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Logic Express 7 Reference Manual

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Logic Express 7 Reference Manual Logic Express 7 Reference Manual Apple Computer, Inc. © 2004 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or in part, without the written consent of Apple. Your rights to the software are governed by the accompanying software licence agreement. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple Computer, Inc. is not responsible for printing or clerical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014-2084 408-996-1010 www.apple.com Apple, the Apple logo, Aqua, Final Cut, Final Cut Pro, FireWire, iBook, iMac, iPod, iTunes, Logic, Mac, Macintosh, Mac OS, PowerBook, Power Mac, Power Macintosh, and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. Finder and GarageBand are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. AppleCare is a service mark of Apple Computer, Inc. Helvetica is a registered trademark of Heidelberger Druckmaschinen AG, available from Linotype Library GmbH. Other company and product names mentioned herein are trademarks of their respective companies. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. 1 Contents Preface 9 Logic Reference 9 What Is Logic? 10 About This Manual Chapter 1 13 Using Logic 13 Using the Mouse 14 Input Options 16 Tools and the Toolbox 21 Window Functions 32 Edit Operations 33 Selection Techniques 35 General Functions of the Editors 36 Key Commands 44 Step Input 49 Caps Lock Keyboard 51 Song Administration 60 Standard MIDI Files 62 Apple Loops 67 GarageBand File Import 68 ReCycle Import 70 OPEN TL Import 70 Bouncing and POW-r Dithering Chapter 2 73 Transport 73 The Transport Window 82 The Bar Ruler 84 Cycle Mode 86 Recording 89 Chase Events Chapter 3 91 Arrange Window 91 Overview 92 Tracks 100 Arrange Channel Strip 3 101 MIDI Instruments 107 MIDI Regions 116 MIDI Region Playback Parameters 120 Quantization 122 Folders 124 Aliases 127 Time and Key Signature Editor 128 Altering the Display 132 Reset Functions Chapter 4 133 Audio in the Arrange Window 133 Regions 141 Audio Recording 145 Functions 148 Freeze Chapter 5 153 The Environment 153 Environment—Introduction 154 Basic Operation 159 The MIDI Signal Path 162 Environment Objects 181 Faders 189 Environment Exchange Chapter 6 191 Logic’s Mixing Facilities 192 Audio Mixer 194 Audio Objects in the Audio and Track Mixer 211 Audio Object Types 218 Track Mixer 221 MIDI Channel Strips Chapter 7 225 Automation 225 Automation—Introduction 227 Track Based Automation 232 Region Based Automation 233 Hyper Draw 236 Conversion of Automation Data Chapter 8 239 Global Tracks 240 Display Options for Global Tracks 240 How to Create, Move, Copy, and Delete Global Events 242 Tempo Track 244 Signature Track 245 Transposition Track 4 Contents 247 Video Track Chapter 9 249 Audio Window 249 Audio Window—Introduction 251 Layout 253 Display 256 Operation 260 File Administration 268 Further Options Chapter 10 271 Audio Drivers 271 The Audio Hardware and Drivers Dialog 274 Audio Engine 274 Realtime Sample Rate Conversion Chapter 11 275 Sample Editor 275 Sample Editor—Introduction 277 Display 280 The Sample Edit Window in Use 288 Functions 291 Digital Factory Chapter 12 297 Event List 297 Using the Event List 299 Display 300 Operation 302 Event List Structure 305 Event Type Structure 309 Tips for Numerical Input 310 Event Float Window Chapter 13 311 Hyper Editor 311 Hyper Editor—Introduction 312 Hyper Sets 313 Event Definitions 319 Operation Chapter 14 323 Matrix Editor 323 Matrix Editor—Introduction 324 Display 325 Editing Notes 327 Hyper Draw in the Matrix Window Contents 5 Chapter 15 329 Score Editor 329 Score Editor—Introduction 331 Elements of the Score Edit Window 332 Notation Concept 336 General Appearance 339 Input Methods in the Score Window 339 Score Display Options—a Survey 341 Printout 342 Graphic Export 343 Realtime MIDI Recording 343 Step Input 344 Mouse Input 348 The Part Box 369 Move, Copy, and Paste 371 Editing or Deleting Notes and Symbols 374 The Display Parameter Box 380 Score Styles 398 Note Attributes 401 Instrument Sets and Score Display Levels 410 Song Settings for Score Display 423 Score Preferences 425 Text: Input and Display 432 Chord Symbols Chapter 16 437 The Transform Window 437 Transform Window—Introduction 439 Transformation 444 Parameter Sets Chapter 17 447 Tempo 447 Display and Functions 448 Tempo List Editor Chapter 18 451 Synchronization 451 Functions 453 Synchronization Window 459 Bar Ruler—Time Ruler 460 Sync Problems and Solutions Chapter 19 461 Video 461 Synchronizing QuickTime Movies Chapter 20 465 Song Settings and Preferences 466 Song Settings 6 Contents 476 Preferences Chapter 21 487 Control Surface Support 488 Installation 490 Setup Window Parameters 495 Control Surface Preferences 498 Customizing Control Surfaces 500 The Controller Assignments Window Glossary 501 Index 511 Contents 7 Logic Reference Preface Recent years have seen a revolution in the use of personal computers for creating music. Music projects that until recently would have required an array of professional studio equipment can now be completed in a home or project studio, using a personal computer and readily available resources. A personal computer with a fast processor and enough RAM can now serve as a workstation for recording, arranging, mixing, and producing complete music projects, which can be played back on the computer, burned on a CD or DVD, or distributed over the Internet. What Is Logic? Logic is an integrated system for composing, producing, and scoring music, built specifically for Mac OS X. Musicians can create professional sounding original music compositions, royalty-free soundtracks for Final Cut Pro video projects, and more. Logic allows you to build musical arrangements using MIDI and software instruments alongside audio recordings of acoustic instruments, vocal performances and prerecorded audio files. You can freely combine and arrange loops plus MIDI and software instrument parts in Logic’s Arrange window, add professional-quality effects, mix your music in stereo, and export the final mix to a standard audio file or an audio CD that can be played on any multimedia-equipped computer, home stereo or imported into Final Cut Pro or other applications. Logic includes the following features, amongst many others: • Record MIDI information via connected MIDI input devices, such as keyboards, and play back this information via any connected MIDI device or Logic’s integrated software instruments. • Create, arrange, and edit MIDI projects, and print out musical notation via a printer connected to your computer. • Digitally record acoustic and electric instruments or vocal performances into your projects, and process these audio recordings with Logic’s in-built real-time effects. 9 • Make use of the integrated software instruments, including: ES1 and EXS24 or third- party Audio Unit instruments. • Load songs or channel strips from Apple’s GarageBand application, and edit them, making use of the additional processing and editing possibilities afforded by Logic. • Mix your MIDI and audio tracks, including effects and software-based instrument settings, via a sophisticated total recall mix automation system. Logic includes high- quality effects plug-ins that you can use in your projects. You can also install third- party effects in the Audio Units plug-in format. • Bounce all audio data, including effects and mix automation settings, to a stereo file for mastering or further processing. • Work in real time: You can work on Logic projects in real time, adding, and editing audio and MIDI parts while the project is playing, and hear the results of your changes immediately. • Use existing loop libraries: Logic directly supports Apple Loop files, and is compatible with a wide variety of existing audio file types, including those created in ReCycle. • Locate and preview files easily: The Apple Loop Browser, part of the Logic interface, provides powerful file browsing and search features, making it easy to locate loops by instrument, genre, mood, or other search criteria. • Mix Apple Loops recorded at different tempos and keys: Logic automatically matches loops to the project tempo and key, allowing you to freely combine loops from different sources in a single project. About This Manual This book is the final arbiter on all things in Logic, and covers all areas of the program in detail. You will find descriptions of the most essential aspects of Logic’s interface, commands, and menus in the Using Logic chapter. These descriptions are often paired with instructions or examples for accomplishing specific tasks. Chapter 2 discusses the use of Logic’s Transport functions and covers the navigation of your Logic projects. The following chapters will provide you with an overview and complete description of all parameters and functions available in each of Logic’s editing and file handling windows. You will learn how to make use of the arranging, recording, and editing facilities available—for MIDI and audio data—in these chapters. Later chapters discuss mixing, automation, and Logic’s preferences, Song settings and synchronization options. 10 Preface Logic Reference The Onscreen Help system—accessible from Logic’s Help menu—is fundamentally the Reference Manuals in electronic form. It has the advantage of being at your fingertips when you need it, and is also searchable. Even if you’re the type who just doesn’t like reading manuals, we ask that you read the next section.
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