Hurricane Damage Detection on Four Major Caribbean Islands T ⁎ Kirsten M
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SUPPORTING RESILIENT RECONSTRUCTION in DOMINICA Building Back Better for a Resilient Future
SUPPORTING RESILIENT RECONSTRUCTION IN DOMINICA Building back better for a resilient future AT A GLANCE Country Dominica Damage to housing across all parishes following Hurricane Maria Risks Hurricanes; Floods; Landslides; Earthquakes Area of Engagement Enabling resilient recovery By improving the uptake of resilient building practices, Dominica can limit the damage from natural hazards. Data source: Hurricane Maria Post-Disaster Needs Assessment DOMINICA’S VULNERABILITY TO NATURAL HAZARDS Dominica is located within the Atlantic hurricane belt and SHARING RESULTS, LEVERAGING is extremely vulnerable to high-intensity weather events FINANCING AND STARTING TO such as high winds, excess rainfall and hurricanes. Physical REBUILD development in Dominica is concentrated along narrow coastal areas, particularly in the south and west. Housing is Following both Hurricane Maria and Tropical Storm Erika, not built to withstand extreme natural hazards, with wood and Dominica conducted Post-Disaster Needs Assessments (PDNAs), galvanized sheeting being most common for roofing and with with support from the ACP-EU NDRR Program*, which is few confined masonry buildings. managed by the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) and the World Bank. On September 18, 2017, Hurricane Maria hit Dominica with catastrophic effects. Hurricane Maria was one of the most The Hurricane Maria PDNA identified housing as the most rapidly intensifying storms in recent history, leaving Dominica affected sector and one of the most important and challenging exposed to winds, flash floods and landslides. The impacts of areas for recovery. Building on the recommendations of the Hurricane Maria were severe both for the country’s economy Hurricane Maria PDNA, the ACP-EU NDRR Program launched as well as the human development of its citizens, and affected the “Enhancing Resilient Reconstruction in Dominica” project. -
Intense Hurricane Activity Over the Past 1500 Years at South Andros
RESEARCH ARTICLE Intense Hurricane Activity Over the Past 1500 Years 10.1029/2019PA003665 at South Andros Island, The Bahamas Key Points: E. J. Wallace1 , J. P. Donnelly2 , P. J. van Hengstum3,4, C. Wiman5, R. M. Sullivan4,2, • Sediment cores from blue holes on 4 2 6 7 Andros Island record intense T. S. Winkler , N. E. d'Entremont , M. Toomey , and N. Albury hurricane activity over the past 1 millennium and a half Massachusetts Institute of Technology/Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Joint Program in Oceanography, Woods • Multi‐decadal shifts in Intertropical Hole, Massachusetts, USA, 2Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Convergence Zone position and Hole, Massachusetts, USA, 3Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA, volcanic activity modulate the 4Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA, 5School of Earth and Sustainability, hurricane patterns observed on 6 Andros Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA, U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, • Hurricane patterns on Andros Reston, Virginia, USA, 7National Museum of The Bahamas, Nassau, The Bahamas match patterns from the northeastern Gulf of Mexico but are anti‐phased with patterns from New Abstract Hurricanes cause substantial loss of life and resources in coastal areas. Unfortunately, England historical hurricane records are too short and incomplete to capture hurricane‐climate interactions on ‐ ‐ ‐ Supporting Information: multi decadal and longer timescales. Coarse grained, hurricane induced deposits preserved in blue holes • Supporting Information S1 in the Caribbean can provide records of past hurricane activity extending back thousands of years. Here we present a high resolution record of intense hurricane events over the past 1500 years from a blue hole on South Andros Island on the Great Bahama Bank. -
UB Powerpoint Template
converge.colorado.edu CONVERGE ethical, coordinated, and scientifically rigorous social science, engineering, and interdisciplinary extreme events research Lori Peek Principal Investigator, CONVERGE, SSEER, and ISEEER Director, Natural Hazards Center Professor, Department of Sociology University of Colorado Boulder Session 2: Collecting, Managing, and Archiving Social and Behavioral Science Data Describe opportunities for identifying and coordinating social science researchers so that we can best share information and publish our data as well as data collection protocols using DOIs, repositories, etc. Discuss some of the overarching challenges and concerns with sharing social science data, such as privacy, data management plans and related IRB policies, duplication vs. replication, etc. converge.colorado.edu 4 Things converge.colorado.edu 1. NSF has funded the CONVERGE initiative converge.colorado.edu Why CONVERGE? Why CONVERGE? • identify and coordinate researchers and research teams; • advance hazards and disaster research; • encourage the publication of data and data collection instruments and protocols (DesignSafe Cyberinfrastructure + CONVERGE). • support and accelerate training and mentoring; • fund virtual reconnaissance, field research, and the development of novel research instruments and data collection protocols; • accelerate the development of mobile applications for social science data collection (NHERI RAPID); Why CONVERGE? 2. NSF Supports Extreme Events Research (EER) Networks converge.colorado.edu Why the EER’s? Disciplinary -
Persistent Hydrological Consequences of Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico
RESEARCH LETTER Persistent Hydrological Consequences of Hurricane 10.1029/2018GL081591 Maria in Puerto Rico Special Section: P. W. Miller1,2 , A. Kumar1, T. L. Mote1 , F. D. S. Moraes1 , and D. R. Mishra1 The Three Major Hurricanes of 2017: Harvey, Irma and Maria 1Department of Geography, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA, 2Now at Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA Key Points: • Landscape vegetation metrics for Puerto Rico remained depressed Abstract In September 2017, Hurricane Maria severely defoliated Puerto Rico's landscape, coinciding below pre‐Maria values for with a series of persistent hydrological consequences involving the atmospheric, terrestrial, and marine approximately two months after components of the water cycle. During the defoliated period, the atmosphere's thermodynamic structure landfall 2 2 2 • Cloud and precipitation activity more strongly explained daily cloud activity (R PRE = 0.02; R POST = 0.40) and precipitation (R PRE = 0.19; demonstrated a stronger 2 R POST = 0.33) than before landfall, indicating that post‐Maria land‐atmosphere interactions were relationship to the atmospheric comparatively muted, with similar precipitation patterns also found following Hurricanes Hugo (1989) and thermodynamic profile during the defoliated period Georges (1998). Meanwhile, modeled post‐Maria runoff exceeded statistical expectations given the magnitude • Subsurface runoff responses to of contemporaneous precipitation. Enhanced runoff also coincided with greater sediment loads in nearshore rainfall and coastal suspended waters, increasing sediment content greater than twofold. This study offers a holistic narrative of sediment values remained elevated for two and four months, hydrospheric disturbance and recovery, whereby the instantaneous, large‐scale removal of vegetation is respectively accompanied by hydrologic changes “upstream” in the atmosphere and “downstream” in rivers and estuaries. -
Downloaded 10/01/21 04:51 PM UTC JULY 2003 ANNUAL SUMMARY 1455
1454 MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW VOLUME 131 ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2001 JOHN L. BEVEN II, STACY R. STEWART,MILES B. LAWRENCE,LIXION A. AVILA,JAMES L. FRANKLIN, AND RICHARD J. PASCH NOAA/NWS/Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 19 July 2002, in ®nal form 9 December 2002) ABSTRACT Activity during the 2001 hurricane season was similar to that of the 2000 season. Fifteen tropical storms developed, with nine becoming hurricanes and four major hurricanes. Two tropical depressions failed to become tropical storms. Similarities to the 2000 season include overall activity much above climatological levels and most of the cyclones occurring over the open Atlantic north of 258N. The overall ``lateness'' of the season was notable, with 11 named storms, including all the hurricanes, forming after 1 September. There were no hurricane landfalls in the United States for the second year in a row. However, the season's tropical cyclones were responsible for 93 deaths, including 41 from Tropical Storm Allison in the United States, and 48 from Hurricanes Iris and Michelle in the Caribbean. 1. Overview of the 2001 season cycleÐsimultaneously exhibiting characteristics of both tropical and extratropical cyclones (Hebert 1973). The National Hurricane Center (NHC) tracked 15 No hurricanes struck the United States during 2001. tropical cyclones (TCs) that achieved tropical storm or The season thus joins the 2000, 1990, and 1951 seasons hurricane strength in the Atlantic basin during 2001 as years in which eight or more hurricanes occurred (Table 1). Nine of these became hurricanes and four without a U.S. -
Hurricane Marãa Tripled Stem Breaks and Doubled Tree Mortality Relative
ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09319-2 OPEN Hurricane María tripled stem breaks and doubled tree mortality relative to other major storms María Uriarte 1, Jill Thompson2 & Jess K. Zimmerman3 Tropical cyclones are expected to intensify under a warming climate, with uncertain effects on tropical forests. One key challenge to predicting how more intense storms will influence these ecosystems is to attribute impacts specifically to storm meteorology rather than dif- 1234567890():,; ferences in forest characteristics. Here we compare tree damage data collected in the same forest in Puerto Rico after Hurricanes Hugo (1989, category 3), Georges (1998, category 3), and María (2017, category 4). María killed twice as many trees as Hugo, and for all but two species, broke 2- to 12-fold more stems than the other two storms. Species with high density wood were resistant to uprooting, hurricane-induced mortality, and were protected from breakage during Hugo but not María. Tree inventories and a wind exposure model allow us to attribute these differences in impacts to storm meteorology. A better understanding of risk factors associated with tree species susceptibility to severe storms is key to predicting the future of forest ecosystems under climate warming. 1 Department of Ecology Evolution and Environmental Biology, Columbia University, 1200 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA. 2 Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 0QB, UK. 3 Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00925, USA. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to M.U. (email: [email protected]) NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | (2019) 10:1362 | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09319-2 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09319-2 yclonic storms (hurricanes, cyclones, and typhoons) exposure to wind or the structure and composition of forests at Crepresent the dominant natural disturbance in coastal the time the storm struck. -
Hurricane Maria
Hurricane Maria Six-Month Update | April 2018 Red Cross Response Continues to Aid Communities with Urgent Needs More than six months after Hurricane Maria’s high winds We also worked to help survivors cope with day-to- and torrential rainfall devastated Puerto Rico, the U.S. day difficulties caused by the destruction of much of Virgin Islands and islands throughout the Caribbean, the the island’s power grid. For example, water pumps American Red Cross continues to provide life-sustaining aren’t functioning in many communities with ongoing support for people with urgent needs. In Maria’s wake, power outages, leaving thousands of residents thousands of hurricane survivors, particularly in more without access to safe drinking water. Red Cross isolated communities, face long-term challenges disaster workers traveled throughout Puerto Rico, brought about by severe storm damage to homes and supplying water filters to these heavily impacted infrastructure—including lack of power and clean water. areas and training people on how to purify the water they are drawing from wells, streams and rivers. Using the RC View data collection system, Red Cross volunteers and employees have been able to assess In addition, the Red Cross is providing critical health damage, identify unmet needs and target communities and mental health services for people dealing with across Puerto Rico where additional support is required. ongoing medical needs that were further complicated We have delivered vital relief items like drinking water, by damage to the health care infrastructure, as well as bulk food items and cleanup supplies, as well as tarps to those suffering from heartbreaking loss. -
ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005
MARCH 2008 ANNUAL SUMMARY 1109 ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005 JOHN L. BEVEN II, LIXION A. AVILA,ERIC S. BLAKE,DANIEL P. BROWN,JAMES L. FRANKLIN, RICHARD D. KNABB,RICHARD J. PASCH,JAMIE R. RHOME, AND STACY R. STEWART Tropical Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 2 November 2006, in final form 30 April 2007) ABSTRACT The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active of record. Twenty-eight storms occurred, includ- ing 27 tropical storms and one subtropical storm. Fifteen of the storms became hurricanes, and seven of these became major hurricanes. Additionally, there were two tropical depressions and one subtropical depression. Numerous records for single-season activity were set, including most storms, most hurricanes, and highest accumulated cyclone energy index. Five hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall in the United States, including four major hurricanes. Eight other cyclones made landfall elsewhere in the basin, and five systems that did not make landfall nonetheless impacted land areas. The 2005 storms directly caused nearly 1700 deaths. This includes approximately 1500 in the United States from Hurricane Katrina— the deadliest U.S. hurricane since 1928. The storms also caused well over $100 billion in damages in the United States alone, making 2005 the costliest hurricane season of record. 1. Introduction intervals for all tropical and subtropical cyclones with intensities of 34 kt or greater; Bell et al. 2000), the 2005 By almost all standards of measure, the 2005 Atlantic season had a record value of about 256% of the long- hurricane season was the most active of record. -
1 a Hyperactive End to the Atlantic Hurricane Season: October–November 2020
1 A Hyperactive End to the Atlantic Hurricane Season: October–November 2020 2 3 Philip J. Klotzbach* 4 Department of Atmospheric Science 5 Colorado State University 6 Fort Collins CO 80523 7 8 Kimberly M. Wood# 9 Department of Geosciences 10 Mississippi State University 11 Mississippi State MS 39762 12 13 Michael M. Bell 14 Department of Atmospheric Science 15 Colorado State University 16 Fort Collins CO 80523 17 1 18 Eric S. Blake 19 National Hurricane Center 1 Early Online Release: This preliminary version has been accepted for publication in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, may be fully cited, and has been assigned DOI 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0312.1. The final typeset copyedited article will replace the EOR at the above DOI when it is published. © 2021 American Meteorological Society Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/26/21 05:03 AM UTC 20 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 21 Miami FL 33165 22 23 Steven G. Bowen 24 Aon 25 Chicago IL 60601 26 27 Louis-Philippe Caron 28 Ouranos 29 Montreal Canada H3A 1B9 30 31 Barcelona Supercomputing Center 32 Barcelona Spain 08034 33 34 Jennifer M. Collins 35 School of Geosciences 36 University of South Florida 37 Tampa FL 33620 38 2 Unauthenticated | Downloaded 09/26/21 05:03 AM UTC Accepted for publication in Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. DOI 10.1175/BAMS-D-20-0312.1. 39 Ethan J. Gibney 40 UCAR/Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science 41 San Diego, CA 92127 42 43 Carl J. Schreck III 44 North Carolina Institute for Climate Studies, Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System 45 Studies (CISESS) 46 North Carolina State University 47 Asheville NC 28801 48 49 Ryan E. -
Summit Moved Closer to Cuban Positions LADB Staff
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiCen Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 12-13-2001 Summit Moved Closer to Cuban Positions LADB Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen Recommended Citation LADB Staff. "Summit Moved Closer to Cuban Positions." (2001). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/noticen/8913 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiCen by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 53244 ISSN: 1089-1560 Summit Moved Closer to Cuban Positions by LADB Staff Category/Department: Cuba Published: 2001-12-13 Havana is confident that, at the XI Ibero-American Summit in Lima, Peru, Nov. 23-24, delegates from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain, and Portugal moved closer to Cuban views on terrorism and the globalized economy. Adopting wording almost identical to the Cuban proposal on terrorism they rejected at the previous summit, the delegates then focused on poverty and economic development. Cuban President Fidel Castro did not attend the summit because of the crisis in Cuba caused by Hurricane Michelle (see NotiCen, 2001-11-29). Vice President Carlos Lage represented Cuba. The tenth summit, which took place last year in Panama, split apart over the terrorism issue. A heated exchange occurred after Castro accused Salvadoran President Francisco Flores of harboring known terrorist Luis Posada Carriles, who was living in El Salvador and traveling on a Salvadoran passport. In Castro's view, states that did not arrest known terrorists like Posada Carriles contributed to the history of terrorist attacks on Cuba carried out by Cuban exiles living in the US. -
Regional Overview: Impact of Hurricanes Irma and Maria
REGIONAL OVERVIEW: IMPACT OF MISSION TO HURRICANES IRMA AND MARIA CONFERENCE SUPPORTING DOCUMENT 1 The report was prepared with support of ACAPS, OCHA and UNDP 2 CONTENTS SITUATION OVERVIEW ......................................................................................................................... 4 KEY FINDINGS ............................................................................................................................................ 5 Overall scope and scale of the impact ....................................................................................... 5 Worst affected sectors ...................................................................................................................... 5 Worst affected islands ....................................................................................................................... 6 Key priorities ......................................................................................................................................... 6 Challenges for Recovery ................................................................................................................. 7 Information Gaps ................................................................................................................................. 7 RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RECOVERY ................................................................................ 10 Infrastructure ...................................................................................................................................... -
NOAA — Costliest U.S. Tropical Cyclones Tables Updated
NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER 11691 SW 17th Street Miami, FL 33165 www.hurricanes.gov Facebook Twitter Costliest U.S. tropical cyclones tables updated NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI) in consultation with the National Hurricane Center (NHC) has updated the listing of costliest tropical cyclones to strike the United States mainland. This listing was previously found in the NOAA memorandum The Deadliest, Costliest and Most Intense U.S. Tropical Cyclones, linked at https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/nws-nhc-6.pdf These new tables listed below replace Tables 3a and 3b in the above document. The first table (3a), not adjusted for inflation, lists 36 tropical cyclones from 1900 to 2017 that caused at least 1 billion dollars in damage on the U.S. mainland, and another five striking U.S. territories or Hawaii. The second table (3b) accounts for inflation to 2017 dollars. For all United States hurricanes, Katrina (2005) is the costliest storm on record. Hurricane Harvey (2017) ranks second, Hurricane Maria (2017) ranks third, Hurricane Sandy (2012) ranks fourth and Hurricane Irma (2017) ranks fifth. Hurricane Maria is the costliest hurricane on record to strike Puerto Rico and the U.S Virgin Islands. The NCEI data set provides more loss information than previous damage figures used by NHC, including agriculture, individual payouts, and disaster money from the federal government to the respective states. In performing these disaster cost assessments, NCEI examined statistics from a wide variety of sources. Using the latest scientific methodology, it determined the estimated total costs of these events - that is, the costs in terms of dollars that would not have been incurred had the event not taken place.