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Raquel De Luna Antonio Fórmulas Medicinais RAQUEL DE LUNA ANTONIO FÓRMULAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADAS POR MÉDICOS TIBETANOS DO MEN-TSEE-KHANG, ÍNDIA, E SUAS CORRELAÇÕES COM ESTUDOS FARMACOLÓGICOS Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências. São Paulo 2012 i Antonio, Raquel de Luna Fórmulas medicinais utilizadas por médicos tibetanos do Men-Tsee-Khang, Índia, e suas correlações com estudos farmacológicos / Raquel de Luna Antonio. -- São Paulo, 2012. x, 112p. Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Escola Paulista de Medicina. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia. Título em inglês: Medicinal formulas applied by tibetan physicians from Men-Tsee-Khang, India, and its correlation with pharmacologial studies. 1.Etnofarmacologia. 2.Plantas medicinais. 3.Medicina tradicional tibetana. 4.sinergismo de drogas. ii RAQUEL DE LUNA ANTONIO FÓRMULAS MEDICINAIS UTILIZADAS POR MÉDICOS TIBETANOS DO MEN-TSEE-KHANG, ÍNDIA, E SUAS CORRELAÇÕES COM ESTUDOS FARMACOLÓGICOS Dissertação apresentada à Universidade Federal de São Paulo - Escola Paulista de Medicina, para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências. Orientadora: Eliana Rodrigues Co-orientadora: Elisa H. Kozasa São Paulo 2012 i UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO PAULO ESCOLA PAULISTA DE MEDICINA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM PSICOBIOLOGIA Chefe do Departamento de Psicobiologia Profa. Dra. Maria Lucia Oliveira de Souza Formigoni Coordenadora do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicobiologia Profa. Dra. Vânia D'Almeida ii UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SÃO PAULO ESCOLA PAULISTA DE MEDICINA PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM PSICOBIOLOGIA Banca examinadora: Prof. Dr. Reinaldo Nóbrega de Almeida (UFPB) Prof. Dra. Maria Christina de Mello Amorozo (UNESP) Prof. Dr. Nelson Filice de Barros (UNICAMP) Suplente: Dr. Marcelo Marcos Piva Demarzo (UNIFESP) iii Esta dissertação foi realizada no Departamento de Psicobiologia da Universidade Federal de São Paulo – Escola Paulista de Medicina, com o apoio financeiro da Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Psicofarmacologia (AFIP), do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) e da Fundação de Apoio à Universidade Federal de São Paulo (FapUNIFESP). iv AGRADECIMENTOS A Deus. Aos meus pais, Christina e Eduardo, pelo amor e apoio infinitos. Ao meu irmão Luis e à minha família, ‘com ou sem sangue’, por torcerem sempre por mim. À minha orientadora Eliana Rodrigues, pela oportunidade de realizar este trabalho, pela confiança e incentivo, por sua dedicação e ensinamento, e pela orientação cuidadosa. À minha co-orientadora Elisa H. Kozasa, pela atenção, comprometimento, disponibilidade e prontidão, e pelas contribuições científicas. Ao Prof. Luiz Eugenio Araujo de Moraes Mello, Lia Diskin e Tsewang Phuntso pelo estabelecimento do convênio de colaboração entre a UNIFESP e o Men-Tsee-Khang. Aos médicos do Men-Tsee-Khang, entrevistados neste estudo, pela paciência e bom humor ao compartilhar um pouco de seu conhecimento ao longo de 7 meses. Ao Dr. Tsewang Tamdin, diretor do Men-Tsee-Khang, pela disponibilidade; ao Tseten Dorjee, por sua dedicação. Ao Geshe Lhakdor, da Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, pela recepção calorosa e pelas conversas esclarecedoras. Ao Nadeesh e sua família, pelo acolhimento durante a estadia em Dharamsala. Aos amigos que conheci na Índia: Erez, Irina, Shelley, Masha, Shivadas, John, Törsten, Gaia, Cris, Vlad, James, Silvia, Luis, Maya, Timothy, pela amizade, conversas, trocas de experiências, choros e risadas. Aos colegas alunos do Men-Tsee-Khang, pelos momentos que passamos juntos durante a viagem a Marhi. Ao Romain Lamberet, por tudo o que compartilhamos. À Nandini, Mohini e Matsya, por cuidarem da pequena Mira enquanto eu estava em campo. Aos colegas do Centro de Estudos Etnobotânicos e Etnofarmacológicos Julino, Juliana, Thabata, Juká, Mariana, Cagliume, Braz, e também Rafaela e Nayara, por todo o apoio. Aos colegas do Coletivo Curare, pelo trabalho bacana que fizemos e, principalmente, pela amizade. Aos professores e colegas da Psicobiologia, pelo conhecimento transmitido e compartilhado. Ao Prof. Altay, pela ajuda com a estatística. Aos amigos do Instituto Sachcha de Saúde, por mais um ano de colaboração. Aos amigos e amigas do coração, que fizeram estes dois anos mais divertidos. Gratidão ! v SUMÁRIO Agradecimentos......................................................................................................................... v Lista de figuras....................................................................................................................... viii Lista de tabelas......................................................................................................................... ixi Resumo....................................................................................................................................... x 1. Introdução 1.1. Biodiversidade.......................................................................................................... pg. 1 1.2. Etnofarmacologia e plantas medicinais.....................................................................pg. 1 1.3. Medicina tradicional e sistema humoral................................................................... pg. 3 1.4. Medicina tradicional tibetana................................................................................... pg. 4 1.5. Transtornos neuropsiquiátricos................................................................................ pg. 7 1.6. Etnofarmacologia e medicina tradicional tibetana................................................... pg. 7 1.7. Justificativa............................................................................................................... pg. 8 1.8. Objetivo.................................................................................................................... pg. 9 2. Metodologia 2.1. Aspectos éticos....................................................................................................... pg. 10 2.2. Caracterização da área de estudo........................................................................... pg. 10 2.3. Trabalho de campo................................................................................................. pg. 11 2.3.1. Seleção dos entrevistados, entrevistas e observações............................................ pg. 11 2.3.2. Tradução e categorização das doenças.................................................................... pg.13 2.3.3. Aspectos taxonômicos............................................................................................ pg. 14 2.4. Pesquisa bibliográfica............................................................................................ pg. 14 2.5. Análise dos dados................................................................................................... pg. 14 3. Resultados 3.1. Perfil dos médicos tradicionais tibetanos do Men-Tsee-Khang............................. pg. 16 3.2. A medicina tibetana praticada no Men-tsee-khang, Dharamsala........................... pg. 17 vi 3.2.1. Fisiologia quanto aos humores............................................................................... pg. 17 3.2.1.1. Subtipos dos humores ( Nyes-pa ewa ) ................................................................. pg. 19 3.2.2. Constituição individual: combinação dos humores................................................ pg. 20 3.2.3. O adoecimento........................................................................................................ pg. 21 3.2.4. Diagnóstico............................................................................................................. pg. 22 3.2.5. Tratamento............................................................................................................. pg. 22 3.2.6. Mente e rLung ........................................................................................................ pg. 23 3.3. Ingredientes medicinais.......................................................................................... pg. 24 3.3.1. Propriedades de formulação................................................................................... pg. 25 3.3.2. Formas farmacêuticas............................................................................................. pg. 28 3.3.3. Etapas da formulação............................................................................................. pg. 28 3.4. As fórmulas medicinais utilizadas no Men-tsee-khang, Dharamsala.................... pg. 29 3.5. Usos das plantas na medicina tibetana X estudos farmacológicos......................... pg. 31 4. Discussão................................................................................................................ pg. 64 5. Conclusões............................................................................................................. pg. 69 6. Anexos 6.1. Ficha de dados do entrevistado.............................................................................. pg. 70 6.2. Ficha de dados etnofarmacológicos....................................................................... pg. 71 7. Referências bibliográficas...................................................................................... pg. 72 Abstract vii LISTA DE FIGURAS Figura 1. Árvore da etiologia............................................................................................... pg. 5 Figura 2. Árvore do diagnóstico.........................................................................................
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