{TEXTBOOK} the King in the North: the Life and Times of Oswald Of

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

{TEXTBOOK} the King in the North: the Life and Times of Oswald Of THE KING IN THE NORTH: THE LIFE AND TIMES OF OSWALD OF NORTHUMBRIA PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Max Adams | 464 pages | 01 Nov 2014 | Head of Zeus | 9781781854204 | English | London, United Kingdom The King in the North: The Life and Times of Oswald of Northumbria PDF Book Acha had a brother: two, in fact. Welcome back. Poole Studies in Chronology and History , put forward the theory that Bede's years began in September, and if this theory is followed as it was, for instance, by Frank Stenton in his notable history Anglo-Saxon England , first published in , then the date of the Battle of Heavenfield and the beginning of Oswald's reign is pushed back from to Soothsayers, poets and those who remembered the genealogies of kings were held in high regard. Bede says that Oswald held imperium for the eight years of his rule both Bede and the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle say that Oswald's reign was actually considered to be nine years, the ninth year being accounted for by assigning to Oswald the year preceding his rule, "on account of the heathenism practised by those who had ruled that one year between him and Edwin" [15] , and was the most powerful king in Britain. Strange omens in the sky were thought to foretell evil times. The introduction of Christianity, the transition from Celtic Irish Christianity to Roman Christianity and the way in which so little has really changed for ordinary folk from 7th century to 21st century in lots of ways are all quite enlightening. He ruled Northumbria between and AD, his power stretching from Wessex to the Picts in the north. Max Adams. It certainly deepened my appreciation for the history of the era and the many complexities of the tangled political, religious, and personal relationships that were bound up in the ultimate birth of what would eventually become known several hundred years after the main events portrayed in this book as the kingdom of England. So, I wasn't too sure about this when I started reading it because it wasn't quite as scholarly as I was expecting. Well done author and thanks! Apr 15, Michelle Styles rated it liked it. Also, we have the negative side of Archaeology displayed here - one rather long section deals solely with whether a cross was placed in an old Roman mile castle. Adams is never less than fascinating, he brings to light all sorts of nuggets of information a Not surprisingly, Max Adams' book finds an appreciative reader in me: it's all about Northumbria! The book's cover also has merits - being a good tribute to the finest illuminated manuscripts of Northumbria. Be the first to ask a question about The King in the North. It was also an era where various sects of Christianity were vying with each other and with Paganism for power, and magic and miracles were their stock-in-trade, resulting in a brisk flip-flopping of kings and nobles among the various systems depending on which one they thought could give them luck in battle. A super introduction to Anglo-Saxon England and the culture of this time when the country teetered on the brink between its pagan history and its largely Christian future. We had instead an exchange of elites, rather like the one that happened after the Norman conquest, albeit in a more ragged fashion. Oswald soon came to be regarded as a saint. Beowulf it is not, but this deep exploration into what seventh century life was really like and how King Oswald, in his brief reign, set Britain on a different path, is quite an eye-opener for me. Apr 07, Gigi Sellers rated it liked it. Aidan was greatly impressed and seized Oswald's right hand, stating: "May this hand never perish. The author clearly knows the sources inside out, both the written and the archaeological. If popular history needs a heroic figure from the age of Beowulf, there is no need to invent, or re-invent one. Oswald Whiteblade lived one of the most influential and colourful lives in early English history. I'm happy to say this book was none of the above. Edwin's nephews, however, were raised on Iona in the Irish monastery there, and when Oswald became king he invited his Irish mentor Aidan to found a similar monastery on Lindisfarne. A slow read, occasionally heavy going, it's stuffed so full of wonderful information, but I forgive it that. With care, their landscapes can be reconstructed and at least partly understood. Also, the title is a little misleading, as it's not just about Oswald. Nothing might seem more obscure than an account of the life and times of King Oswald of Northumbria What we actually know about Oswald would fill several pages, at best, so Adams has to take a much wider aim--and he succeeds brilliantly. Not to mention all the confusing names which a kno Somewhat disappointing. There are songs and memorial inscriptions and a substantial body of poetry surviving from the so-called Dark Ages, some of which celebrate the lives and deaths of ordinary folk: ceorl and dreng, husband and wife. The King in the North: The Life and Times of Oswald of Northumbria Writer It created a Northumbria that was economically successful and politically unassailable, but one that became militarily weak and ultimately susceptible to external attack. The result is a dense realisation of seventh-century Northumbria. Start your Independent Premium subscription today. So was Edwin; and so was his sister. See Kirby, , p. He was a exiled rightful heir who returned to claim his crown; he was a Christian warrior-saint who died in battle against the heathen. The cult surrounding him even gained prominence in parts of continental Europe. Of course this union was to have other, unforeseen, consequences for the burgeoning English monarchy as time wore on. For no-one were those stakes higher than for his mother. Politics and status notwithstanding, in the year , after perhaps thirteen years of marriage, Acha Yffing found herself in a peculiarly unattractive and invidious position. Dec 11, Cathy rated it really liked it Shelves: full-deck. Trivia About The King in the N If the place stands as a record of her residence there it is intriguing, because at least two of her sons, Oswald and Oswiu, were educated on the island of Iona, no more than twenty miles to the south, in the famous monastery of Saint Columba more properly Colm Cille. There are no comments yet - be the first to add your thoughts. Goodreads helps you keep track of books you want to read. Soothsayers, poets, and those who remembered the genealogies of kings were held in high regard. In the most interesting part of the book, Adams goes on to argue that the monastic movement was too successful. Aug 30, Matt Brady rated it liked it Shelves: read-in , england , anglo-saxon. The author sometimes goes into heavier detail than a casual reader may like, but I enjoyed it throughout. Lists with This Book. I wanted to love this book, as the North needs a better and fuller press and in patches I did but the dull and unnecessary patches made me only like the book. Rumbold of Mechelen. With care, their landscapes can be reconstructed and at least partly understood. Return to Book Page. Forgotten your password? But could it not also explain the general collapse of the Roman Empire? Wikimedia Commons. Nothing might seem more obscure than an account of the life and times of King Oswald of Northumbria After eight years of rule, in which he was the most powerful ruler in Britain , Oswald was killed in the Battle of Maserfield. Already have an account? The King in the North: The Life and Times of Oswald of Northumbria Reviews Maybe kings and saints are a catchier hook than a history of British Christianity in the Dark Ages, which is effectively what this book is really about. The book is surprisingly readable for something that regularly alludes to its sources to emphasise the reliability of its narrative rather than a straight telling if said narrative, which I A very interesting account of the period in question rather than a straight biography of Oswald of Northumbria well technically Bernicia. Forgotten your password? There are no discussion topics on this book yet. Both the tree and the spring were, according to Reginald, subsequently associated with healing miracles. Views Read Edit View history. He is the embodiment of a romantic hero: the righteous exiled prince whose destiny is to return triumphant to reclaim his kingdom. Cancel Delete comment. Tolkien's Aragorn. Monarchs of Deira. Their history is recorded in our surnames and in the names of villages and hamlets. Somewhat disappointing. Apr 07, Gigi Sellers rated it liked it. A slow read, occasionally heavy going, it's stuffed so full of wonderful information, but I forgive it that. The other was called Edwin. One of those quirks that litter our hotchpotch linguistic heritage is that the Germanic name Acha is close to the word achaidh, which means, in Old Scots Gaelic, 'field' or 'pasture'. Cancel Flag comment. But I digress. After Cadwallon ap Cadfan, the king of Gwynedd , in alliance with the pagan Penda of Mercia , killed Edwin of Deira in battle at Hatfield Chase in or , depending on when the years used by Bede are considered to have begun , Northumbria was split into its constituent kingdoms of Bernicia and Deira. Want to bookmark your favourite articles and stories to read or reference later? The past was an immense source of wonder and inspiration, of fear and foretelling.
Recommended publications
  • First Evidence of Farming Appears; Stone Axes, Antler Combs, Pottery in Common Use
    BC c.5000 - Neolithic (new stone age) Period begins; first evidence of farming appears; stone axes, antler combs, pottery in common use. c.4000 - Construction of the "Sweet Track" (named for its discoverer, Ray Sweet) begun; many similar raised, wooden walkways were constructed at this time providing a way to traverse the low, boggy, swampy areas in the Somerset Levels, near Glastonbury; earliest-known camps or communities appear (ie. Hembury, Devon). c.3500-3000 - First appearance of long barrows and chambered tombs; at Hambledon Hill (Dorset), the primitive burial rite known as "corpse exposure" was practiced, wherein bodies were left in the open air to decompose or be consumed by animals and birds. c.3000-2500 - Castlerigg Stone Circle (Cumbria), one of Britain's earliest and most beautiful, begun; Pentre Ifan (Dyfed), a classic example of a chambered tomb, constructed; Bryn Celli Ddu (Anglesey), known as the "mound in the dark grove," begun, one of the finest examples of a "passage grave." c.2500 - Bronze Age begins; multi-chambered tombs in use (ie. West Kennet Long Barrow) first appearance of henge "monuments;" construction begun on Silbury Hill, Europe's largest prehistoric, man-made hill (132 ft); "Beaker Folk," identified by the pottery beakers (along with other objects) found in their single burial sites. c.2500-1500 - Most stone circles in British Isles erected during this period; pupose of the circles is uncertain, although most experts speculate that they had either astronomical or ritual uses. c.2300 - Construction begun on Britain's largest stone circle at Avebury. c.2000 - Metal objects are widely manufactured in England about this time, first from copper, then with arsenic and tin added; woven cloth appears in Britain, evidenced by findings of pins and cloth fasteners in graves; construction begun on Stonehenge's inner ring of bluestones.
    [Show full text]
  • Celtic Relations of St. Oswald of Northumbria Author(S): J
    Celtic Relations of St. Oswald of Northumbria Author(s): J. M. Mackinlay Source: The Celtic Review, Vol. 5, No. 20 (Apr., 1909), pp. 304-309 Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/30070180 Accessed: 28-06-2016 10:00 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Celtic Review This content downloaded from 144.82.108.120 on Tue, 28 Jun 2016 10:00:52 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms 304 THE CELTIC REVIEW CELTIC RELATIONS OF ST. OSWALD OF NORTHUMBRIA. J. M. MACKINLAY By relationships I do not mean ties of blood, but ties of circumstance. St. Oswald was Anglic by birth, and ruled over an Anglic people, but at various times during his romantic career he was brought into touch with Celtic influences. When his father, IEthelfrith, King of Northum- bria, was killed in battle in the year 617, and was succeeded by Eadwine, brother-in-law of the dead king, Oswald, who was then about thirteen years of age, had to flee from his native land. He went to the north-west, and along with his elder brother Eanwith and a dozen followers, sought refuge in the monastery of Iona.
    [Show full text]
  • The Venerable Bede Ecclesiastical History of England (731 A.D.)1
    1 Primary Source 3.2 THE VENERABLE BEDE ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND (731 A.D.)1 The Anglo-Saxon monk and author, known to posterity as the Venerable Bede (c. 672– 735), was apparently a deeply spiritual man described as constantly praising God, even at the last moments of his life, when he could scarcely breathe. A learned scholar with broad knowledge of ancient and early medieval theology and secular writings, he wrote a huge number of works on theology, biblical commentary, the lives of saints, and secular and religious history. His most famous work, excerpted here, recounts the historical development of Britain with a focus on the vibrant evolution of the church. The passage below concerns the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons from paganism to Christianity. Key themes are the care with which missionaries sought to transform customs without giving offense, Christian humility, and how the converts’ belief in miracles wrought in the name of Christ facilitated their conversion. For the complete text online, click here. For a freely accessible audio recording of the book, click here. BOOK I CHAPTER XVII How Germanus the Bishop,2 sailing into Britain with Lupus,3 first quelled the tempest of the sea, and afterwards that of the Pelagians, by Divine power. [429 A.D.] Some few years before their arrival, the Pelagian heresy,4 brought over by Agricola, the son of Severianus, a Pelagian bishop, had corrupted with its foul taint the faith of the Britons. But whereas they absolutely refused to embrace that perverse doctrine, and blaspheme the grace of Christ, yet were not able of themselves to confute the subtilty of the unholy belief by force of argument, they bethought them of wholesome counsels and determined to crave aid of the Gallican5 prelates in that spiritual warfare.
    [Show full text]
  • The Translation of St Oswald's Relics to New Minster, Gloucester: Royal And
    Canterbury Christ Church University’s repository of research outputs http://create.canterbury.ac.uk Please cite this publication as follows: Bintley, M. (2014) The translation of St Oswald’s relics to New Minster, Gloucester: royal and imperial resonances. Anglo-Saxon Studies in Archaeology and History, 19. pp. 171-181. ISSN 0264-5254. Link to official URL (if available): This version is made available in accordance with publishers’ policies. All material made available by CReaTE is protected by intellectual property law, including copyright law. Any use made of the contents should comply with the relevant law. Contact: [email protected] ABSTRACT The Translation of St Oswald’s Relics to New Minster, Gloucester: Royal and Imperial Resonances The relics of St Oswald were translated to New Minster, Gloucester, in the early tenth century, under the authority of Æthelflæd and Æthelred of Mercia, and Edward the Elder. This was ostensibly to empower the new burh, sited in the ruins of the former Roman town, with the potent relics of one of Anglo-Saxon Christianity’s cornerstones. This article argues that the relics of Oswald were not only brought to Gloucester to enhance its spiritual and ideological importance, but also to take advantage of the mythologies attached to this king, saint, and martyr, which were perpetuated by a contemporary translation of Bede’s Historia ecclesiastica. This work, which emphasizes Oswald’s role in the unification of Northumbria under Christianity, consciously models Oswald on his imperial predecessor Constantine. These and other valuable attendant mythologies may have been consciously appropriated by the Mercians and West Saxons in the early tenth century, thereby staking a claim to the imperial Christian heritage of Rome and Northumbria, and furthering the notion of an Angelcynn that had only recently been promoted by Alfred the Great.
    [Show full text]
  • Patronal Service Book 2020.Pub
    Oswald of Northumbria King and Martyr Celebrant, Preacher and Luncheon Speaker (on Zoom) Reverend Glenn Loughrey nd Sunday 2 August, 2020 St. Oswald’s Anglican Church, Glen Iris Priest: The Reverend Glenn Loughrey Organist: 2 Oswald of Northumbria Born around the year 605, the son of King Ælfrith of Northumbria, Oswald was forced to leave home after his father's death and move to Iona where, influenced by the monks of St Columba, he was baptised. Returning to Northumbria in 634, Oswald defeated the British king, setting up a cross as his standard and gathering his men around it to pray the night before the battle. A man of humility and generosity, Oswald worked closely with his friend St Aidan, travelling with him on his missionary journeys and acting as his interpreter. He died in battle on this day in 642 defending his kingdom from the Mercians. Please remain seated Introit Anthem Music: Christopher Tye (1505‐1573) O come, ye servants of the Lord, And praise his holy name; From early morn to setting sun, His might on earth proclaim. His laws are just, and glad the heart; he makes His mercies known: Ye princes, come ye people too, And bow before his throne. Acknowledgement of Country (please stand) Priest: We acknowledge the sovereign country of the Wurrindjeri people of the Kulin nation on which we gather: the land where the Wurundjeri people gathered and celebrated their stories, songs and dances passed on by their ancestors, and the Great Spirit of the Dreaming, over countless generations. This is still their land.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 4 the Anglian Period: the Royal Ladies of Castor [1]
    Chapter 4 The Anglian Period: The Royal Ladies of Castor [1] St. Kyneburgha of Castor: from Mercian princess to Northumbrian queen Castor Parish Church stands upon an escarpment, which has been occupied from at least the Roman period. It bears a unique dedication to the seventh-century saint, Kyneburgha or Cyneburh, a Mercian princess and erstwhile queen of Northumbria who, according to local tradition, retired from court in order to establish a nunnery on the site of an abandoned early fourth-century villa. Reliable, near-contemporary information relating to Kyneburgha is limited to a single reference in Venerable Bede’s Historia Ecclesiastica (c. 731), in which she was described as the sister of Peada, King of the Middle Angles, and the wife of Alhfrith, a Christian prince of Northumbria [2]. From this statement we may deduce that she was also the daughter of the unrepentant heathen king, Penda of Mercia (c. 626-c. 655), and his consort, Cynewise, whose stronghold was in the Tamworth area of the Trent Valley [3]. All subsequent references to Kyneburgha are either of post-Conquest date or survive only in the form of twelfth-century copies and, consequently, are much less trustworthy [4]. Nor are there any archaeological finds to substantiate Kyneburgha’s relationship with the Castor site. However, by examining all of the available sources, in conjunction with place-name and sculptural evidence, it may be possible to gain an insight into the life and times of this remarkable lady. Kyneburgha was born during an era when England was ruled by a few aristocratic families, both Christian and pagan, who intermarried in attempts to form alliances and to found dynasties in rival provinces.
    [Show full text]
  • (Died 704) Ælfric, Abbot of Eynsham
    People ADALBERO, BISHOP OF LAON (FRANCE; 977-1030) Adalbero was very involved in the politics of the end of Carolingian dynasty in Western Frankia and its replacement by the Capetians, with the accession of Hugh Capet as king in 987. He was one of the writers who expressed the concept of society divided between the three orders. ADOMNÁN , ABBOT OF IONA (DIED 704) Adomnán was the ninth abbot of the monastery of Iona, founded on the island of that name in the Hebrides by Columba. He is particularly noted by Bede in his Ecclesiastical History of the English People for having promoted the Roman dating of Easter. His best-known work is his Life of St Columba. ÆLFRIC, ABBOT OF EYNSHAM (1005-C. 1010) Ælfric joined the monastery of Cerne Abbas (Dorset) around 987. He may have been in charge of the school there, and he certainly produced a series of writings, including works in Old English, principally homilies for reading and preaching and lives of saints, and a grammar of Latin written in Old English. In 1005, he became the first abbot of the reformed abbey of Eynsham near Oxford, where he died around 1010. ÆTHELEBERHT I, KING OF KENT (DIED 616) Ætheleberht, who had married the Christian, Frankish princess, Bertha, some while before, welcomed the mission of St Augustine when it arrived in Kent in 597. He permitted the conversion of his subjects, and was himself converted, perhaps soon after Augustine's arrival. Bede identified him as one of the seven overlords of southern England (Bede, Eccl. History, II.15) and attributed to him a code of laws 'in the manner of the Romans', which is extant.
    [Show full text]
  • THE STORY of an ENGLISH SAINT's CULT: an ANALYSIS of the INFLUENCE of ST ÆTHELTHRYTH of ELY, C.670
    THE STORY OF AN ENGLISH SAINT’S CULT: AN ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF ST ÆTHELTHRYTH OF ELY, c.670 – c.1540 by IAN DAVID STYLER A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of History School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham August 2019 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT This thesis charts the history of the cult of St Æthelthryth of Ely, arguing that its longevity and geographical extent were determined by the malleability of her character, as narrated within the hagiographical texts of her life, and the continued promotion of her shrine by parties interested in utilising her saintly power to achieve their goals. Arranged chronologically and divided into five distinct periods, the thesis demonstrates that this symbiotic relationship was key in maintaining and elongating the life of the cult. Employing digital humanities tools to analyse textual, archaeological, material, cartographic, and documentary sources covering the cult’s eight-hundred-year history, the study charts its development firstly within East Anglia, and subsequently across the whole country, and internationally.
    [Show full text]
  • August Newsletter
    TUCSON CELTIC FESTIVAL AND SCOTTISH HIGHLAND GAMES NEWSLETTER Alexandra MacPherson-Munro, Editor Email: [email protected] Date: 1 August 2021 Monthly Newsletter Chief McBain and Lady McBain Welcome Letter Welcome Members of TCFA, It is with great pleasure that we welcome our new board of directors for Tucson Celtic Festival Association (TCFA). We are pleased to have you as a part of the board and as a member of TCFA. The meetings are generally held on the second Saturday of each month with an occasional adjustment for planning meetings as event nears. The meetings are from 9:00 am to 11:00 am. The secretary will inform you and all current members of where those meetings will take place, and if there are any changes. All members are invited to the monthly meetings and their suggestions are always welcomed. The minutes will be available to you so you can get an idea of our current agenda and situation. Again welcome and we look forward to working with all of you and hearing your valuable contribution. Sincerely, TCFA President and Board Members Board Members Our 2021 Board Members President – Elizabeth Warner Vice President-Mike Foley Secretary – Christine Banks Treasurer - Angela Nelson Member at Large – Tracey “Tray” Hargrove Member at Large - Bruno Brunelle Member at Large - Ildefonso "Ponch" Green Volunteer Chair- Helen Marty Scholarship, Newsletter-Alexandra Munro Tucson Celtic Festival Association (TCFA) is a 100% volunteer, 501(c)(3) Association that is exempt from federal income tax under Title 26 of the United States code. The association was established in 1986. We are dedicated to family- friendly entertainment, athletic competition and cultural education and host four major events each year to fund that mission.
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Whitby, Wilfrid, and Church-State Antagonism in Early
    ABSTRACT Whitby, Wilfrid, and Church-State Antagonism in Early Medieval Britain Vance E. Woods, M.A. Mentor: Charles A. McDaniel, Ph.D. In 664, adherents of the Dionysian and Celtic-84 Easter tables gathered at the Northumbrian abbey of Whitby to debate the proper calculation of Easter. The decision to adopt the former, with its connections to the papacy, has led many to frame this encounter in terms of Roman religious imperialism and to posit a break between the ecclesiastical culture of Northumbria prior to the Synod of Whitby and afterward. This study will propose a different interpretation of the change that took place in the Northumbrian Church after 664. Rather than focusing solely on matters of religion, this project will seek also to demonstrate Whitby’s political implications. Instead of the end of alienation between the Celtic Church and the balance of Christendom, the Synod of Whitby will be identified, in the person of its main protagonist Wilfrid, as the beginning of alienation between the Northumbrian state and the hierarchy of the Church. Whitby, Wilfrid, and Church-State Antagonism in Early Medieval Britain by Vance E. Woods, B.A. A Thesis Approved by the J.M. Dawson Institute of Church-State Studies ___________________________________ Christopher Marsh, Ph.D., Chairperson Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Baylor University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Approved by the Thesis Committee ___________________________________ Charles A. McDaniel, Ph.D., Chairperson ___________________________________ Beth Allison Barr, Ph.D. ___________________________________ Daniel Payne, Ph.D. Accepted by the Graduate School May 2009 ___________________________________ J.
    [Show full text]
  • Saints and Their Function in the Kingdom of Mercia, 650-850
    SAINTS AND THEIR FUNCTION IN THE KINGDOM OF MERCIA, 650-850 By WILLIAM MICHAEL FRAZIER Bachelor of Science Oklahoma State University Stillwater, Oklahoma 1995 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of the Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS December, 1998 SAINTS AND THEIR FUNCTION IN THE KINGDOM OF MERCIA, 650-850 Thesis Approved: Dean ofthe Graduate College ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my deepest appreciation to my advisor, Dr. J. Paul Bischoff, for his guidance throughout the creation ofthis thesis. Without his suggestions and criticisms, I would have never completed a work worth submitting. To Dr Bischoff I also owe thanks for giving me something I have rarely had in my life: a challenge. I would also like to thank my other commi.ttee members, Dr. Eldevik and Dr. Petrin, who gave me many valuable suggestions during the revision ofthe thesis. Any mistakes that remain after their help are without a doubt my own. I truly appreciate the support which the History department extended to me, especially the financial support ofthe Teaching Assistantship I was generously given. To the wonderful people of the interlibrary loan department lowe an enormous debt. I simply could not have completed this work without the many articles and books which they procured for me. I would also like to thank my parents, Ron and Nancy, for their constant support. Anything good that I achieve in this life is a reflection on them. They have made me who I am today. Finally, I would like to extend my greatest appreciation to my wife, Cindy, who has stayed supportive throughout what has seemed an eternity of research and writing.
    [Show full text]
  • Oswald Whiteblade: Northumbria's 'Irish' King. Max Adams
    Oswald Whiteblade: Northumbria’s ‘Irish’ king. Max Adams King Oswald was the seventh-century warlord who, in founding Lindisfarne, launched a Golden Age in Northumbrian history whose finest outpouring, the marvellous Gospels on show in Durham this summer, is just one of his legacies. He ensured the survival of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms as Christian states by introducing a simple, unaffected form of monasticism and backing it with all the dynastic patronage at his disposal. In death he became a martyr and hero: his body parts were famous for their curative properties and a cult, invoking his virtues as a hybrid holy-tribal totem, spread across Europe. His purple and gold banner was the model for Northumberland’s flag. Today, his shattered skull lies with the relics of Saint Cuthbert in Durham Cathedral but he continues to be invoked as an archetypal Christian prince: a prototype for the chivalrous knight of the Middle Ages. Oswald is an obscure figure. He ruled for just eight years and his youth was spent in exile. It is only Bede’s stirring, if brief, account of his victories, achievements and personality which allows us to glimpse his central role in the Heroic Age: he may have been the inspiration for the epic literary figure Beowulf and such is his place in the pantheon of Dark Age warriors that JRR Tolkien used him as the model for his prodigal prince, Aragorn, in the Lord of the Rings. Oswald comes into sharper relief when we understand the experiences which propelled him towards his destiny, and place him in the landscape to which he returned triumphant in the fateful year of 634.
    [Show full text]