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SISTEMA DE DEMOSTRACIÓN PARA SISTEMAS OPERATIVOS DE TIEMPO REAL SOBRE SISTEMAS EMPOTRADOS, CASO: UP ADAPTABLE NIOS II César Iván Alvear Vega Ricardo Antonio Palacios Ledezma Trabajo de Grado en Modalidad de Desarrollo Monografía presentada para optar al título de Ingeniero en Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones Directora Mag. Ing. Carolina Ríos Fuentes Co-Directora Mag. (c) Ing. Mary Cristina Carrascal Universidad del Cauca Facultad de Ingeniería Electrónica y Telecomunicaciones Departamento de Telemática Popayán, Octubre de 2010 Tabla de Contenido Tabla de Contenido ................................................................................................................. I Índice de Ilustraciones ............................................................................................................. I Índice de Tablas ..................................................................................................................... II Capítulo I Introducción........................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Contexto ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Escenarios de motivación............................................................................................. 2 1.3 Definición del problema ................................................................................................ 3 1.4 Objetivos ....................................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Trabajos relacionados .................................................................................................. 4 1.6 Solución propuesta ....................................................................................................... 8 1.7 Contribuciones .............................................................................................................. 8 1.8 Contenido ...................................................................................................................... 9 Capítulo II Fundamentos Teóricos ...................................................................................... 10 2.1 Sistemas de Tiempo Real STR .................................................................................. 10 2.2 Sistemas Operativos de Tiempo Real (SOTR) .......................................................... 14 2.3 Sistema Empotrado: Nios II Development Kit, Stratix II Edition ................................ 18 Capítulo III Diseño e Implementación del Sistema de Depuración .................................... 34 3.1 Arquitectura del Sistema............................................................................................. 34 3.2 Modelado del sistema propuesto. .............................................................................. 38 3.3 Practicas sobre Sistemas Operativos de Tiempo Real ............................................. 52 Capítulo IV Prototipo y Pruebas .......................................................................................... 56 4.1 Herramientas Software ............................................................................................... 56 4.2 Problemas encontrados en el desarrollo del sistema ................................................ 60 4.3 Procedimiento de Evaluación del Prototipo y Pruebas .............................................. 61 Capítulo V Conclusiones y Trabajos Futuros....................................................................... 72 5.1 Conclusiones .............................................................................................................. 72 5.2 Trabajos Futuros ......................................................................................................... 73 Referencias Bibliográficas .................................................................................................... 75 Índice de Ilustraciones Figura 2-1 Diagrama de Bloques, placa de Desarrollo Nios, Stratix II Edition................... 25 Figura 2-2 Placa de Desarrollo Nios, Stratix II Edition........................................................ 26 Figura 2-3 Sistema de procesador Nios II .......................................................................... 27 Figura 2-4 Núcleo Procesador NIOS II ............................................................................... 28 Figura 2-5 Conector Ethernet RJ-45 ................................................................................... 30 Figura 2-6 Conector Serial DB-9 ........................................................................................ 30 Figura 2-7 Conectores de Expansión PROTO1-PROTO2 ................................................ 30 Figura 2-8 Conector CompactFlash .................................................................................... 31 Figura 2-9 Conector PMC.................................................................................................... 31 Figura 2-10 Conector Mictor............................................................................................... 32 Figura 2-11 Conectores JTAG ............................................................................................ 33 I Figura 3-12 Diagrama modular del sistema ........................................................................ 35 Figura 3-13 Interfaz de descarga USB-Blaster ................................................................... 36 Figura 3-14 Diagrama de casos de uso servidor ................................................................ 38 Figura 3-15 Diagrama de casos de uso .............................................................................. 40 Figura 3-16 Diagrama de secuencia ................................................................................... 50 Figura 3-17 Diagrama de Clases Servidor.......................................................................... 51 Figura 3-18 Diagrama de Clases Cliente ............................................................................ 52 Figura 4-19 Diagrama modular de herramientas software ................................................. 57 Figura 4-20 Tarjeta de prueba conectada y configurada.................................................... 62 Figura 4-21 Funcionamiento de periféricos de entrada y salida ........................................ 63 Figura 4-22 Servidor en consola de comandos en espera de una conexión ..................... 63 Figura 4-23 Cliente en consola de comandos conectado al servidor ................................ 64 Figura 4-24 Cliente depurando en consola de comandos .................................................. 64 Figura 4-25 Ejecución de práctica de los Sistemas Operativos en Tiempo Real sobre la tarjeta de desarrollo .............................................................................................................. 65 Figura 4-26 Señal de video con retardo considerable ........................................................ 66 Figura 4-27 Señal de video con retardo disminuido .......................................................... 66 Figura 4-28 Proceso de ejecución de la aplicación de depuración remota ....................... 68 Figura 4-29 Configuración de cuatro equipos cliente y un equipo servidor ....................... 69 Figura 4-30 Resultado de evaluación con estudiantes....................................................... 71 Figura 4-31 Porcentaje del nivel de aceptación.................................................................. 71 Índice de Tablas Tabla 1 Aplicaciones de los Sistemas de Tiempo Real........................................................ 1 Tabla 2 Sistemas Operativos de Tiempo Real SOTR ........................................................ 15 Tabla 3 Caso de Uso: Ejecutar Servidor............................................................................. 38 Tabla 4 Caso de Uso: Detener Servidor ............................................................................. 39 Tabla 5 Caso de Uso: Lanzar Video ................................................................................... 39 Tabla 6 Caso de Uso: Configurar servidor.......................................................................... 41 Tabla 7 Caso de Uso: Conectar al Servidor ....................................................................... 41 Tabla 8 Caso de Uso: Abrir archivo ejecutable................................................................... 42 Tabla 9 Caso de Uso: Abrir código fuente .......................................................................... 42 Tabla 10 Caso de Uso: Conectar ........................................................................................ 43 Tabla 11 Caso de Uso: Cargar Ejecutable ......................................................................... 44 Tabla 12 Caso de Uso: Efectuar el comando Ejecutar....................................................... 44 Tabla 13 Caso de Uso: Ejecutar el comando Parar ........................................................... 45 Tabla 14 Caso de Uso: Ejecutar el comando Next ............................................................. 45 Tabla 15 Caso de Uso: Ejecutar el comando Step ............................................................. 46 Tabla 16 Caso de Uso: Fijar BreackPoint ........................................................................... 46 Tabla 17 Caso de Uso: Eliminar BreackPoint ....................................................................
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