Using Historical and Experimental Data to Reveal Warming Effects on Ant Assemblages
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Using Historical and Experimental Data to Reveal Warming Effects on Ant Assemblages The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Resasco, Julian, Shannon L. Pelini, Katharine L. Stuble, Nathan J. Sanders, Robert R. Dunn, Sarah E. Diamond, Aaron M. Ellison, Nicholas J. Gotelli, and Douglas J. Levey. 2014. “Using Historical and Experimental Data to Reveal Warming Effects on Ant Assemblages.” Edited by Martin Heil. PLoS ONE 9 (2) (February 4): e88029. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/ journal.pone.0088029. Published Version doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0088029 Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:11857773 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Using Historical and Experimental Data to Reveal Warming Effects on Ant Assemblages Julian Resasco1*†, Shannon L. Pelini2, Katharine L. Stuble 3‡, Nathan J. Sanders3§, Robert R. Dunn4, Sarah E. Diamond4¶, Aaron M. Ellison5, Nicholas J. Gotelli6, Douglas J. Levey7 1Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA 2Department of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA 3Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA 4Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA 5Harvard University, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA 01366 USA 6Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA 7National Science Foundation, Arlington, VA 22230, USA † Current address: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA ‡ Current address: Oklahoma Biological Survey, 111 E. -
Ecology and Field Biology of Two Dominant Camponotus Ants
JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY, 2018 VOL. 52, NOS. 3–4, 237–252 https://doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1420833 Ecology and field biology of two dominant Camponotus ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Brazilian savannah Mariane U.V. Ronquea, Vincent Fourcassiéb and Paulo S. Oliveira c aPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Instituto de Biologia, C.P. 6109, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; bCentre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, UMR CNRS Nº5169, Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, Toulouse, France; cDepartamento de Biologia Animal, C.P. 6109, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil Camponotus renggeri and C. rufipes are very abundant in Brazilian ARTICLE HISTORY cerrado savannah, where they feed extensively on liquid rewards Received 23 March 2017 and commonly associate with plants bearing extrafloral nectaries Accepted 5 December 2017 and honeydew-producing insects. Here, we provide a qualitative Online 22 January 2018 and quantitative field account on the natural history and ecology of KEYWORDS these two ant species. The study was carried out in a cerrado Activity schedule; ants; reserve in south-eastern Brazil across a rainy/hot season (summer) cerrado vegetation; nesting and a dry/cold season (winter). The ants were found in two vegeta- habits; home range tion physiognomies: all nests of C. rufipes were located in the cerrado sensu stricto (scrub of shrubs and trees, 3–8 m tall), whereas C. renggeri occurred mostly in the cerradão (forest with more or less merging canopy, 10–12 m tall). Both species nested in fallen or erect dead trunks, as well as underground. -
The Ants of Oklahoma Master of Science
THE ANTS OF OKLAHOMA By Jerry H. Young(I\" Bachelor of Science Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College Stillwater, Oklahoma 1955 Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate School of the Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE January 1 1956 tl<lAWMA AGCMCl«.f�Al L �Ci'!AlttCAl e&U.Ull LIBRARY JUL16195 6 THE ANTS OF OKLAHOMA Thesis Approved: Thesis Adviser }>JcMem��f � 't'" he Thesis ) Committee Member of the Thesis Committee 7'4'.��Member of the Thesis Committee Head of the Department ifean of the Graduate School 361565 ii PREFACE The study of the distribution of ants in the United States has been a long and continuous process with many contributors, but the State of Oklahoma has not received the attentions of these observers to any great extent. The only known list of ants of Oklahoma is one prepared by Mo Ro Smith (1935)0 Early in 1954 a survey of the state of Oklahoma was made to determine the species present and their distributiono The results of this survey, which blanketed the entire State, are given in this paper. The author wishes to express his appreciation to Dro Do E. Howell, chairman of the writer's thesis committee, for his valuable assistance and careful guidance in the preparation of this papero Also, much guidance on preparation of this manuscrip_t was received from Drs. Do Eo Bryan, William H. Irwin and F. A. Fenton. Many of the determin ations were made by M. R. Smith.. Vital infonnation was obtained from the museums at Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College and the University of Oklahoma. -
Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Diversity in Urban Forest
EFFECTS OF FOREST EDGES, EXOTIC ANTS AND NONNATIVE PLANTS ON LOCAL ANT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) DIVERSITY IN URBAN FOREST FRAGMENTS OF NORTHEASTERN OHIO KALOYAN IVANOV Master of Science in Entomology Sofia University Sofia, Bulgaria 2000 Submitted in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN REGULATORY BIOLOGY at the CLEVELAND STATE UNIVERSITY December, 2010 This dissertation has been approved for the Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences and for the College of Graduate Studies by Date: Dr. Joe B. Keiper, Virginia Museum of Natural History Major Advisor Date: Dr. B. Michael Walton, BGES / CSU Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. Robert A. Krebs, BGES / CSU Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. Jaharul Haque, The Cleveland Clinic Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. Daniel R. Petit, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Advisory Committee Member Date: Dr. F. Paul Doerder, BGES / CSU Internal Examiner Date: Dr. Carl D. Anthony, Department of Biology, John Carroll University External Examiner “The worst thing that can happen - will happen [in the 1980s] - is not energy depletion, economic collapse, limited nuclear war, or conquest by a totalitarian government. As terrible as these catastrophes would be for us, they can be repaired within a few generations. The one process ongoing in the 1980s that will take millions of years to correct is the loss of genetic and species diversity by the destruction of natural habitats. This is the folly our descendants are least likely to forgive us.” Wilson EO (Harvard Magazine 1980) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Numerous people provided help, as diverse as it was important, that made this work possible. -
Nutritional Ecology of the Carpenter Ant Camponotus Pennsylvanicus (De Geer): Macronutrient Preference and Particle Consumption
Nutritional Ecology of the Carpenter Ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer): Macronutrient Preference and Particle Consumption Colleen A. Cannon Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Entomology Richard D. Fell, Chairman Jeffrey R. Bloomquist Richard E. Keyel Charles Kugler Donald E. Mullins June 12, 1998 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: diet, feeding behavior, food, foraging, Formicidae Copyright 1998, Colleen A. Cannon Nutritional Ecology of the Carpenter Ant Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer): Macronutrient Preference and Particle Consumption Colleen A. Cannon (ABSTRACT) The nutritional ecology of the black carpenter ant, Camponotus pennsylvanicus (De Geer) was investigated by examining macronutrient preference and particle consumption in foraging workers. The crops of foragers collected in the field were analyzed for macronutrient content at two-week intervals through the active season. Choice tests were conducted at similar intervals during the active season to determine preference within and between macronutrient groups. Isolated individuals and small social groups were fed fluorescent microspheres in the laboratory to establish the fate of particles ingested by workers of both castes. Under natural conditions, foragers chiefly collected carbohydrate and nitrogenous material. Carbohydrate predominated in the crop and consisted largely of simple sugars. A small amount of glycogen was present. Carbohydrate levels did not vary with time. Lipid levels in the crop were quite low. The level of nitrogen compounds in the crop was approximately half that of carbohydrate, and exhibited seasonal dependence. Peaks in nitrogen foraging occurred in June and September, months associated with the completion of brood rearing in Camponotus. -
A Survey of Ground-Dwelling Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Georgia
Ipser et al.: Ground-Dwelling Ants in Georgia 253 A SURVEY OF GROUND-DWELLING ANTS (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) IN GEORGIA REID M. IPSER, MARK A. BRINKMAN, WAYNE A. GARDNER AND HAROLD B. PEELER Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Griffin Campus, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, GA 30223-1797, USA ABSTRACT Ground-dwelling ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) were sampled at 29 sites in 26 counties in Georgia with pitfall traps, leaf litter extraction, visual searching, and bait stations. We found 96 ant taxa including nine species not previously reported from Georgia: Myrmica ameri- cana Weber, M. pinetorum Wheeler, M. punctiventris Roger, M. spatulata Smith, Pyramica wrayi (Brown), Stenamma brevicorne (Mayr), S. diecki Emery, S. impar Forel, and S. schmitti Wheeler, as well as three apparently undescribed species (Myrmica sp. and two Ste- namma spp.). Combined with previous published records and museum records, we increased the total number of ground-dwelling ants known from Georgia to 144 taxa. Key Words: ground-dwelling ants, Formicidae, survey, Georgia, species. RESUMEN Hormigas que habitan en el suelo (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) fueron recolectadas en 29 si- tios en 26 condados del estado de Georgia con trampas de suelo, extración de hojarasca, bus- queda visual, y trampas de cebo. Nosotros encontramos 96 taxa de hormigas incluyendo nueve especies no informadas anteriormente en Georgia: Myrmica americana Weber, M. pin- etorum Wheeler, M. punctiventris Roger, M. spatulata Smith, Pyramica wrayi (Brown), Ste- namma brevicorne (Mayr), S. diecki Emery, S. impar Forel, y S. schmitti Wheeler, además de tres especies aparentemente no descritas (Myrmica sp. y dos Stenamma spp.). -
Individual Versus Collective Cognition in Social Insects
Individual versus collective cognition in social insects Ofer Feinermanᴥ, Amos Kormanˠ ᴥ Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001, Rehovot, Israel. Email: [email protected] ˠ Institut de Recherche en Informatique Fondamentale (IRIF), CNRS and University Paris Diderot, 75013, Paris, France. Email: [email protected] Abstract The concerted responses of eusocial insects to environmental stimuli are often referred to as collective cognition on the level of the colony.To achieve collective cognitiona group can draw on two different sources: individual cognitionand the connectivity between individuals.Computation in neural-networks, for example,is attributedmore tosophisticated communication schemes than to the complexity of individual neurons. The case of social insects, however, can be expected to differ. This is since individual insects are cognitively capable units that are often able to process information that is directly relevant at the level of the colony.Furthermore, involved communication patterns seem difficult to implement in a group of insects since these lack clear network structure.This review discusses links between the cognition of an individual insect and that of the colony. We provide examples for collective cognition whose sources span the full spectrum between amplification of individual insect cognition and emergent group-level processes. Introduction The individuals that make up a social insect colony are so tightly knit that they are often regarded as a single super-organism(Wilson and Hölldobler, 2009). This point of view seems to go far beyond a simple metaphor(Gillooly et al., 2010)and encompasses aspects of the colony that are analogous to cell differentiation(Emerson, 1939), metabolic rates(Hou et al., 2010; Waters et al., 2010), nutrient regulation(Behmer, 2009),thermoregulation(Jones, 2004; Starks et al., 2000), gas exchange(King et al., 2015), and more. -
Effects of Prescribed Fire and Social Insects on Saproxylic Beetles in A
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Efects of prescribed fre and social insects on saproxylic beetles in a subtropical forest Michael D. Ulyshen1 ✉ , Andrea Lucky2 & Timothy T. Work3 We tested the immediate and delayed efects of a low-intensity prescribed fre on beetles, ants and termites inhabiting log sections cut from moderately decomposed pine trees in the southeastern United States. We also explored co-occurrence patterns among these insects. Half the logs were placed at a site scheduled for a prescribed fre while the rest were assigned to a neighboring site not scheduled to be burned. We then collected insects emerging from sets of logs collected immediately after the fre as well as after 2, 6, 26 and 52 weeks. The fre had little efect on the number of beetles and ants collected although beetle richness was signifcantly higher in burned logs two weeks after the fre. Both beetle and ant communities difered between treatments, however, with some species preferring either burned or unburned logs. We found no evidence that subterranean termites (Reticulitermes) were infuenced by the fre. Based on co-occurrence analysis, positive associations among insect species were over two times more common than negative associations. This diference was signifcant overall as well for ant × beetle and beetle × beetle associations. Relatively few signifcant positive or negative associations were detected between termites and the other insect taxa, however. Dead wood is one of the most important resources for biodiversity in forests worldwide, supporting diverse and interacting assemblages of invertebrates, fungi and prokaryotes1,2. In addition to many species that oppor- tunistically beneft from dead wood, about one third of all forest insect species are saproxylic, meaning they are strictly dependent on this resource at some stage in their life cycle, and many of them have become threatened in intensively managed landscapes3,4. -
I. Studies of Volatile Compounds from Ants Ii
I. STUDIES OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM ANTS II. DEGRADATION STUDIES AND STRUCTURE PROOF OF CIS, CIS~NEPETALACTONE By DONALD JOHN MCGURK :1.J I Bachelor of Science University of Nebraska Lincoln, Nebraska 1962 Submitted to the faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY July~ 1968 OKlAHOMA STATE UNIVERSITY LI BRAF-cY JAN ~O 1969 ,. ,t--•f,. , ; ... • ' , , ........, ...., ~ # ~· . I. STUDIES OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM ANTS II. DEGRADATION STUDIES AND STRUCTURE PROOF OF CIS, CIS-NEPETALACTONE Thesis Approved: D t2 ~n Dean of the Graduate College 696365 ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I am deeply grateful for the encouragement and guidance provided by Dro Eo Jo Eisenbraun during the conduct of this investigationo I wish to thank Dr. W. A. Drew, Dr. Jerry Young, Dr. and Mrs. D. E. Bryan and especially Dr. Ken Vick for the collection, identification, and behavioral testing of ants. Appreciation is extended to Dro George Waller for the use of the mass spectrometer, to Dro Earl Mitchell and Mro Keith Kinneberg for their assistance in taking spectra, and to the National Science Founda tion which supported these studies through grant NSF GB-32750 I particularly wish to thank Dr. Pat Flanagan who provided the nmr spectra and assisted in their interpretation and Mrs. Jennifer Frost who assisted in the ant studies. Finally, I extend my deepest thanks to the graduate students at Oklahoma State who encouraged me to start to write this dissertation. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page PART I, STUDIES.OF VOLATILE COMPOUNDS FROM ANTS I. -
Nest Site Selection During Colony Relocation in Yucatan Peninsula Populations of the Ponerine Ants Neoponera Villosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
insects Article Nest Site Selection during Colony Relocation in Yucatan Peninsula Populations of the Ponerine Ants Neoponera villosa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Franklin H. Rocha 1, Jean-Paul Lachaud 1,2, Yann Hénaut 1, Carmen Pozo 1 and Gabriela Pérez-Lachaud 1,* 1 El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Conservación de la Biodiversidad, Avenida Centenario km 5.5, Chetumal 77014, Quintana Roo, Mexico; [email protected] (F.H.R.); [email protected] (J.-P.L.); [email protected] (Y.H.); [email protected] (C.P.) 2 Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale (CRCA), Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université de Toulouse; CNRS, UPS, 31062 Toulouse, France * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +52-98-3835-0440 Received: 15 January 2020; Accepted: 19 March 2020; Published: 23 March 2020 Abstract: In the Yucatan Peninsula, the ponerine ant Neoponera villosa nests almost exclusively in tank bromeliads, Aechmea bracteata. In this study, we aimed to determine the factors influencing nest site selection during nest relocation which is regularly promoted by hurricanes in this area. Using ants with and without previous experience of Ae. bracteata, we tested their preference for refuges consisting of Ae. bracteata leaves over two other bromeliads, Ae. bromeliifolia and Ananas comosus. We further evaluated bromeliad-associated traits that could influence nest site selection (form and size). Workers with and without previous contact with Ae. bracteata significantly preferred this species over others, suggesting the existence of an innate attraction to this bromeliad. However, preference was not influenced by previous contact with Ae. bracteata. Workers easily discriminated between shelters of Ae. bracteata and A. -
Arkansas Academy of Science
Journal of the CODEN: AKASO ISBN: 0097-4374 ARKANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE VOLUME 61 2007 Library Rate ARKANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE ARKANSAS TECH UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL SCIENCES 1701 N. BOULDER RUSSELLVILLE. AR 72801-2222 Arkansas Academy ofScience, Dept. of Physical Sciences, Arkansas Tech University PAST PRESIDENTS OF THE ARKANSAS ACADEMY OF SCIENCE Charles Brookover, 1917 C. E. Hoffman, 1959 Paul Sharrah, 1984 Dwight M. Moore, 1932-33, 64 N. D. Buffaloe, 1960 William L. Evans, 1985 Flora Haas, 1934 H. L. Bogan, 1961 Gary Heidt, 1986 H. H. Hyman, 1935 Trumann McEver, 1962 Edmond Bacon, 1987 L. B. Ham, 1936 Robert Shideler, 1963 Gary Tucker, 1988 W. C. Muon, 1937 L. F. Bailey, 1965 David Chittenden, 1989 M. J. McHenry, 1938 James H. Fribourgh, 1966 Richard K. Speairs, Jr. 1990 T. L. Smith, 1939 Howard Moore, 1967 Robert Watson, 1991 P. G. Horton, 1940 John J. Chapman, 1968 Michael W. Rapp, 1992 I. A. Willis, 1941-42 Arthur Fry, 1969 Arthur A. Johnson, 1993 L. B. Roberts, 1943-44 M. L. Lawson, 1970 George Harp, 1994 JeffBanks, 1945 R. T. Kirkwood, 1971 James Peck, 1995 H. L. Winburn, 1946-47 George E. Templeton, 1972 Peggy R. Dorris, 1996 E. A. Provine, 1948 E. B. Wittlake, 1973 Richard Kluender, 1997 G. V. Robinette, 1949 Clark McCarty, 1974 James Daly, 1998 John R. Totter, 1950 Edward Dale, 1975 Rose McConnell, 1999 R. H. Austin, 1951 Joe Guenter, 1976 Mostafa Hemmati, 2000 E. A. Spessard, 1952 Jewel Moore, 1977 Mark Draganjac, 2001 Delbert Swartz, 1953 Joe Nix, 1978 John Rickett, 2002 Z. -
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Behavioral Ecology Symposium ’96: Cushing 165 MYRMECOMORPHY AND MYRMECOPHILY IN SPIDERS: A REVIEW PAULA E. CUSHING The College of Wooster Biology Department 931 College Street Wooster, Ohio 44691 ABSTRACT Myrmecomorphs are arthropods that have evolved a morphological resemblance to ants. Myrmecophiles are arthropods that live in or near ant nests and are considered true symbionts. The literature and natural history information about spider myrme- comorphs and myrmecophiles are reviewed. Myrmecomorphy in spiders is generally considered a type of Batesian mimicry in which spiders are gaining protection from predators through their resemblance to aggressive or unpalatable ants. Selection pressure from spider predators and eggsac parasites may trigger greater integration into ant colonies among myrmecophilic spiders. Key Words: Araneae, symbiont, ant-mimicry, ant-associates RESUMEN Los mirmecomorfos son artrópodos que han evolucionado desarrollando una seme- janza morfológica a las hormigas. Los Myrmecófilos son artrópodos que viven dentro o cerca de nidos de hormigas y se consideran verdaderos simbiontes. Ha sido evaluado la literatura e información de historia natural acerca de las arañas mirmecomorfas y mirmecófilas . El myrmecomorfismo en las arañas es generalmente considerado un tipo de mimetismo Batesiano en el cual las arañas están protegiéndose de sus depre- dadores a través de su semejanza con hormigas agresivas o no apetecibles. La presión de selección de los depredadores de arañas y de parásitos de su saco ovopositor pueden inducir una mayor integración de las arañas mirmecófílas hacia las colonias de hor- migas. Myrmecomorphs and myrmecophiles are arthropods that have evolved some level of association with ants. Myrmecomorphs were originally referred to as myrmecoids by Donisthorpe (1927) and are defined as arthropods that mimic ants morphologically and/or behaviorally.