DOCSLIB.ORG

Redalyc.Structure and Ontogeny of the Pericarp of Six Eupatorieae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Redalyc.Structure and Ontogeny of the Pericarp of Six Eupatorieae Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ISSN: 0001-3765 [email protected] Academia Brasileira de Ciências Brasil Marzinek, Juliana; Oliveira, Denise M.T. Structure and ontogeny of the pericarp of six Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) with ecological and taxonomic considerations Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, vol. 82, núm. 2, junio, 2010, pp. 279-291 Academia Brasileira de Ciências Rio de Janeiro, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=32713482004 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative “main” — 2010/4/27 — 17:28 — page 279 — #1 Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências (2010) 82(2): 279-291 (Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences) ISSN 0001-3765 www.scielo.br/aabc Structure and ontogeny of the pericarp of six Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) with ecological and taxonomic considerations JULIANA MARZINEK1 and DENISE M.T. OLIVEIRA2 1Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia Rua Ceará, s/n, Bloco 2D, sala 28, Umuarama, 38405-315, Uberlândia, MG, Brasil 2Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil Manuscript received on October 20, 2008; accepted for publication on June 4, 2009 ABSTRACT The ontogeny of cypselae and their accessory parts were examined using light and scanning electron microscopy for the species Campuloclinium macrocephalum, Chromolaena stachyophylla, Mikania micrantha, Praxelis pauciflora, Symphyopappus reticulatus, and Vittetia orbiculata, some of these being segregated from the genus Eupatorium.A layer of phytomelanin observed in the fruit appears to be secreted by the outer mesocarp into the schizogenous spaces between the outer and inner mesocarp; its thickness was observed to vary among the different species examined. The bristles of the pappus are vascularized, except in M. micrantha, and have cells that are superficially projected and arranged acropetally; in S. reticulatus some of the projections are retrorse and a fracture line on the floral disk that is only seen in this species may indicate a double dispersal process. Numerous differences observed among the cypselae examined here reinforce earlier segregations of the genus Eupatorium sensu lato. Key words: : anatomy, Asteraceae, carpopodium, fruit, pappus, phytomelanin. INTRODUCTION bination of all of the characters cited above (Leszek et al. 1997), have been used to delimit tribes, genera, and The tribe Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) comprises 190 gen- even species of this family. era and 2,000 species (Anderberg et al. 2007) that are In spite of the global occurrence of the family, the encountered primarily in Mexico and Central and South fruits of the Asteraceae have not been intensively stud- America, with some representatives from North Amer- ied, as can be confirmed by the discordance seen in the ica, but with few species in the Old World (King and names attributed to its fruits. Marzinek et al. (2008) Robinson 1987). Eupatorium is a very complex genus took into consideration many anatomical and histori- and has experienced numerous segregations, as com- cal aspects of Asteraceae fruits, especially their com- piled by King and Robinson (1987). plex origin, and reaffirmed their true nature as cypselae. Wagenitz (1976) suggested that anatomical stud- One character that stands out in descriptions of the ies of the fruits of the Asteraceae might aid in eluci- cypselae of the Heliantheae s.l. (which includes Eupato- dating its systematics. Characteristics of the indumen- rieae) is their dark appearance (Anderberg et al. 2007). tum (Ritter and Miotto 2006), pappus (Bean 2001), car- This aspect can be attributed to the deposition of a rigid popodium (Haque and Godward 1984), and the anatomy layer of phytomelanin, an organic material that fills the of the pericarp itself (Bruhl and Quinn 1990), or a com- schizogenous space of the pericarp during the devel- Correspondence to: Denise Maria Trombert Oliveira opment of the cypsela after fertilization (Pandey and E-mail: [email protected] An Acad Bras Cienc (2010) 82 (2) “main” — 2010/4/27 — 17:28 — page 280 — #2 280 JULIANA MARZINEK and DENISE M.T. OLIVEIRA Dhakal 2001). Sometimes this phytomelanin layer is gitudinal sections 6 to 10μm thick were prepared us- referred to as a “carbon layer” or black pigment layer ing a rotary microtome, stained with 0.05% toluidine (see Roth 1977). Panero (2007) indicates the occurrence blue at pH 4.7 (O’Brien et al. 1964), and subsequently of phytomelanin as a synapomorphy of the Asteraceae. mounted in synthetic resin. The permanent slides were The Phytomelanin Cypsela Clade (PCC) is composed of observed under an Olympus BX41 optical microscope more than 5,000 species that produce this substance. and the images captured digitally. Ontogenetic studies of the reproductive organs of The following histochemical tests were performed: Eupatorieae are generally scarce, and are almost exclu- ruthenium red to indicate the presence of polysaccha- sively limited to the publications of Pandey and Singh rides and pectins (Jensen 1962); phloroglucinol with (1983, 1994). In spite of the importance of the Eupato- hydrochloric acid to stain lignified cell walls (Sass rieae within the Asteraceae, no single study has focused 1951); Sudan IV to stain lipidic substances; Lugol so- simultaneously on the ontogeny, indumentum, pappus, lution for starch; ferric chloride with sodium carbon- and carpopodium of the species within this taxon. ate to indicate the presence of phenolic compounds (Jo- The present work analyzed the development of the hansen 1940); Dragendorff reagent to detect alkaloids pericarp and the accessory parts of the cypselae of six (Yoder and Mahlberg 1976); and bromophenol blue for species of Eupatorieae from Brazil (some of them segre- proteins (Mazia et al. 1953). gated from Eupatorium s.l.), emphasizing the most rel- The results are described in ontogenetic terms. Con- evant structures to taxonomic and ecological questions sidering the inferior origin of the ovary, the lato sensu related to this tribe. definition of the pericarp was adopted, in which theex- ocarp is produced by the outer epidermis of the infe- MATERIALS AND METHODS rior ovary, the endocarp by the inner epidermis, and the Specimens of Campuloclinium macrocephalum (Less.) mesocarp by the ground region where the vascular tis- DC., Chromolaena stachyophylla (Spreng.) R. King and sues are inserted. H. Robinson, Mikania micrantha H.B.K., Praxelis pau- Trichomes distribution was analyzed using both ciflora (H.B.K.) R. King and H. Robinson, Symphyopap- scanning electron and optical microscopy. Ten cypse- pus reticulatus Baker, and Vittetia orbiculata (DC.) R. lae (n=10) of each species mounted in glycerin were King and H. Robinson were collected in cerrado veg- also observed. The terms scarce (when trichomes were etation fragments in the municipality of Botucatu, São present on up to 10% of the cypsela surface), frequent > Paulo State, Brazil. Reference plant material was pre- (between 11% and 50%), and abundant ( 50%) were pared and deposited in the BOTU Herbarium (Holmgren used. et al. 1990) as collections 25,552 to 25,557. The terminology used to designate the outward pro- Micromorphological analyses of the surfaces of jected portions of the pappus fibers was adapted from the cypselae were performed with material fixed in glu- Hickey (1979), considering the angle of divergence be- taraldehyde (2.5% in 0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.3, tween the distal portion of the projected cells and the maintained at 4◦C). Samples were processed and, then, apex of the bristles. These angles were classified as nar- > mounted on aluminum stubbs, gold coated, and subse- row ( 45◦) or moderate (between 45◦ and 65◦) acute. quently examined using a scanning electron microscopy The nomenclature proposed by Barthlott et al. (1998) (Quanta 200, FEI Company) to generate digital images. was used to describe the bristle surfaces. Anatomical studies were performed on ovaries and cypselae in different phases of development that had RESULTS been fixed in FAA 50 for 48 hours (Johansen 1940) and, The ovaries of the floral buds of the species examined then, conserved in 70% ethanol (Jensen 1962). The fixed were all inferior (Fig. 1), bicarpelar, and unilocular material was dehydrated in an ethanol series and em- (Fig. 2), oblong shaped, and had variable numbers of bedded in methacrylate (LeicaTM) following the manu- longitudinal ridges that were visible during the develop- facturer’s recommendations. Both transversal and lon- ment of the pericarp. An Acad Bras Cienc (2010) 82 (2) “main” — 2010/4/27 — 17:28 — page 281 — #3 PERICARP OF EUPATORIEAE (ASTERACEAE) 281 Fig. 1 – Ovary of the floral bud. Figs. 1, 5, 7, 9 – Longitudinal sections. Figs. 2-4, 6, 8, 10 – Transversal sections. Fig.1– Campuloclinium macrocephalum; note lignified basal epidermal cells (arrow). Fig. 2– Mikania micrantha. Figs. 3-4 – Detail of the ovarian walls of Campuloclinium macrocephalum and Symphyopappus reticulates, respectively. Fig. 5 – Campuloclinium macrocephalum; note fusiform nuclei of the inner mesophyll cells (arrowhead). Fig. 6 – Detail of the ovarian wall of Mikania micrantha showing the transmission tissue (*). Fig. 7 – Detail of the floral disk of Praxelis pauciflora;
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Eupatorieae: Asteraceae), Tratamento Taxonômico E Sinopse De Symphyopappus , E Anatomia Floral Do Clado Grazielia/Symphyopappus
    ERIC KOITI OKIYAMA HATTORI FILOGENIA MOLECULAR DA SUBTRIBO DISYNAPHIINAE (EUPATORIEAE: ASTERACEAE), TRATAMENTO TAXONÔMICO E SINOPSE DE SYMPHYOPAPPUS , E ANATOMIA FLORAL DO CLADO GRAZIELIA/SYMPHYOPAPPUS Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal do Departamento de Botânica do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Biologia Vegetal. Área de Concentração: Taxonomia Vegetal BELO HORIZONTE – MG 2013 ii ERIC KOITI OKIYAMA HATTORI FILOGENIA MOLECULAR DA SUBTRIBO DISYNAPHIINAE (EUPATORIEAE: ASTERACEAE), TRATAMENTO TAXONÔMICO E SINOPSE DE SYMPHYOPAPPUS, E ANATOMIA FLORAL DO CLADO GRAZIELIA/SYMPHYOPAPPUS Tese apresentada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Vegetal do Departamento de Botânica do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, como requisito parcial à obtenção do título de Doutor em Biologia Vegetal. Área de Concentração: Taxonomia Vegetal Orientador: Prof. Dr. João Aguiar Nogueira Batista Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Coorientador: Profa. Dra. Denise Maria Trombert de Oliveira Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Prof. Dr Jimi Naoki Nakajima Universidade Federal de Uberlândia BELO HORIZONTE – MG 2013 !"#$ %&''()*+$,)*-$.(*'*$/0*1&2&3$ $ $$$$$$4*5(678*&$2(57-95&)$:&$;9<')*<($:*;18&=>**8&7$?3$@3$.*86$A$%3$?(<3$ $ B,9=&'()*7&7C$D;'7)&-7&7E+$&8&'(2*&$F5()&5$:($-5&:($G)&H*75*&IJ12=>1(=&==9;$ 7$)7K*;L($'&M(8N2*-&$:7$J12=>1(=&==9;$O9)-H3$P2&89;-)*'(Q$I$,)*-$.(*'*$ /0*1&2&$%&''()*3$R$S!T#3$
    [Show full text]
  • A Família Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Preslem Afloramentos Rochosos Da
    Renalle Ruana Pessoa Ramos A FAMÍLIA ASTERACEAE BERCHT. & J. PRESL EM AFLORAMENTOS ROCHOSOS DA CAATINGA PARAIBANA: MORFOLOGIA, RIQUEZA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO Campina Grande – PB Fevereiro de 2011 Renalle Ruana Pessoa Ramos A FAMÍLIA ASTERACEAE BERCHT. & J. PRESL EM AFLORAMENTOS ROCHOSOS DA CAATINGA PARAIBANA: MORFOLOGIA, RIQUEZA E DISTRIBUIÇÃO Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso desenvolvido na área de Sistemática e Taxonomia de Fanerógamas apresentado à Universidade Estadual da Paraíba como exigência para a obtenção do grau de Bacharel em Ciências Biológicas. Orientador: José Iranildo Miranda de Melo Campina Grande – PB Fevereiro de 2011 F ICHA CATALOGRÁFICA ELABORADA PELA BIBLIOTECA CENTRAL – UEPB R175f Ramos, Renalle Ruana Pessoa. A Família Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl em afloramentos rochosos da caatinga paraibana [manuscrito]: riqueza, morfologia e distribuição. / Renalle Ruana Pessoa Ramos. – 2011. 141 f.: il. color. Digitado. Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (Graduação em Ciências Biológicas) – Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, 2011. “Orientação: Prof. Dr. José Iranildo Miranda de Melo, Departamento de Biologia”. 1. Biologia Vegetal. 2. Flora Paraibana. 3. Botânica. 4. Morfologia floral. I. Título. 21. ed. 581.7 Renalle Ruana Pessoa Ramos A Família Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl em Afloramentos Rochosos da Caatinga Paraibana: Morfologia, Riqueza e Distribuição Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso desenvolvido na área de Sistemática e Taxonomia de Fanerógamas apresentado à Universidade Estadual da Paraíba como
    [Show full text]
  • Universidade Comunitária Regional De Chapecó
    UNIVERSIDADE COMUNITÁRIA REGIONAL DE CHAPECÓ Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais Sandra Mara Sabedot INVENTÁRIO DE TEFRITÍDEOS ENDÓFAGOS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) ASSOCIADOS A CAPÍTULOS DE ASTERÁCEAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CHAPECÓ – SANTA CATARINA Chapecó – SC, 2007 Livros Grátis http://www.livrosgratis.com.br Milhares de livros grátis para download. UNIVERSIDADE COMUNITÁRIA REGIONAL DE CHAPECÓ Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais INVENTÁRIO DE TEFRITÍDEOS ENDÓFAGOS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) ASSOCIADOS A CAPÍTULOS DE ASTERÁCEAS NO MUNICÍPIO DE CHAPECÓ – SANTA CATARINA Sandra Mara Sabedot Dissertação apresentada ao Programa de Pós- Graduação da Universidade Comunitária Regional de Chapecó, como parte dos pré- requisitos para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Ambientais. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia Chapecó – SC, outubro, 2007 ii 595.774 Sabedot, Sandra Mara S115i Inventário de tefritídeos endófagos (Díptera: Tephritidae) associados à capítulos de asteráceas no município de Chapecó, Santa Catarina / Sandra Mara Sabedot. – Chapecó, 2007. 82 p. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Comunitária Regional de Chapecó, 2007. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Flávio Roberto Mello Garcia Insetos. 2. Tephritidae - Controle. 3. Asteraceae. 4. Plantas hospedeiras. I. Garcia, Flávio Roberto Mello. II. Título CDD 595.774 Catalogação elaborada por Daniele Lopes CRB 14/989 iii UNIVERSIDADE COMUNITÁRIA REGIONAL DE CHAPECÓ Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais INVENTÁRIO DE TEFRITÍDEOS ENDÓFAGOS (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE)
    [Show full text]
  • Plantae, Magnoliophyta, Asterales, Asteraceae, Senecioneae, Pentacalia Desiderabilis and Senecio Macrotis: Distribution Extensions and First Records for Bahia, Brazil
    Check List 4(1): 62–64, 2008. ISSN: 1809-127X NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Plantae, Magnoliophyta, Asterales, Asteraceae, Senecioneae, Pentacalia desiderabilis and Senecio macrotis: Distribution extensions and first records for Bahia, Brazil. Aristônio M. Teles João R. Stehmann Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica. Caixa Postal 486, CEP 31270-091, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected] Senecioneae is the biggest Tribe of the Asteraceae state of Minas Gerais (Cabrera 1957; Hind (Nordestam 1996), comprising 150 genera (more 1993a). Senecio macrotis is a robust herb or than 9 % of all genera) and 3,500 species (about shrub, with lyrate-pinnatisect leaves, discoid 15 % of all species of the Family) (Nordenstam heads, and paniculate capitulescences (Cabrera 2007). The circumscription of many Senecioneae 1957). It is found typically in the Campos genera has changed, especially Senecio L., with Rupestres of the Espinhaço range, growing in about 1,250 species (Bremer 1994; Frodin 2004; altitudes ranging from 900 to 1,000 m (Vitta 2002). Nordenstam 2007). To Brazilian Senecioneae, Hind (1993a) estimated the occurrence of 97 The genus Pentacalia Cass., formerly included in species belonging to eight genera, and the more the synonymy of Senecio (lato sensu) (Barkley useful works to identify them are Cabrera (1950, 1985) and resurrected by Robinson and 1957), Cabrera and Klein (1975), Robinson Cuatrecasas (1978), comprises about 205 species (1980), Hind (1993a; 1993b; 1994; 1999), and distributed along Tropical America (Jeffrey 1992). Teles et al. (2006). Hind (1993a) cited the occurrence of two Brazilian species, P. desiderabilis (Vell.) Cuatrec. Senecio (stricto sensu) is characterized by annual and P.
    [Show full text]
  • Die Plantfamilie ASTERACEAE: 6
    ISSN 0254-3486 = SA Tydskrif vir Natuurwetenskap en Tegnologie 23, no. 1 & 2 2004 35 Algemene artikel Die plantfamilie ASTERACEAE: 6. Die subfamilie Asteroideae P.P.J. Herman Nasionale Botaniese Instituut, Privaat sak X101, Pretoria, 0001 e-pos: [email protected] UITTREKSEL Die tribusse van die subfamilie Asteroideae word meer volledig in hierdie artikel beskryf. Die genusse wat aan dié tribusse behoort word gelys en hulle verspreiding aangedui. ABSTRACT The plant family Asteraceae: 6. The subfamily Asteroideae. The tribes of the subfamily Asteroideae are described in this article. Genera belonging to the different tribes are listed and their distribution given. INLEIDING Tribus ANTHEMIDEAE Cass. Hierdie artikel is die laaste in die reeks oor die plantfamilie Verteenwoordigers van hierdie tribus is gewoonlik aromaties, Asteraceae.1-5 In die vorige artikel is die klassifikasie bokant byvoorbeeld Artemisia afra (wilde-als), Eriocephalus-soorte, familievlak asook die indeling van die familie Asteraceae in sub- Pentzia-soorte.4 Die feit dat hulle aromaties is, beteken dat hulle families en tribusse bespreek.5 Hierdie artikel handel oor die baie chemiese stowwe bevat. Hierdie stowwe word dikwels subfamilie Asteroideae van die familie Asteraceae, met ’n aangewend vir medisyne (Artemisia) of insekgif (Tanacetum).4 bespreking van die tribusse en die genusse wat aan die verskillende Verder is hulle blaartjies gewoonlik fyn verdeeld en selfs by dié tribusse behoort. Die ‘edelweiss’ wat in die musiekblyspel The met onverdeelde blaartjies, is die blaartjies klein en naaldvormig sound of music besing word, behoort aan die tribus Gnaphalieae (Erica-agtig). Die pappus bestaan gewoonlik uit vry of vergroeide van die subfamilie Asteroideae.
    [Show full text]
  • Hybridization in Compositae
    Hybridization in Compositae Dr. Edward Schilling University of Tennessee Tennessee – not Texas, but we still grow them big! [email protected] Ayres Hall – University of Tennessee campus in Knoxville, Tennessee University of Tennessee Leucanthemum vulgare – Inspiration for school colors (“Big Orange”) Compositae – Hybrids Abound! Changing view of hybridization: once consider rare, now known to be common in some groups Hotspots (Ellstrand et al. 1996. Proc Natl Acad Sci, USA 93: 5090-5093) Comparison of 5 floras (British Isles, Scandanavia, Great Plains, Intermountain, Hawaii): Asteraceae only family in top 6 in all 5 Helianthus x multiflorus Overview of Presentation – Selected Aspects of Hybridization 1. More rather than less – an example from the flower garden 2. Allopolyploidy – a changing view 3. Temporal diversity – Eupatorium (thoroughworts) 4. Hybrid speciation/lineages – Liatrinae (blazing stars) 5. Complications for phylogeny estimation – Helianthinae (sunflowers) Hybrid: offspring between two genetically different organisms Evolutionary Biology: usually used to designated offspring between different species “Interspecific Hybrid” “Species” – problematic term, so some authors include a description of their species concept in their definition of “hybrid”: Recognition of Hybrids: 1. Morphological “intermediacy” Actually – mixture of discrete parental traits + intermediacy for quantitative ones In practice: often a hybrid will also exhibit traits not present in either parent, transgressive Recognition of Hybrids: 1. Morphological “intermediacy” Actually – mixture of discrete parental traits + intermediacy for quantitative ones In practice: often a hybrid will also exhibit traits not present in either parent, transgressive 2. Genetic “additivity” Presence of genes from each parent Recognition of Hybrids: 1. Morphological “intermediacy” Actually – mixture of discrete parental traits + intermediacy for quantitative ones In practice: often a hybrid will also exhibit traits not present in either parent, transgressive 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Threats to Australia's Grazing Industries by Garden
    final report Project Code: NBP.357 Prepared by: Jenny Barker, Rod Randall,Tony Grice Co-operative Research Centre for Australian Weed Management Date published: May 2006 ISBN: 1 74036 781 2 PUBLISHED BY Meat and Livestock Australia Limited Locked Bag 991 NORTH SYDNEY NSW 2059 Weeds of the future? Threats to Australia’s grazing industries by garden plants Meat & Livestock Australia acknowledges the matching funds provided by the Australian Government to support the research and development detailed in this publication. This publication is published by Meat & Livestock Australia Limited ABN 39 081 678 364 (MLA). Care is taken to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this publication. However MLA cannot accept responsibility for the accuracy or completeness of the information or opinions contained in the publication. You should make your own enquiries before making decisions concerning your interests. Reproduction in whole or in part of this publication is prohibited without prior written consent of MLA. Weeds of the future? Threats to Australia’s grazing industries by garden plants Abstract This report identifies 281 introduced garden plants and 800 lower priority species that present a significant risk to Australia’s grazing industries should they naturalise. Of the 281 species: • Nearly all have been recorded overseas as agricultural or environmental weeds (or both); • More than one tenth (11%) have been recorded as noxious weeds overseas; • At least one third (33%) are toxic and may harm or even kill livestock; • Almost all have been commercially available in Australia in the last 20 years; • Over two thirds (70%) were still available from Australian nurseries in 2004; • Over two thirds (72%) are not currently recognised as weeds under either State or Commonwealth legislation.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Extracts for Molluscicidal Activity • Nelymar M Mendes Et Al
    Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 94(3): 411-412, May/Jun. 1999 411 Thus, the development of efficient, cheap and en- RESEACH NOTE vironmentally safe molluscicides would result in an important complementary tool to minimize the impact of schistosomiasis. This demand has stimu- Screening of Asteraceae lated the involvement of many groups worldwide (Compositae) Plant Extracts in the search of new compounds from plants that can be used as molluscicide. for Molluscicidal Activity In this paper we present the screening of 66 species belonging to Asteraceae (Compositae) fam- Nelymar M Mendes, Rogério O ily against B. glabrata adult snails aiming at find- Queiroz, Telma SM Grandi*, Antônio ing molluscicidal plant extracts. The aerial parts MG dos Anjos*, Alaíde B de of the plants were collected in the vicinities of Belo Oliveira**, Carlos L Zani/+ Horizonte, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from March 1989 to September 1991. The following Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais, Centro species were identified and their exsiccates depos- de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, Caixa Postal ited at the Federal University of Minas Gerais Her- 1743, 30190.002 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil barium: Acanthospermum australe* (Loef.) Kunt, *Departamento de Botânica, ICB, UFMG, Belo Achyrocline satureioides*(Lam.) D.C., Actinoseris Horizonte, MG, Brasil **Faculdade de Farmácia, angustifolia (Gardn.) Cabr., Ageratum conyzoides* UFMG, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil L, Alomia myriadenia Baker, Aspilia foliosa (Garder) Benth & Hook, Baccharis dracun- Key words: schistosomiasis - plant molluscicides - culifolia* D.C., Baccharis helichrysoides D.C., medicinal plants - Biomphalaria glabrata - Baccharis platypoda D.C., Baccharis serrulata Schistosoma mansoni (Lam.) Pers., Baccharis trimera* (L.) D.C., Baccharis trinervis (Lam.) Pers, Bidens pilosa* L., Bidens rubifolius H.B.K., Blainvillea biaristata Schistosomiasis is an endemic disease caused D.C., Cetratherum punctatum Cass., Chaptalia by helminths belonging to the genus Schistosoma.
    [Show full text]
  • Brazilian Pa´Ramos IV. Phytogeography of the Campos De
    Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2007) 34, 1701–1722 ORIGINAL Brazilian Pa´ ramos IV. Phytogeography of ARTICLE the campos de altitude Hugh DeForest Safford* Department of Environmental Science and ABSTRACT Policy, University of California, Davis, CA Aim This contribution treats the phytogeography of the contemporary campos 95616, USA de altitude flora, with a focus on patterns at the level of genus. Comparative analysis using data from 17 other sites in Latin America is used to describe phytogeographical patterns at the continental scale. Results are combined with those of previous publications to shed light on the biogeographical origins of contemporary floristic patterns in the high mountains of south-east Brazil. Location The campos de altitude are a series of cool-humid, mountaintop grass- and shrublands found above elevations of 1800–2000 m in south-east Brazil, within the biome of the Atlantic Forest. Methods Vascular floras are compiled for the three best-known campos de altitude sites, and for 17 other highland and lowland locations in Latin America. Floras are binned into phytogeographical groups based on centres of diversity/ origin. Floristic and geographical distances are calculated for all location-pairs; Mantel tests are used to test for relationships between patterns in geographical distance, and floristic and climatic similarity. Multivariate statistics are carried out on the similarity matrices for all genera, and for each phytogeographical group. Predominant life-forms, pollination and dispersal syndromes are determined for each genus in the campos de altitude flora, and proportional comparisons are made between phytogeographical groups. Supporting evidence from previously published literature is used to interpret analytical results.
    [Show full text]
  • Asteraceae Em Uma Mata De Galeria Na Área Urbana De Quirinópolis, Goiás
    Asteraceae em uma mata de galeria na área urbana de Quirinópolis, Goiás Aline Bezerra da Silva Santos (PG)¹*, Isa Lucia de Morais (PQ/BIP)², Talles Fillipe Barcelos Vieira (IC)³ ¹Mestranda no Programa Ambiente e Sociedade, Bolsista da UEG, Câmpus Morrinhos, Universidade Estadual de Goiás¹, ²Professora Docente da UEG, Campi Quirinópolis e Morrinhos, GO, e curadora do Herbário José Ângelo Rizzo (JAR) da UEG, Câmpus Quirinópolis, ³Acadêmico do Curso de Ciências Biológicas, Câmpus Quirinópolis, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Bolsista PIBID. e-mail: [email protected] Avenida Brasil, 435, Conjunto Hélio Leão, Quirinópolis, GO, CEP: 75.860-000. Resumo: A mata de galeria é uma fitofisionomia que destaca-se pela sua riqueza, diversidade genética e pelo seu papel na proteção dos recursos hídricos, edáficos, da fauna terrestre e aquática. Contribuindo para a biodiversidade destes ambientes estão as espécies de Asteraceae, considerada uma das maiores famílias botânicas. Neste contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar a composição florística de Asteraceae em uma mata de galeria na área urbana de Quirinópolis, GO. Foram utilizados 20 transectos perpendiculares ao curso d’água e distando entre si 40 m. As coletas ocorreram de novembro de 2016 a agosto de 2017. Foram registradas 13 espécies de Asteraceae: Ageratum conyzoides; Bidens pilosa; Centratherum punctatum; Conyza canadenses; Eclipta prostrata; Elephantopus mollis; Emilia fosbergii; Emilia sonchifolia; Erechtites hieracifolius, Orthopappus angustifolius; Taraxacum officinale; Tridax procumbens e Vernonanthura tweediana (Baker) H.Rob. As espécies apresentam ampla distribuição geográfica no Brasil, a maioria é considerada invasora e foram encontrados dois novos registros para o estado de Goiás, Tridax procumbens L. e Vernonanthura tweediana (Baker) H.Rob.
    [Show full text]
  • Cytotaxonomy of Two Species of Genus Chrysolaena H. Robinson, 1988 (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) from Northeast Paraguay
    COMPARATIVE A peer-reviewed open-access journal CompCytogen 8(2):Cytotaxonomy 125–137 (2014) of two species of genus Chrysolaena H. Robinson, 1988... 125 doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v8i2.7209 RESEARCH ARTICLE Cytogenetics www.pensoft.net/journals/compcytogen International Journal of Plant & Animal Cytogenetics, Karyosystematics, and Molecular Systematics Cytotaxonomy of two species of genus Chrysolaena H. Robinson, 1988 (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) from Northeast Paraguay Gisela M. Via Do Pico1, Massimiliano Dematteis1 1 Instituto de Botánica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131. Casilla de Correo 209, CP 3400 Corrientes, Argentina Corresponding author: Gisela M. Via Do Pico ([email protected]) Academic editor: J.R. Daviña | Received 6 February 2014 | Accepted 15 April 2014 | Published 19 May 2014 Citation: Via Do Pico GM, Dematteis M (2014) Cytotaxonomy of two species of genus Chrysolaena H. Robinson, 1988 (Vernonieae, Asteraceae) from Northeast Paraguay. Comparative Cytogenetics 8(2): 125–137. doi: 10.3897/ CompCytogen.v8i2.7209 Abstract Chromosome counts and karyotypes of two species of Chrysolaena H. Robinson 1988 are presented in this paper. Mitotic analysis revealed that both taxa have x=10, a basic chromosome number considered characteristic of the genus. The chromosome number and the karyotype of C. cristobaliana are reported for the first time, as well as a new cytotype and the karyotype ofC. sceptrum. Chrysolaena cristobaliana showed heptaploid cytotype with 2n=7x=70 and a karyotype composed of 46 m + 24 sm chromosomes. On the other hand, C. sceptrum presented tetraploid cytotype with 2n=4x=40 and a karyotype with 30 m + 10 sm chromosomes. Accessory chromosomes were observed in cells of both species.
    [Show full text]
  • Floristic Composition of the South-Central Florida Dry Prairie Landscape Steve L
    Floristic Composition of the South-Central Florida Dry Prairie Landscape Steve L. Orzell Avon Park Air Force Range, 29 South Blvd., Avon Park Air Force Range, FL 33825-5700 [email protected] Edwin L. Bridges Botanical and Ecological Consultant, 7752 Holly Tree Place NW, Bremerton, WA 98312-1063 [email protected] ABSTRACT Floristic composition of the Florida dry prairie landscape was compiled from 291 sites in nine south-central peninsular counties. Floristic lists were based upon field inventory and compilation from reliable sources to- taling 11,250 site and community type-specific observations and were analyzed by region (Kissimmee River, Desoto/Glades “Big Prairie,” and Myakka). The known vascular flora consists of 658 vascular plant taxa, rep- resenting 317 genera and 115 families. Families with the highest number of species are Poaceae (103), Asteraceae (78), Cyperaceae (76), Fabaceae (23), Scrophulariaceae (20), and Orchidaceae (18). The most diverse genera are Rhynchospora (29), Dichanthelium (17), Ludwigia (13), Xyris (12), and Andropogon (11). Of this flora 24 taxa are endemic to central or southern peninsular Florida, primarily within the pine savanna- flatwood/dry prairie landscape, and 41 taxa are of Floridian biotic affinity. Although most species are not re- gionally specific, a few (Carphephorus carnosus, Ctenium aromaticum, and Liatris spicata) appear to be ab- sent from the Myakka prairie region, while Marshallia tenuifolia appears to be absent from both the Desoto/ Glades and Myakka prairie regions. Within the dry prairie landscape Hypericum edisonianum is restricted to the Desoto/Glades region. A few other species somewhat differentiate between prairie regions; however, most occur in other habitats in the counties where they are absent or nearly absent from dry prairie.
    [Show full text]