The Leaflet #1075

The Leaflet No. 1075 April 2019

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The Scots’ Church, Melbourne The First Presbyterian Church in Victoria – Founded 1838

Locations The Scots’ Church, Melbourne, 77 Russell St (cnr Collins St), Melbourne Assembly Hall Building, Werner Brodbeck Hall, Grnd Flr, 156 Collins St, Melbourne Assembly Hall Building, Robert White Hall, 1st Flr, 156 Collins St, Melbourne St Stephens Church, Flemington and Kensington, 26 Norwood St, Flemington

Worship Sun: 10.00 am Service, St Stephen’s Church 10.30 am Indonesian Service (www.icc-melbourne.org), Werner Brodbeck Hall 11.00 am Traditional Service, The Scots’ Church 5.00 pm Engage City Church Contemp. Service, Robert White Hall (Crèche and Sunday school are available during all Sunday services.)

Tue: 7.00 pm City Bible Study (CBS), Robert White Hall Wed: 1.00 pm Service, The Scots’ Church Thu: 1.00 pm Lunchtime Worship and Meeting, Werner Brodbeck Hall (Prayer requests may be given to the church office during office hours, or to any duty manager at any service.)

Meetings Sun: 9.15 am Choir practice Wed: 10.30 am PWMU (second Wednesday) 7.30 pm Kirk Session (first Wednesday 7.30 pm Board of Management (fourth Wednesday, quarterly) Directory Senior Minister Rev. D.R. Robertson 9650 9903 Minister, Central Business District Rev. R.O’Brien 9650 9903 Minister, St Stephen’s, Flemington 9376 3777 Minister, Indonesian Congregation Rev. C. Tirtha 9650 9903 Director of Music Mr D. Lawrence OAM 9650 9903 Assistant Organist Ms R.A. Polo 9650 9903 Organist Emeritus Mr R. Batterham AO - Session Clerk Mr P. Armstrong 9650 9903 Chair, Scots’ Church Properties Trust Mr P. Kerss 9650 9903 Honorary Treasurer, Board of Management Mr J. Nuske FCPA 9650 9903 Honorary Secretary, Board of Management Dr D. Sherman 9650 9903 Convenor, Pastoral Care Mr D. Gibb 9650 9903 Convener, Planned Giving Mr. W. Truong 9650 9903 Convenor, Christian Education Mr G. Harris 9650 9903 Superintendent, Sunday School Mrs D. Sherman 9650 9903 Administrator Mr S. Ruddock 9650 9903 Assistant Administrator Mr J. North 9650 9903 Administrator, St Stephen’s, Flemington Rev. Litha Heshusius 9376 3777 Accountant Mr M. Hirst 9650 9903 Ministers’ Secretary Mrs W. Gregory 9650 9903 Church Officer Mr K. Bowden 9650 9903 Building Officer Mr R. Holt 9650 9903 Editor, The Leaflet Miss R. Strother 9650 9903 T HE L EAFLET --- April 2019

Welcome to The Scots’ Church, Melbourne, and this edition of our bi-monthly newsletter, The Leaflet The Scots’ Church Melbourne is a diverse and eclectic body of God’s people The Scots’ Church Melbourne is a diverse and eclectic body of God’s people who come together each week to worship God in a variety of styles and who come together each week to worship God in a variety of styles and settings. settings. Beyond our weekly gatherings, we seek to love and serve the Lord by being Beyond our weekly gatherings, we seek to love and serve the Lord by being faithful in our devotion to the Word of God, caring in our fellowship with one another and visitors, and generous in our outreach to the communities in faithful in our devotion to the Word of God, caring in our fellowship with one which God has placed us. another and visitors, and generous in our outreach to the communities in which God has placed us. We would be delighted to meet you at any of our church services or at any of our other public meetings and functions. We would be delighted to meet you at any of our church services or at any of our other public meetings and functions. If you want to know more about the Christian faith, the Presbyterian Church, Scots’ Church or the range of activities and ministries that we’re involved in, If you want to know more about the Christian faith, the Presbyterian Church, please don’t hesitate to contact us: Scots’ Church or the range of activities and ministries that we’re involved in, please don’t hesitate to contact us: 1st Floor, 156 Collins Street, Melbourne, Vic, 3000 1st Floor, 156 Collins Street, Melbourne, Vic, 3000 Tel: (03) 9650 9903 / 9650 9904 Tel: (03) 9650 9903 / 9650 9904 Fax: (03) 9654 3982 Email: [email protected] Fax: (03) 9654 3982 Web: www.scotschurch.com Email: [email protected] Web: www.scotschurch.com

Cover image: The Memorial Cross, Mount Macedon, Victoria.

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Welcome to The Scots’ Church, Melbourne, Welcome to The Scots’ Church, Melbourne, and this edition of our bi-monthly newsletter, and this edition of our bi-monthly newsletter, The Leaflet The Leaflet

The Scots’ Church Melbourne is a diverse and eclectic body of God’s people The Scots’ Church Melbourne is a diverse and eclectic body of God’s people who come together each week to worship God in a variety of styles and who come together each week to worship God in a variety of styles and settings. settings. Beyond our weekly gatherings, we seek to love and serve the Lord by being Beyond our weekly gatherings, we seek to love and serve the Lord by being faithful in our devotion to the Word of God, caring in our fellowship with one faithful in our devotion to the Word of God, caring in our fellowship with one another and visitors, and generous in our outreach to the communities in another and visitors, and generous in our outreach to the communities in which God has placed us. which God has placed us. We would be delighted to meet you at any of our church services or at any of We would be delighted to meet you at any of our church services or at any of our other public meetings and functions. our other public meetings and functions. If you want to know more about the Christian faith, the Presbyterian Church, If you want to know more about the Christian faith, the Presbyterian Church, Scots’ Church or the range of activities and ministries that we’re involved in, Scots’ Church or the range of activities and ministries that we’re involved in, please don’t hesitate to contact us: please don’t hesitate to contact us:

1st Floor, 156 Collins Street, Melbourne, Vic, 3000 1st Floor, 156 Collins Street, Melbourne, Vic, 3000 Tel: (03) 9650 9903 / 9650 9904 Tel: (03) 9650 9903 / 9650 9904 Fax: (03) 9654 3982 Fax: (03) 9654 3982 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Web: www.scotschurch.com Web: www.scotschurch.com

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T HE L EAFLET --- April 2019

Caring for our Animals...... 1 The Date of Easter - A Moveable Feast...... 2 Mount Macedon Memorial Cross...... 3 Stewart Banks - Elder Emeritus...... 7 Farewell to Elder Remo Prinsloo...... 8 Plants of the Bible...... 9 Foundation Day 2019...... 11 News from the Australian Chamber Choir...... 13 Easter Music at Scots’ Church...... 15 From the Archives...... 16 PWMU Program...... 18 Special Stained Glass Windows...... 19 Victorian Presbyterian Churches Past and Present...... 21 Bible Places...... 24 The Order of Saint John of Jerusalem...... 26 Some Connections through The Leaflet...... 28 Highgate United Reformed Church Celebrates...... 29 The National Anthem...... 31 Word Search and Maze...... 33 From the History of Scots’ Church...... 34 In Memoriam...... 36 George Thalben-Ball English Organist and Composer...... 38 Ecumenical Christian Creeds...... 39 Biblical Crossword...... 42

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The Rev. Richard O’Brien

Caring for our Animals

During this year I have been conscious that we experience grief in many aspects of life. Losing loved ones: parents, grandparents, friends who have been ill and who have died, perhaps a changed health situation, loss of independence, difficult family circumstances; the sense of loss that we feel can be profound; including the loss of pets. In the book of Proverbs there is a verse that shows the wisdom of looking after our animals. Proverbs 12:10 says “Whoever is righteous has care for the needs of their animals.” We are to be kind to our animals. Deuteronomy 25:4 requires that farmers “not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.” Farmers would often use oxen to sever the grain from the stalks, and they would put a muzzle on the animals so that they didn’t eat any of the grain and thereby diminish the farmer’s profits. But here the wise farmer shares the grain with the animals and in doing so the farmer is showing his care and kindness to the animals. Animals were not to be exploited to maximise profits. And this care and kindness extends to the whole world, to every living thing and animal. God has entrusted us with the care of his creation and this should be the lifestyle of believers. This is a part of being wise. So when one of our pets dies it is sad. We give thanks to God for his creation and pray for wisdom to look after our animals. Our family pet is a golden retriever dog. His name is Storm. Some of our friends have asked us, “Why did you call him ‘Storm’? He seems more of a drizzle than a Storm!”’ And yes he is, but when we come home to his wagging tail, his gorgeous big smile, when I take him Storm, a much loved member of the O’Brien family for walks, it is marvellous that God made all

P AGE 1 T HE L EAFLET --- April 2019 creatures great and small. Animals put a smile on our faces. And yes when they die we are sad. Jesus watches over all of His creation. Let us praise God that He made ALL creatures great and small and let us treat them with care and kindness. Yours sincerely Richard

The Date Of Easter – A Moveable Feast

The ‘moveable feast’ of Easter has been a matter of discussion and controversy, dating back to the 2nd century AD. The first Council of Nicaea, held in 325AD, established two rules: the independence of the Jewish calendar, and uniformity throughout the world. However no details for the calculation of the date of Easter were specified. Over the following centuries some consensus was reached in Western Christian churches, resulting in current practice. At present Easter falls on the first Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox (northern hemisphere) or autumnal equinox (southern hemisphere) which occurs at about 21st March. Easter Day can therefore fall on any Sunday between 22nd March and 25th April. Easter is usually celebrated on a later date in Eastern churches. There is at present a move to fix the date of Easter, so that it would fall on the same Sunday every year. This was suggested in 2016 by the Archbishop of Canterbury, The Most Rev. Justin Welby. He said that Anglican leaders had voted to join discussions with the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches, in order to set an annual fixed date, most likely for the second or third Sunday in April. Several proposals for a change of the Easter date occurred in the 20th century, the first in 1923, then in 1997, and more recently in 2008-2009; none were implemented We will follow with interest the latest efforts in this direction. Whatever the outcome, Holy Week, Good Friday and Easter Day remain the most important dates for celebration in the Christian calendar.

References: The Telegraph, U.K. , 16th January 2016. ‘Easter date to be fixed ‘within next five to 10 years’’, by John Bingham and Sophie Jamieson. Wikipedia. Easter. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easter Wikipedia. Reform of the date of Easter. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refom_of_the_date_of_Easter Adapted from an article from The Leaflet, April 2017.

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The Mount Macedon Memorial Cross

Considered Victoria’s most significant war memorial after the Shrine of Remembrance in Melbourne, the Mount Macedon Memorial Cross was dedicated in 1935 to honour the Australian service people killed in the First World War. Today the reserve surrounding the Cross commemorates all those who served in wars and conflicts. The Cross is also known as the Cameron Memorial Cross. The small town of Mount Macedon is situated 64 kilometres north-west of Melbourne, below a mountain of the same name which rises to 1.001 metres. The view from the mountain top takes in Melbourne, the Dandenong Ranges, and the You Yangs near Geelong. The town is well known for its collection of 19th century gardens and The Mount Macedon Memorial Cross. large houses, and was established by Melbourne’s wealthy elite as a summer retreat following the gold rush era. The Ash Wednesday bushfires of 1983 devastated much of the area, however the forests and gardens have shown remarkable regeneration since that time. The Mount Macedon Memorial Cross was built through the vision and generosity of William Cameron. He and his wife Katie purchased the Mount Macedon property ‘Rahiri’, which he later named ‘Cameron Lodge’, in 1916. William, the youngest son of five children, was born in Petersburg, Virginia, USA in 1868. The Cameron family had moved to the USA from Inverness-shire, Scotland, and had many business interests there, including tobacco. In 1890 William took up a position with the Australasian Tobacco Company, later becoming Chairman of Directors. He spent summers at Cameron Lodge, and winters in Melbourne at Cliveden Mansions, now the site of a major hotel in East Melbourne. He and Katie, who were married for 53 years, had no children. The reason for Cameron’s decision to build a Memorial Cross on Mount Macedon is not known. However he had two objectives: to recognise the contribution of

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Australia to the First World War, and to provide work for the unemployed during a period of deep economic depression. The application to build the Cross was approved in 1932, when the work of construction began, being completed in 1934. The foundation of the Cross was made of steel and concrete. The structure itself consisted of a 19.2 metre high steel frame set in the concrete foundation, and faced with glazed precast cement blocks with colour and texture designed to resemble Hawkesbury sandstone. On the south-eastern side of the Cross, facing Melbourne, was mounted a cast bronze Crusader’s sword of about 7.6 metres in length. The Premier of Victoria officially dedicated the Memorial Cross on 16th March 1935. A report Memorial Cross – unveiling at Mount Macedon in the ’Chronicle’ (Adelaide) of 21st March in 1935. Credit: Collection of Down family 1935, gives the following account of photographs. State Library of Victoria. the ceremony: ‘On the highest point of Mount Macedon about 400 persons gathered in a bitter wind and wintry rain on Saturday afternoon around the base of a great memorial cross which was dedicated by the Premier (Sir Stanley Argyle) to the glory of God and to the memory of Australia’s gallant soldiers who laid down their lives in the Great War. The cross of stone and the two and a half miles of road leading up the mountain cost £10,000, all of which, except about £200, which was contributed by the Gisborne Shire, was paid by Mr. W. Cameron, of Cameron Lodge, Macedon. Seventy feet in height, with a plinth 14 feet in width, the cross rests on a circular base 30 feet in diameter. The pale yellow stone, in relief against the sombre color of the dense bush, is conspicuous for miles across the plains 2,000 feet below. On two sides of the cross great swords in relief point towards the ground. About the circular base are trim lawns, shrubs and seated recesses in rock.’ The inscription on the front of the monument read: ‘TO THE GLORY OF GOD AND IN MEMORY OF AUSTRALIA’S SONS 1914-1918’. ‘Death Cannot Rob Them Of Their Glory, Nor Time Efface The Memory of Their Gallant Deeds’.

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Cameron Lodge, Mount Macedon, 1983. Credit: J.T. Collins Collection, La Trobe Picture Collection, State Library of Victoria. The Memorial Cross received considerable publicity on its completion and dedication, resulting in ever increasing numbers of visitors. Mr Cameron realised that improvements were needed to the rough track leading to the Cross from the Mount Macedon-Woodend Road. He bore the total cost of the 4.8 kilometres of bitumen road, thus providing good access to the vicinity of the Cross for vehicles. Ornamental trees and shrubs were planted in the reserve around the Cross, which also contained attractive native vegetation. The ceremony for the opening of the road, named Cameron Drive, was performed by the Governor of Victoria, Sir Winston Dugan, in February 1941. Over the years that followed time and the forces of nature took their toll on the original Cross which was located in such an exposed position. It was struck by lightning on several occasions including a strike in 1975 which damaged the top of the Cross. Water leaked into its internal steel structure which was weakened and was ultimately considered to be at risk of collapsing. The fires of Ash Wednesday in 1983 caused some further problems,, and enormous damage to the gardens and vegetation around the monument. Much planning went into consideration for the repair of the Cross. A public appeal was launched on Anzac Day in 1994, when a very special service was held at the

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Cross. By Remembrance Day that year funds were still well short of the amount required for extensive repairs. At this time the Grollo brothers Bruno and Rino and their families offered to dismantle the old Cross and to build a new one on the site, to the same general specifications, at their own expense. All aspects were carefully worked through and, by March 1995, plans were improved for a new Cross with modifications The Memorial Plaque to those who died in World War 2, Mount to the framework which would Macedon Memorial Cross Reserve; one of many memorial ensure that it was more durable plaques in the reserve. than the original. The old one was dismantled and the new Cross constructed by the Grollo team. The dedication of the new Memorial Cross took place on 19th November 1995 when the commemorative plaque was unveiled by the Governor of Victoria, Mr Richard McGarvie AC. The reconstruction of the Memorial Reserve was also undertaken, this completing the restoration of the whole area. This reserve contains a number of memorials to those who have served in wars and conflicts over the years since the First World War. The Mount Macedon Memorial Cross is listed on the Register of the National Estate (Place ID 18206) and the Victorian Heritage Register (Number H1027). It is considered important for spiritual, symbolic, cultural and social reasons. A dawn service at the Memorial Cross is held.annually.

References: Australian Heritage Database: Cameron Memorial Cross, Cameron Drive, Mount Macedon, Vic, Australia. http://www. environment.gov.au/heritage/publications/australian-heritage-database Monument Australia: Mount Macedon Memorial Cross. http://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/multiple/ display/32763-mount-macedon-memorial-cross Moulds, F. R. and M. J. Burns. The Old and the New: The Story of the Mount Macedon Memorial Cross. Designed by Inprint Design, printed by Flexiforce Creations, Victoria, undated. Wikipedia: Mount Macedon, Victoria. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Macedon,_Victoria Wikipedia: Mount Macedon Memorial Cross. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Macedon_Memorial_Cross

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Stewart Banks

Elder Emeritus

Our warm congratulations to Stewart Banks, who has now been recognised as Elder Emeritus.

Stewart’s ordination as an elder in 1968 with 50 years of continuing service since that time was recognised at the worship service of Holy Communion on 3rd June 2018. At the service a presentation of a framed certificate acknowledging Stewart’s achievement was presented by the Rev. Douglas Robertson.

Stewart was born and spent his childhood years in Stromness, on the largest of the Orkney Islands, called Mainland. He grew up in a family strong in the Presbyterian tradition, progressing through Sunday school and Bible Class. He joined the church in Stromness in 1949, and was later invited to become an elder, being ordained and inducted in June 1968.

Stewart and Nancy married in 1957, and migrated to Australia in 1969 with their children Norman and Grace. They regarded themselves as most fortunate to be sponsored by the West Hawthorn Presbyterian Church. Stewart was appointed an elder at West Hawthorn in 1971, where they remained until they moved to Waverley in 1988. Friends Dr Ron Steen and his wife, Eline, whom they had met through the Orkney-Shetland Association, of which he was Treasurer and then President for many years, invited them to Scots’ Church to hear Rev Ian Pitt-Watson, the Turnbull Trust Preacher visiting at that time. The Steens and Pitt-Watsons were friends from the days when both men had studied at the University of Aberdeen. Rev Pitt-Watson had married Ron and Eline, and Ron had delivered the Pitt-Watson’s first baby. Stewart and Nancy felt immediately at home at Scots’, and have been members ever since.

Stewart has been an elder at Scots’ since 1993, and both he and Nancy have been deeply involved in many ways over the years. Stewart was a member of the vacancy committees that resulted in the appointment of Rev Jack Pilgrim and, more recently, through faith and prayer, the Rev Douglas Robertson as Senior Ministers.

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Both he and Nancy continue to be involved and faithful members of Scots’ Church. Nancy has had serious health issues in recent times, and Stewart has been a tower of strength to her through this difficult period for them both.

Our best wishes are extended to Stewart and Nancy. The town of Stromness, Orkney Islands. The parish church is just left of centre. Credit: Geoff Wong, 2009, Creative Commons.

Farewell To Elder

Remo Prinsloo

We were sorry to hear that Remo and Natasha Prinsloo, together with Liv, have moved from Scots’ Church and are now worshipping at Donvale Presbyterian Church. Remo and Natasha Prinsloo were both born in Pretoria, South Africa, first becoming friends in their early teenage years and marrying about eight years later in 1998. They moved to Australia some nineteen years ago. Their families are all back in South Africa, so they try to visit as frequently as possible. Remo and Natasha were both baptised, raised and married in the Dutch Reformed Church in South Africa. Both their parents and grandparents served as elders and deacons, so there is a long history of family involvement with the church. When they came to Melbourne and found Scots’ Church, they immediately felt at home. Remo was elected to the Board of Management in 2007, and was ordained as an elder in 2014. Our thanks to Remo and Natasha for the faithful contribution they have made to the life of Scots’ Church and to Remo for his service as an elder. We wish Remo, Natasha and Liv well as they continue to contribute to the work of the church in Donvale.

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Plants of the Bible

Coriander

There are two references to coriander (Coriandrum sativum) in the Bible. Both occur in the Old Testament, where manna was likened to coriander. Manna was an edible substance which God provided for the Israelites during the forty-year period they were in the desert following the Exodus from Egypt and prior to reaching the land of Canaan. In Exodus 16:31 manna was described as being white like Coriander flowers. Credit: H. Zell, 2009, Creative Commons coriander seed, with a taste of wafers made with honey. In Numbers 11:7 manna resembled coriander seed and looked like resin. The exact nature of manna is not known, although biblical scholars have proposed a number of possibilities. Coriander does not grow in the desert, and in modern times has brown rather than white seeds that are technically fruits. Regardless of its questionable association with manna, coriander would have been well known as an herb throughout biblical times. Coriander is an annual herb of the carrot family. A soft plant growing to about 50 centimetres tall, its Botanical illustration of Coriandrum sativum. leaves vary in shape and are deeply Credit: Franz Eugen Kohler, 1897. Public Domain

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incised. The white or pale pink flowers are borne in small umbels (clusters of flowers with small stalks) and the fruit is globular, about three to five millimetres in diameter. All parts of the plant are edible and have a strong odour. The fresh leaves and dried seeds are the parts most commonly used in cooking. Most people taste coriander leaves as a tart lemon/lime characteristic flavour, but to a small group of about four to fourteen percent of people, the leaves taste like bath soap. This is due to a genetic characteristic in some people that allows them to detect aldehyde chemicals in coriander that are also present in soap. Native to Israel, where is commonly occurs Coriander growing in Botanical Gardens, Karlsruhe, Germany. Credit: H. Zell, 2009, as a weed amongst winter crops, coriander Creative Common is found growing from northern Africa and southern Europe to south eastern Asia. It has been cultivated since ancient times. This plant is still widely grown around the world, and is highly valued as an herb and spice in cooking.

References: Bible Dictionary: Coriander Definition and Meaning. https:// www.biblestudytools.com/dictionary/coriander/ Old Dominion University – Plants of the Bible: Coriander. http://ww2.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/bible/coriander.php Coriander seeds. Credit: H. Zell, 2009, Wikipedia: Coriander. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriander Creative Commons. Wikipedia: Manna. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manna Zohary, Michael. Plants of the Bible. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1982.

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Foundation Day 2019

The congregations of Scots’ Church, the Indonesian Christian Church and St. Stephen’s, Flemington all combined for a wonderful worship service to celebrate our 181st Foundation Day anniversary on Sunday 3rd February 2019. Members from each congregation participated in the service, along with the Scots’ Church Choir. The service was conducted by the Rev. Richard O’Brien and the Rev. Christian Tirtha. The The combined worship service on Foundation Day Indonesian Christian Church Choir and St. Stephen’s Choir and congregation both led the singing of hymns, and the Scots’ Church Choir sang the glorious anthem, ‘Coronation Gloria in B flat’ by Charles Villiers Stanford. The sermon, preached by the Rev. O’Brien, was titled ‘The Great “I Am”’. The bagpipes, played prior to, and following the service, by Anna Blanch, a student at the Presbyterian Ladies College, provided a special air to the occasion. Following the worship service all were invited to join together for lunch in the Robert White Hall. All enjoyed the fellowship and the wonderful variety of food provided by members of the congregations. The guest speaker at the luncheon was Dr Elizabeth Lewis, a member of Scots’, who was Australia’s first female neurosurgeon. In her speech Dr Lewis challenged all to reflect on their contribution to the church and to its work in the wider community. She began by providing an overview of her background, as a child of parents with roots in the United Kingdom. She grew up in the Presbyterian tradition and was educated at the Presbyterian Ladies’ College. After completing her medical degree at the University of Melbourne, Dr Lewis worked in London, Cambridge and in John O’ Groats at the north tip of Scotland in a practice that looked after the household of the Castle of Mey when the Queen Mother was in residence,

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On her return to Melbourne Dr Lewis worked at the Queen Victoria and Royal Children’s Hospitals as a neurosurgeon, later moving to Clayton when the Queen Victoria Medical Centre joined with Prince Henry’s and Moorabbin Hospitals to become Monash Medical Centre. The focus of the speech moved to the founding of Scots’ Church in early Melbourne, when the Rev James Clow, with his wife and six children, arrived Fellowship over lunch was enjoyed by all here on Christmas Day in 1837. He had hoped to be the first Presbyterian minister here, but the Rev James Forbes filled that position. Clow became influential in the colony, including the founding of the Mechanics Institute. The ministers and their wives took some time to settle to the major changes they experienced in the way of life and the climate. However they were active in founding schools and hospitals. In concluding her talk, Dr Lewis reflected on the enormous changes that have occurred in Melbourne since those early days, and the need to ensure that we do not become complacent and inward looking as we enjoy the benefits of our lives at Scots’ and beyond. As a church we already reach out in many ways, for example the Piper Anna Blanch, a student at the Presbyterian Presbyterian/Scots’ Church Joint Mission Ladies’ College at Flemington, the Outreach Committee, and the Street Pastors initiative. She challenged all to look at ways each can improve the lives of those around us and make a difference, maybe just for one or two people, who then come to understand the love of God. The Rev O’Brien thanked Dr Lewis on behalf of all present.

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News from the Australian Chamber Choir

Australian Chamber Choir members, 2019

In July this year, Douglas Lawrence and Liz Anderson will travel with members of the Australian Chamber Choir on a concert tour of Europe. They perform in St Martin-in-the-Fields London, Copenhagen, Hannover, Bonn, Darmstadt, Stuttgart and Tübingen and sing for services in Notre Dame Paris (on Bastille Day), Kaiser Wilhelm Memorial Church and Berlin Cathedral. They invite music lovers to travel with the choir. With a limit of thirty accompanying travellers, they still have room for three passengers. Liz has designed an itinerary for the Friends group in cooperation with the choir’s travel agents and Pega DMC Germany. She explains “The first stop is Ribe, the oldest town in Denmark, where we stay for two nights. Our Friends stay in the historic Hotel Dagmar, constructed in 1581 and once the home of Ribe’s Lord Mayor. Those who are interested are invited to have a sing with us before dinner, just for fun. At sunset, we will follow Ribe’s night watchman around the cobblestoned streets. Ribe has employed a night watchman continuously since the 14th century, with the exception of the short period from 1902 to 1935. Originally, the night watchman would have played an important role in spreading the town’s news. These days, he tells stories of Ribe’s colourful past and if you’re lucky, he will sing you a Norse folk song. The next morning, we sing a Matinee

P AGE 13 T HE L EAFLET --- April 2019 concert in Ribe’s Cathedral on the market square. The afternoon is free to visit the Viking Museum, browse Ribe’s most recent archeological dig, wander the portside, or just sit and watch the passers by. Everything in Ribe is a short walk from your hotel. In the evening, we celebrate the ACC’s twelfth birthday, with an archetypal Danish smorgasbord”. In Hannover, the choir is hosted by local choir, Capella St Crucis. But you don’t need to travel to Hannover to hear this award winning choir. Capella St Crucis will pay a visit to Scots on Sunday 14 April. In a free concert at 3pm, Capella St Crucis, along with the Scots’ Church Choir and the Australian Chamber Choir will sing Widor’s Mass for Two Choirs and Two organs, directed by Florian Lohmann. With eighty singers at the front of the church and twenty in the gallery, the concept of surround sound takes on new meaning! At the conclusion of the concert, there will be a collection to assist Capella Saint Crucis with their travel expenses. Elizabeth Anderson Read more about the ACC’s tour at www.AusChoir.org/tours

Capella St Crucis, Hannover joins the Australian Chamber Choir and the Scots’ Church Choir for Widor’s Messe Solennelle . For two choirs and two organs, directed by Florian Lohmann

Media Vita – In the Midst of Our lives Florian Lohmann directs Capella St Crucis in, JS Bach’s Komm Jesu komm, Felix Mendelssohn’s Mitten wir im Leben sind, Max Reger’s O Tod and James Macmillan’s Miserere.

The Scots’ Church Sunday 14 April at 3pm Free entry | Donation requested | No pre-booking needed www.auschoir.org/capella

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Easter Music At Scots ’

Monday 15 April at 1.00pm Two Bach Solo Cantatas Bass – Oliver Mann and a Baroque ensemble Organist – Ria Angelika Polo

Tuesday 16 April at 1.00 pm Forqueray, Marais and d’Anglebert Elizabeth Anderson – organ and harpsichord, Reidun Turner viola da gamba

Wednesday 17 April at 12.30 pm Organ Music for Passiontide: Douglas Lawrence plays Buxtehude, Bach, Langlais and Messiaen

Thursday 18 April at 1.00 pm Faure’s Pie Jesu and a Cantata by Buxtehude Soprano – Elspeth Bawden, Ensemble led by Elizabeth Welsh

Good Friday 19 April at 7.30 pm. JS Bach – The Mass in B Minor Scots’ Church Choir, Amelia Jones, Elspeth Bawden, Ailsa Webb, Elizabeth Anderson, Timothy Reynolds, Oliver Mann, Melbourne Baroque Orchestra led by Elizabeth Welsh, directed by Douglas Lawrence

All the above concerts are free of charge.

The Hidden Message: Kingdom of God of Kingdom Message: Hidden The

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William Taylor – Trustee

William Taylor (1818 – 1903) was a pastoralist. Born in Glasgow, Scotland, the son of a merchant he was educated at Glasgow High School and had begun a mercantile career when he decided to migrate. He arrived in Port Phillip in 1840 and purchased a sheep run on the Moorabool River, 32 km from Geelong. In 1844 he and Dugald McPherson took up 206,000 acres in the Wimmera with 33,000 sheep. Later they subdivided the land and Taylor’s portion was known as Longerenong. William Taylor bought Overnewton at Keilor in 1849 and that year married Helen Fisken, sister of Archibald (who would become a Trustee of Scots’ Church). They named their house after a locality near Glasgow. They built a six room colonial style homestead and ten years later enlarged the home considerably. Water came from nearby Taylors Creek (named after him). This in turn gave name to William Taylor circa 1870. Credit: the suburbs of Taylors Lakes and Taylors Hill. Photographer unknown, Public Domain Taylor retained the lease on Longerenong until 1856 when he sold it to Sir Samuel Wilson and returned to Britain for three years. In 1861 he bought a station on the Murray River at Euston and had interests in several stations in New South Wales. In 1847 William Taylor was appointed a magistrate and from 1854-56 was the member for Wimmera in the Legislative Council. He contested Creswick in the Legislative Assembly in 1859 and in 1864 was elected for Southern Province to the council; he did not seek re-election in 1866. Elected to the Keilor District Road Board he became chairman and president of the Shire Council. He owned many Melbourne and country town blocks and his town residence was in Grey Street, East Melbourne. William Taylor was first mentioned in church reports in 1879 when he was appointed to a committee to devise a financial scheme to overcome the debt associated with

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Overnewton Castle in 1887. Credit: Mary Maud Sumner, Public Domain the building of the present church. He was appointed a Trustee of the Scots’ Church in the 1880’s, a position he held until failing health compelled him to resign shortly before his death. At one time he was Chairman of the Presbyterian Ladies’ College and was appointed to the Council of Ormond College in 1880, where he gifted £200 and endowed a scholarship for three years. He died at Overnewton and was survived by his wife and six sons and four daughters. Dr Alexander Marshall in his eulogy for William Taylor said, “By the death of Mr William Taylor our country is bereft of an old and honoured pioneer and patriotic citizen, as our Church is deprived of a generous supporter and an esteemed member.”

Judith Kilmartin

References: Australian Dictionary of Biography. Wikipedia.org The Scots’ Church Annual Reports. The Scots’ Church Leaflet August 1903.

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Scots’ Church Melbourne PWMU Program For 2019

APRIL Speaker: Mairi Robertson will speak on both her Wednesday 10th, 10.30am internships with the United Nations in New York Robert White Hall and with UNICEF in Madagascar.

MAY Speakers: John and Susan Steendam will talk Wednesday 8th, 10.30am about Susan’s work in the prisons in Malawi and Robert White Hall John will give a brief overview of ORBUS where he worked for ten years from 2008 - 2018

JUNE Guided tour of State Parliament by The Hon Wednesday 12th, 2pm Matthew Guy MLA for Bulleen. State Parliament.

AUGUST (Thanksgiving month) Wednesday 14th, 10.30am Speakers: Rob and Teresa Paix who will share their Robert White Hall stories as missionaries with Pioneers.

SEPTEMBER Speaker: Rev Matthew James, Chaplain, Kirkbrae Wednesday 11th, 10.30am Presbyterian Homes. Robert White Hall

OCTOBER NO REGULAR MEETING. State meeting 10th Oct Wednesday 9th at 10.00am in the Robert White Hall.

NOVEMBER Annual General Meeting Wednesday 13th.10.30am Speaker: Rev. Richard O’Brien Robert White Hall (Minister to the CBD.)

Margaret Lowe (Secretary)

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Special Stained Glass Windows

As you come through the Russell Street entrance into the vestibule of the church, take a few moments to appreciate the stained glass windows and mosaic there. They are the newest in the church, and were created by Alan Sumner, a notable Melbourne artist. They were installed and dedicated in 1963. The mosaic, which depicts the resurrection of Jesus, honours those who served in the two world wars. The modern stained glass window above the mosaic depicts the gift of the Holy Spirit, and is dedicated to the memory of the fallen of the two world wars. Alan Sumner, 1993 by Francis Reiss. Collection of the The two small windows below depict National Portrait Gallery, Canberra. https://www. the crests of Royal Australian Navy and portrait.gov.au/portraits/2004.34/alan-sumner/ Australian Military Forces on the left, and the Royal Australian Air Force and the Australian Red Cross on the right. The plaque associated with these works states: ‘To the glory of God and in remembrance of those in this congregation who served in the two world wars, these windows and wall mosaic were unveiled by Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II in the presence of His Royal Highness, The mosaic depicting the resurrection of Jesus. The Duke of Edinburgh and the Right Honourable R. G. Menzies, Prime Minister of Australia, and dedicated by the Right Rev. Nevile Davidson, Moderator of the Church of Scotland at the 125th Anniversary Service conducted by the Rev. A. Crichton Barr, Minister of The Scots’ Church, 24th February 1963.’

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Not satisfied with the mosaic in its original form, Sumner took it back to his studio. There he corrected the perceived imperfections, enlarged it and reinstalled it later in 1963. This fine work of art contains up to 50,000 pieces of Italian mosaic tiles. The left window shows the crests of the Royal Australian Navy and Alan Sumner (1911 – 1994) was the Australian Military Forces, and the right window the Royal Australian Air Force and the Australian Red Cross a painter, stained glass window designer, printmaker and teacher. After studying design in Melbourne in the 1930s he travelled to Europe and the United Kingdom where he furthered his training. On his return to Melbourne he began as a stained glass assistant to William Frater, an early modernist painter. He worked at Brooks, Robinson and Co., Melbourne and later with E. L. Yencken and Co., setting up his own studio when Yencken’s works closed at the beginning of World War 2. Frater was the artist who designed the pair of windows depicting the parables of the treasure in the field and the pearl of great price, in the south aisle of Scots’ Church. From 1947 to 1950 Sumner taught painting at the National Gallery of Victoria School, where he was the Director for nine years from 1953. During his career he completed approximately 100 commissions for stained glass windows in Melbourne and internationally. A very versatile artist, he was able to blend modernist painting principles with traditional stained glass methods. He was a member of the Victorian Artists Society, and was awarded a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for services to the arts.

References: National Portrait Gallery: Alan Sumner MBE (1911-1994). https://www. The gift of the Holy Spirit is depicted in this portrait.gov.au/people/alan-sumner-1911 window The Scots’ Church Melbourne, The Stories in Stained Glass, MaddingCrowd Publishing, Melbourne, 2011. The Scots’ Church Melbourne, War Memorials and Memorabilia. March 2015. Ward, Rowland S. ‘The Scots’ Church, Melbourne: A Story of 175 Years 1838 – 2013’. Australian Scholarly Press, North Melbourne, 2014.

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Victorian Presbyterian Churches Past and Present Buninyong Presbyterian Church (Now Uniting)

The first European settlers in the Buninyong district were two young brothers, Thomas and Somerville Learmonth, whose family came originally from Stirlingshire, Scotland. They took up the Buninyong run in 1838, also the Ercildoun run west of Ballarat. Together with their immediate neighbours, who were also Scottish, they Buninyong Uniting Church. Credit: Mattinbgn, 2008. held firmly to their Presbyterian Creative Commons. faith. In 1847 the settlers called their first minister, the Rev. Thomas Hastie, to the new Presbyterian parish of Buninyong and Shelford. The first church, built of slab and plaster, opened for worship in June 1847. It was used as a school during the week and a church on Sundays. Hastie and his wife and young family lived with George Russell at ‘Golf Hill’ while the church and manse were being built. The town of Buninyong is situated 11 kilometres south of Ballarat and 97 kilometres north-west of Melbourne. The site of the first inland town proclaimed in Victoria, it is the place where gold was first discovered in the area, leading to the major gold rush of the 1850s. At this time it was already established as a major pastoral community. The town’s wide streets reflected planning with the expectation of further growth, however with the gold rush the town became a small pastoral settlement as the population moved elsewhere. The importance of education was an early focus for Hastie and the Scottish settlers, and soon after the church had been completed and paid for, the Learmonth brothers and Hastie initiated the setting up of the Buninyong Bush Boarding School, the first of its kind in inland Australia. They believed that education was essential for all children,

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and a scholarship scheme supported financially by settlers allowed children of workers to board at the school. Children came from as far as the Wimmera to attend the school. Hastie was most supportive, and found a good teacher for the school. However the teacher was lured away by the discovery of gold in 1851 and left the school. Hastie and his wife looked Buninyong Presbyterian Church in the 1950s. Credit: Rose Stereograph Series (c. 1920 – 1954). State Library of Victoria. after the school until another teacher was found. Later Hastie used the school to set up an orphanage for children whose parents had died on the goldfields. In 1859 the new Presbyterian church building was commissioned by the Scottish settlers including the Scott family. Designed by Benjamin Backhouse of Geelong, it was constructed of brick and slate by local builder Richard Rennie. The foundation stone was laid on 27th March 1860 by the oldest resident in the district, Mrs Celia Scott of ‘Mount Boninyong’. The first worship service in the new building was held on 26th August 1860. Some 90 years later, in the 1950s, the building was covered with roughcast and plaster. Hastie was appointed moderator of the Victorian Assembly in 1865, a great honour. The school he had established continued until 1872, when the Education Act was introduced in Victoria. At this time the school combined with the Anglican school to become Buninyong State School. Hastie continued serving for many years in the Buninyong district, and was instrumental in establishing a number of churches and schools in small communities in the surrounding districts. He retired in 1891 at 78 years of age, having served in the ministry for 44 years. He died at Buninyong in 1898, followed by his wife Jane in 1901. They had seven children, three of whom died in childhood. One daughter married Hastie’s assistant, the couple later becoming missionaries in Korea.

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The Buninyong Church has a number of beautiful stained glass windows. Two of these recognise the contribution of the Scott family, one being made by James Ballantyne and Co. in Edinburgh in 1891, and the other by Yencken of Melbourne and designed by a Mr Harness in 1900. Another window, also The town of Buninyong. Credit: Mattinbgn 2008. dating to 1900, was installed Creative Commons. in honour of Mr Hastie and his ministry. A window added in 1982 recognised the contribution of Pastor Stuart Davies, a lay preacher at the church for over 50 years. The Presbyterian and Methodist churches combined in 1971 to form the Buninyong United Church. This church became part of the Uniting Church in Australia in 1977. It continues to actively serve the community of Buninyong.

References: Buninyong and District Historical Society. ‘Buninyong Uniting Church’ by Anne Beggs Sunter, 2013. http://home.vicnet. net.au/~buninhist/unitingchurch.htm Buninyong and District Historical Society Newsletter, June 2014. ‘Little Scotland: Presbyterian Enlightenment and Improvement at Buninyong’. Dr Anne Beggs-Sunter, Art Gallery of Ballarat, 4 June 2014. ‘The Rev. Thomas Hastie’ by Anne Beggs. https://portphillippioneersgroup.org.au/pppg.5do.htm Wikipedia: Buninyong. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buninyong

Sunday 28 April at 3.00 pm at Scots’ Church JS Bach – St John Passion Australian Chamber Choir Timothy Reynolds – Evangelist, Oliver Mann – Pilate, Jerzy Kozlowski – Christ Elspeth Bawden, Ailsa Webb, Elizabeth Anderson, Mitchell Relf Melbourne Baroque Orchestra led by Shane Lestideau Booking recommended www.AusChoir.org/St-John or call 0452 531 750

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Bible Places Malta

The history of Christianity in Malta goes back almost 2,000 years, to the time when Paul the Apostle was shipwrecked on Malta on his way to Rome in AD 60. He was travelling to Rome to be tried as a political rebel, but the ship on which he was a passenger, together with over 270 others, was caught in a violent storm and was

St. Paul’s Island, Malta, the traditional site of the shipwreck. shipwrecked on a small island 50 Credit: Continentaleurope, 2016. Creative Commons. metres off the Maltese coast. The site is traditionally known as St. Paul’s Island. All aboard managed to reach land safely. The story is recorded in The Acts of the Apostles Chapters 27 and 28. The people of Malta showed great kindness and hospitality to the survivors of this disaster, and were most welcoming. While helping to light a fire, Paul was bitten by a poisonous viper but showed no ill effects, and was regarded as a special person by the islanders. During his time there he was invited to the home of Publius, the chief Roman on the island. Publius’ father fell sick with a fever while Paul was there. Paul cured him, and it is recorded that he also cured others of illnesses. According to tradition Publius was converted to Christianity and became the first Bishop of Malta. Malta is a Southern European island country that lies in the Mediterranean Sea 80 kilometres south of Italy, 284 kilometres east of Tunisia and 333 kilometres north of Libya, and has an area of 316 square kilometres. It has a population of about 475,000 and the official languages are Maltese and English. Inhabited since about 5,900 BC, Malta’s central location in the Mediterranean Sea has given it great strategic importance as a naval base. A succession of powers have contested and ruled the island from early times, including Phoenicians, Romans, Greeks, Byzantines, Arabs, Normans, Sicilians, Spanish, Knights of St. John, French and British. Most of these foreign powers have left a mark on the ancient culture of Malta. It became a British colony in 1815, and played an important part in the Allied war effort in World War 2. It was awarded the

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George Cross for bravery, this insignia appearing on the Maltese national flag. It became a republic in 1974, and is a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations. After the rule of Publius as Bishop of Malta for 31 years, there is sparse information about the continuity of Christianity in the following years although, according to tradition, there was a continuous line of bishops to the time of the St. John’s Co-Cathedral, Valletta, Malta, built by Emperor Constantine who ruled from 306 to the Order of St. John in the 16th century. Credit: Radoneme at English Wikipedia, 2005. Creative 337 AD. Commons. Following a period of Byzantine rule from the fourth to the ninth century, an Arab invasion in 870 AD may have left the island depopulated for a time, after which settlers from Sicily came to Malta. In 1091 the Normans conquered the island and ended Muslim rule, and Malta again became Christianised. Religious orders entered Malta at a time of church reform from the early 14th century onwards. The Augustinians were followed by the Benedictines, Dominicans and Carmelites. The Franciscans followed some years later. Wignacourt Aqueduct at Birkirkara, Malta, built by the Order of St. John in the 17th Malta remained part of the Kingdom of Sicily until century to bring water to Valletta. Credit: Continentaleurope, 2016. Creative Commons. 1530, when Charles I of Spain gave Malta in perpetual lease to the Order of Knights of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem. While Malta was under the rule of the Knights of Malta, from the early 16th to the late 18th century, the Grand Master of the order had high status in the Roman Catholic Church. Many of the magnificent churches in Malta date from this period, when religious orders flourished. Catholicism continues to be the official religion in Malta, although all denominations are free to worship according to their own traditions.

References: Maltese History & Heritage: Christianity in Malta. https://vassallohistory.wordpress.com/christianity-in-malta/ Visit Malta: St. Paul in Malta – St. Paul’s Shipwreck. https://www.visitmalta.com/en/st-paul-in-malta Wikipedia: Christianity in Malta. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christianity_in_Malta Wikipedia: Malta https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta

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The Order of Saint John of Jerusalem

The Order of Saint John of Jerusalem has its origins in traditions that can be traced back to the 11th century and has a rich and complex history. Its headquarters were based on Malta for almost 270 years, so its association with that island was long and important. At the time of the Crusades, which continued intermittently for about 200 years, from the late 11th century, poor pilgrims travelling to the Holy Land were given care and assistance by the Knights and Brothers of the Hospital of Saint John, which had The Breast Star of a Knight of Grace of the Order of St. John. Credit: Dave Boven, been founded in Jerusalem. The Order of Saint 2015. Public Domain. John, dedicated to helping the sick and poor, was soon established across Europe. The earliest knights in Britain, members of the Grand Priory of England, established their headquarters in Clerkenwell, London, in 1144. The world headquarters of the Order are still based at the same location, in the ancient Priory buildings of Saint John’s Gate. During the Protestant Reformation in Great Britain the Order’s properties across the country were confiscated. However Catholic priories elsewhere survived, with headquarters in Rhodes, later transferring to the Island of Malta in 1530. They remained there until Napoleon captured the island St. John’s Gate, Clerkenwell, United in 1798, eventually moving to Rome where the Kingdom, Priory of St. John of Jerusalem in 1880, and still the world-wide headquarters of the Sovereign Military Order of headquarters of the Order. Malta remain today. Credit: Henry Dixon photographer, 1880. Public Domain. In the late 1820s, encouraged by some French Knights of Malta, a group of men from England and Scotland established an ecumenical Priory of the Order of Saint John in England. The British Royal Family became interested in this Order in the 1870s and Queen Victoria granted it a Royal Charter as an Order of the British Crown in 1888, following a petition from the Prince of Wales. Since that time the Order of Saint John has continued as a Royal Order of Chivalry, with the monarch as Sovereign Head.

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The badge of the Order of St. John is an eight-pointed Maltese cross embellished in the principal angles alternately with lions and unicorns. There are variations of emblems and robes for each level and office within the Order. The Order has existed in Australia since 1969, and operates within a Charter revised in 1963 under King Peter II of Yugoslavia, who was Grand Master at the time. Miss Rae Anstee (centre) with Miss Ann Robinson (left) and Miss Elizabeth Fearon (right) on the occasion of Commonly referred to as ‘OSJ’, the Order receiving the Order of St. John of Jerusalem. is an international community of Knights and Dames who share a dedication to ideals including: ‘Upholding Christianity, and the Rights of Man as stated in the United Nations Declaration, and a practical expression of these ideals in its practice of Ecumenism and Charity’. (Order of Saint John of Jerusalem: Home page). The objectives and purpose of the order are: ‘To recognise men and women who are distinguished by their origin, education, upbringing, capabilities, integrity, worthy deeds and achievement, and community service. To promote Christian charity by service to our lords the sick and our lords the poor. To adhere to the chivalric tradition of service. To promote social equality.’ (Order of Saint John of Jerusalem: Home page). A broad spectrum of activities organised by members of the Order aid a range of charities and other causes at local, national and international level. Miss Rae Anstee, our Session Clerk for 23 years, was invited to become a Member of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem in 1996, in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the nursing profession.

References : Baden-Powell, Sir Robert. ‘The Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem’. www.theorderofaustralia.asn.au/ quiet_australians/database/extra/estra383.pdf The Order of Saint John of Jerusalem. http://www.osj.org.au/ Wikipedia. Knights Hospitaller. http://en.wikipedia.org.wiki/Knights_Hospitaller Wikipedia. Order of Saint John (chartered 1888). http://en.wikipedia.org.wiki/Order_of_Saint_John_(chartered_1888) Adapted from an article that appeared in The Leaflet of August 2015.

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Some Connections through The Leaflet

From time to time we hear reference to ‘Six degrees of separation’, although there are theories now that the degrees of separation may be five or less. This refers to the idea that The Baltic Simplex Machinery Co., Spotswood in about 1930. Credit: all people are six or less Footscray Historical Society. social connections away from each other. Sometimes The Leaflet provides a connection for people as they read the articles, which cover items related to the church and its ministry, to individuals and their background, and to the broader history of the Scottish migration to Australia, particularly in Victoria. Recently an example of the connections that may occur as people read The Leaflet was provided through Marian Mooney, a member of our congregation. Marian sends a copy of each Leaflet to friends Rob and Lyn Johnson (nee East), who live in Warragul, Victoria. On receiving a copy of the December 2018 issue of The Leaflet, Lyn wrote to Marian regarding two connections. Lyn wrote: ‘On page 7, ‘In Memoriam’ was about Thelma Alexandra McLeod who was my brother Geoff’s sister-in-law. We went to Thelma’s funeral, very Scottish, complete with piper. Then on page 12, within the interview with Beverley Aberline, there is mention of her Danish heritage and her great grandfather, Jorgen Pedersen who started the Baltic Simplex Farm Machinery Company at Spotswood, where I first started work in 1954 for eight weeks before I earned enough money to go back to school (Williamstown High School) to do my intermediate certificate. I will have to add Jorgen Pedersen to our ‘Danes in Australia’ website’’: www.danesinaustralia.org Our thanks to Marian and Lyn for feedback concerning The Leaflet and the interest it may generate.

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Highgate United Reformed Church Celebrates…

The Highgate United Reformed Church, London, celebrates two significant anniversaries this year. The minister, the Rev. David Currie our Assistant Minister for five years until mid-2016, has written about these important events in ‘Outlook’, the church’s newsletter. David writes: ‘As … we move confidently into 2019, I want to thank John Thompson for reminding me that “when a year ends with a ‘9’ then it coincides with a couple of significant anniversaries for our united congregation”- • 160th anniversary of the opening of Pond Square Chapel on 30th April 1859 • 130th anniversary of the Induction of the first Presbyterian minister at Highgate Presbyterian Church in Pond Square Chapel in 1859. Credit: Image courtesy Rev. David Currie. April 1889. 160th Anniversary Quoting directly now from John’s excellent book – “Those who left the Presbyterian meetinghouse in 1782… set up their own chapel and named it ‘Salem’. It was on the west side of Southwood Lane….” However, almost 40 years later, it seems that there was a real will to build a new chapel. It was shortly after the opening of this new chapel in 1822 that “in 1827 the church members constituted themselves The Rev. David and Gwen Currie.

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as a Congregational church”. But it too gradually became too small for the growing congregation. Thirty years later, Josiah Viney became minister in 1857 – “perhaps Highgate’s greatest minister”, allegedly making it “a condition of his coming to Highgate that land be acquired… and a new church built on it”, the building our congregation is still privileged to occupy – opened on 30th April 1859. 130th Anniversary Keeping in mind that this Congregational church united with Highgate Presbyterian church in 1967, we need also to acknowledge our roots in this latter denomination. Again from John’s book – “The Presbytery of London noted as early as 1879 that the growth Highgate United Reformed Church today. of Highgate’s population ‘seemed to require increased church accommodation’… and acquired the site at the junction of Cromwell Avenue and Hornsey Lane.” Highgate Presbyterian Church was opened on 7th October 1887, but its first minister, Alexander Ramsay, was not inducted until April 1889. ‘ Reference: ‘Highgate Dissenters – their history since 1660, by John H. Thompson, 2001.’ Our warm congratulations to David and Gwen Currie, and to the congregation of Pond Square Chapel, and they celebrate these special anniversaries in April 2019. Taken from ‘Outlook’ – Newsletter of Highgate United Reformed Church, London, The interior of the church. February – April 2019.

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The National Anthem

At special services of Scots’ Church, including those held for ANZAC Day and Remembrance Day, the Australian National Anthem and the Royal Anthem are sung as part of the service, in these instances to honour those who fought or died for their country in times of war. A national anthem is usually a patriotic musical composition and recognised as the official national song of a country. The majority are either hymns or marches in style and are usually in the most common language of the country, with a few exceptions. National anthems are used in many contexts including royal visits, national holidays, festivals, sporting Peter Dodds McCormick, the composer of ‘Advance events and religious occasions. Although Australia Fair’. Credit: Creative Commons. national anthems came to prominence in the 19th century, some are much older in origin. The oldest national anthem is that of the Netherlands, written between 1568 and 1572 during the Dutch Revolt, however it did not become the Dutch National Anthem until 1932. From 1788 to 1974, the official national anthem of Australia was ‘God Save the Queen’ (or ‘King’). It is the National Anthem of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as well as being that of countries of the British Empire in the past. The words and tune of ‘God Save the Queen (or King)’ are anonymous, and may date as far back as the 17th century. Its first public performance was in London in 1745, as a patriotic song, following a play at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane. The impetus for this was a burst of patriotic fervour after Prince Charles Edward Stuart, the ‘Young Pretender’ to the British throne, defeated the army of King George II in September 1745, at Prestopans, near Edinburgh. The custom of greeting monarchs with the song as they entered a place of public entertainment soon became a practice. The words, still those of 1745, are traditional and although additional verses have been added over time, these are rarely sung. In Australia, from as early as 1840, competitions were held to find a substitute with an Australian theme. The issue was raised persistently before the 1956 Olympic Games held in Melbourne, but did not progress at that time. The quest for an Australian national

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anthem continued into the 1970s. Following the results of a public opinion poll in 1974, the then Australian Prime Minister Gough Whitlam announced that ‘Advance Australia Fair’ would be the National Anthem, except on Royal occasions, when it would be played together with ‘God Save the Queen’. A change of government in 1976 saw ‘God Save the Queen’ reinstated in conjunction with ‘Advance Australia Fair’. This was followed by a national poll which showed strong support for the new anthem. However it was not until 19th April 1984 that a Royal Proclamation by the then Governor General, Sir Ninian Stephen, stated that the Royal Anthem (‘God Save the Queen’) is to be played where the monarch or a member of the Royal Family is present, though not exclusively Sir Ninian Stephen, who declared in these circumstances. ‘Advance Australia Fair’ ‘Advance Australia Fair’ the national anthem. Credit: gg.gov.au, 20217. was finally declared to be the National Anthem Creative Commons. of Australia. ‘Advance Australia Fair’ was composed in the late 19th century by Scottish born composer Peter Dodds McCormick (1833 – 1916). McCormick was born in Port Glasgow and came to Australia as a young man in 1855. For most of his life he was employed by the New South Wales Education Department, but taught at a Presbyterian school in Wooloomooloo, a suburb of Sydney for about ten years. McCormick was heavily involved in the Presbyterian Church. He joined the choir of the church he attended and his musical ability subsequently led to his appointment as the precentor of the New South Wales Presbyterian Assembly. ‘Advance Australia Fair’ was first performed at a Highland Society function in Sydney on 30th November 1878. It quickly became popular, with an amended version being sung by a choir of about 10,000 at the inauguration of the Commonwealth of Australia on 1st January 1901. It was used on many occasions prior to its adoption, with some modified lyrics, as the national anthem. Originally consisting of four verses, the official version has two verses.

References: Australian Government, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, ‘National Anthem’, http://www.dfat.gov.au/facts/nat_anthem.html Explore Oz: Sunday History Photo: Peter Dodds McCormick. https://www.exploroz.com/forum/110933/sunday-history-photo--au The British Monarchy – official website: National Anthem, www.royal.gov.uk/MonarchUK/Symbols/NationalAnthem.aspx Ward, Rowland S. ‘The Scots’ Church, Melbourne: A Story of 175 Years 1838 – 2013’. Australian Scholarly Press, North Melbourne, 2014. Wikipedia: Advance Australia Fair Wikipedia: God Save the Queen Wikipedia: National Anthems Adapted from an article in The Leaflet, June 2013.

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Word search Acts ChapterAc 28ts Chapter 28 Find the words in the grid. When you are done, the unused for Find the words in the grlettersid. Wh in theen grid yo uwill are spell done out a, hiddenthe unu message.sed le Picktters them in the grid will spell out a hidden message. Pick thoutem from out left fro tom right, left top to line righ to t,bottom top liline.ne Words to bo cantto gom line. Words kidscan go horizontally, vertically and diagonally in all eight directions.. horizontally, vertically(Solution and di agononal pagely 15) in all eight directions.

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From The History Of Scots’ Church Smooth Waters and New Challenges

Chapter Nine of our history, ‘The Scots’ Church, Melbourne: A Story of 175 Years 1838 – 1913’ by Rowland S. Ward focuses on a period of steady development in the church over the final years of the 19th century and into the 20th century. This period also saw challenges in the broader life of Australian society that were to affect the church. During the period until the appointment of the next permanent minister to follow the Rev. Charles Strong at Scots’, several interim preachers filled the pulpit. There is an overview of the background and contribution of the Rev. Cameron Lees,

MA, DD; the Rev. John Elmslie, MA; and the The Rev. A. Marshall, the new paster of The Scots’ Rev. Dr. J. Marshall Lang, DD. Each of these Church, Melbourne. Wood engraving by Samuel Calvert. Credit: Illustrated Australian News, ministers contributed to the development David Syme and Co., April 28, 1888. State Library of Scots’ Church. of Victoria. The fourth minister of Scots’ Church was the Rev. Alexander Marshall, who held the position from 1888 to 1924. Marshall was highly regarded in the Presbyterian Church and in the wider Melbourne community. He brought stability to Scots’ following a period of turmoil in the early 1880s. Melbourne was flourishing in the early years of Marshall’s ministry. An overview of some of the relevant aspects of the city’s development shed light on the bigger picture. The difficulties brought about by the depression of the 1890s, with the impact of these on the church, are also discussed. The work of Miss Selina Sutherland with neglected children and the lively issues that arose are well described, and provide an insight into the changes in the organisation of aid to children that occurred over a period of years.

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The Commonwealth of Australia was constituted on 1st January 1901. The Presbyterian Church of Australia was constituted just over six months later, on 24th July 1901. An account of the process leading to this is covered in the chapter. It was in 1912 that the Australian Inland Mission came into being, as a result of the foresight and leadership of the Rev. John Flynn. The chapter concludes with reference to the theology of Marshall, and an account of his final days at Scots’.

Scots’ Church Melbourne in 1896. Clockwise from left: exterior of church; pulpit; organ; interior of church. Inset: Rev. A. Marshall. Credit: Illustrated Australian News, David Syme and Co., June 1, 1896. State Library of Victoria.

The content of this chapter encourages reflection on Scots’ Church and its congregation in the context of the changes occurring in broader society at over the period, and makes interesting reading.

Reference: Ward, Rowland S. ‘The Scots’ Church, Melbourne: A Story of 175 Years 1838 – 2013’. Australian Scholarly Press, North Melbourne, 2014.

John Flynn as a young man, circa 1900 – 1910. He founded the Australian Inland Mission in 1912. Credit: Source unknown, Public Domain.

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Ronald William Johnston 31st October 1927 – 15th January 2019

Ron was born in Melbourne and grew up in the Moonee Ponds area, attending the Methodist church as a child, where the Sunday school at the time had more than three hundred children. The youngest of four children, Ron’s only sister died in infancy. As Ron and his brothers grew up they were active in church life, including cricket, hockey and tennis teams, and they also enjoyed social activities with their church friends. Ron was still at school and completing his secondary education at Essendon High School during the early war years. His two older brothers both served in the Armed Forces, the eldest in New Guinea during World War II and the other brother in the Royal Australian Navy. His first employment was as an office clerk at Henderson’s Spring Works, this company producing parts for tanks and war vehicles at that time. Ron continued his education, studying accounting at night school to improve his work opportunities. After the war ended, Ron worked as an accountant at a food product company, and then moved to Marfleet and Weight Limited, where he took a position as an assistant accountant. He later became company secretary of A. Challingsworth Pty. Ltd., a subsidiary company of Marfleet and Weight, which manufactured structural steel, and was involved in the construction of major works including the Snowy Mountains Hydro-electric Power Scheme, the Westgate Bridge and various railway bridges. At the time of his retirement many years later, he was employed by Walter Nixon, a member of Scots’ Church, who owned a bus company at Preston, including a fleet of Cobb and Co. Coaches. Ron was honoured to be nominated for membership of the Chartered Institute of Transport; in this role, he attended meetings of various transport companies, with a goal to improve transport systems around Melbourne. Ron met his future wife, Joan, through the church tennis club. They were married in April 1952 at Joan’s church, the Finlay McQueen Memorial Presbyterian Church, East

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Kew. From that time, Ron and Joan worshipped in the Presbyterian Church. They had four sons, and four grandchildren – three boys and one girl. Ron and Joan transferred their membership to Scots’ in 1977, at the time of church union, as the church they had attended was not ‘continuing Presbyterian’. Ron was appointed Secretary to the Board of Management in August 1978, a position he held until February 1982. During this period, Queen Elizabeth II came to Melbourne for a Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM), attending a service at Scots’, after which Ron and Joan were honoured to be amongst those presented to Her Majesty. Ron was inducted as an elder in July 1978, resigning in March 1992. He was re-elected in July 2007. Ron remained an active and interested member of Scots’, supporting the many activities of the church. At the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in October 2018, Ron was presented with a certificate recognising 64 years of service to the Presbyterian Church as an elder, a wonderful achievement. The Rev. David Currie, Assistant Minister at Scots’ who returned to the United Kingdom in mid- 2016, wrote of Ron and Joan that they ‘were a great support to Gwen and I as we settled into a fairly empty apartment in Melbourne…. They were so thoughtful and generous, and Ron was such a gentleman, a staunch supporter of Scots’ Church with a strong faith.’ As a youngster, Ron was involved with music and enjoyed singing as a boy soprano with the Sampford Boys’ Choir in Essendon. Many years later, Ron was encouraged by Val Griffith to join the choir at Scots’ Church, where he sang as a tenor for about five years. He was a member of the choir at the time of the State funeral service for Sir Robert Menzies, at which Prince Charles was present, in May 1978. Ron made a life-long contribution to wider community in many ways. These included membership of the Robert Burns Club of Melbourne, of which he was president from 1989 to 1991, and secretary from 1993 to 1995. He was president of the Camberwell Amnesty International Organisation, a member of the Melbourne Scots, secretary and president of the Balwyn Men’s Probus Club, and a member of the Canterbury Probus Club. Ron was also a member of the Melbourne Cricket Club, and senior vice- president of East Kew Combined Football Club. Ron and Joan enjoyed some wonderful overseas holidays, their first trip being in 1985, which included the United Kingdom, Europe, Scandinavia and Greece. They visited Scotland on three occasions, attending annual Burns Federation World Conferences. A personal achievement for Ron was a climb to the base camp of Mount Everest at over 18,000 feet (5,486 metres), with one of his sons, Glen, and two friends.

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In the early 2000s Ron and Joan decided to sell the family home. They moved to a unit and subsequently went on to live at Applewood Retirement Village. After suffering from increasing ill-health Joan died on 2nd October 2016. Ron continued to live at Applewood but became very frail and spent some weeks in hospital before died on 15th January 2019. A thanksgiving service to celebrate Ron’s life was held at Scots’ Church on 21st January, followed by a private cremation. Our deepest sympathy is extended to Ron’s sons Stephen, David, Glen and Craig and their families, and to Ron’s many friends.

George Thalben-Ball English Organist and Composer

From time to time we enjoy the music of George Thalben-Ball in our worship services at Scots’. George was born of Cornish parents in Sydney, Australia in 1896. He returned to the United Kingdom with his family when he was just four years old. Thalben-Ball studied piano and organ at the Royal College of Music, London from the young age of 14 years. He was later invited to deputise as organist at the Temple Church, London and was appointed organist and director of the Temple Church choir in 1923, Temple Church organ, London holding this position for nearly 60 years. UK. Credit: Diliff, Wikimedia Commons. A composer of numerous anthems and organ works, Thalben-Ball is best known for his Elegy for organ which was played at the funeral of Diana, Princess of wales. He was a regular broadcaster for the BBC and gave frequent organ recitals at many venues. Thalben-Ball was appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in 1967 and was knighted in 1982 immediately following his retirement from the Temple Church. He died in 1987. Reference: Wikipedia. George Thalben-Ball. http://www.thefullwiki.org/George_Thalben-Ball

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Ecumenical Christian Creeds

The early creeds of the Christian church are called ecumenical creeds, as they were widely used prior to the permanent split of the church into Eastern (Orthodox) and Western (Roman) branches in 1054 AD. There were many creeds developed later, reflecting more specialised expressions of particular doctrines for various groups. The word ‘creed’ comes from the Latin word credo meaning ‘I believe’. The creeds are summaries of belief. During the first few hundred years of Christianity, there were many differing views over a range of subjects related to aspects of theology. From these disputes the church developed statements of belief which, ever since that time, have formed an important part of our expression of faith. There were four major creeds formulated in the early centuries of the church: the Apostles’ Creed; the Nicene Creed; the Definition of Chalcedon; and the Athanasian Creed. The Apostles’ Creed At the 11 am worship service at Scots’ Church each Sunday, the congregation together repeat the words of the Apostles’ ‘Twelve articles of faith set out by twelve apostles’. Illuminated Creed, confirming their faith. manuscript of the Apostles’ Creed, 1300. Credit: Public This creed, sometimes titled ‘Symbol of the Apostles’, was Domain. developed between the second and eighth centuries. It was based on an understanding of the four gospels, the letters of the New Testament and, to a lesser extent, on books of the Old Testament, Although not written by the apostles, it reflects the teaching of the first century church, and appears to be based on the early ‘Roman Creed’. The name ‘Apostles’ Creed’ probably came from a tradition established by the fifth century, that each of the twelve apostles dictated a part of it, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit after Pentecost. It is traditionally divided into twelve articles. The Apostles’ Creed was originally used as a confession of faith at the time of baptism, and had several variations. The early creed had several additions between the second and eighth centuries, when it attained its current format. In the third century, ‘I believe in the forgiveness of sins’ was added, and debate in the fourth and fifth centuries

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finally led to the addition of the ‘holy’ (belonging to God) ‘catholic’ (universal) ‘church’. The phrase ‘He descended into hell’ was also added in the fifth century. It is suggested that the structure of the creed may be based on the command of Jesus to make disciples of all nations, baptising them in the name of the Father, Son and Holy Spirit. In the early centuries of the church, when most Christians were unable to read or write, oral repetition of the Apostles’ Creed, together with the Lord’s Prayer and the Ten Commandments, Oldest extant manuscript of the Nicene Creed, dated to the 6th century. Credit: were important ways to preserve and transmit the Council of Nicaea. Held in the John Christian faith from one generation to the next. Rylands Library, Manchester, UK. Public Domain. The eighth century version of the Apostles’ Creed is widely used by churches of the Western tradition, including Anglican, Roman Catholic, Lutheran and Presbyterian churches, for both liturgical and catechetical purposes. With its central doctrines of the Trinity and God the Creator, it is the most popular of the creeds. The Apostles’ Creed ‘I believe in God the Father almighty, creator of heaven and earth. I believe in Jesus Christ, God’s only Son, our Lord, who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, died, and was buried; he descended to the dead. On the third day he rose again; he ascended into heaven, he is seated at the right hand of the Father, and he will come to judge the living and the dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit; the holy catholic church; the communion of saints; the forgiveness of sins; the resurrection of the body; and the life everlasting. Amen.’ The Nicene Creed The Nicene Creed was originally formulated in 325 AD at the Council of Nicæa. The church had been often forced into secrecy over the first three centuries of its existence and during this time there were many theological arguments regarding the divinity of Jesus. There was also a struggle with the Arian heresy that denied that Christ was truly God. It was in 312 AD that the emperor Constantine, who had been gradually overcoming adversaries since coming to power some years before, moved with his army against his rivals just outside the gates of Rome. He was reported to have seen a vision of a cross set against the sun, with the words ‘By this thou shalt conquer’. This was followed

P AGE 40 T HE L EAFLET --- April 2019 by a dream in which Christ told him to use the sign of the cross as a safeguard in battle. He had crosses and the Greek letters X and P, the first letters of the word ‘Christ’, put onto his soldiers’ shields. They were victorious in battle and after a further period of civil war Constantine emerged in 324 AD as the first and only Christian Emperor of the Roman world. He established himself in Constantinople (modern Istanbul) and his support of Christianity was instrumental in it becoming the religion of Western Europe. Constantine called the Council of Nicæa in 325 AD in order to bring unity to the church. An early form of the Nicene Creed was adopted then but was revised at the Council of Constantinople in 381 AD. This was officially adopted by the Council of Chalcedon some 70 years later, in 451 AD. The Nicene Creed has been widely used since the fifth century and is in common use today. In some churches the Nicene and Apostles’ Creeds are used on alternating Sundays. The Eastern Orthodox Church only uses the Nicene Creed. The Chalcedonian Creed (Definition) Also referred to as the Definition of Chalcedon, this creed was formulated at the Council of Chalcedon in 451 AD. It attempted to address controversies that had arisen in relation to the divine nature of Christ. This creed stated that, while Christ had both human and divine natures, they were distinct and Christ was truly one person. The Athanasian Creed The author and origin of the Athanasian Creed remain a mystery. The creed is named after Athanasius (c. 296-373) who was the 20th bishop of Alexandria. He was intermittently bishop over a period of 45 years between 328 and 373 AD, including five periods of exile over 17 years during that time. He was a Christian theologian and a noted Egyptian leader of the fourth century. The creed reflects the wording of the Nicene Creed, adopted at the Council of Chalcedon, indicating that it was written after that time. It is thought that it dates from the sixth or early seventh century. However it is acknowledged that Athanasius was likely to have been involved with the development of the Nicene Creed in 325 AD.

References: Bratcher, Dennis, ed. Ecumenical Christian Creeds. http://www.crivoice.org/creedsearly.html Emberson, Iain A. Creeds of Christianity. http://christianityinview.com/creeds.html Office of the General Assembly, Presbyterian Church (USA), ‘The Constitution of the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), Part I, Books of Confessions’, Geneva Press, Louisville, Kentucky, 1996. www.creeds.net/ancient/Apostles_Intro.htm Reardon, JoHannah. The Nicene and Apostles’ Creeds. https://www.christianitytoday.com/biblestudies/articles/ churchhomeleadership/nicene-apostles-creeds.html The Apostles’ Creed. www.creeds.net/ancient/apostles/htm Wikipedia. The Apostles’ Creed.

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Biblical Crossword Luke Chapter 19 Solution on page 2.

Across 4. What work did Zaccheus do? (two words) 7. To everyone who has, more will be ______8. How much of his wealth did Zaccheus give to the poor? 11. Who was driven out of the temple by Jesus? 12. What did the chief priests seek to do to Jesus? 13. What tree did Zaccheus climb? Down 1. What mount was near the place where Jesus sent his disciples for a colt? EclipseCrossword.com 2. Jesus drew near to Beth phage and ______on his way to Jerusalem 3. Where did Zaccheus live? 4. What did Jesus do each day Want to join in the temple? us at Scots’? 5. Jesus told the parable of the ten ______You’d be sure of 6. What did people spread on the road as Jesus rode along? a warm welcome. 9. What did Jesus do when he saw Jerusalem? Please contact the 10. When Jesus taught, the Session Clerk, people were hanging on his ______Mr Peter Armstrong, on (03) 9650 9903

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