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Lantz Et Al. 2007 Three new species of Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) from Madagascar Henrik LANTZ Department of Phanerogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-104 05 Stockholm (Sweden) and Department of Systematic Botany, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala (Sweden) [email protected] Jens KLACKENBERG Department of Phanerogamic Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History, SE-104 05 Stockholm (Sweden) [email protected] Sylvain RAZAFIMANDIMBISON The Bergius Foundation at the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, SE-104 05 Stockholm (Sweden), and Department of Botany, Bergius Foundation, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm (Sweden) sylvain.razafi [email protected] Arnaud MOULY Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Évolution, Herbier national, UMS 2700 CNRS, USM 0602, case postale 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Lantz H., Klackenberg J., Razafi mandimbison S. & Mouly A. 2007. — Three new species of Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) from Madagascar. Adansonia, sér. 3, 29 (1) : 129-136. ABSTRACT Th ree new species of the tribe Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) from Madagascar are KEY WORDS Rubiaceae, described with illustrations. Two species are placed in Pyrostria, one in Peponi- Vanguerieae, dium. Peponidium crassifolium is recognized by its thick and slightly succulent Peponidium, leaves, Pyrostria pendula by the pendulous fl owers and persistent pedicels, and Pyrostria, Madagascar, Pyrostria serpentina by a serpentine habit and small leaves. Th e morphology and new species. taxonomic history of the dioecious genera of the tribe are discussed. ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2007 • 29 (1) © Publications Scientifi ques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.adansonia.com 129 Lantz H. et al. RÉSUMÉ Trois nouvelles espèces de Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) de Madagascar. Trois nouvelles espèces de la tribu des Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) de Madagascar sont décrites et illustrées. Deux espèces sont placées dans le genre Pyrostria et une troisième est attribuée à Peponidium. Peponidium crassifolium se distingue MOTS CLÉS Rubiaceae, des autres espèces du genre par ses feuilles épaisses et légèrement succulentes, Vanguerieae, Pyrostria pendula se caractérise par ses fl eurs pendantes et ses pédicelles persis- Peponidium, tants, et Pyrostria serpentina se diff érencie dans le genre par son port sinueux et Pyrostria, Madagascar, ses petites feuilles. La morphologie et l’histoire taxinomique des genres dioïques espèces nouvelles. de la tribu sont discutées. INTRODUCTION of axillary infl orescences paired at the nodes, valvate aestivation, and a unique type of pollen presenter Vanguerieae is a tribe of around 600 species notori- (Igersheim 1993) on the apex of the style makes ous for its diffi cult generic circumscriptions (e.g., the tribe easy to recognize. Th e majority of the Bridson 1992). Th is situation was in part recently species found in Madagascar are members of the improved by the presentation of a new classifi cation “dioecious group” (Lantz & Bremer 2004), an in- of the large genera Canthium Lam. and Vangueria formal name for a monophyletic clade of species, Juss. based on combined molecular-morphological in which most taxa are dioecious. Th e dioecious and combined molecular studies (Lantz & Bremer species are heteromorphic with a variation in the 2004, 2005, respectively). Nevertheless, several number of fl owers per infl orescence and number of genera remain little studied and in particular some corolla lobes. Th e most common situation is that geographic regions need to be investigated further. male individuals have fasciculate infl orescences Vanguerieae is distributed in sub-Saharan Africa, with comparably more fl owers (> 2) and in some southern parts of Asia, Australia and Oceania, with cases fewer corolla lobes (4 or 5). Female individu- the least amount of studies done in Central and West als have fl owers solitary or in pairs and sometimes Africa, South East Asia (including Indonesia), and more numerous corolla lobes (up to 8). However, Madagascar. In this study we describe three species we see some disagreement with this in the species from Madagascar, a country in which the fl ora of described here, and it must be concluded that the Vanguerieae is especially rich, but where many spe- sex dependent variation in Vanguerieae is still in- cies still have not been described. Around 90 spe- suffi ciently studied. cies of Vanguerieae from Madagascar are currently A total of eight generic names have been suggested accepted, but based on our own observations it is for the species in the dioecious group: Canthium likely that at least 30 more need to be described. (represented by the African Canthium subgenus Th is rather extreme situation is probably a result Bullockia Bridson, 1987), the African Dinocan- of the earlier vague generic concepts that has made thium Bremek. (Bremekamp 1933), the Malagasy it diffi cult to determine specimens, and also the Leroya Cavaco (1970), Neoleroya Cavaco (1971), very real possibility that many of these species are and Pseudopeponidium Arènes (1960), the Malagasy quite rare. Th e tribe is represented in all areas of and Comorian Peponidium Arènes (1960), the Af- Madagascar, in dry or humid climates and from rican and Malagasy Pyrostria Comm. ex Juss. (sensu sea level to the highest altitudes. Bridson 1987), and Scyphochlamys Balf.f. from the Although the genera in Vanguerieae often are Mascarene island Rodriguez (Verdcourt 1983). In hard to recognize, the tribe is not. A combination a study focusing on the African species (Bridson 130 ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2007 • 29 (1) New Vanguerieae (Rubiaceae) from Madagascar 1987), Dinocanthium and Pseudopeponidium were 1720 m, 26.V.2000, fr., Gautier & Rakotomamonjy 3677 included in Pyrostria due to an almost complete (G, P). — Antsatrotro, à l’Est d’Ankaramibe, 14°05’S, 48°24’E, 679-1876 m, 15.I.1994, fl ., Rakotomalala overlap of diagnostic characters. Schatz (2001) & Narison 187 (MO, P). — Crête bordant la cuvette accepted only two of the genera, Canthium and d’Antsahakolona, 14°03.266’S, 48°24.488’E, 1731 m, Pyrostria, and listed Leroya, Neoleroya, Peponidium, 25.XI.2000, fr., Wohlauser et al. 389 (G, P). — An- and Pseudopeponidium as synonyms of Pyrostria. dapa District, Réserve naturelle intégrale de Marojejy, He, however, made no mention of Dinocanthium 10.5 km NW of Manantenina, along tributary at head or Scyphochlamys and probably based his suggestions of Andranomifototra River, Campement 4, 14°26’24”S, 49°44’30”E, 1625 m, 4-13.XI.1996, fl ., fr., Rakotomalaza solely on the Malagasy material. Th e most recent et al. 892 (MO, P). classifi cation (Razafi mandimbison et al. unpubl. data) places all dioecious species of Vanguerieae DESCRIPTION from Madagascar in Peponidium, Pyrostria, or in a Shrub, 1.5-4 m tall, rarely tree. Branches stout, third new genus which in part corresponds to the compressed when young becoming terete, with African Canthium subgenus Bullockia (Bridson thick nodes giving older branches a knobbly ap- 1987). Th is is the classifi cation we follow here. pearance, glabrous. Leaves opposite, persistent In our own collections and in some kindly pro- up to six nodes, glabrous; petiole 5-12 mm long; vided by fellow researchers, a large number of the blade obovate, 30-70 × 15-40 mm, cuneate at base Malagasy Vanguerieae specimens not identifi able to and decurrent, blunt at apex, thick and slightly species have been found. Based on the completeness succulent; venation pinnate, arched, best visible of the material available to us and/or morphological on upper surface; mid-rib distinct, ± even with distinctiveness we have chosen three of these to be leaf surface on lower side, distinctly raised on up- described. One is collected in the arid regions of per surface when dry; lateral nerves not visible or Toliara in the south west and two are so far only with 3 or 4 faintly visible pairs; tertiary nerves not known from localities of high elevation in the visible; domatia absent; stipules broadly obovate Marojejy and Manongarivo mountain ranges in to triangular, 6 × 5 mm, blunt at apex, glabrous northeastern Madagascar. on both sides, early caducous. Infl orescences axil- lary, sessile, fasciculate, 5-10-fl owered; peduncular bracts fused to form a cupular structure; pedicels SYSTEMATICS 2-3 mm long. Male fl owers: calyx: tube 1-1.5 mm long; limb tube 0.5 mm long, truncate to minutely Genus Peponidium Arènes toothed; lobes absent or in form of ciliately haired shallow teeth. Corolla 5-merous, white to yellowish, Peponidium crassifolium glabrous outside, at mouth densely provided with Lantz, Klack. & Razafi m., sp. nov. usually retrorse verrucose hairs; tube ± cylindric, (Fig. 1) 2 mm long; lobes triangular, 3-4 × 1.6-1.9 mm, acute and thickened at apex; apex bent inwards. Species haec a congeneribus ceteris foliis succulentis diff ert; Stamens attached to corolla tube near mouth; ramis validis, foliis obovatis et crassis cum nervis obscure visibilibus etiam dignoscenda. anthers oblong, partly exserted. Style including stigmatic head 4 mm long, shortly exserted; stig- TYPUS. — Madagascar. Antsiranana Province, Andapa matic head 1.1 mm long, vaguely ridged, apically District, Marojejy Massif, 3.II.2006, fl ., Razafi mandim- bison & Ravelonarivo 628 (holo-, S; iso-, MO, TAN). bilobed; style slightly recessed into the stigmatic head; disk reduced, ovary absent. Female fl ow- PARATYPES. — Madagascar. Antsiranana Province, Am- ers: calyx: tube 2-3 mm long; limb tube 0.5 mm banja District, Réserve spéciale de Manongarivo: Bekolosy, long, truncate to minutely toothed, often ciliate at cours supérieur de la Bekolosy, crête rive gauche, entre CR11 et CR12, 14°02’S, 48°18’E, 1240 m, 28.III.1996, margin; lobes absent or in form of ciliately haired fr., Gautier & Be 2913 (G, P). — Andranomalaza, source, shallow teeth. Corolla 5-6-merous, white, glabrous 200 m au N du point coté 1728, 14°02’S, 48°25’E, outside, at mouth densely provided with usually ADANSONIA, sér. 3 • 2007 • 29 (1) 131 Lantz H.
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