GEOCONSULT spol. s r. o., INŽINIERSKO - PROJEKTOVÁ SPOLOČNOSŤ MILETIČOVA 21, P. O. BOX 34, 820 05 BRATISLAVA 25, TEL.: 5057 4701, FAX: 5057 4799 ______

C O N T E N T S:

A. ESSENTIAL DATA ...... 5

I. ESSENTIAL DATA ON THE PROPOSER ...... 5 1. Name ...... 5 2. Identification number ...... 5 3. Registered office ...... 5 4. Contact Data of the Authorized Representative of the Proposer...... 5 5. Contact Data of the Authorized Person for the Provision of Relevant Information on the Proposed Activity and the Place of Consulting ...... 5 II. The Essential Data on the Proposed Activity ...... 7 1. Name ...... 7 2. Purpose ...... 7 3. User ...... 7 4. Location ...... 7 5. Comprehensive Situation of the Location of the Proposed Activity ...... 8 6. Reason of Placing to the Particular Location ...... 8 7. Term of Commencement and Completion of the Construction and Operation of the Proposed Activity ...... 10 8. The Brief Description of Technical and Technological Solution ...... 10 9. Options of the proposed activity ...... 32 10. Total Costs ...... 33 11. The Concerned Villages ...... 34 12. The Concerned Self-government Region ...... 34 13. The Concerned Authorities ...... 34 14. Permitting body ...... 35 15. Department authority ...... 35 16. The Expression on the Supposed Impacts of the Change in the Proposed Activity Going beyond the State Boundary ...... 35 B. The Data on Direct Impacts of the Proposed Activity on Environment Including Health ...... 35

I. Requirements on Inputs ...... 35 1. Land ...... 37 2. Water ...... 37 3. Raw Materials ...... 37 4. Power Sources ...... 38 5. Demands after Transport and Other Infrastructure ...... 38 6. Demands after Labour ...... 38 II. Data on the Outputs ...... 39 1. Air ...... 39 2. Waste Water ...... 42 3. Waste ...... 42 4. Noise and Vibrations ...... 44 5. Radiation and Other Physical Fields ...... 48 6. Smell and Other Outputs ...... 48 7. Additional Data ...... 48

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C. The Complex Characteristics and Assessment of the Impacts on Environment, Including Health ...... 49

I. The Definition of the Limits of the Concerned Territory ...... 49

II. The Characteristics of The Contemporary Condition of Environment of the Concerned Territory ...... 49 1. Geomorphological Situation ...... 50 2. Geological Situation ...... 50 3. Soil Conditions ...... 56 4. Climate...... 57 5. Air ...... 60 6. Hydrological Situation ...... 61 7. Fauna and Flora - Qualitative and Quantititave Characteristics, Habitat Characteristics, Protected Rare and Endangered Species and Habitats, Significant Migration Corridors of Animals ...... 66 8. The Landscape - the Structure of the Landscape, Landscape Image, Scenery, Stability, Protection ...... 78 9. The Protected Territory pursuant to the Regulations and their Protected Zones ...... 83 10. The Territorial System of Ecological Stability ...... 90 11. Population ...... 92 12. Cultural and Historical Monuments and Sights ...... 110 13. Archaeological Dig Sites ...... 110 14. Palaeontological Dig Sites ...... 111 15. The characteristics of the existing sources of environment pollution and their impact on environment ...... 111 16. The Complex Summary of the Contemporary Environmental Problems ...... 116 17. The Overall Quality of Environment ...... 121 18. The Assessment of the Expected Development of the Territory as long as the Proposed Territory would not be Implemented ...... 124 19. The Accord of the Proposed Activity with Valid Urban Planning Documentation ...... 126 III. The Assessment of the Supposed Impacts of the Proposed Activity on Environment Including Health and Estimate of their Significance ...... 128 1. Impacts on the population ...... 128 2. Impacts on Rock Environment and Relief ...... 130 3. Impacts on climatic conditions ...... 131 4. Impacts on air ...... 131 5. Impacts on Water Conditions ...... 133 6. Impacts on soil ...... 134 7. Impact on Fauna, Flora and their Habitats ...... 134 8. Impact on Landscape - Structure and Exploitation of the Landscape, Landscape Scenery136 9. Impacts on protected areas and their protection zones ...... 136 10. Impacts on the Territorial System of Ecological Stability ...... 138 11. Impacts on the Urban Complex and Land Use ...... 139 12. Impacts on Cultural and Historic Monuments ...... 140 13. Impacts on Archaeological Sites ...... 140 14. Impacts on Palaeontological Dig Sites and Important Geological Locations ...... 140 15. Impact on Cultural Values of Non-material Character ...... 140 16. Other Impacts ...... 140 17. Spatial Synthesis of the Impacts of the Activity in the Territory ...... 145

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18. The complex assessment of the expected impacts from the point of view of their significance and their comparison with valid legal regulations ...... 147 19. Operation Risks and their Possible Impact on the Territory ...... 151 IV. Measures Proposed for Prevention, Elimination, Minimisation and Compensation of the Impacts of the Proposed Activity on Environment and Health ...... 152 1. Urban Planning Measures ...... 152 2. Technical measures ...... 153 3. Compensatory measures ...... 158 4. Organisational and operating measures ...... 159 5. Other measures ...... 159 6. Opinion on Technical-Economic Feasibility of Measures ...... 162 V. Comparison of the Variants of the Proposed Works and Proposal of the Optimal Variant ...... 162 1. Creating a set of criteria and determining their relevance for the selection of the optimal variant ...... 164 2. The Selection of the Optimum Variant or the Determination of the Order of Suitability for the Assessed Variants ...... 174 3. Justification of Proposal of Optimal Variant ...... 176 VI. Proposed Monitoring and Post-Project Analysis ...... 179 1. Proposed monitoring from the start of construction, during construction, during operation and after the operation of the proposed activity ...... 179 2. Proposed Monitoring of Compliance with Specified Conditions ...... 180 VII. Methods Used in the Impact Assessment Process of the Proposed Activities on the Environment and Methods and Sources of Obtaining Data on the Present Status of the Environment in the Territory Where the Proposed Activity Is to Be Constructed ...... 180

VIII. Shortcomings and uncertainties in knowledge encountered in the processing of the assessment report ...... 183

IX. Annexes to the Assessment Report ...... 183

X. General Final Summary ...... 184

XI. The List of the Persons Dealing with the Assessment Report and the Organisations that Participated in the Report Issue ...... 193

XII. List of Additional Analytic Reports and Studies that are available in the Proposer´s Place that were the Base Material for the Elaboration of the Assessment Report ...... 194 List of Main Used Materials ...... 194 List of Expressions and Standpoints to the Proposes Activity prior to Report Elaboration ... 195 Further Additional Information ...... 195 XIII. Date and Confirmation of the Data Correctness and Completeness by a Signature (Seal) of the Authorised Representative of the Person Elaborating the Assessment Report and the proposer ...... 195 Data Correctness Acknowledgement ...... 195

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A. ESSENTIAL DATA

I. ESSENTIAL DATA ON THE PROPOSER

1. Name

Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, akciová spoločnosť

2. Identification number

35919 001

3. Registered office

Mlynské Nivy 45, 821 09 Bratislava

4. Contact Data of the Authorized Representative of the Proposer

Ing. Daniela Pyszková, Head of the Department of Pre-investment Preparation, Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, a.s., Mlynské Nivy 45, 821 09 Bratislava, tel.: 02/58311311, fax.: 58311706, e-mail: [email protected]

5. Contact Data of the Authorized Person for the Provision of Relevant Information on the Proposed Activity and the Place of Consulting

Ing. Daniela Pyszková, Head of the Department of Pre-investment Preparation, Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, a.s., Mlynské Nivy 45, 821 09 Bratislava, tel.: 02/58311311, fax.: 58311706, e-mail: [email protected]

Ing. Alena Kušnierová, Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, a.s., Mlynské Nivy 45, 821 09 Bratislava, tel.: 02/58311432, fax.: 58311706, e-mail: [email protected]

Ing. Barbora Kmeťová, Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, a.s., Mlynské Nivy 45, 821 09 Bratislava, tel.: 02/58311326, fax.: 58311706, e-mail: [email protected]

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II. THE ESSENTIAL DATA ON THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY

1. Name Expressway R7 Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná

2. Purpose

The expressway R7 Bratislava – Dunajská Lužná is first section of the expressway R7 Bratislava – Lučenec and it is the part of the basic system of highways and expressways and as such it requires the improvement of the conditions for both international and inland transit transport and the overall transport and to increase fluency, speed and improve safety of all participants in traffic.

The purpose of the construction is to provide for the fluency and safety of road traffic within the road network and to reduce the negative impacts of road transport on environment of the concerned villages in the specified long-range period. At the same time, the given section of expressway R7 shall largely contribute to the development of the potential of the catchment area with the functional utilisation of its areas, which leads to the favourable impact on the economical growth and living standard of the population in the given area.

3. User

A public construction administered by Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, a.s.

4. Location

Venue: Bratislava – Mestská časť Podunajské Biskupice, Rovinka, Dunajská Lužná, Miloslavov

Cadastral territory: Podunajské Biskupice, Rovinka, Miloslavov, Jánošíková, Nové Košariská, Nová Lipnica

Territorial sub-district: Bratislava II, Senec Region: Bratislava

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5. Comprehensive Situation of the Location of the Proposed Activity

6. Reason of Placing to the Particular Location

The extent of highway network and the expressway network in Slovakia was approved by the Resolution of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 162 of 2001 (the New project of the construction of highways and expressways) defining the highway network made by the routes of D1, D2, D3 and D4 and the expressway network of the roads R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6. The Resolution of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 523 of June 2003 (The update of the new project of the construction of highways and expressways) extends the network of

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expressways by expressway route R7. The highway network is defined pursuant to the Resolution of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 162/2001 by the following routes:

 D1 - Bratislava (Petržalka - intersection with D2) -Trnava -Trenčín - Žilina - Prešov - Košice - Záhor state border of the Slovak Republic/Ukraine, the route length is 516 km,  D2 - state border of the Czech Republic/the Slovak Republic Kúty -Malacky - Bratislava (Rusovce) state border of the Slovak Republic/Hungary, the length of the route is 80 km,  D3 - Žilina - Kysucké Nové Mesto - Čadca - Skalité state border of the Slovak Republic/Poland, the length of the route is 59 km,  D4 - state border of Austria/the Slovak Republic Bratislava (Jarovce) – D1(Ivanka pri Dunaji) – state border of the Slovak Republic/Austria (Devínska Nová Ves), the length of the route is 50km.

The overall length of highways is 704 km.

The expressway network is defined pursuant to the Resolutions of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 162/2001 and No. 523/2003 by the following routes:

 R1 - D1Trnava - Nitra - Žarnovica - Žiar nad Hronom - Zvolen - Banská Bystrica, the length of the route is 170 km,  R2 - state border of the ČR/SR Drietoma - Trenčín - Prievidza - Žiar nad Hronom - in parallel with R1 up to Zvolen - Lučenec - Rimavská Sobota - Rožňava - Košice, the length of the route 371 km,  R3 - state border of the MR/SR Šahy - Krupina - Zvolen – in parallel with R1 Žiar nad Hronom -Turčianske Teplice - Martin - Kraľovany - Dolný Kubín - Trstená - state border of the SR/PR (with alternative routing of Zvolen - Turčianske Teplice), the length of the route 236 km,  R4 - state border of the MR/SR - Milhosť - Košice - in parallel with highway D1 up to Prešov - Svidník - Vyšný Komárnik - state border of the SR/PR, the length of the route 192 km,  R5 - state border of the Czech Republic/the Slovak Republic Svrčinovec - D3, the route length 3 km,  R6 - state border of the Czech Republic/the Slovak Republic Lysá pod Makytou - Púchov - D1, the route length 30 km  R7 - D4 Bratislava - Dunajská Streda - Nové Zámky - Veľký Krtíš - Lučenec - R2, the length of the route is 213 km.

The overall length of expressways is 1,219 km.

The given structure "Expressway R7 Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná" is the introductory part 1 of the section of expressway R7 Bratislava – Holice, that is the part of so called South route of R7 Bratislava – Dunajská Streda – Nové Zámky – Veľký Krtíš – Lučenec – R2. This section was selected in order to solve in advance the traffic problem of the road I/63 running through the village residential area of the villages Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná, where the traffic intensity at 40 km/hour exceeds the performance of the existing road pursuant to the valid STN 73 6101 and STN 73 6110 nowadays already. This unfavourable condition induces the increased probability of the occurrence of traffic accidents and traffic jams that shall get worse with the growing intensity of transport in this part of Bratislava and the sub-urban zone represented by the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná, which leads to all the negative impacts on

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environment and in particular health condition of public (high accident rate, exceeding of allowed values of absorbed emissions of noise, vibrations and emissions, etc.)

The proposed expressway R7 shall take over an aliquot part of transport from road No. I/63 (the part of transit and source/destination transport) in the section of Bratislava – Dunajská Lužná which of course shall improve the fluency, speed and safety of road traffic on both roads and substantially reduce the negative impacts on population and environment. Without the construction of the expressway R7 in this section, it would be necessary to deal with the bypasses of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná in a short time.

7. Term of Commencement and Completion of the Construction and Operation of the Proposed Activity

Construction commencement: 2011 (2012)

Construction completion: 2014 (2015)

Putting into Operation: 2014 (2015)

8. The Brief Description of Technical and Technological Solution

Expressway R7 in the section Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná was dealt with in the Technical Study compiled in 04/2006 by Alfa 04 in two variants, A - red and B - blue. On the basis of comments of the concerned villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná to the given documentation, for the reason of urban conditions of their territorial development, the Technical Study was complemented by variant C - green, drawn up in 11/2006 by Geoconsult Bratislava.

The proposed variants: A - red, B - blue and C - green were defined for the elaboration of the Intention pursuant to the Act No. 24/2006 Coll., compiled by Geoconsult Bratislava in 01/2007.

After commenting the documentation of the Intention, two variants were specified for further assessment of the expressway R7 in the section of Bratislava – Dunajská Lužná in the Assessment Scope of 11 September 2007.

 Variant A - Red

 Variant C - Green

The proposed expressway R7 is connected in the given section (beginning of the section) to the route of the highway D4. In further continuation it passes by the residential areas of villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná and furthermore behind the village of Dunajská Lužná (the end of the section) it continues in the direction of Šamorín - Dunajská Streda - Nové Zámky - Veľký Krtíš - Lučenec with the connection of the expressway R2. In accordance with the consultations to the Intention of the Proposed Activity and the Assessment Scope, Variant C - green was partially modified, by shifting it more to the North for the reason of the addition of Miloslavov intersection and placing the crossing of R7 with railway farther in the location of the gardening zone of Miloslavov.

With regards to the interconnection of R7 and D4, it is necessary to state the investment preparation of highway D4 is terminated in stage I (technical study and intention), while

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according to the assessment scope the highway D4 in this section (km 0-12) is defined in red variant and thus this variant of D4 is considered in the Assessment Report for R7 (see the documentary part).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PROPOSED VARIANTS

Variant A (red) is practically identical with the relaying of the road I/63 as for the position, the route of the road was stabilised ca 20 years ago in the relevant town and country planning documentation. In 2001, the Resolution of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 162/2001 defined the arrangement of highways and expressways on the territory of the Slovak Republic, while the Resolution of the Government of the Slovak Republic No. 523/2003 supplemented the arrangement also by the commencement of project preparation of the expressway of Bratislava - Nové Zámky - Lučenec (R7). On the basis of the given documents, the communication was re- classified from the connection to D4 in Ketelec intersection (formerly zero circuit) in the direction to Šamorín to expressway R7.

The given implies R7 in this variant starts on highway D4 in Ketelec intersection (in km 7.640 f D4). The route further continues closely touching CHKO Dunajské Luhy, passes through the cadastral territory of Nové Košariská and Jánošíková to the South-west and to the South f the residential zone f the village of Dunajská Lužná, between Kalinkovo and Dunajská Lužná it crosses the original Danube embankment and the road III/0635 and ca 2 km behind the residential area of the village of Dunajská Lužná it joins the road I/63 in Dunajská Lužná intersection.

As for the future operation of this section of R7 in variant A, we must say that without the construction of highway D4, minimally in the section of š.560 km, Ketelec intersection - Rovinka intersection (in km 11.200 of D4) and with the construction of Rovinka intersection (red variant) for the connection of road I/63, the section of R7 would not be operable. Also in the case of the construction of the given inevitable parts of the system, there is still unclear the question of its attraction with regards to the fact that without further investment, namely the construction of the connection of D4 (Ketelec intersection) with D1 (Prievoz intersection) that should ensure the elongation of Bajkalská ulica street pursuant to the valid ÚPN of Bratislava 2007 (the investment of the city of Bratislava), the route shall be significantly longer than the comparable section of road I/63. In this case, the mouth of such communication in Prievoz intersection is problematic to, since the capacity of the intersection would be full in 2010 already.

Variant C (green) starts on the highway D4 in Rovinka intersection (in km 12.090 D4) and continues in the North-east direction alongside the area of agricultural cooperative and passes above railway route of Bratislava – Komárno. Subsequently, it continues almost in a synchronous way with a railway to the North of gravel pit of Rovinka and Nové Košariská. It passes above the railway route of Bratislava – Komárno to the North-east of Nové Košariská gravel pit. In this variant R7 crosses the roads III/0632 and III/0634. The end of the proposed section of R7 of variant C is to the North-east of the built-up area of the part of Dunajská Lužná – Nová Lipnica. A grade separated rhomboid intersection Miloslavov is designed on the place of crossig the route of R7 with the rad III/0632 that shall provide for the traffic connection to the road R7 from the North and South part of the territory (Dunajská Lužná, Miloslavov, Studené). The connection of variant C to the road I/63 is projected by means of the feeder - relaying of the road III/0634 that shall provide for the connection to the road I/63 from the proposed intersection Dunajská Lužná to R7. The relaying of the road III/0634 shall also mediate the traffic connection to the road R7 from the North-east part of the territory (Alžbetin dvor, Miloslavov, Štvrtok na Ostrove). It shall be necessary to reclassify the road III/0634 to the road of class II for the above purpose. The connection of the starting section of variant C of the route

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R7 to the road I/63 shall be provided for by a short feeder "Podunajské Biskupice" that shall lead from "Rovinka" tubular intersection to the grade separated intersection "Podunajské Biskupice" on the road I/63 in the proximity of power distribution substation Podunajské Biskupice.

Variant C - green, of the route R7 with Podunajské Biskupice feeder may be constructed independent upon the construction of highway D4 as an individual construction of the bypass of villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná.

The Conditions for the the Construction of Assessed Variants

Variant A red - its operability is conditioned by the concurrent construction of the section of highway D4 from Ketelec intersection up to Rovinka intersection with the length of 3.560 km, or the connection of D4 and D1 behind the area of Slovnaft (local feeder communication – traffic connection of Bajkalská street and highway D4 - the investment of the city of Bratislava).

Variant C green - Podunajské Biskupice feeder shall provide for the connection of road I/63 to the beginning of R7 (highway D4 in the section from Ketelec intersection up to Rovinka intersection need not to be constructed) and the relaying of the road III/0634 shall connect road R7 to the road I/63 at the end of the section.

Especially important is the problem of the traffic connection of expressway R7 to the communication system of the city of Bratislava that must be dealt with in a complex way. On the basis of the traffic surveys and analyses (source: NDS, the Magistrate of the capital city of Bratislava), it is provable that the communication on the territory of the city in contact with the proposed R7 are unsuitable from the point of view of performance (e.g. Svornosti street as two- lane communication has nowadays the traffic load of 26,356 vehicles/24 hours).

For this reason it is necessary to consider the following modifications (related investments, that are however in the competence of the city of Bratislava) of the communication system of Bratislava:

 to adjust the existing Svornosti street by broadening to four-lane communication including the modification of strategic intersections with Slovnaftská and Popradská streets to multi- level crossings,

 to build a new four-lane "transport radial" that shall interconnect Bajkalská street from the intersection on D1 Prievoz and highway D4 by means of Ketelec intersection from transport point of view (defined in the urban planning documentation as the elongation of Bajkalská street).

The given modifications are defined and protected in the form of binding regulations by the up- dated and nowadays valid urban plan of Bratislava of 2007 or its amendments and supplementation 01 of 2008.

As for the width arrangement, the road R7 shall be 4-lane, directionally divided communication of category R 22,5/100. The joining and turning additional lanes in the intersections are proposed in the width of 3.50 m.

The width arrangement or expressway of category R 22,5/80 (4-lane directionally divided):

 traffic lane width 4 x 3.50 m

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 centre dividing belt width 1 x 3.00 m  internal guiding strip width 2 x 0.50 m  external guiding strip width 2 x 0.25 m  reinforced shoulder width 2 x 1.50 m  soft shoulder width, included in the free width 2 x 0.50 m category (free) width of expressway 22.50 m

The sample cross-section of the expressway is given on the following picture.

The design and assessment of the structure of roadways of the communications shall be in the zoning and planning decision documentation. It i supposed the roadway of expressway shall be designed as non-solid in the depth of ca 630 mm with the cover made of medium-grained mastic asphalt layer of 40 mm.

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The overview o basic indexes of expressway R7 in the section of Bratislava – Dunajská Lužná for variants A and C is given in the following Table:

measure Technical Characteristics unit Variant A Variant C

Length of the route ZÚ - KÚ km 7.040 6.977 Length of feeder roads to the road I/63 1.381 +1.475 km - (2.856) Length of D4 necessary for the operation km 3.560 - of R7 Functional length in total * km 10.600 9.833

Min. radius of direction curve m 3,750 1,500 Min. radius of valley-line vertical curve m 20,000 7,500 Min. radius of top-line vertical curve m 25,000 12,000 Max. longitudinal slope % 1.1 3.0 Min. longitudinal slope % 0.0 0.5 number/length pcs/m 2/152 2/225 Bridges on R7 area m² 3117 4713 number/length pcs/m 5/356 5/376 Bridges above R7 area m² 2670 2820 Anti-glare shields length/height m/m - 500/2.0 Anti-noise walls length/height m/m - 5,500/4.0

Drainage of R7 – road communication m 7000 6900 - oil product separator pcs 2 3

Vegetation treatments - R7 m² 119,830 150,000 - intersections m² 183,570 100,000

* The functional length corresponds to the necessary essential length that must be built so that R7 could be operable (it is the relevant section of D4 for variant A and feeder roads for variant C).

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF RELATED OBJECTS

Interchanges

Variant A (Red)

 Ketelec intersection at km 7.620 of D4 is proposed as full clover, with the adaptation of its shape to very skew crossing of D4 and R7. Since this is the crossing of two 4-lane, directionally divided communications, collectors are proposed for the case of intertwining, The intersection shall provide for the interconnection of highway D4 with expressway R7 and with the elongation of Bajkalská street in all transport directions.

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 Dunajská Lužná intersection shall provide for the connection of the R7 expressway to the related road network – road I/63. The intersection is proposed as incomplete clover while the connection of the Šamorín course with R7 shall be provided for in the continuation of road R7 in the subsequent GSI "Šamorín". Interweaving section on the route of R7 shall be dealt with by a collector. Within this study, they consider the complex construction of the intersection so that road transport on the other communications would no be disturbed when connecting the traffic from the continuation of R7.  Rovinka intersection in km 11.200 of D4 shall provide for the connection of the road I/63 to the highway D4 and through it to the expressway R7 in Ketelec intersection.

The schemes of the given intersections are displayed on the following pictures.

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Ketelec intersection - variant A - red

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Dunajská Lužná intersection - variant A - red

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Rovinka intersection - variant A - red

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Variant C (Green)

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 Rovinka intersection in km 12.100 of D4 is a clover-shaped intersection with collectors. The intersection is designed while respecting the territorial interests (the area of the manufacture of packed resin mixtures Strabag), the protected zones of buried services (VHV line, oil pipeline, product duct), crossings of the related communications with buried services. The connection of R7 to the road network shall be dealt with in this variant from Rovinka intersection through Podunajské Biskupice feeder, that shall connect to the road I/63 by grade separated tubular intersection (alt. level contact, traffic light controlled intersection) before Podunajské Biskupice distribution centre.

 Miloslavov intersection in km 3.600 of R7 is designed as complete rhomboid intersection. It deals with the crossing of the rad R7 with rad III/0632, where the road R7 is lead on the terrain and the road III/0632 is lead by a bridge object above expressway R7. With regards to the strengthening of the importance of the road III/0632, it shall be necessary to re-classify it to the road of class II and to condition its technical condition in the subsequent section.

 Dunajská Lužná intersection at the end of the section of variant C is designed as a complete rhomboid-shaped intersection. It deals with the crossing of the road R7 with the relaying of the road III/0634 that shall fulfil the "feeder" function in the section between the intersection and the road I/63. With regards to the strengthening of the importance of this communication, it shall be necessary to classify it as the road of class II and to deal with its technical condition also in the subsequent section. The relaying of the road III/0634 shall be connected to the road I/63 in a large circular intersection,

 Ketelec intersection in km 7.620 of D4 is designed as the connection of R7 (D4) with the foreseen elongation of Bajkalská street in all transport directions. The intersection shall be fully collision-free, tubular, while highway D4 shall be lead in the terrain level and above it, the road communication shall be lead on a bridge object (the elongation of Bajkalská street).

The schemes of the given intersections are displayed on the following pictures.

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Rovinka intersection - variant C - green

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Miloslavov intersection - variant C - green

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Dunajská Lužná intersection - variant C - green

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Ketelec intersection - variant C - green

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Road Waste Water Disposal System

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With regards to the leading of the route i the proximity of locations being the subject of the interest in nature protection, with regards to the leading of the route of R7 in CHVO Žitný ostrov, as well as in accordance with already standard requirement of the environmental authorities and organisations, we consider the need of a perfect treatment of rain water from the road prior t their release to recipients. Waters shall be drained from road through longitudinal concrete gutters (e.g. monolithic of "Gomaco" type) and street (rain) inlets with branches to the road waste water disposal system (from PE 100 - welded), and through oil substance separators (ORL) shall be after the treatment pumped or gravitationally let to the relevant courses or infiltration ditches. Road waste water disposal system shall be designed in sections depending upon the longitudinal slope and the possibility of the outfall to the relevant water courses with output value of 0.1 mg RL /l.

The technical study considers road waste water disposal system of the following length:

 variant A (red) - the length of 7,040 m

 variant C (red) - the length of 6,977 m

When designing the road waste water disposal system, it is possible to consider also infiltration as an alternative. For that purpose it shall be necessary to verify the suitability of geological and hydrogeological conditions in subsoil.

Relaying and Alterations of Road Communications

With regards to the location of the expressway R7 to the given territory it shall be necessary to modify the existing communication system in such a way its function would be preserved and the access to lands would not be restricted. The following scope of modifications and relaying works shall be needed for the individual variants of R7.

Name of the relaying (alteration) of a road Length in Variant Category communication m Relaying of special-purpose communication at km 0.000 of A P6/40 240 R7 Relaying of country road at km 0.760 of R7 P4/30 830 Relaying of country road at km 2.240 of R7 P4/30 858 Relaying of country road at km 3.540 of R7 P4/30 589 Relaying of road III/0635 at km 4.430 of R7 C 7.5/50 489 Relaying of road I/63 at Dunajská Lužná intersection C11.5/80 389 C Relaying of MK Podunajské Biskupice – Rovinka C7.5/50 650 Relaying of special-purpose communication to the Strabag C7.5/50 400 area Relaying of country road at km 1.845 of R7 P4/30 400 Relaying of road III/0632 at km 3.600 of R7 C9.5/70 400 Relaying of road III/0634 at km 6.342 of R7 P6/40 400 Relaying of country road alongside the road III/0634 at km P4/30 1000 6.977 of R7 The crossing of country roads with relaying of the road P4/30 200 III/0634 Relaying of road III/0634 at km 6.977 of R7 (Dunajská C7.5/50 2,540 Lužná feeder) (R11.5/60)

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Name of the relaying (alteration) of a road Length in Variant Category communication m Alteration of the road I/63 with a circular intersection of C11.5/60 325 Dunajská Lužná

Bridges

Directional and elevation leading of the directly relates to the designed communication leading on the bridge. The bridge type, its length and span further depends upon the character of bridged obstructions, terrain and geological conditions. The basic classification of bridges and their names in the study are based on the relation of the location of the main communication or branch of the intersection lead on the bridge. The variants of expressway R7 are main communications in this section of study in the individual variants.

The overview of bridges from the point of view of the location of the main communication is as follows:

R7 – variant A a) bridges on R7 - 2 length 152 m a) bridges above R7 - 5 length 356 m c) other bridges (in intersections, etc.) - 0 length 0 m

∑ 7 bridges length 508 m

R7 – variant C a) bridges on R7 - 2 length 225 m a) bridges above R7 - 5 length 376 m c) other bridges (in the intersections and on the feeder) - 3 length 214 m d) in Ketelec intersection - 1 length 67 m

∑ 11 bridges length 882 m

Noise reduction measures

The following noise reduction measures are proposed on the basis of the noise study:

Variant Proposed anti-noise measures Height (m) Length (m) A No anti-noise measures Anti-noise wall at km 2.000 - 5.000 of R7 to the right 4.00 3,000 C Anti-noise wall at km 4.900 - 5.900 of R7 to the left 4.00 1,000 Anti-noise wall at km 2.000 - 5.000 R7 to the right 4.00 1,500

Preparation of the area

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Preparation of the area suggests to remove all vegetation from the area of permanent land use and surfacing for the establishment of construction yards. Handling strips in the current flat area are not designed, particularly with regard to minimization of agricultural land use, interference in the territory which is the subject of conservation. The landscaping will consist of humus removal, storage of redundant humus to inter-deck and its subsequent treatment to re-use for the road humification. For larger bridge structures it is considered the establishment of construction yards (material dumps), all within the area of permanent land use. In case of the agreement with the users (e.g. with agricultural organizations, municipalities, etc.) it will be also possible to use other suitable surfaces.

Landscaping and alternative planting

Landscaping on the road and interchange branches will be multifunctional in order to protect slopes of terrestrial body against erosion, reduce the negative impact of transport on the nature and environment (to capture emissions and partly noise) and integrate the road in the landscape. Road embankment slopes and areas of the interchange branches will be covered with concentrated bush planting and group plantings of various species of trees to create a continuous green compact mass with the varied colour and heigh structure. Central dividing strip areas will be covered with grass and its central part will be planted with a continuous line of green bush. At the same time, a suitable bushy planting to lead animals under the bridge will be designed in places of animal migration along the fencing. Detailed selection of tree species will be performed in the next stage of project documentation, taking into account local climatic and soil conditions, the original native species and overall landscape. Hillside and other area humification and grassing is included in the cost of the lower structure of the relevant road. The scope of the supposed vegetation treatments in the individual variants fo route R7 is given in the following well-arranged table.

Option A C Area (m2) 303,400 250,000

Fencing

The entire section of expressway shall be fenced.

Access Roads to the Site, Construction Yards and Dumpings

During the construction, the access to the site for the individual construction parts (expressway, feeder, bridges) or construction yards, stock-piles and areas for site facilities shall be provided for using access road on existing roads that shall be adapted to the supposed load (surface reinforcement, or even broadening of a country road, local communication) and further on the route of the expressway under construction. Special accesses to the site for the purposes of the construction of expressway R7 are not proposed in the technical documentation. In principle, the access roads, construction yards and stock-piles may not be proposed in the territory protected by special regulations (nature and countryside protection, protected zones of water sources, in a built-up area, etc.). It shall be necessary to determine the particular proposal in the next stage of documentation while observing the conditions specified by state administration and self-government. The report proposes the supposed places for construction yards and access roads where these temporary objects could be established.

THE INDUCED INVESTMENTS:

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Relocations and adjustments to water mains

Each route is given in the tables by the proposed option:

Name of the relaying (alteration) of a water supply Option DN in mm Length in m system A km 0.600 800 0.0 guard with arm. channels at the ends 1,000 60.0 Dunajská Lužná intersection 800 520.0 guard with arm. channels at the ends 2x1000 40.0/+30.0 km 3.632 800 0.0 guard with channels at the ends 1,000 35.0 Relaying of road III/0634 (Dunajská Lužná feeder) 800 0.0 guard with channels at the ends 1000 20.0 C - feeder Pod. Biskupice km - 0.226 150 0.0 guard with channels at the ends 350 65/+18 - feeder Pod. Biskupice km -1.057 200 0.0 guard with channels at the ends 400 35.0

Modification to the existing sewer

The length and position (stationing) following the route concerned is given in the following table:

Option Sewer relocation (modification) name DN in mm Length in m A km 4.455 600 100.0 C Relaying of former road III/0634 at km 6.262 of R7 200 100.0

Modification of irrigation and draining systems

The following scope of necessary modification of the water supply systems is considered for the purposes of the presented study:

Option A C Scope of 33 - modification (ha)

Relocations and adjustments of gas pipelines

Length, profiles and stationing in contact with the gas pipelines are shown in the table below:

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Option Gas pipeline relocation (modification) name DN in mm Length in m C km 0.600 500 -40 0.0 - guard DN 700 700 85.0 km 0.881 500 -40 0.0 guard DN 700 700 55.0 km 0.600 200 0.0 guard DN 400 400 50 km 0.600 300 -40 0.0 guard DN 500 500 60 km 0.600 500 -40 0.0 guard DN 700 700 60.0

Relocations and adjustments to oil pipelines

The scope of the proposed modification is given in the following table:

Option Name of the relaying (alteration) of a oil pipeline DN in mm Length in m km 0.201 500 0.0 C guard DN 800 800 80.0 km 12.414 of highway D4 to the right - belongs to the 500 0.0 construction of D4 guard DN 800 800 30.0

Relayings and alterations of product ducts

The scope of the modification is given in the following table:

Variant Name of the relaying (alteration) of a product DN in mm Length in m duct C km 0.600 300 0.0 guard DN 500 500 80.0 km 0.600 2x250 0.0 guard DN 400 2x400 2x80.0 km 12.408 of highway D4 to the right - belongs to the 2x250 0.0 construction of D4 2x400 2x80 guard DN 700

Relayings of high power transmission line

Variant Name of the relaying of power transmission line Length in m A Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at Ketelec intersection 305 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at km 1.360 380

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Variant Name of the relaying of power transmission line Length in m Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at km 2.390 705 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at km 3.445 335 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at km 5.325 340 C Relaying of the VHV line 400/110 kV No. 439 at km 0.430 200 Relaying of the VHV line 400/110 kV No. 42/8499 at km 0.680 200 The projected relaying of VHV line 400 kV P. Biskupice - 200 Gabčíkovo - km 0.780 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at km 3.550 230 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV at km 5.910 300 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV in crossing with relaying of road 150 III/0634 Relaying of the VHV line 400 V No. 498 - feeder of Pod. 190 Biskupice km - 0.300 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV - feeder of Pod. Biskupice 315 km - 0.318 Relaying of the HV line 22 kV - feeder of Pod. Biskupice 214 km -1.137

Relayings of low current lines

The documentation considers the bellow stated scope of telephone and long-distance lines, it shall specify their scope and type in the next stages of the project documentation.

Variant A C Telephone lines (m) 1,100 1,200 Long-distance lines (m) 600 600

9. Options of the proposed activity

The proposed activity is designed in two variants in accordance with the scope of the assessment:

Variant A (red) starts on highway D4 at Ketelec intersection. The route further continues to the East in a close contact with the territories of nature and landscape protection (HCKO Dunajské Luhy) and with the territories of NATURA 2000 (ÚEV Biskupické luhy and CHVÚ Dunajské luhy). It further passes through the cadastral territory of Nové Košariská and Jánošíková to the South-west and to the South f the residential zone f the village of Dunajská Lužná, between Kalinkovo and Dunajská Lužná it crosses the original Danube embankment and the road III/0635 and ca 2 km behind the residential area of the village of Dunajská Lužná it joins the road I/63 in Dunajská Lužná intersection. As for the future operation of this section of R7 in variant A, we must say that without the construction o highway D4, minimally in the section of š.560 km, Ketelec intersection - Rovinka intersection and with the construction of Rovinka intersection (red variant) for the connection of road I/63, the section of R7 would not be operable. Also in the case of the construction of the given inevitable parts of the system, there is

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still unclear the question of its attraction with regards to the fact that without further investment, namely the construction of the connection of D4 (Ketelec intersection) with D1 (Prievoz intersection) that should ensure the elongation of Bajkalská ulica street pursuant to the valid ÚPN of Bratislava 2007 (the investment of the city of Bratislava), the route shall be significantly longer than the comparable section of road I/63. In this case, the mouth of such communication in Prievoz intersection is problematic to, since the capacity of the intersection would be full in 2010 already.

Variant C (green) starts on the highway D4 in Rovinka intersection (in km 12.090 D4) and continues in the North-east direction alongside the area of agricultural cooperative and passes above railway route of Bratislava – Komárno. Subsequently, it continues almost in a synchronous way with a railway to the North of gravel pit of Rovinka and Nové Košariská. It passes above the railway route of Bratislava – Komárno to the North-east of Nové Košariská gravel pit. In this variant R7 crosses the roads III/0632 and III/0634. The end of the proposed section of R7 of variant C is to the North-east of the built-up area of the part of Dunajská Lužná – Nová Lipnica. A grade separated rhomboid intersection Miloslavov is designed on the place of crossig the route of R7 with the rad III/0632 that shall provide for the traffic connection to the road R7 from the North and South part of the territory (Dunajská Lužná, Miloslavov, Studené). The connection of variant C to the road I/63 is projected by means of the feeder - relaying of the road III/0634 that shall provide for the connection to the road I/63 from the proposed intersection Dunajská Lužná to R7. The relaying of the road III/0634 shall also mediate the traffic connection to the road R7 from the North-east part of the territory (Alžbetin dvor, Miloslavov, Štvrtok na Ostrove). It shall be necessary to reclassify the road III/0634 to the road of class II for the above purpose. The connection of the starting section of variant C of the route R7 to the road I/63 shall be provided for by a short feeder "Podunajské Biskupice" that shall lead from "Rovinka" tubular intersection to the grade separated intersection "Podunajské Biskupice" on the road I/63 in the proximity of power distribution substation Podunajské Biskupice.

Variant C - green, of the route R7 with Podunajské Biskupice feeder may be constructed independent upon the construction of highway D4 as an individual construction of the bypass of villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná.

With regards to the fact that within the assessment it shall be necessary to consider also zero variant, it represents the existing road I/63 (E 575) in the direction of Bratislava - Šamorín, including the draft through the built-up territory o the concerned villages with its transport connections to the existing road network. Zero variant starts on the place of grade separated intersection of the rute of ŽSR on the road I/63 and continues in the direction of Bratislava - Šamorín. It passes through the built-up territory of the villages of Roinka and Dunajská Lužná. The end of zero variant is on the place of the considered grade separated intersection "Dunajská Lužná" in variant A (red), which is ca 1.500 km from the boundary of the built-up territory of the village of Dunajská Lužná in the direction to Šamorín on the road I/63. The problematic points in the given section of the road I/63 are represented in particular by the existing intersections and transport connections to the given road from the adjacent operations at insufficient distance, the level passages for pedestrians and cyclists.

10. Total Costs

The overview of informative costs on the construction of expressway R7 in the section of Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná is given in the following table:

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Functional Total Construction Construction Total Party elaborating the length of R7 costs costs costs costs documentation including net of net of VAT incl. VAT incl. VAT feeders VAT [SKK [SKK VARIANT [km] [SKK million] [SKK million] million] million] ALFA 04, a. s. 1.597 2.416 1.901 2.794 CÚ 2005 10.600 A CÚ 2008* (7.040 without D4) 1.813 2.742 2.157 3.263 (as of the 1st half of 2008) GEOCONSULT, s.r.o. 1.593 2.372 1.895 2.746 CÚ 2005 9.695 C CÚ 2008* 1.808 2.692 2.152 3.203 (as of the 1st half of 2008) * Index, using which the price level of 2005 was recalculated to 2008 is 1.135 – source: ŠÚSR Note: The table does not include all the costs of the implementation of the recommended technical measures for the minimisation of negative impacts on environment (see Chapter IV). In the case of variant C (green), the costs on the GSI intersection of "Miloslavov" and the modification of the route by its elongation by 75 m are not considered.

11. The Concerned Villages

 The capital city of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava  Bratislava - municipal part of Podunajské Biskupice  Rovinka  Dunajská Lužná  Miloslavov

12. The Concerned Self-government Region

 The Upper-tier Territorial Unit of Bratislava Region

13. The Concerned Authorities

 The Ministry of Transport, Posts and Telecommunications of the SR

 The Regional Authority of Bratislava

 The Regional Authority for Environment of Bratislava,

 The Regional Authority for Road Transport and Ground Communications of Bratislava

 The Regional Public Health Authority of Bratislava

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 The District Directorate of Fire and Rescue Corps of Bratislava

 The Authority for Regulation of Railway Transport of Bratislava

 The Regional Land Authority of Bratislava

14. Permitting body

 The Ministry of Transport, Posts and Telecommunications of the SR

 The capital city of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava

 Bratislava - municipal part of Podunajské Biskupice

 Village of Rovinka

 Municipality of Dunajská Lužná

 Village of Miloslavov

15. Department authority

 The Ministry of Transport, Posts and Telecommunications of the SR

16. The Expression on the Supposed Impacts of the Change in the Proposed Activity Going beyond the State Boundary

The impacts on environment of the proposed activity going beyond the state boundaries are not supposed.

B. THE DATA ON DIRECT IMPACTS OF THE PROPOSED ACTIVITY ON ENVIRONMENT INCLUDING HEALTH

I. REQUIREMENTS ON INPUTS

The brief balance of construction works is given in the following table:

meas ure Variant A Variant C unit Earthworks

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m³ filling 514,900 634,000 R7 m³ excavation 4,440

m³ filling 819,040 562,030

Intersections + feeder of Pod. Biskupice m³ excavation - 1600

m³ filling 84,230 145,900 Relaying (modificatio' of roads of class I.-III. m³ excavation - 500

m³ filling 97,175 56,315

Field and access roads m³ excavation - 0

filling m³ 1,515,345 1,404,785 In total m³ excavation - 6540

Roadways R7 m² 160,320 127,635 Intersections + feeder of Pod. Biskupice m² 74,170 58,306 Relaying (modificatio' of roads of class I.-III. m² 7,048 28,545 Field and access roads m² 7,580 12,800 number/leng pcs/m 2/152 2/225 Bridges on R7 th area m² 3117 4713 number/leng pcs/m 5/356 5/376 Bridges above R7 th area m² 2670 2820 length/heigh Anti-glare shields m/m - 500/2.0 t length/heigh Anti-noise walls m/m - 5500/4 t Drainage of R7 – road communication m 7000 6900 - oil product separator pcs 2 3 Relaying (modification, reconstruction'

- of water supply systems m 580 83

- ammelirations ha 5.56 33

- sewage m 100 100

- gas lines m - 310

- crude oil lines m - 110

- high power lines m 2,065 400

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- traction lines (prospective) pcs - 1620

- low power lines m 1,700 1800

Vegetation treatments - R7 m² 119,830 83 - intersections m² 183,570 33 Note: The table does not state the technical data of further investment conditioning the operability of variant A - red (the necessary length of D4, elongation of Bajkalská street) and also the proposed measures recommended in this Report (ecoducts).

1. Land

The land seizures were calculated for information in the Technical Study on the basis of the suppsoed seizure by the earth body of the proposed variants and they are stated in the following table:

Arable Meadow Arable Other Forest In total Variant land s and Soil Soil Soil (in ha) - irrigation pastures A 50.860 ha - - 2.581 ha 0.474 ha 53.915 C 13.235 ha 29.585 ha - 3.695 ha - 46.515

2. Water

Water uptake

The demands after water uptake during the construction works related to the construction of expressway consider mainly in the consumption of technological water (in particular for the production of concrete), drinking water for the employees at the construction site and the supply water for hygienic purposes within the individual construction yards. With regards to the supposed scope of construction works and construction technologies, the do not suppose the principal influence or the change in the contemporary system o water supply for the needs of the construction of R7 in the concerned territory.

Source of water

The supply of construction yards including the site facilities can be solved by the connection to the local water supply systems and water sources, while it shall be possible to build own water sources with regards to the favourable hydrogeological conditions. In the case of the connection just to the source of supply water, it is possible to supply the employees with drinking water using containers. Water consumption

The exact calculation of the consumed quantities (consumption) of water shall be made in technical documentation at the level of the implementation projects.

3. Raw Materials

The further raw materials that shall be used in the case of construction:

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 rocks and gravel (construction of roads, concrete structures)  asphalts (construction of roads)  cement (concrete works)  iron and steel (crash barriers, reinforcement, fencing)  other materials (engineering networks)

The type and quantities of necessary materials must be assessed at the level of the implementation projects. The claims for the provision of the raw materials shall be enforced by future contractor of the construction from the relevant producers.

4. Power Sources

The uptake of electric energy was not specified within the construction intention. It shall be necessary to deal with the method of the connection o construction yards to the existing low voltage network i the next stage of project preparation, as well as the supposed consumption of electric energy. The principal influence or a change in the contemporary system of supply with electric energy in the concerned territory for the needs of construction of R7 is not supposed.

5. Demands after Transport and Other Infrastructure

In the given territory, it shall be necessary to build the expressway that would deal with the partial transfer and relief of the traffic load from the existing road I/63 in the section of Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná with regards to the enormous increase in traffic. In the direct link to the given facts it shall be necessary to consider and harmonise in time the preparation and construction of the widening of Svornosti street (road I/63) to 4-lane communication. Furthermore, it shall be necessary to harmonise the preparation and contruction of highway D4 (so called zero circuit) at least in the section of Jarovce - Ivanka North and the local collector - the traffic interconnection of Bajkalská street and highway D4 at the GSI "Ketelec".

The demands for transport and other infrastructure are bound to the selection of more suitable variant. In the stage of road construction, there shall be an increased transport demand on road communications in relation to the need of supplying the construction site with raw materials. The access to the construction site as well as the individual structural objects shall be during the construction provided for on the existing roads and communications that shall be modified from construction point of view after the completion of the construction or even prior to the commencement of use if necessary. They suppose that the existing roads shall be used during the construction of the road for transport. Transport shall be point-restricted at the intersections with the existing roads or on the places of the connection of R7 to the existing road network.

During the construction, it shall be necessary to re-conciliate the use of transport infrastructure with the concerned villages, while their cleaning must be ensured, transport restriction must be minimised for the reason of the fluency of road traffic, etc.

6. Demands after Labour

During the construction of the road, the time of construction specified by the demandingness of the structural objects and the selected variant of the route shall be decisive from the point of view of labour. The number of persons working during the construction was not specified in the

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Technical Study. We suppose the construction intersection may serve as a source of local job opportunities to a certain extent, however just for certain professions. The demands after labour may be really assessed only in the implementation phase by the contractor.

II. DATA ON THE OUTPUTS

1. Air

Transport is one of the most significant sources of air pollution. From amongst the pollutants, carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbohydrates (CxHy) get to the air. For the conditions of the Slovak Republic, they specified the overall values of specific emissions from car transport (estimate for 1995-2005) - according to the methodology of calculation of air pollution from car transport.

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In general, the emissions from cars are dependant upon speed, longitudinal inclination of the communication and the composition of the traffic stream. In this regards, we must differentiate the air pollution during construction and during operation of the road.

According to the Act No. 478/2002 Coll. on air protection and the Regulation of the Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic No. 705/2002 Coll. on quality of air, the criteria of quality of air are expressed by limit values for pollutants stated by the following table

Basic Purpose Averaged Limit value * Note pollutant period 3 hourly limit value for 1 hours 200 μg/m NO2 must not limit value must be protection of human be exceeded more than achieved before health 18 times per calendar 2010* year Nitrogen annual limit value for calendar year 40 μg/m3 NO limit value must be oxides NO 2 2, protection of human achieved before NO x health 2010* 3 annual limit value for calendar year 30 μg/m NO2 protection of vegetation limit limit value for maximum daily 10 mg/m3 Carbon protection of human 8-hour average monoxide CO health 3 24-hour limit value 24 hours 50 μg/m PM10 must not value for protection of be exceeded more than Solid human health 35 times per calendar particles year 3 PM10 annual limit value for calendar year 40 μg/m PM10 protection of human health * limit to be achieved in 2010, a possible correction for 2008 and 2009 of +40 and + 20%

During the construction of the road, the source of air pollution shall be in particular the construction mechanisms on construction yards and the transport on the road site itself. The pollution with dust and emissions from intensive operation of heavy vehicles on operation communications shall be considered. In the contemporary stage, it is not possible to specify the quantities of pollutants in details since the composition of the machinery shall be specified only y the main supplier of the construction works.

During the operation, the road as well as other road communications shall represent in particular the line source of air pollution. Emissions produced by traffic on the road depend mostly on traffic intensity and continuousness, composition of the traffic flow, technical parameters of the vehicles, traffic mode, vehicle speed, and other factors such as road inclination, ambient temperature, wind, etc.

During the construction, production of emissions will be related to the organization of construction and movements of construction machinery and transportation in the vicinity of the inhabited area, as well as to the location of construction yards.

The performed model calculation (see the "Imission Study" annex, Ďurčanská, D., 2008) has proven that Alternative A shall have no unfavourable effects on the residential construction in

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the municipalities of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná. In the surroundings of the R7 expressway – alternative A, no concentrations of NO2 above the absorbed emission limit shall occur in years 2020 and 2030. In the period of years 2020 and 2030, the limit hourly values of NO2 for health -3 protection - 200 g.m will not be exceeded. The average annual limit values of NO2 concentration for the protection of health of humans - 40 g.m-3 will not exceed the permitted hygienic limit in the entire monitored period either. In 2020, the annual value will be equal Cpriem -3 -3 = 12.83 g.m , which is only 32% of the limit; in 2030, it will be Cpriem = 11.15 g.m , or 28% of the set hygienic limit.

Alternative C will not have unfavourable efects on the residential construction in the municipalities of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná either. In the surroundings of the R7 expressway – alternative C, no concentrations of NO2 above the absorbed emission limit shall occur in years 2020 and 2030. In the period of years 2020 and 2030, the limit hourly values of NO2 for health -3 protection - 200 g.m will not be exceeded. In 2020, the maximum daily value will be Cmax = -3 -3 95.28 g.m , which is only 47.5% of the limit; in 2030, it will be Cmax = 89.25 g.m , or 45% of the set hygienic limit. The average annual limit values of NO2 concentration for the protection of health of humans - 40 g.m-3 will not exceed the permitted hygienic limit in the entire monitored -3 period either. In 2020, the annual value will be equal Cpriem = 12.49 g.m , which is only 31 % of -3 the limit; in 2030, it will be Cpriem = 11.77 g.m , or 30% of the set hygienic limit.

The resulting values of concentrations of pollutants in air for the assessed alternatives, including zero alternative, are shown in the following tables:

Summary table of average annual and maximum daily concentrations of nitrogen dioxide NO2 in g.m-3

Rok C priem C max var. V0 V0 zost.A V0 zost.C Var. A Var. C var. V0 V0 zost.A V0 zost.C Var. A Var. C 2005 51,90 241,50 2020 61,13 21,04 13,18 12,83 12,49 224,90 98,50 94,86 81,83 95,28 2030 61,88 17,88 11,35 11,15 11,77 229,30 83,66 86,06 70,69 89,25

Summary table of avg. and max. concentrations of NO2 in per cent

Rok C priem C max var. V0 V0 zost.A V0 zost.C Var. A Var. C var. V0 V0 zost.A V0 zost.C Var. A Var. C 2005 100,00 100,00 2020 100,00 34,42 21,56 20,99 20,43 100,00 43,80 42,18 36,39 42,37 2030 100,00 28,89 18,34 18,02 19,02 100,00 36,48 37,53 30,83 38,92

Legend to the tables: V0 - zero variant V0zostA - zero variant + residual transport on variant A V0zostA - zero variant + residual transport on variant C

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2. Waste Water

During the construction f road it is necessary to consider several sources of water pollution and the production of waste waters, e.g:

 the used materials and substances harmful for water (fuels, oils, lubricants)  washings of pllutants from the used construction machines  waste water from construction yards

During the operation of road communications, waste water is produced, or contaminated precipitation water with regards to the operation of motor vehicles. The source of water pollution may be:

 washing from the surface of roads  waste water from the machinery used in road maintenance  leakage of hazardous substances from moving vehicles

The effects of waste water flowing from the surface of the road can influence the quality of subsurface waters. In case of large quantities and concentrations of pollutants with a high share of suspended substances (in cases of accidents only), waste waters may cause local polluting of subsurface waters.

The same danger is posed by the waste waters from winter treatment of the road. Chemicals have a very negative influence on a number of components of the environment, especially on soil and vegetation around the treated road, as well as on subsurface and surface waters, traffic vehicles, and roads themselves. The effects depend on the quantity of the applied grit, surface, category, and loading of the road, climate conditions, distribution of greenery and its salt- resistance, position of the road in the terrain, type of soil. etc.

The specification of the quantity of waste waters during construction will only be possible in further steps of project documentation.

During operation the estimated amount of waste water from R7 road shall be as follows:

Alternative A C Quantity in m3 per year 92,184 73,390

3. Waste

The question of creation and subsequent treatment of waste is a field related to all phases from the start of construction of the road until its operation. This is why in the next phase of project preparation, a project of waste treatment should be made, proposing a method of waste treatment and/or liquidation. The quantity of waste produced during construction of the road cannot be currently specified.

During the preparing and construction of the road, waste will be formed mostly by soil that won't be suitable for use in fills, and/or surplus of other soil, stems and roots, as well as potential landfill material discovered during the construction. Also, waste related to construction activities will be produced (wooden waste, removed roads, asphalts, concrete, etc.) as well as waste related to operation of vehicles and mechanisms. During renovation of the connecting roads and removal of original roads, bitumen waste (road surface) will be produced.

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During the production and operation of the R7 expressway Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná, various types and quantities of waste will be created. The types and quantities of waste classified according to the Regulation of the Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic no. 284/2001 Coll. defining the Waste Catalog as amended are presented as follows:

During the construction of the expressway:

Cat. No. Name of waste type Category

15 01 10 Packages comprising the residues of hazardous substances N or contaminated with hazardous substances 15 02 02 Absorbents, filtration materials, including oil filters, other N non specified, clothes for cleaning, protective cloths contaminated with hazardous substances 16 02 13 Rejected equipment comprising dangerous parts N other than stated in 160209 to 160212 17 01 01 Concrete O 17 02 01 Wood O 17 02 03 Plastic O 17 03 02 Bituminous mixtures other than stated in 170301 O 17 04 02 Aluminium O 17 04 05 Iron and steel O 17 04 11 Cables other than stated in 170410 O 17 05 03 Earth and rocks comprising hazardous substances N 17 05 04 Earth and rocks other than stated in 170503 O 17 05 05 Excavated earth comprising hazardous substances N 17 05 06 Excavated earth other than stated in 170505 O 17 05 07 Gravel from railway top comprising hazardous substances N 17 05 08 Gravel from railway top other than stated in 170507 O 17 06 03 Insulation materials consisting of hazardous substances N or comprising hazardous substances 17 06 04 Insulation material other than stated in 170601 and 170601 O 17 09 03 Other wastes from constructions and demolitions, including mixed waste N comprising hazardous substances 17 09 04 Mixed wastes from constructions and demolitions O other than stated in 170901, 170802 and 170903 20 02 01 Biologically decomposable waste O

During the operation of the rad:

Cat. No. Name of waste type Category

13 02 06 Synthetic motor, gearbox and lubricating oils N 15 01 10 Packages comprising the residues of hazardous substances N or contaminated with hazardous substances 15 02 02 Absorbents, filtration materials, including oil filters, other N non specified, clothes for cleaning, protective cloths contaminated with hazardous substances 16 01 04 Old vehicles N 16 02 13 Rejected equipment comprising dangerous parts N other than stated in 160209 to 160212

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17 02 01 Wood O 17 02 02 Glass O 17 02 03 Plastic O 17 03 02 Bituminous mixtures other than stated in 170301 O 17 04 05 Iron and steel O 17 05 03 Earth and rocks comprising hazardous substances N 17 05 04 Earth and rocks other than stated in 170503 O 17 05 05 Excavated earth comprising hazardous substances N 17 05 06 Excavated earth other than stated in 170505 O 20 02 01 Biologically decomposable waste O

All the works connected with handling with waste in particular during the construction of expressway R7 shall be ensured by suppliers on the contractual basis with the authorised persons.

When constructing and operating the planned expressway, also the biologically decomposable waste shall be produced - 200201 In accordance with POH SR, it shall be necessary to sort and subsequently recover the given type of waste by composting. In this regards both builder and operator of highway should consider also this alternative - to create the conditions for recycling o biologically decomposable waste - by composting.

The handling with waste during construction and operation shall be regulated in accordance with the strategy and concept of waste management of the Slovak Republic and in accordance with valid legal regulations for waste management. The basic principles of waste management shall be:

- prevention of waste origin - material and power recover o waste - environmentally suitable waste disposal

The prevention of the origin of wastes is possible in this case by a good organisation of work, the through separation of waste from the extracted natural material and the prevention of the origin of emergency situations, in particular during construction. The material recovery of waste may be considered for the case of waste concrete, iron-concrete and asphalt from object demolition, reinforced areas and roads. The recycling of the types of waste is possible directly in situ (mobile recycling units). The recycled materials should be preferentially used directly during the construction of a new communication. Environmentally suitable disposal of wastes shall be ensured by the supplier of construction works during the construction and the operator of the structure during the operation by establishing the contractual relationships with legal or natural persons authorised for the execution of the required type of activity.

The operator of the construction shall be obliged to draw the program of waste management after its putting into operation in accordance with valid legislative regulations. In addition, it shall be obliged to elaborated an operation directive for its employees regarding the handling with hazardous wastes, the emergency plan when handling with hazardous waste.

4. Noise and Vibrations

Noise Conditions

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The protection of environment against the unfavourable impacts of noise form transport is specified as well as noise by the Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic No. 549/2007 Coll. specifying the details on the allowed values of noise, infrasound and vibrations and on the requirements for the objectivisation of noise, infrasound and vibrations in environment.

V Table 1 of the Annex to the Regulation specifies the admissible values of the determining values of noise in external environment on the basis of category of the territory or a reference time interval.

In accordance with the quoted regulation, the given territory is classified as follows: a) cat. II - the area in front of windows of residential rooms of residential and family houses, the area in front of the windows of protected rooms of school buildings or other protected objects, recreation territories.

The admissible value of LAeq for ground transport is specified as follows:

Lp = 50 dB day and evening 45 dB night

(in the assessed territory, this regards points 4, 5, 6 and 7) b.) cat. III – territory as in category II in the proximity of highways, roads of class I and II, local communications with mass transport, railway routes and airports, urban centres (up to 100m)

The admissible value of LAeq for ground transport is specified by the value

Lp = 60 dB day and night 50 dB night

(it is not present in the assessed territory) c.) cat. IV - the territory without residential function, productio zones, areas of plants.

The admissible value of LAeq for ground transport is specified by the value

Lp = 70 dB day, evening

(in the assessed territory, this regards points 1, 2 and 3)

With regards to the analysis of noise situation in the territory affected by the proposed construction of expressway R7 it shall be necessary to differentiate the stage of road construction and its operation in accordance with the assessment of the impact of the operation of the road Expressway R7 Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná on the noise situation in the territory by Noise Study (Baláž V.,2008), forming the separate annex to the intention.

The construction works in all variant designs (save the zero variant, i.e. when the activity would not be carried out) represent the real risk of the increase of noise level in the residential zone. Noise shall act in a disturbing manner in particular in densely occupied zone of the village residential zone of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná, in particular on the route between the material sources or the construction yards and the construction itself. The attack by

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noise shall be limited by the working time and the overall length of construction works. By a suitable organisation of work, the optimisation of access roads to the site, the exclusion of work at night and during public holidays, it is possible to partially eliminate the negative effect.

The operation of the communication with the proposed parameters with supposed traffic intensity is a significant source of noise from transport. The problem of noise is demonstrated in the environment in the most notable way in relation of transport to the residential environment. Noise from car transport does not affect just certain objects, but the entire territories and building complexes. With the supposed increase in the transport, we may expect also anther increase in the values of noise before the façades o adjacent buildings on the road I/63. On contrary, after opening the expressway R7 Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná, it should come to the decrease in traffic in particular of transit cargo transport, which may contribute to the decrease in noise in the densely occupied village residential zone of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná on the road I/63.

The resulting values of LAeq in accordance with the Noise Study (Baláž V., 2008) are calculated for 7 characteristic points up to the distance of 500 m from the individual variants as follows:

Point 1: - Variant A (red) - km 4.600, to the left, section 1.1 - the object of agricultural production, Dunajská Lužná - distance of 300m, height of 3m

Point 2: - Variant C (green) - km 1.160, to the right, section 1.2 - the object of agricultural production, agricultural cooperative of Jevišovice - distance of 110m, height of 3m

Point 3: - Variant C (green) - km 2.000, to the right, section 1.1 - the object of industrial production, Stachema - distance of 380m, height of 3m

Point 4: - Variant C (green) - km 2.650, to the right, section 1.1 - the object of recreation area of Rovinka - distance of 380m, height of 5 m

Point 5: - Variant C (green) - km 4.500, to the right, section 2.2 - the object of recreation area of Košariská - distance of 360 m, height of 5 m

Point 6: - Variant C (green) - km 5.280, to the left, section 2.2 - the object of recreation area of Alžetin dvor - distance of 220m, height of 5 m

Point 7: - Variant C (green) - km 6.250, to the right, section 2.3 - the object of a new individual residential development (Nová Lipnica) - distance of 500m, height of 5 m

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The layout of the given points is displayed in the Annex to the Noise study being the separate part of the Report. The identified values have been compared to the permissible value of noise intensity as defined by the Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic no. 549/2007 Coll. The comparison of the identified values with the permissible noise intensity value identified exceeding of the limit value for most points (without anti-noise measures) as shown in the following table:

Variant Point Time LAeq in dB 2020 2030 Limit in accord with the Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the SR No. 549/2007 Coll. C 4 Day, evening 54.9 55.5 50 Night 48.8 49.3 45 5 Day, evening 55.3 55.8 50 Night 49.2 49.7 45 6 Day, evening 59.1 59.6 50 Night 53.0 53.5 45 7 Day, evening 52.3 52.8 50 Night 46.2 46.7 45

By comparing the achieved values of LAeq in the assessed points with allowable Lp it is clear that it shall be exceeded in points 4, 5, 6 and 7 in 2020 already (variant C - green).

The anti-noise measures of constructional and technical character are proposed in order t eliminate the unfavourable effect of noise on the trajectory of noise, i.e. anti-noise walls. The following anti-noise measures were proposed for the individual variants in the critical sections of R7:

Length Variant Proposed anti-noise measures Height (m) (m) Anti-noise wall at km 2.000 - 5.000 of R7 to the right 4.00 3,000 C Anti-noise wall at km 4.900 - 5.900 of R7 to the left 4.00 1,000 Anti-noise wall at km 2.000 - 5.000 R7 to the right 4.00 1,500

For zero variant, the noise limits are exceeded practically alongside the entire length of the road I/63 passing the residential area of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná. With regards to the fact, the newly constructed expressway shall take over a significant portion of transport from the contemporary communication I/63 from the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná, where the hygienic limits are exceeded, we may legitimately suppose it would come to the improvement of the situation by 4.2 to 8.4 dB in just these locations with a noise load.

Vibrations

The protection of environment against the unfavourable impacts of vibrations form transport is specified as well as noise by the Regulation of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic No.

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549/2007 Coll. specifying the details on the allowed values of noise, infrasound and vibrations and on the requirements for the ojectivisation of noise, infrasound and vibrations in environment.

With regards to the analysis of vibrations in the territory affected by the proposed construction of the expressway R7 it is necessary to differentiate between the stage of construction and its operation. The construction works represent in all variant solutions (save zero variant, i.e. when n activity is carried out' a real risk of the increase in vibrations in the residential zone, while they would act in a disturbing way in particular in densely resided zone of the village residential zone of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná, in particular on the route between the sources of materials or the construction yards and the structure itself. The attack by vibrations shall be limited by the working time and the overall length of construction works. By a suitable organisation of work, the optimisation of access roads to the site, the exclusion of work at night and during public holidays, it is possible to partially eliminate the negative effect.

The operation of the communication with the proposed parameters with supposed traffic intensity is a significant source of vibration from transport. The problem of vibrations is demonstrated in the environment in the most notable way in relation of transport to the residential environment. Vibrations from transport by car do not affect just the concerned population, but also the objects. With the supposed increase in the transport, we may expect also anther increase in the values of vibrations on the road I/63. On contrary, after opening the expressway R7 Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná, it shall come to the decrease in traffic in particular of transit cargo transport, which may contribute to the decrease in vibrations in the densely occupied village residential zone of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná on the road I/63. During the operation of R7, there is no supposition of a negative impact of vibrations on inhabitants and the objects with regards to their distance from the assessed variants.

5. Radiation and Other Physical Fields

During the construction and operation of the road, we do not suppose the production of radiation and other physical fields. The local production of heat and smell is probable on the places of construction yards, during asphalting, however the works shall take place in a sufficient distance from the built-up territory.

6. Smell and Other Outputs

During the construction and operation of the road, we suppose the local production of heat and smell and it shall be probable on the places of construction yards, mixing centres, during asphalting, etc., however the outputs may not be specified in details. Other outputs are not supposed.

7. Additional Data

The additional outputs are defined in particular by the induced investments required by the assessed activity. Their overview is given in part A of the Report. The terrain modifications in relation to the interference with the territory are of no significant character.

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C. THE COMPLEX CHARACTERISTICS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT, INCLUDING HEALTH

I. THE DEFINITION OF THE LIMITS OF THE CONCERNED TERRITORY

The designed expressway R7 in the section of Bratislava - Dunajská Lužbá passes in the proposed variants A and C through the territory of the villages of Bratislava - the municipal part of Podunajské BIskupice, Rovinka, Miloslavov and Dunajská Lužná. The wider assessed territory is on the map sheets 44-24-09, 10, 13, 14, 15, 19 and 20 - basic map layout SR 1:10 000.

II. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONTEMPORARY CONDITION OF ENVIRONMENT OF THE CONCERNED TERRITORY

The extent of the survey of the assessed territory from the point of view of the main components of environment is above standard within the territory of the Slovak Republic, with regards to the fact this is the territory in particular of the capital city of the Slovak Republic, Bratislava and the sub-urban zone created by the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná. The starting materials for the assessment of natural elements of environment are the carried out geological, pedological, forest surveys, base materials and databases archived in the relevant institutes and expert institutions (the Geological Service of the Slovak Republic, the Research Institute of Soil fertility, Lesoprojekt, the Slovak Hydrometeorological Institute, et.c) and in particular the intention - "Expressway R7 Bratislava - Dunajská Lužná, pursuant to the Act No. 24/2006 Coll. elaborated by Geoconsult Bratislava. In wider territor, several environmental studies was compiled in relation to the construction of greater investment intentions, while the basic

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materials about the countryside are summarized in the ÚPD of the city of Bratislava, the villages of Rovinka, Dunajská Lužná, Miloslavov and the Upper-tier Territorial Unit of Bratislava region.

The basic materials about the social and economical components of the countryside are located at the state administration authorities and self-government authorities as well as the expert institutes (the Slovak Statistic Office, the State Health Institute, the Archaeological Institute of the SAV, etc.)

The base materials were complemented by terrain survey of wider territory of interest carried out in November 2006 with the focus on the up-dating of base materials. Furthermore, the base materials were supplemented and consulted during the processing with the information obtained fro the state administration authorities and self-government authorities and the concerned organisations.

1. Geomorphological Situation

The territory of interest takes the easternmost part of Bratislava - the municipal part of Podunajské Biskupice and continues to the east in the territory of the villages of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná.

According to geomorphological classification (Mazúr, Lukniš 1984), the given territory belongs to the sub-province of Malá Dunajská kotlina Basin, the western margin of the Podunajská nížina Lowland, the Podunajská rovina Plain unit. The terrain is plain, with a moderate down-slope towards the south-east. From geomorphological point of view it is young structural lowland being shaped even nowadays. The persisting reduction of and accumulation activity of the Danube river acted in its shaping as the main geomorphological factors. The relief modelling is very slow nowadays and it takes place in particular by the activity of accumulation and erosion fluvial processes of the Danube River.

The Podunajská rovina Flatland creates the flat aggradation flatland taking over the wide zone alongside the Danube River. The relief is flat here with an inconsiderable segmentation. This monotonous flatland is sectioned only with oxbows and live river branches or hydrotechnological constructions erected in recent period within the waterworks Gabčíkovo. The elevation difference is about 3 m and it is given by the general decline of surface towards the SE, in any other case the elevation differences are not greater than 0.5 - 1.5 m.

From the point of view of the typological relief classification, the prevailing portion of the territory is characterised with fluvial relief.

2. Geological Situation

As for the regional geological classification of the West Carpathians, the territory of interest belongs to a single geotectonic structural unit – the Podunajská nížina Lowland.

The Podunajská nížina Lowlands forms a basin filled with neogene sediments. The subsoil of neogene forms the crystalline period of the Lesser Carpathians that was subjected to a heavy denudation during Mesozoic and at the beginning of Tertiary and its surface was rather flattened. However, the neogene period is a significant change in the geological development of the Podunajská nížina Lowland. Sedimentation in the outskirts part starts with sea transgression in a Peak Torton. The dominating member of the Peak Torton sediments is grey fine sandy

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clays, on the basis with sand, gravel and granite fragments. In this period, it also comes to the tectonic spinning off of the Lesser Carpathian mountain range related to the establishment of the marginal depression fractions, by which the Podunajská nížina Lowland) is earmarked at the SW.

After the interruption of sedimentation due to the Moldovia phase, a new transgression starts at the beginning of Sarmat, for which the synsedimental depressions of the basin alongside the Torton breaks are characteristic. The main representation belongs to the green-grey marly clays, on the base with coarse sands and gravels and cobblestones of the Lesser Carpathian granites.

At the end of Sarmat, due t the Attic phase, the sedimentation was again interrupted and upon the decrease of the basis on the beginning of Pannonian era, it comes t the transgression of the Caspian brackish lake. By this depression, the main period of the development of the Podunajská nížina Lowland and sediments of Pliocene attain a considerable superiority in the overall thickness of the Neogene fill. The Pannonian period is characterised with restless sedimentation and variegated facial development.

At the beginning of the Pont, the central part of the Podunajská nížina Lowland heavily depreciated and sedimentation attained lake character. From development point of view, the sediments of the Pont are considerably represented by variegated sandy marly clays, sporadically with the positions of marly sands, often agglutinated.

The sedimantation took place till the end of the Pont, finally it attained fluvial character where the highest members are gravel deposits of Levan Quanternary. By sedimentation of these layers, the development of Neogene of the Podunajská nížina Lowland, while its central part has been depressed further in Quaternary and its depressing tendency persists till today. It is proven in particular by the thickness of Quaternary Danubian sediments.

The contemporary relief of the lowland part of the territory (the Podunajská rovina Flatland) is the result of the Quaternary erosion and accumulation activity of the Danube river. The predominant part of the lowland territory is covered by the accumulation of fluvial sediments apparently of the Danube origin, which is proven by the Alpine origin of gravels.

The tectonic movements and climatic changes in Quaternary conditioned the creation of some terrace steps with the application of periglacial processes, during which massive alluvial cones were created on the place of a contact of the Lesser Carpathians and the lowland. However, the prevailing part of lowland is filled by the youngest gravel accumulation that is the part of the filler of alluvial flatland of the Danube River.

Greater part of the lowland area of the territory was an inundation territory of the Danube river in history, the consequence of which the youngest gravel accumulation is covered with floodplain sand-soil sediments. The relics of the meanders of the old water course are the oxbow lakes filled with sediments with a high portion of sapropels.

The geological structure of wider area belonging to the SW part of the Podunajská nížina Lowland is characteristic for entire areas, by the representation of the sediments of neogene and Quaternary.

The Neogen sediments are represented by molase formation with sub-formations of Miocene continental and sea and Pliocene limno-fluvial sediments. They are represented by the Pannonian and Pont rocks forming the subsoil for Quaternary formations. In the area of the

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Podunajská rovina Flatlant, the sediments are covered with the co-layer f fluvial sediments of the Danube River.

The neogene sediments are represented mainly by sandy calcareous clays and silts, clayey and silty fine-grain mica sands. The most widespread soils are fine-grain soils represented by medium- to highly-plastic clays, less with clays to sandy loams. The soils are mostly of grey and brown colour with the green, blue and rusty shades. Their consistence us solid, less rigid. Calcareous concretions are often in them. The reinforced areas are rare, sporadically claystones and siltstones occur. There are the locations of fine-grain mica clayey and argillaceous sands of grey and pale-brown colour regularly located in the layers. Sands are often agglutinated in disintegrating sandstones and siltstones. Sands are mostly water-bearing with tensed level

The Quaternary sediments are represented in the area of interest:

 by the complex of fluvial sediments,  by the complex of anthropogenic sediments,

In the complex of fluvial sediments it is possible to earmark:

 the facies of river bottom  the facies of alluvial shallow water  the facies o aggradation dams  the facies of floodplain sediments  the facies of oxbow lakes.

The sediments of the facies of river bottom belong to the most widespread ones in the given territory. The form medium-thick, higher medium-small little sorted sandy gravels, gravels and sands with gravel with a inconsiderable admixture of fine-grain fraction on the base. The alteration of layers and lenses of soils of variable grain, frequent wedging and locally diagonal layering, point out to the variable hydrodynamic conditions of sedimentation.

The offshore shoals facio can be assigned to sandy sediments represented by middle- and fine- loamy sands which have been sedimented under smooth hydrodynamic conditions in outlying shoals. Overlying clayey sands belong to aggradation mounds facio that sedimented under torrential conditions.

Fluvial sediments settling cycle is complete by alluvial deposits facio originated in the inundation zone. They are represented by loamy sands, sandy loams, loams and clays.

Occurrence of dead arms facio is limited to a few morphologically obvious relics of the Danube meanders, or are in the form of buried arms. They are represented by sandy and fine-grained soils often blended with organic substances.

The complex of anthropogenic sediments represents mainly fills in landscaping in built-up areas, respectively artificial embankments of roads. Local occurrence of landfills that were stored in the former gravel pits and clay pits.

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Engineering and Geological Situation

According to the engineering and geological zoning, the territory belongs tot he region of neogene tectonic grooves, the areas of intra-Carpathians lowlands – the Podunajská nížina Lowland.

There are engineering geological regions of valley river warps and neogene fine-grain sediments in the given territory.

Region of alluvial sediments

The region of alluvial sediments corresponds to the territory built by the complex of fluvial sediments with the highest representation. It is made of the facies of sediments of river bottom, the adjacent sandbanks, aggradational dams, alluvial sediments and oxbows. This is lithologically very variegated region, while gravel sediments of river bottom prevail.

According to STN 73 1001 it is the soil of class F3-MS - sand clay, F4-CS - sandy loam, F6-CI - loam with moderate plasticity (alluvial sediments, sediments of dead arms), S2-SP - sand badly graining, S3-S-F - sand blended with fine-grained soil, S4-SM - aluminum sand (off-shore shoals and aggradation moulds facio), G1-GW - gravel well graining, G2-GP - gravel badly graining, G3-G-F - gravel with admixture of fine-grained soil (riverbed facio).

According to STN 73 3050 we include soil to 1st to 3rd class of extractability.

The fluvial deposits region forms good (well tolerable riverbed sediments) to conditionally suitable building sites (less tolerable sediments of dead arms, high groundwater level).

Alluvial sediments are represented mainly by fine-grained soils, poorly suitable even unsuitable to form the bedrock for the road. Soils are frosty and even dangerously frosty and inconsistent in contact with water. Classification by suitability for the bedrock, we count with VII.-IX. class of soils. They are relatively suitable or even unsuitable for the use in embankments.

Sediments of dead arms are represented predominantly by fine-grained soils often with the occurrence of organic matter. Soils are dangerously frosty, unstable and highly inconsistent, mostly soft and mushy in consistency. They form the bedrock unsuitable for roads, while it also requires an intensive sanitation of such soil.

Sediments of offshore shoals and aggradation moulds are made up of mostly sandy soil. Soils are not frosty to moderate frosty, by suitability for the bedrock they belong to appropriate to conditionally suitable ones. Classification by suitability for the bedrock, we count with III.-VI. class of soils. They are very suitable or suitable for the use in embankments.

Neogene fine-grained sediment region

The region is prevailingly made of fine-grain sediments with the positions of loamy sands and sandy loams.

According to STN 73 1001 it is mainly soil of class F4-CS - sandy clay, F6-CL, CI - clay with low and medium plasticity and F8-CH - clay with high plasticity, sandy positions to class S4-SM - aluminum sand and S5-SC - clayey sand. According to STN 73 3050 we include the soils to 1st to 3rd class of extractability.

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Neogene fine-grained sediments region forms relatively suitable building sites (less resistant and sensitive fine-grained soil, tense groundwater levels). Excavation work may disturb stability of slopes.

Neogene sediments are represented mainly by fine-grained soils, poorly suitable even unsuitable to form the bedrock for the road. Soils are frosty and even dangerously frosty and inconsistent in contact with water. Classification by suitability for the bedrock, we count with VI.- IX. class of soils. They are relatively suitable or even unsuitable for the use in embankments.

Hydrogeological Situation

From the point of view of hydrogeological zoning of Slovakia, the given area belongs to the Q 052 – Quaternary of SW part of the Podunajská rovina Flatland region

Hydrogeological region Q 052 – Quaternary of SW part of the Podunajská rovina Flatland is the most significant in the entire Slovak Republic from water management point of view. This is a tectonic depression filled mainly by the Danube gravels.

Ground water in the area of interest is bound to two different geological and structural units with different hydrodynamic conditions of the water-bearing horizons. Neogene sediments of the Podunajská nížina Lowland as a unit make the impermeable subsoil for gravel fluvial sediments creating the most suitable environment for the accumulation of ground water.

Ground water in the neogene sediments is bound to sandy locations and in the marginal part of the Podunajská nížina Lowland also to permeable sandy and clastic rocks on the basis of neogene in the form of artesian horizons. The filtration coefficient of watered horizons varies between 1x10-4 – 5x10-5 m/s. Perhaps the slopes of the Small Carpathians make an infiltration area of Neogene waters.

Groundwater in quaternary sediments is accumulated mainly in fluvial deposits of gravel. Other sediments do not form suitable conditions for the accumulation of groundwater because of small power, low permeability and limited extension.

The most favourable of fluvial sediments for accumulation of ground water is the Danube sand and gravel deposits with suitable conditions of water infiltration by rainfall water and bank storage of surface water flows. Groundwater mode, that can be characterized from hydraulic point of view as uneven unsteady flow, is affected by the surface topography of Neogene sub- base and variable power and permeability of gravel sediments. The inconsistency also causes varying values of the filtration coefficient, ranging between 7x10-3 – 8x10-4 m/s.

Geodynamical Phenomena

No geodynamical processes are recorded in the lowland part of the territory of interest. However, under certain conditions it is possible to consider the suffosion due to a fast increase or decrease of levels in the surface streams.

According to STN 73 0036, Bratislava is located in the territory with the possibility of seismic shocks with the intensity of 7° M.C.S.

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Deposits of Mineral Resources

There are the deposits of gravel in the territory of interest, out of which some are already worked out (Nové Košariská), are exploited nowadays (Rovinka - the extension of mining is suspended due to the disaccord of the owners of the plots of land, Podunajské Biskupice, Ketelec), or ready for mining (Ketelec). Gravel pits that are not exploited are used mainly for recreational purposes (Nové Košariská lake, partially Rovinka lake). The overview of the deposits is given in the following table:

Location User of the deposit Commencement of Termination of mining mining Podunajské Biskupice Holcim, a.s. Bratislava Year 2006 Year 2014 – Ketelec Podunajské Biskupice AZ STAV, s.r.o. Year 2005 Year 2010 – Ketelec Bratislava Podunajské Biskupice Ančeta, s.r.o. Bratislava Year 2006 Year 2009 – Ketelec

There are some local gravel deposits which had been used for the local mining without adequate legislation and are currently unused, or are flooded and used for recreational purposes or fish farming. Many of them are buried (illegal dumps) mostly with shambles or industrial and municipal waste (e.g. by the road I/63 behind the village of D. Lužná) and reclaimed.

According to mineral resources, the gravel deposits in the Danube inundation were balanced at the stage of searching survey, which are currently a part of the water reservoir Hrušov after construction of Gabčíkovo dam. These are quality gravel deposits, which have not been exploited so far, or only in small quantities for the purposes of construction of Gabčíkovo dam.

The territory includes the Rovinka protected mining area created to protect a sand and gravel mine with a designated mining area where ALAS Slovakia is currenty mining, as well as the Šamorín I CHLÚ designated to protect a reserved crude oil and natural gas source without a designated mining area. The proposal of the land use plan of the municipality of Rovinka proposes to close down the Rovinka protected mining area. The borders of the mining area are drawn in the drawing of the current situation of the environment.

The Pollution of Rock Environment

The pollution of rock environment depends in particular upon the self-cleaning properties o rocks and their permeability. With regards to the fact the prevailing part of the assessed territory is formed by very well permeable gravel and sand deposits, the vulnerability to contamination of the rocks is very high. The pollution of rock environment was not monitored and quantified in the concerned territory, however we suppose that the contamination of rock environment in the proximity of the agglomeration of the city of Bratislava shall be caused in particular by the fallout of solid particles polluting air, the transfer of pollution by ground water and also by the use of chemical preparations in agricultural production.

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3. Soil Conditions

The soil cover in the monitored territory is under the influence of long-term anthropogenic activities in variegated erosion-accumulation countryside very heterogeneous. From amongst soil types, the soils represented here are prevailingly of hydromorphic character, there are partially semiterrestrial soils and the soils of terrestrial characters have been developed on old aggradational embankments, where the impact of ground water on soil-forming processes had ceased.

Overall, typical fluvisols dominated, lighter ones on fluvial sediments that are used in the section between Podunajské Biskupice, Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná as fertile agricultural soils. Rather significant portion of fluvisols is located alongside the Danube river under the remnants of inundated forests. Smaller enclaves of black typical carbonate soils, including their glei forms, are located in the local units alongside the Danube river and the Little Danube river.

There are glei subtypes of the above mentioned soil types and typical gleis in the depression locations of the Danube river meadows and under the inundated forest stands.

Black earth are developed on older aggradational embankments, without the impact of ground water level. They are located in the area to the south of Rovinka and Dunajská Lužná that is agriculturally used in an intense way.

The following soil types are represented in the given territory:

 carbonate chernozems,  carbonate fluvisols,  carbonate "chernozem" fluvisols.

Carbonate chernozems (ČMmc) are the dominating unit in the territory of interest. These souls are so called two-phase with molic humus horizon, that passes through the transient horizon to the substrates (A-C of the soil). Humus horizon of grey-black colour has the thickness of 30-45 cm. It goes rather suddenly (45-55 cm) to alluvial, loess-like substrates of carbonate character. Rather soon, the most frequently to the depth of 1 m(60-80 cm), they pass to Wǖrm gravels comprising the films of carbonates on cobbles. These soils are mostly loamy to loam-sandy. The characteristics together with the proximity of gravel subsoil make then very vulnerable - risky, since they are dried.

Carbonate fluvisols are represented in wider proximity of the given location by a subtype or "variety" that is not specially earmarked in the classification system, but in past they were called carbonate "chernozem" fluvisols. Since they were developed on Wǖrm- Holocene sediments, i.e. somehow older than the recent (Holocene), but without the inundation of the territory (save the branches), they have a dark humus horizon, not very typical for fluvisols. This shifts them to chernozem type from development point of view.

In addition to these naturally occurring soils, there are also the types conditioned or created by a man in the monitored territory.

 anthrosol– anthropogenic soils in the proximity of gravel pits, construction sites, in the plant areas, etc.  cultivated soils – they represent a special soil group (originally chernozem group) under orchards, modified by the human activity in upper horizons.

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Despite that the lowland character, the contemporary surface is wavy, which is caused by the presence of old branch systems. The old branches were blocked by new material that is unbalanced in grain. However, as far as grain is concerned, the light to medium-grain soils prevail. The following grain types of soils are represented:

 loamy-sandy soils  sandy-loamy soils  loamy soils.

The grain transition stages are sudden, the entire territory is unbalance from grain point of view with the representation of soils from loamy sandy soils through sandy-loamy soils up to loamy soils. Locally, there are gravel and stony soils from the surface or under the topsoil, with a rounded gravel and stones up to 25% and rarely even 50%. The soils are slightly alkaline, with carbonates content of 2-25%.

The bulk of the territory is covered with soils of the best bonito with BPEJ code 0001001, 0002002, 0002012, 0018003, 0036002. Among other BPEJ there are soils with the code 0014062, 0015005, 0003003, 0036032 and 0036042 (muck soils typical, carbonate, light to moderate, sandy and loamy-sand, drying, deep without skeleton, on the plane in very hot and very dry lowland climate region).

The long-term settlement of Bratislava led to the consequence that it came to the change in pedologic conditions in the urbanised zone. They found out that many territories are intoxicated and devastated. The original cover was totally removed in some locations and it was replaced with anthrosoil cover.

The contaminated soils were found in the following areas: Slovnaft, a.s., OLO, a.s. Point soil contamination occurs caused by the increased concentration of oil substances and heavy metals: Cr, Hg, Pb, As, Se, Ni, Cd, Sn, Pb, and Ag.

According to the contemporary measures of the contents of hazardous substances in soil, the concerned area is in category A, A1.. The soils in the concerned territory belong to the soils moderately endangered by water erosion (0 – 4 t.ha-1.year-1). Wind erosion does not represent more serious problem since it affects just 6.5% of the area of agricultural lands within the territory of the Slovak Republic.

The prevailing part of the territory of interest is exploited for agricultural purposes and it disposes of with high-quality soils. However, they were potentially contaminated in past with high level of chemisation of agricultural production and the used agents for the protection and nutrition of plants. Nowadays, the quantity of applied chemical substances is reduced and the contents of the foreign substances is gradually stabilised at the limit values.

4. Climate

From climatic point of view, the monitored territory may be classified in warm climatic area with the number of summer days with maximum air temperature of 25°C and higher in a year exceeding 50, with moderately wet sub-region, warm, moderately wet district, with moderate winter, with temperature in January above –3°C, in southern and south-eastern parts of the territory even moderately dry sub-region, warm, moderately dry district, with moderate winter and temperature in January above –3°C.

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From climatic and geographic point of view, the concerned territory is characterised with warm lowland climate with moderate inversion of temperatures, dry to moderate dry. The sum of temperatures of 10°C and more reach the values between 3,000 and 3,200, average temperature in January reaches –1 to –4 oC, average temperature in July reaches e 20.5 to 19.5 oC, annual amplitude of average monthly air temperature is 22-24 oC and annual precipitation reach 530 to 650 mm.

Air temperature

The average monthly temperatures and annual air temperature in °C in the years of 1999 - 2002 in Bratislava are presented by the following table:

Month 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 YEAR Year 19991 -0.2 0.7 7.2 11.6 16.1 18.2 21.1 19.2 18.3 10.6 3.4 0.7 10.6 20002 -1.6 3.8 5.8 14.1 17.8 20.6 18.7 21.8 15.2 12.9 8.1 2.0 11.6 20013 0.6 2.9 6.8 10.1 17.6 18.0 21.2 22.2 14.2 13.5 3.9 -3.5 10.6 20023 0.6 5.0 7.1 10.6 18.3 21.0 22.7 21.2 15.2 9.4 7.7 -0.6 11.5 Note: 1 Source: Statistic yearbook of the capital city of the SR, Bratislava 2000 2 Source: Statistic yearbook of the capital city of the SR, Bratislava 2001 3 Source: SHMÚ from the Bratislava - airport station

The coldest month (in average) in this area is January with average monthly temperature of - 1.8°C and the hottest month is July with average monthly temperature of 20.2 °C, thus the annual amplitude of monthly temperatures is 22.0°C. The depth of frost penetration with the index of frost of Im 350 is 94 cm

According to the long-term monitoring of SHMÚ, the average monthly air temperatures (oC) recorded at the station of Bratislava – airport are given in the following table.

Station I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII Year

Bratislava Airport -1.5 0.7 4.6 9.9 14.7 18.4 19.8 19.1 15.2 9.7 4.8 0.7 9.7

Precipitation

The precipitation situation of a certain place is determined by the prevailing atmospheric processes and local orographic conditions. Bratislava is located at the northern border of the Danube Lowlands, approximately 135 meters above sea level. In the west, the urbanized area enters the southern part of the Small Carpathians mountains with elevations up to 500 metres, continuing in the Záhorie Lowlands at its north-western foothills. The Danube, flowing through the southern part of the city, crated the depression in the Lesser Carpathians mountain range on the south-western part of the city, so called Devín gate. In Devínska brána gate, in particular in the case of North-west air flow, the nozzle effect applies, affecting the area distribution of precipitation on the territory of Bratislava to a certain extent.

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Average monthly precipitation per year is 579 mm. According to the long-term monitoring of SHMÚ, the average monthly precipitation (mm) recorded at the station of Bratislava – airport and Bratislava - Trnavská street are given in the following table.

Station Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Year

Airport mm 38 37 38 39 53 75 67 61 36 42 53 49 587

Trnavská mm 42 39 42 48 53 73 64 60 38 46 54 49 606

Windiness

One of the most important orographic factors for the climate of Bratislava is Devínska brána gate, formed by the antecedent recession of the Danube river to the south edge of Lesser Carpathians. This is the place, through which air masses input the Podunajská nížina Lowland from NW and N through the city, often accompanies with stormy wind and fast weather changes. Maximum of strong winds during a year falls on February to March period or April. Minimum of strong winds falls on the end of summer and beginning of autumn. Strong winds have north-west, north and south-east direction. Strong winds (60B) occur seldom. The territory of Bratislava with adjacent part of the Podunajská nížina Lowland belongs to the most windy territories of the Slovak Republic.

According to the long-term observations of SHMÚ, the average relative abundance of wind directions(%) and the average speed of wind (ms-1) recorded at the station of Bratislava – airport and Bratislava – Trnavská street, is given in the following tables:

Station calm N NE E SE S SW W NW

Airport 90 11.9 14.6 8.0 9.6 6.2 4.4 10.4 25.9

Trnavská 211 16.0 15.2 8.3 5.0 5.1 2.9 9.4 17.0

Station calm N NE E SE S SW W NW

Airport <1.5 3.8 2.4 2.8 3.6 3.8 2.8 4.0 4.7

Trnavská <1.5 2.9 1.6 1.6 2.3 2.4 2.1 3.0 3.9

Eight-direction wind roses

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Letisko Trnavská ul.

S S 5 4 SZ SV SZ 2 SV Z 0 V Z 0 V JZ JV JZ JV J J

5. Air

The south-east part of Bratislava is the territory with the greatest portion of industry in urban agglomeration, which is demonstrated also on the overall environmental load. The greatest portion on the deterioration of the quality of environment belongs to refinery, power energy, chemical industry and transport. From the point of view of the production of emissions of the basic pollutants, this part of Bratislava belongs to the greatest producers within the entire Slovak Republic, There are 31 large sources of air pollutions and ca 220 medium-sized sources of air pollution.

The quantity of released basic pollutants (BP) in the agglomeration of Bratislava for 2005 and the portion of five biggest (selected) operators f the sources - Slovnaft a.s. Bratislava, Bratislavská teplárenská a.s. , Paroplynový cyklus a.s., Volkswagen Slovakia a.s. and Odvoz a likvidácia odpadu a.s., is presented in the following table:

Type of basic TZL SO2 NOx CO TOC pollutant Quantity in t/year 379.79 9269.49 4607.49 934.20 249.33 Share of 5 basic 334.46 9092.16 4031.51 710.01 114.68 pollutants/year % share of 5 8.12 98.10 87.50 76.00 50.00 basic pollutants

There is a permanent increase in car traffic on the territory of the city recorded. With regards to the insufficient capacity of the existing road network (the problem o all large cities in Europe) and hitherto no created classic "by-pass ring". it comes to the worsening of the air pollution in the centre of the city.

The improvement in the quality of vehicles and technical inspection obligation may be considered to be a positive. Thanks to the replacement of lead petrols with unleaded petrols the contents of toxic lead has rapidly decreased in environment, however, it was replaced with the increase in the concentration of carcinogenic benzene. The most polluted location from traffic in Bratislava and in the Slovak Republic is the Trnavské mýto intersection.

In 2005, the monitoring stations in the Bratislava region have recorded the highest exceedings -3 of the 24-hour limit value of 50 µg.m for the PM10 pollutant (AMS Trnavské mýto – 103-times, AMS Mamateyova – 73-times, AMS Kamenné námestie 45-times).

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6. Hydrological Situation

Surface Water

From hydrogeographic point of view, the territory belongs to the main basin of the Danube river. The Slovak section of the Danube river belongs to the upper part of middle course, yet it still has the features of alpine character originated in all right-side tributaries springing in the Alps. On the basis of the data, the Danube river is the alpine type of a river. The minimum levels of the river occur in autumn and winter in the following months: October, November, December, January. Maximum levels are in the months: March, April, May, June and July, August. From the overall length of the Danube river of 2,800 km, the section of rkm 1,708.2 – 1,888.2 (the length of the river in the Slovak Republic is 172 km) touches the territory of the Slovak Republic. The catchment area above Bratislava is 131,388.2 km2, long-term average rate of flow is 1,992 m3.s-1. In addition to the main course, however, also its tributary, the Little Danube, is important from hydrological point of view.

In the recent period, the hydrological regime under Bratislava was significantly affected by the construction of waterworks of SVD Gabčíkovo. The following Table brings the overview of the basic statistic data about the Danube at Propeller station for the period from the repair of the gate on waterwork Gabčíkovo till 31 December 2003.

Minimum Maximum Average Fluctuation Statistics Number (m a.s.l.) (m a.s.l.) (m a.s.l.) (m) Value 130.25 138.15 131.99 7.90 3226

The level in the surface stream o the Danube River (propeller station) is nod dependant upon the quantity of precipitation in its immediate surroundings, but upon the quantity of melted snow and ice in the Alps.

The average monthly and extreme flow rates of the selected stations in the catchment area of the Danube River (m3.s-1) per 2004 are as follows:

Bratislava - Devín station Month 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year Qm 1810 1943 1961 2243 2154 2846 2215 1579 1552 1427 1412 1106 1852 Qmax 2004 4864 14/0124 Qmin 2004 838.3 D/M 05/01 D/M/ Qmax 1990 - 2003 103 15/08/24-2002 Qmin 1990-2003 754.9 D/M/Y 18/12/1991 Y 90 Bratislava station Month 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 Year Qm 180 1942 1958 2243 2155 2844 2217 1579 1552 1429 1411 1107 1852 9 Qmax 2004 4864 D/M/ 15/01/02 Qmin 2004 837.7 D/M 05/01 Qmax 1990 - 2003 10400 Y 15/07/11-1954 Qmin 1901-2003 580.0 D/M/Y 06/01 - 1909 Source: SHMÚ, Bratislava, Hydrological Yearbook for 2004, Surface Waters, Bratislava, 2005

The dominant portion in water pollution in the territory of interest belongs to the pollution coming from point sources. This is the release of waster water fro industrial facilities, in particular of chemical industry. Another potential sources of surface water pollution is waste water produced by domestic waste water and storm sewer. After the treatment in waste water treatment plant, the prevailing part of waste water is released to the Danube and the Little Danube rivers. As for the quality of surface water in the Danube above Bratislava, the influence of tributary of the

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Danube .-. the Morava river (purity class III and IV) can be seen. In the Bratislava (centre) collection point, the group of oxygen regime indicators and additional chemical indicators is in the 2nd purity class, the group of basic chemical indicators is in the 3rd purity class, and microbiological and biological indicators correspond to the 4th purity class. The contents o the monitored heavy metals is low, they correspond with purity class o I. The most significant point sources of pollution releasing waste water to the Danube and Little Danube River streams in the area of Bratislava are the water treatment plants (ČOV) of Petržalka, ÚČOV of Vrauňa, ČOV of Istrochem and ČOV of Slovnaft.

In total, the quality of surface water in the Danube has been moderately improved for long time, which is reflected in the decrease in the contents of nutrients CHSKMn, TOC, saprobe index and bacteria. The changes in the quality of water on the observation places in the Danube during a year correspond to the fluctuation of quality of water in Bratislava, that characterises the quality of water entering the territory affected by the construction of waterworks of Gabčíkovo.

Groundwater

The given territory is earmarked by the hydrogeological region Q 051 "Quaternary of the W margin of the Podunajská nížina Lowland".

From local hydrogeological point of view, we may systematically characterise the environment as follows:

Hydrogeological isolator – is represented by the rocks of neogene series of rocks represented by sandy clays with minimum circulation and accumulation of ground water. They are represented with highly and moderately plastic typ