Earthen Domes and Habitats 243

Saverio Mecca Saverio Mohammed Dello Mohammed Museums of , Museums of University of Florence, Italy of Florence, University Directorate of Antiquities and of Antiquities Directorate Raqqah), Raqqah), Oda (Aleppo, ), Dewan Medmak (Ar-Raqqah), (with different Ar-Raqqah), and Aleppo between meanings Terms Architectural Earthen in houses Earthen Syria do not very differ much in their rural and nature together grouped we reason this for houses, rural from features urban their in organized buildings, rural and culture architectural earthen in used terms follows. as order alphabetical . - - - - Al-Baedar, Asas, Bab, Attabeh, Be’er, Baet Al- Baet Be’er, Attabeh, Bab, Asas, Al-Baedar, Dewar Dewar (Idlib),Qubbia (), Tasee’ (Hama, and Ar- tage of earthen architecture especially in the region of Aleppo, we faced the the faced we Aleppo, of region the in especially architecture earthen of tage this of elements with associated transcription) their (with words terms of of question glossary primary a prepare to decided We landscape. cultural special summarized described, are terms where culture architectural this describing of vari in toorderunderstanding aallow and illustrated synthetic briefly the occupying regions main five in terms and cultures building earthen ous order: following the in west to east from extending Syria, of parts northern () Hama and Idlib Aleppo, Ar-Raqqah, (Al-Qameshli), Al-Hasakah region which is as considered a of continuity the Idlib and Aleppo plains. Syria, of north entire the across widespread quite terms common found We as: such , classic near in Ham Hajar Gurpha, Gedar, Ellea, Fallah, Dekkeh, Ewan, Daraj, Dar, Muneh, Mastaba, Lebn, barm, Kashab Kels, Kateph, Hawwara, Hazeera, Haush, mam, Madafa, Madena, Marhad, Masjed, Matbakh, Matban, Mauqed, Memarje, Mezrab, Muallem, Mustauda’ Hatab, Nafeza, Najafeh, Qaleb, Qarea, Qa rmeed, Qaus, Qefl,Qunn, Qesh, Qubba,Raff, Saha, Saqf,Sur, Sebat,Shurfa, Zuqaq. Turab, Teena, Teen, Tebn, Tannur, Taqa, and regions), are of terms Idlib used Other in (Aleppo Syria the northwest as: such Zreeqa Khum, Muzarrek, Kehla, Khabia, Zribeh, Hakura, Al-Kuara, or Al-Fejje known not and regions own their in used terms specific some also are There elsewhere, such as: We present an essential glossary of terms related to earthen architecture in in architecture earthen to related terms of glossary essential an mud present Syrian We on research filed a of outcome the is glossary The Syria. northern architecture carried out in with collaboration the General Directorate of earthen local various the underline to is aim The Museums. and Antiquities terms on those focusing of country, the traditions and terms architectural culture. building rural in used terms some on and northwest the in used heri Syrian the on focusing documentation and research on-site the During Glossary of earthen architectural architectural earthen of Glossary Syria in terms Fig. 7: Dar, South Aleppo Fig. 7: Dar, Fig. 5: Baet Al-Muna, Idlib region. Gialeeb) Be’er (Giubb, A well sometimes with the upper stone or from mud and stone. part built from South Aleppo. Fig. 6: Be’er, Dar A house or home, which can be built from mud or stone or both. Baet Al-Muna (Al-Fejjeh) Baet Al-Muna A store room, used to keep food and fruit for winter; sometimes we do not see it as a separate room but having room, living the in ‘Kuara’ a called section a as food. in the lower part to place small holes Fig. 4: Bab, South Aleppo. Fig. 4: Bab, Fig. 3: Asas, Aleppo (Habbuba) Fig. 3: Asas, Bab A door or portal, often made of timber, sometimes on. we find a stone nearby to extend washed clothes Asas A base composed of mud and small stones. Some- times lower parts of earthen walls are constructed with stone, and are thereby well protect