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The Network Readiness Index 2019: Towards a Future-Ready Society

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The Network Readiness Index 2019: Towards a Future-Ready Society The Network Readiness Index 2019: Towards a Future-Ready Society Soumitra Dutta and Bruno Lanvin Editors www.portulansinstitute.org www.networkreadinessindex.org INSIGHT REPORT The Network Readiness Index 2019: Towards a Future-Ready Society Soumitra Dutta and Bruno Lanvin Editors Copyright and other notices Portulans Institute (2019): Network Readiness Index • To develop cross-community knowledge and 2019, Washington D.C., USA. dialogue on how people, technology and innovation contribute to sustainable and inclusive growth. • To inform policymakers by producing DISCLAIMER: independent, rigorous metrics and data-based No representation or warranty, either express or implied, research. is provided in relation to the information contained herein and with regard to its fitness, sufficiency, or applicability • To collaborate with private sector leaders in for any particular purpose. The information contained in driving a business agenda that invests in people, this report is provided for personal, non-commercial use technology and innovation for a prosperous and information purposes only and may be reviewed and common future. revised based on new information and data. Portulans Institute and WITSA disclaim all liability relating to the • To host and co-organize events and conferences content and use of the report and the information on the above issues affecting human-centric contained therein, and the report should not be used as sustainable economic prosperity. a basis for any decision that may affect the business and financial interests of the reader or any other party. © 2019 by Portulans Institute. ABOUT WITSA: The World Information Technology and Services Alliance This content is licensed under the Creative Commons (WITSA) is the leading recognized international voice Attribution, Non-commercial No-Derivates 3.0 Unported of the global ICT industry, whose members from over License. The user is allowed to reproduce, distribute 80 countries and economies represent more than 90 and publicly perform this publication without explicit percent of the world ICT market. WITSA is dedicated permission provided that the content is accompanied to advocating policies that advance industry growth by an acknowledgement that Portulans Institute is the and development; facilitating international trade and source. No part of this publication can be used for investment in ICT products and services; strengthening commercial purposes or adapted/translated/modified WITSA’s national industry associations; and providing without the explicit permission of Portulans Institute. members with a broad network of professional contacts. ISBN: 978-0-578-62273-6 WITSA members are leaders in a globally interconnected marketplace. Because the challenges facing the ICT Designed by Ali Saleem, copy-edited by Andrew industry are undisputedly global in nature, WITSA Hillebrand, and printed by Portulans Institute. members work together to achieve a shared vision on important issues of common interest. WITSA makes it possible for its members — ranging from Mongolia and Argentina to Kenya and the United States — to ABOUT PORTULANS INSTITUTE: identify common issues and priorities, exchange valuable Founded in 2019 by Soumitra Dutta, Bruno Lanvin information, and present a united position on industry and Carolina Rossini, the Portulans Institute (PI) is issues. For more information on WITSA, please visit www. an independent nonprofit, nonpartisan research and witsa.org. educational institute based in Washington DC. Our areas of expertise include technology competitiveness, innovation readiness, and people and global Talent. Our Mission is: TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE 07 SECTION 3: DATA TABLES 137 FOREWORD 09 SECTION 4: THE CASE OF 253 TAWAIN AND UZBEKISTAN TECHNICAL EXPERTS GROUP 10 AND NRI TEAM APPENDIX I: INDICES 263 REVIEW NRI advisory board 10 APPENDIX II: TECHNICAL 287 NRI technical experts group 10 NOTES NRI core team 11 Structure of the network readiness 289 SECTION I – THE 2019 index 17 NETWORK READINESS INDEX Computation of the NRI 289 Country and data coverage 289 Key messages from the 2019 edition Treatment of series with outliers 291 of the NRI 19 Normalization 291 A renewed, future-ready NRI 20 References 291 The redesigned NRI model 21 Notes 291 Results of NRI 2019 23 Overall rankings 23 APPENDIX III: SOURCES AND 293 Top 10 NRI performers 27 DEFINITIONS NRI performances by income group 29 ABOUT THE AUTHORS 307 NRI performances by region 34 Conclusion 37 Michael Bratt 307 References 38 Soumitra Dutta 307 Bruno Lanvin 308 SECTION 2: COUNTRY/ 49 308 ECONOMY PROFILES Carolina Rossini PREFACE PREFACE It was the year 2000, and we both were part of a small of ICT. Despite the challenges inherent to collecting data group of experts at the World Economic Forum (WEF) from more than 120 economies, the NRI chose to retain with the mandate to design a framework for assessing the its extensive global coverage and evolved into a trusted impact of information and communications technologies global benchmark of the use of ICT for development and (ICT) on the development and competitiveness of nations. competitiveness. The commercialization of the Internet had started only a few years before, and there were many anecdotes Earlier this year (2019), due to some internal re- about the positive impact of the emerging technology organizations and changed priorities, the WEF decided on the lives of people, including, for example, fishermen to hand over the production of the NRI to us. This and farmers in Western Africa. However, there was no provided us with an opportune moment to revisit the overall framework for the evaluation of such impacts of NRI framework and make it future-ready. Over the last ICT. It was hoped that the team of experts at the WEF decade, ICT has become more integrated with our lives could propose a more evidence-based and structured than we could have ever anticipated. This has in turn approach to ICT policy formulation by public and private raised important issues of trust, governance, and impact sector stakeholders. that have become critical in recent years. The result of the exercise was the creation of the Network We turned to a set of experts in ICT and friends of Readiness Index (NRI), which provided, for the first time, a the NRI to redesign the framework of the NRI. We are holistic framework for assessing the multi-faceted impact grateful for this NRI technical advisory group for their of ICT on society and the development of nations. The support in redesigning the NRI to make it reflective of NRI was forward-looking. In many ways, it anticipated current ICT issues and to make the NRI more future- many of the aspects which would become critical in the ready in the wake of new technological disruptions such following years. Early on, the NRI identified the three key as AI. A key theme underlying the newly redesigned NRI stakeholders for ICT: individuals/society, businesses, and framework is that a necessary condition to a collective governments, and included elements of ICT application prosperous future will be our ability to integrate people that were novel for the time—for example, a focus on and technology with the right governance structures. the political environment and quality of regulations. At a We also decided to create a special not-for-profit, the time when the primary concerns in ICT revolved around Portulans Institute (PI) to support research on the NRI infrastructure issues, the NRI provided a forward-looking and continue to serve leaders from the public and and holistic perspective on the application of ICT within private sectors in their quest to deploy the power of national economies. ICT effectively within their societies and economies. We The NRI rapidly developed into an influential global hope that the Portulans Institute, much like the ancient benchmark for the application and utilization of ICT. Many navigational maps, the Portulans, will help us to discover economies utilized the NRI to design their ICT strategies, the contours of the changing impact of ICT on our world and the NRI was used and frequently quoted by leaders and navigate the right path forward. from the public and private sectors. Over the ensuing two decades, the NRI framework underwent one major revision, which allowed an explicit focus on the impact SOUMITRA DUTTA BRUNO LANVIN The Network Readiness Index 2019 | 7 FOREWORD FOREWORD On behalf of the World Information Technology & Services Alliance, (WITSA), it is a sincere pleasure to be selected as a Knowledge Partner of the 2019 Network Readiness Index (NRI). This authoritative and wide-ranging assessment of how ICT impacts the competitiveness and well-being of nations aligns with WITSA’s vision of “Fulfilling the Promise of the Digital Age,” which means the promise will be fulfilled when every person on Earth is connected and benefiting from information and communications technology (ICT). As WITSA is a consortium of leading ICT associations in over 80 nations, representing over 90% of the ICT industry, we understand the importance of all stakeholders, including individuals, businesses, and governments, having a comprehensive understanding of how ICT is driving the global economy and affecting individuals and MS. YVONNE CHIU societies. The NRI provides an abundant set of examples, models, best practices, and lessons learned from across the globe. By assessing and contrasting ICT development in scores of nations of all sizes, cultures, and economies, the NRI reveals critical insights to all nations so that they can see firsthand what is required for them to benefit from ICT. As the Digital Age evolves, it is imperative that all nations embrace digital technologies in order to compete and flourish in a new world, being transformed by technology. The Network Readiness Index provides nations with invaluable knowledge they must have to succeed. WITSA wishes to congratulate the principals of the 2019 NRI for their recognition DR. JAMES (JIM) H. POISANT of a very large segment of global society—persons with disabilities. Persons with disabilities (PWD) are among the most marginalized groups throughout the world and face many barriers to social and economic inclusion.
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