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Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovations

We are pleased to present to you a publication in which we describe the Pol- ish investment and export potential. In the first part, we present the regions that, according to the results of regional analyses, generate the highest percentage of domestic exports or show continuous development in this direction. The second part of the publication is dedicated to the presentation of Polish companies that are conquering the Polish export market and focusing largely on innovation in their business models. The we present include, among others, the Masovian and Silesian regions, which generate almost a quarter of national exports. The value of the ex- port market in these regions as well as in Greater exceeds EUR 20 billion. In recent years, other regions, such as Lower Silesian , have recorded the greatest increase in the value of exported goods. Zygmunt Berdychowski Chairman of the Economic Forum The synthetic summaries include a compendium of knowledge about the Programme Council voivodeships, thanks to which a potential investor or entrepreneur who wants to start or develop a business in Poland will find information about the location, net- work of connections, transport accessibility, level of urbanization, sectoral structure of enterprises, employment structure, percentages regarding projects with foreign capital. Of course, we also point out the innovation of a given voivodeship and smart specializations of the region. They include, among others, modern medicine, information technologies and energy. In the second part, you will find profiles of over 20 selected Polish companies that want to expand their cooperation with foreign partners. We have chosen enterprises that are not only producers or sellers of goods and services, but also participate in economic, social and political discourse through their public activity. We introduce companies of various sizes. The catalogue includes both the national giant - the second-largest roof win- dow manufacturer in the world, with over 180 patent applications and customers in over 50 countries, and a leading manu- facturer of electric and diesel passenger vehicles, electric and diesel locomotives, as well as metro and tram vehicles. There are also representatives of the IT sector offering comprehensive solutions for transport, public entities, and even innovative sup- port systems for municipal waste segregation. We describe companies providing the latest technological, pharmaceutical and biotechnological solutions, as well as those operating in the field of renewable energy sources and energy management. At the same time, we focus on tradition with a modern take. Poland is known for the highest quality food products. In this segment, we present both large enterprises, which include one of the biggest companies in Central and Eastern Europe in the food industry, and smaller companies specializing in ecological production and modern fruit and even honey processing. Poland is an attractive holiday destination. Therefore, investors interested in the tourism industry or the spa treatment sector will find offers in this field as well. Zygmunt Berdychowski Chairman of the Economic Forum Programme Council

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Śląskie Voivodeship ()

Silesian Voivodeship is the most industrialized and urbanized region in Poland. More than 4.5 million people live in an area of 12,334 km2, which is 3.9% of Poland’s area. This translates into the country’s record population density of 371 people per square kilometre. The region is adjacent to , Łódź, Świętokrzyskie and Voivodeships, while its southern border is the border between Poland and the with a length of 141 km and the Slovak Republic with a length of 85 km. Sile- sian Voivodeship is one of the most urbanized areas in Central and Eastern Europe, the urban population rate is 77%. Mertopolis GZM (Górnośląsko-Zagłębiowska Metropolia), the first metropoli- tan association established by law in Poland, brings together 41 cities and municipalities, and is inhabited by more than 2 million people. In the region, there are 19 cities with county rights and 17 counties, in the territory of which there are 71 towns with city rights and 96 rural municipalities. Sectoral structure of enterprises Silesian Voivodeship, accounting for 12.3% of Poland’s GDP, ranks second by GDP produced in the country. The region is also a leader in the export of goods. 486,000 national economy entities operate in the voivodeship. ’s undoubted asset is its wealth in natural resources: zinc and lead deposits, methane, natural gas, deposits of marl, limestone, natural aggregate and hard coal. There are also medicinal, thermal and mineral waters there. We should

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emphasize that 27 of the 200 largest Polish companies are based in Silesian Voivodeship. These are tycoons from the energy, mining and construction sectors. The modern business services industry plays an important role, with more than 22,000 employees in about 100 business service centres in the central part of the region. Silesian Voivodeship has also a strong position in the foreign direct investment market. 8.5% of entities with foreign capital operating in Poland are located in Silesia. There has been a noticeable change in the structure of employment in the region. The number of people employed in construction, mining and metal production is getting lower. At the same time, the number of people employed in the services industries has increased. More and more companies from the new technology sector and recognized brands are starting to function in the region. Today, the region is dominated by companies operating in industries such as the automotive, IT and food sectors, as well as tourism. Innovation of the region and regional smart specializations A thorough review of the resources allowed us to diagnose the smart specializations of the region. They included such sectors as health, information technologies or energy. Silesian Voivodeship stands out in comparison to the rest of the country in terms of prevention, treatment and rehabilitation. This has to do with its extensive experience in cre- ating, adapting and absorbing high-tech medical engineering solutions. The high level of information technologies contributes to the economic and social development of the region. It also enables participation in global cooperation networks and creation of trading and management systems related to the so-called smart markets. Energy is one of the key economic sectors of the region. Thanks to the existing infrastructure and high population density, Silesian Voivodeship is an excellent area for testing and implementing innovative solutions. www.economic-forum.pl 5 Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Mazowieckie Voiovodeship ()

It is the largest administrative division of the country in terms of area and population. It is located in the central and eastern part of Poland; it covers an area of 35,558.47 km2, which is 11.4% of the country’s area. The capital of the region is . Sectoral structure of enterprises Masovian Voivodeship is an industrial and agricultural region. It has the largest production potential and the fast- est growing economy in Poland. The industries operating in the region include: transport (automotive, agricultural tractors), fuel (oil refinery), electrotechnical, electronic, machine (machinery and equipment for industry and agricul- ture), chemical (pharmaceutical, cosmetic, plastic), food (fruit and vegetable, meat, sugar, dairy, oils and fats, milling, tobacco, brewing), energy, building materials (construction ceramics, cement), iron metallurgy, metal (tools, weap- ons), precision, paper, textile, clothing, leather and printing. The largest industrial centre is Warsaw, which, together with the surrounding cities, forms the Warsaw Industrial District. Other important industrial centres are Płock, , , Ostrołęka, Ciechanów. Innovation of the region and regional smart specializations In the nationwide “Millennium Index” for 2019, determining the innovation of regions on the basis of five selected

6 www.economic-forum.pl Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation criteria, the Masovian region took the first position (as in the previous year). There are a number of clusters and cluster initiatives in Masovian Voivodeship. The theory and practice of smart city, based on the idea of sustainable development and the use of new technologies in everyday life, is developing there. It combines such assumptions as smart use of the environment and natural resources, modern infrastructure, ensuring a high quality of life, access to modern technologies and education. One of the most important elements of a smart city is transport adapted to the needs of modern society. Alternative forms of transport, ranging from electric cars, the number of which is increasing every year, to individu- alised transport, such as electric scooters and city bikes, are also developing in the cities. Capital expenditures In 2020, a record budget for Masovia, reaching PLN 3.7 billion, has been adopted. PLN 1.2 billion of this sum has been earmarked for investments. Most of the budget has been allocated to construction and modernization of re- gional roads. Masovia is a region with exceptionally high absorption of foreign capital, which has contributed to the relatively rapid adoption in Masovia, and especially in its economic center, of the world standards for organizational culture developed by global companies. The investment attractiveness is also influenced by the high development dynamics of Masovia as well as the associated absorption of capital expenditures.

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Wielkopolskie Voivodeship ( Voivodeship)

Greater Poland Voivodeship is inhabited by 3.2 million people living in the area of 30,000 km2; the region is among the top three Polish regions in terms of GDP. The size of the territory is comparable to that of Brandenburg in , and the population to that of Belgium. Like every region in the EU, we believe that we are at the heart of Europe. But why is it worth investing with us, in Greater Poland? The region can really surprise you... Transport accessibility Since the dawn of history, Greater Poland has been situated at the crossroads of the most important trade routes and transport corridors. Nowadays, the A2 motorway Warsaw - Berlin, which is part of the Trans-European TEN-T net- work, runs through the region,and is supplemented by a road network in the standard of expressways and national roads. The railway network also connects routes of national and international importance - Poznań is directly con- nected with most of the Polish voivodeship cities, but also with Berlin or the Ruhr, and freight transport reaches as far as Rotterdam, Hamburg and distant China. Passenger transport in the region is provided by Koleje Wielkopolskie, owned by the local government, and Krajowe Przewozy Regionalne. Additionally, there is the Poznań Metropolitan Railway, which integrates the Poznań agglomeration railway connections into one system. In Poznań, there is the Ławica International Airport (POZ), which serves approximately 2 million passengers annually. The airport has modern passenger and cargo terminals, runs regular air services, including those to Warsaw, Frankfurt, Munich, London, Oslo, Paris or Copenhagen, and serves many charter destinations on popular tourist routes. Sectoral structure of enterprises Greater Poland is one of the leading regions with the highest investment attractiveness in Poland. Its strengths include the size and quality of the labour market resources, market absorption, transport accessibility, well-developed economic infrastructure and the general level of economic development. The region’s economy is dominated by enti- ties from the SME sector. The voivodeship has a significant share in domestic production in many types of industry, including the production of beverages, textiles, electrical appliances. It is also a major manufacturer of furniture, cloth- ing and food products. The directions of economic development are straight related to the areas of activity defined in smart specializations of the region - “Biomaterials and food production”, “Future interiors”, “Tomorrow’s industry”, “Spe- cialized logistics processes”, “ICT-based development” and “Modern medical technologies”. However, it should not be forgotten that entities with foreign capital also play an important role in the process of building and strengthening the economic potential. Considering the type of business activity, the largest group are entities from the following sectors: trade, repair of motor vehicles, industrial processing, professional, scientific and technical activities, construction and real estate services. There are also sub-zones of 5 Special Economic Zones (SEZ) in Greater Poland Voivodeship. The investment promotion of the region is carried out in cooperation with local governments. Moreover, thanks to the ESF project introducing uniform investor service standards to the Greater Poland municipal, city and county offices, even the smallest units are prepared to professionally support investors. Additionally, the Investors and Exporters Assistance Centre has been operating in the structure of the Marshal’s Office for many years, which is one window for companies, focusing support for their export and investment activities. The centre shares its knowledge and experience free of charge - from the conditions of conducting foreign operations, searching for potential foreign partners, cooperation offers from foreign markets and orders from international organizations, to the possibility of promoting an export offer, or obtaining external financing and securing export transactions. In the centre, a potential investor will obtain comprehensive information on the economic potential of the region, investment incentives offered and available investment locations. Innovation of the region Greater Poland is involved in activities aimed at developing low and zero-emission technologies. The focus is on hydrogen. Entrepreneurs who want to be a part of the global supply chain and the zero-emission economy have sup- port in the Greater Poland. Many investments are planned to develop a hydrogen-based economy. The government of Greater Poland Voivodeship implements key projects promoting the hydrogen ecosystem as a distinctive feature of a modern region, supporting research and innovation in the field of ecological technology. It wants to develop Greater

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Poland and cooperate with the best global companies. The hydrogen economy is a new topic, but this is why it is so fascinating. The regional project ‘’Economy 2050 - H2Wielkopolska’’ will strengthen the competitiveness of SMEs in the international environment by supporting the creation of a regional ecosystem of low and zero-emission economy. The voivodeship will take advantage of the opportunity offered by hydrogen in the world economy by creating an inter- national market for products and services under the H2Wielkopolska brand, to enable the inclusion of Greater Poland’s SMEs in the global supply chain and hydrogen economy. At the same time, by building a support system for high quality B+R+I projects, in particular those developing low and zero-emission technologies, with particular emphasis on hydrogen. In the future, the EU funds will be available for those who will invest in hydrogen in Greater Poland. The team forming the Wielkopolska Hydrogen Platform, which initiates activities aimed at the development of the Greater Poland hydrogen-based economy, works efficiently. There are already 46 companies, scientists and enthusiasts, who see the future in low and zero-emission technologies. Preferential financing and attractive places for investments are prepared for entrepreneurs, and business partners together with a helpful local government are waiting for them.

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Dolnośląskie Voivodeship (Lower Silesian Voivodeship)

Lower Silesia is one of the most industrialized regions of the country. It has a specialized industry structure, and with the historical background of the region, its foundations are mining and energy. The region’s main centre focused on industry and construction is the capital of the region - Wrocław. Other well-developed industrial centres are: Polko- wice, Wałbrzych, Kobierzyce and . The main industries in the region are: electromechanical industry, production of electrical devices, chemical indus- try, ceramics and glass industry, light industry, energy industry and food industry. The machinery and electromechanical industries predominate in Wrocław. Other important industries are: manu- facturing of metals and metal products, food products, textiles and clothing, as well as chemical and plastic products. The machinery and electromechanical industries dominate in other major centres. Statistical data show that enterprises that operate in the services sector are the most numerous in . These enterprises also recruit the highest number of employees. However, statistical data also show that it is the industrial sector that is still the region’s driving force. It cannot be concealed, however, that many enterprises in the industrial sector have foreign capital that benefits from special economic zones. The IT industry is definitely an impor- tant branch within the service sector, which is growing faster and faster in the region every year, especially in Wrocław. Internationalization of the voivodeship’s economy When considering internationalization as a process of regional development, it is necessary to mention its ben- efits. This process is positive in its essence and its aim is multidirectional development, which means that international- ism contributes to a qualitative improvement in the situation.

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The first significant benefit coming from internationalization is the increase in sales of products - this is associ- ated with gaining new markets. The domestic or regional market is somewhat limited, and the absorption capacity is shrinking. Entering foreign markets enables expansion and acquiring new customers, but also imposes on entrepre- neurs the need to increase production. The main market is Germany, which is largely determined by location. Chart: Export countries of Lower Silesia

Source: Own study based on statistical data The second benefit of internationalization is the increased competitiveness of the region. Having business part- ners abroad leads to acquisition of significant knowledge about activities on markets other than the Polish one. In the long run, this allows for bolder expansion into other foreign markets. Thanks to the experience gained in the initial stages of internationalization, entering a new environment becomes much easier, both in terms of formal matters and culture. Thanks to its foreign clients, Lower Silesian Voivodeship can promote itself as a dynamic, flexible region that meets the conditions of cooperation with global potentates. Lower Silesian Voivodeship has been among the top Polish exporters for several years - its share in the national exports amounts to 12%, which places the voivodeship in the third place in the country, next to Silesian and Masovian Voivodeships. The most important branch of industry that exports abroad is the mining industry - 85% of copper, stones, precious metals and articles or products related to these materials are exported abroad. Graph: Percentage share in exports of Lower Silesian Voivodeship by industry

Source: Own study, based on statistical data

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Lower Silesian Voivodeship relies mainly on large companies, some of which are among the 100 largest Polish ex- porters and generate 65% of the whole region’s foreign sales. The companies which are export leaders include KGHM, LG Electronics, Volkswagen, Toyota and Toshiba. There are also micro, small and medium companies. The ratio of ex- ports to production sold provides important information about the significance of export for the regional economy. It shows what part of regional production is “initiated” by foreign demand. In recent years, the ratio has fluctuated between 57 and 62%. Polish regions want to improve their foreign trade. Local authorities see opportunities not only in export to EU countries, but also to Turkey, Mexico, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia and China. The light industry products, ce- ramics and electrical engineering products are dominating in the Lower Silesian foreign trade. This shows that the region has a chance to be equal in quality to the global brands. Lower Silesian Voivodeship must concentrate on internationalisation and promotion in the world. Business support servicesLower Silesian Voivodeship offers several dozen companies and business support institu- tions that support entrepreneurs in the field of: • consulting • legal services • coaching • R&D services • loans • torch funds

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The development of such institutions is key to increasing the attractiveness of the region. Industrial and Technology Parks These are pro-development solutions applied more and more often in the voivodeship, helping to gather repre- sentatives of industries. • Lower Silesian Technology Park “T-Park”

• Nowa Ruda Technology Park

• Bukowice Industrial Park

• Bielawa Industrial Park

• Wrocław Industrial Park

• Industrial Park in Wałbrzych

• KGHM LETIA Industrial Park in Legnica

• Medical Science-Technology Park in Wrocław

• Data Techno Park sp. z o.o.

• Technology Park in Wrocław

• Engine House of Business of the Wrocław Technology Park

• Lower Silesian Innovation and Science Park Dolnośląski Park

• Technology ChemiPark

Special Economic Zones Lower Silesian Voivodeship has supported Special Economic Zones for years. In 2015, entrepreneurs declared an investment outlay of PLN 24.4 billion - the largest share was held by the Wałbrzych Economic Zone and has remained so until today. The Wałbrzych Special Economic Zone and Legnica Special Economic Zone are regional leaders; this situation forces employees to be more mobile. Innovation of the region and regional smart specializations National/Regional Research and Innovation Strategies for Smart Specialization (RIS3), i.e. integrated, locally defined economic transformation agendas. As part of this concept, 6 smart specializations of Lower Silesian Voivodeship have been proposed in the period 2011-2020: 1. chemical, pharmaceutical, biomedical and biotechnological industries 2. spatial and cosmonautical mobility 3. high quality food, food industry 4. natural and secondary raw materials 5. manufacture of machinery and equipment, materials processing, Industry 4.0 6. information and communication technologies (ICT).

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Pomorskie Voivodeship ()

It is the northernmost region of Poland. Today’s Pomeranian Voivodeship covers the area of historical Eastern , most of the Żuławy and Powiśle. It covers an area of 18,310.34 km2. All the regional authorities are located in Gdańsk. Sectoral structure of enterprises The economic potential of the region is based on traditional industries such as shipbuilding, refinery, food, ma- chinery and furniture. High-tech industries - such as IT, electronic or biotechnology are also developing. Traditionally, tourism has been the strength of Pomeranian Voivodeship - according to the Warsaw Institute of Tourism, in 2018, the city of Gdańsk itself was visited by a record number of 3.1 million tourists. The main industry of Pomerania is shipbuilding, which gathers production shipyards, repair facilities and various companies cooperating with shipyards. In regards of the value of the sales revenues, the leading shipbuilding com- pany is the Remontowa Holding capital group, which includes more than twenty companies. In 2018, the Pomeranian Voivodeship increased in the production of buildings sold. The value of construction and assembly production was also higher than in the previous years. At the same time, the productivity in the construc- tion sector was improved in that period, while the average employment in the sector increased. In the Pomeranian Voivodeship, construction and assembly production in the period under analysis amounted to PLN 7,031.9 million (41.6% of the value of the total production of buildings sold) and grew by 31.5% compared to the previous year. The increase in construction and assembly production in Poland was 21.3%. Another strong industry in Pomerania is the refinery industry, represented by the Lotos Capital Group. The group is preparing to build an LNG terminal - a feasibility study of the terminal construction project has been completed. Completion of the construction will strengthen the group’s position on the market of Polish alternative fuels.

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Innovatiion of the region and regional smart specializations In the nationwide “Millennium Index” for 2019, determining the innovation of regions based on five selected crite- ria, Pomeranian Voivodeship took the fourth position. Such a high place resulted from the strongly developed entre- preneurship in the region, a large number of educated employees and a good educational base. In the fourth quarter of 2019, the Patent Office Bulletin published information about 856 inventions submitted for patent. The number of applications from Pomeranian Voivodeship was 45, i.e. 5.2% of all submitted ones. Capital expenditures In 2018, compared to 2017, there was a decrease in the value of capital expenditures incurred by the interviewed companies based in Pomeranian Voivodeship. On an annual basis, both the cost estimate value of the commenced projects and the number of new projects had decreased. In 2018, in Pomeranian Voivodeship, out of the total capital expenditures (made by companies based in the re- gion), PLN 2,775.7 million (7.8% more than the year before) was spent on buildings and structures, PLN 2,505.7 million (decrease by 19.5%) for the purchase of machinery, technical equipment and tools, and PLN 444.6 million (34.5% less then previously) for the purchase of means of transport. Investment purchases reached a value of PLN 2,950.3 million and decreased by 22.2% compared to the previous year, and the share of those purchases in the total capital expen- ditures decreased by 8.5 percent year-on-year. Professional qualifications The inhabitants of Pomeranian Voivodeship are a relatively young society - with the working age population rep- resenting 64.6% and the pre-working age population representing 20.8%. 14.5% of the Pomeranian’s population are in post-working age. This means that both investors and local entrepreneurs have continuous and easy access to human resources. Potential employers can find both specialists with higher education and skilled workers. According to the Regional Data Bank of the Central Statistical Office, 764,000 people are employed Pomerania; most of them work in the private sector. About 11% of the population of the region (approx. 200,000 people) hold a higher education degree.

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Małopolska Voivodeship (Lesser Poland Voivodeship)

Lesser Poland is a land with a strong identity, consciously deriving from its heritage. It has the largest number of monuments in Poland, visited by 15 million tourists every year. Half of the region is under natural protection, includ- ing the Babia Góra and Tatra National Parks (UNESCO Biosphere Reserves). These are places unique in the world, with unique natural values. As many as 14 monuments in Lesser Poland have been entered on the UNESCO list. In 2017, Krakow was ranked second in Europe and eighth in the world among the most attractive cities for international busi- ness services in the prestigious Tholons Services Globalization City Index. Lesser Poland has a unique investment climate - for years it has been at the top of national rankings of investment attractiveness. Innovation of the region and regional smart specializations Lesser Poland is ranked third in Poland in terms of both inventions submitted for patent protection and patents granted, but it is number one in terms of patents granted per million inhabitants (2018). There are almost 600 R&D entities operating in the Lesser Poland region, which is the third best result in the country, but it translates into the second place in terms of population. Moreover, there are about 15 cluster initiatives, including the LifeScience Kraków Cluster and the Sustainable Infrastructure Cluster, which have the status of Key National Clusters. Companies such as ABB, Aptiv, Motorola, CH2MHill or Ericpol have chosen Krakow as the place for the development of their R&D activities. There are technology and industrial parks in Lesser Poland, such as the Krakow Technology Park, which has the status of the Hub of Digital Innovation and also manages the Krakow Special Economic Zone with an area of a thousand hec- tares. In the Lesser Poland business services sector, a dynamic growth of entities and employment is recorded. Krakow, with 238 centres, is the second largest location of this type after Warsaw. It is also a leader in employment - about 90 thousand people work in the local BPO (business process outsourcing), SSC (shared services centres), IT (information technology), R&D (research and development) centres. Additionally, it is characterized by the highest, among the 8 largest locations, share of R&D centres, amounting to 17% (2019).

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Seven Regional Smart Specializations (RIS) for Lesser Poland Voivodeship have been defined by the Regional In- novation Strategy for Lesser Poland Voivodeship for the period 2014-2020: 1. life science, 2. sustainable energy, 3. information and communication technologies, 4. chemistry, 5. manufacture of metals and metal products and of non-metallic mineral products, 6. electrical engineering and machinery industry, 7. creative and leisure industries. Investment inflow The value of foreign direct investments in Lesser Poland Voivodeship in 2017 amounted to USD 1,343.3 million. The outlays incurred by foreign investors were lower than in the previous year; however, they are still in line with the prevailing trend of investment inflow to Lesser Poland in recent years (investments remained above USD 1.1 billion). The total value of foreign capital invested in the voivodeship in the years 1989-2017 reached over USD 23.2 billion. The value of the investments in 2017 per one inhabitant of the voivodeship amounted to USD 396, and the cumulative per capita value of foreign investments in the years 1989-2017 was almost USD 6,841. Export In 2017, the value of revenues from sales abroad achieved by companies with foreign capital operating in Lesser Poland amounted to USD 12.6 billion. The vast majority of that amount were export revenues of enterprises from the industry and construction sectors (USD 9.9 billion). The list of the 10 most important trade partners of the Lesser Poland region includes European countries only. Apart from the largest European economies (Germany, , Great Britain), Lesser Poland products and services are purchased by neighbouring countries, i.e. the Czech Republic, Slova- kia, Hungary and Austria. Exports to almost all these countries are constantly growing. Since the launch of the Brexit procedure, the value of exports to the UK has been falling. Germany remains by far the region’s most important part- ner. Goods and services worth EUR 2.3 billion, which is almost ¼ of the total value of Lesser Poland’s exports, are sent there from the territory of the region. www.economic-forum.pl 17 Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Podkarpackie Voivodeship (Subcarpathian Voivodeship)

Subcarpathian Voivodeship is located in the south-eastern part of Poland, it borders in the East and Slo- vakia in the South. Sectoral structure of enterprises The number of entities - entrepreneurs (natural persons, legal entities and legal entities without corporate status) based in the Subcarpathian region in December 2019 amounted to 181.1 thousand. That number had increased by 3.6% compared to 2018. 173.9 thousand of them were private entities (96%), and 5,3 thousand - public sector entities, the majority of which were educational (46.6%), real estate (16.2%), public administration and national defence (11.8%), health care and social assistance (9.1%) enterprises. In the private sector, 77.5% of entrepreneurs were natural persons engaged in micro-enterprises (99.1%) operating in the following sectors: • Trade and repair of motor vehicles - 23.7% • Construction - 15.1% • Industrial processing - 9.8% • Professional, scientific and technical activities - 9.1% In 2019, the number of entrepreneurs who chose the Subcarpathian region increased by 15,2 thousand (12,7 thou- sand natural persons; 1,5 thousand commercial companies, including 9 companies with foreign capital). The most popular sectors of activity were: • Construction and trade - 3.9 thousand • Repair of motor vehicles - 2.4 thousand • Professional, scientific and technical activities - 1.2 thousand. • Compared to 2018, the number of new companies registered in region decreased by 1,268 (7.7%). Innovation of the region and regional smart specializations The capital of Subcarpathian Voivodeship is Rzeszów – the City of Innovation; therefore, innovative activity should be the main activity area for the Subcarpathian region. As defined by the Central Statistical Office, innovative activities are all scientific, technical, organisational, financial and commercial activities that actually lead or intend to lead to the implementation of innovations. Innovations, on the other hand, consist in introducing something new, new solutions. In 2016-2018, the rate of industrial enterprises that introduced product innovations or business process innova- tions in the Subcarpathian region was 29.0%. On the national level, the same rate in the same period of time was 24.0%. Compared to 2015– 2017, the rate increased by 9.6 percentage points. Smart specializations Regional strengths and resources, scientific and research activities, as well as entrepreneurial potential, determine the development of smart specializations in a region. In the Subcarpathian region, we can list three main specializa- tions, as well identify the areas that can become further smart specializations. These include the chemical, mineral, electronics, robotics and automation sectors. The leading smart specializations of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship are: • Aviation and cosmonautics • Quality of life • Automotive industry

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Aviation and cosmonautics The Aviation Valley, also known by some as “Polish Toulouse” or “Polish Montreal”, which is based in Rzeszów, accord- ing to the British weekly “Flight International” is one of the fastest growing aviation clusters in the world. Subcarpathia produces components, which are then assembled in the most modern passenger aircraft companies. The engines produced by Pratt & Whitney in Rzeszów are installed in Boeing and Airbus aircraft and are also used in the military industry (in F-16 fighters). The local education and higher education system of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship is an undoubted asset for the development of this industrial sector. Rzeszów University of Technology has the Research and Development Laboratory for Aerospace Materials, which is one of the most modern facilities of this type in Europe; in addition, it is there that students can study at the desired Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics. The Aviation Valley’s activities are not limited to the production of aircraft equipment and parts; the aerospace industry is classified as a high-tech sector. Thanks to the development of this sector of industry, the Subcarpathian Voivodeship reached the global standard of development of the high-tech sector. Quality of life The choice of quality of life as the leading specialization of the Subcarpathian region is fully justified. Subcarpathia is famous for its cleanliness and high quality environment. The Bieszczady National Park, part of the Magura Park, and several landscape parks are located in the region. Forests occupy 36% of the entire voivodeship. An additional advan- tage is clean, fertile soil allowing the development of agriculture, including organic farming, which in turn translates into the creation of new jobs. Automotive industry The choice of the automotive industry as a smart specialization of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship has undoubt- edly been influenced by two factors: the growing number of entrepreneurs engaged in this field and the possibility of obtaining adequate education in universities located in Subcarpathia, in particular the Rzeszów University of Technol- ogy. www.economic-forum.pl 19 Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Łódź Voivodeship

Łódź Voivodeship is located in the centre of Poland and covers an area of 18,129 km2. Łódź, the regional capital, is only 130 km from Warsaw. About two and a half million people live in Łódź Voivodeship. The population density is 135 inhabitants per square kilometre. There are 1.64 million working people. The unemployment rate is 6.5%. Apart from Łódź, Piotrków Trybunalski and are the largest urban centres in the region. Transport and Logistics The favourable geographical location of the region makes a dynamic development of the logistics industry possi- ble, thanks to which Łódź Voivodeship is becoming a strong base for the whole country in this field. It should be noted that this region has recorded one of the largest GDP growths in recent years. The economic development is stimulated by the EU funds, obtained under the Regional Operational Programme. Łódź Voivodeship can boast that the EU funds are spent in the most effective way there. One of the largest allocations in the country has been granted, and the sum of money allocated to support entrepreneurship, without the funds for scientific and research units, amounts to nearly EUR 268 million.

Łódź Voivodeship has a great advantage of being located in the direct neighbourhood of the most important continental transport routes. The region is situated at the intersection of two of the nine key European transport cor- ridors of the TEN-T core network: Baltic Sea - Adriatic Sea and North Sea - Baltic Sea. In the first case, these are the CE65 (Gdynia - Gdańsk - Bydgoszcz - Zduńska - ) and E65/CE65 (Gdynia - Gdańsk - Warsaw - Katowice) railway lines, as well as the A1 (Gdańsk - Stryków - Katowice - border with the Czech Republic) and A2 (Stryków - Warsaw sec- tion) motorways. The route creates links between the region and cities such as the Czech cities of Brno and Ostrava, Slovak Bratislava and Žilina, Austrian Vienna and Graz, Slovenian Ljubljana and Koper and Italian Trieste and Venice. The North Sea - Baltic Sea route is led by the E20/CE20 railway line (border with - Warsaw - - Poznań - border with Germany), and the A2 motorway (border with Belarus - Warsaw - Stryków - Poznań - border with Germany). This

20 www.economic-forum.pl Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation guarantees connections to cities such as Lithuanian Vilnius and Kaunas, Latvian Riga and Ventspils, Estonian Tallinn, Finnish Helsinki, German Berlin, Hannover and Hamburg, Dutch Amsterdam and Rotterdam or Belgian Brussels and Antwerp. The voivodeship has an average of 114.2 km of hard surface roads per 100 km2, which is several percent higher than the national average of 97.2 km. The efficient flow of goods is ensured by the developed railway network and regular cargo rail connections, including the one to China, between Łódź and Chengdu. The region›s capital city has an airport where, apart from international passenger flights, there is also a cargo terminal, which in 2014 was ranked second among Polish airports in RFS (Road Feeder Service) transport. The investment potential of the region Nearly 240,000 companies function in the region; most of them are small and medium businesses. More than 97% of all entities are private companies. There are about 1,900 companies with foreign capital. The region’s strength is a strong and growing economy. The key industry for the region is logistics, which is determined by its location. The larg- est logistics center is Stryków, located right at the intersection of the A1 and A2 motorways. Logistics parks operating there include Business Park, Segro Logistic Park Stryków, Tulipan Park Stryków and Panattoni Park Stryków. Piotrków Trybunalski is also an important logistics place. Logistics parks located there are Logistic City Piotrków Distribution Center, P3 Park Piotrków, Logistic Center Kaufland, Regional Distribution Center IKEA or Prologis Park Piotrków. The region is traditionally known for the textile industry, as well as for household appliances, construction materials pro- duction and agri-food processing. Energy industry plays an important role - more than 20% of Poland’s electricity is generated in Bełchatów, the key centre of the industry. The region has become a home for companies from the mod- ern business services sector. Łódź, the capital of the region, is one of the most important Polish centres of external support for companies; this branch employs several thousand people. The region has economic specializations, which have been identified on the basis of the potential of enterprises and scientific achievements. The internal developmental assets encompass significant achievements in the textile and fashion industries, including design. The strong position in the field of advanced building materials is ensured by the extraction and processing of natural mineral resources, the innovative use of polymers or the use of thermoelastic shape memory alloys (TSMA) in construction. Energy infrastructure management and control systems, IT tools to sup- port management and decision-making processes, as well as innovative solutions aimed at improvement of the effi- ciency of generation and use of alternative energy sources are just some of the specializations that have been detailed in the energy sector, including renewable energy sources.

www.economic-forum.pl 21 Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Lublin Voivodeship

Lublin Voivodeship, located in the eastern part of Poland and covering an area of over 25,100 km², borders on Ukraine and Belarus. Sectoral structure of enterprises The economic potential of a voivodeship is shaped by its competitiveness, which is measured by the value of GDP and its share in the national gross value added (GVA). It can be assumed that, based on these criteria, Lublin Voivode- ship is one of the less developed regions. This is due to the unique economic structure: the dominant share of the agricultural sector and its relatively low contribution to the regional GDP. However, there are some areas where Lublin Voivodeship achieves higher results than those envisaged on a national scale. In particular, these include: • agricultural sector; • mining industry (); • in terms of participation and employment - food, beverage, wood, chemical, pharmaceutical, mineral and fur- niture industries; • in terms of the share of employment, development dynamics higher than in the rest of the country, and large flagship enterprises - machinery and automotive industries, as well as the production of other transport equip- ment, mainly in the aviation industry; • market services sector - trade and transport services, as well as warehouse management; • non-market services sector - administration and public security services, education (including higher educa- tion) and healthcare services.

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Foreign Direct Investment Foreign direct investment can be defined as the process of foreign entrepreneurs establishing and conducting business activities in a specific location - a given voivodeship. The more foreign investors decide to operate in a given area, the higher its attractiveness is, including to the residents, since new investments mean new jobs. In 2017, 426 entities with foreign capital were registered in Lublin Voivodeship, with a total capital of PLN 1.8 billion. A total of 26.2 thousand people were employed in those entities. Nearly 70% of foreign entrepreneurs operate as micro-compa- nies (employing up to 9 persons). The largest share of foreign capital came from Dutch, Luxembourg and American companies. The cities of Lublin and Zamość received the highest assessment of investment attractiveness in Lublin Voivodeship. 24 out of 426 entities with foreign capital were enterprises employing 250 and more persons. Among them, it is necessary to mention one of the largest investments – that of AgustaWestland, located in Świdnik near Lublin. The company, operating in the aviation industry in the years 2007-2015, invested PLN 98 million, which was allocated to the development of infrastructure needed for the construction of helicopters. Other foreign companies that invested in Lublin Voivodeship in the period 2007-2015 are: • Aliplast (Belgium) • Caterpillar (USA) • Fortaco (Finland) • TSUBAKI-HOOVER (USA, Japan) • AluTeam” (Germany) • Nicols and Materne (France) • Permedia (Czech Republic) • Vita Polymers (UK) • Multivac Sp. z o. o. (Germany)

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Innovation of the region and regional smart specializations In the period 2016-2018, in Lublin Voivodeship, 48.2% of all entrepreneurs were introducing product innovations or innovative business processes. Over half of them (50.5%) were private entrepreneurs. Four areas of smart specialization can be distinguished in Lublin Voivodship: • bio-based economy • medicine and health • low carbon energy • IT and automation Bioeconomy is a key smart specialization of Lublin Voivodeship and includes plant and animal production, as well as feed production and agri-food processing. It also encompasses the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, RES (in the form of biorefineries and biofuels), public health, and ecobusiness, i.e. environmental industry and services. Medicine and health is a complementary smart specialization which includes biotechnology and medical nano- technology as well as personalized pharmacotherapy. Low-emission energy is an emerging smart specialization covering bioenergy, photonics, nanoelectronics, clean fossil technologies, prosumer energy, smart energy systems and RES. Information technology and automation, where mechatronics, smart buildings, control systems, industrial automation and mobile applications are technologies sup- porting the area of innovation​​ development.

24 www.economic-forum.pl Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

www.economic-forum.pl 25 Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Our Partners on the way to success on foreign markets

Maspex Maspex is one of the largest food producers in Central and Eastern Europe with a leadership position in many market segments. The company’s portfo- lio includes brands such as: Tymbark, Kubuś, Lubella, Łowicz, Krakus, Kotlin, Puchatek, Ekland, DecoMorreno, Cremona, La Festa and Plusssz. The Maspex Group has completed 19 acquisitions, and the company’s products are ex- ported to over 60 countries. The revenue from sales in 2019 amounted to over PLN 5.08 billion, of which 1/3 was foreign sales. Maspex products are created in 15 modern plants in Poland and abroad. Annually, the company manufactures 1.7 billion litres of juices, nectars and soft drinks, 230 thousand tons of pastas, cereal and instant products, and 140 thousand tons of jams and preserves.

Owoc Łącki “Owoc Łącki” Nowy Sącz Group of Produce Growers has 90 shareholders; the common acreage of the group has been increased - it now amounts to ap- prox. 400 ha of orchards. In our work, we try to combine the tradition, knowl- edge and craft of fruit growers with modernity and professionalism. In the process of production, we use the latest equipment and technologies, which are used both in work in orchards and in the process of storage and sorting. The “Owoc Łącki” Group has full control over the fruits and thus offers consum- ers the highest quality product. Our apples and pears in a full range of varieties and the juices produced from them have been appreciated by consumers for years.

Makarony Polskie Makarony Polskie is one of the biggest pasta producers in Poland offering a wide variety of pasta, extruded and rolled, manufactured with or without eggs, from finest durum and regular wheat. Manufacturing processes are based on modern production lines, and the implemented standards guarantee the highest quality and microbiological purity of the products. The Company also produces pasta from alternative grains (spelt, buckwheat, rye) and BIO pastas. The company has been listed on the on Warsaw Stock Exchange since 2007. www.makarony.pl

26 www.economic-forum.pl Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Uzdrowisko Krynica-Żegiestów Uzdrowisko Krynica-Żegiestów S.A. (Health Resort Krynica-Żegiestów) means 225 years of spa treatment tradition. The Company has accommodation facili- ties in the heart of the resort, in standard and deluxe rooms, offering sanato- rium stays, wellness holidays, rehabilitation and commercial stays. In the “Pi- jalnia Główna” building, the Company has high-quality acoustic, lighting and multimedia equipment that meets the artistic and conference requirements, as well as space for organizing both cultural events and business and congress meetings. Moreover, the health resort has over210 years of experience in the production of natural mineral water “Kryniczanka” and medicinal waters: Jan, Słotwinka and Zuber. More on www.kryniczanka.pl

Park M Park - M has been operating on the market for 25 years, providing services in the landscaping and green area development sectors. Park M employs near- ly 500 people in 6 specialized divisions, it has over 45 hectares available for plant production and operates in more than 9 foreign markets. It has already completed over 2,000 projects all over Poland. The dynamic development of the company is confirmed by this year’s Forbes Diamonds Award 2020. The company’s professionalism has been honoured with many awards, including the CEMEX Building Award in Mexico for the creation of ’s Wrocław Boulevards - a project which was awarded in two categories: Univer- sal Accessibility and Collective Space.

Maurer Maurer Juice Extraction Plant specializes in production of natural fruit and vegetable juices. Our products can be ideally characterized by the following four basic features: • health - as the juice is pressed, all valuable nutrients of the fruit go directly to the bottles • nature - we do not add any sugar, water or preservatives tradition - the manufacturing method passed in our family is rooted in tradition • taste - the fruits used for our juices come largely from the Łącko region, from ecological farms and from farms complying with the IPO system. Since recently our offer also includes distillates and fruit wines produced in the process of natural fermentation of ecological fruit must without addition of sulphites or chemicals.

www.economic-forum.pl 27 Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Fakro FAKRO company is the vice-leader of the global roof window market. This innovative company with its own research and development center has de- veloped over 180 patent applications, setting new development directions for the roof window industry in the world. The FAKRO Group, employing over 4000 people, consists of 11 production and 17 distribution companies located in Europe, Asia and America. FAKRO roof windows are exported to over 50 countries of the world.

Seedia SEEDiA is a team of brave people, including engineers, for whom ecology is not just a word. We are passionate about renewable energy sources, including photovoltaics. At SEEDiA, we create products that store solar energy. Thanks to these solutions, consumers can charge mobile devices and have access to the Internet. The use of innovative technology contributes to a decrease in the use of electricity, and thus reduces CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. The products are equipped with photovoltaic panels, chargers for mobile devices, e-paper screens with the possibility of remote management of the content displayed on them, speakers and LED lighting. The devices also have built-in controllers, a smog sensor that helps to monitor the degree of air pollution, as well as internal sensors that monitor the condition of the device. In 2020, based on our technology, we designed a special line of smart solar hand sani- tizers for public spaces, but also for offices and shopping malls. Autonomous, remotely managed, non-contact - that is what the technologies of the future will be - the sanitizers will also be equipped with large, non-contact e-paper screens and audio modules thanks to which everyone will learn about the way to proceed and about the challenges in the cities.

Newag Newag is a modern company that effectively combines cutting edge technol- ogy with traditions dating back to 1876. As one of the oldest railway compa- nies in Poland, NEWAG S.A. has many years of experience in manufacturing and modernizing rolling stock. NEWAG S.A is a leading Polish manufacturer of electric and diesel passenger vehicles, electric and diesel locomotives as well as underground trains and trams. We successfully deliver our products to Polish and foreign clients. Our vehicles support railway connections, transporting passengers in several voivodeships in Poland.

28 www.economic-forum.pl Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

Trapeze Trapeze Poland is part of the international Trapeze group, which has over 50 years of experience in the field of IT for public transport. As an industry leader, it provides innovative products and solutions in the field of human resources and vehicle planning, operational control, passenger information, ticketing solutions, as well as depot and fleet management. The implemented systems help public and private organizations around the world by increasing efficien- cy, increasing satisfaction, safety and punctuality in passenger transport. The company was the first in the world to introduce an autonomous vehicle to regular public transport. Trapeze Poland’s innovation can be demonstrated by the projects of implementation of the first dynamic passenger information system in Poland, the first comprehensive ITCS in Poland and the first public transport line serviced by an autonomous bus in Poland.

Evertop Evertop is a dynamically developing IT company which has been on the mar- ket since 2014. We develop internet portals, mobile and desktop applications as well as integrated systems, mostly dedicated, both for the private and pub- lic sectors. So far we have finished successfully more than 100 IT projects. Our team consists of 50 people, basically IT engineers. We run projects from the very beginning, which is analysis, through implementation, testing, develop- ment and servicing. We also offer outsourcing and consulting services in the field of IT.

T4B T-Master Sp. z o.o. creates IT systems and designs its own structural and elec- tronic solutions called smart waste containers for separate waste collection at multi-family and single family housing estates. The devices weigh and register the waste divided into fractions, thus allowing for control of the fulfilment of the segregation obligation by residents of a given city and housing estate. An IT system has been developed which analyses the collected waste and gen- erates the so-called “waste map” in the city, with a possibility to pre-view the current mass of waste generated in the municipality and the accomplished level of segregation. The Individual Waste Segregation System T-Master is the first solution in Europe that selectively assigns the quantity and the quality of waste to every household.

Sądecki Bartnik The “Sądecki Bartnik” company is the life’s work of Anna and Janusz Kasztele- wicz. The fruit of their passion, fascination with bees’ lives and professional aspirations. The family company was founded in 1973 in Stróże near Grybów. It buys and sells all varieties of honey and other beekeeping products, articles for apiary production and professional publications. The Company’s offer is supplemented by the Beekeeping Museum which is rich in collectibles, and its own catering and hotel base. The company is one of the top domestic honey producers. The “Sądecki Bartnik” brand is recognized in all major European Un- ion countries, but also outside this region and even outside our continent.

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Simed SIMED is a professional manufacturer of medical products including furniture, furnishings, accessories, devices and equipment. For over 20 years, we have designed, developed and supplied medical equipment which contributes to improving the health of thousands of patients every day, both in Poland and across Europe. We are pleased to be able to participate in saving lives and improving the health of patients all over the world! Our products allow for precise and effective procedures, contribute to relaxed and peaceful rehabili- tation, and support medical professionals in diagnostic procedures. All that is thanks to well-developed designs, high-end materials, and functionalities not found in standard medical products.

Budimex For over 50 years, Budimex has been implementing construction contracts in Poland and in the world. It combines tradition and modernity, the Polish technical thought of engineers working on numerous projects, and the in- ternational experience and know-how of the Ferrovial Group. We operate in the construction sector, which strongly affects the society and the natu- ral environment. Budimex is a general contractor in the field of road, rail and airport infrastructure ,as well as enclosed structures, energy, industrial and environmental construction. The scope of the Budimex Group’s business ac- tivity includes: implementation of projects in the general contracting system in Poland and abroad, property development, property management, design services and facility management. Budimex S.A. is the parent company in the Budimex Group. Since 1995, it has been listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Since 2011, Budimex has continuously been part of the RESPECT Index - a stock exchange index of companies operating in compliance with the highest standards of corporate social responsibility.

Adamed Adamed is an international pharmaceutical and biotechnology company manufacturing more than 500 products offered to patients in dozens of coun- tries around the world. It operates in Spain, , the Czech Republic, Viet- nam, Italy, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan as well as and Ukraine. The com- pany employs 2200 people. For over 19 years, Adamed has invested nearly EUR 280 million in R&D. It’s intellectual property is protected by about 200 patents. The key to company’s success is the highest quality of products. Ad- amed factories in Poland are equipped with state-of-the-art production lines. The EU GMP standards are strictly observed in the production process, ensur- ing complete safety.

30 www.economic-forum.pl Business and Local Government, Finance, Economy, Innovation

GRAND Andrzej Grygiel The Grand Company offers: • car parking machines GVP (Grand Vertical Parking), • CNC metalworking, • general contracting for construction projects, • tourism, catering, hotel industry - GRAND CHOTOWA HOTEL***SPA&RESORT https://grandchotowa.pl/, • stainless steel pools, • production of machine parts, including parts for rolling stock and industry, • production of municipal infrastructure using photovoltaics - “GRANDSOL” http://www.grandsol.pl/.

Polpharma Polpharma Group is the largest Polish manufacturer of medicines and one of the leading pharmaceutical companies in Central and Eastern Europe. Almost 50% of its revenues comes from international operations. Polpharma’s drugs are present on 35 markets and active pharmaceutical ingredients - on over 60. Together with strategic partners, the company has 7 production plants in Poland, Russia and Kazakhstan, and 5 research and development centers. Polpharma is the leader of innovation and the largest investor in the Polish pharmaceutical sector. In 2018, it invested over PLN 500 million into develop- ment of new products and modern production and laboratory infrastructure.

SIMED Construction SIMED CONSTRUCTION Professional design, production and export of a vari- ety of steel structure products for individual, factory and government project uses. We design, manufacture and export steel structures to more than 60 countries on 6 continents and have been doing so for more than 10 years. Our goal is not only to provide high quality steel structures with surface sand- blasting, coating paint and/or hot dipped galvanization, but also to maintain a personalized and professional relationship with each customer. No matter how big or small your requirements are, we will do our best to meet your demands. Our sales group has extensive steel structure expertise, as well as sound market knowledge and resources to help you make well-informed pur- chasing decisions.

ABC Energia A company from the renewable energy sector based in Łódź. The company provides comprehensive services in the field of renewable energy installations and energy management.

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InPhoTech InPhoTech is a high profile company of advanced technologies which develops mod- ern optical fibre solutions and implements them in industry. InPhoTech’s unique Pol- ish special optical fibre technology provides a flexible approach to solving the chal- lenges faced by industry. This provides industry with an increased level of safety and efficiency, while enabling a rapid increase in productivity and competitiveness. The sectors to which InPhoTech solutions are addressed include: telecommunications, medicine, mining, oil and gas, defence, railway and many others.

Polfa Tarchomin Polfa Tarchomin is one of the most experienced pharmaceutical companies in Eu- rope. We are the leader in the anti-infectives market in Poland. The company also holds a significant market position in the category of insulins, CNS drugs and der- matological drugs. We provide over a hundred medicinal products. All of them are available in a range of forms and sizes to ensure optimal treatment and minimal side effects experienced by the patient. Our core business is prescription drugs segment.

Esri Polska Esri Polska is the only authorized distributor of ArcGIS software by Esri Inc., USA - the world leader developer of geographical information systems software (GIS). Esri Pol- ska’s activities include consulting, services in the design and development of systems and applications for spatial visualization and data analysis, distribution and mainte- nance of software and also specialized training courses. Esri solutions are currently used by approximately 350,000 companies around the world, which create approxi- mately 150 million new maps every day. They are used not only by specialists and analysts, but increasingly by marketing and sales employees and decision makers who need constant access to clear and understandable analysis.

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Instytut Studiów Wschodnich, ul. Solec 85, 00-382 Warszawa, tel.: +48 22 583 11 00, fax: + 48 22 583 11 50, e-mail: [email protected], www.eks-krakow.pl