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EVERY CORNER WAS A PICTURE 165 artists of Newlyn and the Newlyn Art Colony 1880–1900 a checklist compiled by George Bednar Fourth Edition 1 2 EVERY CORNER WAS A PICTURE 165 artists of Newlyn and the Newlyn Art Colony 1880–1900 Fourth Edition a checklist compiled by George Bednar ISBN 978 1 85022 192 0 1st edition published 1999 West Cornwall Art Archive 2nd edition © Truran 2004, revised 2005 3rd edition © Truran 2009, revised 2010, 2015 4th edition © Truran 2020 Published byTruran, an imprint of Tor Mark, United Downs Ind Est, St Day, Redruth TR16 5HY Cornwall www.truranbooks.co.uk Printed and bound in Cornwall by R. Booth Ltd, The Praze, Penryn, TR10 8AA Cover image: Walter Langley The Breadwinners/Newlyn Fishwives (Penlee House Gallery & Museum) Insert photographs: © Newlyn Artists Photograph Album, 1880s, Penlee House Gallery & Museum & Cornwall Studies Centre, Redruth ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I take this opportunity to thank Heather and Ivan Corbett, as well as Yvonne Baker, Steve Baxter, Alison Bevan (Director, RWA, formerly Director, Penlee House), John Biggs, Ursula M. Box Bodilly, Cyndie Campbell (National Gallery of Canada), Michael Carver, Michael Child, Robin Bateman, Michael Ginesi, Iris M. Green, Nik Hale, Barbara B. Hall, Melissa Hardie (WCAA), James Hart, Elizabeth Harvey-Lee, Peter Haworth, Katie Herbert (Penlee House, who suggested Truran), Jonathan Holmes, Martin Hopkinson, Ric and Lucy James, Tom and Rosamund Jordan, Alice Lock, Huon Mallallieu, David and Johnathan Messum, Stephen Paisnel, Margaret Powell, M.C. Pybus, Claus Pese, Brian D. Price, Richard Pryke, John Robertson, Frank Ruhrmund, Denise Sage, Peter Shaw, Alan Shears, Brian Stewart, David and Els Strandberg, Leon Suddaby, Sue and Geoffrey Suthers, Peter Symons, Barbara Thompson, David Tovey, Archie Trevillion, Ian Walker, Peter Waverly, John and Denys Wilcox, Christopher Wood, Laura Wortley, Nina Zborowska, and Valentine and John Foster Tonkin. I would like to extend my thanks to the staff at Penlee House Gallery & Museum, Pannett Art Gallery (Whitby), Falmouth Art Gallery, Messum’s, Royal Academy of Arts, Bonhams, Christie’s, Sotheby’s, Antique Collectors’ Club, Eastbourne Fine Art (Waters), Hilmarton Manor Press, Barber Fine Art Library, Birmingham Central Library, The British Library, Cornish Studies Centre (Redruth), Exeter Libraries, Morrab Library, National Art Library, Penzance Library, Tower Hamlets Libraries, London (for this text!), Westminster Reference Library, Witt Library, The Family Records Centre (closed, 2008), Family History Centre, London, Public Record Office and The Hyman Kreitman Research Centre (Tate, London). PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION This compilation began with a letter, dated 1 March 1997, to Penlee House Gallery & Museum, Penzance, Cornwall.The first edition, launched on 2 July 1999, listed 56 names, mainly the core members of the Colony. Eighteen were resident in Newlyn on 5 April 1891, the day of the census. The second edition, published on 5 November 2004, listed 120 names.The third edition, published in 2009, listed 150 names. This fourth edition lists over 160 names and includes the key details of many little-known artists, both members of the Newlyn Colony itself and visitors who came to paint in this remote Cornish fishing village. Fifty-six of these artists contributed to one or more of the four contemporary group exhibitions featuring Cornish colonies. The first was at London’s Dowdeswells’ gallery in 1890. The second was held in Nottingham, in 1894. The third was held in 1902, again in London, at Whitechapel Art Gallery. The other was the Inaugural Exhibition of the Passmore Edwards Art Gallery, Newlyn, in 1895, which included invited artists, such as Sir George Clausen and Lord Leighton. The phrase ‘Newlyn school’ appears in the January 1887 issue of The Art Journal, suggesting an even earlier usage. That same year the West Cornwall Art Union exhibition opened on the same day as the new Penzance Art Museum, 21 September. In its review, The Cornish Telegraph states: “The ‘Newlyn School’ is well represented, most of its principal members being exhibitors”. No fewer than 59 of these artists contributed to the WCAU. Newlyn may not have been as cosmopolitan as St Ives, but who would have thought that no fewer that 12 Cornish artists were associated with the Colony in its heyday, 29 women artists, 25 Birmingham and West Midlands artists, or that 23 of the artists were born outside England. In 1899 the Forbeses founded the Newlyn School of Painting, bringing this survey to a natural close. There is, obviously, so much more to be discovered about the artists who came to Newlyn. With this in mind, I can only hope that this edition will at least prove to be a very useful reference. A Checklist. This final edition is dedicated to all the people who made my life worthwhile. Thank you. Everyone. George, London, 2020. 3 INDEX In general, the names used are as listed in reference books. As with the earlier editions, only where it has not been possible to obtain a certificate to attest to a birth or a death has another source been employed. Please note that where the age at the date of death of an artist is given, the figure is taken from the certificate and does not necessarily reflect the correct age. Nine of the artists, S.J. Birch, Bramley, S.A. Forbes, Hemy, LLewellyn, Moore, Olsson, H.S. Tuke and Waterlow, were Royal Academicians, and two, Crowe and Robinson, Associates. Three of the artists were knighted. The date of election is given with each entry. For a note on ‘Original Newlynites’, please see page 9. 1. ALTHAUS, Fritz B. 1863-1962 2. ARMITAGE, Alfred 1860-1931 ARMSTRONG, Elizabeth Adela: see Mrs E.A. Forbes 3. ASH, Chrissie 1852-1938 4. ASPINWALL, Reginald 1855-1921 5. ATKINSON, Amy Beatrice 1859-1916 6. BARBER, Joseph Mosely 1832-1892 7. BARKER, George 1858-1911 8. BATEMAN, Benjamin Arthur 1847-1894 9. BIRCH, Constance Mary/Mrs Lionel d.1926 10. BIRCH, Lionel 1858-1930 11. BIRCH, Samuel John Lamorna 1869-1955 12. BIRD, Margaret 1864-1948 13. BLACKBURNE, E.R. Ireland 1864-1947 14. BODILLY, Frank 1860-1926 15. BOURDILLON, Frank Wright 1851-1924 16. BRAMLEY, Frank 1857-1915 17. BREAKSPEARE, William Arthur 1856-1914 18. BROWN, Frederick 1851-1941 19. BROWNSWORD, Harry A. 1862-1920 20. BURRINGTON, Arthur Alfred 1856-1924 21. BUTLER, Mildred Anne 1858-1941 22. CARRICK, John Mulcaster 1833-1896 23. CARTER, Richard Harry 1839-1911 24. CATLOW, George Spawton 1855-1925 25. CHASE, Nathaniel Powell 1868-1956 26. CHEADLE, Henry 1852-1931 27. CLOUGH, Thomas 1867-1943 28. CRAFT, Percy Robert 1856-1934 29. CROOKE, John 1861-1935 30. CROWE, Eyre 1824-1910 31. CROXFORD, William Edward 1851-1926 32. da COSTA, John 1866-1931 4 33. DAVIES, George Edward 1866-1912 34. de BRÉANSKI, Gustave 1859-1899 35. DETMOLD, Henry Edward 1854-1924 36. DICK, Reginald Thomas 1868-1941 37. DOBIE, James 1849-1947 38. DOCKER, Edward 1858-1932 39. DOWNING, John E. 1859-1932 40. DOWSON, Russell 1841-1914 41. DURDIN, Charles b.1850 42. ENDERBY, Samuel 1860-1921 43. ESCHKE, Richard Hermann 1859-1944 44. EVA, Charles Andrew 1867-1945 45. EVANS, Fred J.M. 1859-1929 46. FEENEY, Peregrine Mulvogue 1837-1913 47. FERGUSON, W. Lloyd 1854-1943 48. FLETCHER, W.T. Blandford 1858-1936 49. FORBES (Armstrong), Elizabeth Adela 1859-1912 50. FORBES, Stanhope Alexander 1857-1947 51. FORD, Harriet Mary 1859-1938 52. FORTESCUE, William Banks 1850-1924 53. FOWLER, Benjamin 1838-1911 54. FREEMAN, Mary Winifred 1866-1961 55. FULLWOOD, John 1854-1931 56. GARLAND, Charles Trevor 1851-1906 57. GARSTIN, Norman 1847-1926 58. GEOFFROI, Harry Malcolm d.1896 59. GEOFFROI, Henry Malcolm d.1917 60. GILL, Rosalie Lorraine d.1898 61. GOTCH (Yates), Caroline Burland 1854-1945 62. GOTCH, Thomas Cooper 1854-1931 63. GOULDSMITH, Edmund 1852-1932 64. GREEN, Charles Edwin Lewis 1844-1915 65. GREENHALGH, Thomas 1848-1906 66. GREGORY, Charles 1849-1920 67. GRIERSON, Charles MacIver 1864-1939 68. HADDON, Arthur Trevor 1864-1941 69. HALE, William Matthew 1837-1929 70. HALL, Fred 1860-1948 71. HARRIS, Edwin 1855-1906 HARTLEY, Mrs Nora: see Nora Locking 72. HARVEY, Harold 1874-1941 73. HASTIE, Grace Harriet 1839-1926 74. HAYES, Edith Caroline 1860-1948 75. HAYES, Edwin 1819-1904 76. HEATH, Frank Gascoigne 1873-1936 5 77. HEMY, Charles Napier 1841-1917 78. HILL, Ellen G. 1841-1928 79. HILL, Ernest Frederick 1873-1960 80. HILL, Thomas 1847-1926 81. HOLROYD, (Sir) Charles 1861-1917 82. HOPKINS, Arthur 1847-1930 83. HULL, Clementina M. 1844-1910 84. HUNTER, George Sherwood 1846-1919 85. INGRAM, William Ayerst 1855-1913 86. LANGLEY, Walter 1852-1922 87. LILLINGSTON, G.B.P. 1850-1932 88. LLEWELLYN, (Sir) William 1858-1941 89. LLOYD, R. Malcolm 1855-1945 90. LOCKING (Mrs Hartley), Nora 1856-1943 91. MacKENZIE, John Drew 1861-1918 92. McCROSSAN, Mary 1863-1934 93. MANN, Robert 1840-1923 94. MARTIN, Henry 1835-1908 95. MATTHISON, William 1854-1926 96. MAY, Phil 1864-1903 97. MAYNARD 98. MERCER, Frederick 1850-1939 99. MICHELL, Stephen 1824-1909 100. MILLARD, Fred 1857-1937 101. MILLS, S.F. 1830-1882 102. MOORE, Henry 1831-1895 103. MORGAN, Charles 1842-1913 104. MORGAN, Mary Vernon 1846-1927 105. MORGAN, Walter Jenks 1848-1924 106. NASH, John Oxley 1837-1902 107. NICHOLS, Catherine Maude 1847-1923 108. NORDGREN, Anna Kristina 1847-1916 109. NORRIS, Hugh Littleton 1863-1942 110. NORTH, Arthur William 1857-1887 111. OLSSON, Julius 1864-1942 112. OSTREHAN, George William 1868-1903 113. OWEN, George Oswald 1860-1926 114. PASCOE, Lavin 1848-1908 115. PATEY, Ethel Janet 1867-1940 116. PHILLP, Laura E. 1856-1943 117. POPE, Henry 1842-1908 118. PRESTON, Henry 1849-1913 119. QUANCE, Richard 1846-1921 120.