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Nuestro Círculo Nuestro Círculo Año 3 Nº 118 Semanario de Ajedrez 6 de septiembre de 2004 ERICH G. ELISKASES escuela comercial, se trasladó a Viena, zar la marca del 50%, tuvo la satisfacción donde comienza sus estudios en el “Für personal no solamente de derrotar al gana- 1913 – 1997 Welthandel de Hochschule”. Sin embargo, su dor final, el joven de 21 años Paul Keres, pasión por el ajedrez había llegado a ser casi sino también a José Raul Capablanca ex excluyente. Se incorpora al club de ajedrez campeón del mundo. En el mismo año, él de Hietzing donde es desafiado inmediata- actuaría como analista de AIexander AIekhi- mente a un match informal por el héroe local, ne en el match del ruso con Euwe por el el G. M. Ernst Grünfeld, que le gana por un título máximo. estrecho margen. La rivalidad entre ambos En Noordwijk Eliskases alcanzó su éxito más creció en los años siguientes y las preferen- grande ocupando el primer puesto (+6 = 3 - cias se inclinaron a su favor. 0), delante de Paul Keres y Euwe. Pronto comenzó a trabajar para la “salchi- Después ganó seis torneos postales fuertes, cha de Frankfort Schachzeitung”, que todos por un claro margen: el campeonato entonces era una de las publicaciones de alemán postal Oeynhausen en 1938, Krefeld ajedrez más importantes del mundo, y en 1938, postal Oeynhausen 1939 (el campeo- 1936, a la salida de Albert Becker, se con- nato alemán otra vez), postal Elster 1939, vierte en su principal redactor. Este trabajo mail Harzburg 1939 y la Viena “Wertungstur- fue una escuela excelente para su propia nier“ de 1939. comprensión del juego. Una autoridad, como Ese mismo año, jugó un match contra el el ex campeón del mundo Emanuel Lasker, jugador más fuerte del “Reich de Deutsches”, elogió una vez la calidad y la profundidad de el ruso Efim Bogoljubow, ganando por +6 = los análisis de Eliskases. 11 -3. Eliskases comenzó a jugar ajedrez postal en A pesar de su rápido ascenso a los primeros 1928 y en 1932 salió tercero en una especie planos del ajedrez, lo describieron siempre de torneo por el campeonato del mundo para como una persona cortés y agradable sin el el ajedrez postal. rastro más leve de pedantería. El GSB tenía Su gran campaña comenzó en 1932 cuando altas esperanzas puestas en él. Incluso el Erich Gotlieb Eliskases nació el 15 de el “Linzer Schachverein” celebró su 25º campeón del mundo, Alexander Alekhine, febrero de 1913 en Innsbruck (Austria), y aniversario organizando un match entre el se refirió a Eliskases como a su sucesor más murió en Córdoba (Argentina) el 2 de febrero mejor jugador de Austria, G. M. Rudolf digno: “al contrario, sería de servicio mucho de 1997. Spielmann y el joven tirolés. Después de una mayor a la comunidad del ajedrez del mundo A los 12 años, interesado por el ajedrez, lucha dramática, Erich Eliskases ganó el si, por ejemplo Keres o Eliskases se convir- quiso ingresar al club “lnnsbrucker Schach- match por +3 = 5 -2. Ahora podía reclamar el tieran en los sostenedores del título. Y si el gesellschaft” pero fue rechazado debido a su título oficioso de “Österreichischer Vorkämp- otro demostrara ser un jugador mejor, yo temprana edad. Después conoció a Carl P. fer” (primer jugador de Austria). Spielmann reconocería esto absolutamente. ¿Pero Wagner, jugador de ajedrez de Innsbruck, declaró más adelante que él había subesti- quién es el mejor de los dos? Keres tiene el que reconoció su talento extraordinario. A los mado a su opositor joven. Dos matches más “estilo verdaderamente atractivo de Morphy”; 14 años (1927) Eliskases jugó su primer entre los dos jugadores siguieron, ahora por el ajedrez de Eliskases es muy comprensi- torneo en el club de ajedrez de Schlechter y el título oficial de primer jugador de Austria: ble, un estilo verdaderamente universal del obtuvo el primer puesto compartido. Un año en 1936 Eliskases ganó por +2 = 7 -1, y en ajedrez. más tarde participó en el campeonato del 1937 por +2 = 8 -0. Después la historia intervino e hizo estragos Tirol y se anotó una victoria convincente con La primacía de Eliskases en el ajedrez con las ambiciones de Eliskases. Durante la 7 puntos en 8 partidas. De esa manera ganó austríaco era ahora indiscutible. El estilo olimpíada del ajedrez de 1939 en Buenos el derecho de participar en el torneo por el del tirolés se había caracterizado siempre Aires, donde dos austriacos jugaron en el campeonato austríaco de 1929 que se por la perseverencia y sobriedad. Él conser- equipo alemán, Eliskases en el primer jugaría en su Innsbruck natal. El resultado vaba la calma, incluso en las posiciones más tablero y Albert Becker, se declaró la 2ª. final fue otra sensación: el primer lugar difíciles, jugando con sentido práctico. Como Guerra mundial. El equipo alemán ganó a compartido (+5 = 3 -1) consagrándose como Hans Kmoch comentó una vez, ni las inno- pesar de muchos obstáculos; algunos países el jugador más joven en obtener el título de vaciones efectistas ni los sueños sacrificato- no aceptaron jugar contra ese equipo y esos campeón austríaco. rios podían encontrarse en sus partidas. En enfrentamientos se consideraron empatados En esos días estudiaba en la “Handelsaka- los años 30, Eliskases jugó en muchos 2 a 2 sin jugarse. La mayoría de los ajedre- demie” (escuela comercial) de Innsbruck, torneos fuertes; fueron los años de su cistas, Eliskases y Becker entre ellos, no donde obtiene los mejores promedios. ingreso a la fama de la comunidad interna- podrían volver a sus países, y esto puso fin a Contra la resistencia de algunos funcionarios cional del ajedrez. Su actuación fue muy la carrera prometedora del primero. austríacos, lo envían a la Olimpíada de buena en las olimpíadas de ajedrez, por Durante los años siguientes fue dominado Ajedrez de Hamburgo, donde su actuación ejemplo Varsovia 1935, donde anotó los por la necesidad de sobrevivir en un nuevo fue brillante. Con un promedio del 73,3% (+8 puntos para Austria prácticamente sin ayuda ambiente. Se dedicó entonces a dar confe- = 6 -1) logró el mejor promedio de todos los y el primer premio que compartió con Lajos rencias, simultáneas y jugar torneos. En participantes austríacos, contribuyendo a la Steiner en el torneo conmemorativo de 1941, después del torneo de Sao Paulo, 4ta. colocación del equipo de su país. Trebitsch de 1936. En el torneo 1937 de la permaneció en el Brasil trabajando como Después de graduarse con honores en la élite en Semmering, aunque no pudo alcan- profesor. Amenazado por la internación y la 349 expulsión (puesto que el Brasil había inte- Da5 42.Td2 Tgh8 43.Rg1 Ce7 44.Tf2 Cec6 Txc1+ 37.Re2 Th1 38.e6 Cf6 39.d6 Th2+ rrumpido todos los contactos oficiales con 45.Rg2 Re7 46.Dd2 Txh2+ 0-1 40.Re1 Txh3 41.Ce5 Th1+ 42.Rd2 Ta1 43.d7 Alemania), en 1947 encontró un trabajo Eliskases,E - Stahlberg,G [C14] Ta8 44.Cc6 Rg7 45.d8D Txd8 46.Cxd8 h5 permanente en un almacén grande de Porto Podebrady, 1936 47.e7 h4 48.Ab5 h3 49.e8D Cxe8 50.Axe8 Alegre y también fue profesor de ajedrez en Rf6 51.Cb7 h2 52.Ac6 c4 53.Cd6 g5 el club de ajedrez de la firma. En 1951 volvió 1.e4 e6 2.d4 d5 3.Cc3 Cf6 4.Ag5 Ae7 5.e5 54.fxg5+ Rxg5 55.Cxc4 1-0 a la Argentina y se instaló en la provincia de Cfd7 6.Axe7 Dxe7 7.f4 a6 8.Cf3 c5 9.dxc5 Córdoba, donde se casó con una argentina Cc6 10.Ce2 Dxc5 11.Dd2 b5 12.Ced4 Cxd4 Goldenberg,E - Eliskases,E [A71] el 17 de mayo de 1954. 13.Cxd4 Cb6 14.b3 Ad7 15.De3 Tc8 16.Ad3 Buenos Aires, 1960 Después de la guerra, la carrera ajedrecísti- 0-0 17.0-0 f5 18.exf6 Txf6 19.g4 Tff8 ca de Eliskases, ya ciudadano argentino, 20.Tae1 e5 21.fxe5 Axg4 22.Tf4 Txf4 1.d4 Cf6 2.c4 e6 3.Cf3 c5 4.d5 exd5 5.cxd5 continuó interviniendo en muchos torneos 23.Dxf4 Ah5 24.e6 Tf8 25.De5 Cc8 26.Rh1 d6 6.Cc3 g6 7.Ag5 Ag7 8.e4 h6 9.Ah4 g5 sudamericanos hasta los años 70 con muy g6 27.e7 Te8 28.De6+ Rg7 29.De5+ Rg8 10.Ag3 Ch5 11.Ab5+ Rf8 12.Ae2 Cxg3 buenos resultados e incluso ganó el torneo 30.Ae4 Cb6 31.Af5 h6 32.De6+ Rg7 33.Axg6 13.hxg3 Cd7 14.Cd2 Axc3 15.bxc3 Df6 16.0- zonal de Mar del Plata de 1951 y acabó en el 1-0 0 h5 17.f4 h4 18.e5 Dh6 19.e6 hxg3 20.Ah5 10º lugar en el torneo Interzonal de Saltsjö- gxf4 21.exd7 Axd7 22.c4 Te8 23.Df3 Te5 0-1 baden de 1952. Este año le conceden el Flohr,S - Eliskases,E [D61] título de Gran Maestro. Podebrady, 1936 Eliskases,E - Fischer,R [E22] Al terminar aquel torneo vuelve a Austria por Buenos Aires, 1960 primera vez desde el fin de la guerra. El 1.d4 Cf6 2.c4 e6 3.Cf3 d5 4.Cc3 Ae7 5.Ag5 mejor resultado de su “período sudamerica- h6 6.Ah4 0-0 7.e3 Cbd7 8.Dc2 c6 9.a3 Te8 1.c4 Cf6 2.Cc3 e6 3.Cf3 d5 4.d4 Ab4 5.Db3 no” lo obtuvo en Mar del Plata en 1948 (+9 = 10.Ad3 a6 11.Td1 b5 12.c5 e5 13.dxe5 Cg4 Cc6 6.Ag5 h6 7.Axf6 Dxf6 8.e3 dxc4 9.Axc4 8 -0), delante de jugadores como Gideon 14.Ag3 Axc5 15.Ce2 Db6 16.0-0 Cgxe5 0-0 10.0-0 De7 11.Dc2 Ad6 12.Tad1 Rh8 Stahlberg, Miguel Najdorf y Laszlo Szabo.
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