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For Workplace Exposure INTER-AMERICAN TELECOMMUNICATION COMMISSION WORKSHOP ON “TECHNICAL AND REGULATORY ASPECTS RELATED TO THE EFFECTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC NON-IONIZING EMISSIONS” SESSION STATUS OF PROVISIONS AND STUDIES BEING DEVELOPED BY SPECIALIZED INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS VÍCTOR CRUZ ORNETTA, M.S. INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y CAPACITACIÓN DE TELECOMUNICACIONES DEL PERÚ [NATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION RESEARCH AND TRAINING INSTITUTE OF PERU] (INICTEL) INICTEL 1 ““RESEARCHRESEARCH ININ PERUPERU ONON NONNON--IONIZINGIONIZING RADIATIONRADIATION ININ TELECOMMUNICATIONSTELECOMMUNICATIONS”” INICTEL 2 I. PERU’S MOST IMPORTANT TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES BROADCASTING STATIONS SERVICE USERS LIMA PROVINCES MF/AM SOUND BROADCASTING- - 62 582 FM SOUND BROADCASTING - 166 1520 TV BROADCASTING - 109 1001 MOBILE SERVICES 6,092,382 1015 541 * Information sources: OSIPTEL: http://www.osiptel.gob.pe/Index.ASP?T=P&P=2637 (as of March 2006) MTC: http://www.mtc.gob.pe/portal/estadisticas/comunicaciones.asp (as of end 2005) INICTEL 3 II. NATIONAL PROVISIONS Non-ionizing radiation environmental quality standards radiation (EQS-NIR) [0-300 GHz] are being developed. Maximum permissible limits for telecommunication activities (MPLs-NIR for telecommunications) [9 kHz-300 GHz], D.S. 038-2003-MTC. INICTEL 4 For workplace exposure Frequency Electrical field Magnetic field Power density range strength (V/m) strength (A/m) (W/m2) For public exposure Frequency Electrical field Magnetic field Power density range strength (V/m strength (A/m) (W/m2) INICTEL 5 Technical Standard on Radiofrequency Restrictions in Public Places As a directive supplementing D.S. 038-2003-MTC, on February 28, 2005, the Technical Standard on Radio Restrictions in Public Places (R.M. Nº 120-2005-MTC/03) was published. This technical standard establishes reference levels for public exposure in public places, defined as those places where it is considered that the public might be exposed to electromagnetic fields, such as: Schools (pre-school, primary, and secondary) Hospitals Health centers, and Clinics INICTEL 6 Reference levels for public exposure in public areas * Frequency Electrical field Power range strength density (V/m) (W/m2) * Either magnitude in the table above may be utilized: electrical field strength or power density, in accordance with frequency range. INICTEL 7 ORDINANCE REGULATING THE INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF BASE RADIO STATIONS IN SANTIAGO DE SURCO DISTRICT ORDINANCE Nº 182-MSS This ordinance is a broad initial approach to the environmental impact of radio stations, taking particular account of: Impact of non-ionizing radiation Impact on the landscape and urban environment Impact of noise and vibrations Considering as prevention and mitigation measures instruments such as the Environmental Impact Study (EIA), Environmental Improvement Program (PAMA), compliance with the MPLs, consistency with the urbanization regime, minimum distances between stations, height limits, visual integration of towers and poles with the environment, authorization from owners’ associations in cases where facilities are installed on lots subject to the ordinary property regime, sworn accountability statement regarding the infrastructure’s capacity to withstand extreme risk conditions (earthquakes and tremors, high wind, etc.), including the great weight of base radio station (BRS) facilities. INICTEL 8 ORDINANCE REGULATING THE INSTALLATION AND OPERATION OF BASE RADIO STATIONS IN SANTIAGO DE SURCO DISTRICT ORDINANCE Nº 182-MSS Objective: To regulate the installation and operation of BRS in the district. Scope: Establishes the licensing requirements for installation, within the jurisdiction of Santiago de Surco district, of BRS with electromagnetic fields in the 9 kHz-300 GHz range. Instruments and measures: EIA PAMA BRS licensing, location, installation, and requirements Land use plan Urban development plan Infractions regime MPL certification INICTEL 9 III. PERUVIAN NATIONAL EVALUATION OF NIR IN TELECOMMUNICATIONS INICTEL 10 III. 1 NATIONAL EVALUATION OF THE MAIN SERVICES OBJECTIVES 1. To measure the strength of the electrical field generated by the most important services in the 30 MHz-2 GHz band, including FM radio, television, trunk service, and mobile cellular telephony, in five districts of the city of Lima: Chorrillos, including the Morro Solar telecommunication site; La Molina; Miraflores; Puente Piedra; and San Martín de Porres, and in six major cities: Cuzco, Huancayo, Ica, Iquitos, Pucallpa, and Trujillo. 2. To evaluate such measurements to determine compliance with the ICNIRICNIRP recommended pubpubliclic and workplace exposure limits. 3. To recommend prevention and mitigation measures where necessary. INICTEL 11 GEOGRAPHICGEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTIONDISTRIBUTION OFOF MEASURMENTMEASURMENT POINTSPOINTS CITY NUMBER OF POINTS SELECTED Cuzco 19 Huancayo 14 Ica 11 Iquitos 13 Lima-Chorrillos 39 Lima-La Molina 09 Lima-Miraflores 15 Lima-Puente Piedra 08 Lima-San Martín de Porres 15 Pucallpa 10 Trujillo 21 TOTAL 174 INICTEL 12 MEASUREMENT METHOD Equipment utilized: Spectrum analyzer ¾ Spectrum analyzer: 9 KHz-3GHz ¾ Log-periodic antenna: 30 MHz-1800 MHz ¾ Portable Pentium computer Esquema de Medición utilizando el Analizador de Espectros Antena Horn 1.8 - 3 GHZ Cable Coaxial Polarización: Eje Y Analizador de Espectros MS2661C Laptop Antena Logaritmica 30 - 1800 MHZ Cable Coaxial Analizador de Espectros MS2661C Laptop Figure 1: Type 1 measurement scheme INICTEL 13 Equipment utilized: ¾ Electromagnetic field analyzer ¾ 10 kHz-60 GHz ¾ 300 kHz-40 GHz probe ¾ Portable Pentium computer Esquema de Medición utilizando el Analizador de Campo Electromagnético EMR-300 Fibra Optica Laptop Figure 2. Equipment utilized in Type 2 measurements INICTEL 14 RESULTS Graph 1: Maximum public exposure coefficient by service -- for Lima, Cuzco, Huancayo, Ica, Iquitos, and Trujillo P u bl ic E x p o s ur e c o ef fi ci e nt ( % ) Services INICTEL 15 RESULTS Graph 2. Comparison of Type 1 and Type 2 Measurements of Public Exposure Coefficients for Cities P u bl ic E x p o s ur e C o ef fi ci e nt ( % ) INICTEL 16 RESULTS Graph 3. Average Public Exposure Coefficients by Service for Cuzco, Huancayo, Ica, Iquitos, Trujillo Average by service Average by service 30.00 28.76 25.00 ( . f 20.00 ef co e r su 15.00 o p x E 10.00 5.00 1.62 1.651 1.29 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.00 TV(2-6) (51- FM (88-108) MHz TV (7-13) (174- TV(14-69) (470- TRUNKING ( 850- CELULAR (850- PCS ( BA NDA A ) 88MHz) 278) MHz 805) MHz 869MHz) 894)MHz (1930-1950) MHz Service Services INICTEL 17 View of the main RF radiation centers PHOTO 1: View from the top of Morro Solar, Chorrillos District, Lima, looking West INICTEL 18 PHOTO 2: View of the South Side of Morro Solar, in Chorrillos, Lima INICTEL 19 III. 2 EVALUATION OF MF/AM SOUND BROADCASTING On instructions from the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, INICTEL has made measurements of MF radio stations in Lima and Cuzco. Graphs 4 and 5 show some of these results. INICTEL 20 RESULTS Graph 4: Maximum Electrical Field Strength for All Stations, Measured at Different Distances (%) 900 829.20 800 700 600 (%) 509.77 MPL 500 400 ical field/ 278.05 Electr 300 200 100 48.71 25.20 24.85 13.60 0 210205080100150 Measurement distance (m) INICTEL 21 RESULTS Graph 5. Average magnetic field strength for all stations, measured at different distances 0.500 0.4572 0.400 /m) A ( 0.300 d l e i ical f tr 0.200 Elec 0.1331 0.100 0.0741 0.0251 0.0234 0.0181 0.0124 0.000 210205080100150 Measurement distance (m) INICTEL 22 III. 3 EVALUATION OF MOBILE COMMUNICATIONS AT THE NATIONAL LEVEL INICTEL has made measurements at 140 base stations of Peru’s three mobile operators, totaling 380 measurement points for mobile services in the 800 MHz and 1900 MHz bands. INICTEL 23 Public Exposure Coefficient in the 800 MHz Band with regard to the ICNIRP Standard (302 points) 10.0000000 1.0000000 Average level: 0.1271% 0.1000000 0.0100000 0.0010000 0.0001000 0.0000100 0.0000010 0.0000001 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 Points INICTEL 24 Public Exposure Coefficient in the 1900 MHz Band with regard to the ICNIRP Standard (78 points) 1.000000 0.100000 Average level: 0.0483% 0.010000 0.001000 0.000100 0.000010 0.000001 0 1020304050607080 Points INICTEL 25 Graph 4: Maximum Exposure Coefficient Values at the Cerro Camacho Base Station 700.0 5 600.0 5 598. 593. 500.0 t en ci i f ef 400.0 e co r u s Serie1 o 300.0 exp c i l b u P 5 200.0 201. 5 6. 13 100.0 4 8 22. 8 8 20. 6 4 5 3. 3. 0.0 2. 1. 1. 0.1 0.2 0.5 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 9.0 19.0 20.0 Measurement distance INICTEL 26 Graph 5: Public Exposure Coefficient vs. Distance at San Martin University Base Station 0.80 0.70 0.60 (%) (%) 0.50 ficient ficient 0.40 0.30 0.20 Public exposure coef Public exposure coef 0.10 0.00 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 Measurement distance Max. Max. Av. INICTEL 27 Graph 6: Average Public Exposure Coefficient by Service 0.600 0.55080 0.500 (%) (%) 0.400 ficient ficient 0.300 0.200 Public exposure coef Public exposure coef 0.09331 0.100 0.03853 0.01947 0.02801 0.01546 0.00539 0.000 TV VHF FM TV UHF NEXTEL TELEFONICA C. MOVILES TIM (2-13) (88-108)Mhz (470-805)Mhz (851 - 869) MHz (869-891) MHz (880-890) MHz (1930-1945) MHz Services INICTEL 28 Graph 7: Maximum Public Exposure Coefficient by Service 4.0 3.58874 3.5 (%) (%) 3.0 2.5 ficient ficient 2.0 1.49652 1.5 1.0 Public exposure coef Public exposure coef 0.50045 0.5 0.37143 0.19764 0.08426 0.05602 0.0 TV VHF FM TV UHF NEXTEL TELEFONICA C.
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