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The 2009 Atlantic Hurricane Season in Perspective by Dr
AIRCURRENTS THE 2009 ATLANTIC EDITor’s noTE: November 30 marked the official end of the Atlantic HURRICANE SEASON hurricane season. With nine named storms, including three hurricanes, and no U.S. landfalling hurricanes, this season was the second quietest since IN PERSPECTIVE 1995, the year the present period of above-average sea surface temperatures (SSTs) began. This year’s relative inactivity stands in sharp contrast to the 2008 season, during which Hurricanes Dolly, Gustav, and Ike battered the Gulf Coast, causing well over 10 billion USD in insured losses. With no U.S. landfalling hurricanes in 2009, but a near miss in the Northeast, 2009 reminds us yet again of the dramatic short term variability in hurricane 12.2009 landfalls, regardless of whether SSTs are above or below average. By Dr. Peter S. Dailey HOW DOES ACTIVITY IN 2009 COMPARE TO Hurricanes are much more intense than tropical storms, LONG-TERM AVERAGES? producing winds of at least 74 mph. Only about half of By all standard measures, the 2009 Atlantic hurricane tropical storms reach hurricane strength in a typical year, season was below average. Figure 1 shows the evolution with an average of six hurricanes by year end. Major of a “typical” season, which reflects the long-term hurricanes, with winds of 111 mph or more, are even rarer, climatological average over many decades of activity. with only about three expected in the typical year. Note the Tropical storms, which produce winds of at least 39 mph, sharp increase in activity during the core of the season—the occur rather frequently. -
Waste Management Strategy for the British Virgin Islands Ministry of Health & Social Development
FINAL REPORT ON WASTE MANAGEMENT WASTE CHARACTERISATION STRATEGY FOR THE BRITISH J U L Y 2 0 1 9 VIRGIN ISLANDS Ref. 32-BV-2018Waste Management Strategy for the British Virgin Islands Ministry of Health & Social Development TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ACRONYMS..............................................................................2 1 INTRODUCTION.........................................................3 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY..........................................................3 1.2 SUBJECT OF THE PRESENT REPORT..................................................3 1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE WASTE CHARACTERISATION................................3 2 METHODOLOGY.........................................................4 2.1 ORGANISATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE WASTE CHARACTERISATION....................................................................4 2.2 LIMITATIONS AND DIFFICULTIES......................................................6 3 RESULTS...................................................................7 3.1 GRANULOMETRY.............................................................................7 3.2 GRANULOMETRY.............................................................................8 3.2.1 Overall waste composition..................................................................8 3.2.2 Development of waste composition over the years..........................11 3.2.3 Waste composition per fraction........................................................12 3.3 STATISTICAL ANALYSIS.................................................................17 -
Resilience Potential: Assessing Jamaica's “Bounce-Back” from Hurricane Dean
Resilience Potential: Assessing Jamaica’s “Bounce-Back” from Hurricane Dean CaPRI is a Caribbean think tank that promotes evidence- based policymaking in the region. CaPRI espouses a methodology which is built on the values of multi- disciplinary work, team work and the utilization of the diaspora in our search for evidence. Committed to the region’s development, CaPRI has strong linkages with the academic community, the private sector and civil society. For information and feedback, please contact: Caribbean Policy Research Institute GUANGO TREE HOUSE, 29 MUNROE ROAD, KINGSTON 6 JAMAICA, W.I. TEL: (876) 970-3447 (876) 970-2910 FAX: (876) 970-4544 E-mail: [email protected] WEBSITE: http://www.takingresponsibility.org 2 Table of Contents Pages List of Figures, Tables and Boxes .............................................................4 Preface......................................................................................................5 Executive Summary .................................................................................6-7 Introduction: Resilience Potential ...........................................................8-9 1. Natural Disasters: The Global Context................................................10-13 2. Natural Disasters in the Caribbean .....................................................14-18 3. Changing Practices in Disaster Management…………………………19-20 4. Disaster Management in Jamaica .....................................................21 4.1 National Disaster Plan…………………………………………….21 -
Employing Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems to Improve Situational Awareness and Operational Physical Routines
Proposal Title: Employing Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems to Improve Situational Awareness and Operational Physical Routines Used to Predict Tropical Cyclone Structure and Intensity A Proposal Submitted to NOAA Funding Opportunity: NOAA-OAR-WPO-2021-2006592 Competition Area: Observations Principal Investigator: Dr. Jun A. Zhang University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 (305) 361-4557 [email protected] Co-Principal Investigator Dr. Joseph J. Cione Hurricane Research Division, AOML/NOAA 4301 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 (305) 213-0886 [email protected] Institutional Representative Eva Leach Sponsored Programs Specialist, Research Administration Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 (305) 421-4635 [email protected] Proposed period: 2 years (August 1, 2021 – July 31, 2023) Requested budget: 1st Year: $299,182; 2nd Year: $299,173; Total budget: $598,355 Year 1 Year 2 Total U. Miami $288,415 $288,176 $576,591 (including the (including the (including the indirect cost indirect cost of indirect cost of of $59,514) $59,465) $118,979) HRD/AOML/NOAA $10,767 $10,997 $21,764 (field travel) (field travel) (field travel) Total Project Cost $299,182 $299,173 $598,355 1 Proposal Title: Employing Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems to Improve Situational Awareness and Operational Physical Routines Used to Predict Tropical Cyclone Structure and Intensity A Proposal Submitted to NOAA Funding Opportunity: NOAA-OAR-WPO-2021-2006592 Competition Area: Observations Principal Investigator: Dr. Jun A. Zhang, University of Miami Co-Principal Investigator: Dr. Joseph J. Cione, HRD/AOML/NOAA NOAA Collaborators: Dr. -
Intense Hurricane Activity Over the Past 1500 Years at South Andros
RESEARCH ARTICLE Intense Hurricane Activity Over the Past 1500 Years 10.1029/2019PA003665 at South Andros Island, The Bahamas Key Points: E. J. Wallace1 , J. P. Donnelly2 , P. J. van Hengstum3,4, C. Wiman5, R. M. Sullivan4,2, • Sediment cores from blue holes on 4 2 6 7 Andros Island record intense T. S. Winkler , N. E. d'Entremont , M. Toomey , and N. Albury hurricane activity over the past 1 millennium and a half Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography, Woods • Multi‐decadal shifts in Intertropical Hole, Massachusetts, USA, 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Convergence Zone position and Hole, Massachusetts, USA, 3Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA, volcanic activity modulate the 4Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, 5School of Earth and Sustainability, hurricane patterns observed on 6 Andros Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA, U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, • Hurricane patterns on Andros Reston, Virginia, USA, 7National Museum of The Bahamas, Nassau, The Bahamas match patterns from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico but are anti‐phased with patterns from New Abstract Hurricanes cause substantial loss of life and resources in coastal areas. Unfortunately, England historical hurricane records are too short and incomplete to capture hurricane‐climate interactions on ‐ ‐ ‐ Supporting Information: multi decadal and longer timescales. Coarse grained, hurricane induced deposits preserved in blue holes • Supporting Information S1 in the Caribbean can provide records of past hurricane activity extending back thousands of years. Here we present a high resolution record of intense hurricane events over the past 1500 years from a blue hole on South Andros Island on the Great Bahama Bank. -
The Influences of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons
Meteorology Senior Theses Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects 2018 The nflueI nces of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons Hannah Messier Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/mteor_stheses Part of the Meteorology Commons Recommended Citation Messier, Hannah, "The nflueI nces of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons" (2018). Meteorology Senior Theses. 40. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/mteor_stheses/40 This Dissertation/Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Meteorology Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Influences of the North Atlantic Subtropical High and the African Easterly Jet on Hurricane Tracks During Strong and Weak Seasons Hannah Messier Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa Alex Gonzalez — Mentor Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames Iowa Joshua J. Alland — Mentor Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York ABSTRACT The summertime behavior of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH), African Easterly Jet (AEJ), and the Saharan Air Layer (SAL) can provide clues about key physical aspects of a particular hurricane season. More accurate tropical weather forecasts are imperative to those living in coastal areas around the United States to prevent loss of life and property. -
2014 North Atlantic Hurricane Season Review
2014 North Atlantic Hurricane Season Review WHITEPAPER Executive Summary The 2014 Atlantic hurricane season was a quiet season, closing with eight 2014 marks the named storms, six hurricanes, and two major hurricanes (Category 3 or longest period on stronger). record – nine Forecast groups predicted that the formation of El Niño and below consecutive years average sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the Atlantic Main – that no major Development Region (MDR)1 through the season would inhibit hurricanes made development in 2014, leading to a below average season. While 2014 landfall over the was indeed quiet, these predictions didn’t materialize. U.S. The scientific community has attributed the low activity in 2014 to a number of oceanic and atmospheric conditions, predominantly anomalously low Atlantic mid-level moisture, anomalously high tropical Atlantic subsidence (sinking air) in the Main Development Region (MDR), and strong wind shear across the Caribbean. Tropical cyclone activity in the North Atlantic basin was also influenced by below average activity in the 2014 West African monsoon season, which suppressed the development of African easterly winds. The year 2014 marks the longest period on record – nine consecutive years since Hurricane Wilma in 2005 – that no major hurricanes made landfall over the U.S., and also the ninth consecutive year that no hurricane made landfall over the coastline of Florida. The U.S. experienced only one landfalling hurricane in 2014, Hurricane Arthur. Arthur made landfall over the Outer Banks of North Carolina as a Category 2 hurricane on July 4, causing minor damage. While Mexico and Central America were impacted by two landfalling storms and the Caribbean by three, Bermuda suffered the most substantial damage due to landfalling storms in 2014.Hurricane Fay and Major Hurricane Gonzalo made landfall on the island within a week of each other, on October 12 and October 18, respectively. -
ABSTRACT Title of Document: the EFFECT of HURRICANE SANDY
ABSTRACT Title of Document: THE EFFECT OF HURRICANE SANDY ON NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL MARSHES EVALUATED WITH SATELLITE IMAGERY Diana Marie Roman, Master of Science, August 2015 Directed By: Professor, Michael S. Kearney, Environmental Science and Technology Hurricane Sandy, one of several large extratropical hurricanes to impact New Jersey since 1900, produced some of the most extensive coastal destruction within the last fifty years. Though the damage to barrier islands from Sandy was well-documented, the effect of Sandy on the New Jersey coastal marshes has not. The objective of this analysis, based on twenty-three Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data sets collected between 1984 and 2011 and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images collected between 2013 and 2014 was to determine the effect of Hurricane Sandy on the New Jersey Atlantic coastal marshes. Image processing was performed using ENVI image analysis software with the NDX model (Rogers and Kearney, 2004). Results support the conclusion that the marshes were stable between 1984 and 2006, but had decreased in vegetation density coverage since 2007. Hurricane Sandy caused the greatest damage to low-lying marshes located close to where landfall occurred. THE EFFECT OF HURRICANE SANDY ON NEW JERSEY ATLANTIC COASTAL MARSHES EVALUATED WITH SATELLITE IMAGERY by Diana Marie Roman Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Maryland, College Park in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science 2015 Advisory Committee: Professor Michael Kearney, Chair Professor Andrew Baldwin Associate Professor Andrew Elmore © Copyright by Diana Marie Roman 2015 Forward Hurricane storm impacts on coastal salt marshes have increased over time. -
Verification of National Hurricane Center Forecasts of Extratropical Transition
10C.2 Verification of National Hurricane Center Forecasts of Extratropical Transition John L. Beven II NOAA/NWS/NCEP/National Hurricane Center I. Introduction become TCs in a process known as tropical transition (Davis and Bosart 2004). More A great variety of cyclonic circulations commonly, TCs leaving the tropical environment exist in the atmosphere, each with its characteristic interact with baroclinic systems in the westerlies. structure and driving energy (Beven 1997, Figure This causes the TCs to become frontal or 1). Of particular interest is the tropical cyclone extratropical cyclones with the driving energy (TC), which has a warm-core non-frontal thermal derived from air mass contrast and the strongest structure generated by diabatic heat release from winds typically more than 100 km from the center, convective activity near the center. The strongest accompanied by significantly changed winds and heaviest rains in a tropical cyclone are precipitation patterns. This process is known as typically within 100 km of the center with extratropical transition (ET). maximum sustained winds sometimes as high as 90 ms-1. There are several studies of ET which highlight the many ways a TC can interact with a baroclinic environment and the variety of resulting structures. These include the Thorncroft and Jones (2000) study of Hurricane Iris which became a powerful baroclinic cyclone with a warm-core structure, the Abraham et al. (2004) study of Hurricane Michael, and the Beven (2002) study of interrupted and failed transitions. These studies show the complexity of the process, which can pose a significant challenge to TC forecasters trying to predict ET. -
Hurricane Joaquin
HURRICANE TRACKING ADVISORY eVENT™ Hurricane Joaquin Information from NHC Advisory 14A, 8:00 AM EDT Thursday October 1, 2015 On the forecast track, the center of Joaquin will move near or over portions of the central Bahamas today and tonight and pass near or over portions of the northwestern Bahamas on Friday. Maximum sustained winds are near 120 mph with higher gusts. Joaquin is a category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale. Some strengthening is forecast in the next day or so, with some fluctuations in intensity possible on Friday. Intensity Measures Position & Heading U.S. Landfall (NHC) Max Sustained Wind 120 mph Position Relative to 10 miles N of Samana Cays Speed: (category 3) Land: Bahamas Est. Time & Region: n/a Min Central Pressure: 942 mb Coordinates: 23.2 N, 73.7 W Trop. Storm Force Est. Max Sustained Wind 140 miles Bearing/Speed: WSW or 240 degrees at 5 mph n/a Winds Extent: Speed: Forecast Summary Hurricane conditions are expected to continue in portions of the central and southeastern Bahamas through Friday. Hurricane conditions are expected over portions of the northwestern Bahamas on Friday. Tropical storm conditions will affect the southeastern Bahamas through tonight. A dangerous storm surge will raise water levels by as much as 5 to 8 feet above normal tide levels in the central Bahamas in areas of onshore flow. A storm surge of 2 to 4 feet above normal tide levels is expected in the northwest Bahamas within the hurricane warning area, and 1 to 2 feet is expected in the southeast Bahamas. -
Hurricane Joaquin
HURRICANE TRACKING ADVISORY eVENT™ Hurricane Joaquin Information from NHC Advisory 18A, 8:00 AM EDT Friday October 2, 2015 On the forecast track, the core of the strongest winds of Joaquin will continue moving over portions of the central and northwestern Bahamas today. Joaquin will begin to move away from the Bahamas tonight and Saturday. Maximum sustained winds are near 130 mph with higher gusts. Joaquin is a dangerous category 4 hurricane. Some fluctuations in intensity are possible during the next 24 hours. Slow weakening is expected to begin on Saturday. Intensity Measures Position & Heading U.S. Landfall (NHC) Max Sustained Wind 130 mph Position Relative to 30 miles NNE of Clarence Long Speed: (category 4) Land: Island Bahamas Est. Time & Region: n/a Min Central Pressure: 937 mb Coordinates: 23.4 N, 74.8 W Trop. Storm Force Est. Max Sustained Wind 205 miles Bearing/Speed: NW or 315 degrees at 3 mph n/a Winds Extent: Speed: Forecast Summary Hurricane conditions are expected to continue across portions of central and southeastern Bahamas through today. Hurricane and tropical storm conditions are expected over portions of the northwestern Bahamas today. Tropical storm conditions will affect other portions of the southeastern Bahamas, and the Turks and Caicos Islands today. Tropical storm conditions are expected over portions of eastern Cuba this morning. A dangerous storm surge will raise water levels by as much as 6 to 12 feet above normal tide levels in the central Bahamas in areas of onshore flow. A storm surge of 2 to 4 feet above normal tide levels is expected in the remainder of the Bahamas within the hurricane warning area. -
UB Powerpoint Template
converge.colorado.edu CONVERGE ethical, coordinated, and scientifically rigorous social science, engineering, and interdisciplinary extreme events research Lori Peek Principal Investigator, CONVERGE, SSEER, and ISEEER Director, Natural Hazards Center Professor, Department of Sociology University of Colorado Boulder Session 2: Collecting, Managing, and Archiving Social and Behavioral Science Data Describe opportunities for identifying and coordinating social science researchers so that we can best share information and publish our data as well as data collection protocols using DOIs, repositories, etc. Discuss some of the overarching challenges and concerns with sharing social science data, such as privacy, data management plans and related IRB policies, duplication vs. replication, etc. converge.colorado.edu 4 Things converge.colorado.edu 1. NSF has funded the CONVERGE initiative converge.colorado.edu Why CONVERGE? Why CONVERGE? • identify and coordinate researchers and research teams; • advance hazards and disaster research; • encourage the publication of data and data collection instruments and protocols (DesignSafe Cyberinfrastructure + CONVERGE). • support and accelerate training and mentoring; • fund virtual reconnaissance, field research, and the development of novel research instruments and data collection protocols; • accelerate the development of mobile applications for social science data collection (NHERI RAPID); Why CONVERGE? 2. NSF Supports Extreme Events Research (EER) Networks converge.colorado.edu Why the EER’s? Disciplinary