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Exploitation of Lycaenid-Ant Mutualisms by Braconid Parasitoids
31(3-4):153-168,Journal of Research 1992 on the Lepidoptera 31(3-4):153-168, 1992 153 Exploitation of lycaenid-ant mutualisms by braconid parasitoids Konrad Fiedler1, Peter Seufert1, Naomi E. Pierce2, John G. Pearson3 and Hans-Thomas Baumgarten1 1 Theodor-Boveri-Zentrum für Biowissenschaften, Lehrstuhl Zoologie II, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany 2 Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138-2902, USA 3 Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Western State College, Gunnison, CO 81230, USA Abstract. Larvae of 17 Lycaenidae butterfly species from Europe, North America, South East Asia and Australia were observed to retain at least some of their adaptations related to myrmecophily even after parasitic braconid larvae have emerged from them. The myrme- cophilous glandular organs and vibratory muscles of such larval carcasses remain functional for up to 8 days. The cuticle of lycaenid larvae contains extractable “adoption substances” which elicit anten- nal drumming in their tending ants. These adoption substances, as well, appear to persist in a functional state beyond parasitoid emer- gence, and the larval carcasses are hence tended much like healthy caterpillars. In all examples, the braconids may receive selective advantages through myrmecophily of their host larvae, instead of being suppressed by the ant guard. Interactions where parasitoids exploit the ant-mutualism of their lycaenid hosts have as yet been recorded only from the Apanteles group in the Braconidae- Microgasterinae. KEY WORDS: Lycaenidae, Formicidae, myrmecophily, adoption sub- stances, parasitoids, Braconidae, Apanteles, defensive mechanisms INTRODUCTION Parasitoid wasps or flies are major enemies of the early stages of most Lepidoptera (Shaw 1990, Weseloh 1993). -
Taxonomy of Coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus
Zootaxa 4521 (1): 001–051 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4521.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D2096E74-49D8-4235-B26C-2C97170DBDC7 Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia PENNY J. GULLAN1, TAKUMASA KONDO2, BRIGITTE FIALA3 & SWEE-PECK QUEK4 1Division of Ecology & Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, Can- berra, A.C.T. 2601, Australia. E-mail: [email protected] 2Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37 Con- tinuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. E- mail:[email protected] 4Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, U.S.A. E-mail: [email protected] Table of content Abstract . 1 Introduction . 2 Materials and methods . 4 Taxonomy . 8 Coccus Linnaeus . 8 Diagnosis for Coccus species associated with Macaranga. 9 Key to adult females of Coccus species associated with Macaranga . 12 Coccus caviramicolus Morrison . 13 Coccus circularis Morrison. 14 Coccus heckrothi Gullan & Kondo sp. n. 18 Coccus lambirensis Gullan & Kondo sp. n. 20 Coccus macarangae Morrison . 22 Coccus macarangicolus Takahashi . 25 Coccus penangensis Morrison . 30 Coccus pseudotumuliferus Gullan & Kondo sp. n. 34 Coccus secretus Morrison . 39 Coccus tumuliferus Morrison . -
Small Trees for Miami-Dade Landscapes
Small Trees for Miami-Dade Landscapes John McLaughlin, Carlos Balerdi and Marguerite Beckford1 The current trend toward smaller yards (e.g., zero lot lines) signifies the need for adjustments in the way we use and landscape our yards. For nonpermanent items such as flowering annuals and vegetables this could mean greater use of raised beds (e.g., French intensive or square foot for vegetables), containers and decorative stone planters. The latter are especially useful for many perennial plants. W hen it comes to choosing shrubs and especially trees, greater care needs to be exercised in the items selected and where they are placed. W hat seemed to be an ideal choice in the nursery may quickly grow and become out of scale for a small yard, if not an expensive liability. One solution is to choose those shrubs and small trees (including fruit trees) that can be grown in large tubs, and this is an option especially suited to houses with large patios. Indeed given the alkaline nature of much of Miami-Dade’s soil, this is a useful alternative for plants such as camellias and dwarf magnolias (e.g., ‘Little Gem’) irrespective of yard size. It is possible however, to include trees as part of your permanent in-ground landscaping even where there is limited space for planting. There are many different types of trees that can be safely planted in a small yard and provide shade and/or ornamental appeal. In addition a number of shrubs, such as hibiscus and oleander, are available as standards (usually grafted and grown with a single approximately 5’ bare trunk), and these can substitute for a small tree. -
Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (Macaca Arctoides) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloropl
animals Article Diet Composition of the Wild Stump-Tailed Macaque (Macaca arctoides) in Perlis State Park, Peninsular Malaysia, Using a Chloroplast tRNL DNA Metabarcoding Approach: A Preliminary Study Nur Azimah Osman 1,2 , Muhammad Abu Bakar Abdul-Latiff 3,4 , Abd Rahman Mohd-Ridwan 1,5, Salmah Yaakop 1, Shukor Md Nor 1 and Badrul Munir Md-Zain 1,* 1 Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia; [email protected] (N.A.O.); [email protected] (A.R.M.-R.); [email protected] (S.Y.); [email protected] (S.M.N.) 2 School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Mara Negeri Sembilan, Kuala Pilah 72000, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia 3 Oasis Integrated Group (OIG), Institute for Integrated Engineering (I2E), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Johor, Malaysia; latiff@uthm.edu.my 4 Faculty of Applied Sciences and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (Pagoh Campus), Muar 84000, Johor, Malaysia 5 Centre for Pre-University Studies, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan 94300, Sarawak, Malaysia * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +60-389215954 Received: 20 October 2020; Accepted: 24 November 2020; Published: 26 November 2020 Simple Summary: This study investigated plant diet of wild Macaca arctoides in the Malaysia–Thailand border region using a chloroplast tRNL DNA metabarcoding approach. It is a comprehensive molecular technique to assess foods eaten by primates. We have chosen chloroplast tRNL because this region has been widely used for identifying plant species. Chloroplast tRNL DNA was amplified and sequenced using the Illumina MiniSeq platform. -
Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae)
©Entomologischer Verein Apollo e.V. Frankfurt am Main; download unter www.zobodat.at Nachr. entomol. Ver. Apollo, N. F. 16 (1): 1-12 (1995) 1 The mature larva and pupa of Semanga superba (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) KonradF ie d l e r and PeterS e u f e r t Dr. Konrad Fiedler , Peter Seufert , Theodor-Boveri-Biozentrum der Universität, Zoologie II, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany Abstract: The final instar larva and pupa of Semanga superha deliciosa Seitz [1926] from Peninsular Malaysia are described and figured. The highly myr- mecophilous caterpillar is associated with a Dolichoderus species. The pupa is a probable mimic of bird droppings. Epidermal organs of caterpillar and pupa are figured. The pupa bears paired hemispherical organs on the eighth abdominal segment which are probably homologous to the larval tentacle organs. The presence of these pupal organs is suggested to be a synapo- morphic character state of the subtribe Arhopaliti. The findings are compared with data on morphology and life-histories of related Oriental species. Die Altraupe und Puppe von Semanga superba (Lepidoptera: Lycaenidae) Zusammenfassung: Altraupe und Puppe von Semanga superba deliciosa Seitz [1926] aus Westmalaysia werden beschrieben und farbig abgebildet. Die Raupe frißt an Junglaub von Saraca thaipingensis (Caesalpiniaceae) und mindestens einer weiteren Familie von Holzgewächsen. Sie ist stark (mög licherweise obligat) myrmekophil und wird von Ameisen der Gattung Dolichoderus besucht. Die Ameisen nehmen nicht nur Sekrete des dorsalen Nektarorgans auf, sondern betrillern und belecken die gesamte Körperober fläche. Die Raupe besitzt in großer Zahl kopfig verdickte, kurze Haare mit gezähnter Oberfläche wie auch typische dendritische Haare und Poren kuppelorgane. -
ZV-343 003-268 | Vane-Wright 04-01-2007 15:47 Page 3
ZV-343 003-268 | vane-wright 04-01-2007 15:47 Page 3 The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna1 R.I. Vane-Wright & R. de Jong With contributions from P.R. Ackery, A.C. Cassidy, J.N. Eliot, J.H. Goode, D. Peggie, R.L. Smiles, C.R. Smith and O. Yata. Vane-Wright, R.I. & R. de Jong. The butterflies of Sulawesi: annotated checklist for a critical island fauna. Zool. Verh. Leiden 343, 11.vii.2003: 3-267, figs 1-14, pls 1-16.— ISSN 0024-1652/ISBN 90-73239-87-7. R.I. Vane-Wright, Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK; R. de Jong, Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. Keywords: butterflies; skippers; Rhopalocera; Sulawesi; Wallace Line; distributions; biogeography; hostplants. All species and subspecies of butterflies recorded from Sulawesi and neighbouring islands (the Sulawesi Region) are listed. Notes are added on their general distribution and hostplants. References are given to key works dealing with particular genera or higher taxa, and to descriptions and illustrations of early stages. As a first step to help with identification, coloured pictures are given of exemplar adults of almost all genera. General information is given on geological and ecological features of the area. Combi- ned with the distributional information in the list and the little phylogenetic information available, ende- micity, links with surrounding areas and the evolution of the butterfly fauna are discussed. Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 3 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Sulawesi and its place in the Malay Archipelago ........................................................................... -
P7-60-T4.Pdf
ก ค ำน ำ ทรัพยากรป่าอนุรักษ์ของประเทศไทยจัดว่ามีความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพสูงทั้งด้านพืช สัตว์ รวมถึงเห็ดราต่างๆ แต่ในปัจจุบันฐานข้อมูลความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพในพื้นที่ป่าอนุรักษ์หลายแห่ง ยังขาดอยู่อีกมาก กรมอุทยานแห่งชาติ สัตว์ป่า และพันธุ์พืช จึงได้จัดท าโครงการส ารวจความ หลากหลายทางชีวภาพในพื้นที่ป่าอนุรักษ์ขึ้น โดยให้หน่วยงานที่ตั้งอยู่ตามภูมิภาคต่างๆ ออกส ารวจใน พื้นที่ป่าอนุรักษ์ในความรับผิดชอบ ซึ่งส านักบริหารพื้นที่อนุรักษ์ที่ 6 ได้ด าเนินการส ารวจความ หลากหลายในพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาปู่–เขาย่า ในปีงบประมาณ พ.ศ. 2560 เพื่อส ารวจและศึกษา ความหลากหลายของระดับถิ่นที่อยู่อาศัย ระบบนิเวศ โครงสร้าง องค์ประกอบของชนิดพันธุ์ในแต่ละ สังคม เพื่อน ามาจัดท าบัญชีรายชื่อพรรณพืช แมลง และเห็ดรา และรวบรวมข้อมูลพันธุ์พืชที่เป็นพืช ประจ าถิ่น พืชเฉพาะถิ่น พืชที่หายาก พืชที่มีคุณค่าทางเศรษฐกิจ เป็นต้น อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาปู่–เขาย่าในปัจจุบันยังเป็นผืนป่าที่มีความอุดมสมบูรณ์ มีความ หลากหลายทางชีวภาพของสิ่งมีชีวิต ตั้งแต่แบคทีเรีย เห็ดรา แมลง พืชพรรณ สัตว์ป่า อยู่ร่วมกันเป็น สังคมได้อย่างกลมกลืน ดังนั้นจึงมีความจ าเป็นอย่างยิ่ง ที่ต้องท าการศึกษาเกี่ยวกับความหลากหลายทาง ชีวภาพไว้ เพื่อรวบรวมเป็นฐานข้อมูลในการด าเนินการกิจกรรมที่เกี่ยวข้องกับความหลากหลายทาง ชีวภาพ รวมถึงน าไปพัฒนาการอนุรักษ์ทรัพยากรป่าไม้ให้ยั่งยืนสืบไป การศึกษาเกี่ยวกับความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพ คือ การศึกษาการมีความผิดแผกแตกต่าง ระหว่างสิ่งมีชีวิตจากทุกแหล่ง สามารถจ าแนกได้ 3 ระดับ คือ ระดับพันธุกรรม ระดับชนิดพันธุ์ และระดับ นิเวศ โดยโครงการส ารวจความหลากหลายทางชีวภาพในพื้นที่อุทยานแห่งชาติเขาปู่–เขาย่า ในครั้งนี้เป็น การศึกษาความหลากหลายในระดับชนิดพันธุ์ ได้แก่ ความหลากหลายของพืช แมลง และ เห็ดรา -
Maui County Planting Plan Third Edition
MAUI COUNTY PLANTING PLAN THIRD EDITION Maui County Arborist Committee MAUI COUNTY PLANTING PLAN—THIRD EDITION IT’S ALL ABOUT SHADE! UH Maui College Science Parking Lot, E. H. Rezents photograph, taken January 2011. This document has been researched, written and coordinated for the Maui County Arborist Committee By Ernest H. Rezents Professor Emeritus Agriculture, University of Hawaii Maui College Certified Arborist, International Society of Arboriculture Registered Consulting Arborist, American Society of Consulting Arborists September 1, 1991, First Edition July 20, 1994, Second Edition December 2000, Second Edition Reprinted March 9, 2016, Third Edition Maui County Planting Plan—Third Edition MAUI COUNTY ARBORIST COMMITTEE – 2016 Kimberly Thayer, Chair Heather A. K. Heath, Vice Chair Jackie Brainard Casey A. Foster, ISA* Certified Arborist Alex Haller William G. Jacintho, ISA* Certified Arborist William R. Myrter Jean A. Pezzoli, PhD Chris Reynolds Ex-Officio Members Maui County Corporation Council Maui County Parks and Recreation Department Maui County Planning Department Maui County Public Works Department Maui County Water Department Maui County Arborist *International Society of Arboriculture Maui County Planting Plan—Third Edition MAYOR'S MESSAGE Maui County Planting Plan—Third Edition ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to thank the following individuals and organizations for their support and contributions that made possible the publication of the Maui County Planting Plan. Robert (Bob) Hobdy for his assistance with plant scientific names and characteristics, exceptional tree research, and the Maui County Island maps with planting zones. Philip Thomas, a former Database Administrator with the Hawaii Ecosystems at Risk project (HEAR), for assisting with plant database storage and formatting chapter tables. -
323. 1826; Bdsha
405 Leguminosae-Detarioideae Amherstia Wall. Amherstia nobilis Wall. in Taylor & Phillips, Philos. Mag. J. 68: 323. 1826; B.D.Sharma et al., Fl. Karnataka Anal. 86. 1984. Distribution: Karnataka (Cultivated, Bengaluru), Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu,West Bengal; native to Myanmar. Baikiaea Benth. Baikiaea insignis Benth., Trans. Linn. Soc. 25: 314, t 41.1865; Gowda & Krishnasw., Pl. Wealth Lalbagh 22. 1968. Distribution: Karnataka (Cultivated in Bengaluru), Kolkata gardens; native to W tropical Africa. Brownea Jacq. Brownea ariza Benth., Pl. Hartw. 171. 1845; Sen & Naskar Bull. Bot. Surv. India 7: 37.1965. Distribution: Karnataka (cultivated in Bengaluru), Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, W Bengal), native to S America Brownea coccinea Jacq., Enum. Pl. Carib. 26. 1760; Benthal, Tr. Calc. 180.1946. Distribution: Karnataka (cultivated in Bengaluru), Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, W Bengal; native to Venezuela. Brownea grandiceps Jacq., Collect. 3. 287. t. 22. 1790; B.D.Sharma et al., Fl. Karnataka Anal. 87. 1984. Distribution: Karnataka (cultivated in Bengaluru), cultivated in Kerala, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal; native to Venezuela. Local/Common/Vernacular names: The rose of Venezuela, The scarlet flame bean (English) Brownea rosa-de-monte Bery., Phil. Trans. 171, t. 8, 9. 1771. Brownea rosa Otto in Otto & Dietr., Allg. Gartenz. 23: 147. 1855; Gowda & Krishnasw., Pl. Wealth Lalbagh 30. 1968. Distribution: Karnataka (cultivated in Lalbagh, Bengaluru); native to S America. Colvillea racemosa Bojer, Bot. Mag. tt. 3325, 3326. 1834; B.D.Sharma et al., Fl. Karnataka Anal.90. 1984 Distribution: Karnataka (Bengaluru, Kolar, Mysuru), Bihar, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal; widely cultivated in tropics; native to Madagascar. -
Conspectus of Flora, Fauna and Micro-Climate Data in Tasik Kenyir
Data in brief 29 (2020) 105328 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Data in brief journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/dib Data Article Conspectus of flora, fauna and micro-climate data in Tasik Kenyir from Mac 2015eFebruary 2016 * Mohd Noor Afiq Ramlee a, , Mohd Fadli Hussin a, Azuan Roslan a, b, Fathihi Hakimi Rosmidi a, Elizabeth Pesiu a, Noor Aisyah A Rahim a, Nur Izzah Izzati Ahmad a, Gertrude David a, Amirah Azizah Zakaria a, Nur Amalina Adanan a, Hasrulzaman Hassan Basri a, Muhammad Syamsul Aznan Ariffin a, Candyrilla Vera Bartholomew a, Muhamad Aidil Zahidin a, d, ** Muhamad Safiih Lola c, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah a, e, a Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia b Biodiversity and Forestry Management Division, Ministry of Water, Land and Natural Resources, Persiaran Perdana, Presint 4, 62574 Putrajaya, Malaysia c Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Malaysia d Department of Hematology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (Health Campus), 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia e Faculty of Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia article info abstract Article history: This data article presents the diversity of flora and selected fauna Received 5 January 2020 in Tasik Kenyir, Malaysia. This man-made lake once suffered huge Received in revised form 5 February 2020 loss of biodiversity for allowing an earth-dam construction during Accepted 17 February 2020 1980s. Series of publications on different types of target taxa have Available online 27 February 2020 been published separately after the post-dam construction. -
University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur
ONTOLOGICAL PLANT DATA VISUALISATION USING NETWORK GRAPHS AFRINA ADLYNA BINTI MOHAMAD MATROL FACULTY OF SCIENCE UniversityUNIVERSITY OF of MALAYA Malaya KUALA LUMPUR 2019 ONTOLOGICAL PLANT DATA VISUALISATION USING NETWORK GRAPHS AFRINA ADLYNA BINTI MOHAMAD MATROL DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE INSTITUTE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES FACULTY OF SCIENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR University of Malaya 2019 UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate: AFRINA ADLYNA BINTI MOHAMAD MATROL Matric No: SGR160035 Name of Degree: MASTER OF SCIENCE Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Dissertation/Thesis (“this Work”): ONTOLOGICAL PLANT DATA VISUALISATION USING NETWORK GRAPHS Field of Study: BIOINFORMATICS I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: (1) I am the sole author/writer of this Work; (2) This Work is original; (3) Any use of any work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of the Work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this Work; (4) I do not have any actual knowledge nor do I ought reasonably to know that the making of this work constitutes an infringement of any copyright work; (5) I hereby assign all and every rights in the copyright to this Work to the University of Malaya (“UM”), who henceforth shall be owner of the copyright in this Work and that any reproduction or use in any form or by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the written consent of UM having been first had and obtained; (6) I am fully aware that if in the course of making this Work I have infringed any copyright whether intentionally or otherwise, I may be subject to legal action or any other action as may be determined by UM. -
Thèse Et Mémoire
Université de Montréal Systématique, biogéographie et diversification du genre Crudia (Leguminosae, Detarioideae) par Boris Domenech Département de Sciences Biologiques Centre sur la Biodiversité Institut de Recherche en Biologie Végétale Faculté des Arts et des Sciences Thèse présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor en Sciences Biologiques Août 2018 © Boris Domenech, 2018 Résumé Le genre Crudia Schreb. présente une distribution pantropicale et une richesse spécifique élevée, inhabituelles pour un genre appartenant à la sous famille des Detarioideae (Leguminosae). Les espèces de Crudia, réparties en Amérique du Sud, en Afrique de l’Ouest et en Asie du Sud Est, ont fait l’objet de plusieurs études de taxonomie indépendantes, réalisées par plusieurs auteurs successifs. En revanche, l’évolution et l’histoire biogéographique du genre sont inconnues à ce jour. Afin de mieux comprendre l’histoire évolutive de Crudia, nous proposons une approche pluridisciplinaire visant à mettre à jour les connaissances à propos de ce genre méconnu. La première partie de cette étude a pour objectif de réaliser une révision taxonomique des espèces asiatiques du genre Crudia, les espèces africaines et américaines ayant déjà été traitées par d’autres auteurs. Nous avons pour cela utilisé des méthodes de taxonomie traditionnelle en compilant des données morphologiques sur un grand nombre de spécimens d’herbier. Sur les trente-cinq espèces initiales décrites en Asie, nous en avons retenu quatorze et avons ajouté une nouvelle espèce. Les autres espèces ont été mises en synonymie pour la plupart, exceptée l’une d’entre elle qui est à présent considérée comme douteuse. Suite à ces réassignations taxonomiques, les distributions géographiques respectives des espèces ont été réévaluées et des nouveaux statuts de conservation ont été proposés.