Central Football History 1919-1929
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Glenn Killinger, Service Football, and the Birth
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School School of Humanities WAR SEASONS: GLENN KILLINGER, SERVICE FOOTBALL, AND THE BIRTH OF THE AMERICAN HERO IN POSTWAR AMERICAN CULTURE A Dissertation in American Studies by Todd M. Mealy © 2018 Todd M. Mealy Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy May 2018 ii This dissertation of Todd M. Mealy was reviewed and approved by the following: Charles P. Kupfer Associate Professor of American Studies Dissertation Adviser Chair of Committee Simon Bronner Distinguished Professor Emeritus of American Studies and Folklore Raffy Luquis Associate Professor of Health Education, Behavioral Science and Educaiton Program Peter Kareithi Special Member, Associate Professor of Communications, The Pennsylvania State University John Haddad Professor of American Studies and Chair, American Studies Program *Signatures are on file in the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT This dissertation examines Glenn Killinger’s career as a three-sport star at Penn State. The thrills and fascinations of his athletic exploits were chronicled by the mass media beginning in 1917 through the 1920s in a way that addressed the central themes of the mythic Great American Novel. Killinger’s personal and public life matched the cultural medley that defined the nation in the first quarter of the twentieth-century. His life plays outs as if it were a Horatio Alger novel, as the anxieties over turn-of-the- century immigration and urbanization, the uncertainty of commercializing formerly amateur sports, social unrest that challenged the status quo, and the resiliency of the individual confronting challenges of World War I, sport, and social alienation. -
Privilege in Tennis and Lawn Tennis: the Geelong and Royal South Yarra Examples but Not Forgetting the Story of the Farmer’S Wrist
PRIVILEGE IN TENNIS AND LAWN TENNIS: THE GEELONG AND ROYAL SOUTH YARRA EXAMPLES BUT NOT FORGETTING THE STORY OF THE FARMER’S WRIST GRAEME KINROSS SMITH DEAKIN UNIVERSITY I It is the season. That strange game called lawn tennis in- filtrated the Australian colonies in the mid 1870s when the wealthy, in emulation of English cousins,rigged nets in their city gardens or in the grounds of their country estates and invited long skirted ladies and men in cummerbunds, white shirts, and formal ties to tennis parties. The flight of the balls over nets five feet or more from the ground was demure and accompanied by giggles, gasps and gentlemanly shouts. By the 188Os, those whose enjoyment of these physical dashes required for its satisfaction something more codified in the way of a game were beginning to establish clubs for players of like mind. Their endeavours were guided by the All England Croquet Club at Wimbledon which had incorporated the words Lawn Tennis in-its title, in 1877,and which staged its first Gentlemen's Singles Championship under rules which modified those of the modern game's inventor,Major Wingfield,and allowed for a net still five feet high at the posts,a rectangular court rather than Wingfield's hour glass, and the modern system of scoring. That all occurred about a century ago. So it is the season- for celebrating the birth of the game, for taking stock, for writing the centenary histories of Australia's earliest tennis clubs. In 1878, the Melbourne Cricket Club added an asphalt court and a tennis club as an adjunct to cricket,and laid a grass court in 1880. -
Babe Ruth: the Media Construction of a 1920'S Sport Personality
Colby Quarterly Volume 32 Issue 1 March Article 6 March 1996 Babe Ruth: The Media Construction of a 1920's Sport Personality Patrick Trimble Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.colby.edu/cq Recommended Citation Colby Quarterly, Volume 32, no.1, March 1996, p.45-57 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Colby. It has been accepted for inclusion in Colby Quarterly by an authorized editor of Digital Commons @ Colby. Trimble: Babe Ruth: The Media Construction of a 1920's Sport Personality Babe Ruth: The Media Construction ofa 1920's Sport Personality By PATRICK TRIMBLE NE COULD SPECULATE that had Babe Ruth not been born, he would have Obeen invented by the bubbling social cauldron of the 1920's. It was the Jazz Age, the decade of the flapper and of prohibition. The moral fiber of America was split along the lines of the rigid puritan work ethic and a hedo nism that honored individual achievement and upward social mobility. In these hectic years, no personality represented the idea of celebrity better than George Herman "Babe" Ruth. l Ruth's rise from the streets of Baltimore to the ballparks of New York was an Horatio Alger story, a blueprint for American success. He was, in the words of sport historian David Voigt, the most photographed man in America during the 1920's.2 His skill on the ballfield and his indulgences off the field were legendary. When he was not playing ball, he performed in vaudeville shows. Newspaper columns, "How to Play Baseball" guides and even a children's book were ghost-written in his name. -
The Nordic Games and the Origins of the Olympic Winter Games Ron Edgeworth
The NorDic Games aND the OriGiNs oF the Olympic WiNter Games Ron Edgeworth he Olympic Winter Games formally began in 1924 Games.15 According to Ny tidning för Idrott (the SCFIF Tat Chamonix, although they were originally known publication), Swedish support was essential: “The most as the Semaine internationale des sports d’hiver. Prior to fundamental implications of the Nordic Games have been, that time, winter sports events had been held during the in addition to the fostering of a hardy species, the rally- Summer Games of 1908 (fi gure skating) and 1920 (fi gure ing of the Swedes around something really national. It skating and ice hockey). But there existed an earlier had long been a weakness among us that we have not had international winter sports festival, the Nordic Games, something acceptably national, which could assemble which began in 1901. The Nordic Games were presented the entire people.”15 in Revue Olympique as the “Scandinavian Olympiads.”6 It was not simply the idea of furthering nationalistic 2. Fairs of the Olympic Games and early traditions World Years The Formative Many years later, Olympic Review wrote that “The inten- pride but also of creating publicity for Sweden in other sive focus of [the Nordic Games] can be regarded as a countries. Sweden was to be showcased, as a nation and precursor to the Winter Games which were to come.”6 as a site for tourism. The purely nationalistic ambitions But were they? were thus complemented by commercial motives. When one understands these motives, the structure of Early History of the Nordic Games the Nordic Games becomes comprehensible. -
The History of Cricket in Oregon, 1870S–1920S
The History of Cricket in Oregon, 1870s–1920s CRAIG OWEN JONES THE FAILURE OF AMERICAN CRICKET TO FLOURISH during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries is the Rorschach inkblot test for sports historians — each sees in the failure whatever they wish to see. Arriv- ing at a viable explanation, one that takes into account class distinctions, practical considerations, differences of national character, and exactly how much weight to assign to the influence on would-be cricketers of baseball in the second half of the nineteenth century, has been a long and arduous process, summarized by George Kirsch in his excellent recent overview.1 Scholars, however, have been able to agree on one thing: changes in clubs’ membership composition is crucial to understanding the subject. For much of the nineteenth century, cricket was a sport that straddled class divides; in Philadelphia, the spiritual home of American cricket, the game was the province of working-class players just as much as it was of their middle-class and upper-class counterparts.2 As the century wore on, however, in places where middle-and upper-class British immigrant society patronized the game, the promoters of cricket ultimately failed to convert enough sportsmen to play beyond their class ranks. When the stream of new arrivals from the United Kingdom dwindled, so too did cricket as an endeavor that was able to reach beyond the niche of English American society. Following changes in immigration patterns during the 1890s, the demographic balance shifted from the British Isles and Northern Europe to the Mediterranean and East- ern Europe, especially following the 1921 Immigration Restriction Act and subsequent legislation.3 The history of cricket in Oregon provides an interesting corollary to this model. -
INFORMATION to USERS This Maauscript Has Been Reproduced
INFORMATION TO USERS This maauscript has been reproduced from the microSlm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in ^ew riter face, while others may be from aity type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction Is dependent upon the quali^ of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely afreet reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each original is also photographed in one exposure and is included in reduced form at the back of the book. Fhotogr^hs included in the orignal manuscript have been reproduced xerographically in this copy. Higher quality 6" x 9" black and white photographic prints are available for any photographs or illustrations appearing in this copy for an additional charge. Contact UMI directly to order. UMI A Bell & Howell information Com pany 300 North Zeeb Road. Ann Arbor. Ml 48106-1346 USA 3l3.'761-4700 800/521-0600 Order Number 9516979 The modernization of professional football in England and the United States: A comparative analysis Dawson, Steven Charles, Ph.D. The Ohio State University, 1994 UMI 300 N. -
UQ BLUE and HALF BLUE AWARDEES 1910S
UQ BLUE AND HALF BLUE AWARDEES 1910s Year First Name Last Name Maiden Name Sport Award 1912 T. Francis Athletics Blue 1912 Norman Lloyd Rugby Union Blue 1912 John Radcliffe Tennis Blue 1913 Daniel Baldwin Rowing Half Blue 1913 Percival Brown Rowing Half Blue 1913 Eric Fisher Rowing Half Blue 1913 Charles Foggon Athletics Blue 1913 L.A. Foote Rugby Union Blue 1913 P. Fowles Rowing Half Blue 1913 T. Francis Athletics Blue 1913 A. Jones Rowing Half Blue 1913 Norman Lloyd Rugby Union Blue 1913 John Noble Rowing Blue 1913 John Radcliffe Tennis Blue 1913 Allan Rowe Rowing Half Blue 1913 Harry Scriven Rowing Half Blue 1913 Francis Thompson Cricket Blue 1914 George Brown Rugby Union Blue 1914 Stanley Francis Rugby Union Blue 1914 Eric Francis Rugby Union Blue 1914 Charles Jameson Athletics Blue 1914 Norman Lloyd Rugby Union Blue 1914 Allan Rowe Rugby Union Blue 1915 Reginald Quinn Tennis Blue 1915 John Radcliffe Tennis Blue 1919 Robert Barbour Tennis Blue 1919 Felix Brazier Rugby Union Blue 1919 Nesta Brown Hockey Blue 1919 Sydney Cran Hockey Blue 1919 John Davidson Tennis Blue 1919 Gordon Fisher Rugby Union Blue 1919 D. Fowles Rugby Union Blue 1919 Eric Francis Rugby Union Blue 1919 Noel George Tennis Blue 1919 Julia Gordon Hockey Blue 1919 Murray Graham Tennis Blue 1919 Victor Grenning Rugby Union Blue 1919 John Halferty Rugby Union Blue 1919 Julia Hulbert Birkbeck Hockey Blue 1919 Thomas Lawton Rugby Union Blue 1919 Elvina Lord Hockey Blue 1919 Zoe Martin Hockey Blue 1919 John Michie Athletics Blue 1919 F.W. Patterson Athletics Blue 1919 L. -
Sunday Sport Comes to Pennsylvania: Professional Baseball and Football Triumph Over the Commonwealth's Archaic Blue Laws, 919-1933
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 109 103 SP 009 352' AUTHOR Jable, J. Thomas TITLE Sunday Sport Comes to Pennsylvania: Professional Baseball and Football Triumph over the Commonwealth's Archaic Blue Laws, 919-1933. .PUB DATE Apr 75 NOTE 27p.; Paper presented at the Annual Convention of the North American Society for Sport History (3rd Boston, Mas'achusetts, April 16-19, 1975); Best copy Available- EDRS PRICE MF-$0.76 HC1-$1.95 PLUS POSTAGE 'DESCRIPTORS .*Athletics; Baseball; *Laws; *StAte Legislation *State Recreation Legislation IDENTIFIERS *Bt1Laws Football; Pennsylvania ABSTRACT Following World War I, many Americans plunged into _sport, and found the Sabbath a convenient and popular day for engaging in sporting events, especially since'Sunday activities had become commonplace during the War and acceptablin many areas. However, when Pennsylvanians turned to sport on the Sabbath, they were confronted by the state's archaicblue law of 1794 which prohibited all ports and diversions on Sundays%. In 1926, the Philadelphia Ath'etics baseball team tested the statute byscheduling . a Sunday contest with the ChicagoWhite Sox. The game was played without incident, but Sabbatarians protested and broughtthis'issue before the court In 1921 the Pennsylvania Supre e Court concurring with Sabbatarian harges, ordered the Athletics not to schedule any more Sunday games under penalty offorfeiting its charter of incorporation. It was not until 1933, after several battlesin the Pennsylvania legislature, that the Sunday lobby,generated enough votes to modify the 1794 statute. The new lawpermitted baseball and ootball on Sunday afternoolVS between 2:00 and 5:30,p.m.,if the voters of any locality approved. -
1"!««*»«Eefanan in Seabright Final-Purchase Wtna Big Handicap at Saratoga
2ÏÏ5*1g?1"!««*» «eefanan in Seabright Final-Purchase Wtna Big Handicap at Saratoga Tennis Quaker City Star Naval Academy First Hildretli Colt International League Marston To Wins Show Skill Beats New Yorker Start Football GAMES TO-DAY Philadelphians NearRecord in Heading; at Newark. Twice in in Easily Practice for 1919 Jersey City at Baltimore (1). Play ISational Regalia Rave Toronto at Hinghamton. Classic at Hi; IT.-tit. at Rochester. For f Attenuated Philadelphian Wins First on New Aug. l.-Probably Spa YESTERDAY'S RESULTS sham Leg ANNAPOLIS,the Hr3t of the colleges to Cup K«*!ly and Coffello Defeat start its football Reading, 8; Newark, 7. Singles Challenge Cup by Downing Opponent practice.the Navnl Raltimore, .1; «lor. City, 0. Hoover, of Duluth. to Academy had a squad of more than Conqueror of Sh- Karton Hinghaiiifon. 2: Tornillo. I (Ist). Will IMrrt Patten in ..- the . in Four-Set at one hundred 4 (10 . Match, 6.3, 3.6, 6.2, 6.1 members of the new Wins Toronto,:.; Bing'.on, in.). for fourth on Easily in Buffalo, 3; Rochester. 2. Final Qualify Srullinp # class the field this after¬ Opening Koitml of Golf noon, under Lieutenant STANDING OF TEAMS Row Fred Commander Feature; Roamer Out W. L. at Mancheater In« By Hawthorne W. A. Richardson, a Pel W. !.. Pc. To-day former Acad¬ B'more. 71 28 .717 Blng't'n 48 49.495 W0RCB8TE&, Ma**.. Au». 1. í'htla SEABRIGHT. Ñ. J., Aug. 1..William Tilden, 2d, of emy player, and John otrmion rac Philadelphia, Wilson, who Toronto 63 36 ..36 Roch .. -
The Frisco-Man, January 1920
34 THE FRISCO-MAN A REVIEW OF THE YEAR. Prohibition Amendment ( ConLinued Prom page 5) The putting into effect of nation- At this time there had arisen a num- wide prohibition and the subniission ber of problems so difficult to handle by Collgress of the constitutional that it seemed possible at times that amendment for complete woman's the Peace Conference might be unable suffrage were other important events to reach a settlement. On March 21 it of the year. Ratification of the na- was reported that the Italian delega- tional prohibition amendment came tion threatened to withdraw from the early in the year with a rapidity that conference unless the port of Fiume surprised the nation. The Michigan was awarded to Italy. On April 2 legislature ratified the amendment on Baron Makino, head of the Japanese January 2 and other states acted rap- delegation, declared that "no Asiatic nation could be happy in a League of idly on the measure during the en- Nations in which sharp racial discrim- suing month. On January 16 Ne- ination is maintained." On March 11 braska's legislature acted, giving the Secretary Lansing, speaking at a din- necessary three-fourths majority for ner in honor of the American peace the amendment. On January 29 the delegation, had given warning that the State Department proclaimed the rati- imposition of too harsh terms upon fication of the amendment and set Germany woulcl cause the spread of January 16, 1920, as the date when Bolshevism and anarchy. On the other it \voulcl become effective. hand, on April 8 the majority of the On January 9 Attorney-General House of Commons sent a telegram to Gregory tendered his resignation, to Lloyd George, reminding him of his become effective March 4, and A. -
“The White Man's Burden”
ChApter one “The White Man’s Burden” Football and Empire, 1860s–1919 Modern SportS start with European imperial expansion in the last two centuries. The agents of that imperialism played sports among them- selves, but also saw sport as a tool of civilization. For example, British soldiers, sailors, traders, and government employees enjoyed football for their own entertainment, but they also saw it as pivotal in the European “civilizing mission” in Africa. Building on their experiences with youth and urban workers in industrial Britain, teachers and missionaries used this inexpen- sive, easy-to-learn fun to satisfy “the white man’s burden.” This expression, taken from Rudyard Kipling’s famous formulation, meant teaching African converts and colonial subjects about the virtues of Christianity, capitalist commerce, and Western civilization. In this opening chapter, I intend to show how the game of football arrived in Africa in the late nineteenth century through the major port cities and then began to spread into the interior by the 1920s by means of newly laid railway lines, Western-style schools run mainly by missionaries, and the colonial armed forces. Africans, of course, had their own sports, but these activities were little esteemed by their new imperial masters. Sports such as wrestling, martial arts, footraces, canoe racing, and competitive dancing offer compelling evidence of how agrarian African societies embraced Sportgeist—the spirit of sport.1 As the historians William Baker and Tony Mangan explain: “Through- out pre-colonial Africa . dances and games were long performed with a seriousness akin to sport in modern industrial societies, and for purposes not altogether different: the striving for status, the assertion of identity, the 1 2 ChApter one maintenance of power in one form or another, and the indoctrination of youth into the culture of their elders.”2 Indigenous sports were spectacles of fitness and physical prowess, technical and tactical expertise. -
The Evolution of World Series Scheduling
CHARLIE BEVIS The Evolution of World Series Scheduling n the early years ofWorld Series play, game sched opted for a lengthy 5-of-9 game format to generate the I ules were not nearly a~ standardized as today's for- most gate receipts possible. After the NewYork Giants Imat. Back then, a coirt toss decided the site ofthe refused to play Boston in a post-season series between opening game as/.well as a\possible seventh game. The pennant winners in 1904, New York owner John order ofgames hosted bYleach league's pennant win Brush proposed in early 1905 a set ofofficial rules for ner varied each year. Anq as late as 1956, the games future World Series play to be conducted under the were often played on cortsecutive days without any supervision ofthe National Commission. respite for travel or rest. The "Brush Rules;' adopted by both leagues in mid The four primary elements of today's World Series February 1905, stipulated that "seven games shall scheduling format have been in place since 1960 fol constitute a complete series" and "the clubs shall con lowing a six-decade evolution. These four primaryele tinue to play each day according to the authorized ments are: schedule until one ofthem has won four games:'! Exactly what inspired Brush to include a 4-of-7 • Seven-ganle series, willIler lleedillg fOllr victories game format is unclear. Brush seemed to merely • 2-3-2 format of alternating game sets between adopt a post-season format he was familiar witlI, tllat cities ofthe Temple Cup series conducted from 1894 to 1897 • Site of the first game alternates between leagues between the first- and second-place finishers in the each year National League.