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Englewood Springs Botanical Area Management Strategy January 2011

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Englewood Springs Botanical Area Management Strategy January 2011 Black Hills National Forest Northern Hills Ranger District Spearfish, South Dakota Englewood Springs Botanical Area Management Strategy January 2011 Black Hills National Forest Northern Hills Ranger District Contents 1 Purpose of this Management Strategy ............................................................................................. 3 2 Location and Surrounding Land Management ............................................................................. 3 3 Applicable Regulations and Forest Plan Direction ..................................................................... 5 4 Designation History ................................................................................................................................ 5 5 Site Description......................................................................................................................................... 6 5.1 Historic and Current Land Uses ......................................................................................................... 6 5.2 Climate ......................................................................................................................................................... 7 5.3 Geology......................................................................................................................................................... 7 5.4 Soils ............................................................................................................................................................... 8 6 Botanical Values ....................................................................................................................................... 9 6.1 Uncommon Habitats and Vegetation Types .................................................................................. 9 6.1.1 Springhead Habitat ............................................................................................................................................ 11 6.1.2 Picea glauca (White Spruce) Alluvial Black Hills Forest .................................................................... 13 6.1.3 Picea glauca/Linnaea borealis (White Spruce/Twinflower) Forest ............................................. 14 6.2 Secondary Habitats .............................................................................................................................. 16 6.2.1 Grass Meadow...................................................................................................................................................... 16 6.2.2 Pinus ponderosa (Ponderosa Pine)/Juniperus communis (Common Juniper) Forest ............. 17 6.3 Hydrologic Resources ......................................................................................................................... 18 6.3.1 Ground Water Resources ................................................................................................................................ 19 6.3.2 Primary Hydrologic Resources ..................................................................................................................... 20 6.3.3 Secondary Hydrologic Resources ................................................................................................................ 21 6.4 Rare Plant Populations ....................................................................................................................... 23 6.4.1 Astragalus americanus ..................................................................................................................................... 25 6.4.2 Calypso bulbosa var. americana .................................................................................................................... 26 6.4.3 Carex capillaris .................................................................................................................................................... 27 6.4.4 Carex leptalea ....................................................................................................................................................... 28 6.4.5 Corallorhiza trifida ............................................................................................................................................. 28 6.4.6 Cypripedium parviflorum ................................................................................................................................. 29 6.4.7 Listera convallarioides ...................................................................................................................................... 29 6.4.8 Moneses uniflora.................................................................................................................................................. 31 6.4.9 Orobanche uniflora ............................................................................................................................................. 32 6.4.10 Platanthera dilatata var. dilatata ................................................................................................................ 33 6.4.11 Vaccinium membranaceum ............................................................................................................................. 33 6.5 Unusual Plant Assemblages and High Species Diversity ....................................................... 34 6.5.1 Orchid Diversity .................................................................................................................................................. 34 6.5.2 Sedge Diversity .................................................................................................................................................... 35 6.5.3 Vascular Plant Diversity .................................................................................................................................. 35 6.5.4 Fungal, Moss, Lichen, and Liverwort Diversity ...................................................................................... 36 Englewood Springs Botanical Area Management Strategy 1 Black Hills National Forest Northern Hills Ranger District 6.6 Other Contributing Values ................................................................................................................. 37 6.6.1 Ecological and Research Significance ........................................................................................................ 37 7 Desired Conditions ............................................................................................................................... 38 7.1 Purpose of Desired Conditions ........................................................................................................ 38 7.2 Desired Conditions for Englewood Springs Botanical Area ................................................. 38 8 Management Recommendations .................................................................................................... 39 8.1 Forest Management ............................................................................................................................. 39 8.2 Rangeland Management ..................................................................................................................... 40 8.3 Noxious Weeds ...................................................................................................................................... 40 8.4 Recreation ................................................................................................................................................ 41 8.5 Fire and Fuels ......................................................................................................................................... 41 8.6 Water Resources ................................................................................................................................... 41 8.7 Mineral Resources ................................................................................................................................ 41 8.8 Revegetation ........................................................................................................................................... 42 8.9 Transportation ....................................................................................................................................... 42 9 Management Objectives and Monitoring Plan ........................................................................... 42 9.1 Management Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 42 9.2 Monitoring ............................................................................................................................................... 44 10 Literature Cited ...................................................................................................................................... 47 Appendix A: Forest Plan Direction Relevant to Englewood Springs Botanical Area Appendix B: Monitoring Protocols Figures Figure 1. Area map of Englewood Springs Botanical Area ................................................................. 4 Figure 2. Area map of ESBA showing roads and land ownership .................................................... 4 Figure 3. Climate diagram for Lead, SD ...................................................................................................... 7 Figure 4. Geologic map of ESBA and vicinity showing mapped springs.......................................
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