of thought / Doctrine SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: miroir FR: monachisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X68CJX22-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RH8WB45R-X

Mitanni money circulation SC: Toponym SC: Economic concept or system DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Mitanni · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WHLDHZNZ-0 FR: circulation monétaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G13J0LGT-H

Mithra SC: Divinity Mongolia FR: Mithra SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S33NMT3V-R DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Mongolie model URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z59HD5LV-B SC: Work / Document DO: · Archaeology · Art Mongols FR: modèle SC: People / Ethnic group URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LSJ1KM7D-D DO: Archaeology FR: Mongols URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DLK7C09B-T Moghol dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology monk · History SC: Function FR: Dynastie Moghole DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RWRRN4PD-5 FR: moine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q5QL5WHX-V

Moghol Empire SC: Chronology monkey DO: · Archaeology SC: Vertebrate · Art DO: · Archaeology · History · Art FR: Empire moghol FR: singe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L25VHN3X-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JXHL998V-D molten glass monograph SC: Material / Product / Substance SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: pâte de verre · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TMTC1BKR-B FR: monographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZ3RZNQ6-M

Momoyama Period SC: Chronology monolith FR: Période Momoyama SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G28M88PC-P DO: Archaeology FR: monolithe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K1PZCQJD-R monachism → monasticism

90 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary MUMMY CARTONNAGE

monotheism mosque SC: Current of thought / Doctrine SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: mosquée · Religions URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TZ2S6ZJ1-Z FR: monothéisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DS2BB7K7-F mother of pearl SC: Organic material monument DO: · Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: nacre · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z570D72C-S FR: monument URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XD1BBLF4-J mould SC: Object moon DO: Archaeology SC: Celestial object FR: moule DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SJWSDXSW-5 · Art FR: lune URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FPC3ZPMV-Q moulding SC: Design DO: Archaeology Morocco FR: moulage SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DRTTDW58-G DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Maroc mound URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MCNJ94DG-B SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology morphology FR: tumulus URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GD9XLTXC-C SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Archaeology FR: morphologie mud artefact URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KT080VFL-B SC: Object DO: Archaeology mortality FR: objet en terre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DRD5QBTL-3 SC: Biological phenomenon / Physiological phenomenon DO: · Anthropology · Archaeology FR: mortalité mud brick URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZV9GQ869-J SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: brique crue mortar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P0133ZVX-1 SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: mortier mummification URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QVX7169S-2 SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: momification mortuary temple URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RND4GXJN-T SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: temple funéraire mummy URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JWV6M5TF-6 SC: Structure of living being DO: Archaeology FR: momie mosaic URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R8HCTL3D-X SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art mummy cartonnage FR: mosaïque SC: Material / Product / Substance URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KC64BMXV-C DO: Archaeology FR: cartonnage de momie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WCHPVGBD-L

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 91 MUMMY LABEL

mummy label myth SC: Object SC: Idea / Abstraction FR: étiquettes de momie DO: · Anthropology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K787VG2T-1 · Archaeology · Art FR: mythe Muromachi Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RFSTJJ01-H SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art mythology · History SC: Idea / Abstraction FR: Époque de Muromachi DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C7GVQ7R4-6 FR: mythologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZQLSF8KB-T museology SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: muséologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JN9KBMHK-J museum SC: Organization / Institution DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: musée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S2B55FWC-8 music SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: musique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QD3SMZL7-2 musical instrument SC: Object DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: instrument de musique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P6FJDRN8-X

Muslims SC: Group of individuals DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: musulmans URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VVFWD406-W

Myanmar → Burma myrrh SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: myrrhe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L6SHPR4L-7 mystery SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: Archaeology FR: mystère URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z4QC84FW-8

92 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary NAVIGATION

Naram-Sin SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology N · History FR: Naram-Sin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TVDSG3SM-K Nabataeans SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology narghile FR: Nabatéens SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WQCR6CZH-H DO: Archaeology FR: narghileh URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P6RNM9ZX-8 Nabatene SC: Toponym Nasrid FR: Nabatène URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JMKNJL8M-C → Nasrid dynasty nacre artefact Nasrid dynasty SC: Object Syn: Nasrid DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology FR: nacre objet DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LQL2TXPW-0 · History FR: Dynastie Nasride URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W4RQTFPZ-S nail SC: Object DO: Archaeology National Museum of Phnom Penh FR: clou SC: Organization / Institution URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TM1M92MG-S DO: Archaeology FR: musée national de Phnom Penh URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J3M88V0Z-Z name SC: Concept DO: Archaeology natron FR: nom SC: Material / Product / Substance URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CKZMHMGN-T DO: Archaeology FR: natron URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LDN17BFK-8 naos SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology natural catastrophe FR: naos → natural disaster URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CKM6FZT2-J

Napata natural disaster Syn: natural catastrophe → Kingdom of Napata SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon DO: Archaeology FR: catastrophe naturelle naphtha URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TC86PNXH-6 SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: naphtes natural mummification URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BMBP6TBH-Q SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property DO: Archaeology FR: momification naturelle Nara URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D7HRWJ96-T SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Art navigation FR: Nara SC: Activity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DTGPRZF7-S DO: Archaeology FR: navigation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SC5LJP0L-3

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 93 NAZCA CULTURE

Nazca Culture Nepal SC: Chronology SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Culture Nazca · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZHBM1BV7-L FR: Népal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PGZ1JPDC-8 necklace SC: Object Nestorianism DO: Archaeology SC: Current of thought / Doctrine FR: collier DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NJ98BXNN-Z FR: nestorianisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PKKKNTCL-H necropolis SC: Building / Infrastructure net DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: nécropole DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V58FP43Q-L · Art FR: filet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RCRVZN25-W Nectanebo II SC: Anthroponym FR: Nectanébo II netsuke URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SHP620PM-0 SC: Object DO: · Archaeology · Art needle FR: netsuke URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DD8MH7K5-Q SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: aiguille netting URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XSMZ915D-C SC: Object DO: Archaeology Nefertari FR: résille URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQ4N19ZK-K SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Néfertari neutron activation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QSFQ4CXL-R SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology FR: activation neutronique Nefertiti URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZFX2GDD3-7 SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History New Kingdom FR: Néfertiti SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FKNK5GNJ-D DO: Archaeology FR: Nouvel Empire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FS4FML3H-M Neo Assyrian Empire SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology New Mexico FR: Empire néo assyrien SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RXP4FK0R-Z FR: Nouveau-Mexique ES: Nuevo Mexico URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P1X753QZ-S Neo-Babylonian Empire SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology New Testament FR: Empire néo-babylonien SC: Document title / Work title URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M8MXM38V-C DO: Archaeology FR: Nouveau Testament URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXNNBHG7-T Neobabylonian SC: Glottonym DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: néobabylonien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FN0S48PB-S

94 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary NYMPHAEUM

Nguyen dynasty North Africa SC: Chronology SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography · History FR: Afrique du Nord FR: Dynastie Nguyen URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DW3MV9LF-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WJRV39S1-W

North America Nile Delta SC: Toponym SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Geography · Geography FR: Amérique du Nord FR: delta du Nil URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KFQJ89PH-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JLBB50BM-9

Northern Song Nile Valley SC: Chronology SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography · History FR: vallée du Nil FR: Song du Nord URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KNVCCJJH-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X61BZQ81-4 nilometer Nout SC: Object SC: Divinity DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: nilomètre · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DJCL2WZ2-0 · Religions FR: Nout URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DTKJ7M3Z-9 Nineveh SC: Toponym FR: Ninive Nubia URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q9K73TW1-1 SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Nubie nomad URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FB16GQ3M-H SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Archaeology FR: nomade number URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SNJ197HM-B SC: Mathematical concept DO: · Archaeology · Mathematics nomadism FR: nombre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W3D59RS5-0 SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology FR: nomadisme numismatics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GGLDJXC2-5 SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology nomarch FR: numismatique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MZL436XB-S SC: Function DO: Archaeology FR: nomarque nymphaeum URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DDLTD60J-S SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology nome FR: nymphée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KP0FS2MP-4 SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology FR: nome URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q1V2J9L9-Q nomenclature SC: Classification / Nomenclature DO: Archaeology FR: nomenclature URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V39XMHKZ-K

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 95 OASIS

oenochoe SC: Object O DO: Archaeology FR: oenochoé URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZD7B1RQT-C oasis SC: Environment offering DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: oasis DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R6R9D7JX-8 · Religions FR: offrande URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FV2FW955-W Oaxaca SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology offering table FR: Oaxaca SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V33X77G8-2 DO: Archaeology FR: table d'offrandes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N2WRFF3C-Z obelisk SC: Type of document / Type of work office DO: Archaeology FR: obélisque → function URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WD62F3B9-2

official observation SC: Function SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: observation · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BZVCVTVX-6 FR: fonctionnaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TCH0TQ01-W observatory SC: Building / Infrastructure official seal DO: Archaeology Syn: stamp (object) FR: observatoire SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WD09SBBX-P DO: Archaeology FR: sceau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SKBCRLZS-0 obsidian SC: Rock DO: Archaeology oil FR: obsidienne SC: Organic material URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J07PKPM2-1 DO: Archaeology FR: huile URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BRWTD007-R obsidian artefact Syn: obsidian object SC: Object oil mill DO: Archaeology SC: Activity FR: objet en obsidienne DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T6RTG4D3-L FR: huilerie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QBKBW74H-8 obsidian object → obsidian artefact oil press SC: Object DO: Archaeology odontology FR: pressoir à huile URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LNNTCP13-B SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · Otorhinolaryngology / Stomatology / Dentistry FR: odontologie ointment URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BBR229Z3-8 SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: onguent URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K5HXKSJK-1

96 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary ORNAMENT

Old Babylonian Period orant SC: Chronology SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Période paléo-babylonienne FR: orant URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J4P79D2K-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GKV20812-T

Old Kingdom oratory SC: Chronology SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Ancien Empire FR: oratoire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WVWXXH7F-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G4LR1C15-J

Old Testament organization SC: Document title / Work title SC: Organizational system DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: organisation FR: Ancien Testament URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T6VBWQL4-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KK74SKCT-K

organization of research Olmecs Syn: research organization SC: People / Ethnic group SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Olmèques FR: organisation de la recherche URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F1SQ0Q6S-1 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JX50HN6N-4 onomastic Orientalism SC: Discipline SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics · Art FR: onomastique FR: orientalisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TTCJW741-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MRG1XMMS-0 ophtamology Orientalist SC: Discipline SC: Function DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Ophtalmology · Art FR: ophtalmologie FR: orientaliste URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KFJGT2SX-J URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V3D6FFPN-2 optical microscopy orientation SC: Analysis / Measure SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: microscopie optique FR: orientation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G9JGL8PJ-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PK6S9HHK-5 oracle origin SC: Idea / Abstraction SC: Temporal concept DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: origine FR: oracle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J8RQDJBK-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GRV2215C-H

ornament oracle bone SC: Object SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: os oraculaire FR: parure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z7910BDD-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M7FGBK98-K

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 97 ORTHOSTAT

orthostat SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: orthostate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MXX59772-1

Osiris SC: Divinity FR: Osiris URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DR9T0HC5-2 ossuary SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: ossuaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CM0TFHZ4-Z ostotheca SC: Structure of living being DO: Archaeology FR: ostothèque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XNWC4QZQ-4 ostraca SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: ostraca URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFJR9GD6-1 ostrich SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: autruche URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V85DKR89-6

Ottoman Empire SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Empire ottoman URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GXR58V99-B

98 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary PALLAVA DYNASTY

palaeoclimatology SC: Discipline P DO: Archaeology FR: paléoclimatologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V4PV2T6N-R pagoda SC: Building / Infrastructure palaeoecology DO: · Archaeology SC: Discipline · Art DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: paléoécologie FR: pagode URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N9TNL1XK-P URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WK5B2JN8-6

palaeography Pahari painting SC: Discipline SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology FR: peinture Pahari · Linguistics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K5P4K3PP-G FR: paléographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9K5NMN4-8 painter Palaeologic dynasty SC: Function DO: · Archaeology → Palaiologoi dynasty · Art FR: peintre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VL04KHWP-B Palaiologoi dynasty Syn: Palaeologic dynasty painting SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work · Art DO: · Archaeology · History · Art FR: Dynastie paléologue FR: peinture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KBJMDD99-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BS32LM0N-M

palanquin painting materiels SC: Object SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Art FR: palanquin FR: peintre instrument URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXCC8Q6T-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VWR9HNCH-7

Palestine palace SC: Toponym SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Palestine FR: palais URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RLWVD5ML-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JZ0F8QSQ-D

Palestinians palaeoanthropology SC: People / Ethnic group SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Palestiniens FR: paléoanthropologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LB0DSJ78-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N5VPBQVV-G

palette Palaeobabylonian SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Glottonym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: palette URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P8P6ZR7J-G FR: paléobabylonien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D5QL40CS-Z Pallava dynasty palaeobotany SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology SC: Discipline · Art DO: Archaeology · History FR: paléobotanique FR: Dynastie Pallava URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DL0HRT4T-1 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G81HV58V-7

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 99 PALM TREE

palm tree parchment SC: Vegetal SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: palmier FR: parchemin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HNV6NQBS-P URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FZF5VRP9-K

Palmyra Parthian Kingdom SC: Toponym SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Palmyre FR: royaume Parthe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BNW32G0K-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M3RBG9NP-V palynology Parthians SC: Analysis / Measure SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: palynologie FR: Parthes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFZC4FPR-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NTF03DCB-R

Pamphylia pathography SC: Toponym SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Pamphylie FR: pathographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V06LRCP0-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KV10XMC5-R panel pathology SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Disease DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: panneau FR: pathologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R7LJ4QT0-2 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JK6975CW-D pantheon pavement SC: Idea / Abstraction SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: panthéon FR: pavement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QFRBRP04-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L9N0PRH4-V paper pavilion SC: Organic material SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: pavillon FR: papier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LSLKTGZQ-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GBS8QCFR-M

paving papyrology SC: Architectural element or structure SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: dallage FR: papyrologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W870CGGH-1 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XQWCQBPZ-V

peace papyrus SC: Idea / Abstraction SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: paix FR: papyrus URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SR6GHWKB-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MTV8N60Z-7

pectoral parallel SC: Object SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: pectoral FR: parallèle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HB2SN20B-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GD1M6FCN-D

100 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary PESTLE

pedagogic card periplus SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: fiche pédagogique FR: périple URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M6FS38X1-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X4CL533M-W pedagogy Persepolis SC: Discipline SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology FR: Persépolis · Education / Education sciences URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WJDLZGZ1-7 FR: pédagogie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QTCTBGG9-Z Persia SC: Toponym pedestal DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: Perse DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D8314186-P FR: piédestal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M4BMRKZ8-K Persian domination SC: Chronology pedology DO: Archaeology SC: Discipline FR: Domination perse DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BGZ8XP6L-9 FR: pédologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XSKJ5QNR-D Persian Empire SC: Chronology pendant DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Art DO: Archaeology · History FR: pendentif FR: Empire perse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LP2LKZTB-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KPJDVD99-D

Pepi I Persian Gulf → Pepy I SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography Pepy I FR: golfe Persique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WCHR0VPC-7 Syn: Pepi I SC: Anthroponym FR: Pépi Ier Persian Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M4FMJH1G-C SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Période perse perfume URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TH0HW1MM-1 SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: parfum perspective URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DP2GGW23-V SC: Technique / Method DO: Art FR: perspective perfume burner URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NTH4JTSR-R SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: brûle-parfum Peru URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q3BV11LB-M SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography Pergamon FR: Pérou SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KLMFT76F-T DO: Archaeology FR: Pergame URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CBRWSDJ7-X pestle SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: pilon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W2MHHZ9K-V

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 101 PETRA

Petra Phoenician SC: Toponym SC: Glottonym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Pétra · Linguistics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QM324W4Q-F FR: phénicien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G7ZTB0KP-D petroglyph SC: Type of document / Type of work Phoenician colony DO: Archaeology SC: Space concept FR: pétroglyphe DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CCSLS2D0-3 FR: colonie phénicienne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G3Z08WKM-B petrography SC: Discipline Phoenicians DO: Archaeology SC: People / Ethnic group FR: pétrographie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q3WK0ZB6-M FR: Phéniciens URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QHTS7Z5G-9

Pharaoh SC: Function phosphate DO: Archaeology SC: Chemical compound FR: pharaon DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X6B0C9WR-D FR: phosphate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XP17C6LJ-V pharmacopoeia SC: Drug photogrammetry DO: · Archaeology SC: Analysis / Measure · History of sciences and technology DO: Archaeology FR: pharmacopée FR: photogrammétrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BTLKL388-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TNQRJGF0-X

Philae photography SC: Toponym SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: Philae DO: Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J3G00VTQ-1 FR: photographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P7C936WC-D

Philippines SC: Toponym Phrygia DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Geography DO: Archaeology FR: Philippines FR: Phrygie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PXPK9LKQ-V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SLZL2CWR-8 philology Phrygians SC: Discipline SC: People / Ethnic group DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Linguistics FR: Phrygiens FR: philologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RJHLT5DG-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R6KB5520-H

physical analysis philosophy SC: Analysis / Measure SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: analyse physique · Philosophy URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J2T6HH9Q-F FR: philosophie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SM2WV3BZ-V physical anthropology SC: Discipline Phoenicia DO: · Anthropology SC: Toponym · Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: anthropologie physique FR: Phénicie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RJQWZ1MP-P URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HJB39LRQ-9

102 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary PLAN

physician pin SC: Function SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: médecin FR: épingle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LK0CRF1S-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S5KSHLGV-B physicochemical analysis pipe SC: Analysis / Measure SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: analyse physicochimique FR: pipe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GW255GQV-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M60G4N3F-Q pictogram pirogue coffin SC: Sign / Symbol SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: pictogramme FR: cercueil pirogue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LPLKVH9D-P URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BRSC9277-4 piece of furniture pisé Syn: furniture piece SC: Material / Product / Substance SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: pisé · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T3HNTSB0-H FR: meuble URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CT6581GJ-C Pisidia SC: Toponym pig DO: Archaeology SC: Vertebrate FR: Pisidie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q90H9CKB-N FR: porc URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JBM9ZMM1-M pit SC: Building / Infrastructure pigment DO: Archaeology SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: fosse DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MJ9WH4F0-J · Art FR: pigment URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BMCNMJJP-2 pitcher SC: Object DO: Archaeology pilgrimage FR: cruche SC: Activity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JZKT0M3Z-Q DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: pèlerinage pithos URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F3JHV5DD-K SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: pithos pillar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BMH4TD2C-L SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology FR: pilier pithouse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BDNRHB83-C SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: pithouse pillow URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RSBD47B9-R SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: oreiller plan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MSNS3LD6-X SC: Space concept DO: Archaeology FR: plan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DHS0CVNZ-7

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 103 PLANNING

planning politics SC: Technique / Method SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: relevé FR: politique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q52G6FF2-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D52TZLRF-J plaque polytheism SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: plaque · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MGN66G7D-0 · Religions FR: polythéisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F4FM0V34-H plaquette SC: Object DO: Archaeology pomp FR: plaquette SC: Idea / Abstraction URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JMXJ8QDJ-J DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: apparat plaster URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TGHH4MTJ-T SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology FR: plâtre populating URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M593PTQ3-P SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property DO: Archaeology FR: peuplement plate URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JR30SHRJ-0 → goldsmith's art population plates and dishes SC: Group of individuals DO: Archaeology → dishware FR: population URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XZ3RLNB2-3 platform SC: Building / Infrastructure porcelain DO: Archaeology SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: plate forme DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V2D4F13V-Q · Art FR: porcelaine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q863DBTK-M plundering SC: Activity DO: Archaeology port FR: pillage SC: Building / Infrastructure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PQFFHRWR-Q DO: Archaeology FR: port URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XGM5KR70-H poetry SC: Literary genre / Artistic genre DO: Archaeology portico FR: poésie SC: Building / Infrastructure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KGCKQZGM-N DO: Archaeology FR: portique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FQ6M4F8N-H polarized light microscopy SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology portrait FR: microscopie en lumière polarisée SC: Literary genre / Artistic genre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WDQV8XQM-H DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: portrait police URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M60PB711-D SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology FR: police URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZCBQTQXK-8

104 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary PRISONER

Portugal presentation SC: Toponym SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Geography · Art FR: Portugal FR: présentation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V9ZSVLBR-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XGDNMB25-P

Post-Angkorian Period preservation SC: Chronology SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Période post-angkorienne FR: préservation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R9NCZXB4-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FWKCKVDQ-3

Post-classic preventive conservation SC: Chronology SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Post-classique FR: conservation préventive URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WVG086D6-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KXLG9ZBF-6 potter priest SC: Function SC: Function DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: potier · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CBLQT2MQ-M · Religions FR: prêtre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F74PG0Q3-C potter wheel SC: Object DO: Archaeology priestess FR: tour de potier SC: Function URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D5B50PR3-R DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions potter's workshop FR: prêtresse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TPTSR99J-X SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: atelier de potier priesthood URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N6RVN5F9-L SC: Function DO: Archaeology prayer FR: sacerdoce URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HWZGTZPR-2 SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology · Literature print · Religions FR: prière → seal impression URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NR8NWZ07-T

printing Pre-Angkorian Period SC: Design SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: Période pré-angkorienne · History of sciences and technology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QDSVC8BR-9 FR: imprimerie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SWVPPG86-R

Precolombian SC: Chronology prisoner DO: Archaeology SC: Function FR: Précolombien DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MS5DDQ5F-C FR: prisonnier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NCZ08NBB-M predynastic SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Prédynastique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G3L0891V-R

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 105 PRIVATE PROPERTY

private property Psammetichus I SC: Juridical concept / Principle of law Syn: · Psammeticus I DO: Archaeology · Psamtik I FR: propriété privée SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GJ53X8J4-H FR: Psammétique Ier ES: Psamético I profession DE: Psammetich I. URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SGVWDP7N-3 Syn: · craft · job SC: Activity Psammetichus II DO: Archaeology FR: métier Syn: · Psammeticus II URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SQK09QTT-C · Psamtik II SC: Anthroponym FR: Psammétique II program ES: Psamético II SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DE: Psammetich II. DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H954MBJP-M FR: programme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GDWLN7XC-K Psammeticus I → Psammetichus I project SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology Psammeticus II FR: projet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X6HBWKL8-D → Psammetichus II

Psamtik I proportion SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic → Psammetichus I DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: proportion Psamtik II URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GRZS35CL-Z → Psammetichus II prosopography pseudonym SC: Work / Document SC: Language DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: prosopographie FR: pseudonyme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R1QGRG6L-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B7G8BGFZ-H protome Psusennes I SC: Object SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: protome FR: Psousennès I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GD77PVWQ-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LSRR22M7-L proton activation psychostasia SC: Analysis / Measure SC: Concept DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: activation protonique · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N41KHMS4-8 · Religions FR: psychostasie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JLKLMRLR-X psalter SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology Ptah · Art SC: Divinity · Religions DO: · Archaeology FR: psautier · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MNQJCLW4-3 · Religions FR: Ptah URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MK2B1109-2

106 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary PYXIS

Ptolemaic Period publication SC: Chronology SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Période ptolémaïque · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MD5ZZ8PB-S FR: publication URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HDXVXNG8-M

Ptolemy I Soter Punic SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology → Punic Civilization · History FR: Ptolémée I Sôter URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LNHQX06R-K Punic Civilization Syn: Punic Ptolemy II Philadelphus SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: Civilisation punique DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WSTBW4TC-D · History FR: Ptolémée II Philadelphe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R2H5SRFV-M purification rite SC: Activity Ptolemy IV Philopator DO: · Archaeology · Religions SC: Anthroponym FR: rite de purification DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K1Q6T136-9 · History FR: Ptolémée IV Philopator URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X9P18QM1-6 purple SC: Material / Product / Substance Ptolemy V Epiphanes DO: Archaeology FR: pourpre SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-THS1Z3CG-3 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Ptolémée V Épiphane URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CKTWV8JX-Q pylon SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Ptolemy VI Philometor FR: pylône URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SXNFCFCS-S SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Ptolémée VI Philométor pyramid URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFDPF33P-Q SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: pyramide Ptolemy XII Auletes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CC9B0N9R-K SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History Pyramid Texts FR: Ptolémée XII Aulète SC: Document title / Work title URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LCX1NJ8L-G DO: Archaeology FR: Textes des Pyramides URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HW54RRXZ-1 public SC: Function DO: Archaeology pyramidion FR: public SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K5M7TZ97-N DO: Archaeology FR: pyramidion URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V7MSHKGN-X public building SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology pyxis FR: bâtiment public SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DK4F9ZWT-X DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: pyxide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FG3LRDJP-M

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 107 PĀLA DYNASTY

Pāla dynasty SC: Chronology FR: Dynastie Pāla URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DPNVZDX7-W

108 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary QUIVER

Qing dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology Q · Art · History FR: Dynastie Qing Qajar dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S0RJV91P-6 SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art quarry · History SC: Environment FR: Dynastie Quadjar DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q05N6PL5-M FR: carrière URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VV0CR8L6-9 qanat SC: Building / Infrastructure quarter DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: qanat DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QFK4GK80-F FR: quartier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J5VQQV06-V

Qatabanian Syn: Qatabanite quartz SC: Glottonym SC: Rock DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Linguistics FR: quartz FR: qatabanite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F2DDCQB1-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZRG9H4RT-F quartzite Qatabanite SC: Rock → Qatabanian DO: Archaeology FR: quartzite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HXHQ115L-4 Qatna SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Quebec FR: Qatna SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JM2Q4GW3-H · Geography FR: Québec Qianlong URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CR8DBVD4-1 SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History queen FR: Qianlong SC: Function DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XCG5M9VP-C · History FR: reine qibla URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HPXWL2RT-Q SC: Space concept FR: qibla quiver URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQC22GPX-3 SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: carquois Qin dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q9H0R8CL-M SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie Qin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WMF3D20Z-0

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 109 RADIOCARBON DATING

Ramses III SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology R · History FR: Ramsès III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQ2MC6LT-V radiocarbon → radiocarbon dating Ramses IV SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology radiocarbon dating · History Syn: radiocarbon FR: Ramsès IV SC: Analysis / Measure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GZF3LMG3-Z DO: Archaeology FR: datation radiocarbone URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FM0LLGPW-0 Ramses IX Syn: Ramsesses IX SC: Anthroponym radiography DO: · Archaeology SC: Analysis / Measure · History DO: Archaeology FR: Ramsès IX FR: radiographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZHZJ60CB-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F0ZJ5RS7-C

Ramses V ram SC: Anthroponym SC: Vertebrate DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: bélier FR: Ramsès V URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z9FM6495-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TSWVZ1TV-D

Ramesseum Ramsesses IX SC: Document title / Work title → Ramses IX DO: Archaeology FR: Ramesseum URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z4SNZ5C6-9 razor SC: Object Ramessid Period DO: Archaeology FR: rasoir SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HB8V224F-K FR: Époque ramesside URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GSCPC96N-B reconstitution SC: Technique / Method rampart DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: reconstitution DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N0VJ57SJ-H FR: rempart URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KW7CMTLL-P reconstruction SC: Activity Ramses DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: reconstruction DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZM7Q401X-7 · History FR: Ramsès I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J8001L4J-1 recording SC: Type of document / Type of work Ramses II DO: Archaeology FR: enregistrement SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RC8R3MBR-4 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Ramsès II records URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GH2MQS3D-K → archives

110 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary RHYTON

Red Sea representation SC: Toponym SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Geography · Art FR: mer Rouge FR: représentation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R58565BG-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NDM4X01L-L reign rescue excavation SC: Temporal concept SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: fouille de sauvetage FR: règne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N14S0RHC-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C7LCNWVF-C

research organization relation → organization of research Syn: relations SC: Interaction DO: · Archaeology resin · History SC: Organic material FR: relation DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D544MP9G-V FR: résine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XHB6C76L-5 relations → relation resistivity SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Archaeology relationship FR: résistivité SC: Interaction URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XD2P7358-S DO: Archaeology FR: parenté URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LSQ56B24-L restoration SC: Treatment DO: · Archaeology relic · Art SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: restauration DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XFWZFB5Z-F · Religions FR: relique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GSFDZWLH-D reuse SC: Activity DO: Archaeology relief FR: remploi SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L1XRV5LQ-X DO: Art FR: relief URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LJJSTFSW-1 reused block SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology religion FR: bloc de remploi SC: Current of thought / Doctrine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W6CZDCX2-J DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: religion Rhodes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P2242H5P-N SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Rhodes religious organization URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZH00B40Z-5 SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology FR: organisation religieuse rhyton URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZVT7D25B-C SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: rhyton remote sensing URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K93FQK90-C SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology FR: télédétection URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QCJZDF6H-X

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 111 RICE

rice rock art SC: Vegetal SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: riz · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FHS0K45X-3 FR: art rupestre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H104N3J3-K riding → horse riding rock crystal SC: Mineral DO: Archaeology right (law) FR: cristal de roche URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HNWW4QK5-H SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: droit rock painting URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GCCD209G-2 SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art ring FR: peinture rupestre SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D2HVKCXW-8 DO: Archaeology FR: anneau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K3PLRSZ0-N rock relief SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology rite · Art SC: Activity / Behavior / Society FR: relief rupestre DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BJHFC7XQ-8 · Religions FR: rite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JW0Q7GT5-D Roman antiquity SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology ritual FR: Antiquité romaine SC: Activity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T7S1LZF0-N DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: rituel Roman Empire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MPMZN2C1-C SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art river · History SC: Environment FR: Empire romain DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QL9C3S2Z-S FR: fleuve URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZXHBS6R1-H Romans SC: People / Ethnic group river navigation DO: Archaeology SC: Activity FR: Romains DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LZ33WS1T-F FR: navigation fluviale URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BKM5QLHQ-N roofing SC: Object road DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: toiture DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LWMHCFD2-2 FR: route URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R16Q142J-2 rope SC: Object rock architecture DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: corde DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SDG35R4Q-M FR: architecture rupestre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z11P6963-X

112 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary RUBBING

rosette SC: Object DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: rosette URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S6MVN6VB-T

Royal Archives SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: Archives royales URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SQWF26HH-Q rubbing SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: estampage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQQJPR7S-P

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 113 SABRE

salt SC: Chemical compound S DO: Archaeology FR: sel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NRG7XGPF-C sabre salt work SC: Object DO: Archaeology → saline FR: sabre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B8WK32B2-L salvage SC: Activity sacred animal DO: Archaeology SC: Animal FR: sauvetage DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W30XGK7K-Q · Religions FR: animal sacré URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TFWHTWST-7 Samanid dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology sacred lake · Art SC: Space concept · History DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Samanide FR: lac sacré URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WTX498C9-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H1JL962D-X

Samaria sacred tree SC: Toponym SC: Vegetal DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Samarie FR: arbre sacré URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G5CB5WHT-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JXDVG1GM-X

Samarkand sacrifice SC: Toponym SC: Activity FR: Samarcande DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H1FPJJZC-7 FR: sacrifice URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N9NGSTZL-P samurai SC: Organizational system saddle FR: samouraï SC: Object DO: Archaeology ES: samurái FR: selle DE: Samurai URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B3XRB1F6-W URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T7S55HJC-V

Safavid dynasty sanctuary SC: Building / Infrastructure Syn: Safavids DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology FR: sanctuaire · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CVBTRJWS-5 · History FR: Dynastie Séfévide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W3D33LZ3-C sandal SC: Object DO: Archaeology Safavids FR: sandale URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NM7T20HS-6 → Safavid dynasty

sandstone saline SC: Rock Syn: salt work DO: · Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure · Art DO: Archaeology FR: grès FR: saline URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N318XW9X-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L2Q7DZ23-X

114 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary SCROLL

Saqqara scanning electron microscopy Syn: Saqqarah SC: Analysis / Measure SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: microscopie électronique à balayage FR: Saqqara URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S7T9LPRR-N URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CZ41KSW8-W scarab Saqqarah SC: Animal → Saqqara DO: Archaeology FR: scarabée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BQWM0677-Q Sarapis → Serapis scaraboïd SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Archaeology sarcophagus FR: scaraboïde SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQQR44JB-2 DO: Archaeology FR: sarcophage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WW1TX5XH-B sceptre SC: Object DO: · Archaeology Sargon I · Art SC: Anthroponym FR: sceptre DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JJ00XFG4-6 · History FR: Sargon I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KF2T4MJZ-W schist SC: Rock DO: Archaeology Sargon II FR: schiste SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M67FFTVQ-K DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Sargon II science URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V5XWFDPL-V SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · History Sargon III · Multidisciplinary SC: Anthroponym FR: science DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RZW8CJDT-Z · History FR: Sargon III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LTZ93FS8-6 screen SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Sarnāth FR: paravent SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V5F6JKWH-N FR: Sarnāth URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M8GVBLJ3-T scribe SC: Function Sasanid dynasty DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology FR: scribe DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GM34CLVK-L · Art · History FR: Dynastie Sassanide scroll URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HNGTNSK5-0 SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art satrap FR: rouleau SC: Function URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B1TBVJM6-S DO: · Archaeology · History FR: satrape URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P0DGV7QC-K

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 115 SCULPTOR

sculptor seashore SC: Function SC: Environment DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: littoral FR: sculpteur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L0B1JR2Z-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LCZRSP4R-K

seat sculpture SC: Object SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: siège · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JVDCN6PB-1 FR: sculpture URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QRRPX48D-W Second Intermediate Period SC: Chronology sculpture in the round DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: Deuxième Période Intermédiaire DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D8W8V180-3 · Art FR: ronde bosse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GZDJG3CF-P Second Malla Period SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology Scythians · Art SC: People / Ethnic group FR: Seconde Époque Malla DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DS4N131W-8 FR: Scythes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JVG3FVF5-S Second Persian domination SC: Chronology sea DO: · Archaeology SC: Environment · History DO: · Archaeology FR: Seconde domination perse · Multidisciplinary URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QKC436JH-X FR: mer URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R0LTVF1P-N sediment SC: Soil Sea Peoples DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: sédiment DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R1Z4GCFQ-P FR: Peuples de la mer URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SM053LPH-Q sedimentology SC: Discipline sea route DO: · Archaeology SC: Space concept · Geology DO: · Archaeology FR: sédimentologie · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G3QXZK3Z-8 FR: route maritime URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GPQ5SMRV-T Sekhmet SC: Divinity seal FR: Sekhmet SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WD0NZV30-3 DO: Archaeology FR: cachet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G7JR0HQ5-2 Seldjukid dynasty Syn: Seljukid dynasty seal impression SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology Syn: print · Art SC: Type of document / Type of work · History DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Seldjoukide FR: empreinte URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HW5WZ55N-Q URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VNDPJ3BV-Q

116 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary SEWER

Seleucid dynasty Serapis SC: Chronology Syn: Sarapis DO: · Archaeology SC: Divinity · Art FR: Sérapis · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GN3CZVP4-K FR: Dynastie Séleucide URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B5BSJ45G-7 seriation Seljukid dynasty SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology → Seldjukid dynasty FR: sériation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T6MK1513-L semantics SC: Discipline serpentine DO: · Archaeology SC: Mineral · Linguistics DO: · Archaeology FR: sémantique · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JRQBSN74-9 · Geology FR: serpentine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W8VJ7T29-6 Sennacherib SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology Sesostris III · History → Senusret III FR: Sennachérib URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S2JN0RJT-6 Seth sensor SC: Divinity DO: · Archaeology SC: Device / Apparatus · Art DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: capteur FR: Seth URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JDTCR232-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CVTWWDF5-G

Senusret I Sethy I SC: Anthroponym Syn: · Seti I DO: · Archaeology · History · Sety 1 FR: Sésostris I SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M108XL2X-Z · History FR: Séthi I Senusret II URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SX346F1J-L SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology Seti I · History FR: Sésostris II → Sethy I URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X274CH4T-Q settlement Senusret III SC: Space concept Syn: Sesostris III DO: Archaeology SC: Anthroponym FR: habitat DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HMQ36CV1-W · History FR: Sésostris III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MV9G9H9T-D Sety 1 → Sethy I Septimius Severus SC: Anthroponym sewer FR: Septime Sévère SC: Building / Infrastructure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XTGV01FP-9 DO: Archaeology FR: égout URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MNZTLZC7-F

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 117 SEXUALITY

sexuality shell industry SC: Activity / Behavior / Society SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Multidisciplinary FR: industrie coquillière FR: sexualité URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KWLR935M-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FWF868DN-B

shell object shaft tomb → shell artefact SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: tombe à puits URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NB9M81SR-1 shelter SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: Archaeology Shah Jahan FR: abri SC: Anthroponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C7LQ2GGB-M FR: Shah Jahan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VNRQ7TFX-3 sherd SC: Type of document / Type of work Shahr-i Sokhta DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: tesson DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D7XPB1B3-G FR: Shahr-i Sokhta URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZZRMJNL0-L shield SC: Object Shang dynasty DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology FR: bouclier DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VSFTVNLQ-H · Art · History FR: Dynastie Shang ship URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TTRRD1TH-W → boat

Shapur I SC: Anthroponym shoe FR: Shapur Ier SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GFZ6LF31-L DO: Archaeology FR: chaussure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DJRSDDW4-Q shawabti SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology shore FR: oushebti SC: Environment URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NSDQL3SF-2 DO: Archaeology FR: rivage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QJRTTW5H-5 sheep SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology Shore Temple FR: mouton SC: Document title / Work title URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q1LXCFZK-2 DO: Archaeology FR: Temple du Rivage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CHQ3S0JF-5 shell SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid DO: Archaeology shroud FR: coquillage SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LBDHNPZN-3 DO: Archaeology FR: linceul URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QSB4576W-P shell artefact Syn: shell object sickle SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: objet en coquillage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F4PHSBPL-H FR: faucille URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G79BKNCW-R

118 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary SMALL COLUMN

Sidon situla SC: Toponym SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Sidon FR: situle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HSTV531J-0 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N50L7S8F-P sieving Six Dynasties SC: Technique / Method SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: tamisage · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FBNRGZ3K-J · History FR: Six Dynasties URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SH2R82QW-4 silk SC: Organic material DO: · Archaeology skeleton · Art SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid FR: soie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9ZMV85H-K FR: squelette URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D1NN8617-R

Silk Road SC: Space concept skull DO: · Archaeology SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid · Art DO: Archaeology FR: route de la soie FR: crâne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FSHLVZZP-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CW7H6V4R-4 silo slavery SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: silo · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CPBL2K48-Z FR: esclavage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DR5P67FV-L silver SC: Metal Slovakia DO: · Archaeology SC: Toponym · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: argent · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VGVVDLP4-F FR: Slovaquie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XHZCWGK3-C silver artefact Syn: silver object Slovenia SC: Object SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: objet en argent · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TXKJD1F7-M FR: Slovénie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PH5MNNS1-X silver object small boat → silver artefact SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: barque sinology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S3F0B99J-4 SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: sinologie small column URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S1QHLWHQ-T SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology FR: colonnette sistrum URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RWF1BQ6F-X SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: sistre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NJCNLVHJ-G

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 119 SMELTING FURNACE

smelting furnace Sogdian SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: haut-fourneau FR: Sogdiane URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B989TC4L-1 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KXBQFF15-P snake soldier SC: Vertebrate SC: Function DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: serpent FR: soldat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JDCWF7TL-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D5CBRN01-8 snuffbox Solomon SC: Object SC: Anthroponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: tabatière · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M9V4GN4B-9 FR: Salomon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PQTQ4BR9-1

Sobek SC: Divinity Solomon Kingdom DO: · Archaeology SC: Concept · Art DO: Archaeology · Religions FR: Royaume de Salomon FR: Sobek URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VLD7WV4K-C URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q3NW1WSV-M

Song dynasty social organization Syn: Sung dynasty SC: Organizational system SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: organisation sociale · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PGTBQ5R0-H · History FR: Dynastie Song URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BTG6ZL9M-S social structure SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology sorghum FR: structure sociale SC: Vegetal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NFVZV622-J DO: Archaeology FR: sorgho URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SRZ762ZC-8 society SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology sorting FR: société Syn: filing URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WPKM27GG-8 SC: Classification / Nomenclature DO: Archaeology FR: classement society and institute URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z4H4Z1R3-G SC: Organization / Institution DO: Archaeology FR: société et institut souk URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VVWQTHTV-5 SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: souq sociology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TCN67FBJ-Q SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology · Sociology sounding FR: sociologie → coring URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q5MP42SD-M

120 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary SPUR

South America spectrometry SC: Toponym SC: Analysis / Measure DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Geography FR: spectrométrie FR: Amérique du Sud URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M97JS31V-T URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DWD7XJZD-5

sphinx South Asia SC: Imaginary being / Imaginary animal SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Geography FR: sphinx FR: Asie du Sud URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q8SL3FBZ-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XWQDW612-0

spindle wheel South-East Asia SC: Object SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: fusaïole · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F7QSKPZD-9 FR: Asie du Sud-Est URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P09PJ5L2-S spiral SC: Concept Southern and Northern Dynasties DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: spirale · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PZMMFNRM-N FR: Dynasties du Nord et du Sud URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S7HZZXXK-4 spit SC: Object Southern Song DO: Archaeology SC: Chronology FR: broche à rôtir DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CM6FDBBR-F · Art · History FR: Song du Sud spoon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KJZK2W9W-T SC: Object DO: Archaeology Spain FR: cuiller URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HLHS1XCJ-0 SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Espagne sport URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HLP0NNW7-9 SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: sport spatula URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NZV0G5BV-S SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: spatule Spring and Autumn Period URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZRT5XZTK-H SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art spear FR: Période Printemps et Automne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JX6DCV1L-N SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: lance spur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HDM4CQWK-S SC: Object DO: Archaeology spearhead FR: éperon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WR3XJR7H-C SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: pointe de lance URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VF3M351B-Z

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 121 SRI LANKA

Sri Lanka state Syn: Ceylon SC: Organization / Institution SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: état · Geography URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SHRC9CFK-T FR: Sri Lanka URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HCK9J6Q3-X statistics SC: Technique / Method stag DO: Archaeology → deer FR: statistique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PJDF0ZH2-J stained glass window statuary SC: Object DO: · Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work · Art DO: · Archaeology FR: vitrail · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V64K4XX9-4 FR: statuaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DS6ZVP39-3 staircase statue SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology SC: Type of document / Type of work FR: escalier DO: · Archaeology · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GKRNJFMR-D FR: statue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZJH0JC27-Q stamp Syn: stamp (mark) statuette SC: Object SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: estampille · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M9DCBB3W-G FR: statuette URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M1KS4L5S-F stamp (mark) → stamp status SC: Function DO: · Archaeology stamp (object) · Multidisciplinary → official seal FR: statut URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZZ1XR61B-N stamp (philately) steatite SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Rock DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: timbre FR: stéatite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H5W21HL2-P URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WCMS2NBD-L stand steatite artefact → support Syn: steatite object SC: Object DO: Archaeology standard banner FR: objet en stéatite SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZTGSHM8L-6 DO: Archaeology FR: étendard URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L5TPPB7S-R steatite object → steatite artefact star SC: Celestial object DO: · Archaeology steel · Art SC: Metal FR: astre DO: · Archaeology · Metallurgy URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K85WX8CS-F FR: acier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GT8RGH30-1

122 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary SUDAN

steel artefact story Syn: steel object SC: Literary genre / Artistic genre SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: récit FR: objet en acier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LTNG7FNG-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GNQ6SFKM-F Strait of Gibraltar steel object SC: Toponym → steel artefact DO: Archaeology FR: détroit de Gibraltar URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K9LLVJJH-M stela SC: Type of document / Type of work stratigraphy DO: Archaeology FR: stèle SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RLC1LJ93-9 FR: stratigraphie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P06WKRHH-T stick SC: Object street DO: Archaeology FR: bâton SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZPV0D310-S FR: rue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LLJ4WJXD-C stielting SC: Design strontium DO: Archaeology FR: fonderie SC: Chemical element / Ion / Isotope / Simple body URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VP9TSVDW-P FR: strontium URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T8QTCGFH-K stirrup stucco SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Material / Product / Substance FR: étrier DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W11HCR0L-9 FR: stuc URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K9JH7BF1-7 stone stupa SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: pierre DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F475K736-L FR: stupa URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H1N5762Q-X stone object style SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic FR: objet en pierre DO: · Archaeology · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DSCK9PQS-L FR: style URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFKKVCFL-0 storage SC: Building / Infrastructure stylistics DO: Archaeology FR: réserve SC: Discipline DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BMTKBRZV-B · Art FR: stylistique storehouse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MFC70ZLJ-S SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Sudan FR: magasin SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K67Q1JHF-X DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Soudan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZWRGQ7JD-X

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 123 SUFISM

Sufism support SC: Current of thought / Doctrine Syn: stand DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Religions DO: · Archaeology FR: soufisme · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T56B8179-N FR: support URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KBGMPQ7V-M Sui dynasty SC: Chronology surgery DO: · Archaeology SC: Discipline · Art DO: · Archaeology · History · Surgery FR: Dynastie Sui FR: chirurgie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C5KC0XXJ-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TK93LQ61-B

Sumerian survey SC: Glottonym SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Linguistics FR: prospection FR: sumérien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NZ6NF8NJ-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D1HPHKRH-1

Susa sun SC: Toponym SC: Celestial object DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: Suse · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XZBCCL33-8 FR: soleil URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S5D8N64P-G sutra sundial SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology SC: Object · Religions DO: Archaeology FR: sutra FR: cadran solaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P8V7B4N2-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FFSNM5LG-G

Sung dynasty Swat Valley SC: Toponym → Song dynasty DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: vallée de Swat supernova URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQ6LFGWX-N SC: Celestial object DO: · Archaeology · Astronomy swing plough FR: supernova Syn: swing plow URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CMR3B7RJ-1 SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: araire Suppiluliuma II URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z2JRZR2K-6 SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History swing plow FR: Suppiluliuma II → URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MXZVW09B-4 swing plough supplying sword SC: Object SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: approvisionnement FR: épée URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DZG56XGK-S URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SH0NJQNG-X

124 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary SŪRYA

symbol Syrian SC: Sign / Symbol SC: Glottonym DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Linguistics FR: symbole FR: syrien URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D3SFFB67-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HC740F3S-5 symbolic gesture Syrians SC: Sign / Symbol SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: geste symbolique FR: Syriens URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WCVL4441-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SDQTX7J5-8 symbolics system SC: Idea / Abstraction SC: Theory / Theoretical model DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: système FR: symbolique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZFPFDWC8-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K9PNKLBW-W

Sātavāhana dynasty symbolism SC: Chronology SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Art · Art · History FR: symbolisme FR: Dynastie des Sātavāhanas URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P9008QXN-W URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z5HZ24F3-M synagogue Sūrya SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Divinity DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: synagogue · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DN334QJ6-T · Religions FR: Sūrya URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RVF2N51Z-C syncretism SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: syncrétisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DP7JKVN8-G synthesis SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology FR: synthèse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L8DJZQK7-J

Syria SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Syrie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-STKVQZ13-4

Syriac SC: Glottonym DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: syriaque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WF8X0LJP-7

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 125 TABLE

Tang dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology T · Art · History FR: Dynastie Tang table URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DJSTKP3M-0 SC: Object DO: · Archaeology · Art Tanis FR: table SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F2FQ9CZK-S DO: Archaeology FR: Tanis URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QNJ4B45D-1 tablet SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology Tanite dynasty FR: tablette SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P3P1VMHQ-M DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Tanite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QXXGQ1B2-0 Taharqa SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology tank · History SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: Taharqa DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TGZ7LHR9-C FR: citerne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H98CSWQN-7

Taira SC: Anthroponym Tantrism DO: · Archaeology SC: Current of thought / Doctrine · History DO: · Archaeology FR: Taira · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KS7QL39S-W · Religions FR: tantrisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MZ8JNGCC-4 talatat SC: Object DO: Archaeology Taoism FR: talatat SC: Current of thought / Doctrine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q17GHK0H-8 DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions talisman FR: taoïsme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R3NXKFNW-0 SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: talisman URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G89KW7PV-W taotie SC: Literary pattern / Literary theme DO: · Archaeology Talmud · Art FR: taotie SC: Document title / Work title URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V5V70278-W DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: Talmud URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RWFMXWR9-7 tapestry SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology Tamil Nadu · Art FR: tapisserie SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J2P49BHR-F FR: Tamil Nādu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FTJ3D9WL-0 Tara SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Tara URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S0L1N0RC-C

126 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary TERRACE

tax Tel Dan SC: Economic concept or system SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: Tel Dan FR: impôt URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F5CX30KJ-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RV3DW1KF-J

tell tax system SC: Environment SC: Organizational system DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: tell FR: fiscalité URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RG756ZT1-Z URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LCS5KRL4-3

Tell el-Amarna taxation SC: Toponym SC: Activity DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Tell el-Amarna FR: taxation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F9PBZ4R0-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NQ8G2PRK-7

temper taxinomy SC: Material / Product / Substance Syn: taxonomy DO: Archaeology SC: Classification / Nomenclature FR: dégraissant DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VMSZFC5J-6 FR: taxinomie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LGDQ7DZG-Q temple SC: Building / Infrastructure taxonomy DO: · Archaeology → taxinomy · Religions FR: temple URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RQSRPJCL-R tea SC: Food temple mountain DO: Archaeology FR: thé SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J4CR09M4-8 FR: temple-montagne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WW9HK018-S tea ceremony SC: Activity tent DO: · Archaeology · Art SC: Object FR: cérémonie du thé DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FP1P8L37-7 FR: tente URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BDV8TKCC-V

Tebtunis Teotihuacan SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology SC: Toponym FR: Tebtynis FR: Teotihuacan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W3VLZJTK-H URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V27J9SCZ-F technique terminology SC: Technique / Method SC: Language DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: technique · Linguistics URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SPH6CL7P-5 FR: terminologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R88C6JW9-G technology terrace SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: technologie DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WTQL1BH2-C FR: terrasse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K6TVVXMC-7

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 127 TERRACOTTA

terracotta theology SC: Material / Product / Substance SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: terre cuite · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B6FMCCGF-B · Religions FR: théologie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L96Z4VMN-9 tessera SC: Object DO: Archaeology theory FR: tessère SC: Theory / Theoretical model URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MKK8H5N4-R DO: Archaeology FR: théorie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D8QQW1F8-X tetradrachma SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology thermae FR: tétradrachme SC: Building / Infrastructure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V1P9SXR9-L DO: Archaeology FR: thermes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PMSJT74H-0 text SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Archaeology thermoluminescence FR: texte SC: Analysis / Measure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X16BT2C5-D DO: Archaeology FR: thermoluminescence URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F5QJ13SL-8 textile SC: Material / Product / Substance DO: Archaeology thesis FR: textile SC: Type of document / Type of work URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JHG0CCWZ-0 DO: Archaeology FR: thèse URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KVXS4XLH-R Thailand SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology Thinit Epoch · Geography SC: Chronology FR: Thaïlande DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SWWNQHCK-Q · Art · History FR: Époque Thinite thanka URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JN35KBMS-H SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art Thinite dynasty FR: thangka SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MQDB8V37-Q DO: Archaeology FR: Dynastie Thinite URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SGTRZJLC-G theatre SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Third Intermediate Period FR: théâtre SC: Chronology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LMWJZXN4-V DO: Archaeology FR: Troisième Période Intermédiaire URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FNV0SSJM-Z Thebes SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology Thot FR: Thèbes SC: Divinity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L9D4N41C-7 DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: Thot URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M4FFBZ6S-6

128 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary TOILETRY ARTICLE

Three Kingdoms tile (roof) SC: Chronology SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art FR: tuile · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DX4JR31X-X FR: Trois Royaumes URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HCSKHHFR-K time SC: Time throne DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: temps DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PSJZRWM0-F · Art FR: trône URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WQ5M3GJF-W Timourid dynasty Syn: Timurid dynasty Thutmosis III SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology SC: Anthroponym · Art DO: · Archaeology · History · History FR: Dynastie Timouride FR: Thoutmosis III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KC2XBP0T-R URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H983KN5P-W

Timurid dynasty Tiberius → Timourid dynasty SC: Anthroponym FR: Tibère ES: Tiberio tin DE: Tiberius SC: Metal URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H4FRPQ1C-6 DO: Archaeology FR: étain URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L5ND93ZR-J Tibet SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology titulary · Geography SC: Function FR: Tibet DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N2LS6S60-0 FR: titulature URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WMW3DDH4-7 Tiglath-Pileser I SC: Anthroponym toad DO: · Archaeology · History SC: Vertebrate FR: Tiglath-Pileser I DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZH6LS04P-H FR: crapaud URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TZW9CL60-H

Tiglath-Pileser III toilet object SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology → toiletry article · History FR: Tiglath-Pileser III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FWSWNW5V-2 toilet spoon → cosmetic spoon Tikal SC: Toponym toiletry article FR: Tikal Syn: toilet object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TRP8XC86-V SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: objet de toilette tile URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RB81DGQZ-1 SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: carreau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SJKVHQ94-3

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 129 TOKEN

token toponymy SC: Object SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: jeton · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C05CGJ72-1 · Linguistics FR: toponymie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JK31CD5K-1 Tokugawa SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology toreutics · Art SC: Technique / Method · History DO: · Archaeology FR: Tokugawa · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VMS9510B-F FR: toreutique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TPQJ2DCW-2

Tokugawa Period → Edo Period tower SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology Toltec FR: tour URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VSF62SCL-2 → Toltec Civilization

town Toltec Civilization SC: Building / Infrastructure Syn: Toltec DO: · Archaeology SC: Chronology · Multidisciplinary DO: Archaeology FR: ville FR: Civilisation toltèque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FKMD3W2D-M URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RJSG98BN-V town planning Toltecs SC: Activity / Behavior / Society SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: urbanisme FR: Toltèques URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XSG83CG1-7 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HJMDKWQ4-H toy tool SC: Object SC: Object DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: jouet FR: outil URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PP7V7WK5-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-CH7H63NR-G trace tooth SC: Technique / Method SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: tracé FR: dent URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PTKPX07C-3 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DRRC8S56-L trade tophet Syn: commerce SC: Building / Infrastructure SC: Activity DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Religions · History FR: tophet FR: commerce URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NKWVPPMN-F URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GLVSWVL9-R topography tradition SC: Space SC: Activity / Behavior / Society DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: topographie · Art URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-XLFW7ZL2-Q FR: tradition URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P6C1LVWM-W

130 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary TUNIC

transcription treatment SC: Technique / Method SC: Treatment DO: · Archaeology DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics · Art FR: transcription FR: traitement URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-G4H52P1T-B URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NWTK32L5-N translation treaty SC: Type of document / Type of work → treatise DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: traduction tree URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K0L1805J-8 SC: Vegetal DO: Archaeology transliteration FR: arbre URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZZXHFGT0-H SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics FR: translittération trepanation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H25ZXCJM-N SC: Treatment DO: Archaeology FR: trépanation transmission electron microscopy URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NMV0GG8D-Q SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology FR: microscopie électronique à transmission triad URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JQTPR1H9-7 SC: Concept DO: · Art · Religions transport FR: triade URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-P9CWDCMF-3 SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: transport tribute URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B2KQF6S0-2 SC: Economic concept or system DO: · Archaeology · History travel FR: tribut SC: Activity URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PSZP9M7V-V DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: voyage tripod URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HG8ZBDBN-T Syn: tripode SC: Object traveller DO: Archaeology FR: trépied SC: Function URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R5LWPPP0-3 DO: · Archaeology · History FR: voyageur tripode URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F8D2DDJV-H → tripod treasure SC: Object triumphal arch DO: Archaeology SC: Building / Infrastructure FR: trésor DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SVSPRBDT-1 FR: arc de triomphe URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q5W6GWGC-H treatise Syn: treaty tunic SC: Type of document / Type of work SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · History FR: tunique FR: traité URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SQR7PF97-K URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R34595CH-3

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 131 TUNISIA

Tunisia typology SC: Toponym SC: Classification / Nomenclature DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Geography FR: typologie FR: Tunisie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SRZCHWJJ-L URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W4QNH35X-R

Tyre tunnel SC: Toponym SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: Tyr FR: tunnel URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C58JVC5R-G URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W58Q50KL-K

Turkistan SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Turkestan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WNQ9R90L-2 turquoise SC: Mineral DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: turquoise URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WG8WL9HM-L turquoise artefact Syn: turquoise object SC: Object DO: Archaeology FR: objet en turquoise URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RNGS31QX-0 turquoise object → turquoise artefact turtle SC: Vertebrate DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: tortue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-S9WVJWR5-B turtle shell SC: Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid DO: Archaeology FR: carapace de tortue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HJCPKN6Q-K

Tutankhamun SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Toutânkhamon URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HFHBT8ZQ-L tuyere SC: Device / Apparatus DO: Archaeology FR: tuyère URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X37408X5-T

132 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary UZBEKISTAN

urbanization SC: Sociocultural phenomenon U DO: Archaeology FR: urbanisation URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J93T45F1-Q

Udjat Eye SC: Concept urn DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: Oeil Oudjat DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GQT4H4NX-D FR: urne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DC0ZC1NZ-F ukiyo-e SC: Type of document / Type of work Uzbekistan DO: Art BT: Asia FR: ukiyo-e SC: Toponym URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X697JZGS-9 DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Ouzbékistan Umayyad dynasty URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VLZ80T1V-6 SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie Omeyyade URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-B2G32H2H-2

Umma SC: Toponym FR: Umma DE: Umma URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W3RM7KX6-M underwater archaeology SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: archéologie sub-aquatique URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-KLGRWM2M-2

Ur SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Ur URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LCQ1BFRL-3

Ur III dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie d'Ur III URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C665531H-P

Urartu SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology FR: Urartu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-R5NKPTW6-R urban archeology SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: archéologie urbaine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RG4SNXW0-J

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 133 VALLEY OF THE KINGS

village SC: Building / Infrastructure V DO: Archaeology FR: village URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SFMN7SHN-1

Valley of the Kings SC: Toponym vine DO: Archaeology SC: Vegetal FR: Vallée des Rois DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NLX47QVC-R FR: vigne URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QDL757XH-1 varnish → varnishing Vishnuism SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology · Art varnishing · Religions Syn: varnish FR: vishnouisme SC: Technique / Method URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Z82LJZ46-3 DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: vernissage visiting URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F1R10VBG-6 SC: Activity DO: Archaeology FR: visite vase URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T858G5B8-Q SC: Object DO: · Archaeology · Art viticulture FR: vase SC: Technique / Method URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N6F3NBJ7-P DO: Archaeology FR: viticulture Vat Phu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NZ9RGRR9-8 SC: Toponym DO: Archaeology vizier FR: Vat Phu SC: Function URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PF1SG7SK-Q DO: · Archaeology · History FR: vizir vault URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FDLF2LBC-Z SC: Architectural element or structure DO: Archaeology FR: voûte vocabulary URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GGZC3M14-C SC: Language DO: · Archaeology · Linguistics Vedism FR: vocabulaire SC: Current of thought / Doctrine URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MR7N8TX1-N DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: védisme volcanic eruption URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-F0Z0FFPM-2 SC: Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon DO: Archaeology FR: éruption volcanique Vietnam URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-D00DSNHZ-7 SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Vietnam URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V2FMCRB0-L villa SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: villa URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BV6TL6SF-8

134 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary WELL

watercolour Syn: watercolor W SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: Art FR: aquarelle URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GB078BZT-T wall SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology wax FR: mur SC: Material / Product / Substance URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LV3LBK2W-R DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: cire wall painting URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QVQP17FK-L SC: Type of document / Type of work DO: · Archaeology · Art weapon FR: peinture murale SC: Object URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-PX3DH09V-0 DO: Archaeology FR: arme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M29PMMMK-D Waqf SC: Organization / Institution DO: · Archaeology wear · Art SC: Phenomenon / Process / Property · Religions DO: Archaeology FR: Waqf FR: usure URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZN9JVSFT-5 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-BHGC2SKM-C war weaving SC: Sociocultural phenomenon SC: Design DO: Archaeology DO: Archaeology FR: guerre FR: tissage URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-T9H3R737-4 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H4JW01LS-R

Warring States Period weaving loom SC: Chronology SC: Machine / Equipment DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Art · History FR: métier à tisser FR: Période des Royaumes Combattants URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M4PFGW9Z-9 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-HVWWBC69-6 weaving tool warrior SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Function DO: Archaeology FR: outil de tissage FR: guerrier URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FQDFWBJ8-6 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GK8W7VVV-C weight water SC: Object DO: Archaeology SC: Material / Matter / State of matter DO: · Archaeology FR: poids · Multidisciplinary URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X7Q8W45W-B FR: eau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MPZ30D9F-9 well SC: Building / Infrastructure water logged wood DO: Archaeology SC: Organic material FR: puits DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-H3705GR4-G FR: bois gorgé d'eau URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DK69FQC6-2 watercolor → watercolour

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 135 WEST INDIES

West Indies wooden object Syn: Antilles Syn: wooden artefact SC: Toponym SC: Object DO: · Archaeology DO: Archaeology · Geography FR: objet en bois FR: Antilles URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TKBLP2DW-8 URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-SDLWX7BS-S

wool Western Zhou dynasty SC: Organic material SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology DO: · Archaeology FR: laine · History URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DVHM7GK3-W FR: Dynastie des Zhou occidentaux URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QD4GJSSN-6 work SC: Activity wheel DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: travail DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-DJ7LTNR1-C FR: roue URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZL2TCSLT-6 workman SC: Function whistle DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: ouvrier DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C4MFZXQ4-W FR: sifflet URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-FDR98TLD-G workshop SC: Object wig DO: Archaeology SC: Object FR: atelier DO: Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QN79TLRF-K FR: perruque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K8GRBWZ5-Q wrapping SC: Object wine DO: Archaeology SC: Food FR: bandelette DO: · Archaeology URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-V3ND9T2F-3 · Multidisciplinary FR: vin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-JZ1V0NMX-X wrestling SC: Activity DO: Archaeology wine press FR: lutte SC: Machine / Equipment URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-ZCXLRKLX-S DO: Archaeology FR: pressoir à vin URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LX302BKR-6 writing SC: Sign / Symbol DO: Archaeology woman FR: écriture SC: Human URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NPDC99X1-T DO: · Archaeology · Art · Multidisciplinary FR: femme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-TVVBD8BG-5 wood SC: Organic material DO: Archaeology FR: bois URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-M8JWVPPR-X wooden artefact → wooden object

136 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary XYLOGRAPHY

Xian X → Xi'an Xiongnu X ray SC: People / Ethnic group DO: Archaeology → X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy FR: Xiongnu URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NLRB4JKJ-L

X ray diffraction XRF SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology → X ray fluorescence spectrometry FR: diffraction X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-QMH93NGX-X xylography X ray fluorescence SC: Technique / Method DO: · Archaeology → X ray fluorescence spectrometry · Art FR: xylographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MF9HKVWT-D X ray fluorescence spectrometry Syn: · X ray fluorescence · XRF SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology FR: spectrométrie de fluorescence X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-J6SZS8WP-P

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Syn: X ray SC: Analysis / Measure DO: Archaeology FR: spectrométrie photoélectronique X URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-Q17FH70L-X xeroradiography SC: Technique / Method DO: Archaeology FR: xéroradiographie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K558RLJ1-W

Xerxes SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Xerxès URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WM6NL4LN-R

Xi Xia Empire SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Empire Xi Xia URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-X6J6FMSL-3

Xi'an Syn: Xian SC: Toponym FR: Xi'an URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-VT4XPNXQ-K

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 137 YAK Y yak SC: Vertebrate DO: Archaeology FR: yak URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-NGMJ919M-H

Yayoi SC: Chronology DO: Archaeology FR: Yayoi URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-W1WD8CVM-X

Yemen SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Yémen URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-RH94S6HT-K

Yukatan SC: Toponym DO: · Archaeology · Geography FR: Yukatan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-LNFM4PSN-K

Yüan dynasty SC: Chronology DO: · Archaeology · Art · History FR: Dynastie Yuan URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-L3RTGGRW-4

138 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary ZOROASTRIANISM Z

Zen SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology · Art · Religions FR: zen URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GS49CN6J-5 ziggurat SC: Building / Infrastructure DO: Archaeology FR: ziggurat URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K2V6V8SX-3

Zimri-Lim Syn: Zimrilim SC: Anthroponym DO: · Archaeology · History FR: Zimri-Lim URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-GM650M8C-L

Zimrilim → Zimri-Lim zinc SC: Metal DO: Archaeology FR: zinc URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-C0DKT0ZT-F zodiac SC: Idea / Abstraction DO: Archaeology FR: zodiaque URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-MLVVN68M-C zoomorphism SC: Property / Parameter / Characteristic DO: · Archaeology · Art FR: zoomorphisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-K269N95V-Q zootechny SC: Discipline DO: Archaeology FR: zootechnie URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-N93F4LZF-S

Zoroastrianism SC: Current of thought / Doctrine DO: · Archaeology · Religions FR: zoroastrisme URI: http://data.loterre.fr/ark:/67375/27X-WHF1WVJ5-3

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 139 LIST OF ENTRIES

List Of Entries

English French page

• 'Abd al-Samad 'Abd al-Samad 6 • 10th century AD Xe siècle apr. J.-C. 7 • 10th dynasty Xe dynastie 7 • 11th century AD XIe siècle apr. J.-C. 7 • 11th century BC XIe siècle av. J.-C. 7 • 11th dynasty XIe dynastie 7 • 12th century AD XIIe siècle apr. J.-C 7 • 12th century BC XIIe siècle av. J.-C 7 • 12th dynasty XIIe dynastie 7 • 13th century AD XIIIe siècle apr. J.-C 7 • 13th century BC XIIIe siècle av. J.-C 7 • 13th dynasty XIIIe dynastie 7 • 14th century AD XIVe siècle apr. J.-C 7 • 14th century BC XIVe siècle av. J.-C 7 • 14th dynasty XIVe dynastie 7 • 15th century AD XVe siècle apr. J.-C 7 • 15th century BC XVe siècle av. J.-C 8 • 15th dynasty XVe dynastie 8 • 16th century AD XVIe siècle apr. J.-C 8 • 16th century BC XVIe siècle av. J.-C 8 • 16th dynasty XVIe dynastie 8 • 17th century AD XVIIe siècle apr. J.-C 8 • 17th century BC XVIIe siècle av. J.-C 8 • 17th dynasty XVIIe dynastie 8 • 18th century AD XVIIIe siècle apr. J.-C 8 • 18th century BC XVIIIe siècle av. J.-C 8 • 18th dynasty XVIIIe dynastie 8 • 19th century AD XIXe siècle apr. J.-C 8 • 19th century BC XIXe siècle av. J.-C 8 • 19th dynasty XIXe dynastie 8 • 1st century AD Ier siècle apr. J.-C. 8 • 1st century BC Ier siècle av. J.-C. 8 • 1st dynasty Ire dynastie 9 • 1st millenium AD Ier millénaire apr. J.-C. 9 • 1st millenium BC Ier millénaire av. J.-C. 9 • 20th century AD XXe siècle apr. J.-C 10 • 20th century BC XXe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 20th dynasty XXe dynastie 10 • 21st century Siècle 21 apr. J.-C. 10 • 21st century BC XXIe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 21st dynasty XXIe dynastie 10

140 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

English French page

• 22nd century BC XXIIe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 22nd dynasty XXIIe dynastie 10 • 23rd century BC XXIIIe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 23rd dynasty XXIIIe dynastie 10 • 24th century BC XXIVe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 24th dynasty XXIVe dynastie 10 • 25th century BC XXVe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 25th dynasty XXVe dynastie 10 • 26th century BC XXVIe siècle av. J.-C 10 • 26th dynasty XXVIe dynastie 10 • 27th century BC XXVIIe siècle av. J.-C 11 • 27th dynasty XXVIIe dynastie 11 • 28th century BC XXVIIIe siècle av. J.-C 11 • 28th dynasty XXVIIIe dynastie 11 • 29th century BC XXIXe siècle av. J.-C 11 • 29th dynasty XXIXe dynastie 11 • 2nd century AD IIe siècle apr. J.-C 11 • 2nd century BC IIe siècle av. J.-C 11 • 2nd dynasty IIe dynastie 11 • 2nd millenium BC IIe millénaire av. J.-C 11 • 30th century BC XXXe siècle av. J.-C 12 • 30th dynasty XXXe dynastie 12 • 31st century BC XXXIe siècle av. J.-C 12 • 32nd century BC XXXIIe siècle av. J.-C 12 • 33rd century BC XXXIIIe siècle av. J.-C 12 • 34th century BC XXXIVe siècle av. J.-C 12 • 35th century BC XXXVe siècle av. J.-C 12 • 3rd century AD IIIe siècle apr. J.-C. 12 • 3rd century BC IIIe siècle av. J.-C. 12 • 3rd dynasty IIIe dynastie 12 • 3rd millenium BC IIIe millénaire av. J.-C 12 • 4th century AD IVe siècle siècle apr. J.-C 13 • 4th century BC IVe siècle siècle av. J.-C 13 • 4th dynasty IVe dynastie 13 • 4th millenium BC Ive millénaire av. J.-C 13 • 5th century AD Ve siècle apr. J.-C 14 • 5th century BC Ve siècle av. J.-C 14 • 5th dynasty Ve dynastie 14 • 5th millenium BC Ve millénaire av. J.-C 14 • 6th century AD VIe siècle apr. J.-C 15 • 6th century BC VIe siècle av. J.-C 15 • 6th dynasty VIe dynastie 15 • 7th century AD VIIe siècle apr. J.-C 16 • 7th century BC VIIe siècle av. J.-C 16 • 7th dynasty VIIe dynastie 16 • 8th century AD VIIIe siècle apr. J.-C 17

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 141 LIST OF ENTRIES

English French page

• 8th century BC VIIIe siècle av. J.-C 17 • 8th dynasty VIIIe dynastie 17 • 9th century AD IXe siècle apr. J.-C 18 • 9th century BC IXe siècle av. J.-C 18 • 9th dynasty IXe dynastie 18 • Abassid dynasty Dynastie Abbasside 19 • abecedary abécédaire 19 • Abu Simbel Abou Simbel 19 • Abusir Abousir 19 • Abydos Abydos 19 • academy académie 19 • accounts comptabilité 19 • Achaemenid dynasty Dynastie Achéménide 19 • acquisition acquisition 19 • acropolis acropole 19 • administration administration 19 • adobe adobe 19 • adze herminette 19 • Aegyptiaca Aegyptiaca 19 • aerial archaeology archéologie aérienne 19 • aerial photography photographie aérienne 19 • aesthetics esthétique 19 • Afghanistan Afghanistan 19 • Afsharid dynasty Dynastie Afshar 20 • agate agate 20 • agate artefact objet en agate 20 • Aghlabid dynasty Dynastie Aghlabide 20 • agriculture agriculture 20 • Ahmosis I Ahmose I 20 • Ahmosis II Ahmose II 20 • Akbar Akbar 20 • Akhenaton Akhenaton 20 • Akkad Akkad 20 • Akkadian akkadien 20 • Akkadian Period Époque d'Agadé 20 • Akkadians Akkadiens 20 • alabaster albâtre 20 • alabaster artefact objet en albâtre 20 • alabastron alabastre 20 • Alexander the Great Alexandre le Grand 21 • Alexandria Alexandrie 21 • Algeria Algérie 21 • Alhambra Alhambra 21 • alloy alliage 21 • almanac almanach 21 • Almohad dynasty Dynastie Almohade 21

142 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

English French page

• Almoravid dynasty Dynastie Almoravide 21 • alphabet alphabet 21 • altar autel 21 • Amarnian Period Époque amarnienne 21 • amber ambre 21 • amber artefact objet en ambre 21 • ambo ambon 21 • Amenemhet I Amenemhat I 21 • Amenemhet II Amenemhat II 21 • Amenemhet III Amenemhat III 21 • Amenemhet IV Amenemhat IV 22 • Amenemhet V Amenemhat V 22 • Amenhotep I Aménophis I 22 • Amenhotep II Aménophis II 22 • Amenophis III Aménophis III 22 • America Amérique 22 • amethyst améthyste 22 • amethyst artefact objet en améthyste 22 • aminoacid aminoacide 22 • Amorium Amorium 22 • amphibole amphibole 22 • amphitheatre amphithéâtre 22 • amphora amphore 22 • amphoric stamp timbre amphorique 22 • amulet amulette 22 • Amun Amon 22 • analysis analyse 22 • anastylosis anastylose 22 • anatomy anatomie 22 • anchor ancre 23 • ancient author auteur ancien 23 • Andes Andes 23 • Angkor Angkor 23 • Angkor Thom Angkor Thom 23 • Angkorian Period Période angkorienne 23 • aniconism aniconisme 23 • animal animal 23 • ankh ankh 23 • annals annales 23 • anthropology anthropologie 23 • anthropometry anthropométrie 23 • Antiquity Antiquité 23 • Antoninus Pius Antonin le Pieux 23 • Anuradhapura Anuradhapura 23 • Anyang Anyang 23 • appendix appendice 23

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 143 LIST OF ENTRIES

English French page

• aqueduct aqueduc 23 • arabesque arabesque 24 • Arabia Arabie 24 • Arabic arabe 24 • Aramaic people Araméens 24 • archaeoastronomy archéoastronomie 24 • archaeological guide guide archéologique 24 • archaeological site site archéologique 24 • archaeologist archéologue 24 • archaeology archéologie 24 • archaeomagnetism archéomagnétisme 24 • archaeometallurgy archéométallurgie 24 • archaeometry archéométrie 24 • archaeozoology archéozoologie 24 • Archaic Period Époque archaïque 24 • archer archer 24 • architect architecte 24 • architectural decoration décor architectural 24 • architectural element élément architectural 24 • architecture architecture 24 • archives archives 25 • Armenia Arménie 25 • armlet bracelet d'archer 25 • army armée 25 • arrow flèche 25 • arrowhead pointe de flèche 25 • Arsacid dynasty Dynastie Arsacide 25 • art art 25 • art history histoire de l'art 25 • art Print estampe 25 • artefact objet 25 • artist artiste 25 • artistic taste goût artistique 25 • Ashkelon Ashkelon 25 • Ashurbanipal Assurbanipal 25 • Ashurnasirpal I Assurnasirpal I 25 • Ashurnasirpal II Assurnasirpal II 26 • Asia Asie 26 • Asia Minor Asie Mineure 26 • Asoka Asoka 26 • Assur Assur 26 • Assyria Assyrie 26 • Assyrian assyrien 26 • Assyrian Empire Empire assyrien 26 • Assyrians Assyriens 26 • Assyriology assyriologie 26

144 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Astarte Astarté 26 • astrology astrologie 26 • astronomy astronomie 26 • Aswân Assouan 26 • Asyut Assiout 26 • atlas atlas 26 • Attalid dynasty Dynastie Attalide 26 • Augustus Auguste 26 • autobiography autobiographie 27 • Avalokiteśvara Avalokiteśvara 27 • awl poinçon 27 • axe hache 27 • axonometry axonométrie 27 • Axumite dynasty Dynastie Axoumite 27 • Ayyubid dynasty Dynastie Ayyoubide 27 • Aztec Civilization Civilisation aztèque 27 • baboon babouin 28 • Babylon Babylone 28 • Babylonia Babylonie 28 • Babylonian babylonien 28 • Bagram Begram 28 • baked brick brique cuite 28 • balance balance 28 • balance weigh peson 28 • ball game jeu de balle 28 • bamboo bambou 28 • bamboo artefact objet en bambou 28 • banner bannière 28 • banquet banquet 28 • baptistry baptistère 28 • baroque baroque 28 • barrel vault voûte en berceau 28 • barter troc 29 • basalt basalte 29 • Basawan Basawan 29 • basilica basilique 29 • basin bassin 29 • basket Work vannerie 29 • Bastet Bastet 29 • bath bain 29 • Bawit Baouît 29 • bead perle 29 • bed lit 29 • Bedouins Bédouins 29 • bee abeille 29 • beekeeping apiculture 29

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 145 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• beer bière 29 • Beijing Beijing 29 • Belgium Belgique 29 • bell cloche 29 • Bellerophon Bellérophon 30 • bellows soufflet 30 • belt ceinture 30 • belt buckle boucle de ceinture 30 • Berot Bérite 30 • Bes Bès 30 • bestiary bestiaire 30 • Bethlehem Bethléem 30 • betyl bétyle 30 • bevelled-rim bowl écuelle 30 • Bible Bible 30 • Biblical archaeology archéologie biblique 30 • bibliography bibliographie 30 • binding reliure 30 • biography biographie 30 • biology biologie 30 • bird oiseau 30 • birth naissance 30 • bit mors 30 • bitumen bitume 31 • bitumen artefact objet en bitume 31 • Black Sea mer Noire 31 • blade lame 31 • block bloc 31 • block statue statue cube 31 • blue and white bleu et blanc 31 • boat bateau 31 • Bolivia Bolivie 31 • bone os 31 • bone industry industrie osseuse 31 • bone object objet en os 31 • book livre 31 • Book of the Dead Livre des Morts 31 • Book of the Gates Livre des Portes 31 • Borobudur Borobudur 31 • Borsippa Borsippa 31 • botany botanique 31 • bottle bouteille 32 • bow arc 32 • bowl bol 32 • box boîte 32 • bracelet bracelet 32

146 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• bradawl alêne 32 • brass laiton 32 • brass artefact objet en laiton 32 • brazier brasero 32 • bread pain 32 • bread oven four à pain 32 • breeding élevage 32 • brick brique 32 • bridge pont 32 • British Rāj Rāj britannique 32 • Bronze Age Âge du Bronze 32 • bronze artefact objet en bronze 32 • brooch broche 32 • bucranium bucrane 33 • Buddha Bouddha 33 • Buddhism bouddhisme 33 • building bâtiment 33 • building phase phase de construction 33 • building technique technique de construction 33 • bull taureau 33 • bullae bulle 33 • burial sépulture 33 • Burma Birmanie 33 • burner réchaud 33 • bust buste 33 • button bouton 33 • Byblos Byblos 33 • Byzantin Period Période byzantine 33 • Byzantine Empire Empire byzantin 33 • Byzantium Byzance 33 • cadastre cadastre 34 • Caesarea Maritima Césarée Maritime 34 • Calakmul Calakmul 34 • calcite calcite 34 • calculi calculi 34 • calendar calendrier 34 • calibration calibration 34 • Caliphate of Córdoba Califat de Cordoue 34 • calligraphy calligraphie 34 • Cambodia Cambodge 34 • Cambyses II Cambyse II 34 • camel chameau 34 • cameo camée 34 • camp camp 34 • canal canal 34 • candelabrum candélabre 34

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 147 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• canon canon 35 • canon of proportion canon des proportions 35 • canopic jar canope 35 • canvas toile 35 • Capernaum Capharnaüm 35 • capital chapiteau 35 • Cappadocia Cappadoce 35 • caravan route route caravanière 35 • caravansary caravansérail 35 • cardium cardium 35 • cardo cardo 35 • Caria Carie 35 • carpet tapis 35 • Carthage Carthage 35 • Carthaginians Carthaginois 35 • cartography cartographie 35 • cartouche cartouche 35 • casket coffret 35 • castle château 35 • cat chat 36 • catacombs catacombes 36 • catalogue catalogue 36 • cattle bétail 36 • cauldron chaudron 36 • cavalry cavalerie 36 • cave grotte 36 • cave temple temple rupestre 36 • ceiling plafond 36 • celadon céladon 36 • cemetery cimetière 36 • cenotaph cénotaphe 36 • census recensement 36 • Central America Amérique centrale 36 • Central Asia Asie centrale 36 • Century 10 BC Siècle 10 av. J.-C. 36 • ceramics céramique 38 • ceramology céramologie 38 • cereal céréale 38 • ceremonial centre centre cérémoniel 38 • ceremony cérémonie 38 • Ch'u Chu 38 • chalcedony calcédoine 38 • Chancas Chancas 38 • chapel chapelle 39 • chariot char 39 • chariot equipment élément de char 39

148 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• chemical analysis analyse chimique 39 • chemistry chimie 39 • Cheops Khéops 39 • Chichén Itzá Chichén Itzá 39 • Chichimec Chichimèque 39 • child enfant 39 • Chile Chili 39 • Chimù Culture Culture Chimù 39 • China Chine 39 • China Sea mer de Chine 39 • chisel ciseau 39 • Chola dynasty Dynastie Chola 39 • Chorasmia Chorasmie 39 • Choresmian chorasmien 39 • Choson dynasty Dynastie Choson 39 • Christianity christianisme 40 • chromatography chromatographie 40 • chronicle chronique 40 • chronology chronologie 40 • chrysanthemum chrysanthème 40 • church église 40 • Churning of the Milk Ocean Barattage de l'océan de lait 40 • Cilicia Cilicie 40 • Cimmerians Cimmériens 40 • cinema cinéma 40 • cinerary urn urne cinéraire 40 • cippus cippe 40 • citadel citadelle 40 • civilization civilisation 40 • Claros Claros 40 • Classic Classique 40 • Classical Period Époque classique 40 • classification classification 40 • clay argile 41 • clay artefact objet en argile 41 • Cleopatra I Cléopâtre I 41 • Cleopatra II Cléopâtre II 41 • Cleopatra III Cléopâtre III 41 • Cleopatra IV Cléopâtre IV 41 • Cleopatra VI Cléopâtre VI 41 • Cleopatra VII Cléopâtre VII 41 • clepsydra clepsydre 41 • clergy clergé 41 • climate climat 41 • climatology climatologie 41 • cloth tissu 41

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 149 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• clothing vêtement 41 • Coatlicue Coatlicue 41 • cock coq 41 • code code 41 • codex codex 42 • coffer coffre 42 • coffin cercueil 42 • Coffin Texts Textes des Sarcophages 42 • coin monnaie 42 • collection collection 42 • collector collectionneur 42 • Colombia Colombie 42 • colonization colonisation 42 • colonnade colonnade 42 • colony colonie 42 • Colossi of Memnon Colosses de Memnon 42 • colossus colosse 42 • colour couleur 42 • column colonne 42 • comb peigne 42 • computing informatique 42 • concubine concubine 43 • cone cône 43 • congress congrès 43 • conservation conservation 43 • Constantine Constantin 43 • constellation constellation 43 • container récipient 43 • contemporary art art contemporain 43 • contract contrat 43 • convent couvent 43 • copper cuivre 43 • copper artefact objet en cuivre 43 • Copt copte 43 • copy copie 43 • corbelled vault voûte en encorbellement 43 • Cordoba Cordoue 43 • coregency corégence 43 • coring sondage 43 • cornelian cornaline 43 • coroplasty coroplastie 44 • corpus corpus 44 • correspondence correspondance 44 • corrosion corrosion 44 • cosmetic fard 44 • cosmetic spoon cuiller à fard 44

150 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• cosmetology cosmétologie 44 • cosmogony cosmogonie 44 • cosmography cosmographie 44 • cosmology cosmologie 44 • costume costume 44 • cotton coton 44 • court art art de cour 44 • cowry cauri 44 • Coyolxauhqui Coyolxauhqui 44 • craft industry artisanat 44 • craftsman artisan 44 • cremation crémation 45 • Crete Crète 45 • crocodile crocodile 45 • cross croix 45 • crown couronne 45 • Crusaders croisés 45 • crystal cristal 45 • crystal object objet en cristal 45 • crystallography cristallographie 45 • Ctesiphon Ctésiphon 45 • cubit coudée 45 • Cufic coufique 45 • cult culte 45 • cult object objet cultuel 45 • cultual practice pratique cultuelle 45 • cultural artefact objet culturel 45 • cultural department service culturel 45 • cultural relation relation culturelle 45 • culture culture 45 • cuneiform cunéiforme 46 • cup coupe 46 • curator conservateur 46 • Cuzco Cuzco 46 • Cybele Cybèle 46 • cylinder seal sceau-cylindre 46 • cynegetic cynégétique 46 • Cyprus Chypre 46 • Cyrenaica Cyrénaïque 46 • Cyrene Cyrène 46 • Cyrus II the Great Cyrus II le Grand 46 • dagger poignard 47 • Dahshur Dahchour 47 • daily life vie quotidienne 47 • Dakhla Oasis oasis de Dakhla 47 • dam barrage 47

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 151 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• damascening damasquinage 47 • dance danse 47 • Darius Darius 47 • Darius I Darius I 47 • databank banque de données 47 • database base de données 47 • dating datation 47 • Daulatabad Daulatabad 47 • David David 47 • David Kingdom Royaume de David 47 • Dead Sea mer Morte 47 • Dead Sea Scrolls manuscrits de la mer Morte 47 • decipherment déchiffrement 48 • decoration décoration 48 • decree décret 48 • decumanus decumanus 48 • dedication dédicace 48 • deer cerf 48 • deforestation déboisement 48 • degradation dégradation 48 • deification déification 48 • Deir el-Bahari Deir el-Bahari 48 • Deir el-Medina Deir el-Medineh 48 • deity divinité 48 • demography démographie 48 • demon démon 48 • demonology démonologie 48 • demonstration model maquette 48 • demotic démotique 48 • dendrochronology dendrochronologie 48 • dental prothesis prothèse dentaire 48 • deportation déportation 49 • desalination dessalement 49 • desertion of site abandon de site 49 • destruction destruction 49 • detection détection 49 • deterioration altération 49 • development développement 49 • diadem diadème 49 • dictionary dictionnaire 49 • Didyma Didymes 49 • die dé 49 • diet alimentation 49 • dinar dinar 49 • diplomacy diplomatie 49 • diplomatic gift cadeau diplomatique 49

152 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• dirham dirham 49 • disease maladie 49 • dish plat 49 • dishware vaisselle 49 • disk disque 49 • distribution répartition 50 • divination divination 50 • document document 50 • documentation documentation 50 • dog chien 50 • dome coupole 50 • domestic activity activité domestique 50 • domestication domestication 50 • donation donation 50 • Dongson Culture Culture de Dong Son 50 • donkey âne 50 • door porte 50 • doorsocket crapaudine 50 • Dor Dor 50 • dragon dragon 50 • draughtboard damier 50 • drawing dessin 50 • dromos dromos 50 • drought sécheresse 50 • drug drogue 51 • drum tambour 51 • dryed mud terre crue 51 • Dunhuang Dunhuang 51 • Dur-Sharrukin Dur-Sharrukin 51 • Durrani dynasty Dynastie Durrani 51 • dwarfism nanisme 51 • dye teinture 51 • Dynasty 0 Dynastie 0 51 • eagle aigle 53 • Early Classical Classique ancien 53 • Early Formative Formatif ancien 53 • Early Horizon Horizon Ancien 53 • Early post classical Post classique ancien 53 • earring boucle d'oreille 53 • earthquake tremblement de terre 53 • Eastern Zhou dynasty Dynastie des Zhou orientaux 53 • Ebla Ébla 53 • eclipse éclipse 53 • ecology écologie 53 • economy économie 53 • Ecuador Équateur 53

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 153 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Edfu Edfou 53 • edible plant plante comestible 53 • Edo Period Époque d'Edo 53 • Edomite dynasty Dynastie Édomite 53 • education enseignement 54 • educational material matériel pédagogique 54 • egg oeuf 54 • Egypt Égypte 54 • Egyptian blue bleu égyptien 54 • Egyptian Museum in Cairo musée égyptien du Caire 54 • Egyptologist égyptologue 54 • Egyptology égyptologie 54 • Egyptomania égyptomanie 54 • El-Kab El-Kab 54 • El-Tod Tôd 54 • Elam Élam 54 • Elamite élamite 54 • electrolysis électrolyse 54 • electromagnetism électromagnétisme 54 • electronic calculator calculatrice électronique 54 • electronic sounding sondage électronique 54 • electronic spin resonance résonance de spin électronique 54 • electrum électrum 54 • electrum artefact objet en électrum 55 • elephant éléphant 55 • Elephantine Éléphantine 55 • Ellora Ellora 55 • embalming embaumement 55 • emblem emblème 55 • embroidery broderie 55 • emigration émigration 55 • enamel émail 55 • enamel artefact objet en émail 55 • enamelled paste pâte émaillée 55 • encampment campement 55 • enclosure enceinte 55 • encyclopaedia encyclopédie 55 • endogamy endogamie 55 • engraving gravure 55 • environment environnement 55 • Ephesus Éphèse 56 • epigraphy épigraphie 56 • epistemology épistémologie 56 • epitaph épitaphe 56 • eroticism érotisme 56 • Erythrea Érythrée 56

154 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Esarhaddon Assarhaddon 56 • esparto ware sparterie 56 • Essenes esséniens 56 • Essenian essénien 56 • ethnoarchaeology ethnoarchéologie 56 • ethnography ethnographie 56 • ethnohistory ethnohistoire 56 • ethnology ethnologie 56 • etymology étymologie 56 • eulogy ampulla ampoule à eulogie 56 • Euphrates Euphrate 56 • European Union Union européenne 57 • evolution évolution 57 • ewer aiguière 57 • ex-voto ex-voto 57 • excavation fouille 57 • excavation report rapport de fouilles 57 • excavation site chantier archéologique 57 • exhibition exposition 57 • expansion expansion 57 • expedition expédition 57 • eye oeil 57 • faience faïence 58 • falcon faucon 58 • false door stela stèle fausse porte 58 • fan éventail 58 • Far East Extrême-Orient 58 • fastener agrafe 58 • Fatimid dynasty Dynastie Fatimide 58 • fauna faune 58 • Fayum Fayoum 58 • fecundity fécondité 58 • feldspar feldspath 58 • festival fête 58 • fibula fibule 58 • figurine figurine 58 • film film 58 • fire feu 58 • firing cuisson 58 • First Intermediate Period Première Période Intermédiaire 59 • fish poisson 59 • fishing pêche 59 • fittings aménagement 59 • Five Dynasties Cinq Dynasties 59 • flag stone dalle 59 • flask flacon 59

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 155 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• flax lin plante 59 • flint silex 59 • flood inondation 59 • flora flore 59 • flower fleur 59 • foot pied 59 • forger faussaire 59 • forgery faux 59 • former USSR ex-URSS 59 • fortification fortification 59 • fortress forteresse 59 • forum forum 60 • foundation fondation 60 • foundation deposit dépôt de fondation 60 • fountain fontaine 60 • France France 60 • fresco fresque 60 • frieze frise 60 • frit fritte 60 • frog grenouille 60 • function fonction 60 • funerary art art funéraire 60 • funerary complex complexe funéraire 60 • funerary cone cône funéraire 60 • funerary practice pratique funéraire 60 • funerary rite rite funéraire 60 • funerary stela stèle funéraire 60 • funerary urn urne funéraire 60 • furnace fourneau 60 • furniture mobilier 60 • furniture (house) ameublement 61 • galena galène 62 • Galilee Galilée 62 • game jeu 62 • Gandhāra Gandhāra 62 • Ganeśa Ganeśa 62 • garden jardin 62 • gargoyle gargouille 62 • garnet grenat 62 • gas chromatography chromatographie en phase gazeuse 62 • gazelle gazelle 62 • gem gemme 62 • genealogy généalogie 62 • geoglyph géoglyphe 62 • geography géographie 62 • geology géologie 62

156 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• geometry géométrie 62 • geomorphology géomorphologie 62 • geophysics géophysique 63 • Germany Allemagne 63 • Ghaznavid dynasty Dynastie Ghaznavides 63 • Ghurids Ghurides 63 • giraffe girafe 63 • glass verre 63 • glass artefact objet en verre 63 • glossary glossaire 63 • glyph glyphe 63 • glyptics glyptique 63 • goblet gobelet 63 • god dieu 63 • goddess déesse 63 • gold or 63 • gold artefact objet en or 63 • Golden ratio nombre d'or 64 • goldsmith's art orfèvrerie 64 • Gordion Gordion 64 • graffito graffite 64 • grammar grammaire 64 • granary grenier 64 • granite granite 64 • granulometry granulométrie 64 • grave goods mobilier funéraire 64 • Great Britain Grande-Bretagne 64 • Greek antiquity Antiquité grecque 64 • Greek inscription inscription grecque 64 • griffin griffon 64 • Guangdong Guangdong 64 • Guatemala Guatemala 64 • guide guide 64 • Gupta Époque gupta 64 • gymnasium gymnase 64 • gypsum gypse 65 • Hadrian Hadrien 66 • haematite hématite 66 • hagiography hagiographie 66 • hair cheveu 66 • halberd hallebarde 66 • hammam hammam 66 • Han dynasty Dynastie Han 66 • hand main 66 • handbook manuel 66 • harem harem 66

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 157 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• harness harnais 66 • harnessing harnachement 66 • harp harpe 66 • harpoon harpon 66 • Haryana Haryana 66 • Hasmonean Hasmonéen 66 • Hathor Hathor 66 • Hatra Hatra 66 • Hatshepsut Hatchepsout 67 • headdress coiffure 67 • headrest chevet 67 • hearth foyer 67 • heating chauffage 67 • hedgehog hérisson 67 • Heian Period Époque de Heian 67 • Heliopolis Héliopolis 67 • Helios Hélios 67 • Hellenism hellénisme 67 • Hellenistic Period Époque hellénistique 67 • helmet casque 67 • hemp chanvre 67 • Hercule Hercule 67 • heritage patrimoine 67 • hermitage ermitage 67 • Hierakonpolis Hiérakonpolis 67 • hieratic hiératique 67 • hieroglyph hiéroglyphe 67 • high relief haut-relief 68 • Himalaya Himalaya 68 • Hinduism hindouisme 68 • hippodrome hippodrome 68 • hippopotamus hippopotame 68 • histology histologie 68 • historic study historique 68 • historical geography géographie historique 68 • history histoire 68 • Hittite hittite 68 • Hittite Empire Empire hittite 68 • Hittites Hittites 68 • hoe houe 68 • holography holographie 68 • homage hommage 68 • Honduras Honduras 68 • Horemheb Horemheb 68 • horn corne 68 • horn artefact objet en corne 69

158 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• horse cheval 69 • horse riding équitation 69 • horseman cavalier 69 • Horus Horus 69 • house maison 69 • Huari Culture Culture Huari 69 • Huitzilopochtli Huitzilopochtli 69 • human body corps humain 69 • human remain reste humain 69 • human sacrifice sacrifice humain 69 • hunting chasse 69 • Hurrians Hourrites 69 • hydration hydratation 69 • hydraulics hydraulique 69 • hydrography hydrographie 69 • hydrology hydrologie 69 • hygrometry hygrométrie 69 • hymn hymne 70 • hypogeum hypogée 70 • hypostyle hall salle hypostyle 70 • Iberian Peninsula péninsule Ibérique 71 • ibex bouquetin 71 • ibis ibis 71 • icon icône 71 • iconoclasm iconoclasme 71 • iconographic programme programme iconographique 71 • iconography iconographie 71 • identification identification 71 • idol idole 71 • Ikhsidid dynasty Dynastie Ikhsidides 71 • Ilkhan dynasty Dynastie Ilkhane 71 • illicit excavation fouille clandestine 71 • illuminated manuscript enluminure 71 • illustration illustration 71 • imagery imagerie 71 • immigration immigration 71 • immortality immortalité 71 • Inca Civilization Civilisation Inca 72 • incantation incantation 72 • incantation bowl bol à incantation 72 • Incas Incas 72 • incense encens 72 • incense burner encensoir 72 • incineration incinération 72 • index index 72 • India Inde 72

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 159 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Indo-Islamic Period Période indo-musulmane 72 • Indology indologie 72 • Indonesia Indonésie 72 • Indus Civilization Civilisation de l'Indus 72 • industry industrie 72 • influence influence 72 • infrared spectroscopy spectroscopie infrarouge 72 • ingot lingot 72 • inheritance héritage 72 • inhumation inhumation 73 • ink encre 73 • ink stone pierre à encre 73 • inkpot encrier 73 • inlay incrustation 73 • Inner Mongolia Mongolie Intérieure 73 • inscribed bamboo bambou inscrit 73 • inscription inscription 73 • institute institut 73 • institution institution 73 • instrument instrument 73 • intaglio intaille 73 • interior decoration décoration intérieure 73 • interpretation interprétation 73 • inventory inventaire 73 • Ionia Ionie 73 • Iran Iran 73 • Iranology iranologie 73 • Iraq Irak 74 • iron fer 74 • Iron Age Âge du Fer 74 • iron artefact objet en fer 74 • irrigation irrigation 74 • Isiaca Isiaca 74 • Islam islam 74 • Islamology islamologie 74 • isotope isotope 74 • isotopic ratio rapport isotopique 74 • Israel Israël 74 • Italy Italie 74 • itinerary itinéraire 74 • ivory ivoire 74 • ivory artefact objet en ivoire 74 • Ištar Ištar 75 • jade jade 76 • jade artefact objet en jade 76 • jaguar jaguar 76

160 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Jahangir Jahangir 76 • Jainism jaïnisme 76 • Japan Japon 76 • Japonism japonisme 76 • jar jarre 76 • jasper jaspe 76 • Java Java 76 • Jean-François Champollion Jean-François Champollion 76 • Jéricho Jéricho 76 • jewel bijou 76 • Jingdezhen Jingdezhen 76 • joinery menuiserie 76 • Jordan Jordanie 76 • Judaea Judée 76 • Judaism judaïsme 77 • Judean desert désert de Judée 77 • jug gourde 77 • justice justice 77 • Kamakura Kamakura 78 • Kamakura Period Époque Kamakura 78 • karkemish Karkémish 78 • karst karst 78 • Kassite dynasty Dynastie Kassite 78 • Kañcīpuram Kañcīpuram 78 • keystone clef de voûte 78 • Khajurāho Khajurāho 78 • khan khan 78 • Kharga Oasis oasis de Kharga 78 • kilim kilim 78 • kiln four 78 • king roi 78 • kingdom royaume 78 • Kingdom of Israel royaume d'Israël 78 • Kingdom of Judah royaume de Juda 78 • Kingdom of Napata Royaume de Napata 78 • kingship royauté 78 • kiosk kiosque 79 • knapping workshop atelier de taille 79 • Knidos Cnide 79 • knife couteau 79 • Koran Coran 79 • Korea Corée 79 • Koryo dynasty Dynastie Koryo 79 • kudurru kudurru 79 • kurgan kourgane 79 • Kushana Empire Empire Kushana 79

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 161 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Kushit dynasty Dynastie Kouchite 79 • Kyōto Kyōto 79 • label étiquette 80 • laboratory laboratoire 80 • lacquer laque 80 • lake lac 80 • lama lama 80 • Lamaism lamaïsme 80 • lamp lampe 80 • land surveying arpentage 80 • landscape paysage 80 • language langue 80 • Laos Laos 80 • lapis-lazuli lapis-lazuli 80 • laqueware artefact objet en laque 80 • Larsa Larsa 80 • Late Classical Classique terminal 80 • Late Formative Formatif récent 80 • Late Period Basse Époque 80 • Late post classical Post classique récent 80 • Latin latin 81 • Latin inscription inscription latine 81 • latrines latrines 81 • lava lave 81 • law loi 81 • lead plomb 81 • lead artefact objet en plomb 81 • leather cuir 81 • leather artefact objet en cuir 81 • legend légende 81 • legion légion 81 • legislation législation 81 • leprosy lèpre 81 • letter lettre 81 • Levant Levant 81 • Levantine art art levantin 81 • lexicocraphy lexicographie 81 • Liao dynasty Dynastie Liao 82 • Liao Empire Empire Liao 82 • libation libation 82 • library bibliothèque 82 • Libya Libye 82 • lighthouse phare 82 • lighting éclairage 82 • limes limes 82 • limestone calcaire 82

162 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• linen lin tissu 82 • linga linga 82 • linguitics linguistique 82 • lintel linteau 82 • lion lion 82 • list liste 82 • literature littérature 82 • lithic industry industrie lithique 82 • lithic tool outillage lithique 82 • lithophone lithophone 83 • localization localisation 83 • locket médaillon bijou 83 • Lopburi Period Période de Lopburi 83 • lost-wax casting fonte à la cire perdue 83 • lotus lotus 83 • low-relief bas-relief 83 • Luristan Luristan 83 • lustre lustre 83 • Luxembourg Luxembourg 83 • Luxor Louxor 83 • Lycia Lycie 83 • Lydia Lydie 83 • lyophilization lyophilisation 83 • Maat Maât 84 • mace masse d'arme 84 • mace head tête de massue 84 • madrasa madrasa 84 • magic magie 84 • magnetism magnétisme 84 • magnetometer magnétomètre 84 • Mahābalipuram Mahābalipuram 84 • Maitreya Maitreya 84 • maize maïs 84 • Majapahit Empire Royaume de Majapahit 84 • Malaysia Malaisie 84 • malnutrition malnutrition 84 • Mamluk dynasty Dynastie Mamelouke 84 • man homme 84 • Manchu mandchou 84 • Mandaean mandéen 85 • mandala mandala 85 • Manethon Manéthon 85 • Manicheism manichéisme 85 • manufacture fabrication 85 • manuscript manuscrit 85 • map carte 85

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 163 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• marble marbre 85 • marble artefact objet en marbre 85 • Marduk Marduk 85 • Margiana Margiane 85 • Mari Mari 85 • Marina el-Alamein Marina el-Alamein 85 • mark marque 85 • market marché 85 • marriage mariage 85 • Masada Massada 85 • mask masque 86 • mastaba mastaba 86 • master of animals maître des animaux 86 • mat natte 86 • material matériau 86 • mathematics mathématiques 86 • Mathura School école de Mathura 86 • Mathurā Mathurā 86 • matriarchy matriarcat 86 • Maurya dynasty Dynastie Maurya 86 • mausoleum mausolée 86 • Maya Civilization Civilisation Maya 86 • Mayas Mayas 86 • Mayria dynasty Dynastie Mayria 86 • Mazdaism mazdéisme 86 • Mañjuśrī Mañjuśrī 86 • measurement mesure 86 • medallion médaillon architecture 87 • medecine médecine 87 • Medes Mèdes 87 • Median Empire Empire mède 87 • medical papyrus papyrus médical 87 • Medieval Period Époque médiévale 87 • Mediterranean Basin bassin méditerranéen 87 • Mediterranean Sea mer Méditerranée 87 • megalith mégalithe 87 • Megiddo Megiddo 87 • Meidum Meïdoum 87 • Meiji Meiji 87 • Memphis Memphis 87 • Menes Ménès 87 • mercenary mercenaire 87 • Meroitic méroïtique 87 • Merowe Méroé 87 • Merv Merv 87 • Mesoamerica Mésoamérique 87

164 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Mesopotamia Mésopotamie 88 • metal métal 88 • metal object objet en métal 88 • metallography métallographie 88 • metallurgy métallurgie 88 • methodology méthodologie 88 • metrology métrologie 88 • Mexico Mexique 88 • microlith microlithe 88 • microprobe microsonde 88 • microrest microreste 88 • microscopy microscopie 88 • Middle Classical Classique moyen 88 • Middle Formative Formatif moyen 88 • Middle Kingdom Moyen Empire 88 • Middle post classical Post classique moyen 88 • Middle-Assyrian Period Époque médio-assyrienne 88 • migration migration 88 • mihrab mihrab 89 • milestone borne milliaire 89 • Miletus Milet 89 • milk lait 89 • mill moulin 89 • millet millet 89 • millstone meule 89 • Min min 89 • minaret minaret 89 • mine mine 89 • mineral minéral 89 • mineralogy minéralogie 89 • Ming dynasty Dynastie Ming 89 • mingqi mingqi 89 • miniature miniature 89 • mining extraction 90 • mirror miroir 90 • Mitanni Mitanni 90 • Mithra Mithra 90 • model modèle 90 • Moghol dynasty Dynastie Moghole 90 • Moghol Empire Empire moghol 90 • molten glass pâte de verre 90 • Momoyama Period Période Momoyama 90 • monastery monastère 90 • monasticism monachisme 90 • money circulation circulation monétaire 90 • Mongolia Mongolie 90

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 165 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Mongols Mongols 90 • monk moine 90 • monkey singe 90 • monograph monographie 90 • monolith monolithe 90 • monotheism monothéisme 91 • monument monument 91 • moon lune 91 • Morocco Maroc 91 • morphology morphologie 91 • mortality mortalité 91 • mortar mortier 91 • mortuary temple temple funéraire 91 • mosaic mosaïque 91 • mosque mosquée 91 • mother of pearl nacre 91 • mould moule 91 • moulding moulage 91 • mound tumulus 91 • mud artefact objet en terre 91 • mud brick brique crue 91 • mummification momification 91 • mummy momie 91 • mummy cartonnage cartonnage de momie 91 • mummy label étiquettes de momie 92 • Muromachi Period Époque de Muromachi 92 • museology muséologie 92 • museum musée 92 • music musique 92 • musical instrument instrument de musique 92 • Muslims musulmans 92 • myrrh myrrhe 92 • mystery mystère 92 • myth mythe 92 • mythology mythologie 92 • Nabataeans Nabatéens 93 • Nabatene Nabatène 93 • nacre artefact nacre objet 93 • nail clou 93 • name nom 93 • naos naos 93 • naphtha naphtes 93 • Nara Nara 93 • Naram-Sin Naram-Sin 93 • narghile narghileh 93 • Nasrid dynasty Dynastie Nasride 93

166 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• National Museum of Phnom Penh musée national de Phnom Penh 93 • natron natron 93 • natural disaster catastrophe naturelle 93 • natural mummification momification naturelle 93 • navigation navigation 93 • Nazca Culture Culture Nazca 94 • necklace collier 94 • necropolis nécropole 94 • Nectanebo II Nectanébo II 94 • needle aiguille 94 • Nefertari Néfertari 94 • Nefertiti Néfertiti 94 • Neo Assyrian Empire Empire néo assyrien 94 • Neo-Babylonian Empire Empire néo-babylonien 94 • Neobabylonian néobabylonien 94 • Nepal Népal 94 • Nestorianism nestorianisme 94 • net filet 94 • netsuke netsuke 94 • netting résille 94 • neutron activation activation neutronique 94 • New Kingdom Nouvel Empire 94 • New Mexico Nouveau-Mexique 94 • New Testament Nouveau Testament 94 • Nguyen dynasty Dynastie Nguyen 95 • Nile Delta delta du Nil 95 • Nile Valley vallée du Nil 95 • nilometer nilomètre 95 • Nineveh Ninive 95 • nomad nomade 95 • nomadism nomadisme 95 • nomarch nomarque 95 • nome nome 95 • nomenclature nomenclature 95 • North Africa Afrique du Nord 95 • North America Amérique du Nord 95 • Northern Song Song du Nord 95 • Nout Nout 95 • Nubia Nubie 95 • number nombre 95 • numismatics numismatique 95 • nymphaeum nymphée 95 • oasis oasis 96 • Oaxaca Oaxaca 96 • obelisk obélisque 96 • observation observation 96

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 167 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• observatory observatoire 96 • obsidian obsidienne 96 • obsidian artefact objet en obsidienne 96 • odontology odontologie 96 • oenochoe oenochoé 96 • offering offrande 96 • offering table table d'offrandes 96 • official fonctionnaire 96 • official seal sceau 96 • oil huile 96 • oil mill huilerie 96 • oil press pressoir à huile 96 • ointment onguent 96 • Old Babylonian Period Période paléo-babylonienne 97 • Old Kingdom Ancien Empire 97 • Old Testament Ancien Testament 97 • Olmecs Olmèques 97 • onomastic onomastique 97 • ophtamology ophtalmologie 97 • optical microscopy microscopie optique 97 • oracle oracle 97 • oracle bone os oraculaire 97 • orant orant 97 • oratory oratoire 97 • organization organisation 97 • organization of research organisation de la recherche 97 • Orientalism orientalisme 97 • Orientalist orientaliste 97 • orientation orientation 97 • origin origine 97 • ornament parure 97 • orthostat orthostate 98 • Osiris Osiris 98 • ossuary ossuaire 98 • ostotheca ostothèque 98 • ostraca ostraca 98 • ostrich autruche 98 • Ottoman Empire Empire ottoman 98 • pagoda pagode 99 • Pahari painting peinture Pahari 99 • painter peintre 99 • painting peinture 99 • painting materiels peintre instrument 99 • palace palais 99 • palaeoanthropology paléoanthropologie 99 • Palaeobabylonian paléobabylonien 99

168 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• palaeobotany paléobotanique 99 • palaeoclimatology paléoclimatologie 99 • palaeoecology paléoécologie 99 • palaeography paléographie 99 • Palaiologoi dynasty Dynastie paléologue 99 • palanquin palanquin 99 • Palestine Palestine 99 • Palestinians Palestiniens 99 • palette palette 99 • Pallava dynasty Dynastie Pallava 99 • palm tree palmier 100 • Palmyra Palmyre 100 • palynology palynologie 100 • Pamphylia Pamphylie 100 • panel panneau 100 • pantheon panthéon 100 • paper papier 100 • papyrology papyrologie 100 • papyrus papyrus 100 • parallel parallèle 100 • parchment parchemin 100 • Parthian Kingdom royaume Parthe 100 • Parthians Parthes 100 • pathography pathographie 100 • pathology pathologie 100 • pavement pavement 100 • pavilion pavillon 100 • paving dallage 100 • peace paix 100 • pectoral pectoral 100 • pedagogic card fiche pédagogique 101 • pedagogy pédagogie 101 • pedestal piédestal 101 • pedology pédologie 101 • pendant pendentif 101 • Pepy I Pépi Ier 101 • perfume parfum 101 • perfume burner brûle-parfum 101 • Pergamon Pergame 101 • periplus périple 101 • Persepolis Persépolis 101 • Persia Perse 101 • Persian domination Domination perse 101 • Persian Empire Empire perse 101 • Persian Gulf golfe Persique 101 • Persian Period Période perse 101

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 169 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• perspective perspective 101 • Peru Pérou 101 • pestle pilon 101 • Petra Pétra 102 • petroglyph pétroglyphe 102 • petrography pétrographie 102 • Pharaoh pharaon 102 • pharmacopoeia pharmacopée 102 • Philae Philae 102 • Philippines Philippines 102 • philology philologie 102 • philosophy philosophie 102 • Phoenicia Phénicie 102 • Phoenician phénicien 102 • Phoenician colony colonie phénicienne 102 • Phoenicians Phéniciens 102 • phosphate phosphate 102 • photogrammetry photogrammétrie 102 • photography photographie 102 • Phrygia Phrygie 102 • Phrygians Phrygiens 102 • physical analysis analyse physique 102 • physical anthropology anthropologie physique 102 • physician médecin 103 • physicochemical analysis analyse physicochimique 103 • pictogram pictogramme 103 • piece of furniture meuble 103 • pig porc 103 • pigment pigment 103 • pilgrimage pèlerinage 103 • pillar pilier 103 • pillow oreiller 103 • pin épingle 103 • pipe pipe 103 • pirogue coffin cercueil pirogue 103 • pisé pisé 103 • Pisidia Pisidie 103 • pit fosse 103 • pitcher cruche 103 • pithos pithos 103 • pithouse pithouse 103 • plan plan 103 • planning relevé 104 • plaque plaque 104 • plaquette plaquette 104 • plaster plâtre 104

170 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• platform plate forme 104 • plundering pillage 104 • poetry poésie 104 • polarized light microscopy microscopie en lumière polarisée 104 • police police 104 • politics politique 104 • polytheism polythéisme 104 • pomp apparat 104 • populating peuplement 104 • population population 104 • porcelain porcelaine 104 • port port 104 • portico portique 104 • portrait portrait 104 • Portugal Portugal 105 • Post-Angkorian Period Période post-angkorienne 105 • Post-classic Post-classique 105 • potter potier 105 • potter wheel tour de potier 105 • potter's workshop atelier de potier 105 • prayer prière 105 • Pre-Angkorian Period Période pré-angkorienne 105 • Precolombian Précolombien 105 • predynastic Prédynastique 105 • presentation présentation 105 • preservation préservation 105 • preventive conservation conservation préventive 105 • priest prêtre 105 • priestess prêtresse 105 • priesthood sacerdoce 105 • printing imprimerie 105 • prisoner prisonnier 105 • private property propriété privée 106 • profession métier 106 • program programme 106 • project projet 106 • proportion proportion 106 • prosopography prosopographie 106 • protome protome 106 • proton activation activation protonique 106 • psalter psautier 106 • Psammetichus I Psammétique Ier 106 • Psammetichus II Psammétique II 106 • pseudonym pseudonyme 106 • Psusennes I Psousennès I 106 • psychostasia psychostasie 106

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 171 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Ptah Ptah 106 • Ptolemaic Period Période ptolémaïque 107 • Ptolemy I Soter Ptolémée I Sôter 107 • Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolémée II Philadelphe 107 • Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolémée IV Philopator 107 • Ptolemy V Epiphanes Ptolémée V Épiphane 107 • Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolémée VI Philométor 107 • Ptolemy XII Auletes Ptolémée XII Aulète 107 • public public 107 • public building bâtiment public 107 • publication publication 107 • Punic Civilization Civilisation punique 107 • purification rite rite de purification 107 • purple pourpre 107 • pylon pylône 107 • pyramid pyramide 107 • Pyramid Texts Textes des Pyramides 107 • pyramidion pyramidion 107 • pyxis pyxide 107 • Pāla dynasty Dynastie Pāla 108 • Qajar dynasty Dynastie Quadjar 109 • qanat qanat 109 • Qatabanian qatabanite 109 • Qatna Qatna 109 • Qianlong Qianlong 109 • qibla qibla 109 • Qin dynasty Dynastie Qin 109 • Qing dynasty Dynastie Qing 109 • quarry carrière 109 • quarter quartier 109 • quartz quartz 109 • quartzite quartzite 109 • Quebec Québec 109 • queen reine 109 • quiver carquois 109 • radiocarbon dating datation radiocarbone 110 • radiography radiographie 110 • ram bélier 110 • Ramesseum Ramesseum 110 • Ramessid Period Époque ramesside 110 • rampart rempart 110 • Ramses Ramsès I 110 • Ramses II Ramsès II 110 • Ramses III Ramsès III 110 • Ramses IV Ramsès IV 110 • Ramses IX Ramsès IX 110

172 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Ramses V Ramsès V 110 • razor rasoir 110 • reconstitution reconstitution 110 • reconstruction reconstruction 110 • recording enregistrement 110 • Red Sea mer Rouge 111 • reign règne 111 • relation relation 111 • relationship parenté 111 • relic relique 111 • relief relief 111 • religion religion 111 • religious organization organisation religieuse 111 • remote sensing télédétection 111 • representation représentation 111 • rescue excavation fouille de sauvetage 111 • resin résine 111 • resistivity résistivité 111 • restoration restauration 111 • reuse remploi 111 • reused block bloc de remploi 111 • Rhodes Rhodes 111 • rhyton rhyton 111 • rice riz 112 • right (law) droit 112 • ring anneau 112 • rite rite 112 • ritual rituel 112 • river fleuve 112 • river navigation navigation fluviale 112 • road route 112 • rock architecture architecture rupestre 112 • rock art art rupestre 112 • rock crystal cristal de roche 112 • rock painting peinture rupestre 112 • rock relief relief rupestre 112 • Roman antiquity Antiquité romaine 112 • Roman Empire Empire romain 112 • Romans Romains 112 • roofing toiture 112 • rope corde 112 • rosette rosette 113 • Royal Archives Archives royales 113 • rubbing estampage 113 • sabre sabre 114 • sacred animal animal sacré 114

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 173 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• sacred lake lac sacré 114 • sacred tree arbre sacré 114 • sacrifice sacrifice 114 • saddle selle 114 • Safavid dynasty Dynastie Séfévide 114 • saline saline 114 • salt sel 114 • salvage sauvetage 114 • Samanid dynasty Dynastie Samanide 114 • Samaria Samarie 114 • Samarkand Samarcande 114 • samurai samouraï 114 • sanctuary sanctuaire 114 • sandal sandale 114 • sandstone grès 114 • Saqqara Saqqara 115 • sarcophagus sarcophage 115 • Sargon I Sargon I 115 • Sargon II Sargon II 115 • Sargon III Sargon III 115 • Sarnāth Sarnāth 115 • Sasanid dynasty Dynastie Sassanide 115 • satrap satrape 115 • scanning electron microscopy microscopie électronique à balayage 115 • scarab scarabée 115 • scaraboïd scaraboïde 115 • sceptre sceptre 115 • schist schiste 115 • science science 115 • screen paravent 115 • scribe scribe 115 • scroll rouleau 115 • sculptor sculpteur 116 • sculpture sculpture 116 • sculpture in the round ronde bosse 116 • Scythians Scythes 116 • sea mer 116 • Sea Peoples Peuples de la mer 116 • sea route route maritime 116 • seal cachet 116 • seal impression empreinte 116 • seashore littoral 116 • seat siège 116 • Second Intermediate Period Deuxième Période Intermédiaire 116 • Second Malla Period Seconde Époque Malla 116 • Second Persian domination Seconde domination perse 116

174 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• sediment sédiment 116 • sedimentology sédimentologie 116 • Sekhmet Sekhmet 116 • Seldjukid dynasty Dynastie Seldjoukide 116 • Seleucid dynasty Dynastie Séleucide 117 • semantics sémantique 117 • Sennacherib Sennachérib 117 • sensor capteur 117 • Senusret I Sésostris I 117 • Senusret II Sésostris II 117 • Senusret III Sésostris III 117 • Septimius Severus Septime Sévère 117 • Serapis Sérapis 117 • seriation sériation 117 • serpentine serpentine 117 • Seth Seth 117 • Sethy I Séthi I 117 • settlement habitat 117 • sewer égout 117 • sexuality sexualité 118 • shaft tomb tombe à puits 118 • Shah Jahan Shah Jahan 118 • Shahr-i Sokhta Shahr-i Sokhta 118 • Shang dynasty Dynastie Shang 118 • Shapur I Shapur Ier 118 • shawabti oushebti 118 • sheep mouton 118 • shell coquillage 118 • shell artefact objet en coquillage 118 • shell industry industrie coquillière 118 • shelter abri 118 • sherd tesson 118 • shield bouclier 118 • shoe chaussure 118 • shore rivage 118 • Shore Temple Temple du Rivage 118 • shroud linceul 118 • sickle faucille 118 • Sidon Sidon 119 • sieving tamisage 119 • silk soie 119 • Silk Road route de la soie 119 • silo silo 119 • silver argent 119 • silver artefact objet en argent 119 • sinology sinologie 119

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 175 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• sistrum sistre 119 • situla situle 119 • Six Dynasties Six Dynasties 119 • skeleton squelette 119 • skull crâne 119 • slavery esclavage 119 • Slovakia Slovaquie 119 • Slovenia Slovénie 119 • small boat barque 119 • small column colonnette 119 • smelting furnace haut-fourneau 120 • snake serpent 120 • snuffbox tabatière 120 • Sobek Sobek 120 • social organization organisation sociale 120 • social structure structure sociale 120 • society société 120 • society and institute société et institut 120 • sociology sociologie 120 • Sogdian Sogdiane 120 • soldier soldat 120 • Solomon Salomon 120 • Solomon Kingdom Royaume de Salomon 120 • Song dynasty Dynastie Song 120 • sorghum sorgho 120 • sorting classement 120 • souk souq 120 • South America Amérique du Sud 121 • South Asia Asie du Sud 121 • South-East Asia Asie du Sud-Est 121 • Southern and Northern Dynasties Dynasties du Nord et du Sud 121 • Southern Song Song du Sud 121 • Spain Espagne 121 • spatula spatule 121 • spear lance 121 • spearhead pointe de lance 121 • spectrometry spectrométrie 121 • sphinx sphinx 121 • spindle wheel fusaïole 121 • spiral spirale 121 • spit broche à rôtir 121 • spoon cuiller 121 • sport sport 121 • Spring and Autumn Period Période Printemps et Automne 121 • spur éperon 121 • Sri Lanka Sri Lanka 122

176 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• stained glass window vitrail 122 • staircase escalier 122 • stamp estampille 122 • stamp (philately) timbre 122 • standard banner étendard 122 • star astre 122 • state état 122 • statistics statistique 122 • statuary statuaire 122 • statue statue 122 • statuette statuette 122 • status statut 122 • steatite stéatite 122 • steatite artefact objet en stéatite 122 • steel acier 122 • steel artefact objet en acier 123 • stela stèle 123 • stick bâton 123 • stielting fonderie 123 • stirrup étrier 123 • stone pierre 123 • stone object objet en pierre 123 • storage réserve 123 • storehouse magasin 123 • story récit 123 • Strait of Gibraltar détroit de Gibraltar 123 • stratigraphy stratigraphie 123 • street rue 123 • strontium strontium 123 • stucco stuc 123 • stupa stupa 123 • style style 123 • stylistics stylistique 123 • Sudan Soudan 123 • Sufism soufisme 124 • Sui dynasty Dynastie Sui 124 • Sumerian sumérien 124 • sun soleil 124 • sundial cadran solaire 124 • supernova supernova 124 • Suppiluliuma II Suppiluliuma II 124 • supplying approvisionnement 124 • support support 124 • surgery chirurgie 124 • survey prospection 124 • Susa Suse 124

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 177 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• sutra sutra 124 • Swat Valley vallée de Swat 124 • swing plough araire 124 • sword épée 124 • symbol symbole 125 • symbolic gesture geste symbolique 125 • symbolics symbolique 125 • symbolism symbolisme 125 • synagogue synagogue 125 • syncretism syncrétisme 125 • synthesis synthèse 125 • Syria Syrie 125 • Syriac syriaque 125 • Syrian syrien 125 • Syrians Syriens 125 • system système 125 • Sātavāhana dynasty Dynastie des Sātavāhanas 125 • Sūrya Sūrya 125 • table table 126 • tablet tablette 126 • Taharqa Taharqa 126 • Taira Taira 126 • talatat talatat 126 • talisman talisman 126 • Talmud Talmud 126 • Tamil Nadu Tamil Nādu 126 • Tang dynasty Dynastie Tang 126 • Tanis Tanis 126 • Tanite dynasty Dynastie Tanite 126 • tank citerne 126 • Tantrism tantrisme 126 • Taoism taoïsme 126 • taotie taotie 126 • tapestry tapisserie 126 • Tara Tara 126 • tax impôt 127 • tax system fiscalité 127 • taxation taxation 127 • taxinomy taxinomie 127 • tea thé 127 • tea ceremony cérémonie du thé 127 • Tebtunis Tebtynis 127 • technique technique 127 • technology technologie 127 • Tel Dan Tel Dan 127 • tell tell 127

178 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Tell el-Amarna Tell el-Amarna 127 • temper dégraissant 127 • temple temple 127 • temple mountain temple-montagne 127 • tent tente 127 • Teotihuacan Teotihuacan 127 • terminology terminologie 127 • terrace terrasse 127 • terracotta terre cuite 128 • tessera tessère 128 • tetradrachma tétradrachme 128 • text texte 128 • textile textile 128 • Thailand Thaïlande 128 • thanka thangka 128 • theatre théâtre 128 • Thebes Thèbes 128 • theology théologie 128 • theory théorie 128 • thermae thermes 128 • thermoluminescence thermoluminescence 128 • thesis thèse 128 • Thinit Epoch Époque Thinite 128 • Thinite dynasty Dynastie Thinite 128 • Third Intermediate Period Troisième Période Intermédiaire 128 • Thot Thot 128 • Three Kingdoms Trois Royaumes 129 • throne trône 129 • Thutmosis III Thoutmosis III 129 • Tiberius Tibère 129 • Tibet Tibet 129 • Tiglath-Pileser I Tiglath-Pileser I 129 • Tiglath-Pileser III Tiglath-Pileser III 129 • Tikal Tikal 129 • tile carreau 129 • tile (roof) tuile 129 • time temps 129 • Timourid dynasty Dynastie Timouride 129 • tin étain 129 • titulary titulature 129 • toad crapaud 129 • toiletry article objet de toilette 129 • token jeton 130 • Tokugawa Tokugawa 130 • Toltec Civilization Civilisation toltèque 130 • Toltecs Toltèques 130

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 179 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• tool outil 130 • tooth dent 130 • tophet tophet 130 • topography topographie 130 • toponymy toponymie 130 • toreutics toreutique 130 • tower tour 130 • town ville 130 • town planning urbanisme 130 • toy jouet 130 • trace tracé 130 • trade commerce 130 • tradition tradition 130 • transcription transcription 131 • translation traduction 131 • transliteration translittération 131 • transmission electron microscopy microscopie électronique à transmission 131 • transport transport 131 • travel voyage 131 • traveller voyageur 131 • treasure trésor 131 • treatise traité 131 • treatment traitement 131 • tree arbre 131 • trepanation trépanation 131 • triad triade 131 • tribute tribut 131 • tripod trépied 131 • triumphal arch arc de triomphe 131 • tunic tunique 131 • Tunisia Tunisie 132 • tunnel tunnel 132 • Turkistan Turkestan 132 • turquoise turquoise 132 • turquoise artefact objet en turquoise 132 • turtle tortue 132 • turtle shell carapace de tortue 132 • Tutankhamun Toutânkhamon 132 • tuyere tuyère 132 • typology typologie 132 • Tyre Tyr 132 • Udjat Eye Oeil Oudjat 133 • ukiyo-e ukiyo-e 133 • Umayyad dynasty Dynastie Omeyyade 133 • Umma Umma 133 • underwater archaeology archéologie sub-aquatique 133

180 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary LIST OF ENTRIES

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• Ur Ur 133 • Ur III dynasty Dynastie d'Ur III 133 • Urartu Urartu 133 • urban archeology archéologie urbaine 133 • urbanization urbanisation 133 • urn urne 133 • Uzbekistan Ouzbékistan 133 • Valley of the Kings Vallée des Rois 134 • varnishing vernissage 134 • vase vase 134 • Vat Phu Vat Phu 134 • vault voûte 134 • Vedism védisme 134 • Vietnam Vietnam 134 • villa villa 134 • village village 134 • vine vigne 134 • Vishnuism vishnouisme 134 • visiting visite 134 • viticulture viticulture 134 • vizier vizir 134 • vocabulary vocabulaire 134 • volcanic eruption éruption volcanique 134 • wall mur 135 • wall painting peinture murale 135 • Waqf Waqf 135 • war guerre 135 • Warring States Period Période des Royaumes Combattants 135 • warrior guerrier 135 • water eau 135 • water logged wood bois gorgé d'eau 135 • watercolour aquarelle 135 • wax cire 135 • weapon arme 135 • wear usure 135 • weaving tissage 135 • weaving loom métier à tisser 135 • weaving tool outil de tissage 135 • weight poids 135 • well puits 135 • West Indies Antilles 136 • Western Zhou dynasty Dynastie des Zhou occidentaux 136 • wheel roue 136 • whistle sifflet 136 • wig perruque 136 • wine vin 136

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 181 LIST OF ENTRIES

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• wine press pressoir à vin 136 • woman femme 136 • wood bois 136 • wooden object objet en bois 136 • wool laine 136 • work travail 136 • workman ouvrier 136 • workshop atelier 136 • wrapping bandelette 136 • wrestling lutte 136 • writing écriture 136 • X ray diffraction diffraction X 137 • X ray fluorescence spectrometry spectrométrie de fluorescence X 137 • X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy spectrométrie photoélectronique X 137 • xeroradiography xéroradiographie 137 • Xerxes Xerxès 137 • Xi Xia Empire Empire Xi Xia 137 • Xi'an Xi'an 137 • Xiongnu Xiongnu 137 • xylography xylographie 137 • yak yak 138 • Yayoi Yayoi 138 • Yemen Yémen 138 • Yukatan Yukatan 138 • Yüan dynasty Dynastie Yuan 138 • Zen zen 139 • ziggurat ziggurat 139 • Zimri-Lim Zimri-Lim 139 • zinc zinc 139 • zodiac zodiaque 139 • zoomorphism zoomorphisme 139 • zootechny zootechnie 139 • Zoroastrianism zoroastrisme 139

182 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Collections

Grouping by semantic type Activity / Behavior / Society Activity acquisition (p.19) aesthetics (p.19) agriculture (p.20) astrology (p.26) ball game (p.28) banquet (p.28) bone industry (p.31) breeding (p.32) census (p.36) ceremony (p.38) colonization (p.42) conservation (p.43) cultual practice (p.45) dance (p.47) decipherment (p.48) deforestation (p.48) deportation (p.49) diet (p.49) domestic activity (p.50) donation (p.50) education (p.54) exhibition (p.57) expedition (p.57) fishing (p.59) fittings (p.59) funerary practice (p.60) funerary rite (p.60) game (p.62) horse riding (p.69) human sacrifice (p.69) hunting (p.69) illicit excavation (p.71) incineration (p.72) inhumation (p.73) inventory (p.73) libation (p.82) localization (p.83) manufacture (p.85) mining (p.90) music (p.92) navigation (p.93) oil mill (p.96) periplus (p.101) pilgrimage (p.103) plundering (p.104) prayer (p.105) presentation (p.105) preservation (p.105) profession (p.106) purification rite (p.107) reconstruction (p.110) rescue excavation (p.111) reuse (p.111) ritual (p.112) river navigation (p.112) sacrifice (p.114) salvage (p.114) shell industry (p.118) sport (p.121) supplying (p.124) taxation (p.127) tea ceremony (p.127) trade (p.130) transport (p.131) travel (p.131) visiting (p.134)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 183 COLLECTIONS

work (p.136) wrestling (p.136) Economic concept or system accounts (p.19) barter (p.29) coin (p.42) dinar (p.49) dirham (p.49) economy (p.53) inheritance (p.72) market (p.85) money circulation (p.90) tax (p.127) tribute (p.131) Function ancient author (p.23) archaeologist (p.24) archer (p.24) architect (p.24) artist (p.25) cavalry (p.36) collector (p.42) concubine (p.43) craftsman (p.44) curator (p.46) Egyptologist (p.54) forger (p.59) horseman (p.69) khan (p.78) king (p.78) mercenary (p.87) monk (p.90) nomarch (p.95) official (p.96) Orientalist (p.97) painter (p.99) Pharaoh (p.102) physician (p.103) potter (p.105) priest (p.105) priestess (p.105) priesthood (p.105) prisoner (p.105) public (p.107) queen (p.109) satrap (p.115) scribe (p.115) sculptor (p.116) soldier (p.120) status (p.122) titulary (p.129) traveller (p.131) vizier (p.134) warrior (p.135) workman (p.136) Group of individuals Crusaders (p.45) Essenes (p.56) Muslims (p.92) population (p.104) Interaction cultural relation (p.45) relation (p.111) relationship (p.111) Organization / Institution academy (p.19) clergy (p.41) cultural department (p.45) Egyptian Museum in Cairo (p.54) European Union (p.57) institute (p.73) institution (p.73)

184 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

laboratory (p.80) library (p.82) museum (p.92) National Museum of Phnom Penh (p.93) society and institute (p.120) state (p.122) Waqf (p.135) Organizational system administration (p.19) army (p.25) coregency (p.43) endogamy (p.55) justice (p.77) kingdom (p.78) matriarchy (p.86) organization (p.97) organization of research (p.97) police (p.104) politics (p.104) religious organization (p.111) samurai (p.114) social organization (p.120) social structure (p.120) society (p.120) tax system (p.127) Sociocultural phenomenon desertion of site (p.49) Egyptomania (p.54) emigration (p.55) iconoclasm (p.71) migration (p.88) urbanization (p.133) war (p.135) Activity / Behavior / Society_Miscellaneous artistic taste (p.25) civilization (p.40) colony (p.42) cremation (p.45) cult (p.45) daily life (p.47) diplomacy (p.49) divination (p.50) domestication (p.50) festival (p.58) harem (p.66) homage (p.68) immigration (p.71) influence (p.72) legion (p.81) marriage (p.85) nomadism (p.95) program (p.106) project (p.106) rite (p.112) sexuality (p.118) slavery (p.119) town planning (p.130) tradition (p.130) Idea / Abstraction Classification / Nomenclature canon of proportion (p.35) classification (p.40) nomenclature (p.95) sorting (p.120) taxinomy (p.127) typology (p.132) Concept Literary pattern / Literary theme bestiary (p.30) eroticism (p.56) master of animals (p.86) taotie (p.126)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 185 COLLECTIONS

Mathematical concept number (p.95) Metrological object cubit (p.45) Sign / Symbol alphabet (p.21) ankh (p.23) arabesque (p.24) cartouche (p.35) cross (p.45) Cufic (p.45) cuneiform (p.46) demotic (p.48) emblem (p.55) glyph (p.63) hieratic (p.67) hieroglyph (p.67) letter (p.81) mark (p.85) pictogram (p.103) symbol (p.125) symbolic gesture (p.125) writing (p.136) Concept_Miscellaneous Churning of the Milk Ocean (p.40) David Kingdom (p.47) deity (p.48) demon (p.48) fecundity (p.58) god (p.63) Golden ratio (p.64) immortality (p.71) kingship (p.78) name (p.93) psychostasia (p.106) Solomon Kingdom (p.120) spiral (p.121) triad (p.131) Udjat Eye (p.133) Current of thought / Doctrine aniconism (p.23) Buddhism (p.33) Christianity (p.40) Copt (p.43) demonology (p.48) Essenian (p.56) Hellenism (p.67) Hinduism (p.68) Islam (p.74) Jainism (p.76) Japonism (p.76) Judaism (p.77) Lamaism (p.80) Manicheism (p.85) Mathura School (p.86) Mazdaism (p.86) monasticism (p.90) monotheism (p.91) Nestorianism (p.94) polytheism (p.104) religion (p.111) Sufism (p.124) Tantrism (p.126) Taoism (p.126) Vedism (p.134) Vishnuism (p.134) Zen (p.139) Zoroastrianism (p.139) Discipline aerial archaeology (p.19) anatomy (p.22) anthropology (p.23)

186 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

archaeoastronomy (p.24) archaeology (p.24) archaeometallurgy (p.24) archaeometry (p.24) archaeozoology (p.24) art history (p.25) Assyriology (p.26) astronomy (p.26) Biblical archaeology (p.30) biology (p.30) botany (p.31) ceramology (p.38) chemistry (p.39) climatology (p.41) computing (p.42) cosmetology (p.44) cynegetic (p.46) ecology (p.53) Egyptology (p.54) epigraphy (p.56) epistemology (p.56) ethnoarchaeology (p.56) ethnography (p.56) ethnohistory (p.56) ethnology (p.56) etymology (p.56) genealogy (p.62) geography (p.62) geology (p.62) geometry (p.62) geomorphology (p.62) geophysics (p.63) histology (p.68) historical geography (p.68) history (p.68) hydrography (p.69) hydrology (p.69) iconography (p.71) Indology (p.72) Iranology (p.73) Islamology (p.74) lexicocraphy (p.81) linguitics (p.82) literature (p.82) mathematics (p.86) medecine (p.87) metrology (p.88) mineralogy (p.89) museology (p.92) numismatics (p.95) odontology (p.96) onomastic (p.97) ophtamology (p.97) palaeoanthropology (p.99) palaeobotany (p.99) palaeoclimatology (p.99) palaeoecology (p.99) palaeography (p.99) papyrology (p.100) pathography (p.100) pedagogy (p.101) pedology (p.101) petrography (p.102) philology (p.102) philosophy (p.102) physical anthropology (p.102) preventive conservation (p.105) right (law) (p.112) science (p.115) sedimentology (p.116) semantics (p.117) sinology (p.119)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 187 COLLECTIONS

sociology (p.120) stylistics (p.123) surgery (p.124) theology (p.128) underwater archaeology (p.133) urban archeology (p.133) zootechny (p.139) Juridical concept / Principle of law legislation (p.81) private property (p.106) Theory / Theoretical model system (p.125) theory (p.128) Idea / Abstraction_Miscellaneous art (p.25) cinema (p.40) contemporary art (p.43) cosmogony (p.44) cosmography (p.44) cosmology (p.44) culture (p.45) deification (p.48) demography (p.48) goddess (p.63) law (p.81) magic (p.84) mystery (p.92) myth (p.92) mythology (p.92) oracle (p.97) Orientalism (p.97) pantheon (p.100) peace (p.100) pomp (p.104) symbolics (p.125) symbolism (p.125) syncretism (p.125) toponymy (p.130) zodiac (p.139) Language Glottonym Akkadian (p.20) Arabic (p.24) Assyrian (p.26) Babylonian (p.28) Choresmian (p.39) Elamite (p.54) Hittite (p.68) Latin (p.81) Manchu (p.84) Mandaean (p.85) Meroitic (p.87) Min (p.89) Neobabylonian (p.94) Palaeobabylonian (p.99) Phoenician (p.102) Qatabanian (p.109) Sumerian (p.124) Syriac (p.125) Syrian (p.125) Language_Miscellaneous glossary (p.63) grammar (p.64) language (p.80) pseudonym (p.106) terminology (p.127) vocabulary (p.134) Living being Animal Invertebrate bee (p.29) cardium (p.35)

188 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Vertebrate baboon (p.28) bird (p.30) bull (p.33) camel (p.34) cat (p.36) cock (p.41) crocodile (p.45) deer (p.48) dog (p.50) donkey (p.50) eagle (p.53) elephant (p.55) falcon (p.58) fish (p.59) frog (p.60) gazelle (p.62) giraffe (p.63) hedgehog (p.67) hippopotamus (p.68) horse (p.69) ibex (p.71) ibis (p.71) jaguar (p.76) lama (p.80) lion (p.82) monkey (p.90) ostrich (p.98) pig (p.103) ram (p.110) sheep (p.118) snake (p.120) toad (p.129) turtle (p.132) yak (p.138) Animal_Miscellaneous animal (p.23) cattle (p.36) fauna (p.58) sacred animal (p.114) scarab (p.115) Human child (p.39) man (p.84) woman (p.136) Vegetal bamboo (p.28) cereal (p.38) chrysanthemum (p.40) cotton (p.44) edible plant (p.53) flax (p.59) flora (p.59) flower (p.59) hemp (p.67) lotus (p.83) maize (p.84) millet (p.89) palm tree (p.100) rice (p.112) sacred tree (p.114) sorghum (p.120) tree (p.131) vine (p.134) Material / Matter / State of matter Material / Product / Substance Metal alloy (p.21) brass (p.32) copper (p.43) electrum (p.54) gold (p.63)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 189 COLLECTIONS

iron (p.74) lead (p.81) metal (p.88) silver (p.119) steel (p.122) tin (p.129) zinc (p.139) Mineral agate (p.20) amethyst (p.22) calcite (p.34) chalcedony (p.38) cornelian (p.43) feldspar (p.58) galena (p.62) garnet (p.62) gem (p.62) gypsum (p.65) haematite (p.66) mineral (p.89) rock crystal (p.112) serpentine (p.117) turquoise (p.132) Organic material ivory (p.74) lacquer (p.80) leather (p.81) linen (p.82) mother of pearl (p.91) oil (p.96) paper (p.100) resin (p.111) silk (p.119) water logged wood (p.135) wood (p.136) wool (p.136) Rock alabaster (p.20) amphibole (p.22) basalt (p.29) clay (p.41) flint (p.59) granite (p.64) jade (p.76) jasper (p.76) lapis-lazuli (p.80) limestone (p.82) marble (p.85) obsidian (p.96) quartz (p.109) quartzite (p.109) sandstone (p.114) schist (p.115) steatite (p.122) Material / Product / Substance_Miscellaneous adobe (p.19) amber (p.21) bitumen (p.31) block (p.31) canvas (p.35) cloth (p.41) cosmetic (p.44) crystal (p.45) dryed mud (p.51) dye (p.51) Egyptian blue (p.54) enamel (p.55) enamelled paste (p.55) frit (p.60) glass (p.63) incense (p.72) ink (p.73)

190 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

lava (p.81) lustre (p.83) material (p.86) microrest (p.88) molten glass (p.90) mortar (p.91) mummy cartonnage (p.91) myrrh (p.92) naphtha (p.93) natron (p.93) ointment (p.96) perfume (p.101) pigment (p.103) pisé (p.103) plaster (p.104) porcelain (p.104) purple (p.107) reused block (p.111) stone (p.123) stucco (p.123) temper (p.127) terracotta (p.128) textile (p.128) wax (p.135) Matter compound Chemical compound Biological compound Protein / Peptide / Aminoacid aminoacid (p.22) Drug pharmacopoeia (p.102) Toxicant drug (p.51) Chemical compound_Miscellaneous phosphate (p.102) salt (p.114) Chemical element / Ion / Isotope / Simple body isotope (p.74) strontium (p.123) Material / Matter / State of matter_Miscellaneous water (p.135) Object Building / Infrastructure Architectural element or structure architectural decoration (p.24) architectural element (p.24) barrel vault (p.28) capital (p.35) ceiling (p.36) column (p.42) corbelled vault (p.43) dome (p.50) interior decoration (p.73) keystone (p.78) lintel (p.82) medallion (p.87) mihrab (p.89) pavement (p.100) paving (p.100) pillar (p.103) small column (p.119) staircase (p.122) vault (p.134) Building / Infrastructure_Miscellaneous Alhambra (p.21) amphitheatre (p.22) aqueduct (p.23) architecture (p.24) baptistry (p.28) basilica (p.29) basin (p.29) bath (p.29)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 191 COLLECTIONS

bridge (p.32) building (p.33) canal (p.34) caravansary (p.35) cardo (p.35) castle (p.35) catacombs (p.36) cave (p.36) cave temple (p.36) cenotaph (p.36) chapel (p.39) church (p.40) citadel (p.40) colonnade (p.42) convent (p.43) dam (p.47) decumanus (p.48) dromos (p.50) encampment (p.55) enclosure (p.55) fortification (p.59) fortress (p.59) forum (p.60) foundation (p.60) fountain (p.60) funerary complex (p.60) furnace (p.60) granary (p.64) gymnasium (p.64) hammam (p.66) hearth (p.67) hermitage (p.67) hippodrome (p.68) house (p.69) hypogeum (p.70) hypostyle hall (p.70) kiosk (p.79) kurgan (p.79) latrines (p.81) lighthouse (p.82) limes (p.82) madrasa (p.84) mastaba (p.86) mausoleum (p.86) megalith (p.87) mill (p.89) minaret (p.89) mine (p.89) monastery (p.90) monument (p.91) mortuary temple (p.91) mosque (p.91) mound (p.91) naos (p.93) necropolis (p.94) nymphaeum (p.95) observatory (p.96) oratory (p.97) pagoda (p.99) palace (p.99) pavilion (p.100) pit (p.103) pithouse (p.103) platform (p.104) port (p.104) portico (p.104) public building (p.107) pylon (p.107) pyramid (p.107) qanat (p.109) quarter (p.109) rampart (p.110)

192 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

road (p.112) rock architecture (p.112) saline (p.114) sanctuary (p.114) screen (p.115) sewer (p.117) shaft tomb (p.118) silo (p.119) smelting furnace (p.120) souk (p.120) storage (p.123) storehouse (p.123) street (p.123) stupa (p.123) synagogue (p.125) tank (p.126) temple (p.127) temple mountain (p.127) terrace (p.127) theatre (p.128) thermae (p.128) tophet (p.130) tower (p.130) town (p.130) triumphal arch (p.131) tunnel (p.132) villa (p.134) village (p.134) wall (p.135) well (p.135) ziggurat (p.139) Food beer (p.29) bread (p.32) milk (p.89) tea (p.127) wine (p.136) Machine Device / Apparatus clepsydra (p.41) doorsocket (p.50) lighting (p.82) magnetometer (p.84) sensor (p.117) tuyere (p.132) Machine / Equipment weaving loom (p.135) wine press (p.136) Object_Miscellaneous adze (p.19) agate artefact (p.20) alabaster artefact (p.20) alabastron (p.20) altar (p.21) amber artefact (p.21) ambo (p.21) amethyst artefact (p.22) amphora (p.22) amulet (p.22) anchor (p.23) armlet (p.25) arrow (p.25) arrowhead (p.25) artefact (p.25) awl (p.27) axe (p.27) baked brick (p.28) balance (p.28) balance weigh (p.28) bamboo artefact (p.28) banner (p.28) bead (p.29)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 193 COLLECTIONS

bed (p.29) bell (p.29) bellows (p.30) belt (p.30) belt buckle (p.30) bevelled-rim bowl (p.30) binding (p.30) bit (p.30) bitumen artefact (p.31) blade (p.31) boat (p.31) bone object (p.31) bottle (p.32) bow (p.32) bowl (p.32) box (p.32) bracelet (p.32) bradawl (p.32) brass artefact (p.32) brazier (p.32) bread oven (p.32) brick (p.32) bronze artefact (p.32) brooch (p.32) bucranium (p.33) burner (p.33) button (p.33) calculi (p.34) candelabrum (p.34) carpet (p.35) casket (p.35) cauldron (p.36) ceramics (p.38) chariot (p.39) chariot equipment (p.39) chisel (p.39) cinerary urn (p.40) clay artefact (p.41) clothing (p.41) coffer (p.42) coffin (p.42) comb (p.42) cone (p.43) container (p.43) copper artefact (p.43) cosmetic spoon (p.44) costume (p.44) cowry (p.44) crown (p.45) crystal object (p.45) cult object (p.45) cup (p.46) dagger (p.47) demonstration model (p.48) dental prothesis (p.48) diadem (p.49) die (p.49) dish (p.49) dishware (p.49) disk (p.49) door (p.50) draughtboard (p.50) drum (p.51) earring (p.53) educational material (p.54) electronic calculator (p.54) electrum artefact (p.55) enamel artefact (p.55) esparto ware (p.56) eulogy ampulla (p.56) ewer (p.57) ex-voto (p.57)

194 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

faience (p.58) fan (p.58) fastener (p.58) fibula (p.58) flag stone (p.59) flask (p.59) funerary cone (p.60) funerary urn (p.60) furniture (p.60) furniture (house) (p.61) gargoyle (p.62) glass artefact (p.63) goblet (p.63) gold artefact (p.63) halberd (p.66) harness (p.66) harnessing (p.66) harp (p.66) harpoon (p.66) headdress (p.67) headrest (p.67) helmet (p.67) hoe (p.68) horn (p.68) horn artefact (p.69) incantation bowl (p.72) incense burner (p.72) ingot (p.72) ink stone (p.73) inkpot (p.73) inscribed bamboo (p.73) instrument (p.73) iron artefact (p.74) ivory artefact (p.74) jade artefact (p.76) jar (p.76) jewel (p.76) jug (p.77) kilim (p.78) kiln (p.78) knapping workshop (p.79) knife (p.79) lamp (p.80) laqueware artefact (p.80) lead artefact (p.81) leather artefact (p.81) lithic industry (p.82) lithic tool (p.82) lithophone (p.83) locket (p.83) mace (p.84) mace head (p.84) marble artefact (p.85) mask (p.86) mat (p.86) metal object (p.88) microlith (p.88) milestone (p.89) millstone (p.89) mirror (p.90) mould (p.91) mud artefact (p.91) mud brick (p.91) mummy label (p.92) musical instrument (p.92) nacre artefact (p.93) nail (p.93) narghile (p.93) necklace (p.94) needle (p.94) net (p.94) netsuke (p.94)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 195 COLLECTIONS

netting (p.94) nilometer (p.95) obsidian artefact (p.96) oenochoe (p.96) offering (p.96) oil press (p.96) orant (p.97) ornament (p.97) orthostat (p.98) ossuary (p.98) painting materiels (p.99) palanquin (p.99) pectoral (p.100) pedestal (p.101) pendant (p.101) perfume burner (p.101) pestle (p.101) piece of furniture (p.103) pillow (p.103) pin (p.103) pipe (p.103) pirogue coffin (p.103) pitcher (p.103) pithos (p.103) plaquette (p.104) potter wheel (p.105) potter's workshop (p.105) protome (p.106) pyramidion (p.107) pyxis (p.107) quiver (p.109) razor (p.110) rhyton (p.111) ring (p.112) roofing (p.112) rope (p.112) rosette (p.113) sabre (p.114) saddle (p.114) sandal (p.114) sarcophagus (p.115) sceptre (p.115) seat (p.116) shell artefact (p.118) shield (p.118) shoe (p.118) shroud (p.118) sickle (p.118) silver artefact (p.119) sistrum (p.119) situla (p.119) small boat (p.119) snuffbox (p.120) spatula (p.121) spear (p.121) spearhead (p.121) spindle wheel (p.121) spit (p.121) spoon (p.121) spur (p.121) stained glass window (p.122) stamp (p.122) standard banner (p.122) steatite artefact (p.122) steel artefact (p.123) stick (p.123) stirrup (p.123) stone object (p.123) sundial (p.124) support (p.124) swing plough (p.124) sword (p.124)

196 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

table (p.126) talatat (p.126) talisman (p.126) tent (p.127) tessera (p.128) throne (p.129) tile (p.129) tile (roof) (p.129) toiletry article (p.129) token (p.130) tool (p.130) toy (p.130) treasure (p.131) tripod (p.131) tunic (p.131) turquoise artefact (p.132) urn (p.133) vase (p.134) weapon (p.135) weaving tool (p.135) weight (p.135) wheel (p.136) whistle (p.136) wig (p.136) wooden object (p.136) workshop (p.136) wrapping (p.136) Personality / Divinity Anthroponym 'Abd al-Samad (p.6) Ahmosis I (p.20) Ahmosis II (p.20) Akbar (p.20) Akhenaton (p.20) Alexander the Great (p.21) Amenemhet I (p.21) Amenemhet II (p.21) Amenemhet III (p.21) Amenemhet IV (p.22) Amenemhet V (p.22) Amenhotep I (p.22) Amenhotep II (p.22) Amenophis III (p.22) Antoninus Pius (p.23) Ashurbanipal (p.25) Ashurnasirpal I (p.25) Ashurnasirpal II (p.26) Asoka (p.26) Augustus (p.26) Basawan (p.29) Bellerophon (p.30) Cambyses II (p.34) Cheops (p.39) Cleopatra I (p.41) Cleopatra II (p.41) Cleopatra III (p.41) Cleopatra IV (p.41) Cleopatra VI (p.41) Cleopatra VII (p.41) Constantine (p.43) Cyrus II the Great (p.46) Darius (p.47) Darius I (p.47) David (p.47) Esarhaddon (p.56) Hadrian (p.66) Hatshepsut (p.67) Helios (p.67) Horemheb (p.68) Jahangir (p.76) Jean-François Champollion (p.76) Manethon (p.85)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 197 COLLECTIONS

Menes (p.87) Naram-Sin (p.93) Nectanebo II (p.94) Nefertari (p.94) Nefertiti (p.94) Pepy I (p.101) Psammetichus I (p.106) Psammetichus II (p.106) Psusennes I (p.106) Ptolemy I Soter (p.107) Ptolemy II Philadelphus (p.107) Ptolemy IV Philopator (p.107) Ptolemy V Epiphanes (p.107) Ptolemy VI Philometor (p.107) Ptolemy XII Auletes (p.107) Qianlong (p.109) Ramses (p.110) Ramses II (p.110) Ramses III (p.110) Ramses IV (p.110) Ramses IX (p.110) Ramses V (p.110) Sargon I (p.115) Sargon II (p.115) Sargon III (p.115) Sea Peoples (p.116) Sennacherib (p.117) Senusret I (p.117) Senusret II (p.117) Senusret III (p.117) Septimius Severus (p.117) Sethy I (p.117) Shah Jahan (p.118) Shapur I (p.118) Solomon (p.120) Suppiluliuma II (p.124) Taharqa (p.126) Taira (p.126) Tara (p.126) Thutmosis III (p.129) Tiberius (p.129) Tiglath-Pileser I (p.129) Tiglath-Pileser III (p.129) Tutankhamun (p.132) Xerxes (p.137) Zimri-Lim (p.139) Divinity Amun (p.22) Astarte (p.26) Avalokiteśvara (p.27) Bastet (p.29) Bes (p.30) Coatlicue (p.41) Coyolxauhqui (p.44) Cybele (p.46) Ganeśa (p.62) Hathor (p.66) Hercule (p.67) Horus (p.69) Huitzilopochtli (p.69) Ištar (p.75) Maitreya (p.84) Marduk (p.85) Mañjuśrī (p.86) Mithra (p.90) Nout (p.95) Osiris (p.98) Ptah (p.106) Sekhmet (p.116) Serapis (p.117) Seth (p.117) Sobek (p.120)

198 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Sūrya (p.125) Thot (p.128) Imaginary being / Imaginary animal dragon (p.50) griffin (p.64) sphinx (p.121) People / Ethnic group Akkadians (p.20) Aramaic people (p.24) Assyrians (p.26) Bedouins (p.29) Carthaginians (p.35) Chancas (p.38) Chichimec (p.39) Cimmerians (p.40) Hittites (p.68) Hurrians (p.69) Incas (p.72) Mayas (p.86) Medes (p.87) Mongols (p.90) Nabataeans (p.93) Olmecs (p.97) Palestinians (p.99) Parthians (p.100) Phoenicians (p.102) Phrygians (p.102) Romans (p.112) Scythians (p.116) Syrians (p.125) Toltecs (p.130) Xiongnu (p.137) Personality / Divinity_Miscellaneous Buddha (p.33) Phenomenon / Process / Property Biological phenomenon / Physiological phenomenon mortality (p.91) Disease disease (p.49) dwarfism (p.51) leprosy (p.81) malnutrition (p.84) pathology (p.100) Natural phenomenon / Induced phenomenon climate (p.41) drought (p.50) earthquake (p.53) eclipse (p.53) flood (p.59) natural disaster (p.93) volcanic eruption (p.134) Physical phenomenon / Chemical phenomenon fire (p.58) magnetism (p.84) Property / Parameter / Characteristic baroque (p.28) blue and white (p.31) colour (p.42) decoration (p.48) forgery (p.59) function (p.60) hygrometry (p.69) isotopic ratio (p.74) morphology (p.91) nomad (p.95) proportion (p.106) resistivity (p.111) scaraboïd (p.115) shelter (p.118) style (p.123) zoomorphism (p.139) Phenomenon / Process / Property_Miscellaneous

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 199 COLLECTIONS

birth (p.30) corrosion (p.44) degradation (p.48) destruction (p.49) deterioration (p.49) development (p.49) evolution (p.57) expansion (p.57) hydration (p.69) natural mummification (p.93) populating (p.104) wear (p.135) Space Celestial object constellation (p.43) moon (p.91) star (p.122) sun (p.124) supernova (p.124) Environment Soil sediment (p.116) Environment_Miscellaneous environment (p.55) garden (p.62) karst (p.78) lake (p.80) landscape (p.80) oasis (p.96) quarry (p.109) river (p.112) sea (p.116) seashore (p.116) shore (p.118) tell (p.127) Space concept acropolis (p.19) burial (p.33) camp (p.34) caravan route (p.35) cemetery (p.36) ceremonial centre (p.38) distribution (p.50) itinerary (p.74) nome (p.95) orientation (p.97) parallel (p.100) Phoenician colony (p.102) plan (p.103) qibla (p.109) sacred lake (p.114) sea route (p.116) settlement (p.117) Silk Road (p.119) Toponym Abu Simbel (p.19) Abusir (p.19) Abydos (p.19) Afghanistan (p.19) Akkad (p.20) Alexandria (p.21) Algeria (p.21) America (p.22) Amorium (p.22) Andes (p.23) Angkor (p.23) Angkor Thom (p.23) Anuradhapura (p.23) Anyang (p.23) Arabia (p.24) Armenia (p.25) Ashkelon (p.25)

200 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Asia (p.26) Asia Minor (p.26) Assur (p.26) Assyria (p.26) Aswân (p.26) Asyut (p.26) Babylon (p.28) Babylonia (p.28) Bagram (p.28) Bawit (p.29) Beijing (p.29) Belgium (p.29) Berot (p.30) Bethlehem (p.30) Black Sea (p.31) Bolivia (p.31) Borobudur (p.31) Borsippa (p.31) Burma (p.33) Byblos (p.33) Byzantium (p.33) Caesarea Maritima (p.34) Calakmul (p.34) Caliphate of Córdoba (p.34) Cambodia (p.34) Capernaum (p.35) Cappadocia (p.35) Caria (p.35) Carthage (p.35) Central America (p.36) Central Asia (p.36) Chichén Itzá (p.39) Chile (p.39) China (p.39) China Sea (p.39) Chorasmia (p.39) Cilicia (p.40) Claros (p.40) Colombia (p.42) Cordoba (p.43) Crete (p.45) Ctesiphon (p.45) Cuzco (p.46) Cyprus (p.46) Cyrenaica (p.46) Cyrene (p.46) Dahshur (p.47) Dakhla Oasis (p.47) Daulatabad (p.47) Dead Sea (p.47) Deir el-Bahari (p.48) Deir el-Medina (p.48) Didyma (p.49) Dor (p.50) Dunhuang (p.51) Dur-Sharrukin (p.51) Ebla (p.53) Ecuador (p.53) Edfu (p.53) Egypt (p.54) El-Kab (p.54) El-Tod (p.54) Elam (p.54) Elephantine (p.55) Ellora (p.55) Ephesus (p.56) Erythrea (p.56) Euphrates (p.56) Far East (p.58) Fayum (p.58) former USSR (p.59) France (p.60)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 201 COLLECTIONS

Galilee (p.62) Gandhāra (p.62) Germany (p.63) Gordion (p.64) Great Britain (p.64) Guangdong (p.64) Guatemala (p.64) Haryana (p.66) Hatra (p.66) Heliopolis (p.67) Hierakonpolis (p.67) Himalaya (p.68) Honduras (p.68) Iberian Peninsula (p.71) India (p.72) Indonesia (p.72) Inner Mongolia (p.73) Ionia (p.73) Iran (p.73) Iraq (p.74) Israel (p.74) Italy (p.74) Japan (p.76) Java (p.76) Jéricho (p.76) Jingdezhen (p.76) Jordan (p.76) Judaea (p.76) Judean desert (p.77) Kamakura (p.78) karkemish (p.78) Kañcīpuram (p.78) Khajurāho (p.78) Kharga Oasis (p.78) Kingdom of Israel (p.78) Kingdom of Judah (p.78) Knidos (p.79) Korea (p.79) Kyōto (p.79) Laos (p.80) Larsa (p.80) Levant (p.81) Libya (p.82) Luristan (p.83) Luxembourg (p.83) Luxor (p.83) Lycia (p.83) Lydia (p.83) Maat (p.84) Mahābalipuram (p.84) Malaysia (p.84) Margiana (p.85) Mari (p.85) Marina el-Alamein (p.85) Masada (p.85) Mathurā (p.86) Mediterranean Basin (p.87) Mediterranean Sea (p.87) Megiddo (p.87) Meidum (p.87) Memphis (p.87) Merowe (p.87) Merv (p.87) Mesoamerica (p.87) Mesopotamia (p.88) Mexico (p.88) Miletus (p.89) Mitanni (p.90) Mongolia (p.90) Morocco (p.91) Nabatene (p.93) Nara (p.93)

202 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Nepal (p.94) New Mexico (p.94) Nile Delta (p.95) Nile Valley (p.95) Nineveh (p.95) North Africa (p.95) North America (p.95) Nubia (p.95) Oaxaca (p.96) Palestine (p.99) Palmyra (p.100) Pamphylia (p.100) Parthian Kingdom (p.100) Pergamon (p.101) Persepolis (p.101) Persia (p.101) Persian Gulf (p.101) Peru (p.101) Petra (p.102) Philae (p.102) Philippines (p.102) Phoenicia (p.102) Phrygia (p.102) Pisidia (p.103) Portugal (p.105) Qatna (p.109) Quebec (p.109) Red Sea (p.111) Rhodes (p.111) Samaria (p.114) Samarkand (p.114) Saqqara (p.115) Sarnāth (p.115) Shahr-i Sokhta (p.118) Sidon (p.119) Slovakia (p.119) Slovenia (p.119) Sogdian (p.120) South America (p.121) South Asia (p.121) South-East Asia (p.121) Spain (p.121) Sri Lanka (p.122) Strait of Gibraltar (p.123) Sudan (p.123) Susa (p.124) Swat Valley (p.124) Syria (p.125) Tamil Nadu (p.126) Tanis (p.126) Tebtunis (p.127) Tel Dan (p.127) Tell el-Amarna (p.127) Teotihuacan (p.127) Thailand (p.128) Thebes (p.128) Tibet (p.129) Tikal (p.129) Tunisia (p.132) Turkistan (p.132) Tyre (p.132) Umma (p.133) Ur (p.133) Urartu (p.133) Uzbekistan (p.133) Valley of the Kings (p.134) Vat Phu (p.134) Vietnam (p.134) West Indies (p.136) Xi'an (p.137) Yemen (p.138) Yukatan (p.138)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 203 COLLECTIONS

Space_Miscellaneous archaeological site (p.24) excavation site (p.57) topography (p.130) Structure of living being Anatomy / Organ / Biological fluid bone (p.31) eye (p.57) foot (p.59) hair (p.66) hand (p.66) human body (p.69) shell (p.118) skeleton (p.119) skull (p.119) tooth (p.130) turtle shell (p.132) Structure of living being_Miscellaneous egg (p.54) human remain (p.69) mummy (p.91) ostotheca (p.98) Technique / Method Analysis / Measure analysis (p.22) calibration (p.34) chemical analysis (p.39) chromatography (p.40) dating (p.47) dendrochronology (p.48) electromagnetism (p.54) electronic spin resonance (p.54) granulometry (p.64) infrared spectroscopy (p.72) land surveying (p.80) measurement (p.86) metallography (p.88) microprobe (p.88) neutron activation (p.94) optical microscopy (p.97) palynology (p.100) photogrammetry (p.102) physical analysis (p.102) physicochemical analysis (p.103) polarized light microscopy (p.104) proton activation (p.106) radiocarbon dating (p.110) radiography (p.110) remote sensing (p.111) scanning electron microscopy (p.115) spectrometry (p.121) thermoluminescence (p.128) transmission electron microscopy (p.131) X ray diffraction (p.137) X ray fluorescence spectrometry (p.137) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (p.137) Design building technique (p.33) damascening (p.47) industry (p.72) inlay (p.73) lost-wax casting (p.83) metallurgy (p.88) moulding (p.91) printing (p.105) stielting (p.123) weaving (p.135) Treatment electrolysis (p.54) restoration (p.111) treatment (p.131) trepanation (p.131)

204 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Technique / Method_Miscellaneous anastylosis (p.22) anthropometry (p.23) archaeomagnetism (p.24) axonometry (p.27) basket Work (p.29) beekeeping (p.29) building phase (p.33) cartography (p.35) coring (p.43) coroplasty (p.44) crystallography (p.45) desalination (p.49) detection (p.49) electronic sounding (p.54) embalming (p.55) excavation (p.57) firing (p.58) gas chromatography (p.62) heating (p.67) holography (p.68) hydraulics (p.69) identification (p.71) interpretation (p.73) irrigation (p.74) joinery (p.76) lyophilization (p.83) methodology (p.88) microscopy (p.88) mummification (p.91) observation (p.96) perspective (p.101) planning (p.104) reconstitution (p.110) seriation (p.117) sieving (p.119) statistics (p.122) stratigraphy (p.123) survey (p.124) technique (p.127) technology (p.127) toreutics (p.130) trace (p.130) transcription (p.131) transliteration (p.131) varnishing (p.134) viticulture (p.134) xeroradiography (p.137) xylography (p.137) Time Chronology 10th century AD (p.7) 10th dynasty (p.7) 11th century AD (p.7) 11th century BC (p.7) 11th dynasty (p.7) 12th century AD (p.7) 12th century BC (p.7) 12th dynasty (p.7) 13th century AD (p.7) 13th century BC (p.7) 13th dynasty (p.7) 14th century AD (p.7) 14th century BC (p.7) 14th dynasty (p.7) 15th century AD (p.7) 15th century BC (p.8) 15th dynasty (p.8) 16th century AD (p.8) 16th century BC (p.8) 16th dynasty (p.8) 17th century AD (p.8)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 205 COLLECTIONS

17th century BC (p.8) 17th dynasty (p.8) 18th century AD (p.8) 18th century BC (p.8) 18th dynasty (p.8) 19th century AD (p.8) 19th century BC (p.8) 19th dynasty (p.8) 1st century AD (p.8) 1st century BC (p.8) 1st dynasty (p.9) 1st millenium AD (p.9) 1st millenium BC (p.9) 20th century AD (p.10) 20th century BC (p.10) 20th dynasty (p.10) 21st century (p.10) 21st century BC (p.10) 21st dynasty (p.10) 22nd century BC (p.10) 22nd dynasty (p.10) 23rd century BC (p.10) 23rd dynasty (p.10) 24th century BC (p.10) 24th dynasty (p.10) 25th century BC (p.10) 25th dynasty (p.10) 26th century BC (p.10) 26th dynasty (p.10) 27th century BC (p.11) 27th dynasty (p.11) 28th century BC (p.11) 28th dynasty (p.11) 29th century BC (p.11) 29th dynasty (p.11) 2nd century AD (p.11) 2nd century BC (p.11) 2nd dynasty (p.11) 2nd millenium BC (p.11) 30th century BC (p.12) 30th dynasty (p.12) 31st century BC (p.12) 32nd century BC (p.12) 33rd century BC (p.12) 34th century BC (p.12) 35th century BC (p.12) 3rd century AD (p.12) 3rd century BC (p.12) 3rd dynasty (p.12) 3rd millenium BC (p.12) 4th century AD (p.13) 4th century BC (p.13) 4th dynasty (p.13) 4th millenium BC (p.13) 5th century AD (p.14) 5th century BC (p.14) 5th dynasty (p.14) 5th millenium BC (p.14) 6th century AD (p.15) 6th century BC (p.15) 6th dynasty (p.15) 7th century AD (p.16) 7th century BC (p.16) 7th dynasty (p.16) 8th century AD (p.17) 8th century BC (p.17) 8th dynasty (p.17) 9th century AD (p.18) 9th century BC (p.18) 9th dynasty (p.18) Abassid dynasty (p.19) Achaemenid dynasty (p.19)

206 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Afsharid dynasty (p.20) Aghlabid dynasty (p.20) Akkadian Period (p.20) Almohad dynasty (p.21) Almoravid dynasty (p.21) Amarnian Period (p.21) Angkorian Period (p.23) Antiquity (p.23) Archaic Period (p.24) Arsacid dynasty (p.25) Assyrian Empire (p.26) Attalid dynasty (p.26) Axumite dynasty (p.27) Ayyubid dynasty (p.27) Aztec Civilization (p.27) British Rāj (p.32) Bronze Age (p.32) Byzantin Period (p.33) Byzantine Empire (p.33) Century 10 BC (p.36) Ch'u (p.38) Chimù Culture (p.39) Chola dynasty (p.39) Choson dynasty (p.39) Classic (p.40) Classical Period (p.40) Dongson Culture (p.50) Durrani dynasty (p.51) Dynasty 0 (p.51) Early Classical (p.53) Early Formative (p.53) Early Horizon (p.53) Early post classical (p.53) Eastern Zhou dynasty (p.53) Edo Period (p.53) Edomite dynasty (p.53) Fatimid dynasty (p.58) First Intermediate Period (p.59) Five Dynasties (p.59) Ghaznavid dynasty (p.63) Ghurids (p.63) Greek antiquity (p.64) Gupta (p.64) Han dynasty (p.66) Hasmonean (p.66) Heian Period (p.67) Hellenistic Period (p.67) Hittite Empire (p.68) Huari Culture (p.69) Ikhsidid dynasty (p.71) Ilkhan dynasty (p.71) Inca Civilization (p.72) Indo-Islamic Period (p.72) Indus Civilization (p.72) Iron Age (p.74) Kamakura Period (p.78) Kassite dynasty (p.78) Kingdom of Napata (p.78) Koryo dynasty (p.79) Kushana Empire (p.79) Kushit dynasty (p.79) Late Classical (p.80) Late Formative (p.80) Late Period (p.80) Late post classical (p.80) Liao dynasty (p.82) Liao Empire (p.82) Lopburi Period (p.83) Majapahit Empire (p.84) Mamluk dynasty (p.84) Maurya dynasty (p.86) Maya Civilization (p.86)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 207 COLLECTIONS

Mayria dynasty (p.86) Median Empire (p.87) Medieval Period (p.87) Meiji (p.87) Middle Classical (p.88) Middle Formative (p.88) Middle Kingdom (p.88) Middle post classical (p.88) Middle-Assyrian Period (p.88) Ming dynasty (p.89) Moghol dynasty (p.90) Moghol Empire (p.90) Momoyama Period (p.90) Muromachi Period (p.92) Nasrid dynasty (p.93) Nazca Culture (p.94) Neo Assyrian Empire (p.94) Neo-Babylonian Empire (p.94) New Kingdom (p.94) Nguyen dynasty (p.95) Northern Song (p.95) Old Babylonian Period (p.97) Old Kingdom (p.97) Ottoman Empire (p.98) Palaiologoi dynasty (p.99) Pallava dynasty (p.99) Persian domination (p.101) Persian Empire (p.101) Persian Period (p.101) Post-Angkorian Period (p.105) Post-classic (p.105) Pre-Angkorian Period (p.105) Precolombian (p.105) predynastic (p.105) Ptolemaic Period (p.107) Punic Civilization (p.107) Pāla dynasty (p.108) Qajar dynasty (p.109) Qin dynasty (p.109) Qing dynasty (p.109) Ramessid Period (p.110) Roman antiquity (p.112) Roman Empire (p.112) Safavid dynasty (p.114) Samanid dynasty (p.114) Sasanid dynasty (p.115) Second Intermediate Period (p.116) Second Malla Period (p.116) Second Persian domination (p.116) Seldjukid dynasty (p.116) Seleucid dynasty (p.117) Shang dynasty (p.118) Six Dynasties (p.119) Song dynasty (p.120) Southern and Northern Dynasties (p.121) Southern Song (p.121) Spring and Autumn Period (p.121) Sui dynasty (p.124) Sātavāhana dynasty (p.125) Tang dynasty (p.126) Tanite dynasty (p.126) Thinit Epoch (p.128) Thinite dynasty (p.128) Third Intermediate Period (p.128) Three Kingdoms (p.129) Timourid dynasty (p.129) Tokugawa (p.130) Toltec Civilization (p.130) Umayyad dynasty (p.133) Ur III dynasty (p.133) Warring States Period (p.135) Western Zhou dynasty (p.136)

208 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Xi Xia Empire (p.137) Yayoi (p.138) Yüan dynasty (p.138) Temporal concept chronology (p.40) origin (p.97) reign (p.111) Time_Miscellaneous time (p.129) Work / Document Document title / Work title Aegyptiaca (p.19) Bible (p.30) Book of the Dead (p.31) Book of the Gates (p.31) Coffin Texts (p.42) Colossi of Memnon (p.42) Dead Sea Scrolls (p.47) Koran (p.79) New Testament (p.94) Old Testament (p.97) Pyramid Texts (p.107) Ramesseum (p.110) Shore Temple (p.118) Talmud (p.126) Literary genre / Artistic genre hagiography (p.66) hymn (p.70) incantation (p.72) poetry (p.104) portrait (p.104) story (p.123) Type of document / Type of work abecedary (p.19) aerial photography (p.19) almanac (p.21) amphoric stamp (p.22) annals (p.23) appendix (p.23) archaeological guide (p.24) archives (p.25) art Print (p.25) atlas (p.26) autobiography (p.27) betyl (p.30) bibliography (p.30) biography (p.30) block statue (p.31) book (p.31) bullae (p.33) bust (p.33) cadastre (p.34) calendar (p.34) calligraphy (p.34) cameo (p.34) canon (p.35) canopic jar (p.35) catalogue (p.36) celadon (p.36) chronicle (p.40) cippus (p.40) code (p.41) codex (p.42) collection (p.42) colossus (p.42) congress (p.43) contract (p.43) copy (p.43) corpus (p.44) correspondence (p.44) craft industry (p.44) cylinder seal (p.46)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 209 COLLECTIONS

databank (p.47) database (p.47) decree (p.48) dedication (p.48) dictionary (p.49) diplomatic gift (p.49) document (p.50) drawing (p.50) embroidery (p.55) encyclopaedia (p.55) engraving (p.55) epitaph (p.56) excavation report (p.57) false door stela (p.58) figurine (p.58) film (p.58) foundation deposit (p.60) fresco (p.60) frieze (p.60) funerary art (p.60) funerary stela (p.60) geoglyph (p.62) glyptics (p.63) goldsmith's art (p.64) graffito (p.64) Greek inscription (p.64) guide (p.64) handbook (p.66) high relief (p.68) historic study (p.68) icon (p.71) idol (p.71) illuminated manuscript (p.71) illustration (p.71) index (p.72) inscription (p.73) intaglio (p.73) kudurru (p.79) label (p.80) Latin inscription (p.81) legend (p.81) linga (p.82) list (p.82) low-relief (p.83) mandala (p.85) manuscript (p.85) map (p.85) medical papyrus (p.87) mingqi (p.89) miniature (p.89) monograph (p.90) monolith (p.90) mosaic (p.91) obelisk (p.96) offering table (p.96) official seal (p.96) oracle bone (p.97) ostraca (p.98) Pahari painting (p.99) painting (p.99) palette (p.99) panel (p.100) papyrus (p.100) parchment (p.100) pedagogic card (p.101) petroglyph (p.102) photography (p.102) plaque (p.104) psalter (p.106) publication (p.107) recording (p.110) relic (p.111)

210 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

relief (p.111) representation (p.111) rock art (p.112) rock painting (p.112) rock relief (p.112) Royal Archives (p.113) rubbing (p.113) scroll (p.115) sculpture (p.116) sculpture in the round (p.116) seal (p.116) seal impression (p.116) shawabti (p.118) sherd (p.118) stamp (philately) (p.122) statuary (p.122) statue (p.122) statuette (p.122) stela (p.123) sutra (p.124) synthesis (p.125) tablet (p.126) tapestry (p.126) tetradrachma (p.128) text (p.128) thanka (p.128) thesis (p.128) translation (p.131) treatise (p.131) ukiyo-e (p.133) wall painting (p.135) watercolour (p.135) Work / Document_Miscellaneous court art (p.44) cultural artefact (p.45) documentation (p.50) grave goods (p.64) heritage (p.67) iconographic programme (p.71) imagery (p.71) Isiaca (p.74) Levantine art (p.81) model (p.90) prosopography (p.106)

Grouping by subject field Biological sciences Plant biology / Botany botany (p.31) Biological sciences_Miscellaneous biology (p.30) Biomedical sciences Ophtalmology ophtamology (p.97) Otorhinolaryngology / Stomatology / Dentistry odontology (p.96) Surgery surgery (p.124) Biomedical sciences_Miscellaneous histology (p.68) medecine (p.87) Chemistry chemistry (p.39) Earth and universe sciences Astronomy eclipse (p.53) supernova (p.124) Geology agate (p.20) amethyst (p.22) amphibole (p.22) feldspar (p.58)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 211 COLLECTIONS

geology (p.62) geophysics (p.63) gypsum (p.65) hydrology (p.69) mineralogy (p.89) sedimentology (p.116) serpentine (p.117) Meteorology / Climatology climatology (p.41) Engineering sciences Metallurgy alloy (p.21) bellows (p.30) metallography (p.88) steel (p.122) Humanities and social sciences Anthropology anthropology (p.23) mortality (p.91) myth (p.92) physical anthropology (p.102) Archaeology 10th century AD (p.7) 10th dynasty (p.7) 11th century AD (p.7) 11th century BC (p.7) 11th dynasty (p.7) 12th century AD (p.7) 12th century BC (p.7) 12th dynasty (p.7) 13th century AD (p.7) 13th century BC (p.7) 13th dynasty (p.7) 14th century AD (p.7) 14th century BC (p.7) 14th dynasty (p.7) 15th century AD (p.7) 15th century BC (p.8) 15th dynasty (p.8) 16th century AD (p.8) 16th century BC (p.8) 16th dynasty (p.8) 17th century AD (p.8) 17th century BC (p.8) 17th dynasty (p.8) 18th century AD (p.8) 18th century BC (p.8) 18th dynasty (p.8) 19th century AD (p.8) 19th century BC (p.8) 19th dynasty (p.8) 1st century AD (p.8) 1st century BC (p.8) 1st dynasty (p.9) 1st millenium AD (p.9) 1st millenium BC (p.9) 20th century AD (p.10) 20th century BC (p.10) 20th dynasty (p.10) 21st century BC (p.10) 21st dynasty (p.10) 22nd century BC (p.10) 22nd dynasty (p.10) 23rd century BC (p.10) 23rd dynasty (p.10) 24th century BC (p.10) 24th dynasty (p.10) 25th century BC (p.10) 25th dynasty (p.10) 26th century BC (p.10) 26th dynasty (p.10) 27th century BC (p.11)

212 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

27th dynasty (p.11) 28th century BC (p.11) 28th dynasty (p.11) 29th century BC (p.11) 29th dynasty (p.11) 2nd century AD (p.11) 2nd century BC (p.11) 2nd dynasty (p.11) 2nd millenium BC (p.11) 30th century BC (p.12) 30th dynasty (p.12) 31st century BC (p.12) 32nd century BC (p.12) 33rd century BC (p.12) 34th century BC (p.12) 35th century BC (p.12) 3rd century AD (p.12) 3rd century BC (p.12) 3rd dynasty (p.12) 3rd millenium BC (p.12) 4th century AD (p.13) 4th century BC (p.13) 4th dynasty (p.13) 4th millenium BC (p.13) 5th century AD (p.14) 5th century BC (p.14) 5th dynasty (p.14) 5th millenium BC (p.14) 6th century AD (p.15) 6th century BC (p.15) 6th dynasty (p.15) 7th century AD (p.16) 7th century BC (p.16) 7th dynasty (p.16) 8th century AD (p.17) 8th century BC (p.17) 8th dynasty (p.17) 9th century AD (p.18) 9th century BC (p.18) 9th dynasty (p.18) Abassid dynasty (p.19) abecedary (p.19) Abu Simbel (p.19) Abusir (p.19) Abydos (p.19) accounts (p.19) Achaemenid dynasty (p.19) acropolis (p.19) adobe (p.19) adze (p.19) Aegyptiaca (p.19) aerial archaeology (p.19) aerial photography (p.19) Afghanistan (p.19) Afsharid dynasty (p.20) agate (p.20) agate artefact (p.20) Aghlabid dynasty (p.20) agriculture (p.20) Ahmosis I (p.20) Ahmosis II (p.20) Akbar (p.20) Akhenaton (p.20) Akkad (p.20) Akkadian (p.20) Akkadians (p.20) alabaster (p.20) alabaster artefact (p.20) alabastron (p.20) Alexander the Great (p.21) Alexandria (p.21) Algeria (p.21)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 213 COLLECTIONS

alloy (p.21) almanac (p.21) Almohad dynasty (p.21) Almoravid dynasty (p.21) alphabet (p.21) altar (p.21) Amarnian Period (p.21) amber (p.21) amber artefact (p.21) ambo (p.21) Amenemhet I (p.21) Amenemhet II (p.21) Amenemhet III (p.21) Amenemhet IV (p.22) Amenemhet V (p.22) Amenhotep I (p.22) Amenhotep II (p.22) Amenophis III (p.22) America (p.22) amethyst (p.22) amethyst artefact (p.22) aminoacid (p.22) Amorium (p.22) amphitheatre (p.22) amphora (p.22) amphoric stamp (p.22) amulet (p.22) analysis (p.22) anastylosis (p.22) anatomy (p.22) anchor (p.23) ancient author (p.23) Angkor (p.23) Angkor Thom (p.23) Angkorian Period (p.23) aniconism (p.23) animal (p.23) ankh (p.23) annals (p.23) anthropology (p.23) anthropometry (p.23) Antiquity (p.23) Antoninus Pius (p.23) Anuradhapura (p.23) appendix (p.23) aqueduct (p.23) Arabia (p.24) Arabic (p.24) Aramaic people (p.24) archaeoastronomy (p.24) archaeological guide (p.24) archaeological site (p.24) archaeologist (p.24) archaeology (p.24) archaeomagnetism (p.24) archaeometry (p.24) archaeozoology (p.24) Archaic Period (p.24) archer (p.24) architect (p.24) architectural decoration (p.24) architectural element (p.24) architecture (p.24) archives (p.25) armlet (p.25) army (p.25) arrow (p.25) arrowhead (p.25) Arsacid dynasty (p.25) art (p.25) artefact (p.25) artist (p.25)

214 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

artistic taste (p.25) Ashurbanipal (p.25) Ashurnasirpal I (p.25) Ashurnasirpal II (p.26) Asia (p.26) Asia Minor (p.26) Asoka (p.26) Assur (p.26) Assyria (p.26) Assyrian (p.26) Assyrian Empire (p.26) Assyrians (p.26) Assyriology (p.26) Astarte (p.26) astrology (p.26) astronomy (p.26) Aswân (p.26) Asyut (p.26) atlas (p.26) Attalid dynasty (p.26) Augustus (p.26) autobiography (p.27) awl (p.27) axe (p.27) axonometry (p.27) Axumite dynasty (p.27) Ayyubid dynasty (p.27) Aztec Civilization (p.27) baboon (p.28) Babylon (p.28) Babylonia (p.28) Babylonian (p.28) Bagram (p.28) baked brick (p.28) balance (p.28) balance weigh (p.28) ball game (p.28) bamboo (p.28) bamboo artefact (p.28) banner (p.28) banquet (p.28) baptistry (p.28) barrel vault (p.28) barter (p.29) basalt (p.29) basilica (p.29) basin (p.29) basket Work (p.29) Bastet (p.29) bath (p.29) bead (p.29) bed (p.29) Bedouins (p.29) bee (p.29) beekeeping (p.29) beer (p.29) Beijing (p.29) bell (p.29) Bellerophon (p.30) bellows (p.30) belt (p.30) belt buckle (p.30) Berot (p.30) Bes (p.30) bestiary (p.30) Bethlehem (p.30) betyl (p.30) bevelled-rim bowl (p.30) Bible (p.30) Biblical archaeology (p.30) bibliography (p.30) binding (p.30)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 215 COLLECTIONS

biography (p.30) biology (p.30) bird (p.30) birth (p.30) bit (p.30) bitumen (p.31) bitumen artefact (p.31) Black Sea (p.31) blade (p.31) block (p.31) block statue (p.31) blue and white (p.31) boat (p.31) Bolivia (p.31) bone (p.31) bone industry (p.31) bone object (p.31) book (p.31) Book of the Dead (p.31) Book of the Gates (p.31) botany (p.31) bottle (p.32) bow (p.32) bowl (p.32) box (p.32) bracelet (p.32) bradawl (p.32) brass (p.32) brass artefact (p.32) brazier (p.32) bread (p.32) bread oven (p.32) breeding (p.32) brick (p.32) bridge (p.32) British Rāj (p.32) Bronze Age (p.32) bronze artefact (p.32) brooch (p.32) bucranium (p.33) Buddha (p.33) Buddhism (p.33) building (p.33) building technique (p.33) bull (p.33) bullae (p.33) burial (p.33) Burma (p.33) burner (p.33) bust (p.33) button (p.33) Byblos (p.33) Byzantin Period (p.33) Byzantine Empire (p.33) Byzantium (p.33) cadastre (p.34) Calakmul (p.34) calcite (p.34) calculi (p.34) calendar (p.34) calibration (p.34) Caliphate of Córdoba (p.34) Cambodia (p.34) Cambyses II (p.34) camel (p.34) cameo (p.34) camp (p.34) canal (p.34) candelabrum (p.34) canon (p.35) canon of proportion (p.35) canopic jar (p.35)

216 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

canvas (p.35) Capernaum (p.35) capital (p.35) Cappadocia (p.35) caravan route (p.35) caravansary (p.35) cardium (p.35) cardo (p.35) Caria (p.35) carpet (p.35) Carthage (p.35) Carthaginians (p.35) cartography (p.35) cartouche (p.35) casket (p.35) castle (p.35) cat (p.36) catacombs (p.36) catalogue (p.36) cattle (p.36) cauldron (p.36) cavalry (p.36) cave (p.36) cave temple (p.36) ceiling (p.36) celadon (p.36) cemetery (p.36) cenotaph (p.36) census (p.36) Central America (p.36) Central Asia (p.36) ceramics (p.38) ceramology (p.38) cereal (p.38) ceremonial centre (p.38) ceremony (p.38) Ch'u (p.38) chalcedony (p.38) Chancas (p.38) chapel (p.39) chariot (p.39) chariot equipment (p.39) chemical analysis (p.39) chemistry (p.39) Chichimec (p.39) child (p.39) Chile (p.39) Chimù Culture (p.39) China (p.39) China Sea (p.39) chisel (p.39) Chola dynasty (p.39) Chorasmia (p.39) Choresmian (p.39) Choson dynasty (p.39) Christianity (p.40) chromatography (p.40) chronicle (p.40) chronology (p.40) chrysanthemum (p.40) church (p.40) Churning of the Milk Ocean (p.40) Cilicia (p.40) Cimmerians (p.40) cinerary urn (p.40) cippus (p.40) citadel (p.40) civilization (p.40) Claros (p.40) Classic (p.40) Classical Period (p.40) classification (p.40)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 217 COLLECTIONS

clay (p.41) clay artefact (p.41) Cleopatra I (p.41) Cleopatra II (p.41) Cleopatra III (p.41) Cleopatra IV (p.41) Cleopatra VI (p.41) Cleopatra VII (p.41) clepsydra (p.41) clergy (p.41) climate (p.41) climatology (p.41) cloth (p.41) clothing (p.41) Coatlicue (p.41) cock (p.41) code (p.41) codex (p.42) coffer (p.42) coffin (p.42) Coffin Texts (p.42) coin (p.42) collection (p.42) collector (p.42) Colombia (p.42) colonization (p.42) colonnade (p.42) colony (p.42) Colossi of Memnon (p.42) colossus (p.42) colour (p.42) column (p.42) comb (p.42) computing (p.42) concubine (p.43) cone (p.43) congress (p.43) conservation (p.43) Constantine (p.43) constellation (p.43) container (p.43) contemporary art (p.43) contract (p.43) convent (p.43) copper (p.43) copper artefact (p.43) Copt (p.43) copy (p.43) corbelled vault (p.43) Cordoba (p.43) coregency (p.43) coring (p.43) cornelian (p.43) coroplasty (p.44) corpus (p.44) correspondence (p.44) corrosion (p.44) cosmetic (p.44) cosmetic spoon (p.44) cosmetology (p.44) cosmogony (p.44) cosmography (p.44) cosmology (p.44) costume (p.44) cotton (p.44) court art (p.44) cowry (p.44) Coyolxauhqui (p.44) craft industry (p.44) craftsman (p.44) cremation (p.45) Crete (p.45)

218 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

crocodile (p.45) cross (p.45) crown (p.45) Crusaders (p.45) crystal (p.45) crystal object (p.45) crystallography (p.45) cubit (p.45) Cufic (p.45) cult (p.45) cult object (p.45) cultual practice (p.45) cultural artefact (p.45) cultural department (p.45) cultural relation (p.45) culture (p.45) cuneiform (p.46) cup (p.46) curator (p.46) cylinder seal (p.46) cynegetic (p.46) Cyprus (p.46) Cyrenaica (p.46) Cyrus II the Great (p.46) dagger (p.47) daily life (p.47) Dakhla Oasis (p.47) dam (p.47) damascening (p.47) dance (p.47) Darius (p.47) Darius I (p.47) databank (p.47) database (p.47) dating (p.47) Daulatabad (p.47) David (p.47) David Kingdom (p.47) Dead Sea (p.47) Dead Sea Scrolls (p.47) decipherment (p.48) decoration (p.48) decree (p.48) decumanus (p.48) dedication (p.48) deer (p.48) deforestation (p.48) degradation (p.48) deification (p.48) deity (p.48) demography (p.48) demon (p.48) demonology (p.48) demonstration model (p.48) demotic (p.48) dendrochronology (p.48) dental prothesis (p.48) deportation (p.49) desalination (p.49) desertion of site (p.49) destruction (p.49) detection (p.49) deterioration (p.49) development (p.49) diadem (p.49) dictionary (p.49) die (p.49) diet (p.49) dinar (p.49) diplomacy (p.49) dirham (p.49) disease (p.49)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 219 COLLECTIONS

dish (p.49) dishware (p.49) disk (p.49) distribution (p.50) divination (p.50) document (p.50) documentation (p.50) dog (p.50) dome (p.50) domestic activity (p.50) domestication (p.50) donation (p.50) donkey (p.50) door (p.50) doorsocket (p.50) Dor (p.50) dragon (p.50) draughtboard (p.50) drawing (p.50) dromos (p.50) drought (p.50) drug (p.51) drum (p.51) dryed mud (p.51) Dunhuang (p.51) Dur-Sharrukin (p.51) Durrani dynasty (p.51) dwarfism (p.51) dye (p.51) Dynasty 0 (p.51) eagle (p.53) Early Classical (p.53) Early Formative (p.53) Early post classical (p.53) earring (p.53) earthquake (p.53) Eastern Zhou dynasty (p.53) eclipse (p.53) ecology (p.53) economy (p.53) Ecuador (p.53) Edfu (p.53) edible plant (p.53) Edo Period (p.53) Edomite dynasty (p.53) education (p.54) educational material (p.54) egg (p.54) Egypt (p.54) Egyptian blue (p.54) Egyptian Museum in Cairo (p.54) Egyptologist (p.54) Egyptology (p.54) Egyptomania (p.54) Elamite (p.54) electrolysis (p.54) electromagnetism (p.54) electronic calculator (p.54) electronic sounding (p.54) electronic spin resonance (p.54) electrum (p.54) electrum artefact (p.55) elephant (p.55) Elephantine (p.55) embalming (p.55) emblem (p.55) embroidery (p.55) emigration (p.55) enamel (p.55) enamel artefact (p.55) enamelled paste (p.55) encampment (p.55)

220 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

enclosure (p.55) encyclopaedia (p.55) endogamy (p.55) engraving (p.55) environment (p.55) epigraphy (p.56) epistemology (p.56) epitaph (p.56) eroticism (p.56) Erythrea (p.56) Esarhaddon (p.56) esparto ware (p.56) Essenes (p.56) Essenian (p.56) ethnoarchaeology (p.56) ethnography (p.56) ethnohistory (p.56) ethnology (p.56) etymology (p.56) eulogy ampulla (p.56) Euphrates (p.56) European Union (p.57) evolution (p.57) ewer (p.57) ex-voto (p.57) excavation (p.57) excavation report (p.57) excavation site (p.57) expansion (p.57) expedition (p.57) eye (p.57) faience (p.58) falcon (p.58) false door stela (p.58) fan (p.58) Far East (p.58) fastener (p.58) Fatimid dynasty (p.58) fauna (p.58) fecundity (p.58) feldspar (p.58) festival (p.58) fibula (p.58) figurine (p.58) film (p.58) fire (p.58) firing (p.58) First Intermediate Period (p.59) fish (p.59) fishing (p.59) fittings (p.59) Five Dynasties (p.59) flag stone (p.59) flask (p.59) flax (p.59) flint (p.59) flood (p.59) flora (p.59) flower (p.59) foot (p.59) forger (p.59) forgery (p.59) former USSR (p.59) fortification (p.59) fortress (p.59) forum (p.60) foundation (p.60) foundation deposit (p.60) fountain (p.60) France (p.60) fresco (p.60) frieze (p.60)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 221 COLLECTIONS

frit (p.60) frog (p.60) function (p.60) funerary art (p.60) funerary complex (p.60) funerary cone (p.60) funerary rite (p.60) funerary stela (p.60) funerary urn (p.60) furnace (p.60) furniture (p.60) furniture (house) (p.61) galena (p.62) Galilee (p.62) game (p.62) Gandhāra (p.62) Ganeśa (p.62) garden (p.62) gargoyle (p.62) gazelle (p.62) gem (p.62) genealogy (p.62) geoglyph (p.62) geography (p.62) geology (p.62) geometry (p.62) geomorphology (p.62) geophysics (p.63) Ghaznavid dynasty (p.63) Ghurids (p.63) giraffe (p.63) glass (p.63) glass artefact (p.63) glossary (p.63) glyph (p.63) glyptics (p.63) goblet (p.63) god (p.63) goddess (p.63) gold (p.63) gold artefact (p.63) Golden ratio (p.64) goldsmith's art (p.64) graffito (p.64) grammar (p.64) granary (p.64) granite (p.64) granulometry (p.64) grave goods (p.64) Great Britain (p.64) Greek antiquity (p.64) Greek inscription (p.64) griffin (p.64) Guangdong (p.64) Guatemala (p.64) guide (p.64) Gupta (p.64) gymnasium (p.64) gypsum (p.65) Hadrian (p.66) haematite (p.66) hagiography (p.66) hair (p.66) halberd (p.66) hammam (p.66) Han dynasty (p.66) hand (p.66) handbook (p.66) harem (p.66) harness (p.66) harnessing (p.66) harp (p.66)

222 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

harpoon (p.66) Haryana (p.66) Hasmonean (p.66) Hathor (p.66) headdress (p.67) headrest (p.67) hearth (p.67) heating (p.67) hedgehog (p.67) Heian Period (p.67) Hellenism (p.67) Hellenistic Period (p.67) helmet (p.67) hemp (p.67) Hercule (p.67) heritage (p.67) hermitage (p.67) hieratic (p.67) hieroglyph (p.67) high relief (p.68) Himalaya (p.68) Hinduism (p.68) hippodrome (p.68) hippopotamus (p.68) histology (p.68) historic study (p.68) historical geography (p.68) history (p.68) Hittite (p.68) Hittite Empire (p.68) Hittites (p.68) hoe (p.68) holography (p.68) homage (p.68) Honduras (p.68) Horemheb (p.68) horn (p.68) horn artefact (p.69) horse (p.69) horse riding (p.69) horseman (p.69) Horus (p.69) house (p.69) Huari Culture (p.69) Huitzilopochtli (p.69) human body (p.69) human remain (p.69) human sacrifice (p.69) hunting (p.69) Hurrians (p.69) hydration (p.69) hydraulics (p.69) hydrography (p.69) hydrology (p.69) hygrometry (p.69) hymn (p.70) hypogeum (p.70) hypostyle hall (p.70) Iberian Peninsula (p.71) ibex (p.71) ibis (p.71) icon (p.71) iconoclasm (p.71) iconographic programme (p.71) iconography (p.71) identification (p.71) idol (p.71) Ikhsidid dynasty (p.71) Ilkhan dynasty (p.71) illicit excavation (p.71) illuminated manuscript (p.71) illustration (p.71)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 223 COLLECTIONS

imagery (p.71) immigration (p.71) immortality (p.71) Inca Civilization (p.72) incantation (p.72) incantation bowl (p.72) Incas (p.72) incense (p.72) incense burner (p.72) incineration (p.72) index (p.72) India (p.72) Indo-Islamic Period (p.72) Indology (p.72) Indonesia (p.72) Indus Civilization (p.72) industry (p.72) influence (p.72) infrared spectroscopy (p.72) ingot (p.72) inhumation (p.73) ink (p.73) ink stone (p.73) inkpot (p.73) inlay (p.73) Inner Mongolia (p.73) inscribed bamboo (p.73) inscription (p.73) institute (p.73) institution (p.73) instrument (p.73) intaglio (p.73) interior decoration (p.73) interpretation (p.73) inventory (p.73) Ionia (p.73) Iran (p.73) Iranology (p.73) Iraq (p.74) iron (p.74) Iron Age (p.74) iron artefact (p.74) irrigation (p.74) Isiaca (p.74) Islam (p.74) Islamology (p.74) isotope (p.74) isotopic ratio (p.74) Israel (p.74) Italy (p.74) itinerary (p.74) ivory (p.74) ivory artefact (p.74) Ištar (p.75) jade (p.76) jade artefact (p.76) jaguar (p.76) Jainism (p.76) Japan (p.76) jar (p.76) jasper (p.76) Java (p.76) Jean-François Champollion (p.76) jewel (p.76) joinery (p.76) Jordan (p.76) Judaea (p.76) Judaism (p.77) Judean desert (p.77) jug (p.77) justice (p.77) Kamakura (p.78)

224 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Kamakura Period (p.78) karkemish (p.78) karst (p.78) Kassite dynasty (p.78) Kañcīpuram (p.78) keystone (p.78) khan (p.78) Kharga Oasis (p.78) kilim (p.78) kiln (p.78) king (p.78) kingdom (p.78) Kingdom of Israel (p.78) Kingdom of Judah (p.78) Kingdom of Napata (p.78) kingship (p.78) kiosk (p.79) knife (p.79) Koran (p.79) Korea (p.79) Koryo dynasty (p.79) kudurru (p.79) kurgan (p.79) Kushana Empire (p.79) Kushit dynasty (p.79) label (p.80) laboratory (p.80) lacquer (p.80) lake (p.80) lama (p.80) Lamaism (p.80) lamp (p.80) land surveying (p.80) landscape (p.80) language (p.80) Laos (p.80) lapis-lazuli (p.80) laqueware artefact (p.80) Late Classical (p.80) Late Formative (p.80) Late Period (p.80) Late post classical (p.80) Latin (p.81) Latin inscription (p.81) latrines (p.81) lava (p.81) lead (p.81) lead artefact (p.81) leather (p.81) leather artefact (p.81) legend (p.81) legion (p.81) legislation (p.81) leprosy (p.81) letter (p.81) Levant (p.81) Levantine art (p.81) lexicocraphy (p.81) Liao dynasty (p.82) Liao Empire (p.82) libation (p.82) library (p.82) Libya (p.82) lighthouse (p.82) lighting (p.82) limes (p.82) limestone (p.82) linen (p.82) linga (p.82) linguitics (p.82) lintel (p.82) lion (p.82)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 225 COLLECTIONS

list (p.82) literature (p.82) lithic industry (p.82) lithic tool (p.82) lithophone (p.83) localization (p.83) locket (p.83) Lopburi Period (p.83) lost-wax casting (p.83) lotus (p.83) low-relief (p.83) Luristan (p.83) lustre (p.83) Luxembourg (p.83) Luxor (p.83) Lycia (p.83) lyophilization (p.83) mace (p.84) mace head (p.84) madrasa (p.84) magic (p.84) magnetism (p.84) magnetometer (p.84) Mahābalipuram (p.84) Maitreya (p.84) maize (p.84) Malaysia (p.84) malnutrition (p.84) Mamluk dynasty (p.84) man (p.84) Manchu (p.84) Mandaean (p.85) mandala (p.85) Manethon (p.85) Manicheism (p.85) manufacture (p.85) manuscript (p.85) map (p.85) marble (p.85) marble artefact (p.85) Marduk (p.85) Margiana (p.85) mark (p.85) market (p.85) marriage (p.85) mask (p.86) mastaba (p.86) master of animals (p.86) mat (p.86) material (p.86) mathematics (p.86) Mathura School (p.86) matriarchy (p.86) Maurya dynasty (p.86) mausoleum (p.86) Maya Civilization (p.86) Mayas (p.86) Mayria dynasty (p.86) Mazdaism (p.86) measurement (p.86) medallion (p.87) medecine (p.87) Medes (p.87) Median Empire (p.87) medical papyrus (p.87) Mediterranean Basin (p.87) Mediterranean Sea (p.87) megalith (p.87) Meiji (p.87) Menes (p.87) mercenary (p.87) Meroitic (p.87)

226 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Mesoamerica (p.87) Mesopotamia (p.88) metal (p.88) metal object (p.88) metallography (p.88) metallurgy (p.88) methodology (p.88) metrology (p.88) Mexico (p.88) microlith (p.88) microprobe (p.88) microrest (p.88) microscopy (p.88) Middle Classical (p.88) Middle Formative (p.88) Middle Kingdom (p.88) Middle post classical (p.88) Middle-Assyrian Period (p.88) migration (p.88) mihrab (p.89) milestone (p.89) milk (p.89) mill (p.89) millet (p.89) millstone (p.89) minaret (p.89) mine (p.89) mineral (p.89) mineralogy (p.89) Ming dynasty (p.89) mingqi (p.89) miniature (p.89) mining (p.90) mirror (p.90) Mitanni (p.90) model (p.90) Moghol dynasty (p.90) Moghol Empire (p.90) molten glass (p.90) monastery (p.90) monasticism (p.90) money circulation (p.90) Mongolia (p.90) Mongols (p.90) monk (p.90) monkey (p.90) monograph (p.90) monolith (p.90) monotheism (p.91) monument (p.91) moon (p.91) Morocco (p.91) morphology (p.91) mortality (p.91) mortar (p.91) mortuary temple (p.91) mosaic (p.91) mosque (p.91) mother of pearl (p.91) mould (p.91) moulding (p.91) mound (p.91) mud artefact (p.91) mud brick (p.91) mummification (p.91) mummy (p.91) mummy cartonnage (p.91) Muromachi Period (p.92) museology (p.92) museum (p.92) music (p.92) musical instrument (p.92)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 227 COLLECTIONS

Muslims (p.92) myrrh (p.92) mystery (p.92) myth (p.92) mythology (p.92) Nabataeans (p.93) nacre artefact (p.93) nail (p.93) name (p.93) naos (p.93) naphtha (p.93) Nara (p.93) Naram-Sin (p.93) narghile (p.93) Nasrid dynasty (p.93) National Museum of Phnom Penh (p.93) natron (p.93) natural disaster (p.93) natural mummification (p.93) navigation (p.93) Nazca Culture (p.94) necklace (p.94) necropolis (p.94) needle (p.94) Nefertari (p.94) Nefertiti (p.94) Neo Assyrian Empire (p.94) Neo-Babylonian Empire (p.94) Neobabylonian (p.94) Nepal (p.94) Nestorianism (p.94) net (p.94) netsuke (p.94) netting (p.94) neutron activation (p.94) New Kingdom (p.94) New Testament (p.94) Nguyen dynasty (p.95) Nile Delta (p.95) Nile Valley (p.95) nilometer (p.95) nomad (p.95) nomadism (p.95) nomarch (p.95) nome (p.95) nomenclature (p.95) North Africa (p.95) North America (p.95) Northern Song (p.95) Nout (p.95) Nubia (p.95) number (p.95) numismatics (p.95) nymphaeum (p.95) oasis (p.96) Oaxaca (p.96) obelisk (p.96) observation (p.96) observatory (p.96) obsidian (p.96) obsidian artefact (p.96) odontology (p.96) oenochoe (p.96) offering (p.96) offering table (p.96) official (p.96) official seal (p.96) oil (p.96) oil mill (p.96) oil press (p.96) ointment (p.96) Old Babylonian Period (p.97)

228 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Old Kingdom (p.97) Old Testament (p.97) Olmecs (p.97) onomastic (p.97) ophtamology (p.97) optical microscopy (p.97) oracle (p.97) oracle bone (p.97) orant (p.97) oratory (p.97) organization (p.97) organization of research (p.97) Orientalism (p.97) Orientalist (p.97) orientation (p.97) origin (p.97) ornament (p.97) orthostat (p.98) ossuary (p.98) ostotheca (p.98) ostraca (p.98) ostrich (p.98) Ottoman Empire (p.98) pagoda (p.99) painter (p.99) painting (p.99) palace (p.99) palaeoanthropology (p.99) Palaeobabylonian (p.99) palaeobotany (p.99) palaeoclimatology (p.99) palaeoecology (p.99) palaeography (p.99) Palaiologoi dynasty (p.99) palanquin (p.99) Palestine (p.99) Palestinians (p.99) palette (p.99) Pallava dynasty (p.99) palm tree (p.100) Palmyra (p.100) palynology (p.100) Pamphylia (p.100) panel (p.100) pantheon (p.100) paper (p.100) papyrology (p.100) papyrus (p.100) parallel (p.100) parchment (p.100) Parthian Kingdom (p.100) Parthians (p.100) pathography (p.100) pathology (p.100) pavement (p.100) pavilion (p.100) paving (p.100) peace (p.100) pectoral (p.100) pedagogic card (p.101) pedagogy (p.101) pedestal (p.101) pedology (p.101) pendant (p.101) perfume (p.101) perfume burner (p.101) Pergamon (p.101) periplus (p.101) Persia (p.101) Persian domination (p.101) Persian Empire (p.101) Persian Gulf (p.101)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 229 COLLECTIONS

Persian Period (p.101) Peru (p.101) pestle (p.101) Petra (p.102) petroglyph (p.102) petrography (p.102) Pharaoh (p.102) pharmacopoeia (p.102) Philippines (p.102) philology (p.102) philosophy (p.102) Phoenicia (p.102) Phoenician (p.102) Phoenician colony (p.102) Phoenicians (p.102) phosphate (p.102) photogrammetry (p.102) Phrygia (p.102) Phrygians (p.102) physical analysis (p.102) physical anthropology (p.102) physician (p.103) physicochemical analysis (p.103) pictogram (p.103) piece of furniture (p.103) pig (p.103) pigment (p.103) pilgrimage (p.103) pillar (p.103) pillow (p.103) pin (p.103) pipe (p.103) pirogue coffin (p.103) pisé (p.103) Pisidia (p.103) pit (p.103) pitcher (p.103) pithos (p.103) pithouse (p.103) plan (p.103) planning (p.104) plaque (p.104) plaquette (p.104) plaster (p.104) platform (p.104) plundering (p.104) poetry (p.104) polarized light microscopy (p.104) police (p.104) politics (p.104) polytheism (p.104) pomp (p.104) populating (p.104) population (p.104) porcelain (p.104) port (p.104) portico (p.104) portrait (p.104) Portugal (p.105) Post-Angkorian Period (p.105) Post-classic (p.105) potter (p.105) potter wheel (p.105) potter's workshop (p.105) prayer (p.105) Pre-Angkorian Period (p.105) Precolombian (p.105) predynastic (p.105) presentation (p.105) preservation (p.105) preventive conservation (p.105) priest (p.105)

230 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

priestess (p.105) priesthood (p.105) printing (p.105) prisoner (p.105) private property (p.106) profession (p.106) program (p.106) project (p.106) proportion (p.106) prosopography (p.106) protome (p.106) proton activation (p.106) psalter (p.106) pseudonym (p.106) Psusennes I (p.106) psychostasia (p.106) Ptah (p.106) Ptolemaic Period (p.107) Ptolemy I Soter (p.107) Ptolemy II Philadelphus (p.107) Ptolemy IV Philopator (p.107) Ptolemy V Epiphanes (p.107) Ptolemy VI Philometor (p.107) Ptolemy XII Auletes (p.107) public (p.107) public building (p.107) publication (p.107) Punic Civilization (p.107) purification rite (p.107) purple (p.107) pylon (p.107) pyramid (p.107) Pyramid Texts (p.107) pyramidion (p.107) pyxis (p.107) Qajar dynasty (p.109) qanat (p.109) Qatabanian (p.109) Qatna (p.109) Qianlong (p.109) Qin dynasty (p.109) Qing dynasty (p.109) quarry (p.109) quarter (p.109) quartz (p.109) quartzite (p.109) Quebec (p.109) queen (p.109) quiver (p.109) radiocarbon dating (p.110) radiography (p.110) ram (p.110) Ramesseum (p.110) rampart (p.110) Ramses (p.110) Ramses II (p.110) Ramses III (p.110) Ramses IV (p.110) Ramses IX (p.110) Ramses V (p.110) razor (p.110) reconstitution (p.110) reconstruction (p.110) recording (p.110) Red Sea (p.111) reign (p.111) relation (p.111) relationship (p.111) relic (p.111) religion (p.111) religious organization (p.111) remote sensing (p.111)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 231 COLLECTIONS

representation (p.111) rescue excavation (p.111) resin (p.111) resistivity (p.111) restoration (p.111) reuse (p.111) reused block (p.111) Rhodes (p.111) rhyton (p.111) rice (p.112) right (law) (p.112) ring (p.112) rite (p.112) ritual (p.112) river (p.112) river navigation (p.112) road (p.112) rock architecture (p.112) rock art (p.112) rock crystal (p.112) rock painting (p.112) rock relief (p.112) Roman antiquity (p.112) Roman Empire (p.112) Romans (p.112) roofing (p.112) rope (p.112) rosette (p.113) Royal Archives (p.113) rubbing (p.113) sabre (p.114) sacred animal (p.114) sacred lake (p.114) sacred tree (p.114) sacrifice (p.114) saddle (p.114) Safavid dynasty (p.114) saline (p.114) salt (p.114) salvage (p.114) Samanid dynasty (p.114) Samaria (p.114) sanctuary (p.114) sandal (p.114) sandstone (p.114) Saqqara (p.115) sarcophagus (p.115) Sargon I (p.115) Sargon II (p.115) Sargon III (p.115) Sasanid dynasty (p.115) satrap (p.115) scanning electron microscopy (p.115) scarab (p.115) scaraboïd (p.115) sceptre (p.115) schist (p.115) science (p.115) screen (p.115) scribe (p.115) scroll (p.115) sculptor (p.116) sculpture (p.116) sculpture in the round (p.116) Scythians (p.116) sea (p.116) Sea Peoples (p.116) sea route (p.116) seal (p.116) seal impression (p.116) seashore (p.116) seat (p.116)

232 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Second Intermediate Period (p.116) Second Malla Period (p.116) Second Persian domination (p.116) sediment (p.116) sedimentology (p.116) Seldjukid dynasty (p.116) Seleucid dynasty (p.117) semantics (p.117) Sennacherib (p.117) sensor (p.117) Senusret I (p.117) Senusret II (p.117) Senusret III (p.117) seriation (p.117) serpentine (p.117) Seth (p.117) Sethy I (p.117) settlement (p.117) sewer (p.117) sexuality (p.118) Shahr-i Sokhta (p.118) Shang dynasty (p.118) shawabti (p.118) sheep (p.118) shell (p.118) shell artefact (p.118) shell industry (p.118) shelter (p.118) sherd (p.118) shield (p.118) shoe (p.118) shore (p.118) Shore Temple (p.118) shroud (p.118) sickle (p.118) Sidon (p.119) sieving (p.119) silk (p.119) Silk Road (p.119) silo (p.119) silver (p.119) silver artefact (p.119) sinology (p.119) sistrum (p.119) situla (p.119) Six Dynasties (p.119) skeleton (p.119) skull (p.119) slavery (p.119) Slovakia (p.119) Slovenia (p.119) small boat (p.119) small column (p.119) smelting furnace (p.120) snake (p.120) snuffbox (p.120) Sobek (p.120) social organization (p.120) social structure (p.120) society (p.120) society and institute (p.120) sociology (p.120) Sogdian (p.120) soldier (p.120) Solomon (p.120) Solomon Kingdom (p.120) Song dynasty (p.120) sorghum (p.120) sorting (p.120) souk (p.120) South America (p.121) South Asia (p.121)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 233 COLLECTIONS

South-East Asia (p.121) Southern and Northern Dynasties (p.121) Southern Song (p.121) Spain (p.121) spatula (p.121) spear (p.121) spearhead (p.121) spectrometry (p.121) sphinx (p.121) spindle wheel (p.121) spiral (p.121) spit (p.121) spoon (p.121) sport (p.121) Spring and Autumn Period (p.121) spur (p.121) Sri Lanka (p.122) stained glass window (p.122) staircase (p.122) stamp (p.122) stamp (philately) (p.122) standard banner (p.122) star (p.122) state (p.122) statistics (p.122) statuary (p.122) statue (p.122) statuette (p.122) status (p.122) steatite (p.122) steatite artefact (p.122) steel (p.122) steel artefact (p.123) stela (p.123) stick (p.123) stielting (p.123) stirrup (p.123) stone (p.123) stone object (p.123) storage (p.123) storehouse (p.123) story (p.123) Strait of Gibraltar (p.123) stratigraphy (p.123) street (p.123) stucco (p.123) stupa (p.123) style (p.123) stylistics (p.123) Sudan (p.123) Sufism (p.124) Sui dynasty (p.124) Sumerian (p.124) sun (p.124) sundial (p.124) supernova (p.124) Suppiluliuma II (p.124) supplying (p.124) support (p.124) surgery (p.124) survey (p.124) Susa (p.124) sutra (p.124) Swat Valley (p.124) swing plough (p.124) sword (p.124) symbol (p.125) symbolic gesture (p.125) symbolics (p.125) symbolism (p.125) synagogue (p.125) syncretism (p.125)

234 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

synthesis (p.125) Syria (p.125) Syriac (p.125) Syrian (p.125) Syrians (p.125) system (p.125) Sātavāhana dynasty (p.125) Sūrya (p.125) table (p.126) tablet (p.126) Taharqa (p.126) Taira (p.126) talatat (p.126) talisman (p.126) Talmud (p.126) Tang dynasty (p.126) Tanis (p.126) Tanite dynasty (p.126) tank (p.126) Tantrism (p.126) Taoism (p.126) taotie (p.126) tapestry (p.126) Tara (p.126) tax (p.127) tax system (p.127) taxation (p.127) taxinomy (p.127) tea (p.127) tea ceremony (p.127) Tebtunis (p.127) technique (p.127) technology (p.127) Tel Dan (p.127) tell (p.127) Tell el-Amarna (p.127) temper (p.127) temple (p.127) temple mountain (p.127) tent (p.127) terminology (p.127) terrace (p.127) terracotta (p.128) tessera (p.128) tetradrachma (p.128) text (p.128) textile (p.128) Thailand (p.128) thanka (p.128) theatre (p.128) Thebes (p.128) theology (p.128) theory (p.128) thermae (p.128) thermoluminescence (p.128) thesis (p.128) Thinit Epoch (p.128) Thinite dynasty (p.128) Third Intermediate Period (p.128) Thot (p.128) Three Kingdoms (p.129) throne (p.129) Thutmosis III (p.129) Tibet (p.129) Tiglath-Pileser I (p.129) Tiglath-Pileser III (p.129) tile (p.129) tile (roof) (p.129) time (p.129) Timourid dynasty (p.129) tin (p.129) titulary (p.129)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 235 COLLECTIONS

toad (p.129) toiletry article (p.129) token (p.130) Tokugawa (p.130) Toltec Civilization (p.130) Toltecs (p.130) tool (p.130) tooth (p.130) tophet (p.130) topography (p.130) toponymy (p.130) toreutics (p.130) tower (p.130) town (p.130) town planning (p.130) toy (p.130) trace (p.130) trade (p.130) tradition (p.130) transcription (p.131) translation (p.131) transliteration (p.131) transmission electron microscopy (p.131) transport (p.131) travel (p.131) traveller (p.131) treasure (p.131) treatise (p.131) treatment (p.131) tree (p.131) trepanation (p.131) tribute (p.131) tripod (p.131) triumphal arch (p.131) tunic (p.131) Tunisia (p.132) tunnel (p.132) Turkistan (p.132) turquoise (p.132) turquoise artefact (p.132) turtle (p.132) turtle shell (p.132) Tutankhamun (p.132) tuyere (p.132) typology (p.132) Tyre (p.132) Udjat Eye (p.133) Umayyad dynasty (p.133) underwater archaeology (p.133) Ur (p.133) Ur III dynasty (p.133) Urartu (p.133) urban archeology (p.133) urbanization (p.133) urn (p.133) Uzbekistan (p.133) Valley of the Kings (p.134) varnishing (p.134) vase (p.134) Vat Phu (p.134) vault (p.134) Vedism (p.134) Vietnam (p.134) villa (p.134) village (p.134) vine (p.134) Vishnuism (p.134) visiting (p.134) viticulture (p.134) vizier (p.134) vocabulary (p.134) volcanic eruption (p.134)

236 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

wall (p.135) wall painting (p.135) Waqf (p.135) war (p.135) Warring States Period (p.135) warrior (p.135) water (p.135) water logged wood (p.135) wax (p.135) weapon (p.135) wear (p.135) weaving (p.135) weaving loom (p.135) weaving tool (p.135) weight (p.135) well (p.135) West Indies (p.136) Western Zhou dynasty (p.136) wheel (p.136) whistle (p.136) wig (p.136) wine (p.136) wine press (p.136) woman (p.136) wood (p.136) wooden object (p.136) wool (p.136) work (p.136) workman (p.136) workshop (p.136) wrapping (p.136) wrestling (p.136) writing (p.136) X ray diffraction (p.137) X ray fluorescence spectrometry (p.137) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (p.137) xeroradiography (p.137) Xerxes (p.137) Xi Xia Empire (p.137) Xiongnu (p.137) xylography (p.137) yak (p.138) Yayoi (p.138) Yemen (p.138) Yukatan (p.138) Yüan dynasty (p.138) Zen (p.139) ziggurat (p.139) Zimri-Lim (p.139) zinc (p.139) zodiac (p.139) zoomorphism (p.139) zootechny (p.139) Zoroastrianism (p.139) Art Abassid dynasty (p.19) academy (p.19) Achaemenid dynasty (p.19) acquisition (p.19) acropolis (p.19) aesthetics (p.19) Akbar (p.20) Alhambra (p.21) Almohad dynasty (p.21) Almoravid dynasty (p.21) Amarnian Period (p.21) amethyst (p.22) aniconism (p.23) arabesque (p.24) Archaic Period (p.24) architecture (p.24) Arsacid dynasty (p.25)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 237 COLLECTIONS

art (p.25) art history (p.25) art Print (p.25) artist (p.25) artistic taste (p.25) Assyrian Empire (p.26) Astarte (p.26) Attalid dynasty (p.26) Axumite dynasty (p.27) Ayyubid dynasty (p.27) Bagram (p.28) bamboo (p.28) banquet (p.28) baroque (p.28) Bastet (p.29) Bellerophon (p.30) Bes (p.30) bestiary (p.30) bibliography (p.30) blade (p.31) block statue (p.31) blue and white (p.31) book (p.31) Buddha (p.33) Buddhism (p.33) Burma (p.33) bust (p.33) Byzantine Empire (p.33) calligraphy (p.34) canon of proportion (p.35) canvas (p.35) carpet (p.35) celadon (p.36) ceramics (p.38) chisel (p.39) Chola dynasty (p.39) Choson dynasty (p.39) chrysanthemum (p.40) church (p.40) Churning of the Milk Ocean (p.40) cinema (p.40) Classical Period (p.40) cloth (p.41) Coatlicue (p.41) collection (p.42) collector (p.42) colonnade (p.42) colour (p.42) Cordoba (p.43) cornelian (p.43) cosmogony (p.44) cosmography (p.44) cosmology (p.44) costume (p.44) Coyolxauhqui (p.44) crocodile (p.45) cross (p.45) crystal (p.45) Cufic (p.45) cultual practice (p.45) cultural department (p.45) culture (p.45) cup (p.46) curator (p.46) cynegetic (p.46) damascening (p.47) dance (p.47) decoration (p.48) deity (p.48) demon (p.48) diplomatic gift (p.49) dome (p.50)

238 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

donation (p.50) dragon (p.50) drawing (p.50) Durrani dynasty (p.51) dye (p.51) Eastern Zhou dynasty (p.53) Edo Period (p.53) Edomite dynasty (p.53) Egyptian blue (p.54) Egyptian Museum in Cairo (p.54) electrum (p.54) embroidery (p.55) enamel (p.55) engraving (p.55) eroticism (p.56) ewer (p.57) faience (p.58) fan (p.58) Far East (p.58) Fatimid dynasty (p.58) fecundity (p.58) feldspar (p.58) figurine (p.58) film (p.58) fire (p.58) flower (p.59) foot (p.59) forger (p.59) forgery (p.59) fresco (p.60) frieze (p.60) frog (p.60) funerary art (p.60) funerary stela (p.60) Ganeśa (p.62) garden (p.62) gargoyle (p.62) gazelle (p.62) geoglyph (p.62) Ghaznavid dynasty (p.63) Ghurids (p.63) giraffe (p.63) glyptics (p.63) goblet (p.63) god (p.63) gold (p.63) Golden ratio (p.64) goldsmith's art (p.64) granite (p.64) griffin (p.64) Gupta (p.64) gypsum (p.65) hagiography (p.66) Han dynasty (p.66) Hathor (p.66) Heian Period (p.67) Hellenistic Period (p.67) Hercule (p.67) heritage (p.67) high relief (p.68) Hinduism (p.68) Hittite Empire (p.68) homage (p.68) Horus (p.69) Huitzilopochtli (p.69) human body (p.69) Iberian Peninsula (p.71) icon (p.71) iconographic programme (p.71) Ikhsidid dynasty (p.71) Ilkhan dynasty (p.71) illuminated manuscript (p.71)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 239 COLLECTIONS

imagery (p.71) immortality (p.71) ink (p.73) inlay (p.73) inscribed bamboo (p.73) Islam (p.74) Ištar (p.75) jade (p.76) Jainism (p.76) Japonism (p.76) jewel (p.76) joinery (p.76) Kamakura Period (p.78) Kassite dynasty (p.78) kilim (p.78) Koran (p.79) Korea (p.79) Koryo dynasty (p.79) Kushana Empire (p.79) lacquer (p.80) landscape (p.80) lapis-lazuli (p.80) legend (p.81) Liao Empire (p.82) lion (p.82) literature (p.82) lost-wax casting (p.83) lotus (p.83) low-relief (p.83) Maitreya (p.84) Mamluk dynasty (p.84) mandala (p.85) marble (p.85) Marduk (p.85) market (p.85) mask (p.86) Mathura School (p.86) Maurya dynasty (p.86) Median Empire (p.87) Meiji (p.87) metal object (p.88) Ming dynasty (p.89) mingqi (p.89) model (p.90) Moghol Empire (p.90) monkey (p.90) monograph (p.90) monotheism (p.91) monument (p.91) moon (p.91) mosaic (p.91) mother of pearl (p.91) Muromachi Period (p.92) museum (p.92) music (p.92) musical instrument (p.92) myth (p.92) Nara (p.93) net (p.94) netsuke (p.94) Nguyen dynasty (p.95) Northern Song (p.95) Nout (p.95) official (p.96) Orientalism (p.97) Orientalist (p.97) pagoda (p.99) painter (p.99) painting (p.99) painting materiels (p.99) Palaiologoi dynasty (p.99) Pallava dynasty (p.99)

240 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

paper (p.100) Persian Empire (p.101) perspective (p.101) photography (p.102) piece of furniture (p.103) pigment (p.103) polytheism (p.104) pomp (p.104) porcelain (p.104) portrait (p.104) presentation (p.105) priest (p.105) priestess (p.105) printing (p.105) proportion (p.106) protome (p.106) psalter (p.106) psychostasia (p.106) Ptah (p.106) publication (p.107) pyxis (p.107) Qajar dynasty (p.109) Qin dynasty (p.109) Qing dynasty (p.109) relief (p.111) representation (p.111) restoration (p.111) rock art (p.112) rock painting (p.112) rock relief (p.112) Roman Empire (p.112) rosette (p.113) Safavid dynasty (p.114) Samanid dynasty (p.114) sandstone (p.114) Sasanid dynasty (p.115) sceptre (p.115) scroll (p.115) sculptor (p.116) sculpture (p.116) sculpture in the round (p.116) Second Malla Period (p.116) Seldjukid dynasty (p.116) Seleucid dynasty (p.117) serpentine (p.117) Seth (p.117) Shang dynasty (p.118) silk (p.119) Silk Road (p.119) silver (p.119) Six Dynasties (p.119) snake (p.120) Sobek (p.120) Song dynasty (p.120) Southern Song (p.121) sphinx (p.121) spiral (p.121) Spring and Autumn Period (p.121) stained glass window (p.122) star (p.122) statuary (p.122) statue (p.122) statuette (p.122) style (p.123) stylistics (p.123) Sui dynasty (p.124) sun (p.124) support (p.124) symbol (p.125) symbolics (p.125) symbolism (p.125) Sātavāhana dynasty (p.125)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 241 COLLECTIONS

Sūrya (p.125) table (p.126) Tang dynasty (p.126) Tantrism (p.126) Taoism (p.126) taotie (p.126) tapestry (p.126) tea ceremony (p.127) thanka (p.128) theology (p.128) Thinit Epoch (p.128) Thot (p.128) Three Kingdoms (p.129) throne (p.129) Timourid dynasty (p.129) Tokugawa (p.130) toreutics (p.130) tradition (p.130) travel (p.131) treatment (p.131) triad (p.131) turquoise (p.132) turtle (p.132) ukiyo-e (p.133) Umayyad dynasty (p.133) Ur III dynasty (p.133) varnishing (p.134) vase (p.134) Vishnuism (p.134) wall painting (p.135) Waqf (p.135) Warring States Period (p.135) watercolour (p.135) wax (p.135) woman (p.136) Xi Xia Empire (p.137) xylography (p.137) Yüan dynasty (p.138) Zen (p.139) zoomorphism (p.139) Education / Education sciences educational material (p.54) pedagogy (p.101) Ethnology Bedouins (p.29) endogamy (p.55) ethnography (p.56) ethnohistory (p.56) ethnology (p.56) History 10th century AD (p.7) 11th century AD (p.7) 11th century BC (p.7) 12th century AD (p.7) 12th century BC (p.7) 13th century AD (p.7) 13th century BC (p.7) 14th century AD (p.7) 14th century BC (p.7) 15th century AD (p.7) 15th century BC (p.8) 16th century AD (p.8) 16th century BC (p.8) 17th century AD (p.8) 17th century BC (p.8) 18th century AD (p.8) 18th century BC (p.8) 19th century AD (p.8) 19th century BC (p.8) 1st century AD (p.8) 1st century BC (p.8) 20th century AD (p.10)

242 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

20th century BC (p.10) 21st century BC (p.10) 22nd century BC (p.10) 23rd century BC (p.10) 24th century BC (p.10) 25th century BC (p.10) 26th century BC (p.10) 27th century BC (p.11) 28th century BC (p.11) 29th century BC (p.11) 2nd century AD (p.11) 2nd century BC (p.11) 30th century BC (p.12) 31st century BC (p.12) 32nd century BC (p.12) 33rd century BC (p.12) 34th century BC (p.12) 35th century BC (p.12) 3rd century AD (p.12) 3rd century BC (p.12) 4th century AD (p.13) 4th century BC (p.13) 5th century AD (p.14) 5th century BC (p.14) 6th century AD (p.15) 6th century BC (p.15) 7th century AD (p.16) 7th century BC (p.16) 8th century AD (p.17) 8th century BC (p.17) 9th century AD (p.18) 9th century BC (p.18) Abassid dynasty (p.19) Achaemenid dynasty (p.19) Afsharid dynasty (p.20) Aghlabid dynasty (p.20) Ahmosis I (p.20) Ahmosis II (p.20) Akbar (p.20) Akhenaton (p.20) Alexander the Great (p.21) Almohad dynasty (p.21) Almoravid dynasty (p.21) Amenemhet I (p.21) Amenemhet II (p.21) Amenemhet III (p.21) Amenemhet IV (p.22) Amenemhet V (p.22) Amenhotep I (p.22) Amenhotep II (p.22) Amenophis III (p.22) ancient author (p.23) Antoninus Pius (p.23) army (p.25) Arsacid dynasty (p.25) Ashurbanipal (p.25) Ashurnasirpal I (p.25) Ashurnasirpal II (p.26) Asoka (p.26) Assyrian Empire (p.26) Attalid dynasty (p.26) Augustus (p.26) Axumite dynasty (p.27) Ayyubid dynasty (p.27) British Rāj (p.32) Byzantine Empire (p.33) Cambyses II (p.34) cavalry (p.36) Ch'u (p.38) Chancas (p.38) Chola dynasty (p.39) Chorasmia (p.39)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 243 COLLECTIONS

Choson dynasty (p.39) chronology (p.40) Cleopatra I (p.41) Cleopatra II (p.41) Cleopatra III (p.41) Cleopatra IV (p.41) Cleopatra VI (p.41) Cleopatra VII (p.41) coin (p.42) Constantine (p.43) coregency (p.43) corpus (p.44) correspondence (p.44) Crusaders (p.45) Cyrus II the Great (p.46) daily life (p.47) Darius I (p.47) David (p.47) deportation (p.49) diplomacy (p.49) Durrani dynasty (p.51) Eastern Zhou dynasty (p.53) Edo Period (p.53) Edomite dynasty (p.53) education (p.54) endogamy (p.55) Esarhaddon (p.56) ethnohistory (p.56) expansion (p.57) expedition (p.57) Fatimid dynasty (p.58) Ghaznavid dynasty (p.63) Ghurids (p.63) Gupta (p.64) Hadrian (p.66) Han dynasty (p.66) harem (p.66) Heian Period (p.67) history (p.68) Hittite Empire (p.68) Horemheb (p.68) Ikhsidid dynasty (p.71) Ilkhan dynasty (p.71) immigration (p.71) inheritance (p.72) institution (p.73) Jean-François Champollion (p.76) Kamakura Period (p.78) Kassite dynasty (p.78) king (p.78) kingdom (p.78) kingship (p.78) Koryo dynasty (p.79) Kushana Empire (p.79) Kushit dynasty (p.79) Late Period (p.80) Liao Empire (p.82) Mamluk dynasty (p.84) Manethon (p.85) Maurya dynasty (p.86) Median Empire (p.87) Meiji (p.87) Menes (p.87) mercenary (p.87) migration (p.88) Ming dynasty (p.89) Moghol dynasty (p.90) Moghol Empire (p.90) money circulation (p.90) Muromachi Period (p.92) Naram-Sin (p.93) Nasrid dynasty (p.93)

244 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

Nefertari (p.94) Nefertiti (p.94) Nguyen dynasty (p.95) Northern Song (p.95) official (p.96) Ottoman Empire (p.98) Palaiologoi dynasty (p.99) Pallava dynasty (p.99) Persian Empire (p.101) Psusennes I (p.106) Ptolemy I Soter (p.107) Ptolemy II Philadelphus (p.107) Ptolemy IV Philopator (p.107) Ptolemy V Epiphanes (p.107) Ptolemy VI Philometor (p.107) Ptolemy XII Auletes (p.107) Qajar dynasty (p.109) Qianlong (p.109) Qin dynasty (p.109) Qing dynasty (p.109) queen (p.109) Ramses (p.110) Ramses II (p.110) Ramses III (p.110) Ramses IV (p.110) Ramses IX (p.110) Ramses V (p.110) reign (p.111) relation (p.111) Roman Empire (p.112) Safavid dynasty (p.114) Samanid dynasty (p.114) Sargon I (p.115) Sargon II (p.115) Sargon III (p.115) Sasanid dynasty (p.115) satrap (p.115) science (p.115) sea route (p.116) Second Persian domination (p.116) Seldjukid dynasty (p.116) Seleucid dynasty (p.117) Sennacherib (p.117) Senusret I (p.117) Senusret II (p.117) Senusret III (p.117) Sethy I (p.117) Shang dynasty (p.118) Six Dynasties (p.119) slavery (p.119) soldier (p.120) Solomon (p.120) Song dynasty (p.120) Southern and Northern Dynasties (p.121) Southern Song (p.121) Sui dynasty (p.124) Suppiluliuma II (p.124) Sātavāhana dynasty (p.125) Taharqa (p.126) Taira (p.126) Tang dynasty (p.126) Tara (p.126) tax (p.127) Thinit Epoch (p.128) Three Kingdoms (p.129) Thutmosis III (p.129) Tiglath-Pileser I (p.129) Tiglath-Pileser III (p.129) Timourid dynasty (p.129) Tokugawa (p.130) toponymy (p.130) trade (p.130)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 245 COLLECTIONS

traveller (p.131) treatise (p.131) tribute (p.131) Tutankhamun (p.132) Umayyad dynasty (p.133) Ur III dynasty (p.133) vizier (p.134) Warring States Period (p.135) Western Zhou dynasty (p.136) Xerxes (p.137) Xi Xia Empire (p.137) Yüan dynasty (p.138) Zimri-Lim (p.139) History of sciences and technology pharmacopoeia (p.102) printing (p.105) Law code (p.41) Linguistics Akkadian (p.20) Arabic (p.24) Assyrian (p.26) Babylonian (p.28) Choresmian (p.39) Elamite (p.54) etymology (p.56) grammar (p.64) Hittite (p.68) language (p.80) Latin (p.81) lexicocraphy (p.81) linguitics (p.82) Manchu (p.84) Mandaean (p.85) Neobabylonian (p.94) onomastic (p.97) Palaeobabylonian (p.99) palaeography (p.99) philology (p.102) Phoenician (p.102) Qatabanian (p.109) semantics (p.117) Sumerian (p.124) Syriac (p.125) Syrian (p.125) terminology (p.127) toponymy (p.130) transcription (p.131) translation (p.131) transliteration (p.131) vocabulary (p.134) Literature literature (p.82) prayer (p.105) Philosophy philosophy (p.102) Prehistory barter (p.29) cardium (p.35) knapping workshop (p.79) lithic industry (p.82) megalith (p.87) microlith (p.88) Religions ambo (p.21) aniconism (p.23) Astarte (p.26) Bastet (p.29) Bes (p.30) Bible (p.30) Buddha (p.33) Buddhism (p.33)

246 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

canon (p.35) Christianity (p.40) Coatlicue (p.41) Coyolxauhqui (p.44) cult (p.45) cultual practice (p.45) Dead Sea Scrolls (p.47) deity (p.48) demon (p.48) demonology (p.48) divination (p.50) eulogy ampulla (p.56) funerary rite (p.60) Ganeśa (p.62) god (p.63) Hathor (p.66) Hercule (p.67) Hinduism (p.68) Horus (p.69) Huitzilopochtli (p.69) Ištar (p.75) Jainism (p.76) Judaism (p.77) Koran (p.79) Lamaism (p.80) libation (p.82) Maitreya (p.84) mandala (p.85) Manicheism (p.85) Marduk (p.85) Mazdaism (p.86) monasticism (p.90) monotheism (p.91) Muslims (p.92) Nout (p.95) offering (p.96) Old Testament (p.97) oracle (p.97) ornament (p.97) pagoda (p.99) pilgrimage (p.103) polytheism (p.104) prayer (p.105) priest (p.105) priestess (p.105) psalter (p.106) psychostasia (p.106) Ptah (p.106) purification rite (p.107) relic (p.111) religion (p.111) rite (p.112) ritual (p.112) sacred animal (p.114) Seth (p.117) Sobek (p.120) Sufism (p.124) sutra (p.124) syncretism (p.125) Sūrya (p.125) Talmud (p.126) Tantrism (p.126) Taoism (p.126) temple (p.127) theology (p.128) Thot (p.128) tophet (p.130) triad (p.131) Vedism (p.134) Vishnuism (p.134) Waqf (p.135) Zen (p.139)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 247 COLLECTIONS

Zoroastrianism (p.139) Sociology sociology (p.120) Humanities and social sciences_Miscellaneous law (p.81) Mathematics mathematics (p.86) number (p.95) Multidisciplinary Geography Afghanistan (p.19) Alexandria (p.21) Algeria (p.21) America (p.22) Arabia (p.24) Asia (p.26) atlas (p.26) Bagram (p.28) Beijing (p.29) Belgium (p.29) Bethlehem (p.30) Black Sea (p.31) Bolivia (p.31) Burma (p.33) Cambodia (p.34) Capernaum (p.35) Cappadocia (p.35) Central America (p.36) Central Asia (p.36) Chile (p.39) China (p.39) China Sea (p.39) Colombia (p.42) Cyprus (p.46) Dead Sea (p.47) Ecuador (p.53) Egypt (p.54) Erythrea (p.56) Far East (p.58) France (p.60) geography (p.62) Germany (p.63) Great Britain (p.64) Guangdong (p.64) Guatemala (p.64) Haryana (p.66) Himalaya (p.68) Honduras (p.68) Iberian Peninsula (p.71) India (p.72) Indonesia (p.72) Iran (p.73) Iraq (p.74) Israel (p.74) Italy (p.74) Japan (p.76) Java (p.76) Jordan (p.76) Korea (p.79) Kyōto (p.79) Laos (p.80) Libya (p.82) Luxembourg (p.83) Malaysia (p.84) Mediterranean Sea (p.87) Mexico (p.88) Mongolia (p.90) Morocco (p.91) Nepal (p.94) Nile Delta (p.95) Nile Valley (p.95) North Africa (p.95)

248 | Art and Archaeology Vocabulary COLLECTIONS

North America (p.95) Persian Gulf (p.101) Peru (p.101) Philippines (p.102) Portugal (p.105) Quebec (p.109) Red Sea (p.111) Slovakia (p.119) Slovenia (p.119) South America (p.121) South Asia (p.121) South-East Asia (p.121) Spain (p.121) Sri Lanka (p.122) Sudan (p.123) Swat Valley (p.124) Syria (p.125) Thailand (p.128) Tibet (p.129) Tunisia (p.132) Turkistan (p.132) Uzbekistan (p.133) Vietnam (p.134) West Indies (p.136) Yemen (p.138) Yukatan (p.138) Multidisciplinary_Miscellaneous beer (p.29) bread (p.32) child (p.39) computing (p.42) diet (p.49) European Union (p.57) eye (p.57) foot (p.59) game (p.62) hand (p.66) itinerary (p.74) man (p.84) milk (p.89) mining (p.90) science (p.115) sea (p.116) sexuality (p.118) status (p.122) town (p.130) water (p.135) wine (p.136) woman (p.136)

Art and Archaeology Vocabulary | 249 - Institute for scientific and technical information -

ART and ARCHAEOLOGY Vocabulary

This vocabulary covers the fields of Art and Archaeology. It was used for indexing bibliographical records for the FRANCIS database http://pascal-francis.inist.fr/until 2015. The vocabulary contains 1960 entries grouped into 133 collections. The vocabulaire is browsable online on the terminological portal Loterre: https://www.loterre.fr

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