Destination: Paraguay. Study Guide. INSTITUTION Peace Corps, Washington, DC
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Country of Women? Repercussions of the Triple Alliance War in Paraguay∗
Country of Women? Repercussions of the Triple Alliance War in Paraguay∗ Jennifer Alix-Garcia Laura Schechter Felipe Valencia Caicedo Oregon State University UW Madison University of British Columbia S. Jessica Zhu Precision Agriculture for Development April 5, 2021 Abstract Skewed sex ratios often result from episodes of conflict, disease, and migration. Their persistent impacts over a century later, and especially in less-developed regions, remain less understood. The War of the Triple Alliance (1864{1870) in South America killed up to 70% of the Paraguayan male population. According to Paraguayan national lore, the skewed sex ratios resulting from the conflict are the cause of present-day low marriage rates and high rates of out-of-wedlock births. We collate historical and modern data to test this conventional wisdom in the short, medium, and long run. We examine both cross-border and within-country variation in child-rearing, education, labor force participation, and gender norms in Paraguay over a 150 year period. We find that more skewed post-war sex ratios are associated with higher out-of-wedlock births, more female-headed households, better female educational outcomes, higher female labor force participation, and more gender-equal gender norms. The impacts of the war persist into the present, and are seemingly unaffected by variation in economic openness or ties to indigenous culture. Keywords: Conflict, Gender, Illegitimacy, Female Labor Force Participation, Education, History, Persistence, Paraguay, Latin America JEL Classification: D74, I25, J16, J21, N16 ∗First draft May 20, 2020. We gratefully acknowledge UW Madison's Graduate School Research Committee for financial support. We thank Daniel Keniston for early conversations about this project. -
Tobati : Tradition and Change in a Paraguayan Town
TOBATI: TRADITION AND CHANGE IN A PARAGUAYAN TOWN BY JAMES ESTON HAY A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 1993 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA LIBRARIES ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research was funded by a Fulbright HE Dissertation Fellowship under the U.S. Department of Education, and a Dissertation Fellowship from the Organization of American States. I am most grateful for the support of both institutions in completing the fieldwork necessary for this study. I especially thank Mr. Alan Rogers, United States Information Service in Asuncion, and Sr. Atilio Nieto, special operations officer of the Organization of American States, in the same city, for their personal attention during my stay in Paraguay. During the many years I worked with the Peace Corps and with private business in Paraguay, I made many close friends, met many people, and made contact with many institutions in both the governmental and private sectors. When I returned to Paraguay to embark on the present study, I was grateful that those people were there to greet me and help me in so many ways. I often prevailed upon the kindness and patience of old friends and acquaintances, as much for camaraderie as for assistance in my work. Due to the help of many individuals, I bypassed much of the red tape and bureaucratic "channels" (truly the bane of researchers in Latin American countries) that otherwise would have made life so much more difficult and less pleasurable. I was especially happy to see old friends and colleagues among the Paraguayan staff of the Peace Corps as well as the directors and staff of MONITOR S.A. -
The Paraguayan Chaco and Its Possible Future: Discussion Author(S): H
The Paraguayan Chaco and Its Possible Future: Discussion Author(s): H. E., Maurice de Bunsen, R. B. Cunninghame Graham, A. Ewbank, J. W. Evans and W. Barbrooke Grubb Source: The Geographical Journal, Vol. 54, No. 3 (Sep., 1919), pp. 171-178 Published by: geographicalj Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1780057 Accessed: 21-06-2016 12:21 UTC Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Wiley, The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to The Geographical Journal This content downloaded from 128.223.86.31 on Tue, 21 Jun 2016 12:21:30 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms THE PARAGUAYAN CHACO AND ITS POSSIBLE FUTURE 171 already accessible. The lands in their present condition, provided that water could be secured, are estimated to carry safely five hundred cattle per Paraguayan league, and if this province could be developed in this way the total value represented would be immense. Fencing is an easy matter, as posts are abundant and almost always near at hand. The Indians make capital cow-boys and expert fencers. The wood industry at present consists chiefly in the export of tanning from the quebracho tree, but the exploitation of these forests depends entirely upon the means of conveyance. -
Analysis of International Investments in the Agricultural Sector of Paraguay
- 1 - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Trade and Markets Division (EST) Policy Assistance Support Services (TCSP) Analysis of International Investments in the Agricultural Sector of Paraguay. (Draft Report) By Jose Rente Nascimento Senior International Consultant Brasilia – Brazil December, 2010 2 Disclaimer: The conclusions and recommendations presented here are those of the author and do not represent the official policy of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations or the Government of Paraguay. © 2010 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Viale delle Terme di Caracalla 00153 Rome, Italy 2 - 3 - Contents I.INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................13 II.FDI IN PARAGUAY..........................................................................................................15 A.Comparative importance of FDI for Paraguay.....................................................16 B.FDI in Agriculture Sector.....................................................................................21 C.TNC Investment in Paraguayan Agriculture.........................................................22 III.IMPACTS OF FDI IN THE AGRICULTURE SECTOR OF PARAGUAY....................................25 A.Economic Impacts................................................................................................25 B.Environmental Impacts.........................................................................................26 -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.248,158 B2 Brown Et Al
USOO92481.58B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 9.248,158 B2 BrOWn et al. (45) Date of Patent: Feb. 2, 2016 (54) HERBAL SUPPLEMENTS AND METHODS OF 2008/022O101 A1* 9, 2008 Buchwald-Werner ... A23L 1,293 USE THEREOF 424,728 2008/0268024 A1* 10, 2008 Rull Prous et al. ........... 424/439 (71) Applicant: KBS Research, LLC, Plano, TX (US) 2010, 0008887 A1 1/2010 Nakamoto et al. (72) Inventors: Kenneth Brown, Plano, TX (US); FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Brandi M. Scott, Plano, TX (US) FR 2770228 A1 * 4, 1999 WO 2012131728 A2 10, 2012 (73) Assignee: KBS RESEARCH, LLC, Plano, TX (US) OTHER PUBLICATIONS (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this Zotte et al., Dietary inclusion of tannin extract from red quebracho patent is extended or adjusted under 35 trees (Schinopsis spp.) in the rabbit meat production, 2009, Ital J U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. Anim Sci., 8:784-786.* Becker, K., et al. “Effects of dietary tannic acid and quebracho tannin on growth performance and metabolic rates of common carp (21) Appl. No.: 14/072,502 (Cyprinus carpio L.), Aquaculture, May 15, 1999, vol. 175, Issues Filed: Nov. 5, 2013 3-4, pp. 327-335. (22) Durmic, Z. et al. “Bioactive plants and plant products: Effects on Prior Publication Data animal function, health and welfare'. Animal Feed Science and Tech (65) nology, Sep. 21, 2012, vol. 176, Issues 1-4, pp. 150-162. US 2014/01.41108A1 May 22, 2014 Search Report and Written Opinion mailed Jan. 29, 2014, in corre sponding International Patent Application No. -
WO 2017/203429 Al 30 November 2017 (30.11.2017) W !P O PCT
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2017/203429 Al 30 November 2017 (30.11.2017) W !P O PCT (51) International Patent Classification: TR), OAPI (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, A61K36/87 (2006.01) A61K8/00 (2006.01) KM, ML, MR, NE, SN, TD, TG). (21) International Application Number: Published: PCT/IB2017/053035 — with international search report (Art. 21(3)) (22) International Filing Date: 23 May 2017 (23.05.2017) (25) Filing Language: English (26) Publication Langi English (30) Priority Data: P201630673 24 May 2016 (24.05.2016) ES (71) Applicants: UNIVERSITAT POLITECNICA DE CATALUNYA [ES/ES]; Jordi Girona, 3 1, 08034 Barcelona (ES). CONSORCI ESCOLA TECNICA D'IGUALADA [ES/ES]; Av. Pla de la Massa, 8, 08700 Igualada (ES). (72) Inventors: ANNA, Bacardit Dalmases; Av. Vilanova, 55, 2, 08700 Igualada (ES). LUIS, Olle Otero; C. Joan Lla- cuna Carbonell, 1, 08700 Igualada (ES). SILVIA, Sorolla Casellas; Av. Balmes, 14, ler. la., 08700 Igualada (ES). CONCEPCI0, Casas Sole; C. Pierola, 5, escala A, 3er. 2a., 08700 Igualada (ES). (74) Agent: VIDAL, Maria Merce; C. Consell de Cent, 322, 08007 Barcelona (ES). (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DJ, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KH, KN, KP, KR, KW, KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY,TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. -
1.1.4 Conditions of Agricultural Development in Paraguay The
1.1.4 Conditions of agricultural development in Paraguay The conditions required for agricultural development will be analyzed from the micro perspective of regional agriculture and farming operations that actually support agricultural production rather than from a macro, country-level frame of reference. Firstly, regional agricultural characteristics and development trends will be clarified based on the production trends of major agricultural and livestock products in each department. Secondly, the difficulty of improving production and implementing diversified farming - major issues in agricultural policy - will be examined by discussing the differences in production incentives for cotton and vegetables. In addition, the supporting factor behind soybean production will be analyzed by correlating it to regional agricultural characteristics. (1) Viewpoint and approach in the analysis of regional agriculture Paraguay is divided by the Paraguay River between the Oriental (14 departments) and Occidental Regions (3 departments) that runs from north to south. The total national land area (407,000km2) is four to six and 98 % of the farms are dispersed throughout the Oriental Region. The MAG has divided the Oriental Region into 7 zones (north, east, central east, south, and central south, southwest, and central) and together with the Occidental Region, there are eight agricultural zones. Agricultural development in Paraguay occurred when farms moved from rural to rural in search of fertile land and farming in extensive land areas became an important factor. The two departments of Parana and Itapua which are located in the most fertile east and south zones have developed as soybean production centers, by accepting foreign immigrants and domestic farmers migrating from other regions in the country. -
Intake of Water Containing Condensed Tannin by Cattle and Sheep Scott L
Rangeland Ecol Manage 61:354–358 | May 2008 Research Note Intake of Water Containing Condensed Tannin by Cattle and Sheep Scott L. Kronberg Author is Animal Scientist, US Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service, Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, Mandan, ND 58554, USA. Abstract Ingestion of small amounts of condensed tannin (CT) by ruminants can prevent bloat, improve nitrogen retention, and reduce excretion of urea, a precursor of ammonia and the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide. Because grasses and many forbs don’t contain CT, it is desirable to find a reliable way to have ruminant livestock ingest small amounts of CT when they consume high-quality forage. Putting CT in their drinking water may be a reliable approach, but only if all animals drink enough to meet their requirements for water. Therefore, objectives of this study were to determine the amount of variation in intake of water containing different amounts of CT when this was the only water available, and if cattle and sheep would drink water with CT in it if offered tap water simultaneously. Animals were penned or pastured individually, fed twice daily (first cattle and sheep trial) or grazed (second cattle trial) and had ad libitum access to tannin water, tap water, or both. Liquid intake was measured daily. Steers drank tannin solutions (mean daily intake 49.7–58.3 kg), but variation in intake among steers was higher than for tap water (SD were 44%–58% greater for the two most concentrated tannin solutions). At the highest concentration of tannin, steers ingested 2.3% of their daily feed intake in CT. -
Fear Or Report Name. Pdf
S==dz 3 fate The electronic version of this file/report should have the file name: Type of document . S jte Number . Year-Month . File J'ea.2- Fear or Report name. pdf I , .pdf example: letter. Year-Month. File Year-Year . pdf worY-fhn. R\0... 905-004. /989- 02-01· Cloiu re-z>), 41*18 4- VOLZ .pdf . example:, report . Site Number . Year-Month . Report Name . pdf · · - Project Site numbers ·will be proceeded by the following:. Municipal Brownfields -' B . Superfund - HW Spills - SP ER:P-E VCP -V BCP-C 1 Engineering Report 1 1 PALMER STREET LANDFILL 1 CLOSURE/POST-CLOSURE PLAN (EPA ID NYD002126910) 1 VOLUME 11 : APPENDICES 1 Y 1 2 1 Moench Tanning Company 1 Diision of Brown Group, Inc. Gowanda, New York J 1 1 October 4. 1985 Revised November 1987 Revised February 1989 1 Revised August 1989 Project No. 0605-12-1 1 IRNI ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERS, SCIENTISTS & PLANNERS 1 1 1 =Isr 1 MOENCH TANNING COMPANY PALMER STREET LANDFILL CLOSURE/POST-CLOSURE PLAN 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 VOLUME 1 Page 1 1.0 FACILITY DESCRIPTION ........... 1 1 1 1 1.1 General Description ........... ... 1.1.1 Products Produced ........ 1 1 1.1.2 Site Description ........ 1 2 1 1 2 1.2 Waste Generation ........./. .. 1.2.1 Maximum Hazardous Waste Inventory 1 4 1.3 Landfill Operation ........... 1 5 1 6 1 1.4 Topographic Map ........... .. 1.5 Facility Location Information ...... 1 6 1.5.1 Seismic Standard ........ .. 1 6 1 1.5.2 Floodplain Standard ....... 1 -6 1 7 1.5.3 Demonstration of Compliance .. -
Paraguay Population Density
1'1 I). E-190 Public Disclosure Authorized This report is not to be published nor may it be quoted as repre8enting~he Ba~1t· s views. Public Disclosure Authorized A~IUCULTURE IN PARAOUA Y ., Public Disclosure Authorized BY DOUWE GROENVELD Public Disclosure Authorized October Z5. 1951 TABlJI OF CONTENl'S Foreword SUMHARY i I. BASIC CONDITIONS 1 (a) Geography and Population (b) Land Tenure (c) The Soil (d) The Climate (e) The People (f) Capital Goods (g) Government Policy II. CURRENI' SITUATION 6 (a) Crops (b) Animals (c) Meat Production (d) Export and Inport (e) Cost of Production (f) Prices (g) Trade III. ASPECTS OF AGRICULTURAL POLICY 11 (a) Central Zone (b) lnunigration (c) Government Services (d) Processing Plants (e) Transnort (f) Forec~st Appendices: Suggestions as to agricultural policy. List of Literature. Map 1: Population Density. Map 2: Land use in Eastern Paraguay. Foreword A staff member of the Economic Department of l.B.R.D., who visited Paraguay in August 1951, prepared this report for the management of the Bank. For this reason it does not reflect the views or policies of the Directors or management of the Bank. The writer had an opportunity to visit most of the agriculturally important areas and insti tutions of the country, thanks to the courtesy of the Central Ban~ of Paraguay and the Servicio Teeniao lnteramericano de Cooperaeion Agricola. Washington, D.C. October, 1951. AGRICULTURE IN PARAGUAY STJM.tllARY Practically all of Paraguay's 100,000 odd farmers live in the eastern part of the country where they cultivate an area of 360,000 ha. -
Ecological and Social Consequences of the Forest Transition Theory As
Land Use Policy 51 (2016) 8–17 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Land Use Policy jo urnal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/landusepol Ecological and social consequences of the Forest Transition Theory as applied to the Argentinean Great Chaco a,b,∗ b b Silvia D. Matteucci , Mariana Totino , Pablo Arístide a National Research Council of Argentina, Argentina b Landscape Ecology and Environment Team, Buenos Aires University, Argentina a r a t i b s c t l e i n f o r a c t Article history: Forest transition is the change from net deforestation to net reforestation. According to the Forest Tran- Received 17 August 2015 sition Theory (FTT) in its original form, reforestation is triggered by the last stage of socio-economic Received in revised form 13 October 2015 development, when the rural population migrates to urban areas, and forest cover expands naturally on Accepted 30 October 2015 abandoned agricultural fields. The assumptions underlying the FTT have been changed to extrapolate it Available online 19 November 2015 to the Argentinean Great Chaco (AGC). It is suggested that Indigenous people and low income peasants, who use land inefficiently, should migrate to the urban areas in search of a better life quality. Thus, the Keywords: abandoned lands could be used for conservation, while the most suitable soils could be destined for Deforestation Development food production. However, the subtropical forests in the AGC are highly vulnerable to desertification, as a consequence of rainfall irregularity and high summer evaporation rates. The probability exists that Indigenous people Low-income peasants forest recovery does not occur in time scales relevant for conservation. -
Inter-American Foundation (IAF) Monthly Management Reports, 2016-2018
Description of document: Inter-American Foundation (IAF) monthly management reports, 2016-2018 Requested date: 02-March-2018 Release date: 15-May-2018 Posted date: 04-March-2019 Source of document: FOIA Request Office of the General Counsel 1331 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Suite 1200 North Washington, DC 20004 Email: [email protected] The governmentattic.org web site (“the site”) is noncommercial and free to the public. The site and materials made available on the site, such as this file, are for reference only. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals have made every effort to make this information as complete and as accurate as possible, however, there may be mistakes and omissions, both typographical and in content. The governmentattic.org web site and its principals shall have neither liability nor responsibility to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused, or alleged to have been caused, directly or indirectly, by the information provided on the governmentattic.org web site or in this file. The public records published on the site were obtained from government agencies using proper legal channels. Each document is identified as to the source. Any concerns about the contents of the site should be directed to the agency originating the document in question. GovernmentAttic.org is not responsible for the contents of documents published on the website. Inter-American Foundation An Independent Agency of the U.S. Government FOIA IAF-2018-007 March 15, 2018 Via email This letter is in response to your Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) email inquiry, received on March 1, 2018.