DOCSLIB.ORG

Fair Trade Coffee Supply Chains in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: Do They Give Higher Returns to Smallholders?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fair Trade Coffee Supply Chains in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: Do They Give Higher Returns to Smallholders? View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lincoln University Research Archive Fair Trade Coffee Supply Chains in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: Do They Give Higher Returns to Smallholders? ________________________________________________________________ A Thesis Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Applied Science at Lincoln University by Wayne Ishmael Powae _____________________________________ Lincoln University 2009 i Abstract Abstract of the thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of M.Appl.Sc Fair Trade Coffee Supply Chains in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea: Do They Give Higher Returns to Smallholders? By Wayne Ismael Powae This research focussed on Fair Trade (FT) coffee supply chains in Papua New Guinea. Three research questions were asked. First, do smallholders in the FT chains receive higher returns than the smallholders in the conventional chains? Secondly, if smallholders in the FT coffee chains receive higher returns from their coffee than the smallholders in the conventional chains, what are the sources of these higher returns? Finally, if smallholders in the FT chains don’t receive higher returns than in the conventional chains, what are the constraints to smallholders receiving higher returns from the FT coffee chains than the conventional chains? A conceptual framework for agribusiness supply chain was developed that was used to guide the field work. A comparative case study methodology was selected as an appropriate method for eliciting the required information. Four case study chains were selected. A paired FT and conventional coffee chains from Okapa and another paired FT and conventional chains from Kainantu districts, Eastern Highlands Province were selected for the study. The research found that smallholders in the FT chains and conventional chains receive very similar prices for their coffee (parchment price equivalent). Hence, there was no evidence that smallholders in the FT chains received higher prices or returns from their coffee production than smallholders in conventional chains. This study also found that there was no evidence of FLO certification improving returns to smallholders in the FT chains over those returns received in the conventional chains, but the community that the FT smallholder producers come from did benefit. The sources of these community benefits lies in the shorter FT chains and the distributions of the margin that would have been otherwise made by ii processors to producers, exporters and the community. In addition, this study found that constraints associated with value creation are similar in all the four chains studied. However, there are some added hurdles for the FT chains in adhering to FT and organic coffee standards. Moreover, FT co-operatives lacked capacity to trade and their only functions were to help with FLO certification and distribute the FT premium to the community. The findings of this research support some aspects of the literature, but not others. The research contribution is the finding that in this period of high conventional coffee prices, returns to smallholders from FT chains were no better than the returns gained in conventional chians, which leads to opportunism and lack of loyalty by smallholders in the FT chains. The other contribution of this research is in identifying a particular type of free rider who is not a member of the FT co-operative but has right to the community benefits generated by the FT chain. Keywords: Papua New Guinea, Agribusiness Supply Chains, Coffee, Fair Trade, Conventional, Smallholder Coffee Producers iii To my late inspirational mother Itaiso Tunume Powae and brother Gohave Loko _________________________________________________________________ iv Acknowledgements I would like to express my utmost gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor Sandra Martin, and my Associate Supervisor, Dr. Liesbeth Dries for all their guidance, support and encouragement. Without their gentleness, understanding, suggestions and comments, this thesis would not have been a success. I humbly appreciate and honour them. My utmost gratitude and appreciation goes to NZAID for providing the kind scholarship and also finance for my field work, completion of my study and final printing of this thesis. I wish to thank Associate Professor Dr. Rubert Tipples, Associate Professor Michael Lyne and Mr. Guy Trafford for their professional and human exchange of ideas during the thesis processes. I am also grateful to my wife Josepha for her support and administering of family affairs during my study at Lincoln University. Special thanks are due to Robert and Carolyne Lutelele for their unceasing support to my children back in PNG so that I could complete this not so easy endeavour. To dear Delta, Golikuto and Gumoro who have borne the hardships back in PNG, and Punove, Ginitome and Gossimamu who have had to endure the hardship of my student life at Lincoln, thanks to all of you for giving me the courage and strength to continue during those times of weariness. I am indebted to the board members of FT cooperatives in Okapa and Kainantu districts for their assistance in identifying interviewees. Also my special thanks go to Dr Arnold Parapi and Ruben Sengere at the Coffee Research Institute, Aiyura, for their hospitality during my research. To those who, in one way or another, have contributed in the completion of this research, my sincerest thanks and appreciation goes out to all of you. I would also like to convey my appreciation to my father Powae Punove, Papa Ismael Kumuli and brother Sanny, Hovis and Tumo for their consistent moral support, and those clan and church families from Kotuni- Gorohanota who pray for me. Above all, I must thank the Almighty God for His Abundant Love, Mercy and Guidance. v Table of Contents Page Abstract………………………………………………………………………..……………ii Acknowledgement……………………………………………………………….………… v List of Figures…..………………………………………………………………………..….x List of Tables……………..……………………………………………………………….....xi Acronyms……………………………………………………………………………….…..xii Appendices…………………………………………………………………………..…….xiii Chapter 1 Introduction....………………………………………………………………1 1.1 Rationale …….……………...………………………………………………………..1 1.2 Statement of the Problem ……………………………………………………..……..4 1.3 Research Questions …………………………………………………………………..4 1.4 Organization of the Thesis ………………………………………………………...…4 Chapter 2 Coffee Supply Chain in the Context of PNG Coffee Industry …………...6 2.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………………..6 2.2 Coffee Growing Areas in Papua New Guinea ………………………………………..6 2.3 Government Support for the Coffee Industry ……………………………………..…7 2.4 Description of the Conventional and Fair Trade Coffee Supply Chains in PNG ….…8 2.4.1 The Conventional Coffee Supply Chain …………………..………………….8 2.4.2 The FT Coffee Supply Chain …………………………………………..……11 2.5 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………..14 Chapter 3 Literature Review ………………………………………….………………15 3.1 The Concepts and Context of Coffee Supply Chains ………………………………..15 3.2 The Conceptual Framework ……………………………………………...………….18 3.2.1 Returns …………………………………………………………………...….20 3.2.2 Value Creations ……………………………………………………………..22 3.2.3 Value Creating Activities …………………………………………………...24 vi 3.2.4 Relationships and coordination …………………………………………….31 3.2.5 Constraints …………………………………………………………………35 3.3 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………38 Chapter 4 Methodology ……………………………………………………………….39 4.1 Introduction …………………………………………………….…………………..39 4.2 Research Framework ……………………………………………….……………….39 4.3 Field Work Approach ……………………………………………….………..…….41 4.3.1 Case Study Approach ………………………………………….………..….41 4.3.2 The Research Approach and Data Collection ……………………………...42 4.3.3 The Limitations and Constraints ……………………………………………45 4.4 Data Analysis and Report Writing ………………………………………………….46 4.5 Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………..47 Chapter 5 Results ………...…………………………………………………………….48 5.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….48 5.2 Case 1: Fair Trade Coffee Supply Chain Originating from Okapa ………………….48 5.2.1 Span of Chain ………………………………………………………………..48 5.2.2 Processes ………………………………………………………………….....50 5.2.3 Information Flows …………………………………………………………...55 5.2.4 Relationships …………………………………………………………...……58 5.2.5 Returns ………………………………………………………………………60 5.3 Case 2: Conventional Coffee Supply Chain Originating from Okapa ………………63 5.3.1 Span of Chain ………………………………………………………………..63 5.3.2 Processes ………………………………………………………………….....65 5.3.3 Information Flows …………………………………………………………...70 5.3.4 Relationships …………………………………………………………...……73 5.3.5 Returns ………………………………………………………………………74 vii 5.4 Case 3: Conventional Coffee Supply Chain Originating from Kainantu ……………76 5.4.1 Span of Chain ………………………………………………………………..76 5.4.2 Processes ………………………………………………………………….....78 5.4.3 Information Flows …………………………………………………………...83 5.4.4 Relationships …………………………………………………………...……85 5.4.5 Returns ………………………………………………………………………87 5.5 Case 4: Conventional Coffee Supply Chain Originating from Kainantu ……………90 5.5.1 Span of Chain ………………………………………………………………..90 5.5.2 Processes ………………………………………………………………….....92 5.5.3 Information Flows …………………………………………………………...96 5.5.4 Relationships …………………………………………………………...……98 5.5.5 Returns …………………………………………………………………..…..99 Chapter 6 Analysis ……..………………………………….………………………….101 6.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………...101 6.2 Analysis of Prices and Returns …………………………………………………….101 6.2.1 Smallholders’ Prices and Returns ………………………………………….101
Load more

Recommended publications
  • PNG: Sustainable Highlands Highway Investment Program -Tranche 2
    Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 48444 Date: February 2020 Document status: Draft PNG: Sustainable Highlands Highway Investment Program -Tranche 2 Volume I: Erap River Bridge (Km 46+500) to Kabalipi River (Km 288 + 100) Prepared by the Department of Works (DOW) for Asian Development Bank This Initial Environmental Examination (Volume I) is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ii CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of February 2020) Currency Unit – Kina (K) K1.00 = $0.294 $1.00 = K3.396 ABBREVIATIONS ADB – Asian Development Bank AIDS – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AP – Affected Persons BOD – Biochemical Oxygen Demand CEMP – Contractor’s Environmental Management Plan CEPA – Conservation and Environmental Protection Authority CSC – Construction Supervision Consultant DC – Design Consultant DFAT – Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Government of Australia DMS – Detailed Measurement Survey DNPM – Department of National Planning and Monitoring DOW – Department of Works EARF – Environmental Assessment and Review Framework EHSG _ Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines EHSO _ Environment,
    [Show full text]
  • Harvesting Development
    HARVESTING DEVELOPMENT The Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (NIAS) is funded by the govern- ments of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden via the Nordic Council of Ministers, and works to encourage and support Asian studies in the Nordic countries. In so doing, NIAS has been publishing books since 1969, with more than one hundred titles produced in the last decade. Nordic Council of Ministers HARVESTING DEVELOPMENT THE CONSTRUCTION OF FRESH FOOD MARKETS IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA Karl Benediktsson Copyright © Karl Benediktsson 2002 All rights reserved. First Published in Denmark by Nordic Institute of Asian Studies (Simultaneously published in North America by The University of Michigan Press) Printed in Singapore No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission of the publisher. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data Benediktsson, Karl Harvesting development : the construction of fresh food markets in Papua New Guinea 1.Food supply - Papua New Guinea 2.Farm produce - Papua New Guinea I.Title II.Nordic Institute of Asian Studies 381'.4'5'6413'009953 ISBN 87-87062-92-5 (cloth) ISBN 87-87062-91-7 (paper) Contents Illustrations … vi Tables … viii Vignettes … viii Acknowledgements … ix Abbreviations … xii 1Introduction … 1 2Markets, commoditization, and actors: spacious concepts … 22 3Faces in the crowd: Lives and networks of selected actors … 54 4Fresh food movements in a fragmented national
    [Show full text]
  • Consultation Paper on UAS Projects for 2020 15Th July 2019
    Consultation Paper on UAS Projects for 2020 15th July 2019 Contents 1 Background ................................................................................................................................. 3 2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 4 3 Mobile Broadband Network Upgrade and Expansion ...................................................... 5 3.1 Greenfield Proposed Projects ........................................................................................ 5 3.2 Upgrade Proposed Projects ............................................................................................ 6 4 Community and Institutional Broadband Networks .......................................................... 7 4.1 Proposed Projects ............................................................................................................. 7 5 ICT Platform for Future Growth ............................................................................................ 10 6 Expansion of Broadcasting Network Coverage ............................................................... 11 7 Other Projects ........................................................................................................................... 12 8 Budget ......................................................................................................................................... 12 8.1 Implementation Schedule .............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Goroka City PROFILE
    Regional Technical Cooperation Division PAPUA NEW GUINEA: GOROKA CITY PROFILE 1 Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), 2010 All rights reserved United Nations Human Settlements Programme publications can be obtained from UN-HABITAT Regional and Information Offices or directly from: P.O. Box 30030, GPO 00100 Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: + (254 20) 762 4266/7 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhabitat.org This Goroka report and project was prepared and managed by Max Kep, Catherine Pukena, Vinela Vinilia Vuapak, Samuel Moken Phel, and Nazel Zalepa in Papua New Guinea and supported by Wesley Aruga, Chris Radford, Alain Grimard, Kerstin Sommer and Florence Kuria in Nairobi. HS Number: HS/1257/09E ISBN Number: 978-92-1-132239-2 DisclaimeR The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Governing Council of UN-HABITAT or its Member States. Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced without authorisation, on condition that the source is indicated. Photo credits: © Office of Urbanization ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
    [Show full text]
  • Oecussi and Ermera Water Rehabilitation Project
    Initial Environmental Examination April 2016 PNG: HIGHLANDS REGION ROAD IMPROVEMENT INVESTMENT PROGRAM Henganofi to Nupuru Road This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................. 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................................ 1 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 3 A. THE PROGRAM ....................................................................................................................... 3 B. OVERVIEW AND CONTEXT ....................................................................................................... 4 2. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ............................................................ 5 A. PAPUA NEW GUINEA ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS AND REGULATIONS .............................................
    [Show full text]
  • Eastern Highlands Province
    OTHER PUBLICATION Jeremy Goro EASTERN HIGHLANDS Kilala Devette-Chee Peter Magury PROVINCE Daphney Kollin 2009 PROVINCIAL AND Martha Waim DISTRICT UNIVERSAL BASIC www.pngnri.org EDUCATION PROFILE September 2020 This page is intentionally left blank OTHER PUBLICATION EASTERN HIGHLANDS Jeremy Goro Kilala Devette-Chee PROVINCE Peter Magury Daphney Kollin 2009 PROVINCIAL AND Martha Waim DISTRICT UNIVERSAL BASIC EDUCATION PROFILE September 2020 First published in September 2020 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Copyright © 2020 The National Research Institute. Direct any inquiries regarding this publication to: The Editorial Unit Leader National Research Institute P.O. Box 5854 Boroko, NCD 111 Papua New Guinea Tel: +675 326 0300/326 0061; Fax: +675 326 0213 Email: [email protected] Website: www.pngnri.org The Papua New Guinea National Research Institute (PNG NRI) is an independent statutory authority established by an Act of Parliament in 1988 and confirmed by the IASER (Amendment) Act 1993. PNG NRI is mandated by legislation to carry out independent research and analysis on development issues affecting PNG. The legislation states that the functions of the PNG NRI are: (a) the promotion of research into Papua New Guinea society and the economy (b) the undertaking of research into social, political and economic problems of Papua New Guinea in order to enable practical solutions to such problems to be formulated. ISBN 9980 75 277 7 National Library Service of Papua New Guinea ABCDE 202423222120 The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and not necessarily the views of the Papua New Guinea National Research Institute.
    [Show full text]
  • Notable Events Book All Regions
    NATIONAL STATISTICAL OFFICE 2009 HOUSEHOLD INCOME EXPENDITURE SURVEY NOTABLE EVENTS BOOK ALL REGIONS Population and Social Statistics Division National Statistical Office Waigani, February 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. 1. WHAT IS A NOTABLE EVENTS BOOK? 1 2. WHY DO WE USE A NOTABLE EVENTS BOOK? 1 3. HOW DO YOU USE THE NOTABLE EVENTS BOOK? 1 4. WHEN DO YOU USE THE NOTABLE EVENTS BOOK? 2 5. NOTIONAL EVENTS – SUMMARY 4 6. NOTABLE EVENTS – SOUTHERN REGION 5 7. NOTABLE EVENTS – WESTERN PROVINCE 6 South Fly District 6 Middle Fly District 8 North Fly District 10 8. NOTABLE EVENTS – GULF PROVINCE 11 Kerema District 11 Kikori District 14 9. NOTABLE EVENTS – CENTRAL PROVINCE 17 Abau District 17 Rigo District 19 Kairuku/Hiri District 22 Goilala District 23 10. NOTABLE EVENTS – NATIONAL CAPITAL DISTRICT 25 National Capital District 26 11. NOTABLE EVENTS – MILNE BAY PROVINCE 27 Alotau District 27 Samarai/Murua District 28 Esa’ala District 30 12. NOTABLE EVENTS – ORO (NORTHERN) PROVINCE 31 Sohe District 31 Ijivitari District 33 13. NOTABLE EVENTS – HIGHLANDS REGION 36 14. NOTABLE EVENTS – SOUTHERN HIGHLANDS 37 Ialibu/Pangia District 37 Imbongu District 39 Kagua/Erave District 39 Komo/Magarima District 41 Koroba/Kopiago 41 Mendi District 42 Nipa/Kutubu 43 Tari District 43 15. NOTABLE EVENTS – ENGA PROVINCE 44 Kandep District 44 i Lagaip/Porgera District 44 Wabag District 45 Wapenamanda District 45 16. NOTABLE EVENTS – WESTERN HIGHLANDS PROVINCE 46 Anglimp/South Wahgi District 46 Dei District 47 Hagen Central District 47 Jimi District 48 Mul/Baiyer District 49 North Wahgi District 51 Tambu/Nebilyer District 51 17.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Modifying Ovarian Feedback on the Reproductive Performance of Highlands Half-Bred Ewes
    Proceedings.book Page 662 Monday, September 17, 2001 11:30 AM Effect of Modifying Ovarian Feedback on the Reproductive Performance of Highlands Half-Bred Ewes Paul N. Manua* Abstract An experiment was conducted at Tambul Research Station, Western Highlands Province, PNG, to determine the response of highlands half-bred ewes to the steroid hormone Androject, injected eight and four weeks before the onset of mating. The aim was to determine the potential use of this method for increasing lamb production in the national and provincial sheep farms producing lambs for distribution to farmers. Ewes that received Androject showed a fecundity of 1.42 per ewe compared to 1.18 per ewe for the control group. The number of lambs weaned per 100 ewes in the treated and the untreated groups were 119 and 97 respectively. It appears that under the prevailing feeding and management conditions at Tambul Research Station, the use of a steroid immunising vaccine such as Androject may result in a significant increase in the fecundity of ewes. THE production of lambs by the national and the pro- output of lambs from the farm breeding centres, vincial sheep farms is inadequate to meet demand through modification of ovarian feedback using the from farmers. Production of lambs can be increased vaccine Androject. from available breeding ewes by increasing the repro- ductive rate of these animals but a major factor lim- iting reproductive rate is low ovulation rate (Hanrahan Materials and Methods 1980). Nutritional, photoperiodic, genetic or pharma- cological means can be used to manipulate ovulation The study was conducted at the Tambul Research rates (Cummins et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Medical Society of Papua New Guinea
    Public Private Partnership in Health Care 2009 MEDICAL SYMPOSIUM 1 www.mspng.org Public Private Partnership in Health Care THE MEDICAL SOCIETY OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA Takes this opportunity to sincerely thank The Pacific International Hospital, St. Mary’s Hospital, JTA International and UPNG School of Medicine and Health Science for Co-Hosting the 45th Annual Medical Symposium at the School of Medicine & Health Sciences,UPNG, Taurama Campus. August 30th – September 4th 2009 2009 MEDICAL SYMPOSIUM 2 www.mspng.org Public Private Partnership in Health Care 45th Annual Medical Symposium School of Medicine & Health Sciences, UPNG, Taurama Campus August 30th – September 4th 2009 2009 MEDICAL SYMPOSIUM 3 www.mspng.org Public Private Partnership in Health Care EDITORIAL TEAM Chief Editor Nakapi Tefuarani Editorial Committee Mathias Sapuri Sylvester Lahe Osborne Liko Frank Torova Pius Umo Nicholas Mann Publishing Arno Leka Rose Solien Photography Pedro Kamong Pradeep Ratnagiri Typeset Rose Solien Sylvester Lahe Printing Moore Printing Ltd Published by Medical Society of Papua New Guinea P.O. Box 6665 BOROKO National Capital District Papua New Guinea www.mspng.org [email protected] Copyright © 2009 – Medical Society of Papua New Guinea All rights reserved 2009 MEDICAL SYMPOSIUM 4 www.mspng.org Public Private Partnership in Health Care 2009 MEDICAL SYMPOSIUM ORGANISING COMMITTEE Frank Torova Nitin Datir Fred Kambual Amyna Sultan Vaishali Datir James Maibon Pius Umo Felicidad Cabrera Thomas Kubu Paul Mondia Kimberley Kawapuro Gladwin Mai Duncan Dobunaba Joycelyn Ila Ringko Sitaing Conny Caspar Bernadette Iamo Darius Deganu Onne Rageau Noella Desini Faisal Quareshi Pradeep Ratnagiri Hakim Ujainwalla Sanjay Aggarwal John Vince Philip Modudula 2009 MEDICAL SYMPOSIUM 5 www.mspng.org Public Private Partnership in Health Care CONTENTS Members of the 2009 Medical Symposium Organising Committee…………………………………………….
    [Show full text]
  • Pcab Exit Strategy Draft
    DRAFT DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE Financial Management Improvement Programme Provincial Capacity Building Programme Phase II ( PCaB ) Exit Strategy December 2011 PCaB Exit Strategy 2012 INDICE Executive summary ...................................................................................................................... 3 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 12 2. Background ......................................................................................................................... 13 3. PCaB Project ........................................................................................................................ 14 3.1 PCaB project objectives ................................................................................................ 14 3.2 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 15 4. Results and impact to date............................................................................................... 19 5. Need of an exit strategy.................................................................................................... 30 5.1 Why do we need an Exit Strategy? ............................................................................. 31 5.2 Key issues to consider .................................................................................................... 32 6. Strategic Analysis ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • List of Districts of Papua New Guinea
    National Capital District SNo District District Capital 1 National Capital District Port Moresby Central Province SNo District District Capital 1 Abau District Abau 2 Goilala District Tapini 3 Kairuku-Hiri District Bereina 4 Rigo District Kwikila Eastern Highlands Province SNo District District Capital 1 Daulo District Asaro 2 Goroka District Goroka 3 Henganofi District Henganofi 4 Kainantu District Kainantu 5 Lufa District Lufa 6 Obura-Wonenara District Lamari 7 Okapa District Okapa 8 Unggai-Benna District Benna East New Britain Province SNo District District Capital 1 Gazelle District Kerevat 2 Kokopo District Kokopo 3 Pomio District Pomio 4 Rabaul District Rabaul East Sepik Province SNo District District Capital 1 Ambunti-Dreikikir District Ambunti 2 Angoram District Angoram 3 Maprik District Maprik 4 Wewak District Wewak 5 Wosera-Gawi District Wosera 6 Yangoru-Saussia District Yangoru Enga Province SNo District District Capital 1 Kandep District Kandep 2 Kompiam District Kompiam 3 Lagaip-Porgera District Lagaip-Porgera 4 Wapenamanda District Wapenamanda | 5 Wabag District Wabag Gulf Province SNo District District Capital 1 Kerema District Kerema 2 Kikori District Kikori Hela Province SNo District District Capital 1 Komo-Magarima District Magarima 2 Koroba-Kopiago District Kopiago 3 Tari-Pori District Tari Jiwaka Province SNo District District Capital 1 Anglimp-South Waghi District Minj 2 Jimi District Tabibuga 3 North Waghi District Banz Madang Province SNo District District Capital 1 Bogia District Bogia 2 Madang District Madang 3
    [Show full text]
  • PAPUA NEW GUINEA: Goroka CITY PROFILE
    Regional Technical Cooperation Division PAPUA NEW GUINEA: GOROKA CITY PROFILE INSERT PICTURE 1 Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), 2010 All rights reserved United Nations Human Settlements Programme publications can be obtained from UN-HABITAT Regional and Information Offices or directly from: P.O. Box 30030, GPO 00100 Nairobi, Kenya. Fax: + (254 20) 762 4266/7 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.unhabitat.org This Goroka report and project was prepared and managed by Max Kep, Catherine Pukena, Vinela Vinilia Vuapak, Samuel Moken Phel, and Nazel Zalepa in Papua New Guinea and Alain Grimard, Kerstin Sommer and Florence Kuria in Nairobi. Disclaimer The designation employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or regarding its economic system or degree of development. The analysis, conclusions and recommendations of the report do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-HABITAT), the Governing Council of UN-HABITAT or its Member States. Excerpts from this publication may be reproduced without authorisation, on condition that the source is indicated. Photo credits: © UN-HABITAT Acknowledgements Design and Layout: Florence Kuria 2 PAPUA NEW GUINEA: GOROKA CITY PROFILE UNITED
    [Show full text]