NASAT 2014 ROUND 16 TOSSUPS 1. the Title Character of This Book Is

NASAT 2014 ROUND 16 TOSSUPS 1. The title character of this book is instructed to cover his lip and forgo the bread of mourners after his wife dies. Part of this book describes the uselessness of the wood of the vine among the trees of the forest. This book describes how a man eats a scroll, only to find that it tastes like honey. The tradition of merkabah mysticism grew out of an image in this book, of four creatures each bearing the faces of a man, a lion, an eagle, and an ox. Like Revelation, this book contains an apocalyptic passage describing the destruction of Gog and Magog. For 10 points, name this Old Testament prophetic book containing many visions, such as the valley of dry bones. ANSWER: Book of Ezekiel 2. The Purgatoire River flows into this river near the John Martin Reservoir, and this river's namesake navigation system enters it northeast of Muskogee. The Trail of Tears Overlook is located along this river at Fort Smith, and this river is the location of a city that is home to the Phillips Oil "Philcade" and the John Hope Franklin Reconciliation Park. That city on this river was the loction of a 1921 race riot that killed 300 people, as well as Oral Roberts University, and is Tulsa. Another city on this river is located at the foothills of the Ouachita Mountains and is the location of Central High School. For 10 points, name this river that flows through the capital of its namesake state, Little Rock. ANSWER: Arkansas River 3. This locale is the setting for "The Death of Schillinger" and several other stories narrated by Tadek in a book by Tadeusz Borowski. Another author divided its populace into "the Drowned" and "the Saved" in a book whose title translates as If This Is a Man. Madame Schachter sees visions of fire before reaching this place in another book. Theodor Adorno argued that "to write a poem after [this place] is barbaric." A hanging boy captivates the attention of Shlomo's son in this place, where Eliezer loses faith and refuses to commemorate Rosh Hashanah. For 10 points, name this place survived by Primo Levi, a setting in This Way for the Gas, Ladies and Gentlemen and in Night, an autobiographical novel by Elie Wiesel. ANSWER: Auschwitz-Birkenau [prompt on concentration camp; prompt on Nazi death camp; do not accept or prompt on "Armory Show"] 4. Theodore de Bry's Grand Voyage engravings depict many people of this profession. Many members of this profession were killed in the Siglo XX (twenty) massacre. This profession was paid a fee called the pepena and illegal movements made by members of this profession were called kajcheos. Members of this profession worked to pay the Real Situado and the quinto real. These people frequently used the patio process. Workers in this profession were given the name mitayos as a result of being subjected to the mita system in the viceroyalty of Peru. For ten points, name this profession that worked in places like Huancavelica and Potosi, people who brought mercury and silver out of the ground. ANSWER: miners [or mining; accept specific types such as silver miners] NASAT 2014 ROUND 16 TOSSUPS 5. The consideration of a space homotopy equivalent to these things and a homotopy equivalence of these things homotopic to a diffeomorphism is the subject of surgery theory, which is used to classify them in greater than five dimensions. A smooth, compact one of these things of dimension n can be smoothly embedded into the real numbers with dimension two n according to the Whitney embedding theorem, which implies that they have a Riemannian metric. A simply- connected, closed, three-dimensional one is homeomorphic to a sphere according to a famous conjecture. These things are defined by atlases, which are a collection of coordinate charts. For 10 points, name these locally Euclidean topological spaces whose two-dimensional form is a surface. ANSWER: topological manifolds 6. This man’s power was the subject of Barton Gellman’s Pulitzer winning series of Washington Post articles. He was the intended target of the 2007 Bagram Airfield bombing. This man did not serve in Vietnam, explaining that he “had other priorities in the ‘60s,” and he was criticized for giving the one-word reply “So?” to a question about declining public confidence. His one-time chief of staff, Lewis “Scooter” Libby, was charged with leaking CIA information. In February 2006, this man, while quail hunting, accidentally shot Texas lawyer Harry Whittington. As Secretary of Defense, this one-time Halliburton CEO oversaw Operation Desert Storm. For 10 points, name this Vice-President under George W. Bush. ANSWER: Richard “Dick” Cheney 7. According to kinetic theory, this quantity equals the thermal conductivity times two-thirds times mass over Boltzmann's constant, which makes it scale with the square root of mass times temperature. The normal stress on a control volume includes a term equal to two-thirds this quantity, times the divergence of velocity. The Laplacian of velocity is multiplied by a tensor representing this quantity in the Navier-Stokes equations. A non-zero value for this quantity leads to the no-slip condition in boundary layers. This quantity is the slope of a graph plotting shear stress against strain rate; consequentially, it decreases at increasing shear stress for dilatant fluids. It is in the denominator of the Reynolds number. It's constant for Newtonian fluids. For 10 points, name this quantity measured in centipoise, which is roughly the fluid’s resistance toward flowing. ANSWER: viscosity [or kinematic viscosity; or dynamic viscosity] 8. After this man criticizes Idomeneus for “always laying down the law,” he is mocked for having a “vile temper.” The Athenians named their 9th tribe after this hero, who gives the third and most convincing appeal in the embassy episode. This husband of Tecmessa names his son, Eurysaces, after the shield he uses protect his half-brother in battle. During a war, this brother of Teucer gives Hector a purple sash and receives a sword after fighting him to a draw. In a play by Sophocles, he is entranced by Athena and slaughters a flock of sheep believing they are his rivals. This man goes insane and kills himself after he loses a contest to Odysseus to obtain Achilles’ armor. For 10 points, name this king of Salamis who fought in the Trojan War. ANSWER: Ajax the Greater [or Telamonian Ajax; or Telamonian Aias] NASAT 2014 ROUND 16 TOSSUPS 9. Before being crowned ruler, this man mythically received the gift of healing after visiting the Egyptian Temple of Serapis. Josephus wrote that he tested the Dead Sea’s buoyancy by throwing people who could not swim into it, shortly after the destruction of Jericho. As emperor, he appointed Tacitus’ father-in-law, Agricola, to the governorship of Britain. During this emperor’s reign, the mass suicide of rebels at Masada took place at the end of the Great Jewish Revolt. He defeated Vitellius to take the throne and his project of the Coliseum was completed by his successor, Titus. For 10 points, name this final ruler in the Year of the Four Emperors and founder of the Flavian dynasty. ANSWER: Vespasian 10. In the process of crafting a deterministic linear-time algorithm to construct these objects, which has a runtime proportional to the inverse Ackermann function, Bernard Chazelle invented the soft heap. The verification step from Boruvka's algorithm for finding these objects is sometimes used in other algorithms for them. Because the set of forests of a graph forms a graphic matroid, greedy algorithms are very effective at constructing these objects. Constructing one of these objects often relies on finding a light edge that crosses a cut. Two algorithms used to find these objects, which run in big O of edges times log of vertices, are Kruskal's algorithm and Prim's algorithm. For 10 points, name these acyclic subgraphs that connect all the vertices of a graph, with smallest edge cost. ANSWER: minimum-weight spanning trees [or MST; prompt on partial answer] 11. The protagonist of this short story has a fishing rod called Killall, which scares trout enough to want to jump in his pockets. Another man in this story hits rock bottom when his plowshare crashes on a rock and his horse starts coughing. In this story, Miser Stevens' voice is heard coming out of a handkerchief. A resident of Marshfield partially titles this story, which references a Whittier poem when one character predicts another's future, saying "They will call you Ichabod." In this story, Judge Hathorne presides over a jury of twelve dead men, who rule in favor of Jabez Stone against Scratch. For 10 points, name this story in which a New Hampshire farmer's soul is saved by the lawyering of an American senator, by Stephen Vincent Benet. ANSWER: "The Devil and Daniel Webster" 12. Contemporary philosophers of this concept often analyze the problem of supertasks. After the Other is met in face-to-face encounter, Levinas argued that people grasp this idea in a book contrasting it with Totality. Book III of Aristotle's Physics argued that this concept's "actual" form can never arise from its "potential" form. For Kant, the failure of reason to comprehend this idea produces the sublime. Giordano Bruno was burned in part because his non-Copernican cosmology featured a set of worlds with this property. Spinoza held that the one substance of God had a set of attributes with this property. Aristotle wrote that time has this property, but that the space of the universe does not.

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