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THE ELEUSINIAN MYSTERIES of DEMETER and PERSEPHONE: Fertility, Sexuality, Ancl Rebirth Mara Lynn Keller
THE ELEUSINIAN MYSTERIES OF DEMETER AND PERSEPHONE: Fertility, Sexuality, ancl Rebirth Mara Lynn Keller The story of Demeter and Persephone, mother and daugher naturc goddesses, provides us with insights into the core beliefs by which earl) agrarian peoples of the Mediterranean related to “the creative forces of thc universe”-which some people call God, or Goddess.’ The rites of Demetei and Persephone speak to the experiences of life that remain through all time< the most mysterious-birth, sexuality, death-and also to the greatest niys tery of all, enduring love. In these ceremonies, women and inen expressec joy in the beauty and abundance of nature, especially the bountiful harvest in personal love, sexuality and procreation; and in the rebirth of the humail spirit, even through suffering and death. Cicero wrote of these rites: “Wc have been given a reason not only to live in joy, but also to die with bettei hope. ”2 The Mother Earth religion ceIebrated her children’s birth, enjoyment of life and loving return to her in death. The Earth both nourished the living and welcomed back into her body the dead. As Aeschylus wrote in TIic Libation Bearers: Yea, summon Earth, who brings all things to life and rears, and takes again into her womb.3 I wish to express my gratitude for the love and wisdom of my mother, hlary 1’. Keller, and of Dr. Muriel Chapman. They have been invaluable soiirces of insight and under- standing for me in these studies. So also have been the scholarship, vision atdot- friendship of Carol €! Christ, Charlene Spretnak, Deem Metzger, Carol Lee Saiichez, Ruby Rohrlich, Starhawk, Jane Ellen Harrison, Kiane Eisler, Alexis Masters, Richard Trapp, John Glanville, Judith Plaskow, Jim Syfers, Jim Moses, Bonnie blacCregor and Lil Moed. -
![Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements [Full Text, Not Including Figures] J.L](https://docslib.b-cdn.net/cover/6957/greek-color-theory-and-the-four-elements-full-text-not-including-figures-j-l-1306957.webp)
Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements [Full Text, Not Including Figures] J.L
University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements Art July 2000 Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements [full text, not including figures] J.L. Benson University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/art_jbgc Benson, J.L., "Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements [full text, not including figures]" (2000). Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements. 1. Retrieved from https://scholarworks.umass.edu/art_jbgc/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Art at ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Greek Color Theory and the Four Elements by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Cover design by Jeff Belizaire ABOUT THIS BOOK Why does earlier Greek painting (Archaic/Classical) seem so clear and—deceptively— simple while the latest painting (Hellenistic/Graeco-Roman) is so much more complex but also familiar to us? Is there a single, coherent explanation that will cover this remarkable range? What can we recover from ancient documents and practices that can objectively be called “Greek color theory”? Present day historians of ancient art consistently conceive of color in terms of triads: red, yellow, blue or, less often, red, green, blue. This habitude derives ultimately from the color wheel invented by J.W. Goethe some two centuries ago. So familiar and useful is his system that it is only natural to judge the color orientation of the Greeks on its basis. To do so, however, assumes, consciously or not, that the color understanding of our age is the definitive paradigm for that subject. -
Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities (2010)
Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities AMERICAN PHILOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION american classical studies volume 54 Series Editor Kathryn J. Gutzwiller Studies in Classical History and Society Meyer Reinhold Sextus Empiricus The Transmission and Recovery of Pyrrhonism Luciano Floridi The Augustan Succession An Historical Commentary on Cassius Dio’s Roman History Books 55 56 (9 B.C. A.D. 14) Peter Michael Swan Greek Mythography in the Roman World Alan Cameron Virgil Recomposed The Mythological and Secular Centos in Antiquity Scott McGill Representing Agrippina Constructions of Female Power in the Early Roman Empire Judith Ginsburg Figuring Genre in Roman Satire Catherine Keane Homer’s Cosmic Fabrication Choice and Design in the Iliad Bruce Heiden Hyperides Funeral Oration Judson Herrman Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities The Sacred Laws of Selinus and Cyrene Noel Robertson Religion and Reconciliation in Greek Cities The Sacred Laws of Selinus and Cyrene NOEL ROBERTSON 1 2010 3 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright q 2010 by the American Philological Association Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. -
Read Book Religion in the Ancient Greek City 1St Edition Kindle
RELIGION IN THE ANCIENT GREEK CITY 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Louise Bruit Zaidman | 9780521423571 | | | | | Religion in the Ancient Greek City 1st edition PDF Book Altogether the year in Athens included some days that were religious festivals of some sort, though varying greatly in importance. Some of these mysteries, like the mysteries of Eleusis and Samothrace , were ancient and local. Athens Atlanta, Georgia: Scholars Press. At some date, Zeus and other deities were identified locally with heroes and heroines from the Homeric poems and called by such names as Zeus Agamemnon. The temple was the house of the deity it was dedicated to, who in some sense resided in the cult image in the cella or main room inside, normally facing the only door. Historical religions. Christianization of saints and feasts Christianity and Paganism Constantinian shift Hellenistic religion Iconoclasm Neoplatonism Religio licita Virtuous pagan. Sacred Islands. See Article History. Sim Lyriti rated it it was amazing Mar 03, Priests simply looked after cults; they did not constitute a clergy , and there were no sacred books. I much prefer Price's text for many reasons. At times certain gods would be opposed to others, and they would try to outdo each other. An unintended consequence since the Greeks were monogamous was that Zeus in particular became markedly polygamous. Plato's disciple, Aristotle , also disagreed that polytheistic deities existed, because he could not find enough empirical evidence for it. Once established there in a conspicuous position, the Olympians came to be identified with local deities and to be assigned as consorts to the local god or goddess. -
The World of Greek Religion and Mythology
Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament Herausgeber/Editor Jörg Frey (Zürich) Mitherausgeber/Associate Editors Markus Bockmuehl (Oxford) ∙ James A. Kelhoffer (Uppsala) Tobias Nicklas (Regensburg) ∙ Janet Spittler (Charlottesville, VA) J. Ross Wagner (Durham, NC) 433 Jan N. Bremmer The World of Greek Religion and Mythology Collected Essays II Mohr Siebeck Jan N. Bremmer, born 1944; Emeritus Professor of Religious Studies at the University of Groningen. orcid.org/0000-0001-8400-7143 ISBN 978-3-16-154451-4 / eISBN 978-3-16-158949-2 DOI 10.1628/978-3-16-158949-2 ISSN 0512-1604 / eISSN 2568-7476 (Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament) The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbiblio- graphie; detailed bibliographic data are available at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2019 Mohr Siebeck Tübingen, Germany. www.mohrsiebeck.com This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitt- ed by copyright law) without the publisher’s written permission. This applies particular- ly to reproductions, translations and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was typeset using Stempel Garamond typeface and printed on non-aging pa- per by Gulde Druck in Tübingen. It was bound by Buchbinderei Spinner in Ottersweier. Printed in Germany. in memoriam Walter Burkert (1931–2015) Albert Henrichs (1942–2017) Christiane Sourvinou-Inwood (1945–2007) Preface It is a pleasure for me to offer here the second volume of my Collected Essays, containing a sizable part of my writings on Greek religion and mythology.1 Greek religion is not a subject that has always held my interest and attention. -
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The Race and Procession of the Athenian "Oscophori" KADLETZ, EDWARD Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies; Winter 1980; 21, 4; Periodicals Archive Online pg. 363 The Race and Procession of the Athenian Oscophoroi Edward Kadletz HE ATHENIAN STATE conducted each year both a race and a T procession, each of them involving youths called oscopha rai.! Students of Attic religion have disagreed sharply over the relationship between these two events, on which the evidence is contradictory. In this paper I wish to argue that one piece of evidence has been overlooked in this debate which may show the way to the correct answer. Until recently it has been supposed that both the race and the procession were part of the festival known as the Oscophoria, which was celebrated early in the month of Pyanepsion (Oct. I NOV.).2 Felix Jacoby, however, in his study of the Atthidogra phers, argued vehemently against this reconstruction. 3 According to Jacoby, the procession alone was part of the Oscophoria; the race took place during the festival of Skira, on the twelfth of Skiraphorion (June! July). Jacoby's interpretation has been fol lowed by H. W. Parke in his recent book on Athenian festivals. 4 Jacoby says thatS "an independent argument against the infor- 1 As this is the spelling used in the one epigraphical testimony, it is to be taken as the correct spelling and will be used in this paper. 2 D. K. F. HERMANN, Lehrbuch der griechischen Antiquitdten II (Heidelberg 1846) 288; K. O. MULLER, Kleine deutsche Schriften II (Breslau 1848) 164; W. -
Time and Religion in Hellenistic Athens: an Interpretation of the Little Metropolis Frieze
Time and Religion in Hellenistic Athens: An Interpretation of the Little Metropolis Frieze. Monica Haysom School of History, Classics and Archaeology Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Newcastle University, November 2015. ABSTRACT Two stones that form a part of the spolia on the Little Metropolis church (Aghios Eleutherios) in central Athens consist of a frieze depicting a calendar year. The thesis begins with a Preface that discusses the theoretical approaches used. An Introduction follows which, for reference, presents the 41 images on the frieze using the 1932 interpretation of Ludwig Deubner. After evaluating previous studies in Chapter 1, the thesis then presents an exploration of the cultural aspects of time in ancient Greece (Chapter 2). A new analysis of the frieze, based on ancient astronomy, dates the frieze to the late Hellenistic period (Chapter 3); a broad study of Hellenistic calendars identifies it as Macedonian (Chapter 4), and suggests its original location and sponsor (Chapter 5). The thesis presents an interpretation of the frieze that brings the conclusions of these chapters together, developing an argument that includes the art, religion and philosophy of Athenian society contemporary with the construction of the frieze. Given the date, the Macedonian connection and the link with an educational establishment, the final Chapter 6 presents an interpretation based not on the addition of individual images but on the frieze subject matter as a whole. This chapter shows that understanding the frieze is dependent on a number of aspects of the world of artistic connoisseurship in an elite, educated audience of the late Hellenistic period. -
Georges Bataille and the Dionysian
JONATHAN DAVID YORK American University in Bulgaria FLESH AND CONSCIOUSNESS: GEORGES BATAILLE AND THE DIONYSIAN Je regrette les temps où la sève du monde, L’eau du fleuve, le sang rose des arbres verts Dans les veines de Pan mettaient un univers! —Rimbaud Dazu muß ich in die Tiefe steigen: wie du des Abends tust, wenn du hinter das Meer gehst und noch der Unterwelt Licht bringst; du überreiches Gestirn! —Nietzsche IRST, A TRUE MYTH: The Zoological Gardens of London, 1927. Georges Bataille is momentarily blinded by the sun -- like Saint Teresa enraptured Fby solar emanations that tear the flesh, pierce the soul, and occlude consciousness. But this sun is “shit-smeared” and rests between the red-blue buttocks of a baboon. Bataille collapses, blown apart by the solar rays.1 In Paris his analyst hands him a photograph: a Chinese man undergoing the “death of a hundred pieces,” is lashed to a pole. His arms have been severed just beneath the shoulders and his legs are missing below the knees. The chest has been cut away exposing the ribcage and vital organs underneath. While these wounds are almost unbearable to look at, perhaps the most disturbing gash is the smile on the uplifted face of the victim, Fou Tchou Li, blinded by the sun.2 The analyst encourages his patient’s own little death of a hundred pieces, the self-dissolution that precipitates the more-than-human consciousness of Apollo-Dionysus. 1 Bataille recounts his nervous breakdown—his collapse before “the enormous anal fruit of radial and shit-smeared raw pink meat”—in “The Jesuve,” in Visions of Excess: Selected Writings, 1927-1939, ed. -
Poseidon's Eris with Athena in the West Pediment of The
TO CHEAT OR NOT TO CHEAT: POSEIDON’S ERIS WITH ATHENA IN THE WEST PEDIMENT OF THE PARTHENON For more than 2000 years (from the 430s BC to 1801), visitors of the Acropolis who had passed the Propylaia were faced with an imposing image at the most prominent building of the sanctuary, the Parthenon. Its west pediment, almost 30m wide, presented a composition of more than two dozen marble figures, bigger than life-size. The sculptures were comparatively well preserved when the Marquis de Nointel visited Athens in 1674 (thirteen years before the disastrous explosion during the Venetian siege in 1687) and a Flemish artist in his entourage made a drawing (falsely attributed to Jacques Carrey; fig. 1-2). It documents only minor damage (the head of the female protagonist was missing, as were the horses in the southern half of the pediment).1 Thanks to this drawing and to intensive research of numerous scholars it was possible to achieve a widely accepted reconstruction of the composition (fig. 3).2 Since 2009, the New Acropolis Museum presents the sculptures preserved in Athens combined with casts of the pieces kept in the British Museum and elsewhere (fig. 4-5).3 1. The issue – Poseidon’s eris with Athena – and the crucial question: Did the goddess win by cheating? Pausanias, the only author who explicitly refers to the composition in the pediment, informs us about its theme: ἡ Ποσειδῶνος πρὸς Ἀθηνᾶν ἐστιν ἔρις ὑπὲρ τῆς γῆς.4 This eris is first mentioned by Herodotus: 1 Brommer (1963) 115-116 pl. 64; Meyer (2017a) 399-402 fig. -
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modern
Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modern Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modern By Evy Johanne Håland Competing Ideologies in Greek Culture, Ancient and Modern By Evy Johanne Håland This book first published in English 2019 Originally published in Norwegian (2011 Bodø: Licentia Publishers) Translated to English by the author Cambridge Scholars Publishing Lady Stephenson Library, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE6 2PA, UK British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright © 2019 by Evy Johanne Håland All rights for this book reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. ISBN (10): 1-5275-2612-7 ISBN (13): 978-1-5275-2612-9 This book is dedicated to the memory of my Besta (“Granny”), who through her practical faith demonstrated that it is possible to believe in Huldra (a supernatural female creature or kind of Nymph) and Christ at one and the same time. TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables .............................................................................................. ix List of Figures.............................................................................................. x A Note on Transliteration ......................................................................... xix Preface to the English Edition and Acknowledgements -
ENGLISH 29.Indd
O NUMBER 29 . SEPTEMBER 2019 . ENGLISH EDITION STUDY ON THE DIFFUSION OF A TYPE OF MASK THROUGH GREECE, INDIA AND JAPAN BY FRANÇOIS PANNIER The study of masks in Europe and Asia leads to the observation that that there are sometimes arresting similarities of style. The theory that these are due to chance is often put forward. It does simplify the problem, but fails to provide a satisfactory answer. The recent sale at auction of a Japanese mask¹ from the Louis Gonse collection brought up a certain number of questions that we discussed in the Toit du Monde’s December 1998 newsletter #6, in an article titled Sur le Dieu-Masque dans les Diony- sies et Indra Jatra (On the God Mask in the Dyonisia and the Indra Jatra).2 In that article, we noted the many simila- rities observed between the ancient Greek masks of the Great Dionysia and those used in contemporary Indra Jatra festivals in Nepal. The very broad diffusion of the style of the masks we will consider here is immedia- tely apparent to us, even if the manner in which it spread has not always been ex- plained. Nonetheless, the intersection between these different zones and areas are so abundant that it is impossible to approach the subject without considering them. Monpa or Sherdukpen Mask. Wood. Height: 22 cm © Musée Barbier-Mueller P.A Ferrazzni-Bouchet LA LETTRE DU TOIT DU MONDE 1 GREECE Excavation work done at the ruins of the Orthia Temple, The masks were found close to the sanctuary of Orthia. called the Temple of Artemis Orthia since the first cen- Were they associated with the rituals that took place at tury, in Sparta, has brought to light a certain number of the sanctuary, or were they used for other purposes? terracotta masks. -
Greek Mysteries
GREEK MYSTERIES Mystery cults represent the spiritual attempts of the ancient Greeks to deal with their mortality. As these cults had to do with the individual’s inner self, privacy was paramount and was secured by an initiation ceremony, a personal ritual that estab- lished a close bond between the individual and the gods. Once initiated, the indi- vidual was liberated from the fear of death by sharing the eternal truth, known only to the immortals. Because of the oath of silence taken by the initiates, a thick veil of secrecy covers those cults and archaeology has become our main tool in deciphering their meaning. In a field where archaeological research constantly brings new data to light, this volume provides a close analysis of the most recent discoveries, as well as a critical re-evaluation of the older evidence. The book focuses not only on the major cults of Eleusis and Samothrace, but also on the lesser-known Mysteries in various parts of Greece, over a period of almost two thousand years, from the Late Bronze Age to the Roman Imperial period. In our mechanized and technology-oriented world, a book on Greek spirituality is both timely and appropriate. The authors’ inter-disciplinary approach extends beyond the archaeological evidence to cover the textual and iconographic sources and provides a better understanding of the history and rituals of those cults. Written by an international team of acknowledged experts, Greek Mysteries is an important contribution to our understanding of Greek religion and society. Michael B. Cosmopoulos is the Hellenic Government–Karakas Foundation Profes- sor of Greek Studies and Professor of Greek Archaeology at the University of Missouri-St.