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A Comparative Study on Total Factors Productivity Performance of Cellular Firms in Pakistan
A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON TOTAL FACTORS PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE OF CELLULAR FIRMS IN PAKISTAN Shumaila Hashim1 and Khair-Uz-Zaman2 1Department of Business Administration and 2Department of Economics, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, KPK, Pakistan ABSTRACT This study empirically measures the total factors productivity (TFP) of three cellular firms i.e. Paktel, Pakcom and Mobilink operating in Pakistan. For the purpose of analysis, time series data (2000q1-2006q2) has been taken. For all three firms TFP is taken as dependent variable while output, teledensity, geographical areas covered and competition were taken as independent variables. By using the multiple regression models in log-linear form we obtained the positive and significant impact of all variables in all cases except competition that showed its impact negative in case of Paktel and Pakcom and geographical area that was insignificant in case of Mobilink. _________________________________________________________________ entrance of multinational cellular firms INTRODUCTION since 1990 till 2007 served as stepping Advancement in infrastructure especially stones in the growth of Pakistan in telecommunication sector is very telecommunication sector. important for any economy. At the time of independence Pakistan telecommu- Main purpose of this study is to measure nication sector was not well developed. the total factors productivity (TFP) of Telecommunication sector reforms were three pioneer multinational cellular firms started in 1962 and with the passage of working in Pakistan i.e Paktel, Pakcom time key telecom institutional bodies (Instaphone) and Mobilink. Since their like Pakistan Telecommunication inception of operation in Pakistan they Authority (PTA), National Telecommu- have seen many ups and downs. This nication Corporation (NTC) and study tries to examine the impact of Frequency Allocation Board (FAB) were those variables that are responsible for established. -
3G Mobile Spectrum – Issues & Prospects
SBP Research Bulletin Volume 8, Number 1, 2012 3G Mobile Spectrum – Issues & Prospects Sabina Khurram Jafri* Pakistan’s mobile sector has seen enormous growth after the telecom deregulation in 2004 – cellular revenues reached Rs 262.8 billion in FY11 compared to the level of mere Rs 19.8 billion in FY03, whereas cell phone density rose to 65 percent in FY11 compared to 1.6 percent in 2003. However, the intense competition among the five cell companies – Mobilink, Telenor, Ufone, Warid and Zong has not only resulted in a steep fall in cell tariffs, but has also led to a sharp and consistent fall in overall cellular revenue growth. Importantly, the Average Revenue per User (ARPU) in Pakistan is one of the lowest in the region. Lower cell tariffs though augur well for consumer welfare; the consistent decline in revenue growth is a sign of stagnation in the cell phone market and reflects badly for overall contribution of this sector in economic growth.1 The reversal of this trend needs introduction of value added services, as promised by 3G mobile technology. This technology has the potential of not only boosting cellular companies’ business but also contributing to national exchequer in the form of license fees and increased corporate income and sale taxes. In this context, this note investigates the case for introducing 3G technology in Pakistan and suggests some measures that can improve the outcome of the auction of 3G licenses. What is 3rd Generation Mobile Technology? 3G mobile telecommunication is a generation of standards for mobile phones fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications specifications by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).2 The development of mobile technologies can be divided into several generations, each with improved air and network interface standards, enabling better performance. -
Corporate Ideologies: a Linguistic and Semiotic Analysis of Manifestos and Logos of Cellular Networks in Pakistan
CORPORATE IDEOLOGIES: A LINGUISTIC AND SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF MANIFESTOS AND LOGOS OF CELLULAR NETWORKS IN PAKISTAN By IFFAT SARDAR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MODERN LANGUAGES ISLAMABAD April 2018 Corporate Ideologies: A Linguistic and Semiotic Analysis of Manifestos and Logos of Cellular Networks in Pakistan By IFFAT SARDAR M. A., Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi, 2009 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY In English (Linguistics) To FACULTY OF LANGUAGES National University of Modern Languages, Islamabad © Iffat Sardar, 2018 iii THESIS AND DEFENSE APPROVAL FORM The undersigned certify that they have read the following thesis, examined the defense, are satisfied with the overall exam performance, and recommend the thesis to the Faculty of Languages for acceptance: Thesis Title: Corporate Ideologies: A Linguistic and Semiotic Analysis of Manifestos and Logos of Cellular Networks in Pakistan Submitted By: Iffat Sardar Registration #: 1061- MPhil/ Eng/ F15 Master of Philosophy Degree name in full English Linguistics Name of Discipline Dr. Ansa Hameed __________________________ Name of Research Supervisor Signature of Research Supervisor Prof. Dr. Muhammad Safeer Awan __________________________ Name of Dean Signature of Dean Brig. Muhammad Ibrahim __________________________ Name of Director General Signature of Director General ___________________________ Date iv AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I Iffat Sardar Daughter of Allah Ditta Registration # 1061- MPhil/ Eng/ F15 Discipline English Linguistics Candidate of Master of Philosophy at the National University of Modern Languages do hereby declare that the thesis Corporate Ideologies: A Linguistic and Semiotic Analysis of Manifestos and Logos of Cellular Networks in Pakistan submitted by me in partial fulfillment of MPhil degree, is my original work, and has not been submitted or published earlier. -
Best Practices in License Renewal
Best Practices in License Renewal Muhammad Aslam Hayat Vice President, Telenor Pakistan IMPORTANCE OF RENEWAL An early, fair, transparent High fees might and impact financial participatory stability of renewal operators and process and reduce resultant possibility of renewal on Uncertainty further A balanced and reasonable about license investment. It pro-investment terms would: renewal is a would also decision on - promote main constitute a renewal will Predictability investors’ consideration barrier to fair have a positive Mobile and confidence for mobile competition if impact on communication transparency in - act as an companies in different international is a long term business incentive for their licensees have and domestic business environment is long term investment different investors must for investment decisions renewal dates business Previous discussion at SATRC SATRC-11/INP-18, 24 – 26 November 2009, Colombo, Sri Lanka Limited Knowledgebase Renewal Methods Administrative process: Re-auction of spectrum: Parties sit and negotiate terms and condition License/spectrum is auctioned allowing of renewal. In most cases government takes external bidders to also bid and highest bid front seat instead of Regulator. becomes benchmark for renewal. Existing Pros: operators are given first right of refusal. It reduces the risk of involvement of any third Pros: party and negotiations take place with existing This process is comparatively transparent and licensees only. Existing operators have a chance would determine true value of spectrum/license. to actively participate in process and convince Cons: government/regulator for reasonable terms External bidders can influence decision of Cons: Government and chances of a crazy bid by an This process is inherently non-transparent, ambitious bidder cannot be ruled out. -
Communication Sector Study
Communication Sector Study ©The Pakistan Credit RatingAgency Limited May 2021 TableOMC | Global Market of Contents Contents Page No. Contents Page No. Overview 1 Business Risk | Investment 15 Global Industry | Overview 2 Financial Risk 16 Global Industry | Market Trends 4 Rating Curve 17 Services | Overview 5 Regulatory Mechanisms 18 Industry | Snap Shot 6 SWOT analysis 19 Local Industry | Contribution to 7 Impact After Covid 19 20 National Exchequer Outlook 21 Local Industry | Supply 8 Bibliography 22 Local Industry | Demand 10 Business Risk |Revenue 12 Business Risk | Average Revenue per 13 User Business Risk 14 Communication Overview • Definition: The communication sector is made up of companies that make communication possible on a global scale, whether it is Internet through the phone or the Internet, through airwaves or cables, Service through wires or wirelessly. These companies created the Providers infrastructure that allows data in words, voice, audio, or video to Cable Wireless be sent anywhere in the world. System Carriers Operators • Not long ago, the communications sector consisted of a club of big national and regional operators. Since the early 2000s, the industry has been swept up in rapid deregulation and innovation. In many countries around the world, government monopolies are now Composition of privatized and they face a plethora of new competitors. Satellite the Sector Telephone Operators companies • Communication plays an important part in daily lives of people todays. It is an essential component of every walk of live ranging from education, business to entertainment. The sector has witnessed many innovations and improvement over the periods Suppliers Software Telecommu and increased competition further fueling the innovation. -
Development Informatics Working Paper No.40: Analysing the Mobile
Development Informatics Working Paper Series The Development Informatics working paper series discusses the broad issues surrounding information, knowledge, information systems, and information and communication technologies in the process of socio-economic development Paper No. 40 Analysing the Mobile Telecommunications Market in a Developing Country: A Socio- Technical Perspective on Pakistan PING GAO & ADNAN RAFIQ 2009 ISBN: 978-1-905469-08-6 Published Centre for Development Informatics by: Institute for Development Policy and Management, SED University of Manchester, Arthur Lewis Building, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK Tel: +44-161-275-2800/2804 Email: [email protected] Web: http://www.manchester.ac.uk/cdi View/Download from: http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/idpm/research/publications/wp/di/index.htm Educators' Guide from: http://www.sed.manchester.ac.uk/idpm/research/publications/wp/di/educdi.htm Table of Contents Introduction............................................................................................................2 A. FRAMEWORK FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS MARKET ANALYSIS ................................5 A1. Government Institutions..................................................................................5 A2. Network and Service Providers.......................................................................6 A3. Users................................................................................................................6 A4. Technology – Standards And Services ...........................................................7 -
Telenor Pakistan Pakistan – a Great Opportunity for Telenor
Telenor Pakistan Tore Johnsen, CEO Full-scale industrialisation 1 1 Pakistan – A great opportunity for Telenor z Population: 154 million z Population per sq KM: 193 z Population in urban areas: 38.8% z GDP per head: 2,210 (US$ PPP) z Real GDP growth 2004: 6.3% z Fixed line penetration (2003): 2.7% Sources: EIU (Economist Intelligence Unit) ITU (International Telecom Unit) 2 The regulatory and political framework z Telecom authorities promote transparency and a level playing field z Telecom policies well developed, implementation the key z Telenor to focus on strict business ethics and code of conduct 3 Deploying the Mobile Way from day one Building a greenfield z Critical success factors Regulatory Sales and issues and Site acq. and marketing strategies – Time to market roll-out plans plans Operation – Efficient operation Legal and and Business Network tax issues maintenance plans and – Standardised solutions infrastructure financing – Quality Long Company Competitive distance and Quality strategy and situation international Customer assurance branding licence Business IT and billing scoping, solutions PR and Distribution work flow commun- strategy and analysis ication contracts Organisation Office facility and management recruitment Procurement 4 Network rollout 11 months from licence award to launch Business strategy Licence and vendor Site acquisition awarded selection in place Network design Launch Build Organisation Network Rollout (180 days) April 14th May June September 15th March 2004 2004 2004 2004 2005 •Launch Islamabad, Karachi, -
Telecommunication Sector in Pakistan
CASE STUDY ON TELECOMMUNICATION Draft Report Paper prepared by Asian Institute of Trade and Development, Pakistan for the project “Linkages between Trade, Development and Poverty Reduction” implemented by CUTS International 1 Table of Contents: 1. Structure of Telecommunication Sector .....................................................................3 1.1 Evolution of the Industry:.......................................................................................3 1.2 Key Institutional bodies: ........................................................................................4 1.3 Pakistan Telecommunication Company Ltd (PTCL) ..............................................6 1.4 National Telecommunication Corporation..............................................................6 1.5 Telecard.................................................................................................................6 1.6 Worldcall...............................................................................................................7 1.7 Long distance, International gateway (LDI) ...........................................................7 2. Privatization of PTCL................................................................................................8 3. Growth in mobile phone.............................................................................................9 4. Evolution of investment liberalization......................................................................10 5. Evolution of Technology..........................................................................................11 -
Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Management
Blekinge Institute of Technology School of Management Master Thesis of MSc. Business Administration “The IMPACT OF PRIVATIZATION” “Managing the Process of Privatization and its impacts on Performance and Development: A case Study of Pakistan Telecommunication Limited” Supervisor Dr. Stefan Hellmer Authors Muhammad Anwar Jamal Shah Haroon Ur Rashid Hussain Ullah Sheraz Ahmed June 2009 i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The profound thanks goes to ALLAH Almighty, most gracious, most Merciful, whom alone we worship and ask for help. We are indebted to many here at BTH who contributed (directly or indirectly) in preparation of our Master Dissertation. First of all we are highly acknowledged to Mr. Anders Nillson whose lectures regarding Research Studies have added new dimension to our knowledge. We would like our deep gratitude to our supervisor Dr. Stefan Hellmer whose co-operation and dictations about the deficiencies in our dissertation have made us capable of timely completion of our working. Our appreciation also goes to Mr. Benno Engstrom (Projektledare BTH) whose fruitful discussion and provided materials has contributed a lot to our dissertation. Lastly we would like to pay our homage to our friends here at BTH whose support and co- operation makes us capable of presenting our Dissertation. Muhammad Anwar Jamal Shah Haroon Ur Rashid Hussain Ullah Sheraz Ahmed ii ABSTRACT Title: “THE IMPACT OF PRIVATIZATION” “Managing the Process of Privatization and its impacts on Performance and Development: A case Study of Pakistan Telecommunication Limited” Authors: Muhammad Anwar Jamal Shah, Haroon Ur Rashid Hussain Ullah, Sheraz Ahmed Supervisor: Dr. Stefan Hellmer Objective: The purpose of the thesis is to evaluate the impacts of privatization on Growth, profitability and employment of Pakistan Telecommunication Limited, So that the organization may be able to get the fruitful impacts of this globally recognized phenomenon. -
SAMENA TRENDS Bocar A
December, Volume 11, 2020 A SAMENA Telecommunications Council Publication www.samenacouncil.org S AMENA TRENDS FOR SAMENA TELECOMMUNICATIONS COUNCIL'S MEMBERS BUILDING DIGITAL ECONOMIES Featured Eng. Salman Bin Abdulaziz Al Badran CEO Mobily THIS MONTH THE AIM FOR DIGITAL SUSTAINABILITY DECEMBER, VOLUME 11, 2020 Contributing Editors Knowledge Contributions Subscriptions Izhar Ahmad China Mobile International [email protected] SAMENA Javaid Akhtar Malik Tech Mahindra Advertising TRENDS Publisher [email protected] SAMENA Telecommunications Editor-in-Chief Council SAMENA TRENDS Bocar A. BA [email protected] Tel: +971.4.364.2700 CONTENTS 04 EDITORIAL FEATURED 06 10 REGIONAL & MEMBERS UPDATES Members News Regional News 48 SATELLITE UPDATES Satellite News 58 WHOLESALE UPDATES Wholesale News Mobily Speaks to SAMENA Council 61 TECHNOLOGY UPDATES SAMENA COUNCIL ACTIVITY The SAMENA TRENDS eMagazine is wholly Technology News owned and operated by The SAMENA 09 Telecommunications Council (SAMENA 68 REGULATORY & POLICY UPDATES Council). Information in the eMagazine is Regulatory News not intended as professional services advice, and SAMENA Council disclaims any liability A Snapshot of Regulatory for use of specific information or results Activities in the SAMENA Region thereof. Articles and information contained in this publication are the copyright of Regulatory Activities SAMENA Telecommunications Council, Beyond the SAMENA Region (unless otherwise noted, described or stated) SAMENA Council Hails and cannot be reproduced, -
Transport and Communications
Chapter 13 Transport and Communications Transport has an indispensable role in economic activity. Without physical access to resources and markets, economic growth and development would not be possible. An effective transport system is, therefore, a fundamental element in enabling sustainable economic development as it helps in promoting the use of natural resources, mobility of labor force and increasing agricultural and industrial production. Transport is also essential for providing access to supply chains and basic public services such as health and education. Removal of physical and non-physical barriers to effective transportation, therefore, has a direct impact on economic and social development of a country. Besides its role in economic development, modern and effective transport infrastructure and services, enabling smooth flow of goods and services within and across international borders, is key for strengthening regional economic cooperation and integration. Pakistan is at a unique geo-strategic location, offering both opportunities and challenges. The opportunities can only be realized by exploring and developing the critical land, coastal and air routes that this location offers. Pakistan can serve as the most effective, economical and viable transit route to the land locked Central Asia and other neighboring countries. China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), with its roads and railways network, will integrate Pakistan with all regional countries and generate much needed economic activity. The Corridor will be a strategic game changer and would go a long way in strengthening our economy. Modes of Transportation Users of the transport network have a wider range of modes to choose from, however, most common and extensively used at present would be highlighted below: Air Linkage Performance of the Pakistan International Airlines Corporation (PIAC) Table 13.1: PIAC Performance Indicators Units 2017 2018 2019 2020 PIAC Fleet No. -
Telecommunications Policy in Pakistan
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Calhoun, Institutional Archive of the Naval Postgraduate School Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Faculty and Researcher Publications Faculty and Researcher Publications 1998 Telecommunications Policy in Pakistan Looney, R.E. Looney, R.E., "Telecommunications Policy in Pakistan," Telematics and Informaticsl 15, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/40666 TELEMATICS and INFORMATICS PERGAMON Telematics and Informatics 15 (1998) 11-33 Telecommunications policy in Pakistan Robert E. Looney* Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California 93943, USA Abstract The telecommunications in Pakistan is currently going through a period of transition as technological advances and liberalization of the industry move the industry into position to compete in an increasingly competitive world and regional environment. This paper surveys these developments with emphasis on the policies initiated by the government in recent years. In particular, attention is given to identifying the main patterns of growth in the tele communications sector, and in assessing the manner in which these patterns have been affec ted by government policy. This paper concludes with speculation as to the impact current and future technological advances will have on the sector, with an appraisal made of the likely direction of future public policy. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Traditionally, telecommunications had been regarded as a relatively straightfor ward public utility. Economies of scale, political and military sensitivities, and large externalities made this typical public service believe itself to be a natural monopoly. In Pakistan, as in most developing countries, telecommunications services were run by a government agency, Pakistan Telephone Corporation (PTC).