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The Global Information Technology Report 2016 Insight Report The Global Information Technology Report 2016 Innovating in the Digital Economy Silja Baller, World Economic Forum Soumitra Dutta, Cornell University Bruno Lanvin, INSEAD Editors The Global Information Technology Report 2016 is The World Economic Forum and INSEAD, their agents, a special project within the framework of the World officers, and employees do not endorse or in any respect Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness and Risks warrant any third-party products or services by virtue of Team and the Industry Partnership Programme for any Data, material, or content referred to or included in Information and Communication Technologies. It is the this Report. result of collaboration between the World Economic Forum and INSEAD. 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Contents Preface v Richard Samans and Margareta Drzeniek Hanouz (World Economic Forum) Acknowledgments vii Alan Marcus (World Economic Forum) Foreword ix Chuck Robbins (Cisco Systems) Executive Summary xi Silja Baller (World Economic Forum), Soumitra Dutta (Cornell University), and Bruno Lanvin (INSEAD) Part 1: Innovating in the Digital Economy 1 1.1 The Networked Readiness Index 2016 3 Silja Baller and Attilio Di Battista (World Economic Forum), Soumitra Dutta (Cornell University), and Bruno Lanvin (INSEAD) Appendix: The Networked Readiness Index framework: 33 A methodological note 1.2 Cross-Border Data Flows, Digital Innovation, 39 and Economic Growth Robert Pepper, John Garrity, and Connie LaSalle (Cisco Systems) Part 2: Data Presentation 49 2.1 Country/Economy Profiles 51 How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles ........................................................................53 Index of Countries/Economies .............................................................................................55 Country/Economy Profiles ....................................................................................................56 2.2 Data Tables 195 How to Read the Data Tables ............................................................................................197 Index of Data Tables...........................................................................................................199 Data Tables ........................................................................................................................201 2.3 Technical Notes and Sources 269 About the Authors 279 Partner Institutes 281 Strategic Partner Acknowledgment 289 The Global Information Technology Report 2016 | iii Preface RICHARD SAMANS, Member of the Managing Board, World Economic Forum MARGARETA DRZENIEK HANOUZ, World Economic Forum As the 2016 edition of The Global Information technologies and business models, which can drive Technology Report is released, the world is entering the economic and social gains from ICTs if channelled in a Fourth Industrial Revolution. Processing and storage smart way. Second, the way businesses adopt ICTs is capacities are rising exponentially, and knowledge is key for leveraging them for development, so encouraging becoming accessible to more people than ever before businesses to fully embrace the powers of digital in human history. The future holds an even higher technologies should be a priority of governments. Third, potential for human development as the full effects of both the private sector and governments need to step new technologies such as the Internet of Things, artificial up efforts to invest in innovative digital solutions to drive intelligence, 3-D Printing, energy storage, and quantum social impact. Last but not least, a sustainable digital computing unfold. economy will depend on quickly evolving governance The exponential speed of developments; disruption frameworks that allow societies to anticipate and shape across all major industries; and the impact on entire the impact of emerging technologies and react quickly to systems of production, management, and governance changing circumstances. are what differentiates these developments from Against this background, the Report is meant to previous “industrial revolutions.” However, while all be a call for action. Policymakers must work with other these developments will bring many benefits, they also stakeholders to swiftly adopt holistic long-term strategies carry risks. If managed well, they have the potential to for ICT development and lead in adapting governance give rise to innovation that will drive growth and social and leadership behaviors to ensure that ICTs deliver impact. If not handled appropriately, challenges such maximum benefits. Under the theme “Innovating in the as the rising threat of cyberattacks that expand into the Digital Economy,” The Global Information Technology physical world, privacy issues, and the polarizing effects Report 2016 highlights striking innovation patterns in of technologies on labor markets could derail these the NRI data that can help point the way for policy and benefits. Countries and businesses that embrace these investment priorities. developments, anticipate challenges, and deal with them As the digital economy is developing exponentially, in a strategic way are more likely to prosper, while those its measurement must evolve as well. Chapter 1.1 that do not will more likely fall behind. therefore includes an outlook for potential next steps for Information and communication technologies the NRI that can serve as a starting point for discussing (ICTs) are the backbone of this revolution. The future of the evolving concepts and measurements of networked countries, businesses, and individuals will depend more readiness. In the course of the coming year, we plan than ever on whether they embrace digital technologies. to identify key questions concerning the drivers and And many of those who stand to gain the most are not implications of the emerging Fourth Industrial Revolution yet connected. and develop relevant concepts and measures with Since 2001, The Global Information Technology experts, policymakers, and
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