Logic‡ Pro 9 Power!: The Comprehensive Guide

Kevin Anker and Orren Merton

Course Technology PTR A part of Cengage Learning

Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Logic‡ Pro 9 Power!: † 2011 Course Technology, a part of Cengage Learning. The Comprehensive Guide ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may Kevin Anker and Orren Merton be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, Publisher and General Manager, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information Course Technology PTR: storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the Stacy L. Hiquet 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the Associate Director of Marketing: publisher. Sarah Panella

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Printed in the United States of America 1234567121110 Orren Merton wishes to dedicate this book to composers, musicians, and musical hobbyists everywhere who are using Logic to express their creativity. Kevin Anker dedicates this book to the growing Logic community, those who are just getting their feet wet, and those who have been at it for the last 20+ years. I also dedicate this book to Julli, Taylor, Mom, Dad, my late grandparents, and the rest of my family who have supported me from day one. Acknowledgments

Orren Merton: 9 is arguably the best and most complete version of Logic ever, which meant we had our work cut out for us! Thank God for co-writer Kevin Anker. He really took this project by the horns, and this revision would not be half of the book that it is without Kevin’s writing and organizing skills! As ever, I couldn’t do anything without the unwavering support of my wife, Michelle, my mother, and in the recent past, my late father, grandfather, and grandmother. I would also like to thank Dr. Gerhard Lengeling, Manfred Knauff, Marion Freudenthaler, Thorsten Adam, Jan Hennerk-Helms, and everyone at Apple GmbH, both for their part in creating and developing that assists so many of us to realize our musical creativity and for their part in including me in the processes! Further, I would like to thank the entire Logic FirstClass Community (you know who you are!) for their insight and assistance on my own journey into this program. I want to give a special shout out to Jay Asher, who not only serves as a friend and a sounding board, but who, as technical editor for this book, kept both Kevin and me on track! Finally, the Course Technology PTR team, of which I am proud to call myself a member, has been exceptional, supporting me in every way I could have hoped all the way through this process. I would especially like to tip my hat to Mark Garvey for always giving me enough rope to hang myself but making sure I never do, and to Cathleen Small, our project and copy editor who keeps the trains (and the text) running! Kevin Anker: The day I got the email from Orren telling me that Logic Pro 9 had been released, I was out of the country, out of the loop, and (marginally) out of my mind. Long story that involves a lot of really bad meals interspersed with a few of the finest meals I’ve had the pleasure of enjoying, but rest assured the news of Logic Pro 9 snapped me back to reality as we began to discuss the new features and our plans for the revision. You can’t work on a project that covers an application as deep as Logic without expert assistance, and as far as Logic goes, Orren is truly an expert. It seems that over the last two revisions of this book, I’ve learned new ideas about and new approaches to Logic from Orren with each chapter. He’s as much my teacher as he is my co-writer in that regard, and I’m truly grateful for all the knowledge he’s shared. To spend your days writing books and your nights working gigs, you need a very special and incredibly patient support system. I can’t thank my wife, Julli, and daughter, Taylor, enough for all the love and patience they offer me. You guys rock. My parents have always been in my corner, and I simply can’t thank them enough. My sister and my in-laws are the greatest, and who can’t love a mother-in-law who’s okay with her daughter marrying a musician? I am blessed to have such a wonderful family.

iv Acknowledgments v

I have also been fortunate to have the guidance, friendship, and support of a few experts in Logic and other related applications. My brother, Sean Anker, lent his experience and expertise to my understanding of video with this project, and to my understanding of computers in general since we first started programming in BASIC on an Apple II+ more than 30 years ago. He is the geek I always aspired to be. Eddie Al-Shakarchi has not only helped me check various quirks in Logic on a regular basis, but has also helped me to blow off a lot of steam via Instant Messenger from day one—I hope to return the favor as he finishes his Ph.D. I also have to acknowledge the community that has been my extended family for more years that I can recall, particularly Marc Schonbrun, Jeff Jones, Harvey Cook, Lester Johnson, Glenn Hopkins, Tad Robinson, Steve Gomes, David Earl and the entire Severn Records crew, Benjie Porecki (that espresso machine got me through the last few chapters!), Robb Stupka, Earmon Hubbard, Adam Jay Southerland, my late mentors Tony Jessup and Claude Sifferlen, and countless others who have worked with me, taught me, mentored me, and have accepted me into the brotherhood. Finally, I have to thank my editors. Cathleen Small, who, through two and a half books, has proven herself to keep stranger hours than this professional musician does. That’s a true testa- ment to your dedication, and I thank you for all your help making this project better! Jay Asher, thanks so much for your insights. This was a particularly strange revision since Logic was updated midway through the revision, and you caught a lot of important changes and made the book much better as a result. About the Authors

Orren Merton, co-author of Logic Pro 8 Power! and Logic 7 Ignite!, and author of Logic 6 Power!, GarageBand Ignite!, and Guitar Rig 2 Power! has been a computer musician since his days at U.C. Berkeley in 1988. He has been consulting and writing in the professional audio field for more than 10 years. He has done technical writing and editing for many software and hard- ware pro music–related companies, such as PSPaudioware, Redmatica, THD Electronics, Emagic, and Apple. He writes for numerous pro audio magazines, such as Electronic Musician, Gearwire, Virtual , and MIX. Orren has a master’s degree in English from California State University, Long Beach. When he isn’t working on his own musical projects, such as Ember After, he helps moderate online Logic users forums, such as the Logic User Group, an online community of more than 23,000 Logic users, as well as Mac OS X Audio, along with co-author Kevin Anker. Orren beta tests for a number of audio software companies. He lives in Orange County, California, and can be reached at [email protected]. Kevin Anker, co-author of Logic Pro 8 Power! and author of Using Logic Pro’s Synthesizers, is a longtime professional musician with more than 15 years of experience in computer-based music production. He has performed, composed, sequenced, engineered, and recorded for a variety of individuals and groups both nationally and internationally. Kevin has been a Logic user since 2002 and is currently an administrator and moderator of www.macosxaudio.com, a large and active online community focused on music production on Mac OS X, which Orren also admin- istrates. Kevin can be reached at [email protected].

vi Contents

Introduction ...... xiii

Chapter 1 Introducing Logic Pro 9 1 What Is Logic Pro? ...... 1 A Brief Overview of MIDI ...... 5 A Brief Overview of Digital Audio ...... 10 Audio and MIDI in Logic Pro...... 13 A Brief Primer on Hardware...... 14

Chapter 2 A Quick Tour of Logic Pro 19 Terminology in Logic ...... 19 The Arrange Window ...... 20 The Mixer ...... 22 The Audio Bin...... 22 The Sample Editor ...... 23 The Event List ...... 23 The Piano Roll Editor ...... 25 The Hyper Editor ...... 25 The Score Editor ...... 27 The Loop Browser ...... 27 The Browser ...... 28 The Library ...... 28 The Marker, Tempo, and Signature Lists...... 30 The Environment ...... 30 The Transform Window ...... 33 The Key Commands Window...... 34 Right Mouse Button Preferences ...... 35

vii viii Logic Pro 9 Power!: The Comprehensive Guide

Screensets ...... 36 Switching between 32- and 64-Bit Modes ...... 37

Chapter 3 The Logic Project 43 Visualizing Your Workspace ...... 44 Creating Your Template ...... 45 Setting Up Your Arrange Window ...... 60 Setting Up Screensets ...... 67 Defining Key Commands ...... 68 Setting Up Your Hardware...... 72 Saving Your Template ...... 84

Chapter 4 Global Elements of Logic 87 The Global Menus ...... 88 Global Tracks ...... 101

Chapter 5 Transport Controls and Recording 133 The Transport Buttons ...... 133 Mode Buttons ...... 135 The Positions Display ...... 140 Locators ...... 142 The Tempo/Project End Display...... 142 The Signature/Division Display ...... 143 The MIDI Activity Display ...... 143 The Load Meters...... 144 The Transport Display Menu ...... 145 The Master Level Slider ...... 146 Customizing the Transport...... 147 Hiding the Transport ...... 149 Opening the Transport Window ...... 150 Resizing the Transport Window...... 150 Recording ...... 150 The Play Button Shortcut Menu ...... 167 The Stop Button Shortcut Menu...... 168 Using Varispeed ...... 169 Contents ix

Chapter 6 The Arrange Window 171 An Overview of the Arrange Window ...... 171 Local Menus ...... 175 Track Classes ...... 199 Adding Tracks to the Arrange Window Track List ...... 202 Track Parameters ...... 203 The Arrange Channel Strips ...... 208 Configuring the Track Header ...... 208 Track Icons ...... 213 Hide Tracks...... 214 Freezing Tracks...... 215 Cycle Mode...... 218 Looping Regions in the Arrange...... 220 Creating Regions...... 223 Editing in the Arrange Window ...... 223 Using Flex Time ...... 244 Adding Files to the Arrange Window ...... 260 Bouncing in Place ...... 260 Other Transient-Related Functions in the Arrange ...... 264 Automation...... 269 Caps Lock Keyboard...... 270

Chapter 7 Working with Audio and Apple Loops 273 Types of Channel Strips ...... 273 Channel Strip Components...... 275 The Audio Bin...... 279 The Sample Editor ...... 297 Audio Fades and Crossfades...... 325 Apple Loops ...... 327

Chapter 8 Working with MIDI 339 MIDI Editors and MIDI Regions ...... 339 The Piano Roll Editor ...... 340 The Event List ...... 357 The Hyper Editor ...... 365 x Logic Pro 9 Power!: The Comprehensive Guide

The Score Editor ...... 377 The Transform Window ...... 407

Chapter 9 Working with Software Instruments 417 Logic and Software Instruments...... 418 Accessing Logic Software Instruments ...... 419 Installing and Accessing Non-Logic Software Instruments ...... 420 Plug-In Window Controls...... 423 Software Instruments and the Environment...... 426 Using Multi-Output Software Instruments...... 426 Using Multitimbral Software Instruments ...... 431 Using ReWire 2 Instruments...... 432 Using QuickTime Instruments ...... 435

Chapter 10 Using Automation in Logic 437 Types of Automation ...... 437 Using Track-Based Automation ...... 438 Manipulating Automation Data...... 443 Deleting and Converting Automation Data ...... 449 Automation Quick Access ...... 451

Chapter 11 Mixing in Logic 453 Mixer or Mixer Layer? ...... 453 The Mixer Local Menus ...... 457 Mixer Buttons...... 463 Recording Audio from the Mixer ...... 464 Basic Mixing: Summing Volume and Panorama ...... 466 Bussing Tracks in Logic ...... 471 Using Effects ...... 479 Logic Nodes—Distributed Audio Processing ...... 498 Muting Channels ...... 501 Soloing Channels ...... 502 Mixer Groups ...... 505 Bouncing Your Mix ...... 509 Contents xi

Surround Mixing ...... 520 Mixing Using Control Surfaces...... 528

Chapter 12 Working with Files and Networks 531 Creating New Projects ...... 531 Saving Logic Projects ...... 533 Configuring Logic’s Startup Action ...... 535 The Project Menu ...... 537 The Project Settings Menu ...... 539 Opening or Importing Projects and Files ...... 539 Exporting Files from Logic ...... 545 Sharing and Backing Up Logic Settings ...... 551

Chapter 13 The Environment 555 Understanding the Environment...... 555 Environment Local Menus ...... 556 Environment Window Buttons...... 566 Environment Objects ...... 566 Cabling Environment Objects ...... 585 Environment Layers ...... 586 Building Your Own Environments ...... 587

Chapter 14 Advanced Tempo Operations 589 The Tempo Display...... 590 Recording and Editing Tempo ...... 590 Matching the Project Tempo to an Audio Region ...... 601 Using Beat Detection to Adjust the Project Tempo ...... 602 Working with Tempo Data in Audio Files ...... 604

Chapter 15 Synchronizing Hardware with Logic Pro 607 The Synchronization Window ...... 607 The Sync Button Menu ...... 616 Switching On External Synchronization ...... 617 Bar Ruler to Time Ruler ...... 618 xii Logic Pro 9 Power!: The Comprehensive Guide

Chapter 16 Working with Video 621 Opening Movies ...... 621 Movie Options ...... 623 Movie Scene Markers ...... 624 Video Project Settings ...... 625 Video Preferences ...... 626 Importing Audio from a QuickTime Movie...... 627 Exporting Audio to a QuickTime Movie ...... 627

Appendix: Utilities 631 Apple Loops Utility...... 631 ...... 631 Impulse Response Utility ...... 633 MainStage 2 ...... 634 3 ...... 634 WaveBurner ...... 635

Index 637 Introduction

If you’ve gotten this far into the book, you’ve already figured out that this book deals with Apple’s Logic Pro 9 digital audio sequencer. This book takes a different angle than most others. In general, the books written about Logic tend to be geared toward beginners and consist of a few hundred of incredibly basic information. If not, they are geared towa