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RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Bo Hm.Qxp PH___Booklet Wagner RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Böhm.qxp_PH______Booklet_Wagner 02.05.18 15:09 Seite 1 Edition Günter Profil Hänssler KARL BÖHM Ouvertüren und heitere Konzertstücke Böhms erste Dresdner Aufnahmen Overtures and entertaining concert pieces His first Dresden shellac recordings Staatskapelle Dresden EDITION STAATSKAPELLE vol. 43 DRESDEN RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Böhm.qxp_PH______Booklet_Wagner 02.05.18 15:09 Seite 2 DEUTSCH Foto: Electrola Foto: Karl Böhm, die Staatskapelle Dresden und die „unterhaltsame Klassik“ Dresden im April 1935 – im großen Zu- seit der hektischen Aufnahmesitzung im schauerraum der Semperoper herrscht September 1926 rund um die Premiere von tagsüber rege Betriebsamkeit. Was ist los? Puccinis Turandot – die erste Aufnahmesit- Mikrophonstative werden aufgebaut, die zung nach rund neun Jahren. Das ganze ist Sitze im Rang werden mit Stoffdecken zunächst nicht viel mehr als ein Versuchs- abgedeckt, schallschluckende Paravants ballon. Lediglich vier Titel sollen aufgenom- werden installiert, Kabel werden verlegt, men werden – leichte, gut verkäufliche Strippen gezogen, und in einer Seitenloge Klassik, mit der man nichts verkehrt machen werden Schneidapparaturen aufgebaut. kann: Der Johann-Strauß-Walzer „An der Die Plattenfirma Electrola (eine Tochter- schönen blauen Donau“ ist der unveröffent- Die Staatskapelle mit ihrem Chef, Karl Böhm, während einer Grammophon-Aufnahmesitzung in der Semperoper. „Zum ersten Male das weltberühmte Dresdner Staatsorchester auf Schallplatte – zum ersten Male Generalmusikdirektor firma der englischen „His Master’s Voice“) licht gebliebene Probelauf, gefolgt von Dr. Karl Böhm, die größte Hoffnung des deutschen Dirigentennachwuchses.“ ist mit großem Gerät und technischem Lortzings „Holzschuhtanz“ aus „Zar und Mit jener Bildunterschrift aus der Electrola-Hauszeitschrift „Skizzen“ vom Juni / Juli 1935 wurden die ersten beiden Titel der Staatskapelle unter Leitung von Karl Böhm angekündigt. Personal nach Dresden gekommen, um Zimmermann“ und der Ballettmusik aus Makabere Geschichtsverfälschung: Der Werbetext der „Electrola“ ignoriert die tatsächliche erste Aufnahmestaffel der Aufnahmen zu machen. „Undine“. Den Abschluss der kurzen Auf- Staatskapelle Dresden von 1923 unter der Leitung des (1933 von den Nationalsozialisten vertriebenen) Dresdner Generalmusikdirektors Fritz Busch (EDITION STAATSKAPELLE DRESDEN Vol. 30). Karl Böhm, seit einem Jahr Chefdirigent nahmesitzung bildet Beethovens „Egmont der traditionsreichen Staatskapelle Dresden Ouvertüre“. Walzer und Konzertouvertüren The Dresden Staatskapelle with its principal conductor Karl Böhm during a recording for the Electrola label in the Semperoper, which had been adapted for use as a recording studio. “The world famous Dresden State Orchestra for the first time on gilt als neues potentielles Zugpferd auf sind in jenen Jahren ein todsicheres Ge- gramophone record – and for the first time GMD Dr. Karl Böhm, the great hope of the new generation of German conductors.” dem Schallplattenmarkt – und das Orches- schäft. Aufgrund ihrer relativ kurzen This photo from the June/July 1935 issue of Electrola’s in-house magazine “Skizzen” (sketches) served to announce the first two numbers played by the Staatskapelle under the baton of Karl Böhm. ter selbst soll – so der Plan der Geschäfts- Spielzeit kann man sie bequem (manchmal A macabre distortion of history: Electrola’s advertising copy ignored the actual first recording session by the Staatskapelle führung – zukünftig ebenfalls groß heraus- in zwei Teile aufgeteilt) auf einer Platte Dresden made in 1923 under the direction of the former Dresden General Music Director, Fritz Busch, expelled from Germany in 1933 by the Nazis. (EDITION STAATSKAPELLE DRESDEN Vol. 30). gestellt werden. Für die Kapelle ist es unterbringen. 2 3 RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Böhm.qxp_PH______Booklet_Wagner 02.05.18 15:09 Seite 4 DEUTSCH Anzeigen der Electrola zu Grammophon-Aufnahmen mit der Staatskapelle Dresden unter der Leitung von Karl Böhm ab 1935 Electrola advertisements announcing the Staatskapelle Dresden’s recordings under the direction of Karl Böhm from 1935 Mit einem Preis von sechs Reichsmark für Dazu gehören weltweite Ersteinspielungen Gegen Ende des Jahres 1937 ändert sich die Ein Blick in die damaligen Electrola Firmenka- eine 30cm Platte sind Schallplatten immer der 4. und 5. Sinfonie von Anton Bruckner Repertoirepolitik der Electrola jedoch. Es taloge offenbart den wahren Grund: Genau noch ein recht teures Vergnügen, wenn (EDITION STAATSKAPELLE DRESDEN Vol. 32), fällt auf, dass man dort nun zunehmend auf dieses kleinteilige musikalische Genre wurde man den durchschnittlichen Monatslohn der komplette 3. Akt der „Meistersinger musikalische Inhalte setzt, mit denen man zuvor zum überwiegenden Teil mit Aufnah- eines Arbeiters in der damaligen Zeit zu- von Nürnberg“ (EDITION STAATSKAPELLE im Jahr versuchsweise 1935 gestartet war. men der Staatskapelle Berlin unter Leitung grunde legt. Dieser liegt im Jahr 1935 noch DRESDEN Vol. 2) mit dem kompletten Parallel zu den weiter fortgeführten Großpro- des Dirigenten Leo Blech bestritten. Der immer deutlich unter 200 Reichsmark. Ensemble des Dresdner Opernhauses jekten werden nun verstärkt Aufnahmen mit Electrola-Jahreskatalog 1936 enthält allein drei Der Erfolg dieser ersten, mit damals oder Regers „Mozart-Variationen“. populären Werken produziert und veröffent- volle Seiten mit genau solchen Einspielungen. neuester Technik produzierten Aufnahmen Diese Aufnahmen finden über die welt- licht – Hochglanzklassik für den Tagesge- Musikalisch einwandfrei produziert, hatten scheint das finanzielle Risiko zu recht- weiten Geschäftskontakte der Platten- brauch sozusagen. Doch aus welchem sie in den späten 20er- und frühen 30er fertigen. Ein Jahr später beginnen in regel- firma ihren Weg bis in die amerikanischen Grund? Warum erneut ein „Kaiser-Walzer“, Jahren stets ihren Zweck erfüllt und sich in mäßigen Abständen musikalisch und und japanischen Schallplattenläden und eine „Fledermaus Ouvertüre“ oder Auszüge großen Stückzahlen verkauft. Mit dem Boy- finanziell aufwendige Großprojekte, die spielen den finanziellen Einsatz um ein aus Tschaikowskis „Capriccio Italien“? Das kott jüdischer Künstler, der nach den Olympi- den Namen der Staatskapelle Dresden in Vielfaches wieder ein. alles gibt es doch bereits von anderen nam- schen Spielen des Jahres 1936 in Deutschland die ganze Welt hinaustragen. haften Orchestern und Dirigenten. nun massiv zunimmt, ändert sich das. 4 5 RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Böhm.qxp_PH______Booklet_Wagner 02.05.18 15:09 Seite 6 DEUTSCH Im Laufe des Jahres 1937 entfernen alle in Im 1938er Jahreshauptkatalog der Electrola Man ist sicherlich gut beraten sie vom Man hört in diesen Aufnahmen eine Deutschland aktiven Schallplattenfirmen die ist keine einzige Aufnahme mit jüdischen politischen Hintergrund ihrer Entstehung heute selten gewordene Leichtigkeit Aufnahmen mit jüdischen Künstlern – zu de- Künstlern mehr enthalten. Ungewollt zu trennen, denn letztendlich waren unter- und Beschwingtheit, die jedoch immer nen auch Leo Blech gehört – aus den Katalo- profitieren also nun die in Deutschland nehmenspolitische Entscheidungen inner- nur dann entstehen kann, wenn man gen, mit der Konsequenz, dass quasi über verbliebenen Künstler vom Exodus der halb eines profitorientierten weltweit auch diesen kleinen musikalischen Nacht eine Riesenlücke im Repertoire ent- jüdischen Kollegen. Sämtliche Aufnahmen operierenden Konzerns hierfür ausschlag- Formen mit großem Respekt begegnet. steht, die schnellstens wieder aufgefüllt wer- der Staatskapelle Dresden, die in jenen gebend. Musikalisch handelt es sich dabei Und so erfüllen diese Einspielungen den muss. Denn genau solche Aufnahmen Jahren auf dem Gebiet der unterhalten- in jedem Fall um Perlen der besonderen bis heute genau den Zweck, für die sie sind ja sozusagen das „Brot- und Butterge- den Klassik produziert wurden sind Art, denn die Musikerinnen und Musiker bestimmt waren: Es ist eine Freude schäft“ jeder Firma. Mit den daraus (mit Ausnahme der nicht veröffentlichen der Staatskapelle Dresden und der Dirigent hier zuzuhören! resultierenden Einnahmen werden die aufwen- „schönen blauen Donau“) in dieser Ausgabe erfüllten auch diese Aufgabe mit großer digen und teuren Großprojekte zum großen der Edition Staatskapelle Dresden ent- Leidenschaft und Hingabe. Jens-Uwe Völmecke Teil vorfinanziert oder quersubventioniert. halten. 6 7 RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Böhm.qxp_PH______Booklet_Wagner 02.05.18 15:09 Seite 8 DEUTSCH 8 9 RZ.PH18035.Booklet.Böhm.qxp_PH______Booklet_Wagner 02.05.18 15:09 Seite 10 DEUTSCH Schallplattenaufnahmen im Dresdner Opernhaus Dokument: Sammlung Volker Hartung Volker Sammlung Dokument: Der Zuschauerraum des Opernhauses sieht Kleidung unserer Künstler mit Geige, Horn, an diesem Dienstagvormittag so verändert Fagott. Augenblicke lang beobachtet man aus. Wohl brennen die Lichter mit allem noch Generalmusikdirektor Professor Dr. Glanze, doch sonst sind die Ränge und Karl Böhm und freut sich, mit vollem Genuß Lauben leer. (...) einmal seine Art des Dirigierens bewundern Das einzige, was sonst opernmäßig zu können; dann ist man dem Zauber der aussieht, ist das Orchester. Doch auch hier Töne verfallen, der Töne, die nun zwar hier Veränderungen. Die Künstler der Staats- zum ersten Male aufklingen, aber dann kapelle sitzen sehr viel höher als sonst, in von Schallplatten aus alle Länder und Völker einer Ebene mit dem Parkett, jedoch in erfreuen sollen. (...) anderer Anordnung, erst die Streicher, Man sitzt wie im Bann und trennt sich dann die Holzbläser,
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