DOCSLIB.ORG

Species Traits Shape the Relationship Between Local and Regional Species

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Species Traits Shape the Relationship Between Local and Regional Species Species traits shape the relationship between local and regional species abundance distributions 1,2 3,4 MURILO DANTAS DE MIRANDA, LUIS BORDA-DE-AGUA, 1,2,3,4, 5,6 HENRIQUE MIGUEL PEREIRA, AND THOMAS MERCKX 1Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Am Kirchtor 1, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany 2German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany 3CIBIO/InBIO, Centro de Investigacß~ao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos, Universidade do Porto, Campus Agrario de Vair~ao, Rua Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-601 Vair~ao, Portugal 4CEABN/InBIO, Centro de Ecologia Aplicada “Professor Baeta Neves”, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal 5Behavioural Ecology and Conservation Group, Biodiversity Research Centre, Earth and Life Institute, UCLouvain, Croix du Sud 4-5, bte L7.07.04, BE-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium 6Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, 3000, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland Citation: Dantas de Miranda, M., L. Borda-de-Agua, H. M. Pereira, and T. Merckx. 2019. Species traits shape the relationship between local and regional species abundance distributions. Ecosphere 10(5):e02750. 10.1002/ecs2.2750 Abstract. The species abundance distribution (SAD) depicts the relative abundance of species within a community, which is a key concept in ecology. Here, we test whether SADs are more likely to either follow a lognormal-like or follow a logseries-like distribution and how that may change with spatial scale. Our results show that the shape of SADs changes from logseries-like at small, plot scales to lognormal-like at large, land- scapescales.However,therateatwhichtheSAD’s shape changes also depends on species traits linked to the spatial distribution of individuals. Specifically, we show for oligophagous and small macro-moth species that a logseries distribution is more likely at small scales and a lognormal distribution is more likely at large scales, whereas the logseries distribution fits well at both small and large scales for polyphagous and large species. We also show that SAD moments scale as power laws as a function of spatial scale, and we assess the perfor- mance of Tchebichef moments and polynomials to reconstruct SADs at the landscape scale from information at local scales. Overall, the method performed well and reproduced the shapes of the empirical distributions. Key words: body size; countryside biogeography; host-plant specialization; Lepidoptera; moths; multi-habitat landscapes; raw moments; spatial scale; species abundance distribution; species traits; Tchebichef moments; Tchebichef polynomials. Received 22 October 2018; revised 2 April 2019; accepted 3 April 2019. Corresponding Editor: Robert R. Parmenter. Copyright: © 2019 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. E-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION species can also be useful in applied ecology and biodiversity management (Matthews and Whit- The species abundance distribution (SAD) taker 2015). As such, both theoretical and empir- describes the relative abundance of species ical studies have examined the influence on within a community, which is a central concept SADs of several environmental and biological in ecology and essential for theories on biodiver- variables, such as elevational and latitudinal sity and biogeography (McGill et al. 2007, Mat- gradients, niche differentiation, dispersal, and thews and Whittaker 2014, Arellano et al. 2017). ecological disturbance (Whittaker 1975, Hub- Analyses of SADs that enable the identification bell 1979, 2001, Magurran 2004, Arellano et al. of patterns in both commonness and rarity of 2017). ❖ www.esajournals.org 1 May 2019 ❖ Volume 10(5) ❖ Article e02750 DANTAS DE MIRANDA ET AL. Species abundance distributions—the distribu- others have focused on upscaling, trying to pre- tion of species into abundance classes—can take dict the regional SAD from SADs obtained at a variety of shapes. Fisher et al. (1943) first smaller scales using various methods, such as derived the logseries distribution to fit the SAD maximum-entropy and Bayesian methods of an abundance data set of Lepidoptera, thus (Magurran 2004, Harte et al. 2009, Zillio and He implicitly stating that it was a monotonically 2010). The method that we apply here, devel- decreasing distribution, with the maximum fre- oped by Borda-de-Agua et al. (2012), uses the quency for the singleton class. This was chal- raw moments of SADs (see Eq. 1 below) to lenged by Preston (1948, 1962) who pointed out describe the scaling properties of the SAD fol- that his data on bird species abundance led to a lowed by the application of the discrete Tchebi- SAD that had a bell-shaped curve with the maxi- chef moment and polynomial method to mum no longer occurring for the singleton class, reconstruct it at large scales. the rarest species. Furthermore, he pointed out The description of a SAD based on its that this maximum for intermediate classes was moments was first applied to data on tree and progressively revealed as more data were being shrub species in a 50-ha plot of tropical rainforest collected, that is, the concept of the veil line, in (Borda-de-Agua et al. 2012). By testing the the process revealing the tail of rare species. method within the 50-ha plot and then extrapo- Therefore, Preston clearly acknowledged that the lating the SAD for areas up to 5 km2, the authors shape of SADs was a function of the sample size, demonstrated the advantages of the Tchebichef and he suggested that SADs converge on a log- moment method over other upscaling methods. normal distribution as sample size increases. The The basic idea of this method is to describe the veiling line can arise for several reasons. One is SAD shape at different scales using the (raw) that some species may first go undetected and an moments of the SAD (the more the better): The increase in sampling effort may reveal more spe- first raw moment is the mean, the second raw cies; Chao et al. (2015) have suggested methods moment is related to the variance, and the third to deal with this issue. Another reason is that and fourth raw moments are related to the skew- species are not present everywhere, often show- ness and the kurtosis, respectively. When using ing some degree of aggregation, and hence, an this method, we are not concerned with the SAD increase in the size of the sampled area leads to at one spatial scale but, instead, with how the an increase in the number of species and, obvi- moments change as a function of the size of the ously, of individuals. In this paper, we deal solely area sampled and, especially, at the patterns with the latter issue. exhibited by the moments as a function of the The unveiling process results from increasing size of the area sampled. Previous work has sampling. Since collecting data to construct shown that the moments have a power law large-scale SADs is a time-consuming and eco- behavior as a function of area size (Borda-de-A nomically expensive endeavor, it remains elusive gua et al. 2012, 2017). If the moments exhibit a what the true shape of the SAD is for very large pattern, then their values can be extrapolated for samples, such as entire biogeographical (meta)- larger areas and the reconstruction of the SAD communities (but see ter Steege et al. 2006 and for hitherto unsampled area sizes. Different alter- Hubbell et al. 2008). It is a major challenge in natives exist for the reconstruction of a distribu- ecology to describe the regional SAD using sam- tion using (some) of its moments. Here, we use a ples characterized by a relatively small number method based on discrete Tchebichef moments of individuals or with data that cover only small and polynomials (Mukundan et al. 2001, Borda- areas relatively to the extent of the entire com- de-Agua et al. 2012). In summary, our approach munity. A key point that will move the study of consists of calculating the raw moments of the regional SADs forward is understanding how SADs at different scales, determining which ten- SADs in general are affected by spatial scale dencies the moments exhibit when plotted as a (McGill et al. 2007). Some studies have focused function of the sampled area, extrapolating the on downscaling (i.e., how species aggregation moments’ values for larger areas, and then using affects the shape of local SADs within a region; the discrete Tchebichef moments and polynomi- Dewdney 1998, Green and Plotkin 2007), while als to reconstruct the SAD. ❖ www.esajournals.org 2 May 2019 ❖ Volume 10(5) ❖ Article e02750 DANTAS DE MIRANDA ET AL. Actually, the above approach is closely We do so using a nested multi-site design in related to the one which is often adopted by three multi-habitat landscapes. Our focus is on ecologists studying the species–area relationship the species-rich group of macro-moths, which (SAR). These studies typically focus on how the allows us to test the effect of two traits linked to number of species changes as a function of spatial distribution: body size and host-plant area, a relationship that is well characterized by specialization. a power law. While the SAR relates to one sin- gle variable—the number of species—and is METHODS described by a single curve, for the description of the evolution of the SAD across scales, we Study area and sampling need to describe the evolution of a distribution We gathered species abundance data on function. Because a distribution is characterized macro-moths in the Castro Laboreiro area (ap- by its moments, such as the mean and variance, proximately 42°20 N, 8°100 W) within the we need a curve to describe the evolution of Peneda-Ger^es National Park, NW Portugal each moment: one to describe the evolution of (Fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Methods and Work Profile
    REVIEW OF THE KNOWN AND POTENTIAL BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS OF PHYTOPHTHORA AND THE LIKELY IMPACT ON ECOSYSTEM SERVICES JANUARY 2011 Simon Conyers Kate Somerwill Carmel Ramwell John Hughes Ruth Laybourn Naomi Jones Food and Environment Research Agency Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ 2 CONTENTS Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................... 8 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................ 13 1.1 Background ........................................................................................................................ 13 1.2 Objectives .......................................................................................................................... 15 2. Review of the potential impacts on species of higher trophic groups .................... 16 2.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 16 2.2 Methods ............................................................................................................................. 16 2.3 Results ............................................................................................................................... 17 2.4 Discussion .......................................................................................................................... 44 3. Review of the potential impacts on ecosystem services .......................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Winter Moth ( Operophtera Brumata) and Its Natural Enemies in Orkney
    Spatial ecology of an insect host-parasitoid-virus interaction: the winter moth ( Operophtera brumata) and its natural enemies in Orkney Simon Harold Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds Faculty of Biological Sciences September 2009 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is his own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement ©2009 The University of Leeds and Simon Harold ii Acknowledgements I gratefully acknowledge the support of my supervisors Steve Sait and Rosie Hails for their continued advice and support throughout the duration of the project. I particularly thank Steve for his patience, enthusiasm, and good humour over the four years—and especially for getting work back to me so quickly, more often than not because I had sent it at the eleventh hour. I would also like to express my gratitude to the Earth and Biosphere Institute (EBI) at the University of Leeds for funding this project in the first instance. Steve Carver also helped secure funding. The molecular work was additionally funded by both a NERC short-term grant, and funding from UKPOPNET, to whom I am also grateful. None of the fieldwork, and indeed the scope and scale of the project, would have been possible if not for the stellar cast of fieldworkers that made the journey to Orkney. They were (in order of appearance): Steve Sait, Rosie Hails, Jackie Osbourne, Bill Tyne, Cathy Fiedler, Ed Jones, Mike Boots, Sandra Brand, Shaun Dowman, Rachael Simister, Alan Reynolds, Kim Hutchings, James Rosindell, Rob Brown, Catherine Bourne, Audrey Zannesse, Leo Graves and Steven White.
    [Show full text]
  • Tese Final Sandro.Pdf
    UNIVERSIDADE DE ÉVORA ESCOLA DE CIÊNCIAS E TECNOLOGIA Departamento de Biologia Aspetos morfológicos dos insetos e sua importância na polinização Sandro Melo Cerqueira Orientador: Anabela Belo Mestrado em Biologia da Conservação Dissertação Évora, 2015 UNIVERSIDADE DE ÉVORA ESCOLA DE CIÊNCIAS E TECNOLOGIA Departamento de Biologia UNIVERSIDADE DE ÉVORA ESCOLA DE CIÊNCIAS E TECNOLOGIA Aspetos morfológicos dos insetos e sua importância na polinização Sandro Melo Cerqueira Orientador: Anabela Belo Mestrado em Biologia da Conservação Dissertação Évora, 2015 ―O que torna as coisas desconcertantes é o seu grau de complexidade, não a sua dimensão; uma estrela é mais simples do que um inseto‖ - Martin Rees, 1999. In ―Evolution of Insects‖, David Grimaldi and Michael S. Engel, Cambridge University Press Agradecimentos Em primeiro lugar gostaria de agradecer á Associação ―A Rocha‖ pela disponibilidade em fornecer os meios logísticos e técnicos necessários para a execução deste trabalho, em especial á Prof. Paula Banza pela sua ajuda e disponibilidade, por me ter passado o seu conhecimento e me ter acompanhado ao longo de todo o trabalho. Obrigado Jens D‘Haeseleer pela ajuda na identificação dos insetos e Drª Renata Medeiros pela ajuda na parte estatística. Quero agradecer á Prof. Anabelo Belo pela sua orientação, apoio e comentários. E por fim, aos meus pais e ao meu irmão, por todo o apoio financeiro e incentivo dado. A todas as pessoas que de algum modo contribuíram para que fosse possível a realização desta dissertação, muito obrigado. Índice A. Índice de Tabelas --------------------------------------------------------------------------6 B. Índice de Figuras---------------------------------------------------------------------------7 C. Resumo---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------9 D. Abstract ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------10 1. Introdução-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity Response to Land Use Change Across Scales
    Biodiversity response to land use change across scales Dissertation zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades der Naturwissenschaften (Dr. rer. nat.) der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät I - Biowissenschaften - der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle Wittenberg, vorgelegt von Herr Murilo Dantas de Miranda, M.Sc. geboren am 16.05.1986 in Ribeira do Pombal, Brasilien Namen der Gutacher: (1) Prof. Dr. Henrique Pereira - Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Deutschland (2) Prof. Dr. Ulrich Brose - Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena, Deutschland (3) Prof. Dr. Paulo Borges - Universidade dos Açores, Portugal Datum der Verteidigung: 04 Juli 2017 Dedico as minhas mainhas e a meu painho Contents List of Tables 5 List of Figures 7 Summary 9 Chapter 1: Introduction 11 Land use change and biodiversity . 11 Diversity components: alpha, beta and gamma diversity . 12 Species abundance distribution . 14 Chapter overview . 16 Chapter 2: Testing the habitat amount hypothesis 23 Chapter 3: Moth diversity patterns under farmland abandonment 60 Chapter 4: Species traits shape the relationship between local and regional SADs 84 Chapter 5: Synthesis 112 Habitat amount, not patch size and isolation . 112 Moth diversity patterns under farmland abandonment . 114 Species traits shape the relationship between local and regional SADs 115 Appendix 121 Curriculum Vitae . 121 List of publications and conference participations . 123 Authors’ contributions . 125 Eigenständigkeitserklärung . 126 List of Tables 1 Fit output of both classic and countryside species-area relationship (SAR) models. 32 2 Ranking and autocovariate model output following the Information-Theoretic approach of five statistical models explaining species richness for forest (A) and meadow (B) species as a function of forest habitat amount (Hab) at the 160 and 320 m radius scale, respectevily, patch size (Size), distance to nearest patch (Dist), and their interactions with habitat amount (Hab:Size and Hab:Dist), both with (A/B1) and without (A/B2) spatial autocorrelation (AS) .
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Host-Plant Relationships of 29 Mediterraneanlepidoptera Species
    SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología ISSN: 0300-5267 [email protected] Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología España Hausmann, A.; Scalercio, S. Host-plant relationships of 29 MediterraneanLepidoptera species in forested ecosystemsunveiled by DNA Barcoding(Insecta: Lepidoptera) SHILAP Revista de Lepidopterología, vol. 44, núm. 175, septiembre, 2016, pp. 463-471 Sociedad Hispano-Luso-Americana de Lepidopterología Madrid, España Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45549999011 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative SHILAP Revta. lepid., 44 (175) septiembre 2016: 463-471 eISSN: 2340-4078 ISSN: 0300-5267 Host-plant relationships of 29 Mediterranean Lepidoptera species in forested ecosystems unveiled by DNA Barcoding (Insecta: Lepidoptera) A. Hausmann & S. Scalercio Abstract A total of 45 Lepidoptera larvae were collected in ethanol from 16 target plant species in southern Italy, requiring a few hours of field work only. Identification was performed by DNA barcoding unveiling host-plant relationships for 29 Lepidoptera species. The authors propose a larger-scale approach using this rapid and efficient method and encourage entomologists to join the team. KEY WORDS: Insecta, Lepidoptera, caterpillar, feeding behavior, tree species, larval identification, Italy. Relación de las plantas nutricias de 29 especies de Lepidoptera mediterráneas en ecosistemas forestales revelados por el Código de barras de ADN (Insecta: Lepidoptera) Resumen Se colectaron un total de 45 larvas de Lepidoptera en etanol de 16 especies de plantas en el sur de Italia, requiriendo sólo unas pocas horas de trabajo de campo.
    [Show full text]
  • Criteria for the Selection of Local Wildlife Sites in Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire
    Criteria for the Selection of Local Wildlife Sites in Berkshire, Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire Version Date Authors Notes 4.0 January 2009 MHa, MCH, PB, MD, AMcV Edits and updates from wider consultation group 5.0 May 2009 MHa, MCH, PB, MD, AMcV, GDB, RM Additional edits and corrections 6.0 November 2009 Mha, GH, AF, GDB, RM Additional edits and corrections This document was prepared by Buckinghamshire and Milton Keynes Environmental Records Centre (BMERC) and Thames Valley Environmental Records Centre (TVERC) and commissioned by the Oxfordshire and Berkshire Local Authorities and by Buckinghamshire County Council Contents 1.0 Introduction..............................................................................................4 2.0 Selection Criteria for Local Wildlife Sites .....................................................6 3.0 Where does a Local Wildlife Site start and finish? Drawing the line............. 17 4.0 UKBAP Habitat descriptions ………………………………………………………………….19 4.1 Lowland Calcareous Grassland………………………………………………………… 20 4.2 Lowland Dry Acid Grassland................................................................ 23 4.3 Lowland Meadows.............................................................................. 26 4.4 Lowland heathland............................................................................. 29 4.5 Eutrophic Standing Water ................................................................... 32 4.6. Mesotrophic Lakes ............................................................................ 35 4.7
    [Show full text]
  • This Electronic Thesis Or Dissertation Has Been Downloaded from Explore Bristol Research
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from Explore Bristol Research, http://research-information.bristol.ac.uk Author: Carvalheiro, Luisa Mafalda Gigante Title: Impact and management of invasive plant species : a food web approach General rights Access to the thesis is subject to the Creative Commons Attribution - NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International Public License. A copy of this may be found at https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode This license sets out your rights and the restrictions that apply to your access to the thesis so it is important you read this before proceeding. Take down policy Some pages of this thesis may have been removed for copyright restrictions prior to having it been deposited in Explore Bristol Research. However, if you have discovered material within the thesis that you consider to be unlawful e.g. breaches of copyright (either yours or that of a third party) or any other law, including but not limited to those relating to patent, trademark, confidentiality, data protection, obscenity, defamation, libel, then please contact [email protected] and include the following information in your message: •Your contact details •Bibliographic details for the item, including a URL •An outline nature of the complaint Your claim will be investigated and, where appropriate, the item in question will be removed from public view as soon as possible. llDI IMPACT AND MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE PLANT SPECIES: A FOOD WEB APPROACH Luisa Mafalda Gigante Carvalheiro A thesis submitted to the University of Bristol in accordancewith the requirementsof the degreeof Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Science School of Biological Sciences December2007 Word Count: 32 381 ABSTRACT Invasive plants can significantly affect ecosystems.
    [Show full text]
  • Hampshire & Isle of Wight Butterfly & Moth Report 2013
    Butterfly Conservation HAMPSHIRE & ISLE OF WIGHT BUTTERFLY & MOTH REPORT 2013 Contents Page Introduction – Mike Wall 2 The butterfly and moth year 2013 – Tim Norriss 3 Branch reserves updates Bentley Station Meadow – Jayne Chapman 5 Magdalen Hill Down – Jenny Mallett 8 Yew Hill – Brian Fletcher 9 Dukes on the Edge – Dan Hoare 11 Reflections on Mothing – Barry Goater 13 Brown Hairstreak – Henry Edmunds 18 Obituary: Tony Dobson – Mike Wall 19 Hampshire & Isle of Wight Moth Weekend 2013 – Mike Wall 21 Common Species Summary 24 Branch photographic competition 26 Alternative Mothing – Tim Norriss 28 Great Butterfly Race 2013 – Lynn Fomison 29 Weather report 2013 – Dave Owen 30 Glossary of terms 32 Butterfly report 2013 33 Butterfly record coverage 2013 33 Summary of earliest-latest butterfly sightings 2013 34 2012-2013 butterfly trends in Hampshire & Isle of Wight 35 Species accounts 36 Moth report 2013 72 Editorial 72 Moth record coverage 2013 73 Species accounts 74 List of observers 146 Index to Butterfly Species Accounts 152 1 Introduction I have pleasure in writing this, my first introduction as Chairman of the Branch. When I joined Butterfly Conservation some ten years ago, as a new recruit to the wonderful world of moths, I never envisaged becoming part of the main committee let alone finding myself on this ‘lofty perch’! Firstly, I would like to register my and the Branch’s thanks to Pete Eeles for his support and enthusiasm for the branch during his time as chair, despite the pressures of a job that often saw him away from the country, and to the other members of the main committee for their support and enthusiasm over the past twelve months.
    [Show full text]
  • Geometridae, Noctuidae) Del Parque Natural De Cebollera (La Rioja)
    ZUBIA. Monográfico 11 157-185 Logroño 1999 CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONOCIMIENTO DE LEPIDÓP- TEROS INVERNALES (GEOMETRIDAE, NOCTUIDAE) DEL PARQUE NATURAL DE CEBOLLERA (LA RIOJA) Tomás Latasa Asso* Andrés Garzón Sánchez* RESUMEN A lo largo del año 2000 (abril a diciembre), los autores desarrollaron un proyecto financiado por el Centro Europeo de Información y Promoción (CEIP) y por la Dirección del Medio Natural del Gobierno de La Rioja, con el fin de elaborar un catálogo de Lepidópteros del Parque Natural "Sierra de Cebollera" en La Rioja, ubicado en los términos municipales de Villoslada de Cameros y Lumbreras. Se clasificaron 353 especies de Macrolepidópteros. Habiendo continuado las salidas de campo durante el año 2001, el presente trabajo describe especies invernales capturadas los meses de enero, febrero y marzo de 2001, que complementan el catálogo del Parque. Se citan 11 especies de Geometridae y 11 Noctuidae, de las que 18 especies son nuevas para el Parque, por lo que el total de especies censadas desde mayo del año 2000 hasta marzo de 2001 asciende a 371, lo que supone el 20, 43% de la fauna de la Península Ibérica y Baleares. Palabras clave: Contribución, Lepidópteros, invernales, Geometridae, Noctuidae, Cebollera, La Rioja. During 2000 (from April to December), the authors developed a project financed by the CEIP and the DGMN (department belonging to the Government of La Rioja) in order to elaborate a catalogue of butterflies Macrolepidóptera living in the Natural Park of Sierra Cebollera, in La Rioja, situated in the counties of Villoslada de Cameros * ADEMAR. C/ Milicias 1-bis, 26.003 LOGROÑO 157 TOMÁS LATASAASSO y ANDRÉS GARZÓN SÁNCHEZ and Lumbreras.
    [Show full text]
  • Butterfly and Moth Report 2017
    Surrey & SW London Branch of Butterfly Conservation Butterfly and Moth Report 2017 Contents Introduction Page 3 Weather report 2017 Page 4 Conservation Strategy Page 6 Butterfly report Page 7 Moth report Page 16 Garden Moth Scheme Page 30 Hairstreaks Page 31 Transect report Page 34 Small Blue project Page 36 Oaken Wood Reserve Page 38 Area covered by this Report The Branch area covers Vice-County 17, the borders of Surrey as they were in 1852 when the vice-counties were introduced for biological recording. Broadly, VC17 comprises the modern county of Surrey plus: • Inner London boroughs of Wandsworth, Lambeth and Southwark • Outer London Boroughs of Kingston upon Thames, Merton, Richmond upon Thames, Sutton and Croydon; • The area around Gatwick Airport Spelthorne District (north of the Thames) is in the modern county of Surrey, but is outside VC17. Definitions Occupancy: a statistical measure of the distribution of a species, using the probability of detecting the species within a given monad (1km x 1km square) for the vice-county. Records from all sources are used in the calculations. Abundance: a statistical measure that enables the population size to be compared year by year. UKBMS Transect data from the vice-county are used in the calculations, where a site has been monitored for at least four years. Total number of butterflies: the number of individual butterflies recorded, from all sources. Total number of records: the number of records received, each of which may be of one butterfly or many. 2 Surrey & SW London Branch, Butterfly and Moth Report 2017 Introduction Simon Saville, Branch Chairman 2017 was a year of mixed fortunes for Surrey’s butterflies and moths.
    [Show full text]
  • Moth Study and Survey
    Acknowledgements by the Friends of Durlston Our thanks go to the surveyor for the immense amount of hard work he has put into the field work and the presentation of his survey results. We would also like to thank all those photographers who have agreed for their work to be included in this report. In case of doubt, the photographs are representative of the species illustrated and, apart from the photomosaic facing page 1, were not taken at Durlston Country Park. Finally, we acknowledge with gratitude the generous legacy of the late Enid Rogers which made the commissioning of the Survey and Study possible, and to whom this report is dedicated. Simon Kidner Honorary Treasurer, Friends of Durlston August 2007 © 2007 Durlston Country Park unless indicated otherwise CONTENTS Preface 1. Background 2. Scope of study and site description 3. Habitat categories 4. Method 5. Survey highlights 6. Results by habitat type 6.1. Herb-rich grassland – short turf 6.2. Herb-rich grassland – medium sward 6.3. Herb-rich grassland – tall sward 6.4. Hay meadow 6.5. Disturbed soil and verge 6.6. Scrub 6.7. Wood and Hedge 6.8. Ditch, pond and steep 6.9. Cliff and dry-stone walls 7. Summary of recommendations Appendices A Habitat types by relative area B Habitat type by compartment C Target Lepidoptera species by habitat category and status D Main foodplants in each habitat category E Alphabetical list of micromoths recorded in survey F Alphabetical list of macromoths recorded in survey G Top 30 macromoths by number recorded in survey H Lepidoptera recorded at Durlston Country Park in 2006 survey A selection of moths caught in the light trap at the Visitor Centre.
    [Show full text]
  • Collembola and Lepidoptera) in Different Forest Types: an Example in the French Pyrenees
    Diversity 2011, 3, 693-711; doi:10.3390/d3040693 OPEN ACCESS diversity ISSN 1424-2818 www.mdpi.com/journal/diversity Article Illustration of the Structure of Arthropod Assemblages (Collembola and Lepidoptera) in Different Forest Types: An Example in the French Pyrenees Carine Luque 1, Luc Legal 1,*, Peter Winterton 2, Nestor A. Mariano 3 and Charles Gers 1 1 ECOLAB, UMR 5245 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, Bat IVR3, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France; E-Mails: [email protected] (C.L.); [email protected] (C.G.) 2 UFR LV, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France; E-Mail: [email protected] 3 Departamento de Ecologia CIByC, Universidad Autonoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos C.P. 62209, Mexico; E-Mail: [email protected] * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: [email protected]; Tel.: +33-0-561556136. Received: 18 August 2011; in revised form: 8 November 2011 / Accepted: 8 November 2011 / Published: 18 November 2011 Abstract: To analyze the impact of management choices on diversity in Pyrenean forests, we selected two ecological indicators: springtails; indicators of long-term responses to perturbation, and moths; which respond quickly to changes in their environment. Our data show that monoculture has a short-term impact on overall diversity and richness of species but with a relative resilience capacity of the forest ecosystem. More precisely, real impacts are visible on dynamics and abundances of certain species, depending on the vertical distribution of the biota and on the composition of soil and forest floor. Keywords: forest structure; dynamics of diversity; Collembola; Lepidoptera; Heterocera; Pyrenees Diversity 2011, 3 694 1.
    [Show full text]