NMHS Funded Project Progress Report on
Wildlife and Nature Based Tourism as a Potential Livelihood Option for Local People inhabiting around the Protected Areas in Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh: A Sustainable approach for biodiversity conservation
(Grant Type: Medium Grant, Period: from 1st July 2018 to31st March 2019)
By
Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Associate Professor& PI, Department of Forestry North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology Deemed to be University, Nirjuli-791109, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh, India NMHS Progress Report
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st st (Period from 1 July 2018 to 31 March 2019)
1. Project Information:
Project ID: GBPNI/NMHS-2017-18/SG-05 Sanction Date: 26/02/2018 Project Exploring Wildlife and Nature Based Tourism as a Potential Livelihood Title: Option for Local People inhabiting in and around the Protected Areas in Eastern Himalayas, Arunachal Pradesh: A Sustainable approach for biodiversity conservation
BTG: Livelihood Options and Employment Generation
PI and Dr. Awadhesh Kumar, Affiliation Associate Professor (Institution): North Eastern Regional Institute of Science & Technology (NERIST), Deemed to be University), Nirjuli-791109, Itanagar, Arunachal Pradesh
1. Dr. Murali Krishna, Amity Institute of Forestry & Wildlife, Amity University, Noida, Delhi NCR – 201313 2. Dr. Ashalata Devi, Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Name & Tezpur, Assam Address 3. Mr. TanaTapi, DFO, Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary, Seijosa, East Kameng district, of the Co-PI, Arunachal Pradesh if any: 4. Mrs. SaritaRayem, Green Lyfe Foundation –NGO, Seijosa, East Kameng Structured district, Arunachal Pradesh 5. Mr. TakumNabum, The GhoraAbhe Society- NGO, Seijosa, East Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh
Being a part of the Eastern Himalayas, the state of Arunachal Pradesh is having Abstract - highest species richness and biological diversity among Northeast states in terms of flora fauna and tribal traditions and culture. In India, more than 700 protected areas (PAs) is declared by Govt. of India. However, among these PAs only a few PAs are famous or recognized by people for wildlife and nature based tourism and contributing a lot in livelihood of the not only surrounding local inhabitants but also rural people of the area. Thus, PAs in India provides livelihood support to the local people, directly or indirectly. In northeast states, only a few PAs like Kaziranga NP and Manas NP are highly famous for wildlife based tourism. But in Arunachal Pradesh which has 13 protected areas, except Namdapha NP, no one is explored for the tourism development.Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary is one of the well management protected area and established in the Assam-Arunachal border, approximately 40km away from the Tezpur town, Assam. It has a great potential for wildlife and nature based tourism development which can also support indirectly wildlife and nature based livelihood options for the local inhabitant living in the fringe of the sanctuary area due to its high richness in terms of flora and fauna. Sanctuary is also declared as Tiger Reserve in April 2002.
We conducted survey between July 2018 to March 2019 in Pakke with a major goal that how wildlife and natural view of Pakke wildlife Sanctuary can provide a livelihood options for the local inhabitants for sustaining their life and sustainable biodiversity conservation. Till now, nine nature trails are identified along with distance of nature trail, time taking in trekking & jeep safari and wildlife species
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occur each trail. Overall 216 species of birds, 16 mammals, and one reptile are recorded to encounter frequently. We have surveyed for hospitality in surrounding Pakke WLS but no hotel and resort facilities are available within 30 km of Pakke and found three home stays and two jungle camps in surrounding villages which offer an accommodation and fooding in very economical price. There is lack of jeep safari; one jeep is available for safari. Based on our survey, the sanctuary is having high potential for the hornbill’s lovers and as more than hundred individual of hornbills can be sighted in one flock at morning and evening in Pakke. High & frequent sighting opportunity of wild elephants and tigers in the sanctuary are the another flagship species who attract the tourist. A part from these flagship species, a beautiful view of the sanctuary and stay inside their provide a comfortable and peaceful life for the nature lovers.
Detailing the We have done 117 sample point counts in one year of survey and on those current year points we have recorded 216 avifauna species and 16 mammalian species. progress [Word While survey we have accompanied with five interested unemployed local Limit 250 youths for getting training as a local tourist assistant/guide and we have words]: trained them about identification of wild animals and plants. That may directly and indirectly profitable for ecotourism development for the existing community and getting livelihood.
We have collected information on existing govt. accommodation, home stay and Jungle camps in and around Pakke Tiger Reserve and till now we surveyed the villages located near boundary of PTR and found 3 home stays in Darlong village which is around 1 km from headquarter of Pakke WLS and 2 Eco-jungle camp, one in A-2 village (5km) which is held by local NGO Ghora Aabhe and another is in Mubosa village (8km) which is handling by local community.
9 Nos. of nature trail are identified with existing flagship species and other wildlife species diversity, distance of nature trail, time taking in trekking and jeep safari.
Project Affiliations Role & Responsibilities Partners Dr. Murali Amity Institute of Forestry & Wildlife, Overall implementation and training of Krishna Amity University, Noida, Delhi NCR - forest personal and local youth about the 201313 wildlife identification and to convert them into tour guide Dr. Ashalata Department of Environmental Environmental education, awareness and Devi Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, community participation, Biodiversity Assam conservation Mr. Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary, Seijosa, Help in implementing the project in TanaTapi, Pakke Kesang district, Arunachal ground level DFO Pradesh Mrs. Green Lyfe Foundation –NGO, Planning ecotourism activities. SaritaRayem Seijosa, East Kameng district, Arunachal Pradesh Mr. The GhoraAbhe Society- NGO, Organizing livelihood based training TakumNabu Seijosa, East Kameng district, programme. m Arunachal Pradesh
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2. Project site Details: Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary and Tiger Reserve (here after PTR) located in the East Kameng district, lies in the eastern Himalayan state of Arunachal Pradesh, India (26° 85' 49'' N to 27° 81' 69'' N; 92° 83' 69'' E to 93° 80' 99'' E) and covers an area of 861.95 km2. The area has great scope for wildlife based tourism programme and supporting nature based livelihood for the local inhabitant living in the fringe of the sanctuary area due to the richness of its flora and fauna and well management. Seijosa is the headquarter of Sanctuary, situated at distance of 60 km from Tezpur on National Highway (NH-52). Pakke wildlife Sanctuary is declared in 1977 and due to rich Tiger population it is declared as Pakke Tiger Reserve (PTR) in April 2002. The Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary is surrounded by river which makes the natural boundary of Reserve and shares its boundary from South East to West direction with Nameri National Park, Assam. Sanctuary is divided into two management zones viz. buffer zone (75 km2) and core zone (786.95 km2).
The sanctuary is bordered by Bhareli River (or Kameng River) in the north and west, by Pakke River in the east and by the Nameri National Park and Nauduar Reserve Forest of Assam in south. PWLS is not an isolated patch of forest but encircled by Reserve Forest and other Protected Forests. Sanctuary has two administrative ranges viz, Seijosa Wildlife Range (SWR) and Tipi Wildlife Range (TWR).The topography of the sanctuary is undulating and hilly. The altitudinal variations starting from 200 to 2040 m above mean sea level. Thus, the sanctuary is surrounded by contiguous forests and undulating terrain and hills on most sides with higher hills in the northern part of sanctuary. The general vegetation type of the entire tract is classified as Assam Valley tropical semi-evergreen vegetation (Champion and Seth, 1968).
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Figure 1. Study area: Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh
Overview of the Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary
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3. Project Activities Chart w.r.t. Timeframe [Gantt or PERT]
OVER ALL WORK PROJECT ACTIVITIES UNDERTAKEN OUTPUTS (From 1st July 2018 to 31st March -2019)
1. To evaluate the status Four field surveys were 216 avifauna and 16 of wildlife species and conducted on estimation the mammalian species has been hotspot area with status of wildlife species with documented reference to flagship reference to flagship and Hornbills and elephants are species targeting for charismatic sp. identified as flagship species. wildlife based tourism. Point count survey is taken for Some specific points were avifauna estimation & selected for threatened and documentation and direct & rare species movement so that indirect sighting method is used tourist can sight those species for mammal species. easily. Monitoring will be continued to More than 200 individuals of record some new observations. Wreathed Hornbill and 32 Oriental pied Hornbill and around 9 Great hornbills were recorded. One large roosting site is identified in darlong village and named that place as “tea with hornbill”.
2. To identify the major Identification of Nature trail & 10 Nos. nature trails were hotspot zones which hotspot tourism zone for identified and in between the have high potential for operating tourism. trails some specific zones are nature based tourism List of species found in each selected for tourist interest. within the selected nature trail was documented 117 sampling point counts are study area. along with distance of nature trail done in between these trails. and time taking in trekking & Birding zones are selected for Jeep safari. some rare and threatened Facility available for the tourist. species sighting An intensive survey is done for 25 Nos. of Hornbills nesting all buffer and tourism permitted sites are located. zone to collect information 5 Nos. of hornbills roosting site regarding the facilities available identified and selected as for tourist. tourist zone. Identified of homestay service and nature guide near 1 km from Park main gate.
3. To investigate ways Local unemployed youths were 5 Nos. of local unemployed to promote wildlife trained about identification of youth (4 male +1 female) were and nature based wild animal species and acting trained in birding and tourism in Pakke as tourist guide through involving mammalian species with hiring Wildlife Sanctuary, them with survey team. them as local assistant. Arunachal Pradesh. Local people were contacted 10 Nos. of local people who and encouraged them for have potential to developed developing homestay facilities in homestay facilities were
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their existing houses (at least 1- contacted and encouraged to 2 rooms. developed homestay. 3 Nos. homestay and 2 Jungle eco-camp were identified which provide accommodation & fooding at economical price.
4. Capacity building Training of local youth and forest A training programme on measure to forest department personals as nature developing tourist guide and department personals guide is under process. encouraging people for and local tribal people development of homestay in in relation to their house will be conducted on strengthen the First week of October 2019. ecotourism activities Bird watching and butterfly watch camp will be held on January month.
4. Financial and Resource Information
Note: A separate bank account is expected to be opened for NMHS Project as per the provision of DirectBeneficiary Account (DBA) as laid out by the Govt. of India and also facilitate the audit of accounts. The interest earned out of the NMHS project funds should be reported clearly in the utilization certificate.
Date: 14/05/208 Total Grant: Rs. 45,00,295/- Grant Received Date: Amount: Rs. 16,84,535/-
Project Staff Information:
S. Fellowship/ Wages Name Qualification Designation Remarks No. paid till January, 2019
Anurag Senior Research From 01/08/2018 M.Sc. Forestry 332,640.00 1. Vishwakarma fellow to 31/01/2019
Dipika Parbo From 16/07/2018 2. M.Sc. Zoology Field Assistant 65,000.00 (former) to 31/01/2019
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5. Equipment and Asset Information
S. Equipment Details (Make/ Basic Date of Photographs Lowest No. Name (Qty) Model) Cost + Installation of Equipment Quotation, 18% IFNOT GST* purchased
(Nikon D7200 with 1. Camera (1no.) 59,0000/- 15.11.2018 18-140mm lens)
Lens 2. (Nikkor 200-500mm) 75,000/- 15.11.2018 (1 no.)
GPS Garmin GPS Etrex 3. 29,000/- 15.11.2018 Purchased (2 nos.) 30x through the open Portable quotation. Ambient Weather 4. Weather station 30,000/- 15.11.2018 WM-4 (1 no.)
Binocular Nikon Prostaff 5 5. 38,600/- 22.11.2018 (4 nos.) (8x42) Night vision 6. (Bushnell LYNX) 73,000/- 22.11.2018 Binocular (1no.)
*Price of the equipments which is presented above is excluding the GST.
6. Expenditure Statement and Utilization Certificate
Please update the annual Expenditure Statement and Utilization Certificate (UC) periodically.
Expenditure Information:
S. No. Financial Position/Budget Head Funds Sanctioned Expenditure % of Total cost I Salaries/Manpower cost 4,82,880.00 286841.00 59.40% II Travel 1,60,000.00 158290.00 98.94% III Expendables &Consumables 1,00,000.00 0.00 0% IV Contingencies 70,000.00 70,000.00 100% V Activities & Other Project cost 2,00,000.00 2873.00 1.4% VI Institutional Charges 50000.00 50000.00 100% VII Equipments 6,21,655.00 3,59,428.00 57.82% Total 1684535.00 927432.00 55.05% Interest earned 44022.00 Grand Total Period Expenditure Statement Utilization Certificate (UC)* 1 June 2018 to Annual 31stMarch 2019 [Attach]
*Expenditure statement and Utilization certificate are submitted till 31st March, 2019.
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7. Project Beneficiary Groups
Beneficiary Groups [Capacity Building] Target Achieved No. of Beneficiaries with income generation: 3 Nos. through homestay 15 Nos. business No. of stakeholders trained,particularly women: 5 Nos. including 4 males 25 Nos. and 1 female. No. of capacity building Workshops/trainings: First training is planned in 2 Nos. last week of September, 2019 No. of Awareness & outreach programmes: It will be conducted in 1 No. second year of project. No. of Research/ Manpower developed: 2 Nos. 2 Nos.
8. Project Progress Summary (as applicable to the project)
Description Total (Numeric) Description
IHR States Covered 1 Project Site/ Field Stations Attached two photo Included Developed: Attached one map No. of Patents filed Nil - (Description): Article/ Review/ Research Under communication Contribution of Isolated Tree Paper/ Publication: Species Found in Fringe Villages of Pakke Tiger Reserve, Arunachal Pradesh in Avian species Conservation.
New Methods/ Modellings Nil - Developed(description in 250 words): No. of Trainings Nil 5 persons are trained as local (No. of Beneficiaries): tourist guide by taking them as a field assistant during the field work. Planning to conduct a workshop Workshop: Nil in September 2019 (attach maps about location & NA. Demonstration Models (Site): photos) Livelihood Options: 04 Nature guide training and home stay promotion Training Manuals: Processing Units: .... (attach photos) NA. Species Collection: NA. Species identified: NA Database/ Images/ GIS Maps: 2 Attached herewith as Annexure- 1 Note: Photos/ maps should be attached in high quality in compatible formats viz., JPEG, JPG, .PNG, .SHP, etc. along with a suitable figure legend/ caption.-Included in the projects report.
Annexure 1
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Figure 2 Selected tourist nature trail in Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary
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Table 1. Nine nature trails are selected inside the buffer zone of Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary with intensive survey of wildlife specially birds and mammals. These nature trails are as following trail Trail Trail Number Important species Remark no length of species 1 West Bank to 4 km 29 Red headed Trogan, Elephant, Barking By walk Majo Nala deer is 2 West bank to 12km 39 Elephant, Barking deer, Slow loris, By walk Khari different warbler and babbler species, and Wreathed Hornbill, King Cobra, private Common Hill Myna, Malayan giant vehicle squirrel etc. 3 Khari to 9.5 km 26 Elephant, Sambhar deer, Wild boar, By Upper decroi Malayan Gaint Squirrel, Vernal private hanging Parrot, vehicle 4 Langka 3.5 km 33 Elephant, Long tailed Broadbill, Orient By walk pied Hornbill, great Hornbill, Raptor species, Great barbet, Palm Civet 5 Khari to 8 km 15 Elephant, Otter, Barking deer, Tiger, By walk Khari lake Leopard Red headed Trogan, Green magpie, Warbler and babbler species, 6 Upper Decroi 13 km 52 Elephant, Raptor species, Hornbills, By to East Barking deer, Wild boar etc. private Nameri vehicle 7 Bhalukpung 4.5 km 35 Elephant, Raptor species, Oriental pied By forest ghat to Hornbill, Babbler species, Yellow jeep Magpie throated Martin safari and by walk 8 Magpie to 3.5 km 18 Great Hornbill, Black necked stork, By Diji Camp Elephant, Wild boar, Barking deer, vehicle Khalij pheasant 9 Diji Camp to 5 km 13 Elephant , Gaur, Great Hornbill, By West Nameri Malayan Giant Squirrel etc. vehicle
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60
50
40
30
20 Detectionprobability
10
0
Nature trails
Figure 3 Detection of probability of birds in different Nature trails
60
50
40
30
Encounterrate 20
10
0
Nature trails
Figure 4 Encounter rate of bird species in different Nature trails
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Conservation status of mammal species
13% LC
NT 25% 50%
VU
EN 12%
Figure 5 During the survey of all nature trails two endangered, four vulnerable, two near threatened and eight least consern species has been recorded
Conservation status of bird species 2% LC NT
98%
Figure 6 Conservation status of bird species reported in pakke wildlife Sanctuary
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EDR - for point transects, effective detection radius = W*sqrt(p)
Table 2. Density of birds (D) and density of cluster (DS) estimation for bird species in different tourism nature trail
Detection Nature trail Sampling DS D EDR (m) p value Encounter rate points probability
Majo Nala 7 219.80±55.10 1083.3±367.28 12.03±9.26 0.57 29.8 24.9
Khari 22 61.51±11.07 440.15±123.19 19.52±5.94 0.15 18 23.4
Khari lake 6 18.49±4.71 38.20±11.85 28.34±10.55 0.32 46.3 21.2
Decroi 19 108.29±27.1 2400.6±623.75 11.13±1.08 0.49 55.9 36.9
East Nameri 26 79.02±10.09 303.98±50.7 17.43±5.36 0.12 41.3 17.4
West Nameri 11 24.84±4.35 45.76±9.81 29.36±3.95 0.34 13.6 53.4
Diji 3 30.36±7.58 103.77±40.93 27.72±11.63 0.3 34.7 5.3
Magpie 7 17.90±3.45 34.56±8.50 31.87±6.57 0.4 28.5 33
Bhalukpung 9 59.56±12.16 138.49±35.71 22.34±1.89 0.19 43.5 19.2
Langka 7 164.31±40.20 304.78±85.76 15.25±9.32 0.92 43.9 31.7
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9. Project Linkages (with nearby Institutions/ State Agencies)
S. No. Institute/ Organization Type of Linkages Brief Description
1. The Ghora Aabhe Society – To involve in conducting Helping in development of NGO, Seijosa, Dist.-East wildlife survey and training livelihood project. Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh and awareness programme. Giving opportunity to be part of research team to learn census methods, organizing training programme, etc.
2. Green Lyfe Foundation –NGO, To involve in conducting Helping in development of Seijosa, East Kameng district, wildlife survey and training livelihood project. and awareness programme. Giving opportunity to be part of research team to learn census methods, organizing training programme, etc.
3. Forest Department Uses of data set developed Development of species by project for conservation data set. and tourism planning. Identification of tourist hotspot zones. Training to Forest Personal about operation of tourism and animal conservation & monitoring.
10. Additional (publication, recommendations, etc.):Not application at the present.
Time Period Publications (Research Papers, Information Material, Policy drafts, Patents, etc.) Annual [Year…... ] Under communication
11. Project Concluding Remark
Kindly update the following Progress Parameters for the Reporting Period: 1st July, 2018 to 31st March, 2019.
Project Objectives Monitoring Remarks Project Output against Indicators each (specified in objective Sanction Letter
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To evaluate the 216 avifauna species and No. of baseline - 4 nos. status of wildlife 16 species. surveys performed: species and hotspot Hornbills and elephants are area with reference to identified as flagship flagship species species. No. of maps & - Under targeting for wildlife More than 200 individuals of templates generated preparation. based tourism in Wreathed hornbills, 32 for promoting tourism- selected area. Oriental pied Hornbill and around 8 Great Hornbill. No. of capacity - One scheduled To identify the major 9 Nos. nature trails were building programmes in October, 2019 hotspot zones which identified. and have high potential for 25 Nos. of Hornbills nesting
nature based tourism sites are located. - 5 persons within the selected 3 Nos. of hornbills roosting No. of Stakeholders trained. study area. sited located. benefitted- Identification of homestay
service. -Not applicable at present. Blueprint/Policy To investigate ways to Giving training to draft(s) for assisting promote wildlife and unemployed youth for the decision-making in nature based tourism becoming as tourist guide. the identified area- in Pakke Wildlife Encouragement of Home -One paper
Sanctuary, Arunachal stay development communicated. Other publications Pradesh. People participation in and knowledge flagship species products (Nos.)- conservation in particular and biodiversity conservation in general.
Capacity building Planned in month of measure to forest September, 2019. department personals and local tribal people in relation to strengthen the ecotourism activities.
Methodology (in brief): Point count method was used to estimate and document the avian and direct and indirect count method for mammalian species. Methods for surveying population size are detailed in Ralph and Scott (1981), the excellent compendium by Cooperrider and others (1986), and the manual by Koskimies and Vaisanen (1991). The most widely used are modifications of unlimited distance point counts (Blondel and others 1981), conducted at a series of counting stations. This is the simplest method of counting birds to observer and recorded all the birds seen and heard from a point count station for a set period of time. For counting and observing birds road and off-road count (Ralph et.al., 1992) was also used. Time spend at each point was 15 minutes following by five minutes for settlement.
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Major Research - Documentation of 216 species of birds and 16 mammals Achievements: species. - Three household are encouraged and they have developed Homestay facilities.
Brief Conclusion - the Appointment of project staffs. current year progress – Purchase of field equipments. during the reporting period 4 Nos. surveys are conducted. (point-wise): Documentation of 216 species of birds, 16 mammals, one reptile’s species. 5 persons are trained as tourist assistant and tourist guide. 10 Nos. of Nature trails are located for operating tourism with track and vehicle. 3 Homestay and 2 Jungle Eco-Camps are identified. One training –cum awareness programme is scheduled in 2nd week of September, 2019.
Progress Achieved (%): 30% Remaining work to be done Development of maps, templates, banners, poster for promoting wildlife tourism. Organizing of capacity building programme for forest personals and local people for promoting wildlife tourism and encouraging of homestay development respectively. Training programme for developing nature/tourist guide. Development of blueprint or policy draft for development of tourism programme in the area. Development of research papers and articles.
Submitted to: Submitted by: Er. Kireet Kumar Dr. Awadhesh Kumar Nodal Officer, NMHS-PMU National Mission on Himalayan Studies (NMHS)
G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Project PI (Signature): Sustainable Development, Kosi-Katarmal, Institution (Seal): Almora 263643, Uttarakhand Dated (dd/mm/yy):26/07/2019 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
Please fill the NMHS Progress Report pro forma as applicable with respect to time and other requirements and return via post/ e-mail. In case of any query, please contact at:[email protected]
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Homestay and Jungle camps facilities available nearby Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary, Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Eco Jungle camp by Ghora Aabhe Society (D) Mubosa village community home stay
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Govt. Accommodation available with Forest Department
Figure 5 Forest IB of Langa and there inside surrounding view
Figure 6 Upper Decroi Forest IB and there surrounding view
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Figure 7 FOrest IB of Seijosa gate and there surrounding view
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Wildlife species reported from Pakke Wildlife Sanctuary
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Annexure 1 Checklist of birds encountered in identified nature trails.
S. No. Species Scientific name IUCN Status 1 Ashy Bulbul Hemixos flavala LC 2 Ashy Drongo Dicrurus leucophaeus LC 3 Ashy Woodswallow Artamus fuscus LC 4 Ashy-headed Green-Pigeon Treron phayrei LC 5 Ashy-throated Warbler Phylloscopus maculipennis LC 6 Asian Barred Owlet Glaucidium cuculoides LC 7 Asian Emerald Dove Chalcophaps indica LC 8 Asian Fairy-bluebird Irena puella LC 9 Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopaceus LC 10 Asian Palm-Swift Cypsiurus balasiensis LC 11 Asian Pied Starling Gracupica contra LC 12 Banded Bay Cuckoo Cacomantis sonneratii LC 13 Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica LC 14 Barred Cuckoo-Dove Macropygia unchall LC 15 Bay-backed Shrike Lanius vittatus LC 16 Bengal Bushlark Mirafra assamica LC 17 Black Bulbul Hypsipetes leucocephalus LC 18 Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus LC 19 Black Eagle Ictinaetus malaiensis LC 20 Black Kite Milvus migrans LC 21 Black-backed Forktail Enicurus immaculatus LC 22 Black-crested Bulbul Rubigula flaviventris LC 23 Black-hooded Oriole Oriolus xanthornus LC 24 Black-necked Stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus NT 25 Black-winged cuckooshrike Lalage melaschistos LC 26 Blue Rock-Thrush Monticola solitarius LC 27 Blue Whistling-Thrush Myophonus caeruleus LC 28 Blue-bearded Bee-eater Nyctyornis athertoni LC 29 Blue-capped Rock-Thrush Monticola cinclorhyncha LC 30 Blue-fronted Robin Cinclidium frontale LC 31 Blue-throated Barbet Psilopogon asiaticus LC 32 Blue-winged Leafbird Chloropsis cochinchinensis LC 33 Blue-winged Minla Actinodura cyanouroptera LC 34 Blyth's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus reguloides LC 35 Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum LC 36 Bronzed Drongo Dicrurus aeneus LC 37 Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus LC 38 Bonelli's eagle Aquila fasciata LC 39 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis LC 40 Chestnut-bellied Nuthatch Sitta cinnamoventris LC 41 Chestnut-bellied Rock-Thrush Monticola rufiventris LC
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42 Chestnut-crowned Warbler Seicercus castaniceps LC 43 Chestnut-headed Bee-eater Merops leschenaulti LC 44 Chestnut-headed Tesia Cettia castaneocoronata LC 45 Chestnut-tailed Starling Sturnia malabarica LC 46 Cinereous Tit Parus cinereus LC 47 Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola LC 48 Common Green-Magpie Cissa chinensis LC 49 Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia LC 50 Common Hawk-Cuckoo Hierococcyx varius LC 51 Common Hill Myna Gracula religiosa LC 52 Common Iora Aegithina tiphia LC 53 Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis LC 54 Common Merganser Mergus merganser LC 55 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis LC 56 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos LC 57 Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius LC 58 Crested Kingfisher Megaceryle lugubris LC 59 Crested Serpent-Eagle Spilornis cheela LC 60 Crimson Sunbird Aethopyga siparaja LC 61 Daurian Redstart Phoenicurus auroreus LC 62 Dollarbird Eurystomus orientalis LC 63 Eastern Marsh-Harrier Circus spilonotus LC 64 Eurasian Collared-Dove Streptopelia decaocto LC 65 Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops LC 66 Eurasian Kestrel Falco tinnunculus LC 67 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus LC 68 Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus LC 69 European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola LC 70 Golden-fronted Leafbird Chloropsis aurifrons LC 71 Gray Bushchat Saxicola ferreus LC 72 Gray Peacock-Pheasant Polyplectron bicalcaratum LC 73 Gray-backed Shrike Lanius tephronotus LC 74 Gray-breasted Prinia Prinia hodgsonii LC 75 Gray-headed Canary-Flycatcher Culicicapa ceylonensis LC 76 Gray-winged Blackbird Turdus boulboul LC 77 Great Barbet Psilopogon virens LC 78 Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo LC 79 Greater Goldenback Chrysocolaptes guttacristatus LC 80 Great Hornbill Buceros bicornis NT 81 Great Myna Acridotheres grandis LC 82 Greater necklaced laughingthrush Pterorhinus pectoralis LC 83 Greater Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus paradiseus LC 84 Greater Short-toed/Hume's Lark Calandrella acutirostris LC 85 Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis LC
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86 Green Imperial-Pigeon Ducula aenea LC 87 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus LC 88 Green-billed Malkoha Phaenicophaeus tristis LC 89 Greenish Warbler Phylloscopus trochiloides LC 90 Hair-crested Drongo Dicrurus hottentottus LC 91 Himalayan Black-lored Tit Parus xanthogenys LC 92 Himalayan Thrush Zoothera salimalii LC 93 Hodgson's Redstart Phoenicurus hodgsoni LC 94 House Sparrow Passer domesticus LC 95 Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus LC 96 Indian Golden Oriole Oriolus kundoo LC 97 Indian nuthatch Sitta castanea LC 98 Indian Pond-Heron Ardeola grayii LC 99 Indian Robin Copsychus fulicatus LC 100 Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis LC 101 Indian Silverbill Euodice malabarica LC 102 Intermediate Egret Ardea intermedia LC 103 Jungle Babbler Turdoides striata LC 104 Jungle Myna Acridotheres fuscus LC 105 Kalij Pheasant Lophura leucomelanos LC 106 Large Cuckooshrike Coracina macei LC 107 Large-billed Crow Corvus macrorhynchos LC 108 Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis LC 109 Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni LC 110 Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush Garrulax monileger LC 111 Lesser Racket-tailed Drongo Dicrurus remifer LC 112 Lesser Yellownape Picus chlorolophus LC 113 Lineated Barbet Psilopogon lineatus LC 114 Little Cormorant Microcarbo niger LC 115 Little Egret Egretta garzetta LC 116 Little Pied Flycatcher Ficedula westermanni LC 117 Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius LC 118 Little Spiderhunter Arachnothera longirostra LC 119 Long-billed Wren-Babbler Napothera malacoptila LC 120 Long-tailed Broadbill Psarisomus dalhousiae LC 121 Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach LC 122 Long-tailed Sibia Heterophasia picaoides LC 123 Maroon Oriole Oriolus traillii LC 124 Mountain Bulbul Ixos mcclellandii LC 125 Mountain Imperial-Pigeon Ducula badia LC 126 Mountain Tailorbird Phyllergates cucullatus LC 127 Nepal Fulvetta Alcippe nipalensis LC 128 Orange-bellied Leafbird Chloropsis hardwickii LC 129 Orange Minivet Pericrocotus flammeus LC
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130 Oriental Honey-buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus LC 131 Oriental Magpie-Robin Copsychus saularis LC 132 Oriental Pied-Hornbill Anthracoceros albirostris LC 133 Oriental Turtle-Dove Streptopelia orientalis LC 134 Oriental White-eye Zosterops palpebrosus LC 135 Paddyfield Pipit Anthus rufulus LC 136 Pied Bushchat Saxicola caprata LC 137 Pied Falconet Microhierax melanoleucos LC 138 Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis LC 139 Pin-striped Tit-Babbler Mixornis gularis LC 140 Pin-tailed Pigeon Treron apicauda LC 141 Plain Prinia Prinia inornata LC 142 Plaintive Cuckoo Cacomantis merulinus LC 143 Plumbeous Redstart Phoenicurus fuliginosus LC 144 Puff-throated Babbler Pellorneum ruficeps LC 145 Purple Sunbird Cinnyris asiaticus LC 146 Pygmy Cupwing Pnoepyga pusilla LC 147 Red Junglefowl Gallus gallus LC 148 Red breasted flycatcher Ficedula parva LC 149 Red-breasted Parakeet Psittacula alexandri LC 150 Red-headed Trogon Harpactes erythrocephalus LC 151 Red-tailed Minla Minla ignotincta LC 152 Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer LC 153 Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus LC 154 Red-whiskered Bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus LC 155 River Lapwing Vanellus duvaucelii NT 156 River Tern Sterna aurantia LC 157 Rock Pigeon Columba livia LC 158 Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri LC 159 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea LC 160 Rufous Treepie Dendrocitta vagabunda LC 161 Rufous-bellied Eagle Lophotriorchis kienerii LC 162 Rufous-throated Fulvetta Schoeniparus rufogularis LC 163 RufousTreepie Dendrocitta vagabunda LC 164 Rusty-bellied Shortwing Brachypteryx hyperythra NT 165 Savanna Nightjar Caprimulgus affinis LC 166 Scarlet Minivet Pericrocotus speciosus LC 167 Shikra Accipiter badius LC 168 Siberian Rubythroat Calliope calliope LC 169 Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus LC 170 Silver-eared Mesia Leiothrix argentauris LC 171 Slaty-backed Forktail Enicurus schistaceus LC 172 Slender-billed Scimitar-Babbler Pomatorhinus superciliaris LC 173 Small Minivet Pericrocotus cinnamomeus LC
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174 Small Niltava Niltava macgrigoriae LC 175 Small Pratincole Glareola lactea LC 176 Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis LC 177 Spotted Owlet Athene brama LC 178 Spot-winged Starling Saroglossa spilopterus LC 179 Spangled drongo Dicrurus bracteatus LC 180 Streaked Spiderhunter Arachnothera magna LC 181 Striated Heron Butorides striata LC 182 Sultan Tit Melanochlora sultanea LC 183 Thick-billed Pigeon Treron curvirostra LC 184 Tickell's Leaf Warbler Phylloscopus affinis LC 185 Ultramarine Flycatcher Ficedula superciliaris LC 186 Velvet-fronted Nuthatch Sitta frontalis LC 187 Verditer Flycatcher Eumyias thalassinus LC 188 Vernal Hanging-Parrot Loriculus vernalis LC 189 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta LC 190 Wedge-tailed Pigeon Treron sphenurus LC 191 Western Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava LC 192 Whiskered Yuhina Yuhina flavicollis LC 193 Whistler's Warbler Phylloscopus whistleri LC 194 White Wagtail Motacilla alba LC 195 White-bellied Drongo Dicrurus caerulescens LC 196 White-breasted Waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus LC 197 White-breasted Woodswallow Artamus leucorynchus LC 198 White-browed Fantail Rhipidura aureola LC 199 White-browed Piculet Sasia ochracea LC 200 White-browed Scimitar-Babbler Pomatorhinus schisticeps LC 201 White-capped Redstart Phoenicurus leucocephalus LC 202 White-crested Laughingthrush Pomatorhinus schisticeps LC 203 White-crowned Forktail Enicurus leschenaulti LC 204 White-rumped Shama Copsychus malabaricus LC 205 White-spectacled Warbler Phylloscopus intermedius LC 206 White-tailed Robin Myiomela leucura LC 207 White-throated Bulbul Alophoixus flaveolus LC 208 White-throated Fantail Rhipidura albicollis LC 209 White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis LC 210 White-winged Duck Asarcornis scutulata LC 211 Wreathed Hornbill Rhyticeros undulatus LC 212 Yellow-bellied Fairy-Fantail Chelidorhynx hypoxanthus LC 213 Yellow-bellied Warbler Abroscopus superciliaris LC 214 Yellow-browed Warbler Phylloscopus inornatus LC 215 Yellow-eyed Babbler Chrysomma sinense LC 216 Yellow-footed Pigeon Treron phoenicopterus LC
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Annexure 2: Checklist of mammals encountered in identified nature trails.
S. no Common name Scientific name IUCN status 1 Assamese macaque M. assamensis NT 2 Barking Deer Muntiacusmuntjak LC 3 Common Palm Civet Paradoxurushermaphroditus LC 4 Hoary-bellied Himalayan Squirrel Callosciuruspygerythrus LC 5 Elephant Elephasmaximus EN 6 Malayan Giant Squirrel Ratufa bicolor NT 7 Rhesus Macaque Macacamulatta LC 8 Sambhar deer Cervus unicolor VU 9 Wild Boar Susscrofa LC 10 Tiger Pantheratigris EN 11 Small-clawed otter Aonyxcinerea VU 12 Asain palm civet Paradoxurus hermaphroditus LC 13 Capped Langur Trachypithecus pileatus VU 14 Indian crested porcupine Hystrix indica LC 15 Gaur Bos gaurus VU 16 Yellow throated Martin Martes flavigula LC
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