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palaver e /p ‘læv r/e n. A talk, a discussion, a dialogue; (spec. in early use) a conference between African tribes-people and traders or travellers. v. To praise over-highly, flatter; to ca- jole. To persuade (a person) to do some- thing; to talk (a person) out of or into something; to win (a person) over with palaver. To hold a colloquy or conference; to parley or converse with. Masthead | Table of Contents | Fall 2013 Fall 2013 Founding Editors We the People of Walmart 4 Finance Students Performance in the United Sarah E. Bode Lauren B. Evans States and Spain: Contrasts and Similarities Ashley Hudson 51 Coney Island Dreaming 7 Charles Wolfe Melanie Whithaus Executive Editor Chief Copy Editor A Systematic Evaluation of Empathy in Dr. Patricia Turrisi Jamie Joyner Been to Hell and Now I’m Back Again: Contemporary Society 58 The Songwriting of Steve Earle 11 Gregory Hankinson Contributing Editors Copy Editors Brian Caskey Michelle Bliss Lauren B. Evans What Would Aristotle Say About Bill Caporales 16 Clinton? Or Why We Excuse Moral Dr. Theodore Burgh Katja Huru Doctorcitos 17 Weakness 64 Dr. Carole Fink Megan Slater Bolivia 18 Rob Wells Ashley Hudson Charlene Eckels Courtney Johnson Staff Readers Exiled from Truth: An Interview with Dr. Marlon Moore Amanda Coffman Gwendolen Harleth: The Extraordinary Dmitry Borshch 68 Dr. Diana Pasulka Michael Combs Heroine of George Eliot’s Daniel Deronda 20 Sarah E. Bode Kathryn Bateman Dr. Alex Porco Lauren B. Evans Alignment and Argument: Karen Head Dr. Michelle Scatton-Tessier Shanon Gentry Active Heroines: When a Heroine is Both Responds to Poems by Dickey and Chappell Amy Schlag Katja Huru Real and Symbolic 27 74 Erin Sroka Jamie Joyner Rachel Jo Smyer Brian Caskey Dr. Patricia Turrisi Rachel Smyer Performing Futurist Fashion: The Celluloid One Complicated Ape 81 Dress Loss and Pleasure Assistant Editor Layout Editor 32 81 Paula John Thoughts about Thoughts Out of Place 82 Lauren B. Evans Sarah E. Bode Mikkel Lysne The Evolution of Apple’s Siri: From Female Cover Art: “July 22” (front) and “Bella” (back) by Locke Bircher to Multiple Gendered Voices 35 “Tell me the story in your heart.”—Southern Elena M. Fleggas Storytelling and Nostalgia in Maurice Inside Sectional Art: “Never Enter An Abandoned Mine Shaft” by Dr. Patricia Turrisi Manning’s The Common Man 84 The Comfort of the Rich Depends Upon an Katja Huru Thanks: UNC Wilmington’s Graduate Liberal Studies Program for letting us call the program home— Abundant Supply of the Poor* with the weather turning chilly, it’s been nice to be close to your hearth. Dr. Patricia Turrisi for always [Without Facebook] 40 Horoscopes 90 being willing to palaver and often through that palaver make “ish” happen (all while being #adorbs). Joel Finsel Sarah E. Bode Our Staff Readers—thank you for spending quality time with our submissions...and with us (#sap- Lauren B. Evans pysap). Jamie Joyner for being Palaver’s go-to #MLAboss, along with our other Copy Editors. Lauren B. Evans for stepping up and making this Assistant Editor position #awesomesauce (#ihadnodoubts). July 31 44 Katja Huru Ashley Hudson for always being patient and reverent of the Palaver-process, which includes frantic Bella 46 e-mails, pop-ins, and drive-bys. And UNC Wilmington for creating a campus that encourages its stu- 010000010111001001110100 48 dents to explore and experiment and engage, and for fostering our love for academic enlightenment. July 22 50 Locke Bircher A publication of UNC Wilmington’s Graduate Liberal Studies Program. Copyright © 2013 Palaver Note From the Editor | Sarah E. Bode n case you’ve been living in a cave and haven’t yet realized that the shadows you watch dancing on The Wall in front of you are not reality, but just mangled perceptions your close Iquarters have forced on you—get off Facebook and jump into Palaver’s third issue, Fall 2013. (Then go back to Facebook and post it all over The Wall.) This issue has been a real journey through all sorts of interdisciplinary quandaries. We reformatted our process here on the backend and added Lauren B. Evans as our Assistant Editor. (Who—I must gush—is a delightful addition to Team Palaver (not to be confused with Team Jacob or Team Edward)!) We also had to trudge through some technical challenges to bring you an even better and more interdisciplinary Palaver than you ever thought possible. (Just wait for page 34.) Issue 3 begins with Lauren B. Evans’ exploratory creative non-fiction report on Walmart. Melanie Whithaus entertains us with her short story “Coney Island Dreaming.” We then slip into song (but not dance) with Brian Caskey’s piece about the full-circle songs of Steve Ear- le—a true interdisciplinary artist who has been to hell and back again. Artist Charlene Eckels takes us (on a much needed vacation) to Bolivia where, in her four unique pieces, she dances us through its rich culture. We follow a thread of gender showcasing extraordinary heroines in George Eliot’s Daniel Deronda and various classic fairy tales. Then artist, seamstress, and filmmaker Paula John gives us a peek into some commentary on futurist fashion. With that futurism comes some technology—Elena M. Fleggas muses on “The Evolution of Apple’s Siri: From Female to Multiple Gendered Voices” and Joel Finsel explores the power of Facebook alongside current events. Then our featured cover artist Locke Bircher amuses us with his wondrous zeros and ones. Charles Wolfe showcases his research with finance students and their performance in the United States versus Spain. Philosopher Gregory Hankinson em- phatically takes us on “A Systematic Evaluation of Empathy in Contemporary Society.” Then repeat Palaver offender Rob Wells dredges up the Bill Clinton scandal (why they didn’t call it Clintongate puts me at a loss) and sics Aristotle on him. Then we have an illuminating inter- view with Brooklyn artist Dmirty Borshch, who talks about Soviet influences on his works. Finally, Caskey brings us to a thread of poetry, beginning with his “Alignment and Argument: Karen Head Responds to Poems by Dickey and Chappell” essay, followed by original poems and a reflection by Mikkel Lysne, and Katja Huru’s nostalgic essay about Maurice Manning’s The Common Man. I hope you enjoy every nook and cranny of the sky (that is the third issue of Palaver) out- side your cave and The Wall you call home, and I hope it inspires a palaver between you and the pieces found here. sation body lotion. They don’t have it. They have Nivea Original Moisture and Nivea Extend- We the People of Walmart | ed Moisture. They look similar to the extremely empty bottle on my bathroom counter, but Lauren B. Evans they aren’t the same. I scour the shelves hoping to find a misplaced bottle of my lotion. A man enters my personal space trying to find his body soap on the other side of the aisle. He doesn’t apologize. I’m frantically debating all the other brands and prices and feel unequipped to make this decision. I should just go back home. Then I’ll have to come back. I grab the look- alike Original Moisture lotion and read the label. It will do, right? “Personal and moral integrity is one of our basic funda- I walk back down the aisle and wait as an older couple passes as slowly as humanly pos- mentals, and it has to start with each of us.” sible. I hope the man is hard of hearing because the woman is speaking very loudly and into —Sam Walton, Founder of Walmart his ear about the Colgate she just put in the buggy. I try to go around the display in the center of the aisle, so I can pass them on the other side. But I notice the display. This is a good price “High expectations are the key to everything.”—Sam Walton, Founder of Walmart for Allegra. Two bottles in hand, I head towards the express checkout. On the way, I see dog treats on People deserve to shop in their pajamas.—Sam Walton, Founder of Walmart, perhaps sale and grab a bag. I get in line behind a mother and her two children buying two pairs of identical pink sneakers. The little girl eyes my dog treats. am Walton opened the first Walmart in Bentonville, Arkansas in 1962. Walton wanted “What are those?” to charge his customers the lowest prices possible. Over the next fifty years, Walmart “These? They’re dog treats.” expanded to more than 10,000 stores in twenty-seven countries. Additionally, Walmart’s “Oh. Can I have one?” S 1 website, Walmart.com, serves customers in ten countries. “Uh, they’re for dogs.” Ideal, right? Billions of people have access to this retail store that was founded specifically “Oh.” to save customers money. Walmart’s Supercenter stores have everything. You can stock your A woman with two boxes of hair color joins our line. kitchen, your closet, your medicine cabinet, your desk, and every other nook and cranny of “Well I couldn’t go to the bar with my your life with merchandise found in Walmart. So why would you shop anywhere else? Why Stepping into the world of roots looking like that,” she says into her flip- pay higher prices? Why go to multiple stores when you can just go to one? Walmart should be phone. “So I had this box of brown color so I the logical first choice for consumers. Walmart is a stark reminder just dyed it real quick, but then it turned green.