Islam Dan Sosialisme Dalam Perspektif Hos

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Islam Dan Sosialisme Dalam Perspektif Hos ISLAM DAN SOSIALISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF HOS. TJOKROAMINOTO DAN MOHAMMAD HATTA Skripsi Diajukan untuk melengkapi Tugas-tugas dan Memenuhi Syarat-syarat Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Dalam Fakultas Ushuluddin Disusun Oleh : SITI BAINATUN NPM : 1331040091 Jurusan : Pemikiran Politik Islam FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG LAMPUNG 1439 H / 2017 M ISLAM DAN SOSIALISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF HOS. TJOKROAMINOTO DAN MOHAMMAD HATTA Skripsi Diajukan untuk melengkapi Tugas-tugas dan Memenuhi Syarat-syarat Guna Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Sosial (S.Sos) Dalam Fakultas Ushuluddin Disusun Oleh : SITI BAINATUN NPM : 1331040091 Jurusan : Pemikiran Politik Islam Pembimbing I : Dr. H. Arsyad Sobby Kesuma. Lc., M.Ag Pembimbing II : Dr. Nadirsah Hawari, MA FAKULTAS USHULUDDIN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG LAMPUNG ii ABSTRAK ISLAM DAN SOSIALISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF TJOKROAMINOTO DAN MOHAMMAD HATTA Revolusi Prancis dan Inggris diasumsikan sebagai penanda lahirnya gerakan sosialis, kedua peristiwa tersebut telah menimbulkan problematika tersendiri dalam kehidupan masyarakat baik bidang sosial dan politik. Salah satu permasalahan besar adalah timbulnya kesenjangan sosial dikalangan masyarakat terutama antara kaum borjuis dan proletar. Gerakan sosialis dikemas dan dikonsep untuk meniadakan penindasan dan menuntut persamaan diantara sesama manusia. Islam yang mempunyai nilai-nilai dan ajaran-ajaran yang berlaku untuk semua manusia dan berlaku sepanjang zaman, dinilai sebagai ajaran yang mampu untuk memberikan kebahagian dan mampu memberikan jalan keluar terhadap masalah- masalah sosial, landasan inilah yang kemudian dikaji dan dikembangkan oleh para pemikir Islam dan pejuang pergerakan di Indonesia diantara nya Hos. Tjokroaminoto dan Mohammad Hatta. Dalam skripsi ini penulis merumuskan masalah 1).Bagaimana Islam dan Sosialisme menurut Hos. Tjokroaminoto dan Mohammad Hatta? 2). Bagaimana relevansi Islam dan Sosialisme dalam konteks keIndonesian?.Metode yang digunakan oleh penulis dalam skripsi ini adalah penelitian pustaka, yaitu mengumpulkan data-data yang ada dalam literatur, baik itu buku, jurnal, majalah, dan lain-lain. Sifat penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analisis data yaitu untuk mengetahui nilai variabel mandiri, baik satu variabel atau lebih tanpa membuat perbandingan atau menghubungkan degan variabel lain. Hasil dari penelitian ini 1).Hos. Tjokroaminoto dan Mohammad Hatta mempunyai konsep pemikiran yang sama tentang Islam dan Sosialisme yang sama-sama menginginkan dan mewujudkan suatu masyarakat mempunyai hak kemerdekaan, persamaan, dan keadilan yang tidak memandang dari segi suku, ras, budaya, dan strata sosial masyarakat tertentu yang mengakibatkan suatu penindasan-penindasan antar kelas sosial dan sistem sosialisme yang mereka gagas diimplementasikan dikehidupan suatu masyarakat yang berlandaskan Al- Qur’an dan Hadist. 2). Sosialisme Islam di Indonesia memberikan pengaruh besar dari segala aspek kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia, seperti halnya dalam aspek sosial, kemiskinan merupakan permasalahan sosial yang terjadi di Indonesia, terdapat beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhinya seperti kurangnya lapangan pekerjaan, pemerataan pembangunan otonomi daerah, birokrasi korup, dan kesenjangan sosial sangat tinggi. Sedangkan dalam aspek politik demokrasi merupakan sistem pemerintahan Indonesia, dimana rakyat mempunyai hak untuk bersuara dan memilih. iii SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN Dengan hormat, Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini mahasiswa Fakultas Ushuluddin UIN Raden Intan Lampung, menyatakan bahwa : Nama : Siti Bainatun NPM : 1331040091 Jurusan : PPI Fakultas : Ushuluddin Judul skripsi : Islam dan Sosialisme dalam Perspektif H.O.S Tjokroaminoto dan Mohammad Hatta Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa skripsi ini secara keseluruhan adalah hasil penelitian atau hasil saya sendiri, kecuali pada bagian-bagian yang dirujuk sumbernya bukan hasil penelitian orang lain. Demikian surat keterangan ini saya buat sebagai salah satu persyaratan untuk mengikuti ujian munaqosyah. Bandar Lampung, 16 Oktober 2017 Pemohon Siti Bainatun iv MOTTO ْ إِ َّن ََّّللاَ ٌَأ ُم ُر بِا ْل َع ْد ِل َوا ْ ِْل ْح َسا ِن َوإٌِتَا ِء ِذي ا ْلقُ ْربَ ٰى َوٌَ ْنهَ ٰى َع ِه ا ْلفَ ْح َشا ِء َوا ْل ُم ْن َك ِر َوا ْلبَ ْغ ًِ ۚ ٌَ ِع ُظ ُك ْم لَ َعلَّ ُك ْم تَ َر َّك ُرو َن Artinya:“Sesungguhnya Allah menyuruh (kamu) berlaku adil dan berbuat kebajikan, memberi kepada kaum kerabat, dan Allah melarang dari perbuatan keji, kemungkaran dan permusuhan. Dia memberi pengajaran kepadamu agar kamu dapat mengambil pelajaran”.(Surat An-Nahl Ayat 90) v PERSEMBAHAN Skripsi ini saya persembahkan kepada orang-orang yang telah memberikan cinta kasih, perhatian serta memberikan motivasi selama menuntut ilmu. 1. Ayahanda Saripudin dan ibunda Carniti tercinta yang telah mendidik saya sejak kecil hingga dewasa, dan berkatdo’a restu keduanya, sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan kuliah ini. Semoga semua ini merupakan hadiah terindah untuk keduannya. 2. Sebagai wujud cinta kasih sayang, skripsi ini dipesembahkan kepada kakak dan adik tersayang Siti Choeriyah dan Lulu Kamelia Rahma. 3. Bapak dosen pembimbing I dan pembimbing II yang telah membimbing serta mengarahkan dalam menyelsaikan skripsi ini. 4. Saudara-saudaraku tersayang, orang terkasih Farhan Afriansyah, sahabatku Annisa Munfaati, Lusiana, Triska Handayani, Novica Mailanti, Yustiana dan teman-teman angkatan 2013 jurusan Pemikran Politik Islam yang telah mendoakan, membantu dan memberi dorongan motivasi. 5. Almamaterku tercinta Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, tempat Penulis menimba ilmu pengetahuan. vi RIWAYAT HIDUP Penulis dilahirkan di dusun III Cirebon kelurahan Cintamulya kecamatan Candipuro Kabupaten Lampung Selatan pada tanggal 15 Maret 1995, dengan nama lengkap Siti Bainatun, dari pasangan suami istri, ayahanda Saripudin dan ibunda Carniti. Penulis adalah anak kedua dari tiga bersaudara.Mempunyai kakak yang bernama Siti Choeriyah dan adik yang bernama Lulu Kamelia Rahma.Penulis sekarang bertempat tinggal di dusun III Cirebon kelurahan Cintamulya kecamatan Candipuro Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Penulis mengawali pendidikan di SDN 03 Cintamulya kecamatan Candipuro kabupaten Lampung Selatan lulus pada tahun 2007. Penulis melanjutkan sekolah di MTS Mathlaul Anwar Cintamulya lulus pada tahun 2010. Kemudian penulis melanjutkan kembali sekolah di MA Islamiyah Mathlaul Anwar lulus pada tahun 2013. Setelah itu penulis langsung melanjutkan ke Perguruan Tinggi Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung pada tahun 2013, program strata satu (SI) di Fakultas Ushuluddin prodi Pemikiran Politik Islam (PPI). vii KATA PENGANTAR Alhamdhulilah segala puji syukur kehadirat Allah Azza wajalla yang memiliki sifat Rahman dan Rahim, shalawat dan salam semoga tetap kita limpahkan kepada sosok teladan dan pemimpin sejati yaitu Nabi Muhammad SAW, yang ditunggu syafaatnya di hari kiamat. Dibalik terselesainya skripsi ini, penulis ucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu penulis menyelesaikan skripsi ini. 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. H. Muhammad Mukri, M.Ag selaku Rektor Universitas Islam NegeriRaden Intan Lampung yang telah memberikan kesempatan kepada penulis untuk menimba ilmu pengetahauan dikampus tercinta. 2. Bapak Dr. H. Arsyad Sobby Kesuma.,Lc,M.Ag, selaku Dekan Fakultas Ushuluddin Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung, beserta staf pimpinan yang yang telah berkenan memberikan kesempatan dan bimbingan kepada penulis selama studi. 3. Bapak Dr. Nadirsah Hawari, MA selaku Ketua Jurusan Pemikiran Politik Islam, dan Ibu Tin Amalia Fitri, M,Si selaku sekretasin Jurusan Pemikiran Politik Islam. 4. Bapak Dr. H. Arsyad Sobby Kesuma.Lc.,M.Ag, selaku pembimbing I dan Bapak Dr. Nadirsah Hawari, MA selaku pembimbing II yang telah viii memberikan bimbingan dan pengarahan dalam menyelesaikan Skripsi ini. 5. Bapak Ibu Dosen Fakultas Ushuluddin yang telah ikhlas memberikan ilmu dan wawasan selama mengikuti perkuliahan. 6. Kepala perpustakaan Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung dan beserta staf, yang turut memberikan data berupa literature sebagai sumber dalam penulisan Skripsi ini. 7. Karyawan dan karyawati Fakultas Ushuluddin Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung yang telah memberikan kelancaran penulis sehingga selesainya penulisan Skripsi ini. 8. Almamaterku tercinta Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung. Skripsi ini masih banyak terdapat kekurangan dan kesalahannya, hal ini disebabkan karena terbatasnya kemampuan penulis, untuk kesempurnaannya dirahapkan saran dan kritik dari pembaca sehingga skrpsi ini dapat tersusun lebih baik dan lebih sempurna. Semoga amal dan jasa serta dorongan yang telah diberikan mendapatkan imbalan dari Allah SWT, mudah-mudahan skripsi ini bermanfaat serta turut mengembangan khazanah ilmu pengetahuan di bidang politik khususnya pada Jurusan Pemikiran Politik Islam. Bandar Lampung, 16 Oktober 2017 Penulis, ix Siti Bainatun TRANSLITERASI ARAB-LATIN A. Konsonan Fonem Konsonan bahasa Arab yang dalam sistem tulisan Arab dilambangkan dengan huruf, dalam transliterasi dilambangkan dengan huruf, sebagian dilambangkan dengan tanda, dan sebagian lagi dilambangkan dengan huruf dan tanda sekaligus. Dibawah ini daftar huruf Arab dan transliterasinya dengan huruf Latin Huruf Nama Huruf Latin/Transliterasi Keterangan Arab Huruf Alif Tidak dilambangkan ا Ba B ب Ta T ت Tsa TS ث Jim J ج Ha H ح Kha KH خ Dal D د Dzal DZ ذ Ra R ر Zai Z ز Sin S س Syin SY ش Shad SH ص Dlad DH ض Tha TH ط x Zha ZH ظ Koma ‘ Ain ع terbalik Gain G غ Fa F ف Qaf Q ق Kaf K ك Lam L ل Mim
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