This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com r rs ED TLE •IE JB I fEK NO I NUI'ic.it EPS Mkife Q£/.Sil/2*» University of Wginto Libraries •FIRST PAGE OF THE WINTHROP MANUSCRIPT From the original in the Library of the Massachusetts Historical Society ORIGINAL NARRATIVES OF EARLY AMERICAN HISTORY WINTHROP'S JOURNAL "HISTORY OF NEW ENGLAND" 1630—1649 EDITED BY JAMES KENDALL HOSMER, LL.D. CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE MASSACHUSETTS HISTORICAL SOCIETY AND OF THE COLONIAL SOCIETY OF MASSACHUSETTS WITH MAPS AND FACSIMILES VOLUME I CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK Copyright, 1908, by CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS Printed in the United States of America All rights reserved. No part of this book for de reproduced in any form without the permission of Charles Scribner's Sons 6T NOTE While in this edition of Winthrop's Journal we have followed, as Dr. Hosmer explains in his Introduction, the text prepared by Savage, it has been thought wise to add devices which will make the dates easier for the reader to follow; but these have, it is hoped, been given such a form that the reader will have no difficulty in distinguishing added words or figures from those belonging to the original text. Winthrop makes no division into chapters. In this edition the text has, for the reader's convenience, been broken by headings repre senting the years. These, however, in accordance with modern usage, have been set at the beginning of January, not at the date with which Winthrop began his year, the first of March. The dates set in the inner margins of the "headlines to our pages have been arranged on the same plan. Early in 1635 Winthrop abandons in his text the Roman names of the months, substituting, in accordance with Puritan sentiment, a system of numbering, beginning with March as the first month. In this edition the more familiar names of the months are inserted in italics. With respect to the first of the illustrations, it may be mentioned that the first volume of the original manuscript has pages of about by 5£ inches, so that the facsimile here presented is somewhat reduced. The second facsimile exhibits the famous patent of 1629 to the Massachusetts Company, the conveyance of which to New England was of so momentous consequences to the colony. Though annulled in 1684, the original patent has remained in Massachusetts, and is now exhibited in the office of the Secretary of State, to whom we are indebted for permission to reproduce it. The next illustration, reproducing the map given in William Wood's book called New England's Prospect, bears date of 1634, the year in which that book was published. Wood was an intelligent traveller, whose book is of much value. It was reproduced by the Prince Society in 1634, edited by Dr. Charles Deane. Wood left New England August 15, 1633, and the map no doubt represents the state of settlement at the time of his departure. It is closely related to the map reproduced in Winsor's v vi NOTE Narrative and Critical History of America, III. 381, which, by whom soever draughted, bears a marginal key in the handwriting of Gov ernor Winthrop. Perhaps Wood depended in part on this map, now in the British Museum; perhaps both were based in greater or less degree on the same original survey. Of the two maps, Wood's has been selected for reproduction in this volume, because it is much more easily read. It is here presented in the size of the original. For the opportunity to photograph it, and also the title-page of the Short Story, we are indebted to Mr. Wilberforce Eames of the Lenox Library; for similar permission in the case of the precious original manuscript of Winthrop, to Dr. Samuel A. Green, Librarian of the Massachusetts Historical Society. J. F. J. CONTENTS WINTHROP'S JOURNAL "HISTORY OF NEW ENGLAND" Edited by James Kendall Hosmer rin Introduction 3 Journal 23 1630 Winthrop's Fleet sails from the Isle of Wight 24 A Fast kept on the Ships 25 Matthew Cradock bids Farewell to the Fleet 26 Danger feared from Hostile Ships 27 Captain Kirk encountered on the High Seas 36 Tempest strikes the Fleet 37 Mount Desert sighted ... 47 Arbella casts Anchor in Salem Harbor 50 Expedition to Massachusetts Bay 50 Marriage of John Endicott 51 Settlement at Charlestown 52 Death of the Lady Arbella and Isaac Johnson 52 Boston occupied and a Church organized 52 Salem, Dorchester, Watertown and Roxbury named .... 52 The Plantation set in Order 53 » Winter Severities 55 1631 Prevalence of Illness 58 Friendly Overtures from Chickatabot and other Sachems ... 59 Rev. John Wilson departs for England ...... 60 Roger Williams at Salem .... .... 61 Sir Christopher Gardiner 63 Philip Ratcliffe disciplined for traducing Church and Government . 64 The Blessing of the Bay launched 65 ^ vii viii CONTENTS PAGE Piscataqua heard from 69 The Lyon arrives, with important Succor 70 Bradford of Plymouth visits Boston 71 1632 Winthrop explores the Neighborhood 73 People press for more Power 74 Winthrop reelected Governor; Deputies chosen by the Towns . 79 The French to the Eastward heard from 82 Churches consult after the Congregational Way 83 , Winthrop and Dudley disagree 84 Narragansetts send Envoys 89 Return of Rev. John Wilson 91 Winthrop visits Plymouth 92 Pirates give Trouble to the Eastward 95 1633 Gorges and Mason Petition against us 99 Gardiner, Morton and Ratcliffe make Trouble 100 Thanksgiving over Friends preserved and Foes confounded . 102 Arrival of John Cotton, Thomas Hooker and John Haynes . 105 John Oldham goes Overland to the Connecticut .... 108 The Blessing of the Bay sails to the Connecticut and the Dutch . 109*/ John Cotton made Teacher of the Boston Church . .110 Roger Williams at Salem takes Exception 112 Two Sagamores and Most of their Folks die of Smallpox . .115 The Lord directs through John Cotton the Support of the Ministers . 116 1634 The Narragansetts lose Seven Hundred by Smallpox . .118 Controversy as to Women's wearing Veils 120 Satan bestirs himself to Distract the Churches 121 Deputies sent from Towns to General Court 122 The Killing of Hockin 123 Thomas Dudley chosen Governor 125 Four General Courts a Year, of Magistrates and Deputies . 125 News of the Founding of Maryland 126 Archbishops and Others try to stay the Ships and annul the Patent . 127 Profitable Trade with Manhattan and the Kennebec Country . 130 V' Newtown desires to Remove to Connecticut 132 Legislation against Tobacco, Costly Apparel, etc 134 Threatenings of the Privy Council against our Patent . 135 The Cross cut out of the Ensign at Salem 137 Pequots desire our Friendship 138 John Eliot, Friend of Massachusetts Indians 142 The Dutch to the Westward cause Anxiety 144 CONTENTS ix 1635 PAOB Interference from England feared 145 Military Commission established 148 John Haynes chosen Governor 149 Endicott questioned about Defacing the Ensign 149 Disturbed Relations between Magistrates and Deputies . 150 Fear of the Schemes of Gorges and Mason 152 Roger Williams called to Account for Dangerous Opinions . .154 The French capture Penobscot, a Plantation of Plymouth . .157 Arrival of Thomas Shepard and Hugh Peter 160 Young Henry Vane, called to the Obedience of the Gospel, arrives . 161 Hugh Peter's Practical Good Sense 165 • 1636 Roger Williams gives Trouble 166 Hugh Peter's Practical Benevolence 168 Vane and Peter set themselves up as Arbiters 169 Flag devised leaving out the Cross 174 Henry Vane elected Governor 180 The King's Colors set up at Castle Island 181 Murder of John Oldham brings on the Pequot War .... 183 Narragansetts remain Friendly 186 Endicott's Expedition to Block Island 187 Miantonomo received in Boston 192 v'Anne Hutchinson gives Trouble 195 Distraction in the New England Churches 196 The French claim most of the Maine Coast 201 ^General Court and the Elders take Council 203 John Cotton intervenes and is disapproved 204 1637 "^General Fast over the miserable Estate of the Churches . 208 -'Wheelwright questioned on Account of his Sermon .... 210 Underhill sent to Connecticut with Soldiers 212 Reluctance of Plymouth to take Part in the War . .213 ^'Winthrop made Governor at stormy Session 215 I Cotton and Shepard as Reconcilers 216 John Mason's Victory over the Pequots 218 - Discontent of Henry Vane 219 Pequots dispersed and destroyed 221 Three hundred and sixty Immigrants in one Day .... 222 Sir Ferdinando Gorges wishes to be Governor-General . 224 Pequot Survivors deported and enslaved 225 -'Henry Vane departs for England 229 A Movement toward Confederation of the Colonies .... 231 Svnod convened to deal with the Errors 232 X CONTENTS / PAGE TThe Case of William Schooler 236 Thanksgiving for Success in War and in the Synod .... 238 .^Hutchinsonians disfranchised and banished 239 »--Mrs. Hutchinson summoned before the Court 240 Short Story, etc., Composed and Sent to England .... 241 Extract from the Short Story 242 The Accusations of the Church against Mrs. Hutchinson . 243 Her Defense 247 Cotton's Admonition 248 Her Unsatisfactory Answers 249 She is Excommunicated 251 Reflections upon her Conduct 252 Journal resumed; Winthrop's Defense 256 1638 "/ Erroneous Opinions still Prevailing 259 ' Mrs. Hutchinson dealt with by the Church 260 ' She is Excommunicated . ' 263 , Hutchinsonians buy Aquidneck, an Island in Narragansett Bay . 264 " God's Displeasure at Mrs. Hutchinson shown by a monstrous Birth . 266 A great Earthquake experienced 270 Uncas the Mohican proffers Friendship 271 > Many Hutchinsonians go to Aquidneck 273 Excuse given for not surrendering the Patent 274 Underhill suspected of Incontinence 275 Evil of new Fashions and costly Apparel 279 Massachusetts displeased with the Piscataqua Plantations .