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Bruce Beresford's Breaker Morant Re-Viewed
FILMHISTORIA Online Vol. 30, núm. 1 (2020) · ISSN: 2014-668X The Boers and the Breaker: Bruce Beresford’s Breaker Morant Re-Viewed ROBERT J. CARDULLO University of Michigan Abstract This essay is a re-viewing of Breaker Morant in the contexts of New Australian Cinema, the Boer War, Australian Federation, the genre of the military courtroom drama, and the directing career of Bruce Beresford. The author argues that the film is no simple platitudinous melodrama about military injustice—as it is still widely regarded by many—but instead a sterling dramatization of one of the most controversial episodes in Australian colonial history. The author argues, further, that Breaker Morant is also a sterling instance of “telescoping,” in which the film’s action, set in the past, is intended as a comment upon the world of the present—the present in this case being that of a twentieth-century guerrilla war known as the Vietnam “conflict.” Keywords: Breaker Morant; Bruce Beresford; New Australian Cinema; Boer War; Australian Federation; military courtroom drama. Resumen Este ensayo es una revisión del film Consejo de guerra (Breaker Morant, 1980) desde perspectivas como la del Nuevo Cine Australiano, la guerra de los boers, la Federación Australiana, el género del drama en una corte marcial y la trayectoria del realizador Bruce Beresford. El autor argumenta que la película no es un simple melodrama sobre la injusticia militar, como todavía es ampliamente considerado por muchos, sino una dramatización excelente de uno de los episodios más controvertidos en la historia colonial australiana. El director afirma, además, que Breaker Morant es también una excelente instancia de "telescopio", en el que la acción de la película, ambientada en el pasado, pretende ser una referencia al mundo del presente, en este caso es el de una guerra de guerrillas del siglo XX conocida como el "conflicto" de Vietnam. -
A Study Guide by Robert Lewis
© ATOM 2014 A STUDY GUIDE BY ROBERT LEWIS http://www.metromagazine.com.au ISBN: 978-1-74295-450-9 http://www.theeducationshop.com.au OVERVIEW In 1902 two Australian soldiers were CURRICULUM arrested for killing prisoners, held in APPLICABILITY prison, allowed access to a lawyer to but his trial and hasty execution was Breaker Morant: The Retrial prepare their defence only one day a cover up for commanding officers is a resource that be used by before the trial started, denied access who issued orders to take no prison- middle and upper secondary to a key witness during the trial, found ers which they later denied. The high students in guilty, and sentenced to death. They command was imposing a program were executed one day after they were of murder and near genocide in a History: told they had been found guilty. campaign to subjugate the local Boer - The development of population in South Africa all for the Australian national identity Could this be a fair trial? purpose of controlling the newly dis- - Federation and the Early covered goldfields. Commonwealth Should an injustice be righted even - Australia and the Boer War after more than 100 years? This was the first war to be filmed by Legal Studies: the newly invented movie camera and - Law and Justice The two soldiers who were treated this the international telegraph meant that way were Lt Harry ‘Breaker’ Morant for the first time events across the Film Studies: and Lt Peter Handcock. world could be on the front page the - Documentary Film next day. The film Breaker Morant The Retrial (Gregory Miller And Nick Bleszynski, In this film fully dramatised scenes 2013, 2 x 52 minute episodes) expos- illustrate the complex story. -
Honours at Graduation, Deans' Lists of Academic Excellence and Prizes 2011
THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY HONOURS AT GRADUATION, DEANS’ LISTS OF ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE AND PRIZES 2011 THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY HONOURS AT GRADUATION, 1 DEANS’ LISTS OF ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE AND PRIZES 2011 THE UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY HONOURS AT GRADUATION, DEANS’ LISTS OF ACADEMIC EXCELLENCE AND PRIZES 2011 The University of Sydney congratulates its high-achieving students for their outstanding results in 2011. Well done and best of luck for your future endeavours. UNIVERSITY OF SYDNEY ACADEMIC Cameron MA Factor D MERIT PRIZE Cao TPN Farrugia J Adermann E Carini RG Findlater NC Akkaragumtorn N Carr JA Fleming GE Alagich R Carr SRJ Funamoto J Aldous HP Cartwright VE Gavaghan EA Alexander ES Cayzer CA Gay M Alexander LS Chan GKK Gibson JA Allen SL Chan MC Gillespie J Amati KB Chan T Goldberg AS Anderson T Chan TCW Goldman M Anic T Chappell JV Gong ATY Anthony P Charlton OA Gonzales BF Ashwell PW Chen JS Graham-Robinson B Atienza DD Chen MA Greenup LC Attenborough TM Cheng NY Grimm L Augimeri FR Cheng TL Hallgath T Aurora J Cheng YKA Hanh J Ayre JR Chew SX Hart JD Bank JJ Cheyne EK Hatem MR Barry MP Choong LC Hauser N Barton CM Chua HC Heath LE Barton JM Clapton MJ Hernandez IM Behrens A Clarkeburn H Hill SA Best OVDB Co WS Hoang TT Blackburn JP Coleman LA Hoque M Blain HPA Coleman LJ Howard B Blau T Collins-Craft NA Howarth DK Borger NA Compton N Hsu YK Bourne GJ Condell J Hubble CL Brackenreg EP Congram DC Huynh MT Brand EK Contini AJ Hyde MR Briggs A Conway Lamb ID Ienna SM Broekhuyse M Cung DV Jeyaratnam JJ Brooks BJ Czapski N Jones AG Brooks -
An Infantry Officer in Court – a Review of Major James Francis Thomas As Defending Officer for Lieutenants Breaker Morant, Pe
An Infantry Officer In Court – A Review of Major James Francis Thomas as Defending Officer for Lieutenants Breaker Morant, Peter Handcock and George Witton – Boer War Commander James Unkles, RANR Introduction Four men from Australia who joined the Boer war were to be connected by destiny in events that still intrigue historians to this day. Harry ‘Breaker’ Morant, Peter Handcock, George Ramsdale Witton and James Francis Thomas were to meet in circumstances that saw Morant and Handcock executed and Witton sentenced to life imprisonment following military Courts Martial in 1902. This article attempts to review the experiences of Major Thomas, a mounted infantry officer from Tenterfield who joined British Forces as a volunteer and ended up defending six officers, including Breaker Morant on charges of shooting Boer prisoners History of the Boer Wars 1880 - 1902 The Boer War commenced on 11 October 1899, and was fought in three distinct phases. During the first phase the Boers were in the ascendancy. In their initial offensive moves, 20,000 Boers swept into British Natal and encircled the strategic rail junction at Ladysmith. In the following weeks, Boer troops besieged the townships of Mafeking and Kimberley. Phase 1 reached its climax in what has become known as ‘Black Week’ – 10 to15 December 1899. In this one week, three British armies, each seeking to relieve the besieged townships, suffered massive and humiliating defeats in the battles of Stormberg, Magersfontein and Colenso. These defeats shook the British Empire. In response, Britain despatched two regular divisions and replaced the ill-starred General Sir Redvers Buller, with the Empire’s most eminent soldier, Field Marshall Lord Roberts VC, as its commander in South Africa. -
The Scottish Highlanders and the Land Laws: John Stuart Blackie
The Scottish Highlanders and the Land Laws: An Historico-Economical Enquiry by John Stuart Blackie, F.R.S.E. Emeritus Professor of Greek in the University of Edinburgh London: Chapman and Hall Limited 1885 CHAPTER I. The Scottish Highlanders. “The Highlands of Scotland,” said that grand specimen of the Celto-Scandinavian race, the late Dr. Norman Macleod, “ like many greater things in the world, may be said to be well known, and yet unknown.”1 The Highlands indeed is a peculiar country, and the Highlanders, like the ancient Jews, a peculiar people; and like the Jews also in certain quarters a despised people, though we owe our religion to the Hebrews, and not the least part of our national glory arid European prestige to the Celts of the Scottish Highlands. This ignorance and misprision arose from several causes; primarily, and at first principally, from the remoteness of the situation in days when distances were not counted by steam, and when the country, now perhaps the most accessible of any mountainous district in Europe, was, like most parts of modern Greece, traversed only by rough pony-paths over the protruding bare bones of the mountain. In Dr. Johnson’s day, to have penetrated the Argyllshire Highlands as far west as the sacred settlement of St. Columba was accounted a notable adventure scarcely less worthy of record than the perilous passage of our great Scottish traveller Bruce from the Red Sea through the great Nubian Desert to the Nile; and the account of his visit to those unknown regions remains to this day a monument of his sturdy Saxon energy, likely to be read with increasing interest by a great army of summer perambulators long after his famous dictionary shall have been forgotten, or relegated as a curiosity to the back shelves of a philological library. -
Useful Knowledge 35 Spring 2014
The Magazine of the Mechanics’ Institutes Of Victoria Inc. UsefulNo. Knowledge35 – Spring 2014 PO Box 1080, Windsor VIC 3181 Australia ISSN 1835-5242 Reg No. A0038156G ABN 60 337 355 989 Price: Five Dollars $5 "LEST WE FORGET" There would hardly be a Hall in Victoria or its Some of those who returned formed Soldier adjoining Reserve, or a nearby cenotaph that Settlements, or laboured at community projects, the words ‘Lest we Forget’ are not recorded. like the Great Ocean Road. The phrase is from Rudyard Kipling’s The A hundred years on this is an opportunity for Recessional penned for Queen Victoria’s your Hall, your community to… ‘remember them’. Diamond Jubilee in 1897. This Anzac Day why ‘Lest we forget – Lest we not also remember ‘the forget’ is repeated after going down of the sun’ an entreaty that we will with a lowering of the first four verses as on far off battlefields of Jesus Christ. kick on to a ‘welcome notThose forget threethe sacrifice iconic home’the flag. dance It couldto all localthen words ‘Lest we forget’ service personnel. A are often added at the conclusion of Laurence of Will Longstaff’s Menin Gate at midnight by Will Longstaff Binyon’s famousreflection painting at midnight ‘Menin For the Fallen. Photo from: Collection Database of the Australian ‘They shall not grow old, Gate at Midnight’ when War Memorial under the ID Number: ART09807 as we that are left grow those ghostly legions old/ Age shall not weary them, nor the years condemn./ At the going of white crosses or any resting place, with the down of the sun and in the morning,/ We will sounding of The Reveillerise and aagain Roll Call from of district fields remember them. -
P. ) AV Gereaw (M.) Hitherto Unpublished. Critically Ed. From
SIU KING YUAN. See YUAN (S.K.) SIUD. See SULACA, Patriarch Elect of the Nestorians. SIUNECI (ARAKcEL) Bp. See ARAKcEL SIUNECI, Bp. SIURMEEAN (ARTAVAZD) Abp. See SURMEYAN (ARDAVAZT) Abp. SIURMELEAN (KOATUR). - -- See AVETIKcEAN (G.), S. (K.) and AUCIILR {P. ) AV GEREAw (M.) SIVA, Son of Sukla Visrama. See SIVARAMA, Son of Sukla Visrama. SIVA CANDRA GUI. See GUI. SIVA NANDAN SAHAY. - -- Life of Harish Chandra. By Balm Shio Nandan Sahai. [Hindi.] [Patna] 1905. Br.12.1. SIVA- PARINAYAH. See under KRISHNA RAJANAKA. SIVADATTA MISRA. - -- The Sivakosa of S.M. [Sansk.] Critically ed. by R.G. Harshe. [Sources of Indo -Aryan Lexicography, 7.] Poona, 1952. .49123 Siv. - -- S.'s Saptapadartht; a manual of the Vaisesika system. With Madhava's Mitabhasint, Sesananta's Padarthacandrika & Balabhaadra's Sandarbha, hitherto unpublished. Critically ed. from original manuscripts with extracts from Jinavardhana's commentary ... Text & Mitabhasint ed.by A.M. Bhattacharya, Padarthacandrika and Balabhadrasandarbha ed. by N.C.B. Bhattacharya. [Calcutta Sanskrit Ser. No. 8.] Calcutta, 1934. .6912+.1-4143 giv. * ** Berriedale Keith Collection. [Continued overleaf.] ADDITIONS SIU (BOBBY). - -- Women of China; imperialism and women's resistance, 1900 -1949. Lond., 1982. .3961(5103 -04) Siu. SIVACHEV (NIKOLAY V.). - -- and YAKOVLEV (NIKOLAY N.). - -- Russia and the United States. Tr. by O.A. Titelbaum. [The U.S. in the World: Foreign Perspectives.] Chicago, 1980. .327(73 :47) Siv. gIVADITYA MARA [continued]. - -- Saptapadartht. Ed. with introd., translation and notes by D. Gurumurti. With a foreword by Sir S. Radhakrishnan. [Devanagari and Eng.] Madras, 1932. .8712:.18143 LN: 1 S / /,/t *** Berriedale Keith Collection. 8q12: SIVADJIAN (J.). - -- Les fièvres et les médicaments antithermiques. -
The Influence of the Friendly Society Movement in Victoria 1835–1920
The Influence of the Friendly Society Movement in Victoria 1835–1920 Roland S. Wettenhall Post Grad. Dip. Arts A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 24 June 2019 Faculty of Arts School of Historical and Philosophical Studies The University of Melbourne ABSTRACT Entrepreneurial individuals who migrated seeking adventure, wealth and opportunity initially stimulated friendly societies in Victoria. As seen through the development of friendly societies in Victoria, this thesis examines the migration of an English nineteenth-century culture of self-help. Friendly societies may be described as mutually operated, community-based, benefit societies that encouraged financial prudence and social conviviality within the umbrella of recognised institutions that lent social respectability to their members. The benefits initially obtained were sickness benefit payments, funeral benefits and ultimately medical benefits – all at a time when no State social security systems existed. Contemporaneously, they were social institutions wherein members attended regular meetings for social interaction and the friendship of like-minded individuals. Members were highly visible in community activities from the smallest bush community picnics to attendances at Royal visits. Membership provided a social caché and well as financial peace of mind, both important features of nineteenth-century Victorian society. This is the first scholarly work on the friendly society movement in Victoria, a significant location for the establishment of such societies in Australia. The thesis reveals for the first time that members came from all strata of occupations, from labourers to High Court Judges – a finding that challenges conventional wisdom about the class composition of friendly societies. -
History and Many Ofmedicineare Bustsofdistinguishedfigures Aconstant Inthehistory Itsstainedglasswindows the Pre-Clinical Medicalschooloftheuniversity Ofsydney
J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2006; 36:355–361 PAPER © 2006 Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh Edinburgh and its role in the foundation of Sydney Medical School J Walker Smith Emeritus Professor of Paediatric Gastroenterology,Wellcome Trust Centre for History of Medicine at University College London, London, England ABSTRACT In 1882, Thomas Anderson Stuart (1856–1920) was appointed as Published online November 2006 Foundation Professor of Physiology and Anatomy at the University of Sydney. At the time he was Assistant-Professor of Physiology in the University of Edinburgh. He Correspondence to J Walker-Smith, initiated the building of the Sydney Medical School in Scottish Tudor Gothic style. He Emeritus Professor of Paediatric attracted notable figures to Sydney Medical School, such as Dr Robert Scot Skirving. Gastroenterology, The Wellcome Trust Centre for History of Medicine at UCL, 210 Euston Road, London The original medical school (now the Anderson Stuart Building) continues today as NW1 2BE the pre-clinical medical school of the University of Sydney. Its stained glass windows and many busts of distinguished figures in the history of medicine are a constant tel. +44 (0)208 505 7756 reminder of the history of medicine. The building with its gothic architecture and echoes of northern Britain has given generations of Sydney medical students a fax. +44 (0)208 505 4643 powerful message, that they were part of an ancient and noble profession. e-mail The recruitment of Edinburgh academics to Sydney ended with Professor CG [email protected] Lambie who retired in 1956. The 1950s were a watershed between the Edinburgh heritage and the Australian future. -
AUSTRALIAN VETERAN NEWS Article D2.Indd
War crimes and the sanctity of the rule of law: The trial of Lieutenants Morant, Handcock and Witton By James Unkles “It does no good to act without the fullest inquiry and strictly on legal lines. A hasty judgment creates a martyr and unless military law is strictly followed, a sense of injustice having been done is the result” [i] “They were treated monstrously. Certainly by today’s standards they were not given any of the human rights that international treaties require men facing the death penalty be given. But even by the standards of 1902 they were treated improperly, unlawfully’. [ii] Australians have genuine regard and respect for their defence forces and such allegations are confronting. However, an equal injustice and affront to Australia’s values enshrined in our democratic institutions and judicial independence is an abrogation of due legal process for political and other agendas. Leo D’Angelo Fisher’s insightful article on alleged ADF war crimes and its refl ection on the failure of leadership in the ADF presents [iii] an opportunity to balance the assessment of allegations war crimes with the signifi cance of the preservation and promotion of the rule of rule in ensuring those accused are given the presumption of innocence, proof beyond reasonable doubt and treated in accordance with common and statutory law. Nothing less is unacceptable in a civilised society. Leo D’Angelo Fisher rightly draws comment on the trial of Lieutenants Harry Breaker Morant, Peter Hancock and George Witton, three Australian volunteers arrested, trial and sentence for alleged war crimes during the Anglo Boer War of 1902. -
Critical Methodology and Breaker Morant
The African e-Journals Project has digitized full text of articles of eleven social science and humanities journals. This item is from the digital archive maintained by Michigan State University Library. Find more at: http://digital.lib.msu.edu/projects/africanjournals/ Available through a partnership with Scroll down to read the article. Closing the Debate: Critical Methodology and Breaker Morant RICHARD HAINES This essay is an attempt to close a debate conducted in Vol 2 No 3, 1982, of CH.-Ltic.CLl kuti regarding the film B/teafee* Moiant. The issue contained criticisms by Peter Strauss and MM Carlin, of articles by Susan Gardner and Michael Vaughan in a Cnltlc.a.1 Ktiti monograph on the film, and the responses of Gardner and Vaughan to these critics. A subsequent letter by Carlin, appear- ing in this issue, restates his position and replies to Gardner and Vaughan's dismissal of his argument. Though Carlin and Strauss see themselves occupying conservative and left-wing positions respectively, both consider Gardner's analysis of the film, and Vaughan's discussion of Kit Denton's book The Bizakti, as exercises in sociological overkill and moral pedantry. They also feel that the film was more question- ing of imperialism than Gardner and Vaughan allow. For Strauss, George Witton plays a 'pivotal role' in the film, his disillusionment with British imperialism reflecting "the viewer's own supposed progress to a greater understanding of the brutal reality of imperialism"2. And, as Susan Gardner remarks, Strauss is right to insist that Witton be accorded more attention. Yet Witton's bewilderment at the arbitrariness of the British im- perial army and his disenchantment with 'Empire' (a more distant concept for him than the army) don't seem to me to vividly specify a sense of "the brutal reality of imperialism". -
Australia's South African War 1899-19021
http://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za Australia's South African war 1899-19021 DR CRAIG WILCOX Australian War Memorial historian o/the Anglo-Boer War, Sydney, Australia Around twenty thousand Australians fought in the great war between the British empire and the republics of the Orange Free State and the Transvaal. Those Australians constituted five in every thousand of their people, or three in every two hundred of their male workers. In South Africa they made up just one in every twenty-five soldiers in a British army of almost half a million.2 As these bald figures immediately suggest, Australia's contribution to the war was too small to be decisive, and its experience of the war involved too few of its people to make a powerful impact on its society, let alone wrench its history onto some different course. Still, that contribution and that experience were unprecedented for a people who had never before gone to war as a people, and deserve more attention - and more balanced, dispassionate, critical attention - than they've yet received from historians of the war, of Australia, and of the British empire.3 In this lecture I'll strive for such balance by outlining why and how Australians went to war in South Africa, what their soldiers did there, and the war's legacy for their country and their descendants today. This lecture, presented at the South African Military Academy on 28 September 1999, rests on research toward a new history of Australians and the South African war commissioned by the Australian War Memorial in Canberra and due for publication in May 2002.