Curso 2015-2016 GOVT. of SHARJAH DEPARTAMENT OF

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Curso 2015-2016 GOVT. of SHARJAH DEPARTAMENT OF ETSI en Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía Universidad Politécnica de Madrid PROYECTO FIN DE CARRERA Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 (EAU) Curso 2015-2016 GOVT. OF SHARJAH DEPARTAMENT OF CULTURE & INFORMATION UNITED ARAB EMIRATES Tutores: Alumno: Mercedes Farjas Abadía Pablo Moreno Sánchez Rafael Eugenio Guadalupe García ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 Pablo Moreno Sánchez ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 AGRADECIMIENTOS Con este PFC doy por finalizada mi etapa universitaria, por una parte ha durado mucho, casi 7 años, en los que la incompatibilidad laboral ha supuesto la mayor parte de las complicaciones, y no ha sido fácil llegar hasta aquí. Cada aprobado ha sido un triunfo personal, de cada curso, me llevo con nostalgia, todas aquellas personas como tú, compañeros de tantos días, exámenes y cafés, profesores, amigos ya entre ellos, que aparte de mostrar su estricta disciplina que siempre he valorado, han demostrado también que fuera de las aulas también son personas, me han demostrado tener consciencia de que estudiar y trabajar no es fácil, que valoran las personas trabajadoras, que tienen plena y gratuita disposición, buenas palabras, halagos y ánimos a los jóvenes como yo que, por llevar por bandera una actitud inconformista, hemos querido alcanzar un escalón más alto a cualquier precio, os estaré eternamente agradecido a todos porque esto es lo realmente importante en la vida, encontrar personas que te hagan sumar, y ha sido en muchas ocasiones el empuje que sin saberlo, he necesitado. Muchas Gracias. También me voy con alegría, de esta universidad donde me he enriquecido tanto, no solo a nivel de conocimientos, también a nivel social y personal, esta etapa ha rellenado todas mis lagunas que mi actitud autodidacta me generó en mi anterior etapa de Obra, desde 2004; me ha conformado como un profesional más preciso, más formado, más perseverante, me ha resuelto infinidad de dudas, y cientos de horas con conocimientos que aplicaré el resto de mi vida, ahora si, como Ingeniero en Topografía. Este proyecto, ocupa ocho meses de mi vida, y muchas horas de oficina, redactando memoria, elaborando información y modelos espaciales, a partir de fotografías bidimensionales y una nube de puntos 3D, que han dado este fruto, y han supuesto en el autor, un cambio de perspectiva tanto en las aplicaciones BIM como en las aptitudes personales en este ámbito. Mis agradecimientos ahora y tras esta introducción, en primera instancia, son para mis tutores, Dra. Mercedes Farjas y Dr. Rafael Eugenio Guadalupe García, ellos me han dirigido con la libertad de permitirme tomar mis propias directrices en este PFC, que me han llevado a lograr los resultados obtenidos. El reportaje fotográfico de la Campaña UPM 2015, fue vital para crear los parámetros dimensionales que han permitido dar forma virtual a un modelo 3D próximo a la realidad, objetivo principal de este Proyecto. La involucración incondicional de Dr. Rafael Guadalupe García y D. Efraín Muñoz Pardo, fue sin precedentes, sin ellos no habría sido posible una planificación 4D bien estructurada, organizada y ejecutada; tampoco la conversión del 4D bajo Synchro Pro para el video constructivo. También es parte de este PFC, Raquel Ruíz Fernández, que con los datos brutos GPS y su cartografía fruto de su PFC “Levantamiento a escala 1/200 del yacimiento arqueológico de MLEIHA zona 6”, en 2013, fue posible poder tener datos de partida a nivel topográfico. Pablo Moreno Sánchez i ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 Por otro lado, agradecer, a Víctor M. Pérez López, Responsable de los Trabajos Topográficos en los Yacimientos, proporcionarme información fotográfica de la maquetación del Museo de Sharjah, y un levantamiento topográfico actualizado de la zona de trabajo, ya que sin ello, no habría sido posible fusionarlo con la cartografía de partida para obtener un Modelo del Terreno más actual, y con ello generar el modelo 3D de la Cocina del Yacimiento que toma importancia por su geometría irregular, y por otro lado definir con más detalle el entorno del modelo 3D principal. Este proyecto está dedicado a mi familia y en primera instancia a mi Tía-abuela Justa Blázquez Jiménez, que en paz descanse, que fue como mi segunda madre, tía, aunque el Alzheimer no te permitía ser consciente en todo momento, siempre supe que estabas muy orgullosa de mí. A mi hermana y su pareja, Beatriz Moreno Sánchez e Ignacio García-Comas Vega, que han soportado las largas conversaciones en mis peores momentos, que han sido mis confidentes y amigos, para darme un soplo de oxígeno, y energía cuando lo he necesitado, sin importar la hora, gracias por creer en mi. También me debo a mi Madre y mi hermano, Mª Inmaculada-Concepción-Luisa Sánchez Blázquez, gracias a su perseverancia en la vida, soy lo que soy gracias a ella, aparte su apoyo incondicional me ha ayudado cada día a mirar todo desde otra perspectiva, a aprender nuevas formas de encajar los golpes de la vida, a superarme y a creer en mí, cuando nadie lo hacía, y Eduardo Moreno Sánchez, que aunque no ha estado en el proceso, ha compartido y celebrado mis logros con entusiasmo, gracias. Gracias también a mi Padre, que aunque en la distancia desde madrid, siempre ha tenido los mejores consejos que darme, tener plena disposición para lo que necesitase y hacerme consciente de mi validez en todo momento. Agradecer al resto de mi familia, que han querido siempre depositar en mí, sus consejos y ánimos, en esta etapa, gracias. A Silvia Martin Woodcock, que siempre ha tenido tiempo para escuchar a un amigo, y compartir buenos momentos y no tan buenos, gracias. A Edmundo Lobato Ezquerra, que me ha acompañado en toda esta etapa, sin perder en un solo momento las ganas de infundirme motivación y tenerme en muy alta estima, haciéndome consciente de ello en cuanto tenía oportunidad brindándome hasta sus propias oportunidades laborales, gracias. A Joaquín Azcue, Antonio Villena Martin, Miguel Fiol Piquero, excompañeros con los que comparto amistad después de tantos años, y de las experiencias de Obra que juntos hemos vivido, ellos no han dejado de creer en mi valía y en definitiva, han sido un apoyo sólido desde los inicios, gracias. Este proyecto está dedicado a todas las personas aquí nombradas y no nombradas que hasta ahora, han compartido extractos de mi vida, y que directa o indirectamente han contribuido a forjar la persona que soy hoy, y ello me ha permitido elaborar un fruto como este proyecto. Pablo Moreno Sánchez ii ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 RESUMEN La idea de este Proyecto Fin de Carrera (PFC) nace del sistema de ejecución de proyectos estructurales a nivel mundial, y busca contribuir a la evolución de la ejecución de proyectos, lo que conlleva a la búsqueda de modelos y software que den más soporte de información, con el objeto de optimizar la rentabilidad. En este PFC, se ejecuta sobre el ámbito arqueológico pero su aplicación se puede extender a cualquier otra sección. En Los últimos años, y desde 2008 se ha empezado a implantar una metodología de trabajo innovadora, que frente a la situación de crisis económica que lleva asolando el sector constructivo a nivel mundial desde 2007, pretende establecer las bases que marquen un antes y un después en viabilidad, organización, ejecución y beneficios, de todo proyecto, en la industria de la AEC (acrónimo ingles de los sectores de la industria Architecture, Engineering, Construction), hablamos de BIM. El diseño digital de las investigaciones arqueológicas hasta hace escasos años, han estado limitados al 2D, el 3D suponía instrumentación muy costosa que la hacía inasequible, dada la limitación económica. Aplicar BIM en este tipo de proyectos, supone dotarlos de una visión espacial que sea capaz de atraer el interés de nuevos inversores. En la mayoría de los casos la toma de decisiones en la venta de un producto mejora notablemente cuando su alcance se capta con una imagen 3D, un aliciente digital que hasta ahora no ha permitido mostrar toda la magnitud que engloban estos proyectos, y que se espera revolucionen su entorno. En este PFC se utiliza la tecnología BIM para simular la reconstrucción del yacimiento arqueológico MLH-6 situado en Emiratos Árabes Unidos. PALABRAS CLAVE Mleiha, BIM, Autodesk Revit, Arqueología Pablo Moreno Sánchez iii ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 Pablo Moreno Sánchez iv ETSI Topografía, Geodesia y Cartografía - Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Técnicas BIM aplicadas a la reconstrucción 3D del yacimiento arqueológico MLEIHA-6 OBJETIVOS El objetivo principal que persigue este Trabajo Fin de Carrera es identificar y evaluar el impacto de la metodología de trabajo BIM, aplicado en un proyecto arqueológico. Se pretende a modo de introducción proporcionar una visión global de la metodología BIM y sus ventajas para la gestión de un proyecto estructural, y por otra parte su aplicación práctica en el proyecto de un yacimiento arqueológico.
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