Editor, Tom Kerry; Managing Editor, Dick Roberts; Associate Editor, Ceorge Novack; Business Manager, Karolyn Kerry; Book Review Editor, Arthur Maglin.

Vol. 28 No. 5- Whole No. 182

Contents

Major Problems of the Latin-American Revolution by livio Maitan The Vanguard Party and the World Revolution by James P. Cannon 23 Myths About : Two Views Rev. Albert Cleage 33 George Breitman 43 Book Reviews 61

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Name .....

Street Address

City ...... State Zip SEPTEMBER·OCTOBER 1967

Livia Maitan

MAJOR PROBLEMS OF THE LATIN-AMERICAN REVOLUTION -A Reply to Regis Debray

The English translation of Regis Debray's essay, "Revolution in the Revolution?" published in the July-August issue of "Monthly Review," appeared after the reply by Livio Maitan had been written. However, all quotations from the Debray text were checked to conform with this English version. As the author of the reply published in this issue observes, news of Debray's arrest and imprisonment by the Bolivian authorities, had just become known at the time the article was submitted. Since then a worldwide movement of protest has arisen against the attempt on the part of the military dictatorship to railroad Debray to prison, or worse, on trumped-up charges that Debray had "participated in armed action" to overthrow the Barrientos regime. The Fourth International, its sections, co-thinkers and supporters throughout the world, including the Socialist Workers Party and Young Socialist Alliance in this country, are actively and energetically suppolting the movement to free Debray from the clutches of the Bolivian "gorillas." The Debray '~hesis" has already engendered widespread discussion in the world press. In addition to the speczJic views expressed on the character and perspective of the revolutionary development in Latin America the Debray essay contains a free-wheeling attack on a number of political tendencies in the world socialist movement. Its controversial character is bound to give rise to sharp polemical exchanges as the stakes involved are no less than the future of mankind both in Latin America and the world at large. It is unfortunate that Debray is precluded from participating directly in the discussion his essay is bound to evoke. Nor should it be made the excuse to refrain from the polemic. For, as Debray himself points out in his essay, "sacrifice is not a political argument and martyrdom does not constitute proof. " 2 INTERNA nONAl SOCIALIST REVIEW

As I was writing this article, the world press reported R~gis De­ bray's arrest in Bolivia. Our movement has associated itself with the campaign of solidarity with Debray who is presently in the hands of the reactionary Bolivian military officers. But our elementary duty of solidarity does not ob­ ligate us to leave unanswered the attacks he has leveled against Trotskyism, all the more so in view of the particularly grave nature of the attacks and their aim of discrediting us among the Latin­ American vanguard. * * * ~gis Debray's book, which was published in Cuba a few months ago, has already engendered polemics in the revolutionary workers movement. This was inevitable, both because of the author's generali­ zations, which he maintains are based on the experience of the Cuban revolution, and because of his attacks, most often in highly question­ able forms, against the most diverse tendencies. More specifically in regard to the Fourth International, Debray employs methods that are purely Stalinist, ranging from baseless slander to grotesque dis­ tortion and outright falsification) These attacks are on such a low level t