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The Real StOIY of Ubya's Muammar Qaddafi What is the Trilateral Commission? 1. A comprehensive review of the forces that placed 4. This revised and expanded report is the most widely Qaddafi in power and continue to control him to this sold of EIR's Special Reports. The most complete day. Includes discussion of British intelligence input, analysis of the background, origins, and goals of this stemming from Qaddafi's training at Sandhurst and much-talked-about organization. Demonstrates the his ties to the Senussi (Muslim) Brotherhood. Heavy role of the Commission in the Propaganda-2 Free­ emphasis is placed on control over Qaddafi exer­ masonic scandal that collapsed the Italian govern­ cised by elements of the Italian Propaganda-2 Ma­ ment in 1981; and in the Federal Reserve's high­ sonic Lodge, which coordinates capital flight, drug­ interest-rate policy. Details the Commission's influ­ running, and terrorism in Italy. Also explored in depth ence in the Reagan administration. Includes com­ are "Billygate," the role of Armand Hammer, and plete member ship. $100. Order 81009. Qaddafi's ties to fugitive financier Robert Vesco. # $250. Order 81004. Saudi Arabia in the Year # 5. Written by EIR Contributing2023 Editor Lyndon H. La­ The Club of Rome in the Middle East Rouche Jr. at the request of several Arab clients, this 2. A dossier on the role played by the Club of Rome in public memorandum report outlines Mr. LaRouche's promoting "Islamic fundamentalists." Focusing on two proposals for the development of Saudi Arabia over organizations, the Arab Thought Forum and Islam the next 40 years, as the fulcrum of an extended Arab and the West, both of which are intimately tied to the world stretching from Morocco in the west to Iran in Club of Rome. The report shows how the Club uses the east. It outlines the approach necessary to prop­ "Islamic fundamentalism" as a political tool to pro­ erly industrialize and stabilize the entire region over mote neo-Malthusian, anti-development ideas the next two generations. $250. Order 83008. throughout the Middle East. $250. Order 82012. # # Africa: A Case Study of U.S. North-South Policy Terrorism and Guerrilla Warfare in Central America 6. A case study of the "new" North-South policy of the 3. A background reporton the real sources of instability R�agan administration, showing how economic pol­ in Central America. Exclusive analysis of the sources icy toward Africa is being shaped according to the of religious war in the region, including the Jesuit anti-technology, zero-growth guidelines of the Cart� order's "left-wing" Theology of Liberation, a primary er administration's Discusses source of the Sandinista movement; and the "right­ in detail the role beingGlobal played 2000 by Report.the AID and World wing," led by Christian fundamentalist cultist Rios Bank in implementing this policy, under direction pri­ Montt and Sun Myung Moon. The report also dis­ marily from Henry Kissinger, David Rockefeller, and cusses the role of Israel as an arms supplier to both the Ford Foundation. Includes profiles of the admin­ "right" and "left." The report shows that the long-term istration's top ten policy-makers for Africa. destabilization of Central America is the result of the $250. Order 82017. U.S. State Department's demand for the reduction # of the region's population. $250. Order 83007. # r------�------, EXECUTIVE INTELLIGENCE REVIEW , ,

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INTELLIGENCE DIRECTORS: Africa: DouglasDeGroot Asia: Daniel Sneider Counterintelligence: JeffreySteinberg Economics: David Goldman European Economics: Laurent Murawiec Energy: William Engdahl Europe: Vivian Freyre Zoakos Ibero-America: Robyn Quijano. De""isSmall Law: EdwardSpannaus Middle East: ThierryLalevee Military Strategy:Steven Bardwell Science and Technology: Marsha Freeman Soviet Union andEastern Europe: Rachel Douglas United States: Graham Lowry ollowing President Reagan's announcement of a "Mutually As­ INTERNATIONAL BUREAUS: F Bogota: Carlos Cota Meza sured Survival" doctrine based on development of defensive laser Bonn: George Gregory. Rainer Apel weapons, he and his spokesmen also issued a series of negotiations­ Caracas: Carlos Mendez Chicago: Paul Greenberg offers to the Soviet leadership-:-the most generous of the post-war Copenhagen: Leni Thomsen period. He even pointed out to the Western press that beam-weapons Houston: HarleySchlanger. should be viewed as the science to prevent nuclear war, and with NicholasF. Benton Uma: Julio Echeverria their development in sight, a President could even consider offering Los Angeles: TheodoreAndromidas collaboration to a potential adversary, to ensure that both powers Mexico City: Josefina Menendez Milan: Marco F anini develop such defense systems in the same interval of time. In such Monterrey: M. Luisa de Castro fashion, too, the framework of negotiations over a new, perhaps New Delhi: Paul Zykofsky Paris: Katherine Kanter. deadly missile crisis this fall, was potentially changed most Sophie Tanapura beneficially, Rome: Leonardo Servadio. StefaniaSacchi Stockholm: Clifford Gaddy A Russian leadership acting as "communists" might have been United Nations: Peter E""is expected, after some howling, to respond positively.· A Russian Washington, D.C.: Richard Cohen. leadership acting as nationalists or pragmatists might also have re­ Laura Chasen. Susan Kokinda Wiesbaden: Philip Golub. MaryLalevee. sponded positively. The Russian leadership, however; responded Barbara Spahn negatively, to say the least. Their ain't no "commies," and no na­ Executive Intelligence Review (ISSN 0273-6314) tionalists either, in Moscow. There is only imperial ambition cen­ ispublishedweeldy (50 issues )except/or the second week ofJuly andjirst week 0/ January by tered around the Russian Orthodox Church's "Moscow is the Third New SolidmityInternational Press Service 304.W. 58th Street. New York. N.Y. 10019 Rome" cult. ,,,EIU'Ope: Executive Intelligence Review This week's Special Report is the first in a series examining this NachrichtenagenrurGmbH. Postfach 2308 . Dotzheimerstrasse 164.62Wiesbaden. "paradigm shift" in Soviet culture and institutions. Editor-in-chief Tel. (06121)44-

Interview Economics

Walter Boenke 4 Brazil's temporary 11 Factory council member in surrender no solution to Schleswig-Holstein, West debt crisis Germany, and founding member of It is at most a temporary setback to the Club of Life. continental motion toward a debtors' cartel.

Departments 7 NDPC drops 'debt bomb' on Volcker hearings Science Technology 12 MHD research:& slowing here, Labor leader supports speedingup internationally. 8 beam-weapons strategy

49 Religion 9 Colombia's largest union Behind the ouster of Virgilio Levi. demands joint debt action

50 Italy's War on Crime 13 Domestic Credit The separatist plot. Interest rates wiII end housing 'boom.' 51 Dateline Mexico The PAN's inroads in Chihuahua. 14 Business Briefs

61 Investigative Leads The KGB and the Heritage Foundation.

Editorial 64 Swiss brinksmanship, Russian war-games. Volume 10 Number 28 July 26, 1983

Special Report International National

32 Shultz's State Department S4 'Debategate': a threat to backs new Hitler-Stalin U.S. national security pact Washington correspondentRichard Cohen details the connections The bee in Mr. between Averell Harriman's visit to 34 Burlatskii's bonnet Moscow and the launching of "Debate gate" against President 3S How the 'peace' Reagan upon his return. movement plans to blow-up A reproduction from the Soviet weekly Ogonyok An encounter with evil, (eire. 1,850,(00) ofIlya Glazanov's 1980 painting, West Germany "TheDuel of Peres vet with the Tartar Knight Temir­ S8 or: why the Jesuits are Murza," part of a cycle of works for the 600th anni­ responsible for the murder versary of the Battle of Kulikovo Field. 39 Muammar Qaddafi's KGB controllers direct Libya's of your grandmother African conquests National News The surfacing of 62 41 Pakistani resistance 16 Holy Mother Rus: a targeted by cultists documentary report Director of Intelligence Criton 42 Italy: 'reformers' behind Zoakos details the process by which Craxi plot the end of the "systems analysis" was introduced to Russian policy-thinking, and First Republic displaced "Marxism-Leninism" as official doctrine, opening the way Separatists in the Punjab: for a resurgence of the "Third 44 the case of 'Sikh Rome" cult-outlook. fundamentalism'

47 Kissinger revives the British Empire's tactics

International Intelligence S2 �ITillEconomics

Brazil's temporary surrender no solution to debt crisis by David Goldman

For those concerned with world monetary stability, Brazilian cuts? Finance Minister Ernane Galveas's announcement July 15 A: I presume it must. (just before EIR 's deadline) that Brazil had come to terms Was there any communication between the U. S. gov­ with the International Monetary Fund should have been the Q: ernment and the Brazilian government on this matter? worst news possible. It will be viewed differently in Wash­ A: There has been continuous communication. ington and New York, to the inestimable detriment of the United States and the American banking system. Q: Was any special message delivered during the past According to sources at the Basel-based Bank for Inter­ several days? national Settlements , Brazil's acquiescence to a range of A: What the Brazilians were told is that if they did not International Monetary Fund austerity demands will make it come to an agreement with the IMF, the BIS won't renewthe possible for the IMF to disburse about million to Brazil, loan, they might declare you in default, and then you'll be in such that Brazil may make its payment$400 to the BIS just under big trouble-the usual arguments. the deadline. The BIS will not "extend" the July 15 deadline, Q: The usual Treasury arguments? as Swiss National Bank President Fritz Leutwiler, in his A: Yes. capacity as BIS chairman, had announced the preceding Monday; the IMF-Brazil agreement appears timely enough Q: Can this be repeated with Venezuela and the other to avoid the threatened default crisis. countries? For the moment, crisis has been postponed, once again, A: Well, it's resolved for the moment, but the others are and once again at the cost of disturbances in the world polit­ going to come up in quick succession. ical and financial system which may not be containable. What is next? Analysts with access to the sordid behind-the-scenes drama Q: A: This is very hard to time; I would say Venezuela in leading to Galveas' s reluctant capitulation will shudder at the . about six weeks , but it's difficult to be precise. implications. Here is the transcript of a discussion with an administra­ The U. S. Treasury conducted a fair imitation of a terrorist tion official familiar with the American government'srole in who hijacks an airplaneby threatening to blow up the plane, this business: himself with it. Had the Treasury backed up Leutwiler's threat, and forced Brazil into default, the top nine American How do you read the Brazilian situation'? Q: banks would have immediately lost assets in the amount of A: Brazil got beaten up to the point of making an agree­ double or triple their shareholders' capital; if other countries ment with the IMF. followed the Brazilian lead, the American banking system's Q: Does the IMF agreement include the demands for equity would sink to the status of 1922 Reichmarks . Worst reduction of state-sector subsidies as well as the indexation of all, the Treasury was not bluffing; the ideologues who

4 Economics EIR July 26, 1983 flank Secretary Donald Regan would likely have done it. Reserve governorchiefly resonsible for international affairs, Under threat of total economic war, the Brazilians broke. Dr. Henry Wallich, is the scion of an old and nasty German­ According to the New York Journal of Commerce, Bra­ Swiss banking family; he maintains close ties to the German­ zil's options expired when its foreign exchange ran out­ speaking central banks, and attends the monthly BIS meet­ including the billion dollars' worth of gold it has sold over ings on behalf of the Federal Reserve. Wallich is a faithful the past year-and the country was left with two weeks' conduit for Mitteleuropiiischeviews (including his post-Jan­ supply of crude oil. Galveas spent part of the week prior to uary advocacy for a tighter American monetary policy, co� July 15 in Caracas, attempting to secure oil supplies from inciding with Leutwiler's). Fed Chairman Volcker, the New Venezuela in sufficient volume to withstand the threat from York banks' man, is the ideal meeting chairman, but not an the Treasury , and apparently failed. initiator of ideas, and must lean heavily on Wallich. The For a third time, the Thero-American continent failed to Treasury's chief international officer, Assistant Secretary hold together against an external threat. Brazil's inability to Marc Leland, is the former personal lawyer of Swiss banker secure oil supplies from Mexico and Venezuela recalls Ar­ Edmond de Rothschild (and son-in-law of Guy de Roth­ gentina's inability to persuade Brazil and Mexico to join in a schild); his superior, Undersecretary Beryl Sprinkel, is an common debt moratorium during the Spring 1982 Malvinas ideological clone of Milton Friedman, close to the Karl Brun- . War, as well as Lopez Portillo'sinability to secure agreement ner monetarist circuit in Washington. on the same subject from Brazil and Argentina last Septem­ Sources close to Fritz Leutwiler insist that a political ber, when his administration vainly sought the means to reject change occurred over the two weeks priorto July 15, permit­ the International Monetary Fund program. ting the Swiss National Bank chairman to stick to his dead­ The Treasury has achieved nothing, of course; Brazil can line. Much depended upon the internal situation in the United implement the IMf1,rogram now less than ever. Sections of Kingdom. Mrs. Thatcher is committed to a strong American the Brazilian government were active in the organization of defense policy, and, in that sense, is one of Mr. Reagan's the mass strike movement now in progress in Brazil, leading few close allies among foreign leaders. Nonetheless, she . towards a June 21 general strike. Brazil has mobilized, like began the war projected against Ibero-America one year ago Russia in 1914, and the fact of its mobilization constitutes (thanks especially to Lord Carrington), which hardly suited the act of war. Either the Brazilians will repudiate their IMF Britain's interests. Her economics also have much to do with agreement once sufficient lines of oil supply are in place, or seminars in 1975 under Berne University professor Karl Brazil will de-mobilize; but the latter option will destroy the Brunner, a Swiss National Bank consultant and Leutwiler institutions that hold the nation together. As at the outbreak confidant also prominent in conservative monetarist circles of World War I, when the European nations chose war rather in the United States. Mrs. Thatcher's chief advisor Alan than the devastating consequences of shutting down mobili­ Walters is also a monetaristof the Brunner stripe. zation at midpoint, the Ibero-Americans must either choose As reported by the London Observer July 10 (and not economic war, or crumble internally. denied by 10 Downing Street) , Mrs. Thatcher's response to The threatened disintegration of institutions will not a last-minute Brazilian plea for help that weekend was to urge merely guarantee that not a cent of the continent's $350 that Brazil be taught a lesson in austerity. Such outrage over billion foreign debt will ever be paid, but that no political this gaffe emerged in the City of London, especially among forces will remain to preside over the aftermath. the clearing banks heavily committed in lbero-America, that the London Daily Telegraph editorially attacked Mrs. Cui bono -who benefits? Thatcher July 14 for the first time since she became Prime The Treasury has made no excuses concerning its inten­ Minister. tion to push "adjustment" to the point of economic war; A hidden, but perhaps critical, element in 10 Downing Secretary Regan told EIR in late June that if the Ibero-Amer­ Street's hostility towards Brazil may be Brazil's refusal to icans formed a debtors' cartel, "they would never get another give British military aircraft access to airfields; this display loan again." From discussions with Treasury officials in­ of Brazilian solidarity with Argentina may have set volved in negotiations with the Bank for International Settle­ Thatcher on her ear. Mrs. ments, it appears that the two-week extension represented As sources close to Leutwiler emphasized, the British not so much a compromise as a tactical detour. Open Treas­ "tough line" towards Brazil was a significant factor in Leut­ ury support for a default declaration June 30 might have wiler's emphasis on the July 15 payments deadline; "major triggereda response at the Defense Department, the CIA, the forces were at work" strengthening Leutwiler's hand, a source National Security Council, and other agencies who are warn­ close to the BIS chief reported, citing the British development. ing the President of grave national security complications should the U.S. take the role of George III against a rebelling Continued monetary deterioration South American continent. The July 15 deadline represented The global consequences of continued financial deterio­ a "compromise"that servedthe Treasury'sfactional purposes. ration in lbero-America are a principal element in Swiss Switzerland may have more than a merely ideological calculations. Brazil has paid no interest and principal since hold on the American side of the negotiations. The Federal June 1, and ran up considerable arrears before June 1. Bra-

ElK July 26, 1983 Economics 5 zil's arrearages began with the attrition of interbank lines themselves-as the present rise in interest rates makes clear. made available by the major American banks as of May; Wittingly, the Treasury boosted its actual borrowingrequire­ earlier, American banks had extended at least $12 billion in ment to $350 billion per year, in order to include close to such lines to Brazil starting during the fourth quarter of 1982, $100billion of "agency" bonds supporting the mortgage mar­ partly to replace lines withdrawn by continental European ket; the Federal Reserve maintained the fastest rate of peace­ banks. The entire continent built up $37.5 billion in such time reserve-creation in history to enable the banks to buy interbank lines between August 1982 and February 1983. Treasury securities at a $100 billion annual rate. This extraor­ The IMF agreement does not begin to deal with Brazil's $2 dinary chain-letter operation failed to produce a collapse of billion of arrears to the banks; as IMF officials emphasize, the dollar and rising interest rates for one overriding reason: theMarch IMF program for Brazil cannot be resumed without the United States has been the recipient of a $50 billion per guarantees from the banks that Brazil will be funded. These annum flow of flight capital from the rest of the world, prin­ guarantees not yet in sight. cipally from Ibero-America, sufficient to stabilize the dollar Brazil'sare immediate problem is only the closest to the and temporarily hold interest rates down. Despite Volcker's surface of many similar ones. The sharp rise of Eurodollar attempts to oppose them, the forces driving interest rates rates (to 10.75 percent for six-month money) since early May upward have almost crossed that tripwire which will knock reflects not Federal Reserve tightening, but growing illiquid­ out the housing and auto consumer-credit flows which sus­ ity on the Eurodollar market itself. Continued, perhaps ac­ tained the so-called "recovery" this far. celerating attrition of OPEC deposits in the primary market In the most basic sense, therefore, the international debt following the $6 billion drawdown reported for the firstquart­ crisis is not an exogenous threat to an otherwise-sound Amer­ er is sufficientto produce substantial interest-rate pressure on ican economic situation. The debt crisis, triggeredin its pres­ ' the market. More dangerous is the heavy dependence of ent phase by flight capital more than by any other factor, is France, Italy, Belgium, Spain, and other European nations the immediate and direct result of the means which Paul upon the Eurodollar interbank market to fund balance of Volcker and Donald Regan chose to rig their "recovery." payments deficits. Europe's financial crisis is indissolubly linked to the Ibe­ The view from ro-American crisis through the mechanism of the global in­ At some point Mitteleuropain the process of unraveling, American terbank market. In financial terms, France, Italy, and Spain banks themselves will repeat their actions of September 1982, are moving rapidly into the position of Ibero-America now, shutting down commitments to weaker banks abroad, with except with a six-month delay. The other difference is that potentially disastrous consequences for the funding position these three worst-off countries may not go to the IMF; be­ of both the rest of Ibero-America (Venezuela and Chile in tweenthem, they can legally demand over $25 billion in loans particular), and Western Europe. It is impossible to say where under the "enlarged access" formula, at a time when the IMF the chain will break, once yanked sharply. The probable is alreadystruggling to reduce its commitments. rupture will be among Ibero-American and European third­ France, with close to $100 billion in external debt, is tier banks, who will be unable to meet Eurodollar interbank rapidly becoming another Brazil, but with perhaps fewer obligations, turning into a chain-reaction of contraction of resources respecting the world market with which to post­ interbank lines. pone its crisis. Internally, the French government is nearly We earlier reported the growing conviction among cen­ bankrupt; the most recent "jumbo" Eurobond issue arranged tral European, particularly Swiss, banking circles that a fi­ for France via the European Community served mainly to nancial crash was not only inevitable, but from their stand­ pay the current salaries of the French civil service. An inter­ point, desireable. A strategic perspective in the German­ nal French Treasury study now says that by a year from now, speaking European countries has become evident during the France will have to borrow as rapidly as it is borrowing now past month without which vantage point the wrangling over merely to pay interest on the existing debt. Italy, if possible, the Ibero-American debt is incomprehensible. is in even worse condition; Spain is on the verge of major Soviet planners hope to include much of Western Europe political as well as economic dislocation. in the basin of resources which the sclerotic Soviet economy Federal Reserve specialists view the interbank market as may loot. Any major problem on the interbank market will the most visible fuse with respect to the European debt bomb; bring down French finances and plunge the rest of Europe the abandonment of the foreign branches of Italy's Banco deeper into depression; under these conditions, the stays that Ambrosiano last spring and summer by its bankrupt parent have held Europe inside NATO may break. That, in sum­ office might repeat itself on the grand scale. An indication of mary, is what the Swiss axis counts on. the danger is the increase of "tiering," i. e., differential rates The signals from Washington are not encouraging. Pres­ applied to weaker borrowers in the interbank market, as well ident Reagan does not have his Administration under control as the rise of Eurodollar interest rates themselves. in a matter that may determine whether the country survives. As EIR will document in more depth in our Quarterly Unless the White House shuts down the economic warfare Economic Report, the American economy bought time from ministry masquerading as the American Treasury, it is diffi­ �economic grave by means which are rapidly exhausting cult to see what will interfere with Mitteleuropa' s plans.

6 Economics EIR July 26, 1983 Those signs of trouble were, however, nowhere evident in the questioning which Senate Banking Committee mem­ bers directed at Vo1cker during his confirmation hearing. Vo1cker routinely treated committee members as the IMF treats developing sector governments . When Vo1cker was begged for assurances th�t he would not raise interest rates, he insisted that only a drastic closing of the budget deficit, through spending cuts and "revenue enhancement" (tax in­ NDPCdrops 'debt bomb' creases), could secure his cooperation. "How much of a on deficit cut? " pleaded the members . "Try $50 billion for a Volcker hearings starter," Volcker told a visibly gasping committee. Evidenc­ by Susan Kokinda ing why he is Yuri Andropov's preferred Fed chairman, Vo1cker added, "It's not my job to tell you what defense programs to cut. Cutting a certain amount makes economic Representing the only nationwide organization to oppose the sense. It's up to you to decide if it makes military sense." nomination of Paul Adolph Volcker to a second term as International reality intervened once when Senator Don chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, National Democratic Riegle (D-Mich.) asked Vo1cker if the Brazilian debt situa- .. Policy Committee (NDPC) Chairman Warren J. Hamerman tion was manageable. It receded just as quickly when Riegle dropped the reality of the pending Swiss-orchestrated inter­ readily accepted Volcker's pledge that it was "under con­ national financial collapse and Lyndon H. LaRouche's alter­ trol ." Vo1cker's brazen claim that the IMF would be solvent native of "Operation Juarez" on the Senate Banking Com­ and able the handle the world debt crisisas soon as Congress at Volcker's confirmation hearings July 14. Only hours anted up its $8.4 billion quota was similarly swallowed. mitteeafter the Committee had meekly accepted Volcker's assur­ It was not until the afternoon session, featuring the NDPC ance that the Brazilian debt situation was "under control ," as the only national opposition to Vo1cker, that reality intrud­ Harnerman read to the committee a telegram from Jorge ed into the Committee's proceedings. Hamerman began by Bittar, citing a resolution by 1.5 million workers in Brazil, noting that "the argument has been made that the reappoint­ rejecting the Volcker-backed policies of the International ment of Paul Vo1cker is necessary for world financial stabil­ Monetary Fund. The telegram demanded Senate rejection of ity. Quite the contrary is the case. " Hamerman read over a Voleker. dozen statements from Brazil, Colombia, France, West Ger­ Continuing with similar communications from Colom­ many, Sweden, and Italy, and from minority, labor, constit­ bian trade unions and from forces and individuals throughout uency, and agricultural leaders in the United States. Western Europe and the United States, Hamerman warned The NDPC chairman gave the committee the kind of that the confirmation of Vo1cker, whose policies are viewed international briefing seldom heard in a city which thinks by the entirety of the developing world as the cause for the truth lies with the day's Washington Post headlines. Harner­ current crisis, could indeed be the final insult which triggers man detailed the immense international motion to resolve the the activation of the Ibero-American debt bomb. debt crisis through North-South cooperation, as called for by While Vo1cker sailed through the morning questioning Indira Gandhi, the Non-Aligned movement, and increasing by the Senate Banking Committee unscathed, Senate Bank­ numbers of leaders in Ibero-America, and which may cul­ ing Committee chairman Jake (R-Utah) announced that minate with a call for debt moratorium at the July 24 Andean the committee would not voteGarn on Vo1cker's confirmation Pact celebration of Bolivar's birthday. Lyndon LaRouche's until after his July 20 semiannual appearance before the com­ "Operation Juarez" proposal and its growing influence in mittee to report on future Fed monetary policy. The delay Ibero-American deliberations were presented to the stunned may have been prompted by the White House, which has committee . Hamermansaid, "It is safe to say that Paul Volek­ becomepublicly jittery about a Fed-provoked rise in interest er will not adopt these policies when the crisis hits ....He rates bringing down the fa<;ade of a U.S. recovery. Both is the worst possible choice at the most dangerous time in White House spokesman Larry Speakes and a group of House American history ....Yuri Andropov's strategicpolicy takes Republicans led by Minority leader Robert Michel (R-Ill.) into account the final crisis of capitailsm, a collapse which warnedthe Fed against any increase in interest rates. will be brought about by the reappointment of Paul Vo1cker. " The same day that Garn announced the delay on the Hamerman concluded his 20-minute testimony by warn­ Voleker vote, House floor managers of the IMF quota in­ ing, "Paul Adolph Vo1cker has mismanaged the United States creaseannounced a week's delay in bringing that bill to the to the point where our national security, as well as the nation­ floor-pushing consideration off until July 20 or 21 . The al sovereignty of most of the nations of the North and South, ostensible reason was "scheduling problems," but Capitol is threatened. A vote cast for Paul Vo1cker is a vote cast Hill sources report that the IMF bill is 10 votes short of against the fundamental principles upon which our republic passage and that State Department and Treasury lobbyists was founded and looked to as a 'temple of liberty and beacon need time to line up additional votes. of hope for all mankind.' "

EIR July 26, 1983 Economics 7 President Siles Zuazo for the creation of a cartel, a debtors' Documentation association with the goal of reviewing the foreign debt of all the countries and if necessary declaring either a moratorium or terms to be able to pay these debts and a lowering of interest rates, which is the most important. . We in the UTe. . . came out on this at the time of our Congress in the city of Medellin and in the plenum in the city of Bogota , and therefore , we consider ourselves identified with the President. . . . So we consider that the lowering of interest on the debt and the declaration of a renegotiation of Labor leader supports this debt or a moratorium on the same is indispensable. beam-weapons strategy Londono: Various Latin American labor organizations have come out on this subject, for example, the general secretary Pedro Rubio, Executive Committee Member of the Colom­ of the Confederation of Venezuelan Workers , Jose Vargas, bian Workers Union (UTC), is a fo unding member of the and also the Regional Inter-American Workers Organization Club of Life. On Oct. 20, 1982 , at the founding conference ORIT via its head, Tulio Cuevas, proposed the need for a of the Club of Life in Rome, Italy, he calledfor theformation collective renegotiation of the debt and suspension of the of a North-South Labor Committee as the instrument through IMF's aggressive conditionalities. Don't you think that some which trade unionists of the advanced sector and underde­ event should be organized around all these efforts taking veloped countries could unite fo r effective action to stop the place in Mexico, Venezuela, Peru and Colombia itself? current world depression. Mr. Rubio gave this interview to Rubio: We believe, and this is what we are going to propose MaxLondono on June 21, 1983 . to ORIT, that it is indispensable to form a common front, and organize an international meeting-just as the foreign min­ Londono: Mr. Rubio, in your capacity as a member of the isters of all countries do, we have to get the workers together Advisory Committee of the Cartagena Accord, what do you to tell the world what we think on this matter. expect from the meeting of next July 24 in Caracas? Rubio: Given the failure up to now of the process of inte­ Londono: In relation to the Ibero-American Common Mar­ gration of the Andean Group , I consider it necessary that this ket that you mention, why don't you explain a bit more what presidential meeting on July 24 in Caracas be based on the would be the content? Presidents' taking advantage of the opportunity to begin dis­ Rubio: Our countries are the raw material producers for all cussions to transform the Andean Group (CartagenaAccord) the articles we are then forced to import. This poses a mar­ into a great Ibero-American Common Market. Only in this velous opportunity to unite, to demand and sell our raw way can we make ourselves respected by the great powers, materials at truly fair prices. Now, we have countrieslike for on the question of exports and imports. We think that if the example Brazil, Argentina, and Mexico which were previ­ countries of the continent unite, and trade our raw materials, ously above the other countries in development terms , and we can achieve a New Economic and Social Order for Ibero­ are now suffering the merciless punishment imposed by the America. IMF. So we can also interchange the technology that they may have among the countries of Ibero-America. Our raw Londono: When you talk of aggression, to whom do you materials, we can trade with countries like Japan, for exam­ refer, to the banks, the countries of the North, or to what? ple, for high technology, so that our countries will also have Rubio: To the entire economic system which they are im­ the right to life , the right to be able to progress, the right to planting here, and more concretely to the internationalcredit be able to produce, so as to later compete in imports and outfits like the International Monetary Fund and the World exports . Bank, which are granting us loans with conditionalities which The International Monetary Fund and World Bank have our countries-and all the more so the workers-are no longer always maintained that the developing countries like Col­ disposed to keep paying, because these conditioned loans are ombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia-the Andean Group-do not what has led as a consequence to social injustices in all of our even have the right to think about competing in terms of peoples. industrialization, but many think this way in Japan, and today they are giving us a worldwide example of how things can Londono: What could we do about this situation in which get done When people orient themselves and direct them­ the bank imposes conditions, and in this connection , how do selves toward progress ....I think Colombia can do it. you see the matter of the Ibero-American countries' debt? Rubio: Shortly after taking office. the president of Colom­ Londono: There is now a grave worldwide danger of ther­ bia, Dr. Belisario Betancur, supported the call of Bolivian monuclear war. President Reagan proposed last March 23

8 Economics EIR July 26, 1983 that beam weapons be developed to strike down missiles. financial institutions which are destroying integration from What impact has this had in certain labor circles? theoutside , not only to make the Andean Pact disappear but Rubio: For us in the UTC it is a question of principles. Our to push each of the member nations into a bottomless crisis principles are based precisely on the defense of man as a under the conditions imposed by the International Monetary human being, on total defense, and therefore , we are in favor Fund. of everything that has to do with defending the ri ght to life. We have two very clear examples to back up this We gladly support the U.S. President's decision, insofar as statement. arms not being created to kill, but mechanisms to finish Let us start with Ecuador. After the IMF negotiations off theare weapons that take life . We support it, and we with Ecuador in the second week of November of last year, saying this at every opportunity we have to come out for itare. this nation c:loseddown imports of 900art icles coming from the Andean Pact. At the start of this year, Ecuador had new Londono: The Betancur government has taken measures negotiations wi� the IMF and, in addition to imposing cer­ against some financial groups which have had control of the tain austerity measures, it devalued the Ecuadorean currency, economy . What does the UTC propose on the management the sucre. Colombian exports to our neighboring country of the financial sector? were completely paralyzed. The devaluation of the sucre Rubio: The UTC has maintained for many years that the made Colombian products exorbitantly costly in Ecuador's banks should be nationalized. This is the only way the gov­ internal market. ernmentcan have real control of money, which does not even The same occured with Venezuela. After this country belong to those handling it today , but to the people in general. was subjected to a capital flight of nearly $30 million dollars We are paying great attention to this, anq hence we support perday , a re sult of the economic warfare of the international these measures, because only ... with the kind of strong bankers and the high interestrates for credit, Venezuela im­ policy exercised by President Betancur in terms of banking posedexchange controlsand devalued its currency stepwise. management, can we get the money out of the hands of the The devaluation was made with the idea of complying with money magnates-who were created, educated and put in the IMF in its demand that Venezuela should devalue the power by the IMF and who are creating problems for Presi­ bolivar by 80 percent. In such circumstances, Venezuela dent Betancur to keep him from carrying out his program­ suspended imports of 500 products from the Andean Pact. and thus be able to mandate lower interest rates to facilitate Venezuela is the Andean group country which has the largest the country's industrialization. domestic net productand which imported the most from the For us the only solution is bank nationalization, as was Andean group, especially from Colombia. Colombian ex­ recently done in Mexico, and here one certainly needs the ports to Venezuela were $106 million dollars in the first backing of the workipg class so that as in Mexico they don't quarterof last year; in the firstquarter of this year they were allow the IMF and the other credit agencies to destabilize the only $39 million. On the other hand, exports from Venezuela government of President Betaricur. were $131 million last year, and in the first quarter of this year, droppedto $71 million. The most serious thing is that the IMF forces which cre­ ated this situation trying to use the circumstances they Colombia's largest union created to also forceare Colombia to either devalue its currency massively or accelerate the gradual devaluation. The argu­ demands joint debt action ment is that now we have to compete with our own neighbors , who, since they devalued their currency, of course can export Alfonso Vargas, secretarygeneral of the Union ofColombia n more cheaply. A competition for "who can devalue the most" Workers (UTC), presented this document as his union's of­ would only lead to collective suicide. The mere devaluation ficialpaper to the meeting of the consultative Andean Labor of currencydoes not lead to any increase in exports, becaose, Congress in La Paz, Bolivia, on July 11-15. The UTC is throughno fault of any Andean Pact nation, the international Colombia's largest labor organization. markets are in disorder, and because the sale of products at lower prices by our countries would lead us to sell a greater Undoubtedly, the subregional Andean Pact now finds amount of product for the same value as before , as has effec­ itself in a crisis without any historical precedent. In. this tively been occurring. regard, the Colombian Foreign Trade Institute [whose Span­ Bolivia and Peru are in the same situation. However, the ish acronym is INCOME] re leased to the public the statistics politiciansof the continent and the Andean region are starting on trade between Colombia and the other Andean Pact na­ to wake up in regard to these problems. Last year, the presi­ tions, with an alarming comparison between the level of dent of Bolivia, Heman Siles Zuazo, proposed a joint rene­ exports and imports of the first quarter of last year with the gotiation of the debt of the Andean Pact, which presently first quarter of this year. What is urgently needed is a joint totals some $70 billion. The president of Colombia, Belisario effort t9 resolve these problems of tFade and to confront the Betancur, backed Siles Zuazo's proposal. Presently in Ven-

EIR July 26, 1983 Economics 9 ezuela there exists a virtual political revolt against the IMF conditionalities. At the recent forum on Latin American Thought in Caracas on the occasion of the anniversary of urre Rates Sim6n Bolivar, one of.the resolutions ... was on the n�ces­ C ncy sity for collective renegotiation of the Latin American debt. Another was on the necessity to save ourselves from the IMF's conditions. The dollar in deutschemarks In view of this situation, the working class of the Andean New York lateafternoon fixing Pact proposes: r-- ! 2.55 , 1) A collective renegotiation of the foreign debt of the 1 I Andean Pact for a period of 25 years or more, with an invi­ ./ - I' 2.50 � rw"" tation to the rest of the Latin American debtor countries to L"tj I ',i ",",L - I participate. '!'": L I t-- 2) The reactivation of interregional trade through barter i -_-- + --,_�_--_-J+-_-_-_ - agreements and/or through the creation of an Andean Pact -__+I__-.---.���:::::: currency to which all of the member countries would fix the 2.35 f- value of their currencies, independently of what happens to 5/25 611 I618 6/15 6/22 6/29 7/6 7/13 the dollar. Unfortunately, the U.S. dollar is no longer a currency The dollar in yen that facilitates commerce. It only serves for debt payments. New York late afternoonfixing 3) Above all, within this trade relationship, the supply of food must be guaranteed against any blockade or economic 260 seige that the bankers may decide to impose as reprisals. I - I The perspective of the Andean Pact must progress ---t \----+---+--+---+ 4) 240 � +-+++-1 toward the creation of an lbero-American Common Market. - Even in the extreme case of isolation, Ibero-America or even 230 the Andean Pact can live better with mutual trade relations than under the hellish conditions and programs of the Inter­ 220 5/25 6/1 618 6122 7/6 7 national Monetary Fund and the international bankers. 6/15 6129 /13I 5) The development of a capital goods industry in the ' Andean Pact, which for the first time in our history would allow us to produce machinery and machine tools, that is to The dollar in Swiss francs say, industries that produce industries. New York lateafternoon fixing 6) The development of great joint infrastructural projects 2.10 _ �r-- ..... andother joint projects in steel, metalworks, petrochemicals, I :::f---� �k----:;o""..-."_!_--m� t__+=�H and other technological processes that will permit us to ad­ i 2.05 I ! C-�- --�-- --+++-+-, +-1 vance our natural resources. - --�-,I - : i 2.00 ! I i: 7) The creation of an Andean Pact university to educate - I rt t---1--�--+-�+-�+-H++- advanced scientists, plasma physicists, nuclear physicists, -----+++-++-i I chemists, and biologists, with the perspective of developing f � I·· -+--�-i'____ L-.__ for the future fission and fusion energy and genetic engineer­ -.-L ' t.905/25 --.l611 618I 6/15 6/22 6/29 7/6 7/13 ing to improve species for agricultural production. This [uni­ ! I versity] should be the center for the education of the present and future iabor force and to improve the quality of labor. The British pound in dollars New York late afternoon fixing Finally, we should make it clear that the IMF does not have a dime. It is promising money in exchange for its con­ II I I I ! - ditions, but its promises are intended solely to break our �T ----r ---t----r---+---1+-t-++-l I countries away from the perspective we are proposing. !f the I bI l-- , -- I IMF doesn't accept our perspective. the only thing we should � -i f� . ---- _.1 '" --- �-.--_H_+++-I say is what the Venezuelan finance minister said recently in --! an interview: "1 couldn't care less what the IMF is thinking, " and even less what the rest of the international bankers are �----_t-----+I---t-- t---+--++-++H thinking." Right now, we have only two options. Either we 5125 611 618 6/1 5 6/22 6129 7/6 7/13 effect a genuine integration"or we are simply condemned to death.

10 Economics EIR July 26, 1983 fully saywhat is wrong here, why we are sick, and to bring Interview: Wal ter Boehnke this power to weigh in the political balance.

EIR: Thus one can at the same time end unemployment here and further the industrialization of the so-called South. Boehnke: Yes, that is in my opinion the highest priority task of all unions.

'Allun ions must oppose EIR: How do you judge the danger that the "Green" anti­ industrial circles will gain power in the unions? IMF conditionalities' Boehnke: The fact alone of the Green Party 's demand for the abolition of the trade unions is a great danger, and I Walter Boehnke is afactory council member of a firm in the believe that the German trade union movement not ade­ bread bakery goods industry in Schleswig-Holstein. West quately recognized this danger. has Germany.and At the fo unding conference of the German section We must not allow a second 1933 to happen, and there of the Club of Life on May 28 in Karslruhe. he was elected certainly needs to be a big clarificationeven inside the unions, as a member of the board of the Club of Life. The fo llowing as to what danger the Greens mean for us. I would not go so interview was conducted by Aglaja Corle is . far as to say that they blind. I believe actually that there are some people who arealready see the danger, but nobody As you said in your speech in Karlsruhe, there is no opens his mouth; that's the tragedy ! Then, people said: "We economicEIR: upswing in sight. Where do you see a solution and did not know," but today people do know ! what demands should the unions promote? Boehnke: I see the following solution: the German economy EIR: How do you judge the danger of a growing xenopho­ is based on exports . If we could not export any more , then bia, as is being spread through the parties and the media? . the German economy sooner or later would stagnate, and Boehnke: I can only speak for my company, where there is unemployment will increase even more . I see the following absolutely nothing like anti-foreigner feelings. We cooperate way out: The German trade unions should demand that the well with our foreign co.workers, we have Italians and Turks world monetary system be changed, so that the Third World in my firm, and I cannot see any xenophobia there whatso­ countries may again export and import: The Third World ever. I do not think that the ordinary man in the street tends countries must obtain credit on the most favorable terms , so to be anti-foreigner; at least in the council I have not that they can buy the goods they need in the industrialized it. On the other hand, German industry called thesedetected people nations. here, but the German government has been quite neglectful. I hold that the demand for a 35-hour week is not neces­ It has neglected to integrate these foreign workers ! sary, if, as I said, exports were cranked up again. Then there would be so much work that a 35-hour week would be EIR: One more question, on the latest austerity measures unthinkable. which were passed during the last session of the Bundestag [parliament] . EIR: Mr. Boehnke, you a member of the North-South Boehnke: I think that this cannot go any further. I accuse Labor Committee of the Clubare of Life, which was founded the government of taking the path of least resistance and last October on the initiative of Colombian trade union leader making the socially weakest ones pay the bill, and in contrast Pedro Rubio. What tasks do you see for cooperation between the government massively exempts businessmen with the the Northern and Southern Hemispheres? argument that they have to invest to create more jobs. I can Boehnke: I think that the task of the unions of the northern tell you that, on the contrary, what investment is being made. hemisphere should be to support the demands of the unions is eliminating jobs all the time . When a firm invests today it in the underdeveloped countries, in order to express a clear only invests to cut back workers and not to create new jobs. solidarity . I have in mind particularly the demand of the At least in my company it's that way . Mexican and South American unions for the abolition of the conditionalities of the International Monetary Fund, since EIR: That brings us back to the point that things can only the industrialization of the underdeveloped countries can and pick up when more is produced than is required for local must take place. in order for us to create the chances of needs. survival here . The German trade unions and the unions of the Boehnke: That's exactly right: Our industry was built upon industrialized nations should fully and totally support this exports , and when we no longer export, then our industry demand. sooner or later will die. Then we have what some circles I think the unions do have a certain power. They ought perhaps want, namely the delayed Morgen hau Plan . or the

therefore to use this power for once, to clearly and meaning - Green Sheep Meadow in the Federal Republit c .

EIR July 26, 1983 Economics 11 to million per year to do only basic research. $tIto was quite apparent at the conference that though the Science &:Technology United States has been slowing down its effort , which had reached a peak funding level of $78MHO million before the Reagan administrationcame to Washington, government and private interests in other countries were moving ahead with ambitious MHD programs.

MHD research: slowing France and Israel push ahead For the firsttime since 1970, a paper was presented at the here, speeding up abroad conference on the MHD effort in France. Though technical problems in the late 1960s discouraged the French utility Freeman byMarsha industry from continuing large-scale research in MHD, a second look is being taken at the present time. For the past three years , the magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) In France, MHD is being considered for two potential energy research and development effort in the United States applications. One is for export; it involves using a liquid been fighting for its life. Budget balancers in the Reagan metalfor a closed-cycle MHD system which would use solar basadministration have zeroed the program out of succes­ energy to provide small amounts of electrical power in rural sive budgets, but Congress has refused to let it diethree. parts of developing countries. French developers are looking promises to increase the efficiency of generating to the Sahel region of Africa as a potential market for this electricityMHO from the 34 percent that is the industry average, to technology, where individual systems could bring at least the double that when the technology is fully developed. MHD basics of industriallife to a widely dispered population which conversion can be used with coal, oil, or gas-fueled will not have large baseload utility power plants to service it direct power plants, or with nuclear fission reactors . In the future , forsome time. it will bejoined with the super-hot nuclear fusion process to Private interests in Israel are looking toward the Middle produce electric power. East as a market for similar small-scale liquid metal MHD MHO conversion needs no moving parts . The motion of units . By theend of this year, Israeli researchers plan to build a hot, ionized gas flowingat supersonic speedspast a station­ a 5-10kw pilot plant to demonstrate the feasibility of the magnetic field produces electricity directly. The days of technology. The SOLMECS Corporation in Jerusalemplans hugeary rotatingsteam turbines will be gone forever when MHD to develop and market the units. reachesit potential. A number of developing nations, with large geographic At the21s t conference on Engineering Aspects of MHD, expanses and isolated, thinly-populated areas, such as held June 27-29 at Argonne National Laboratory outside India, have made good use of solar-poweredrural units which, up Chicago, it was clear that though the U.S. MHD effort has until this time, has been primarily developed by NASA for been reduced by two thirds in terms of its funding, other space applications. Over the past decade, NASA has built nations recognize the present and future necessity of increas­ units that deliver a few kilowatts of electrical power and run ing the productivity in the crucial electric power sector, and on solarenergy . These units, which can be small enough for going ahead with significant MHD programs. one household to use, radically alter the standard of living of are thesecurrently backward peoples. One unit can powera light ready for commercialization? bulb, so people can read at night; a small refrigerator to Is Thiswas MIlD thetitle of the keynote address at the conference, preserve food; a radio to bring people into contact with the delivered by MHD pioneer Dr . Richard Rosa. The speaker outside world; and perhaps one other small appliance. from the outset that he had thought the answer to that These units will provide a bridge to the future by bringing questionstated has been yes since 1959, when the Mark I MHD people into touch with the rest of the world until large generator built at the A vco Everett Research Lab produced powerrural plants are constructed and thousands of miles of elec­ its firstkilowatts of electric power. trical wires are strung. One of the original purposes of the Rosa reviewed in brief the accomplishments of the MHD small units NASA designed for the developing sector was to since then, in the hopes of countering policy pro­ refrigerate medicines at hospitals. programposalsand position papers recently circulated to Congress by theDepartment of Energy, which funds the MHD programs. MHD in space These documents dispute that any significant steps toward The French MHD effort is also getting a small amount of commercial development have been attained, and assertthat funding from the CNES , the NASA of France. CNES is is too complicated; that it will not be ready until nuclear looking into the use of MHD conversion with a liquid metal MHOfusion is achieved, so it is not really necessary ; and that the fast breeder reactor in space, for on-board electrical power programshould be reduced from its currentpaltry $30 million and also possibly electric propUlsion.

12 Economics EIR July 26, 1983 Domestic Credit by Richard Freeman

Interest rates will end housing 'boom' They are as safe as Treasury securities How long can governmentpump-primin g and private and have higher yields. " But if the cost of short-term funds sp eculation on mortgage paper keep going ? rise, all the investors will try to dump the Ginnie Maes onto the market at the same time. "The Ginnie Maes will be unmarketable," O'Leary declared. In 1981, the U.S. governmentac­ counted for 28 percent of all funds veraging an annualized 1.67 mil­ There were two ways in which the advanced for housing. But in the fourth lionA new home starts for the first five government could accomplish this quarter of 1982, the start of the 1983 months of 1983-compared with 1 .06 objective. fiscal year, the governmentaccounted million starts for 1982-the U.S. home The first is for the government it­ for $88 billion, or more than 100 per­ construction market is the prop of the to issue fixed-rate mortgages. And cent of the total $84. 1 billion housing fake U.S. econ()mic recovery . It will inself fact for 1983, the Federal Home money advanced in that quarter. (The take a huge tumble in the second half Administration (FHA) and the Veter­ S&L's and commercial banks drew of this year, as the current increase in ans Administration (VA) , the two down their mortgages in that quarter. ) short-term interest rates accelerates government mortgage-issuing agen­ In the first quarter of 1983, the gov­ this summer. cies, have tripledthe number of mort­ ernment accounted for $76.9 billion, The essence of the housing recov­ gages they offered over the 1982 level. or 57 percent, of all funds advanced. ery is a finance-pyramiding scam The other method is for the private Short-term interest rates have ris­ unique in U.S. home market history . sector-S&Ls, pension funds, insur­ en 1.0 percentage point since the first Look at the housing market over ance companies, commercial banks­ week of May, and now stand at 9.0 the past few years . In 197.8 , the year to originate fixed-interest mortgages, percent. before Federal Reserve Paul and sell them in packages-called An increase of another 1.5 per­ Volcker took office andChairman began raising mortgage pools-to U.S. government centage points this summer would interest rates, the number of housing agencies in the secondary housing the level to 10.5 percent. Since it costsraise startswas 2.036 million. By 1981 and market, Ginnie Mae, Freddie Mae, and banks and financial investors 1.0 to 1982, the total was 1.100 and 1.067 Freddie Mac . 1.5 percent to service their deposits, million, respectively. The private institution is not stuck the total cost of short-term funds will Then Treasury Secretary Donald with long-term, fixed interest rate pa­ effectively be over 12 percent. Regan and the Council of Economic per-the U.S. government is. The At this point, the institutions will Advisers decided to brake the rate of government agencies issue bonds to rush to sell their Ginnie Maes, and the collapse of the U. S. economy, by us­ pay for these mortgage pools; the pri­ housing "boom" is over. ing U.S. tax monies to build up hous­ vate institutions buy the bonds, and This tells us all we need to know ing and buy a short-lived economic earn a good rate of return . about those statistics that purport to recovery , starting with the fiscal year The financial investors bought the show the U.S. economy's "recovery ." 1983 federal government budget, Ginnie Maes, for example, in the first Basically, "supply-side" econom­ which went into effect in October qijarter, at an average yield of 11.96 ic theory , which claimedit would build 1982. percent. The financial investors fi­ up capital stocks by taking from the The price of the government-fi­ nanced the purchase of Ginnie Maes consumer sector, revealed its absurd­ nanced housing recovery is the bal­ by either borrowing money, or taking ity some time ago. So, for political looning federal budget deficit. deposits, or the equivalent, at the pre­ reasons, relating to the perceptions of The method of increasing home vailing short-term money market rate . debtor-nations and others , Paul purchases was to reintroduce 30-year, According to James O'Leary, chief Volcker and Donald Reagan decided jixed-interest-rate mortgages, at rates economist for u.s. Trust, "the finan­ to pump up the consumer sector. They homebuyers could afford . Fixed-rate cial investors are not buying Ginnie didn't get a recovery , but they gotwhat mortgages had scarcely been seen for Maes as long-term investments, but they wanted-some improved, but a year and a half. short-term high yield investments. very temporary , statistics.

EIR July 26, 1983 Economics 13 Business Briefs

International Finance debt crisis, quoted at length the final decla­ tron weapons; for the agreement on creation ration of the Caracas Congress on Latin and progressive enlargement of nuclearfree British angered by American Political Thought. "This confer­ zones. ence brought together all the political and Using the slogan "It is better to die on Thatcher's Brazil stand intellectual 'heads' of the Latin-American your feet than to live on your knees," Kirk­ continent and devoted much of its labors to land posed "reservations" to the resolution, London's Daily Telegraph asserted in an reviewing the debt situation and studying which he helped write and nonetheless editorial July 14 that those members of the the ways and means of establishing a debt­ endorsed. international political and financial com­ ors' cartel and developing its action, with But Kirkland expressed no such concern who have attempted to force Brazil its obj ectives the declaration of a multilat­ when interviewed by an EIR associate, edi­ tomunity default arereckless and "insouciant," and eral debt moratorium, the mutual protection tor of the Swedish Energi & Utveckling are ignoring the effect this will have on the of member nations, and the collective rene­ magazine. He acknowledged that the Sovi­ world financial system: a complete collapse gotiation of debt. " ets are developing bearn weapons-an ef­ of the bankingsystem. After quoting the most important parts fort his resolution would prohibit the United In a second commentary, on Brazil, the of the Caracas declaration, La Vie Franfaise States from doing. Telegraph warned that if the International noted the upcoming July 24 meeting of the "What do you think of President Rea­ Monetary Fund forces Brazil to intensify the Andean Pact in Caracas: "The agenda is: the gan's 23rd of March proposal?" Kirkland conditions demanded in exchange actual establishment of the debtors' cartel was asked. forausterity loans , this will have "catastrophic con­ and its executive and defensive agencies. "Well, it's good if It could be done, but sequences" for the country's economy. Bra­ The rules of the international money game I'm afraid it's pie in the sky," Kirkland zil, the Telegraph noted, "may be preparing are changing. What the moratorium pushed replied. for a siege economy," in concert with other by the cartel can create is a geometry in "Do you think the Russians are working lbero-Americancountries, to counteract the which the real economy will regain its pri­ on it?" IMF's assault. macy over the financial cancer. " "Yes, it's likely ," said Kirkland. The editorials are the result of a fight Exposing Fed Chairman Volcker's plan "So you mean that the Russians are put­ occurring in Britain over the way British to bail out the U.S. banks, the article noted ting a lot of money into something that is pie Prime Minister Thatcher has thrown in her "the IMF is broke," and pointed out that in the sky. Is that likely?" he was asked. . lot with the Swiss banking community in Volcker's plans would entail a dollar Replied Kirkland, "What magazine did forcing a no-holds-barred confrontation with hyperinflation. you say you worked forT' Brazil over its debt. Insider sources in Lon­ don report that in mid-June Thatcher arm­ twisted the Bank of England to support the Swiss earlier in a move to bludgeon Brazil, Labor Policy Finances by refusing to give Brazil an extension on a OPEC millionpayment owed to the Bank for Kirkland disputes Arabs withdraw more International$400 Settlements-although the Bank of England was under pressure from own resolution foreign assets British commercial banks not to support the Swiss confrontation move. The International Congress of Free Trade The Arab oil-exporting countries increased "We have priorUY over the BIS in get­ Unions, at its June 23-30 congress, passed the rate of their withdrawals of deposits from ting repayment ," a British financial source a disarmament resolution favoring what Yuri foreign branches of U.S. banks during the stated, criticizing Thatcher's moves. BIS Andropov and his Third Rome forces want. first quarter of 1983. According to the Fed­ chairman Fritz "Leutwiler's statement was The heart of the resolution issued in Oslo, eral Reserve on March 31, the Middle East a disaster and a complete surprise" for Lon­ Norway states: oil exporters had a total of $13.23 billion don banks, the source noted. The ICFTUand its affiliates will press deposited with foreign branches of U.S. for: banks (a seven-year low) , down from $15.5 Cessation of nuclear weapons testing and billion at the end of 1982. The Fed reported production; for the pursuance and conclu­ that in the first three quarters of last year Ibero-America sion of bilateral agreementsbetween the U . S. Arab oil exporters held $17.6 billion in for­ and U.S.S.R. on reduction, limitation and eign branches of U.S. banks. La i i control of theatre and strategic nuclear OPEC's total deficitthis year is expected V e Franfa se: 'eve of weapons; in particular for the withdrawal to hit $70 billion. The traditionally wealthi­ third world debt battle ' and termination of SS-20s by the U.S.S.R. est oil exporter of the oil cartel, Saudi Ara­ and abandonment by the U.S. of deploy­ bia, has already officially announced a proj­ An article in the French business weekly La ment of Pershing II and cruise missles; and ected deficit of $10 billion this year. But Vie Franfaise, reporting on the Brazilian the production of enhanced radiation neu- other Arab sources project Saudi Arabia's

14 Economics EIR July 26, 1983 Briefly

AFRICAN DEPOSITS in U.S. deficit could be as high as $30 billion be­ optically cutting the long beam upinto pieces banks• abroad declined to $709 mil­ cause of drastic cutbacks in oil sales. Saudi and optically stacking those pieces into a lion by the end of the first quarter oil exports remain less than half their record single short pulse . Another pulse compres­ from $1.23 billion as of September high of more than 10 million barrels a day sion technique being developedat Lawrence 1982. of two years ago . Livermore National Lab is that of Raman THOMAS KOCHAN, nonlinear gas compression-during the in­ profes­ teraction with a gas the laser beam is reflect­ sor• of industrial relations at MIT's ed and compressed. Management School, boasted to EIR Technology Because of its short wavelength, ease of July 8, "We have not seen changesin construction and economy, the KrF is the labor contracts like this since the Los Alamos scores ideal near-term candidate for commercial 1930s. Paul Volcker has played a tre­ laser fusion power plants. mendously important role in this. He laser breakthrough has created widespread unemploy­ ment and the climate for changes Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory reports which otherwise may not have hap­ that it has achieved a major breakthrough in pened. In addition, the high interest the development of high power, short wave­ InternationalForecast rates have squeezed those basic in­ length gas lasers for both fusion and beam dustries which have collective bar­ weapons. In June Los Alamos researchers A rare bit of Swiss gaining contracts. The recovery will successfully firedthe world's most powerful be characterized by excess capacity krypton-flouride (KrF) laser. This system is economic sanity and unemployment, which will make the result of a program begun in March future changes possible." 1982 and represents both a scientific and The latest issue of the prestigious Swiss COUNT technological advance of great proportions. newsweekly, the Schweizerische Handels­ Otto von Lambsdorff, The facility was completed in recordtime zeitung (SHZ) carried a surprising interview •West German Minister of Econom­ and will put out a 20 kilojoule laser pulse in with F.T. Haner, head of the widely-known ics, called for "furtherexpanding and one microsecond when brought up to full risk-analysis firm BER! International. Un­ deepening of Soviet-West German power. The initial tests demonstrate, though, der the headline "Debt write-down," Haner cooperation in the economic, scien­ that the KrFlaser technology is economical, said, "Alone, a debt forgiveness, world­ tific, and technical fields," according readily scalable to high energies, and not wide, could adjust the payment obligations to a July 1 Izvestia account of an in­ overly complicated. The full 20 kilojoule of the overindebted 'threshhold nations' with terview Lambsdorff gave to Novosti output, which will be achieved in the near their long-term carrying and paying capaci­ Press agency. All of this would be future, represents a thousand fold scaleup ty , and thanks to this, allow industrial na­ discussed in an upcoming session of over previous levels . As Los Alamos sci­ tions to pursue trade with these important the Soviet-West German joint inter­ entist Allen Hunter noted in the press re­ clients .... The debt forgiveness would governmental commission, Lambs­ lease, these recent tests are most significant cause substantial capital losses for interna­ dorff said. in that they demonstrate that further scale­ tionally active banks . These losses should U.S. CORN ACREAGE ups to the megajoule level are feasible. be offset by the issue by the countries of planted This would be the sort of regime needed for residence or an internationalorganization of in• 1983 is the lowest on record, ac­ both laser fusion and beam weapon guaranteed , low-interest rate, long term se­ cording to the U.S. Department of applications . curities that would replace the assets in the Agriculture . Corn planting this year The KrF is a short wavelength, .25 mi­ balance sheets of the banks ." covers 60.1 million acres, down 27 crons, gas laser which operates with effi­ Haner reported that he expects a world percent from 1982; and planting for ciencies above 5 percent . The KrF gas is debt conference in 1985, but "until then, other grain was estimated at 52.5 mil­ excited to a lasing mode by injecting a high several financialc rises will break out. Even lion acres, down 28 percentfrom the power electron beam. Because of its poten­ beforethe end of this year, Mexico will find year before. USDA estimates sorgh­ tially compact size, short wavelength and itself unable to service its debt service. Bra­ um planting at 11.6 million acres, the efficiency, the KrF is an excellent candidate zil and the Philippines will have to declare a lowest since 1949. for both space-based and ground-based anti­ debt moratorium within the next few months. ROBERT HOLZACH, missile defense. For both inertial confine­ In early 1984, the newly-elected Argentine head of ment fusion applications, though, the KrF government will repudiate the debts in­ the• Union Bank of Switzerland, ex­ laser pulse output will have to be greatly curred by its predecessors. " plained Swiss policy toward debtors compressed in order to achieve the required Haner further warned against the "fool­ in a speech he gave in New York City hundred terrawatt power levels . Dr. Hunter ish assumption" that the United States could July 10: "Sovereignty is no substitute for solvency." noted that this can be achieved by multiplex­ or would bail out every nation-a rare piece ing the laser beam. Multiplexing consists of of sanity to appear in the Swiss press.

EIR July 26, 1983 Economics 15 TIillSpecialReport

The surfacing of Holy Mother Rus : a documentary report by Criton Zoakos, Director of Intelligence

During March 1983 , and in reaction to President Reagan's March 23rd speech announcing the new U.S. Strategic Doctrine based on high energy laser beam weapons fo r anti-missile defense, the Soviet Union underwent a qualitative "par­ adigm shift, " in its military,fo reign, and domestic policy into what is best char­ acterized as a "Third and Final Rome" messianic orientation. EIR contributing editor Lyndon H. LaRouche, Jr. presented this conclusion in "Yuri Andropov: 'Czar of Holy Mother Russia, ' " published in these pages on June 14, 1983 . Soviet policy at this time is determined by imperial messianic motivations shaped by the "Blood and Soil" ideology of "Holy Mother Rus, " whose fo reign policy compo­ nent is the establishment of an imperial world hegemony known in Russian policy traditions as the "Third and Final Rome." With this Special Report we begin to present the documentation of events and processes which led to this astonishing but comprehensible result. All fo ur main institutional sources of power of the U.S.S.R .-Mr. Andropov's KGB , Mr. Chernenko's CPSU, Marshal Ogarkov's ArmedForces of the U.S.S.R., and Patriarch Pimen's Russian Orthodox Church­ share this "Holy Mother Rus" perspective . Patriarch Pimen, however, because of the character of the process in question, plays the dominant if less visible role. Thisfirstdocumentary reportf ocuses on the processes by which the Soviet General Staffarrived at its present "Holy Mother Rus" orientation. Subsequent reports will present the parallel processes which occurred over the years within the KGB establishment of Mr. Andropov, within Otto Kuusinen's, Eugen Varga's and Anastas Mikoyan' s Communist Party, and within the Russian Orthodox Church.

Until 1961 , the works of Fyodor Dostoievsky were illegal in the Soviet Union. During that year, the Soviet Communist Party started limited publication of Dos­ toievsky's work. Today, the Soviet book market is flooded with his works. Dos­ toievsky today is immensely popular--exactly because he represents the extreme form of Holy Rus chauvinism, expressed thusly in his book The Possessed:

If a great people doesn't believe that only in it is the truth (precisely in it and exlusively in it), if it doesn 't believe that it alone is capable of

16 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 furi Gagarin. the first man in space. rendered as a Russian peasant­ hero. in this icon-like painting that appeared in the Soviet weekly Ogonyok in 1981 . It was accompaniedby crudely chauvinistic text. entitled "Son of Russia ... and called to resurrect and save everyone with its faith, then digm shift" occurredin the moral, emotional, and intellectual it instantly stops being a great people and instantly turns life of the entire Soviet population, which has been ignored into ethnographic material. ... A truly great people can in the West by all except a very few astute but isolated never be reconciled to a secondary role in humanity, or even observers. Most of our intelligence agencies and think tanks to a primary one, but absolutely and exclusively to the role either ignored or misinterpretedthe events. In recapitulating of the first. Whoever loses this faith is already not a people. this process of cultural/affective transformation of the But there is a single truth, and it follows that only one of U.S.S.R., we shall limit our report to a certain number of the peoples can have the true God. selected events which, however, possess the characteristics of "crucial experiment," events whose occurrence proves Who this "true God" is, was explained by the Ukrainian the existence of large-scale processes at work. Communist Party daily newspaper Pravda Ukrainy in a lengthy article on June 10, 1983: A generation of Clerical-Ukrainian nationalist ideologists abroad and in the Vatican have raised a new wave of anti­ Dostoievskians communist propaganda in connection with the ap­ First, the case of Mikhail Lobanov, staff member, from proaching [Russian Orthodox Church jubilee, the mil­ 1968 to the present time, of the Communist Party youth lennium of Christianity in Rus1 . They are preaching magazine For the past 15 years he has the idea of an eternal religiosity among the Slavs and been indoctrMolodinatingaya the Gvar entdiireya. younger generation of the So­ call Christianity in Kievan Rus the Catholic one. viet population, the generation which is just about now en­ The fabrications about the Catholic origms of tering positions of responsibility and decision making in the Christianity in our country do not correspond to his­ government, in the spirit of Dostoievskianism, typified by torical reality because Kievan Rus introduced Chris­ his 1968 article "Prosveshchennoe meshchanstvo" ("Enlight­ tianity from B zantium, not from Rome. To spread ened Philistinism"), published in the April 1968 issue of Catholicism, Romany Popes, allied with lay feudal lords, Molodaya Gvardiya . repeatedly organized expedition� against Russian lands. The meshchanstvo [petty bourgeoisie, philistin­ However, their attempts failed to bring any success ism] goes about its business in a very up-to-date way. to the Catholic expansion . It considers itself abreast of all the latest developments Between the 1961 re -introduction of Dostoievsky and in science and world progress. It just loves the piquant the 1983 Communist Party defense of Ea�tem Orthodoxy aspects of science-heart transplants, flying sau­ against Roman Catholicism. a tremendous cultural "para- cers .... It loves to talk about physics and lyrics,

EIR July Special Report 17 26, 1983 about this orthat electronic theory of immortality, and what then will be left of that people in the memory so on .... of mankind? Having no thoughts of its own , the meshchanstvo As long as a nation has not been paralysed into takes everything it can get hold of and turns it into set forms, as long as its inner forces are still powerfully something b�nal. Even great thoughts, great names fermenting, albeit potentially--then there is historical banalized . It tries to take individual genius and hope. Can there be any such hope when the nation is pasteare onto it a special little word to annihilate the brought down to the level of the simplest pragmatic significance of the heroic thought of the great man: ideals and needs? This simplification is infectious in Rousseau---"Rousseauism"; Tolstoy-"fatalism". . the present world. Americanism of the spirit affects The meshchanstvohas a "mini"-language, "mini"­. . other peoples. National feelings are already being thoughts , "mini"-feelings. Everything is "mini." And termed an anachronism. What can be the fate of peo­ theRodina [Motherland] for them is "mini". '. ' . They ples when, in the words of one foreign sociologist, cannot imagine any other audience for themselves than Europe is nothing but a single industrial mechanism, mankind as a whole, no particular people [Russian: where the interrelations between the many-tribed mass narod] . The people for them is something provincial. wholly determinedby technical and organizational Culture is an organic plant, unthinkable outside factors?are Integration is the word which these advocates the soil of its own people ....In the history of peo­ of a "unifiedorganism" use to spiritually enlighten the ples, one can recall periods when the oppressed, the peoples who have been contaminated by the national as it were uneducated people gave birth through the "anachronism." Integrate in order to scrape clean that organs of its self-consciousness-its national artistic wild remnant of the nation, the people, in order to geniuses--to the imperishable values of culture . move everyone around in a universal industrial dance. [They] have forgotten how to laugh. But look at So that neither the spirit, nor the memory of the past, a healthy muzhik [Russian peasant] , his good-natured nor language itself will remain from these peoples­ physiognomy-you think. how his open, good-na­ unburdened by all these relics, how much more suc­ tured laughter brightens up his soul. . . cessful will not the regulation of this "unified organ­ Imagine how [Alexander] Herzen fe lt. , having left ism" be. No matter that this "integration" in the peo­ Russia for the sake of "freedom of speech" in Europe, ples leads to the disappearance of the Atlantis of orig­ and then beginning to suffocate in that Europe from inal culture . that instead of a beautiful meadow dotted the miasma of bourgeois banality. Then how Herzen with flowers there stretches out some sort of naked burst out: "I began with a cry of joy as I crossed the asphalt highway, that the leveling leads to a stand­ border, and now I have completed my spiritual return ardization that is disastrous for creativity. to the Motherland. Faith in Russia saved me when I Sooner or later, these two irreconcilable forces­ was on the verge of moral disaster." moral originality and Americanism of the spirit-will Imagine Herzen' s horror as he had fled across the come into a conflict to the death. border, full of hopes and faith in European spirital Lobanov ended his essay with the story of how he re­ prosperity, and then it turned out that there is no cently returned to his own rural home village and was sitting spiritual flourishing. but only "a petty and dirty milieu in a small hut with local villagers. One of them had been . of meshchanstvo which, like slime, covers of France a highly decorated soldier in the War, but he said nothing with its greenness"-shopkeepers, the bourgoisieall , a himself. faceless human paste .... One can imagine the question being posed to Her­ And that heroic Russian man sat unobtrusively zen by an imaginary opponent: "So you talk about the there in the comer. with only the trace of a shy Russian people , you sympathize with them for their smile ....Later, as we were returning through the sufferings. But what will happen when that people woods in a snowstorm, it occurred to me : Leo Tolstoy reach well-being, when it reaches prosperity? Are you knew his people . No wonder he loved his Tushin. sure that then, lacking that universal hunger without These were the people who saved Russia. And are which a Russian cannot survive, our people will have they not the embodiment of the historical and moral any depth of spirit? Will it be prepared to deliver a potential of the people? Are they not our faith and shock for the renewal of mankind? not the bour­ hope? geoisness which you so despise devourWill the body of the people?" Herzen would have replied: "Bourgeois Russia?! May Russia be spared that curse !" Chalmayev: epic Russian soap opera There is no more cruel enemy of a people than Second. the case of Chalmayev, regular writer of the trial of bourgeois prosperity. It is tantamount to Molodaya Gvardiya andVictor author of at least eight major novels paralysis for the creative genius of the people. And reeking of Mother Rus chauvinism between 1970 and 1982.

18 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 Chalmayev, in whose honor the term "Chalmayevism" was spiritual forces which nurtured [Raskolnik leader, the coined in Soviet literary circles, wrote the article "Inevitabil­ fanatical Archpriest] A vvakum and [his contempo­ ity" in the September 1968 issue of Molodaya Gvardiya, rary, Patriarch] Nikon, these fiery surges and dreams. whose essence is characterizedby the following: From them it forges the foundation for feats on behalf of the State. Once in a hundred years the Russian The modem-day young person is probably sur­ People emerges for a Poltava or a Stalingrad, but it prised to see that in the historical novels of recent takes a century to prepare for it. One must never years such a prominent role is played by ...tsars , flippant towards the Motherland-a soul made emptybe great princes, and along with them-but by no means by lack of faith will never one day become a Donskoi below them-patriarchs and other princes of the or a Bagration or a Matrosov. And even the religious Church, Raskolniki [Old Believers] , and anchorites. energy of the Russians-perhaps not always, but very Of course, this is not an idealization of monarchism, frequently-was in the past transformed into a feat of even though Aleksei Mikhailovich in the works of Vs. arms, into creative inspiration, in other words, into Ivanov, and Prince Yaroslav the Bold in Val. Ivanov, goals which were far from religious. and the founder of Tbilisi Vakhtang Gorgasal, the Georgian Tsar of the 5th century and the hero of G. Leonidze's poem "Samgori" are shown in the full majesty of their patriotic feats , their State reason, and their personal courage .... A review oj Soviet published This is the history of a people which sometimes by evolutionary means and sometimes by means of sources during the 1970s and revolutionary outburst proceeded from one form of up to 1983 leaves no doubt that State and social consciousness, created by the concrete systems analysis has now conditions of its historical existence, to another, more progressive form , until it reaches the highest form of offi Cially replaced 'Marxism­ social and State organisation of society-scientific Leninism' as the state doctrine oj communism and socialist democracy. But that does the U.S.S.R. Injact, numerous not mean that the entirety of centuries-long pre-his­ tory, the spiritual life of the Russian people and the books and 'scientifictreatises ' other peoples of the U.S.S.R. should be condemned have been published throughout to oblivion. Alongside the temporary, the transitory, the U.S.S.R. whichjustify there is also in the efforts of Peter the First, Ivan Groznyi, and in the attempts of the reformers of the 'Marxism-Leninism's' right Church to change, for the sake of the Motherland, the to exist on grounds that it is a Byzantine idea of renunciation of the world as the reasonable 'subset' oj systems main feat of man, something majestic, which inspires us too with the thoughts of feats of historical creativity. analysis.

A great country cannot live without deep pathos, without inner enthusiasm; otherwise, it becomes over­ whelmed by flabbiness and torpidity. What was need­ With genuine historicism, Vs. Ivanov depicts all ed was the all-overshadowing idea which leads minds the phases of the Raskolniki movement, portraying to fiery passion-the unifying Rus. them not as something deliberately dark, savage, and What unique characters-pearls of the spirit of the sinister, but as naive, spontaneous attempts of the people-were produced by the epoch of the Raskol people to create an ideal Russia, a beacon of goodness [the late- 17th century schism in Russian Orthodoxy] . an� humanity. In essence there was a historical paradox: the Ras­ Undoubtedly [the suicide of the Raskolniki] is far kolniki burned in the fires, and Russia seemed in the from a universal solution to life, but there is in it a eyes of Europeans to be the counterpole of Reason. considerate, filial attitude towards the Motherland It had sunk into unfathomable sectarianism, wild fa­ which is completely lacking in the "logical" arguments naticism, and, after two or three decades, it then surges of the traitor. forward, catches up with and surpasses Europe , and Both serfdom and capitalism are a sliver which the moderate and prudent inhabitants of the German does not have room for the thousand year-old, renew­ settlement [the foreign quarter in Moscow] began to ing Rus of the People. tremble like cockroaches in the cracks. The popular organism sort of "stores up" these This mentality is by no means typical only for the Kom-

EIR July 26, 1983 Special Report 19 somol or only for Molodaya Gvardiya magazine, which we terestin historical themes and his striving to resurrect singled out because of the special role it has played in and visibly incarnate the decisive moments in the fate indoctrinating the current generation of young adults in the of the Motherland. For, as the well-known truth says, Soviet Union. This chauvinist spirit also pervades the mass to love means to know, and it is impossible to love circulationLiteraturnaya Gazeta, the mass circulation week­ what you don't know. ly Ogonyok, the prestige mass circulation "fat journals"Nash But knowledge of the history, philosophy, and Sovremennik, Moskva, and others . The hegemony of the culture of the past is necessary not only for work on Dostoievskian-Mother Rus chauvinist spirit is exemplified historical themes. Philosophical comprehension of by the fact that the 7,OOO-member-plus Russian Union of reality, historical method of thought, and considera­ Writersis dominated by the cultural mafiaaround the current tion of the moral and aesthetical experience of the past "dean " of Russian chauvinist fictional writing, Sergei Mik­ are all necessary conditions for creating artistic works halkov and his son Nikita Mikhalkov. Mikhalkov was the on contemporary subjects as well. I. Glazunov's work man who in 1943 wrote the lyrics for the new Soviet national fulfills these requirements with enviable fullness. He anthem which, during that time replaced the "Internation­ does not allow himself merely to "respond to" one or ale. " It is Mikhalkov's Soviet national anthem, performed another phenomenon of contemporary life by focuss­ today, which characterizes the Soviet Union as "an un­ ing on its external aspects. He uncovers the inner breakable union of free republics forged by Great Russia." tension of action and creates each work on the basis of spiritual values accumulated by many generations, Glazunov: 'The Mystery of the assessing the affairs and actions of today by lofty Twentieth Century' ideological, moral, and aesthetic criteria. Therefore The "Mikhalkov Mafia" starting from its hegemony in his heroes who are contemporary people building a the field of fictional writing has also established hegemony new life, in a sense stand facing the past, the present in painting and the cinematic arts . As of 1982, "Socialist and the future at once .... Realism " has been officially dropped as the state-approved With what love and knowledge the artist speaks style of art and, by means of a government-announcedpolicy about the events of the fatherland's history, about article, has been replaced by "Glazunovism. " lIya Glazunov monuments of national culture!. . . is the chauvinist painter sponsored by the Mikhalkovs, who IIya Glazunov is an artist who takes an active for yearshas been producing enormous canvasses of military position in life. He travels a lot in our country and and chauvinistic themes executed in the Byzantine-icono­ visits the hottest spots on the planet. . . . A great graphic style of the Kievan Rus period. One of his most creative achievement of this artist was his monumental atrocious works-a large, complex canvass domiRate_d by painting "The Contribution of the Peoples of the Soviet the haunting portrait of Dostoievsky and originally titled Union to World Culture and Civilization," given to "The Mystery of the Twentieth Century"-was donated by UNESCO by the Soviet Union. the Soviet government to UNESCO. Izvestia's Novikov published the following on Feb. 7, 1982 in bestowingV. official TheIzvestia item was published barely two weeks after stateblessings on Glazunov: the death of Mikhail Suslov.

In contemporary Soviet depictive art, it would be Cinema: Rasputin hardto name another artist, whose work has attracted as national hero such interested attention and such stable interest as The "Mikhalkov Mafia,"also exerts control over Soviet that of IIya Sergeyevich Glazunov. . . . cinema as well. Two films known to the West are typical of It is now impossible to imagine our depictive art Holy Mother Rus chauvinism: Siberiade, an epic about the without Glazunov's paintings "Russian Icarus," "Two resiliency of the ancient Russian starik, the eternal wise "An­ Princes, " "Prince Igor," "A Russian Beauty," "The cient of the Days" who typefiesthe mentality of raskol' nik­ Motherland," the series of canvases dedicated to the ism; secondly, the scandalous Agonia, an epic film which 600th anniversary of the Battle of Kulikovo Field, glorifies and rehabilitates to full historicaljust ification none without his brilliant illustrations for the works of Dos­ other than the monk Rasputin, the mystic manipulator of the toievsky, Leskov, Goncharov , Nekrasov and other last Romanov Czar, Nikolai II! The film portrays Rasputin Russian writers ..... as the passionate personificationof the resilient, passionate, The work of I. Glazunov is illuminated by the mystical, patriotic Russian peasant who shall never cease truth of life, by a lofty feeling of the Motherland. struggle to save his beloved Mother Rus, who shall persist in In its breadth, this feeling is comparable with the his endeavors to save her despite all odds, despite the fact endlessness of Russia's expanses, and its depth is that her Czar, before the great crisis, is weak and irresolute. commensurate with the age-old depths of the being of Czar Nicholas II is portrayedin the filmas merely a king not the Russian people, its glorious history. This is the experienced enough and not resolute enough for the circum­ source of the artist's consistent and inexhaustible in- stances: a pathetic actor in the great drama of history who,

20 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 however, is good enough to allow the heroic peasant mystic rationalize the shift into chauvinism. However, rationaliza­ to try to save Mother Rus. This film was produced during tion or not, the massive outbreak of Holy Mother Rus chau­ 1972-73 but was not shown to the Soviet public until 1981. vinism was proceeding by great strides. The inspirator was In 1982 it was shown at the Venice Film Festival and was the theRussian OrthodoxChur ch, which today claims 60 million "shocker" of the year. believe membership three times as great as that of the Communistrs-a Party . The secular brand of this chauvinism is organizedby the Rossiya Society, whose officialname is the What happened to All-Russian Society for the Preservation of Monuments of History and of Culture. In 1982 its membership stood at 14 'Marxism-Leninism'1 million. From 1981 to 1982 that membership grew by two At the end of the 1960s, there was still serious official million. Its leading inspirator and second ranking official is Soviet opposition to this new Dostoievskian-chauvinist Academician D. Likhachev, who, in his voluminous his­ Alexander Yanov of Berkeley Universtity, an immigranttrend. toricalworks , has been arguing for adoption of the ideal of from the U.S.S.R., describes in his book The Russian New the "Thirdand Final Rome" since 1947. Right how Leonid Brezhnev, then at the height of his power was in fact defeated by the "Chalmayevist" tendency. After The rise of systems analysis numerous complaints from Brezhnev, one Vasilii Shauro, A review of Soviet published sources during the 1970s chief of the Central Committee's Culture Division, sent the and up to 1983 leaves no doubt that systems analysis has now Director of Molodaya Gvardiya, Yu. Melentsev, to a meet­ officiallyreplaced "Marxism-Leninism" as the state doctrine ing with Brezhnev to explain his policies of cultural chauvin­ of the U.S.S.R. In fact, numerous books and "scientifictrea­ ism and seek further support. Reportedly, Brezhnev an­ tises" have been published throughout the U.S.S.R. which swered: ''There is no place for you, not even in the Party, let justify "Marxism-Leninism's" right to exist on grounds that alonethe Central Committee." The following day, Melentsev it is a reasonable "subset" of systems analysis. All of these was dropped from the Central Committee but he was made items have been authoredby prominent leaders of the Soviet Deputy Culture Minister of the Russian Soviet SocialistRe­ Academy of Sciences, most of whom also members of public. By 1978 he was the Minister of Culture of theRussian . theCentral Committee of the CPSU. Forare example , the current Soviet Socialist Republic; and Shauro remained in his pow­ editor in chief of Pravda. V. Afanasyev, a member of the erful Central Committee staff job, working in tandem with Philosophy Department of the Academy of Sciences and government Minister of Culture Petr Demichev, a patron prolific writerof books on systems analysis, summarizes his of the Holy Mother Rus movement. philosophical world outlook in the following sentence: "The Subsequent to Brezhnev' s defeat by Melentsev, a second advancesof modern science and its practical application con­ attempt was made by the Central Committee's Marxist op­ clusively show that the surrounding world-both material ponents of the new trend . An official of the Central Commit­ and ideal-is comprised not of individual isolated objects, tee, A. N. Yakovlev, launched an attack against Molodaya phenomena andproc esses, but by sets of interconnected and Gvardiya and "Chalmayevism" in late 1972 and early 1973. interacting objects-systemic, integral formations of a cer­ He had an article published against Molodaya Gvardiya in tain kind. " the monthly Kommunist, organ of the Central Committee; Among the three-hundred members of the Soviet Central and he caused a special session of the Secretariat of the Committee, the single largest identifiable bloc of leaders is Central Committee to be held to discuss the fate of the Mo­ the military leadership. And conversely, the Soviet Defense lodaya Gvardiya's editorial board. The Cultural Division of Ministry has more Central Committee members in it than any the Central Committee protected Molodaya Gvardiya , and otherministry. The second largest group or well-definedbloc its editorial board was not touched. Yakovlev was politely in theCentral Committee is those members and associates of thrown out of the Central Committee and sent to Canada as the Academy of Sciences who proponents of the systems ambassador. analysis approach. Their ranksare in the Central Committee Today, the ideology of the Holy Mother Rus is dominant include Leonid Zamyatin, Vadim Zagladin, Georgi Ar­ in the U.S.S.R. It pervades every institution of the Social batov, Pyotr Fedoseyev (vice president of the Academy Sciences Division of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, pro­ under Anatoly Alexandrov and chief of the Social Sciences · viding the "scientific"ju stification for this dramatic abandon­ Division of the Academy), V. Afanasyev of Pravda, and ment of "Marxism-Leninism," "Proletarian International­ others close to the Central Committee and the Politburo by ism," "Socialist Realism," and "Dialectical Materialism." family and. other relation: Julian Bromley (president of the As we shall document below, this "scientific"just ification is Academy's Ethnology Institute), Boris Lomov (presidentof based on the introduction, on a large scale throughout the Psychology Institute of the Academy), Ivan FroIov (chief 1970s, of "systems analysis" as the officially accepted sci­ ofthe the Philosophy Department's Scientificand Technological entific methodology in Soviet scientific organizations. Sub­ Revolution section), Dzhermen Gvishiani, Anatolii Gro­ sequently, systems analysis was extensively employed to myko (Africa Institute), Yuri Kosygin, Igor Andropov,

EIR July 26, 1983 Special Report 21 Yeo Primakov (Geidar Aliyev's right-hand man), D. Lik­ Problems of Ethnography. Essays on Theory and History, hachev (Mr. Third Rome himself), Vitalii Kobysh (a regular Bromley develops the following general theory: Ethnic units on the Soviet "peace" movement circuit), and Holy-Cowboy are of great variety ranging from tribes to nationalities to Alexander Bovin, China-card chief M. Kapitsa, chief of nations. Successfulethnic units are those which are carrying the Soviet Pugwash Committee Academician M. Markov , their "ethnic properties" in geographically compact loca­ and others . tions; less successful are those which are scattered. The Systems analysis was introduced into the Soviet Union place of pride among "compact ethnic formations" is oc­ as an official state cult at the same time as Yuri Andropov cupied by those nations which are capable of creating those was made chief of the KGB and member of the Politburo: types of "social organisms," (i.e., the state apparatus, eco­ 1967 -68. It firstappeared in the form of the Systems Analysis nomic apparatus, etc.) which ensure the successful repro­ ResearchInstitute runjointly by the Science and Technology duction of the nation. These "ethno-socialorganisms" which Committee of Gvishiani and the Soviet Academy of Sci­ arise from within the successful nations "in many cases ences, P. Fedoseyev's Social Sciences division. From there, possess relative independence which ensures the most fa­ it gradually became hegemonic in every policy institution vorable conditions for the stability of the ethnos and its starting from the State Planning Commission of N. Baiba­ reproduction." (Social Sciences, 1982, 2 p. 240). kov, to the Institute of Ethnography of Julian Bromley, to Thus, Soviet ethnography, as practiced by the scientific theInstitute of Psychology of Boris Lomov; to Pravda itself and political leaders who run the U.S.S.R. 's so-called na­ under Afanasyev. Its application to so-called ethnology and tionalities policy, has provided a systematic rationalization psychology led, ultimately, to the adoption of the Rome for the revival of the Third Rome. paradigm shift. Third The context in which such ideas were formulated is the In the end of 1981, Academician Julian Bromley was telltale: From the beginning of the 1970s, the Soviet lead­ decorated by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet with the ership has been trying to come, to grips with the two most Order of the October Revolution for his achievements in pervasive and intractable problems of social and economic historical and ethnological science. He is director of the In­ management: the so-called problem of motivation, which stitute of Ethnography of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sci­ has pervaded every Party discussion including the June 14- ences, deputy chief academic secretary of the Presidium of 16, 1983, Central Committee Plenum, and the problem of theAcademy of Sciences, chairman of the ScientificCouncil theso-called "technological bottlenecks" which prevents the for Nationalities Problems, etc . Bromley's philosophy ex­ Soviet economy fromabsorbing the kinds of advanced tech­ plains, in part, the root-causes ofthe "Third Rome" paradigm nological investments which Soviet science could supply on shift. In the beginning of 1983, he wrote in the magazine a scale sufficiently large to make any difference in the ci­ Social Sciences: vilian economy. Every single solitary gimmick of incentives, motivation campaigns, etc. based on "Marxist-Leninist"ap ­ The human race today falls into a multitude of peals or "material incentives" has failed miserably. Neither different historically formed communities, such as race, Soviet workers, nor Soviet managers display the slightest class, family, state , etc . Among these human com­ interest in technological innovation and improvement of munities a special place is occupied by units now work in general. Hence, the systems analysis boys at the customarily referred to as ethnic: tribe, nationality, . Academy of Sciences have been occupying themselves with nation, ethnic group, etc . According to very conserv­ the quest for a solution. ative estimates, the human race has inherited from the past at least two or three thousand of these units. They differ enormously-both in the level of development The psyche as belly-button and in size-ranging from archaic by origin, nation­ The slogan was presented by the Academy of Sciences alities, and even tribes which now have only thou­ that "anything goes" in the effort to supply "motivation" to sands, if not hundreds of members, to nations of many thepopulati on. Revealing is an article by B. Lomov, director millions. Characteristically, 11 peoples alone consti­ of the Institute of Psychology of the Academy of Sciences, tute almost 50 percent of mankind. The seven largest published in the end of 1982, entitled: The Study of the Laws exceed 100 million each. They are: Chinese (938 mil­ of the Psyche. lion), Hindustanis (180.5 million), U.S. Americans That article, which has to read to be believed, essen­ (172.2 million), Bengalis (138.7 million), Russians tially addresses the subject ofbe "psychic phenomena" and (138.6 million), Japanese (115.7 million), and Bra­ "motivation" in the same context. Psychic phenomena, ac­ zilians (112 million). At the same time, the almost cording to Lomov, do exist. The problem is that some people 1,500 small peoples numbering up to 100,000 each, insist that "psychic phenomena" cannot be explained by "ob­ account for less than one per cent of the world's jective laws." population. In the view of some scholars, man as a whole In a book published in 1981, entitled Contemporary cannot be objectively cognized; there are essential

22 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 aspects of his inner experiences which by the� very nections of the material world." nature cannot be objectively grasped and are only Then systems analysis is introduced in a grand way: accessible to the intuition that replaced causal expla­ If the psyche did not play the functionsof reflecting nation. Failureto understand that the psychical is in­ the environment and regulating behavior, it would cluded in theuniversal interconnections of thematerial . simply be unnecessary; if behavior did not include world's phenomena and is subject to objective laws, these functions, it could not be an adequate response also leads to declarations that it is a world in itself to the environment. Hence the need for considering existing in space ofits own. the behavioral act and the psychical process involved After this introductory assertion that hesychastic om­ in it as a single system. . . . Let us pointout that this phaloscopy is grounded on "objective laws," the director of systems approach requires a somewhat different view the Psychology Institute of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Sci­ from the frequently adopted one , of the events and ences proceedsto theproblem of "motivation." The essential external influences that are usually assessed as the question: 'Yhat is really, the relationship between the "in­ causes of behavioral acts. Quite a few concept� and dividual" and the "environment"? What is the interaction theoretical models have been worked out in modem between "environment" and "soul"? Why do different "in­ psychology and contiguous sciences. Without going dividual personalities," stimulated by the same external en­ into the details of these models, let us note merely vironment, produce different kinds of "behavior"? It is ev­ that all these concepts and models regard activity and ident, says Lomov, that even if you control theenvironment, behavior as a system with a complex structure. [em­ you stillcannot controlthe behavior of the individual within phasis in the original]. . . . An extremely difficult the controlled environment. So, ''The external conditions point about the analysis of determination of activity can only act through the mediacy of man's psychological and behavior is the fact that this activity is a self­ characteristicsand propert ies. It is the psyche that constitutes regulating system and, therefore, an extremely dy­ the necessarily mediating the connections between ex­ namic one ... . most comprehensive studies of ternallink: influences and behavioral acts. Thus, the psychical the problem of self-regulationThe of activity have been is included in the integral series of cause-and-effect con- made by O. A. Konopkin. He showed that the pos-

EIR Special Report

NOW AVAILABLE Will Moscow Become the Third Rome? How the KGB Controls the Peace Movement

May 24, twenty-five high-level Soviet intelligence agents gathered in MinneapolOn is, Minnesota with leaders of the U.S. peacemovement to plan how to use the arms-controlmovement to topple the Reagan administra­ tion and put an end to the strategy for defense against nuclear war the U.S. President announced March 23-a policy that would give the United States the power to stop Soviet leader Yuri Anclropov's drive for world empire, making the Moscow.the third and final Rome. One month later, "Briefingate" of Reagan erupts.

ThisreP.Qrt includes: / • Interviewswith British and Swiss observers of the Eastern and Western churches on the current the Rome strategy. • statusspeech of ThirdRussian OrthodoxPatriarch Pimen in May attackingthe policy of using Thebeam-weapons by for defense. 1982, • grid the movements of Russian Orthodox, Anglican, and Roman Catholic figures over the Apast of showing their collaboration in setting up the present "peace movement." • eyear,ewi n ess report on the Minneapolis conference. • AnWho's y Who t of the Soviet and Westernparticipants in the Minneapolis conference. • AInterviews with leading Sovietintelligence officialsrevealing their "peace" strategy for the States. United is available from EIR fo r $250.00. Thereport ormation ·or call: Special Services, For further inf write Em William Engdahl, (212) 247-8820. sibility of psychical reflection of the object, instru­ in the behavioral act. It is this factor that determines ments, and conditions of activity enables man to reg­ in each concrete case the specificity of the psychical ulate the reception and processing of information, the reflectionof the object, the instruments and conditions speed of responses, the tempo of work and, more of activity, as well as the level of dynamics of its broadly, the expenditure of the operator's resources. regulation. Depending on this factor, one and the same According to Kovac, personality self-regulation per­ law may be manifested, and is inevitably manifested, mits to some extent the overcoming of the effect of in different ways. The system-fo rming fa ctor sets the external determination. That strongly interferes, of direction of the action of a law, as it were. The causes course, with the analysis of cause-and-effect connec­ affecting the system may be similar or even identical, tions in behavior and activity. . . . A complicating but the effects may be different and even contradic­ factor is that in psychological studies we often run tory, and vice versa. Their connections, however, may into situations where cause and effe ct are separated reveal one and the same law. The effe cts systematically by a time interval. which may be quite long ....Let produced by the given cause depend on the system­ us indicate one more important point bearing on the fo rming fa ctors. relation between cause and effect in time. In analyzing The system-forming factors of man's behavior and behavioral acts, we often tend to regard a single event activity may be: motives, goals, tasks, attitudes, sub­ preceding a certain act as the cause of the latter. In jective personal relations, emotional states, etc . The actual fact, however, a whole series of events pre­ question of what functions as a system forming factor ceding the behavioral' act in question may prove to be in various kinds of behavioral acts and actions requires the real cause. Each of them taken singly does not special analysis. The question naturally arises as to produce an effect-only their accumulation does, as where the system-forming factor originates and how well as retaining the information about these acts in it is determined and formed? Briefly, it may be said memory . As Sechenov wrote: "Any spiritual move­ to be formed and to develop in man's life in society. ment, no matter how elementary, is the result of all To understand the laws of formation of the system­ the past and present development of man." That is to forming factor, we have to go beyond the analysis of say, psychological studies often deal with cause-and­ separate behavioral acts, turning to another level and effect relations which might be called cumulative. It another scale of consideration of man's vital activity. should be added that man'S psychic development as But that is a different task requiring special well as the process of formation of his activity is consideration. heterochronous in character. For this reason, one and the same cause produces one set of results with regard to certain constituents and quite a different set of re­ Geidar Aliyev's sults with regard to other constituents. [cf. : Third Rome fo r Great Russians, Islamic Marxism fo r Central 'new style of leadership' Asians, etc.] General Secretary Andropov's and Secretary Konstan­ tin Chernenko's speeches at the recent Central Committee Then, Lomov continues: meeting gave specific marching orders to 1) the "Social Sci­ Generally speaking, correlation of causes and ef­ ences," and 2) the means of mass propaganda and education. fects in time has an exceptionally great significance These outfits are a finite, known quantity and so is their for psychological research and so requires special leadership. At the top, is the Social Sciences Division of the methodological investigation. In studying behavior, Academy of Sciences. Chief of SOCial Sciences at the Acad­ we come up against facts that bear evidence of pre­ emy is Central Committee member Pyotr Fedoseyev, author determination, simultaneous determination, and post­ of numerous works on the systems analysis nature of "Marx­ determination. It may be assumed that the specificity ism-Leninism," recipient of many decorations, etc . Right of temporal determination of the psyche is essentially under him Julian Bromley's Institute of Ethnology , which connected with its reflective nature . . . . Still, the runs the "nationalitiesare policy"; B. Lomov's Institute of Psy­ question remains: why does one and the same person chology, which profiles both the labor force and various act in different ways under similar conditions? It is ethnic sectors of the popUlation in searchof "system-forming hardly satisfactory to assume that different cases are factors"; then comes Systems Analyst Academician V. Afan­ explained by different laws. This explanation does not asyev's Pravda; Academician Boris Ponomaryov's Inter­ eliminate the question, Why? Why is one case ex­ national Section of the Central Committee; Geidar Aliyev's plained by this law and a different case by another (and Yeo Primakov's) Oriental Institute; Georgi Arbatov's law? We believe that the concept of system-forming U.S.A.-Canada Institute; Anatolii Gromyko's Africa Insti­ fa ctor suggested by P. Anokhin, is extremely im­ tute; V. Volskii's Latin AmericaInstitute; the late Maj. Gen. portant for revealing the cause and effect connections Metropolitan Nikodim's Russian Orthodox Church; Dj er-

24 SpecialReport EIR July 26, 1983 men Gvishiani's Systems Analysis Research Institute; Aca­ by Gvishiani, Y. Ovchinnikov, P. Fedoseyev, A. Alexan­ demician M. Markov's Soviet Pugwash Committee; and drov, et al. Its work is to direct the methodological ap­ Academician D. Likhachev's Russia Society for the proach of all the research centers and higher education Protection of Monuments Allis ry and Culture. institutions of the U.S.S.R., but especially that of the Institutions not listed inof the H aboveto catalogue are of less socialscience outfitssuch as the Institute of Sociology, the than marginal significance (except, of course, the Armed Institute of Psychology, Ethnography, History, etc. Forces and the so-called Party. which in fact is not a political party but properly, the Nomenklatura, or Promotions List of How to 'motivate' the soul theImperial Bureaucracy). Once "Systems Analysis" became the official frame of The June 14-15, 1983. Central Committee Plenum of the reference in which any policy proposal found its justification, CPSU will prove to be a watershed in Soviet postwar evolu­ then the policy proposals themselves were dished out. The tion of greater significance than the death of Stalin in March Instituteof Psychology laid the claim that, according to sys­ of 1953 for the following reasons: It was wholly dedicated to tems analysis, we must reject Pavlov, environmental psy­ producing a series of marching orders to the "Social Sci­ chology, and stimulus-response psychology, and admit the ences" and "spiritual mobilization" institutions of the Soviet existence of soul and proceed from there if we are to solve Union. The objective set by the marching orders is to "solve the "motivation" problem of the Soviet economy. It was the socio-political problems of 'mature socialist society' by accepted unanimously by the entire leadership of the Acad­ means of spiritual mobilization of the Soviet people." The emy, including the ancient hacks who had been the leading keynote call was given by Chernenko, the spokesman of all lights since Stalin's time, including Academician Boris Pon­ those who in the past had presented obstacles to the whole omarev. The Sociology Institute claimed that according to scheme of "spiritual mobilization" and other code words of systems analysis, the "moral-cultural" factors are more pow­ the Soviet systems analysis establishment, thus signaling erful than "material incentives" in trying to raise productivi­ capitulation of the older, simpler souls of the Nomenklatura ty. This was also fully accepted. The various historical and to theup and coming "new generation" of systems analysis. archeological institutes, basing themselves on the new de­ Before presenting the rich background of political trans­ mands of the findings in sociology and psychology, un­ formations in the U.S.S.R. during the 1970s, which shall leashed an orgy of chauvinistic revivals and engulfed the give meaning to all this otherwise trite and boring mumbo­ country in deafening paeans to Mother Russia's grandeur. jumbo, let me begin by firstpresenting my conclusions: Theethnographic institutes proclaimed that the nation is the During the 1967-68 period, i.e., Andropov's promotion basic social unit; and such things as classes, states, and eco­ to theKGB and Politburo, the Soviet Union's leading game­ nomic systems are merely convenient epiphenomena of the masters were fully aware that the single biggest problem of nation, which justify their existence only if they secure the statecraft for them to crack was the problem of motivating "stability and reproduction of the nation." Thus, "socialism," thepopulation and the institutional problem of "technological and the "dictatorship of the proletariat" are acceptable be­ bottlenecks." They then evolved the Aesopian doctrine of cause they ensure the "stability and reproduction" of the "mature socialist society," which runs as follows: "The pe­ Russian nation. Just as "Marxism" is acceptable because it is riod of material construction of the socialist economic base a valid "special application" of "systems analysis." has been completed in the Soviet Union and we have thus The gamemasters at the Central Committee and the Pre­ entered the era of 'mature socialist society,' which is gov­ sidium of the Academy imposed their "systems analysis" erned by different laws. The main task of this period is to coup d' etat. Then the Sociology, Psychology, Ethnography, increase the growth rates of labor productivity and to focus History , Pedagogy, etc. institutes presented their new find­ on the quality of production. For this, the government must ings. Everybody was ordered to identify the "moral-cultural" primarily provide 'moral-cultural' and 'socio-political' mo­ and "socio-political" factors . All the local party organiza­ tivations for the population." tions were instructed to establish "opinion polling" centers Under the umbrella ofthese officialabstra ctions, the sys­ or, as in majority of cases, to cooperate with their local tems analysis penetration was given enough elbow room to Sociological Research Society on the subject of researching prove its case. In 1967-68 Dzhermen Gvishiani and the "opinions and feelings" of their constituency. Then the P.Fedoseyev created the All-Union Institute of Systems Re­ orders came down that local party bosses are from now on search. From there they proceeded to dominate virtually every expected to "take into account" and "respect" the "feelings policy-making institution of the Academy of Sciences, the and opinions" of their local constituencies, as these feelings Ministries and the Communist Party. Today, they have the and opinions had been interpreted by the local Sociological Cen ra which acts Research Society and Opinion Survey Center. The "New as thet countryl Council's centralof Methodological clearing house Seminars which approves, the Style of Leadership" was for the party hack to go out of his methodologies employed by every branch of science. espe­ way and share the "feelings and opinions" ofthe population, cially the social sciences. This Central Council, which exerts organize "moral-cultural factor" events around issues which de facto epistemological dictatorship in the U.S. S .R., is run would genuinely excite the local population. This "New Style

EIR July 26, 1983 Special Report 25 Khrushchev with General Malinovsky (left) in 1944. Twentyyears later, it was the Red Army chiefs who dumpedhim.

, of Leadership" was being pushed in a low-key way through taken place in the structure of industry, where a trend most of the 1970s upon all the 50 or so Obkom Secretaries, toward its faster development via the sectors deter­ while in the back woods of the Transcaucasus Republics, mining scientific and technological progress has clear­ Geydar Aliyev's "Pilot Project" was going ahead with spec­ ly emerged. Labor productivity, output quality and tacular success. By 1981-1982, when the Aliyev project had other extremely important indicators of social pro­ become the indisputable SUl;cess story of the decade , the duction are growing steadily. The results of the path "New Style of Leadership" was pushed all the way with large­ we have traveled are eloquently shown by the statis­ scale mass propaganda, purges, "anti-corruption" trials, etc., tics. I will quote just a few of them. Our national which stripped the dying Leonid Brezhnev of most of his income increased by a factor of 2.5 during the ninth friends. In September 1982, Leonid Brezhnev was taken to and tenth 5-Year Plans and the first two years of the Canossa, as it were , to kneel before Geydar Aliyev. Two eleventh. The increase alone in national income over months lat er, Brezhnev was dead and Aliyev was in the the 13 years was R5 .37 billion. Per capita national Politburo. The " New Style of I -eadership" had broken through. income almost doubled over this period. Per capita In June 14-15, 1983, Chemenko paid homage to the "New social product increased just as much. �ndustrial pro­ Style" by delivering the Central Committee keynote of "spir­ duction in the republic increased 170 percent during itual mobilization" and the central responsibility of "social this period. Consumer goods production trebled. Over sciences. the course of the 13 years labor productivity in industry doubled ....Gr oss agricultural output increased 170 What was the AJiyev 'Pilot Project'? percent in the 13 years. The yields of grain, cotton, Upon becoming a full Politburo member. Aliyev grapes, fruits, vegetables and tobacco increased 80- gave his celebrakd farewell speech to the AzerGeybaidarjan Com­ 160 percent and dairy livestock productivity increased munist Party in which he described his "Pilot Project": 160 percent. During the 13 years, R21.3 billion of capital investments have been channeled into the de­ Azerbaijan's economy. which in the fifties and velopment of the national economy-40percent more sixties lagged sharpl y behind in terms of all. indicators. than in the preceding 50 years. Fixed capital increased for more than two 5 - year plans now has been devel­ by R 18.6 billion. That is 1.6 times the amount com­ oping dynamical lv. at a consistently high, mounting missioned over the previous 25 years. The return on rate that exceeds the ,,1I-I I11ion averag . Not only the capital increased 3 percent. state plans hut also the socialist pl edeges for a l l the 9 main sectors of i ndustri al and agricultural production Then, explaining how this whole success story started, and social development arc fulfilled and overfu ltilled Aliyev referred to the day when he was called from his KGB each of the last 10 fundamental changes have post to launch the "Pilot Project": years.

26 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 In the seventies the republic traveled a long and that is, sociological research and polls of individual glorious path that was initiated by the Plenum of the strata of the population on particular problems and to Central Committee of the Azerbaijan Communist Par­ publicize extensively the measures which are carried ty which has gone down in the history of our party out and in particular their results. . . . The imple­ organization as the "August Central Commit­ mentation of profound sociological studies and tee Plenum.". . . The enduring1969 significance of the opinion polls of exceptionally important signifi­ Azerbaijan Communist Party Central Committee Au­ cance ....Another is aspect of this problem is the ef­ gust 1969 Plenum lies primarily in the fact that the fective use of the results of thestudy of publicopinion. principled decisions that it adopted and its critical, I want to stress that merely knowing public opinion creative spirit inspired the communists and all the not an end in itself. Having subjected it to a good working people of Azerbaijan with fa ith, rallied all isand genuine study, it is necessary to adjust measures the healthy forces and mobilized the whole people in which are being carried out and to implement addi­ the struggle for purity in our ranks and for the tional measures. That is, it is necessary to build all

Republic's sharp upsurge •.•• one's subsequent work with a consideration for public opinion and a good knowledge of people's feelings Then, explaining how it all was a speciallittle experiment and aspirations. . . . of the Moscow Politiburo: Back to the farewell speech: Our achievements have been possible thanks to the constant attention and concern for Soviet Azer­ It is precisely via means of ideological influence baijan shown by the CPSU Central Committee, the that the Azerbaijan Communist Party has secured the Central Committe's Politburo and the Soviet Govern­ widespread development of the population's initiative ment and theirtremendous everyday and multifaceted and production and socio-political activeness. . . . One assistance to the republic .... of the main elements of our activity is moral educa­ tion ....We mounted systematic, purposeful, com­ Then the clincher, how systems analysis made all this prehensive work to strengthen moral foundations and possible: ideological and moral principles in the republic's life . ... A harmonious system of moral education One of the decisive factors that predetermined our including all the organizations and services called achievements was coordinated, scientifically sub­ upon to shape people's ideological and moral char­ stantiated party organizational work [i.e., the "New acter has been fo rmed in Azerbaijan. [This is the Style of Leadership"] ....The constant and profound allusion to the integration of the entire Shi'ite clergy study of public opinion, consideration of it in the into the "Pilot Project"]. . . . Our wonderful culture practical activity of the party and Soviet organs and possessesa tremendous force for people's ideological reliance on the masses' initiative and creativity occupy and moral and spiritual elevation ....The period of a leading place in all the AzerbaijanCommunist Party sharp upsurge of the Azerbaijani Republic has also Central Committee's organizational, political, and been marked by major successes for Azerbaijani cul­ ideological activity. ture. Writers, poets and composers, painters . and Aliyev, one month before the above-quoted speech had sculptors, theater and cinema figures, and represen­ given more details of this tatives of all genres of art have made a fitting contri­ public opinion operation: bution to the republic's wonderful achievements, have created a considerable number of significant works In this connection it should be noted that a large and have enriched our people's spiritual treasure store amount of work has been performed and considerable with new achievements ....Azerbai jan's social sci­ experience accumulatedin Azerbaijan. As you know, entists are called upon to improve the topicality and we have a special Center for the Study of Public theoretical standard of their works. They must study Opinion and Sociological Research attached to the more profoundly the history of our people and their AzerbaijanCommunist Party Central Committee. Over successes and gains during the years.... one hundred organizations in the Republic have sociological services carrying out special research. This is what the Psychology and Sociology institutes In all raykoms, gorkoms, obkoms, and primary party have been arguing: To improve productivity and the quality organizations a large amount of work is underway on of work, the government must primarily focus on the un­ the in-depth study of public opinion by carrying derlying psychological needs of the population. Forget Pav­ out special sociological measures. . . . The practice lov, forget "stimulus-response" psychology and forget "ma­ of the Azerbaijan party organization's work shows that terial incentives." Admit peoplehave souls which are shaped here it is essential to skillfully combine various means, by great historical influences. Discover their deep-running

EIR July 26, 1983 Special Report 27 moral aspirations and adopt a paradigm shift in the admin­ manderof the Byelorussian Military district at the time of the istration of the country. The Aliyev case proved the point. events. From then on, it was all "paradigm shift" for the Nomenk­ Starting in April 1961, Col. Oleg Penkovskii established latura. We have quoted above extensively from B. Lomov, contact with British and American intelligence and started the president of the Institute of Psychology, in which he supplying them with a tremendous amount of military-polit­ · argued in detail, basing himself of "systems analysis," that ical information in which were outlined the basic facts of the the way to motivate people is by discovering those types of Soviet militaryleaders hip's disagreements with Khrushchev "system-forming factors" to which people respond, and and, more importantly, the reasons for those disagreements. governmentpolicy ally with such "system-forming factorsmake." Thosereasons , according to Penkovskii (and later substanti­ The term "system-forming factor" is the Russian equivalent ated by events) were as follows: of Stanford's "paradigm" and "paradigm shift." During 1955-57, Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgi In concluding the discussion of the Aliyev "Pilot Proj­ Zhukov tried to purge the Soviet Armed Forces of all Com­ ect," the following quotation deserves special note: munist Party meddling; and in this he had the support of both the -and-fileof theArmed Forces and the other victorious We have accumulated rich experience of the mass­ marshalsrank o f World War II-Sokolovskii, Rokossovskii, Ko­ es' patrioticeducation, of the propaganda of the com­ nev , Malinpvskii, et al. In 1957, he lost his fightto Khrush­ bat traditions of the Soviet people and the republic's chev, and he, along with the other marshals, retreated to a working people and of the collaboration between labor series of special activities at the Military Academy of the collectives and troop units of the Red Banner Tran­ General Staff, the single most important institution of the scaucasus Military District, the Red Banner Caspian Soviet marshals from that date to the present. The Military Flotilla and the Red Banner Transcaucasus Border Academy was then and is today an adjunct of the office of the MilitaryDistri ct. It is necessary to further develop this chief of staff of the Armed Forces (Sokolovskii then, Ogar­ important direction of ideological work, to strengthen kov now). One of the unique powers of this Academy and its and deepen workingpeople 's ties with Army and Navy militaryfac ulty is their selection of every single officerof the servicemen, to display constant concern for young Soviet Armed Forces who will be assigned to general staff people's pre-draft training and to educate them in a functionsin any military post-from theDefense Ministry to spirit of selfless devotion to the Soviet socialist anydivisional (and occasionallyregimental) command. Dur­ motherland. ing 1957 and 1958, Zhukov and Sokolovskii gathered within this Academy an impressive group of military leaders. The The Sovietmars hals Group included Marshals Rokossovskii and Konev, Gen. �. Zavyalov, Lt. M.I. Cherednichenko, Gen. andthe 'Third Rome ' MIU. I.G.V. V. Larionov,Gen. Gen. Col. Gastilovich (the comman­ Dzhermen Gvishiani is the indisputable and undisputed dant of the Academy), plus nine others not identified at this fatherof systems analysis in the Soviet Union. He is much time. In addition, thefo llowing individuals were at the Acad­ more than merely the son-in-law of Alexei Kosygin. He is emy during that time, as junior proteges of the above group: the son of a Georgian KGB general who was a close friend NikolaiOgarkov (now Marshal Ogarkov, chief of staff) , and of Stalin. But he is more than that. He was the key player of Viktor Kulikov (now Marshal Kulikov of the Warsaw Pact the Oleg Penkovskii gambit, which the great Marshals of Forces). Col. Oleg Penkovskii was also deployed at the gen­ the Second World War played to get rid of Khrushchev. The staffduring that time and was close to its Academy·. Oleg Penkovskii gambit, when strippedfrom its popularro­ eralFrom the Academy of the General Staff, the marshals manticization, boils down to the following bare facts: launched a special project which had been taboo since 1936: Oleg Penkovskii was a GRU (Soviet military intelli­ to work out a military doctrine for the Soviet Armed Forces gence) colonel who, from April 1961 to Oct. 22, 1962, pro­ for the era of nuclear weapons. The above primary group of vided vital information to President Kennedy with which to marshals, under the guidance of Zhukov and Sokolovskii, smash NikitaKhrushchev during the Cuba Missile Crisisof assignedthemselves the task of working out a strategic doc­ 1962. Penkovskii was an intimate of Marshal Malinovski, trine for the era of nuclear weapons. The effort was sig­ and closely aquainted with Marshals Sokolovskii, Rokos­ nalled by the circulation of a private paper written by the sovski, Konev, and Zhukov. His father-in-law was a gen­ commandant of the Academy, Gen. Col. A.I. Gastilovich. eral in charge of the Main Political Directorate of the Moscow Entitled "The Theory of Military Art Needs Review." The Military District; his adopted father, Gen. Sergei Sergey­ paper outlined the tasks involved and, in a general way, evich Varentsov, was the commander in chief of the Soviet distributed assignments to the remaining 14 members of the Union's RocketUnits and Artillery of the Land Forces in the group. Over a period of 20 months, numerous papers were 1961-63 period (the period of both the Cuba Missile Crisis presented by the members of the group-initiallycirculating and the Penkovskii Gambit); and his uncle, General of the privately and known as the "Special Collection," and finally Army V 8lentin Antonovich Penkovskii, was the com- publish� in the Academy's magazine, MilitaryThought dur-

28 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 ing 1959. Science and Technology) supplied the appropriate military­ The doctrine which took shape is known to us today as technical information to convince the West that Khrush­ theSokolovskii Doctrine. At the time, before January 1960, chev's moves were indeed a bluff. the doctrine boiled down to the following: "In the era of About a year after Penkovskii gave the "Special Collec­ nuclear weapons, the Soviet Armed Forces must develop a tion" of the general staff Academy's strategic doctrinepapers nuclear mI ssile force capable of crippling its adversary with to the West, these very same documents, with only slight one salvo, but, because nuclear war does not end but only modificationswere published in the Soviet Union in the sum­ begins with the first nuclear salvo, the Soviet Armed Forces mer of 1962, as a book with the title Military Strategy. Its must be organized in such a way as to be able to fight a preface explained that it was the collective work of 15 general prolonged war under nuclear conditions. " officers under the editorial supervision of the (now sacked) Khrushchev completely disagreed with this doctrine. In Marshal Sokolovskii. January 1960 he proclaimed his own strategic doctrine, the first time since Tukhachevskii that a Soviet spokesman had publicly addressed the subject of military doctrine. Khrush­ chev's idea was that in the nuclear age, the only thing which Dzhermen Gvishiani is the counts militarilyis the nuclear missile force and nothing else. Therefore , according to Khrushchev, the Soviet Union should indisputable and undisp uted concentrate all its resources in developing. a nuclear first ja ther oj systems analysis in the strike capability against the United States and scrap its con­ Soviet Union. He is much more ventional forces to the level needed for domestic purposes. The Khrushchev announcement was accompanied by a de­ than merely the son-in-law oj mobilization order which drove approximately 30,000 offi­ Alexei Kosygin. He is the son oj cers of theSoviet Armed Forces, including hundreds of gen­ a Georgian KGB general who erals to retirement, penury, humiliation, and in, many in­ stances, suicide. was a closejriend oj Stalin. But This fed into an upsurge of massive discontent throughout he is more than that. He was the the Soviet Armed Forces. The marshals triedto rescue what key player oj the Oleg Penkovskii -they could. One year later, in 1961, Marshal Sokolovskii himself lost his post as chief of staff. However, the Khrush­ gambit. which the great chev-appointees to military posts were all backers of the Marshals oj the Second World Zhukov-Sokolovskii initiative, including Marshal Malinov­ War played to get rid oj skii, the new defense minister, wrongly reputed to be a tool of Khrushchev. (Every known pronouncement of Malinov­ Khrushchev. skii's on strategic doctrinewas the opposite of the Khrush­ chev Doctrine and, in general outline, coherent with the Sokolovskii Doctrine). The military opposition to Khrush­ chev was so enormous that every day it threatened Khush­ Despite Khrushchev, the Soviet marshals had proclaimed chev's stability as secretary general, thus forcing him to their Sokolovskii Doctrine to the world. Back in the United engage in two military adventures, the Berlin Wall and the States, the appropriate agencies studying Penkovskii's ma­ Cuba Missile Crisis, for no other reason than to prove in terials, must have viewed the publication of MilitaryStrategy practice to the marshalsthat his doctrine did in fact work. as substantiation of the colonel's information. Under the This, at least, is what the marshals communicated to circumstances, Khrushchev decided to go ahead with the President Kennedy between April 1961 and Oct. 22, 1962 Cuba Missile Crisis during the first week of October 1962. via the channel established by Colonel of the General Staff On Oct. 16, 1962 the White House had ascertained that the Oleg Penkovskii. Colonel Penkovskii, in coordination with Cuba Missile Crisis was on. On Oct. 22, Colonel Penkovskii Dzhermen Gvishiani, supplied the United States with copies was arrested in Moscow. of the secret "Special Collection" of the Sokolovskii study After the Cuba Missile Crisis, the following events were groupat the Academy, along with other information making of note: In the second week of May, a brief trial of Colonel it clear that Khrushchev was preparing the confrontations Penkovskii was held in Moscow on charges of treason. The over Berlin and Cuba for the purpose of imposing his doctrine sentence was death but no information on the execution of of "first nuclear strike" over the Sokolovskii Doctrine. The thatsentence was ever verified. The week following the Pen­ Marshals, via Penkovskii, made it clear to Kennedy that kovskii trial, the Sokolovskii "Study Group" held a crucial Khrushchev's crisis-provocations were going to be based not conference-"The Essence and Content of Soviet Military on any realistic military strength, but on bluff. Penkovskii (a Doctrine"-which was importantfor the future establishment deputy chief of the predecessor of the State Committee on of both IMEMO, and the U.S.A.-Canada Institute. The con-

EIR July 26, 1983 Special Report 29 ferencewas led by Gen. V. V. Larionov, Col. V.M. Kulish, the Cominternbut , equally important, he made his markas a Col. V.V. Glazov, Col. V.1. Vaneyev, Gen. Maj. N.S. modern administrator as a result of his exceptional role in Solodovnik, Col. A.M. Dudin, and Col. M. Shmelev. suppression the Hungarian uprising of 1956. During his ten­ (Many of whom were later deployed to IMEMO and the ure in Budapest, Andropov was working under the command U.S.A.-Canada Institute). During this conference, the So­ of the commander in chief of the Warsaw Pact Forces, Mar­ kolovskii Study Group made the following argument: shal of the Soviet Union Ivan Stepanovich Kovev. ''It is incorrect to see war merely as an armed struggle. The armed struggle only constitutes a specific and deci­ Military strategy as 'social science' sive sign of war. In an armed struggle aU means are From Khrushchev's demise onward, Marshal Sokolov­ subordinated to the interests of victory: political and eco­ skii took matters into his own hands. As member of the nomic, ideological, diplomatic, and other means." CentralCommittee and inspector general of the Soviet Armed Right after the Penkovskii trial and the conference on the Forces, he was a dominant influence of the 23rd Party Con­ "Essence and Content of Soviet Military Doctrine," the sec­ gress of 1966. One week before the opening of the Party ondedition of Sokolovskii's bookMilitary Strategy was made Congress. Sokolovskii and his Marshals struck again with available to the public, this time with a preface that its con­ another seminal article, this time entitled "On Contempo­ tentshad been studied and discussed by all the OfficersClubs rary Military Strategy," published in the Communist Of of the Soviet Armed Forces and that those discussions had The Armed Forces. This article established two things: indicated that no editorial revisions were required. Khrush­ The preponderance of the Soviet military in deter­ chev was alreadycrumbl ing. mining1. national economic policy and; The next year saw the expUlsion of Khrushchev in the The establishment of "Social Sciences" as a branch month of October. Marshal Dmitrii Ustinov, then as now of the2. Academy of the General Staff. the czarof Soviet Military Industries, played the key role in The article stated: "The range of problems of military . keeping Khrushchev out of Moscow, and then in bringing strategy includes the determination of the h",sr;sof the build­ him in for the Central Committee meeting which axed him. ing of the Armed Forces, its structure, the equipping of it Right after Khrushchev's collapse, Oleg Penkovskii's with combat equipment and armaments and with materiel, uncle, General of the Army Valentin Antonovich Penkov­ theprinciples of using the Armed Forces as a whole and each was appointed deputy minister of defense for prepar­ service of the Armed Forces separately. . . . the determina­ skii,edness . General Penkovskii is important because, in addition tion of the composition of the Armed Forces for peacetime to being Colonel Penkovskii's uncle, he was also a superior and especially for time of war, the making of a reserve of officer and promoter of the younger Nikolai Ogarkov who arms, military equipment and, primarily, nuclear rocket served under General Penkovskii when the latter was com­ weapons as the main means of war, as well as material re­ manderof the Far East Military District from 1956 to 1961 serves, deploying strategic groups and organizing the all and commander of the Byelorussian Military District from round security of the Armed Forces in time of war-this is 1961 to 1964. the crucial task of military strategy." Now what about Dzhermen Gvishiani, the son of Stalin's The article further observed that the RAND Corporation KGB general? and the Hudson Institute in the United States, and IISS in Dzhermen Gvishiani was Colonel Penkovskii's immedi­ Great Britain, "are at work solving many military problems," atesuperior during the time in which Penkovskii was passing together with a "technical center under the NATO Supreme his vital information to the United States. The outfiton which Command," involving strategic planning. This work is being Penkovski worked at the time was called the State Commit­ accomplished, the article emphasized, "by bringing together tee for Coordination of Scientific Resear�h Work. This a huge army of scientific, military, and political figures who . StateCommittee had a Directorate of Foreign Affairs whose are formulating plans for an openly aggressive strategy." The chief was Dzhermen Mikhailovich Gvishiani. Colonel of the article was written by Marshal Sokolovskii and Gen. Maj . GRU Oleg Penkovskii was his deputy . In Penkovskii's ac­ M.1. Cherednichenko, his intimate collaborator fromthe 1958- counts, Gvishiani is described as an implacable enemy ·of 59 days of the "Special Collection" at the Academy of the Khrushchev, as was his father-in-law Alexei Kosygin, oc­ General Staff. casionally encouraging Penkovskii: "Don 't worry , Oleg Vla­ On the same day as this April 1966 issue of the Commu­ dimirovich, our time will come." After Khrushchev was dis­ nist of the Armed Forces appeared in the bookstores, Leonid posed of, theState Committee for Coordination of Scientific Brezhnev, now firmly in power, echoed Sokolovskii's argu­ Research Work was renamed the Committee for Sci­ ment in his keynote speech to the 23rd Party Congress. ence and Technology, and GvishiaStateni was made its chief. Brezhnev said: From there , the offensive of Systems Analysis was launched, "We have deficiencies in our studies of social sciences. at approximately the same time as Yuri Andropov was made Military science and its theory are component parts of mili­ chief of the KGB and was inserted in the Politburo. Andro­ tary science. The working out of the theory of military strat­ pov. of course had his old connection to Otto Kuusinen of egy, in essence, represents specific social research. As in

30 Special Report EIR July 26, 1983 other social sciences, the theory of military strategy is called the Soviet military, including Marshal Sokolovskii and the on to expose pressing problems and tasks and to indicate the other marshalsof the Soviet Union, occurred in the following valid path to their solution , to serve as a scientific basis of way: Partypolicy in questions of protecting the country . It is fully From Stalin's death in J onward , and while Marshal understood that the deficiencies of social sciences, being Sokolovskii was chief of staff953 of the Soviet Armed Forces, published in our periodical press, are inherent in military the general staff under him was obsessively interested in the strategy as well." use of cyberneticsand computerized systems for the purpose Subsequently, the Central Committee, on Brezhnev's in­ of establishing instantaneous command-and-control for the structions, adopted a resolution "On Measures for Further general staff. The father of Soviet computer-cybernetics, Developing The Social Sciences and Heightening Their Adm. Aksel Ivanovich Berg, was simultaneously deputy Role in Communist Construction." The Social Sciences minister of defense for radio electronics and chairman of the Division of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. was Radio Physics and Radiotechnology Council of the Academy mobilized to implement the Sokolovskii-inspired Central of Sciences during Sokolovskii' s tenure as chief of staff, and Committee Resolution. Later, Vadim Zagladin popped up overlapping Marshal Zhukov's term as defense minister. He with an article in Communist, explaining the importance of subsequently moved on to become chairman of the Acade­ this mobilization of the Social Sciences Division of the Acad­ my's Scientific Council On Programmed Learningand chief emy, asserting: "That these problems need to be elaborated editor of the magazine Methodological Problems of Cyber­ not only for purely scientific purposes but also for Party netics. His successor as minister of defense for radio elec­ practical activity and for determining the most effectiveways tronics was Gen. Col. A. V. Gerasimov, and his successor and means to ensure socialism's victory over capitalism." was Gen. Col. V. V. Druzhinin. This Druzhinin co-authored The Academy's initial response to the Sokolovskii article a book with Dr. D.S. Kontorov of the Radiotechnical Insti­ and to the Central Committee Resolution was to establish, in tute of the Academy of Sciences entitled "Concept, Algo­ 1967 , the U.S.A.-Canada Institute and IMEMO. Marshal rithm, Decision," published by the Defense Ministry's Pub­ Sokolovskii sent the following personnel to the U.S. A. -Ca n­ lishing House, with an introduction by General of the Army ada Institute: Col. V. V. Larionov, member of the original S.M. Shtemenko, who noted in the introduction, "The time 1958-58 "Study Group" at the Academy of the General Staff has arrived for extensive adoption of automation in the entire which produced the "Special Collection," and co-editor of chain of command ." The entire book is a detailed "systems­ all three editions of Sokolovskii' s Military Strategy book; analytical" treatment of the subject of using computers in Col. Lev Semeyko, author of Foresight of a Commander in decision making and control of troops. The "systems-analy­ Battle; Navy Capt. Georgii I. Svyatov, the submarine war­ sis" orientation of the Soviet General Staff is summarily fare specialist; Gen. Col. N.A. Lomov, author of the book presented in an entry in the Soviet Military Encyclopedia, Scientific-TechnologicalProgress and the Revolution in Mil­ probably contributed by Marshal Ogarkov himself: itaryAff airs .. and Gen. Lt. M.A. Milshtein, the chief of the Faculty at the Academy of the General Staff. From its incep­ Increasing centralization of leadership combined tion, Arbatov's U.S.A.-Canada Institute has been controlled with due regard for the initiative of subordinate di­ by and reports to the chief of staff of the Soviet Armed Forces rection agencies, a high degree of readiness, if nec­ who, from 1977 onward , has been Marshal Nikolai Ogarkov. essary, rapidly to switch over to carrying out wartime Marshal Sokolovskii sent the following officers into IM­ functions, and scientific substantiation of proposals EMO, the largest of the Soviet Academy's foreign policy and decisions being prepared are characteristic of the think tanks: Gen. Maj. M.F. Goryainov; Col. V.M. Kulish; work of the general staff. The broad introduction into Col. D.M. Proektor; Gen. Maj. N.S. Solokovnik, Col. the work of the General Staff of scientific organization A.M. Dudin, Col. M. Shmelev, Col. V.V. Glazov, Col. work, mathematical methods and the creation of au­ V.1. Vaneyev, and Gen. V.V. Larionov-most of them orig­ tomatic systems of direction of weapons and troops inal participants in the 1958-59 Study Group which authored permits the more op erational solution of the compli­ Marshal Sokolovskii' s Military Strategy . cated tasks of directing the ArmedForces in peacetime During the same period, on the basis of the "Sokolovskii and in war. Resolution" of the Central Committee , the following addi­ tional Institutes were established: Institute of the Far East, Marshal Ogarkov was a known proponent of this systems Institute of Oriental Studies (headed by Primakov) , Institute analytical approach to integrated general staff command of Africa (headed by Anatolii Gromyko), Institute of Latin since the time of his service in the general staff of the America, and Institute of Sociological Research (headed by Byelorussian Military District under General Penkovskii in Rubyashkin). Later, the Center for Methodological Control the early 1960s, when systems analysis had not yet become (title approximate) was established, to enforce uniform ap­ the approved methodology of either the Social Sciences plication of systems analysis methods. institutes of the Academy of Sciences, or the Communist The promotion of systems analysis through the vehicle of Party , as is the case at the present time .

EIR July 26, 1983 Special Report 31 Shultz's State Department backs new Hitler-Stalin pact by Michele Steinberg and Rainer Apel

In a repeat performance of Stalin's August 1939 agreement with the cry that "Hitler inspired us!" with Adolf Hitler to tum Germany against the West, Soviet President Yuri Andropovhas won a "Hitler/Stalin Pact" with State Department's treacherous role a new fascist movement, the West German Green Party. This It was to this new Hitler-Stalin pact that the U.S. State time, however, the shocktroops to be used against the NATO Department under George Shultz gave its blessing this July, allies and the United States in Europe are not the German when it hosted a round of meetings in Washington with the government, but a highly organized and heavily financed Green Party . "peace movement," whose slogan is "Make War Against Arriving in the nation's capital July under the auspices War," and which attacks West German governmentof ficials of U.S. Ambassador to West Germany3, Arthur Bums, the and industries as well as American targets . Greens were treated to two days of individual meetings and The purpose of that alliance, as the Greens themselves "disarmament roundtables" with Pentagon officialsand State freely admit, is to force the United States out of Central Department advisers. According to State Department adviser Europe and create a "hot autumn" of civil disruptions and Helmut Sonnenfeldt, sidekick of Henry Kissinger, "There terrorism against the installation of Euromissiles in Ger­ was nothing sensational about this meeting" with the Greens, many, now scheduled for December. because he had "discussed many times with them before, and The Green�KGB alliance is the major European manifes­ some of their most prominent spokesmen I do know quite tation of the Kremlin's current partnership with the Swiss­ well." centered Nazi International; in the Mediterranean area, the Then on July 10, Petra Kelly, former chairman of the "Hitler-Stalin" partnership backs Muammar Qaddafi , the Green Party , and a member of the West German parliament, outlaw butcher of Libya, who not accidentally maintains appeared on "Meet the Press" to denounce President Reagan close ties to the Greens and has repeatedly met with their as a "criminal ." Kelly insisted that her Green Party is "non­ leadership. violent," but that she maintains an ongoing "dialogue" with The fact that the Green Party is riddled with old Nazis the violent sections of the "peace movement"-since both has not fazed Andropov in his financial support for the party . factions oppose "the organized violence" of the United States The senior member of the Green Party slate, Werner Vogel, "putting missiles in Europe." Kelly admitted that the Green was forced to give up his newly-won seat in the West German Party and the "peace movement" in West Germany "clos­ Bundestag three months ago when it was discovered that he er" to Andropov. because Germany is "closer" to theare Soviet had been a leading official of the Nazi Party. Early in July, Union. the Green Party executive made its Nazi International con­ What is the State Department's role in all this? According nections all but official by outrageously rescinding the ex­ to Mr. Kornblum of the State Department, 'This is not the pulsion of a party leader who had leapt to Vogel's defense first contact we had with the Greenies .... I have talked

32 International EIR July 26, 1983 many times to them before, and the U.S. Embassy in Bonn Faced with the unprecedented security breach suffered has been in some kind of more regular contact with them." by the U.S. Vice-President, U.S. Embassy officials in Bonn There are also indications that the State Department is have sabotaged efforts by federal Interior Minister Zimmer­ releasing leaks to theGreen Party . Party spokesman Marie­ man to hold a parliamentary investigation of the Krefeld Louise Beck-Oberdorf said in the Green press conference in incident. The embassy claimed that the seriousness of the Washington, D.C. that "contrary to all previously given in­ incident had been exaggerated . Mr. Radday, U. S. Embassy formation" from the German and U.S. governments, the press spokesman, told reporters: ''I'm sure you know they U.S. State Department had "officiallyinformed" the Greens didn't get at Bush. I don't like it when people talk of a 'hot that the Pershing II deployment was not designed to "out­ autumn.' One talks about it, and then one gets one ." weigh" the Soviet SS-20 deployment, but was "part of a new strategicconcept of U. S. dominance over the Soviets." Battle plan discovered While the Green delegation was getting State Department The 'hot autumn' begins in Krefeld red carpet treatment in Washington, its comrades were busy As the Greens were meeting with the State Department preparing that violence in a meeting of the various coordi­ in Washington, EIR's bureau in West Germany obtained an nating committees of the "peace movement" during the exclusive report that the Soviet-supported peace movement weekend of July 2-3, when a national meeting was convened is mobilized to set off a "hot autumn" of terrorism and riots at the Evangelische Studentengemeinde (ESG-the Protes­ against U.S. military installations, NATO bases, ammuni­ tant Church Student Organization) in Mainz, West Germany, tion dumps and transports. Moreover, with the attack on the to plan actions for blocking and sabgtaging NATO ammuni­ motorcade of Vice-President George Bush during his visit to tion transports. In attendance were 250 leaders of the pro­ Krefeld, West Germany, June 25, the offensive has already violence wing of the West Gernlanpeace movement, includ­ begun. ing Margit Schiller, a member of the terrorist Red Army Bush was confronted at his speech in Krefeld by more Fraction (RAF), who has served time in prison for repeated than 25 ,000demonstrators, including some 1 ,000 supporters involvement in terrorist actions. of the terrorist "Revolutionary Cells." Substantial evidence A discussion paper entitled, "On the Resistance Against had emerged in the month before Bush's visit, that the "peace the NATO Infrastructure in the BRD," prepared for the meet­ movement" was in training to break through police lines in ing by the FrankfurUWiesbaden group, makes it clear that Krefeld. The objective, according to sources in the peace the so-called peace movement is going to war: "The interrup­ groups, was to test the security at Krefeld in preparation for tion of supply lines in military strategy is the classical aim to demonstrations throughout this fall against the stationing of induce the political and military defeat of the enemy li .e., Pershing missiles. U. S. military forces] . . . . We have to look for weak points Right afterBus h's address in Krefeld, his motorcade and to develop a continuous and self-determined attack ....We thatof West German Defense Minister Carstens were driven think that it is possible to develop a practical resistance with to a region of the city where demonstrators had attacked the ammo-transports, because we don't run up against mili­ policelines several times during the day. According to police tarily secure areas and installations ....It must be clear for sources, the window of one of Carstens's escortvehicles was us what confrontation this kind of campaign means, and what smashed by concrete blocks thrown by demonstrators. Vice­ it means for our own approach." PresidentBus h's vehicle was also attacked at close range. Efforts byEIR in West Germany to present to the Security Informed U.S. intelligence sources report that this secu­ Office of the U.S. Embassy in Bonn documentation of these rityfailure was made possible when U.S. military networks plans for "war" against U. S. military installations have been in West Germany were ordered by the State Departmentthat rebuffed, and U.S. military personnel in West Germany have they should play no role in providing security for the vice­ told EIR to "give the information to West Germany authori­ president, despite their knowledge of the terrorist networks ties," because "we are not involved in this area." that have bombed U.S. military bases there over the last two But simultaneously a meeting of the Evangelische (Lu­ years. These sources also say that the FBI, which has covered theran) Church is taking place in East Germany, where West up the Soviet KGB control of the "peace movement" in the German ESG representatives are among some 100,000 par­ United States, played a significant role in planning Bush's ticipants discussing Andropov's "peace movement" against security. the West. The ESG's activities closely overlap with the work Within the West German chain of command, informed done by the so-called "Action Reconciliation" organization, sources say that security for Bush was left in the hands of which also maintains an office in Washington, D. c., and Northrhine-Westphalia Interior Minister HerbertSc hnoor, a which is said to have been among the "unofficial sponsors" member of the left wing of the Social Democratic Party , of the Washington trip by the Green Party delegation. which officiallyparticipated in the anti-Bush demonstrations. In Washington , and in delegates' tours throughout the Despite the warning signs that terrorists would be in Krefeld United States, the Greens will be soliciting recruitment for in some force, Schnoor deployed half the number of police their "hot autumn" from the American nuclear freeze move­ used at similar demonstrations in 1980. ment, and allied forces.

EIR July 26, 1983 International 33 aggressive" people opposed to the purposes of the Soviet delegation. Kobysh meant the strong presence of political supporters of LaRouche and of Reagan's beam weapons pro­ who exposed the participants' plot against Reagan. gram,Twice after that, Literaturnaya Gazeta has gone after LaRouche-linked publications, on precisely those issues where The bee in Mr.. they broke new ground in investigating the connivance, for c on and conflicting goals, of Eastern networks, includ- Burlatskii's bonnet ingomm Russian Orthodox and Soviet Islilmicon es, with Western \ ) perpetrators of a new dark age , including old Nazis. The. . issues: and the "Bulgarian Connection." Rachel by Douglas IranJune 22, writing about which "spiritual" values and Onwhich not "progressive," the paper featured the 19are80 It was with the innocent-sounding title of correspondent for bookHostage are to Khomeini, pu ished by BenjamiJlFrankl in Gazeta, the weekly of the U.S.S.R. Union of House. The book was put out "ibln connection with the presi­ LiteraturnayaFyodor Burlatskii to Minnesota this spring, dential election campaign," Literaturka said, not revealing alongWriters with, that Russian Orthodoxcame Bishops , Azerbaijani poets , that the associated candidate was LaRouche . The cl arti e arid itinerant opinion-peddlers from sevefaJ. Moscow stressedthe book's expose of Carter administration and Brit­ to a movement against the· President ofthink the ish Intelligence complicity in ove ow ng the Shah, at­

Unitedtanks, Stafurthertes. Behind the reporter's notepad of his disguise, tacked its charges about a Soviet rolerthr in i , and defended Burlatskii has been an associate of Andfopov for over Ayatollah Khomeini against its escri tionIran of him as "pro- . two decades, a senior internationalYuri affairs consultant to the found moral evil. " d p Soviet Central Committee, wasthe firstRussian journalistto The author of fiteraturka' s review of spirituality in Iran endorse limiting anti-ballistic missile defenses in the 1960s wasanother senior Central Committeestaff er, Rostislav Uly­ was the firstto declare,in 1970, that politics in general anovskii, long-time International Department Deputy Chief . isand nothing but "systems analysis." with responsibilityfor Third WorId affair d operations. How Burlatskii got here , what he did and whom he con­ His line on June 22 was that the role of thes-an Shi'ite clergy in spiredwith is related in the recent Special Report, "Will bringing down the Shah "deserves Ii positive evaluation," as Moscow Become the Third and EIRFinalRome?" preferable to the "unspiritual ideals" ofAmerican "bourgeois What is to reported on this occasion,· is a flurry of ethics," but that Khomeini has since sold out the positive activity from Literaturnayabe G zet (Literary Gazette) itself, values. There is a foreshadowing in this of Soviet contingen­ Burlatskii's sonte-time employera a · and mouthpiece. That cy plans to shape by means of ethnic and "spiritual" newspaper's correspondents have closely watched the activ� operations, known Iranto be the specialty of Politburo member ities of and its founder Lyndon LaRouche for years . Geidar Aliyev, when Khomeini is gone. without publicEIR comment. But since release of explosive lona Andronov's July 6 attack on the LaRouche publi­ " intelligencekeynoted by LaRouche's Andropov:the 'New cations as an American subversive institution" was, more Czar of Holy Russia'?", entity quaintly"Yuri known as Liter­ devious. Andronov, Literaturnaya Gazeta' s specialist in aturkahas blown some fusesthe in public . drugs, terror and guns, picked up and distorted material from Its circuits were alreadyfrazzled from absorbing.thenews early 1983 seminars on the "Bulgarian Connection" in of America's new strategic defense doctrine , outlined EIRthe plot's to assassinate Pope John Paul II, and from an inter­ LaRouche in February 1982, vigorously promoted by Drby. view with the counterintelligence director for Europe, Edward Teller that year, and declared for the nation by Paul GoldsteinEIR. Those seminars exposed both the East and President Reaganhiter on March 23 , 1983; Literaturka blacked the West sides of plot, thereby surfacing in preliminary out the substance of Dr. Teller's remarkson strategic defense fashion the p cuthelars of the Soviet collusion with old Na is, and on using technologyto solve ''the common tasks of man­ which LaRouchearti subsequently exposed as a revival of"Mos­ z kind," and mud instead. In a January diatribe, it called cow-r-The Third Rome" ideology. the physicistthrew a "cannibal ." Extracting one true fact from Goldstein's surhm'ary, the Then came Vitalii Kobysh, a Literaturka regular who profile of a Turkish ex-Nazi with links to Carter Administra­ doubles as Sector Chief in the Central Committee's Interna­ tion figures, Androno\' used it to paint a picture of "a fascist tional Information Department. A self-professed environ­ clique in the CIA" behind terrorism, his own desired conclu­ i mentalist and .frequent collocutot of oligarchical circles he sion. And Andonov spun a wildly racialist t de that Goldstein meets under the aegis of such organizations as the Scottish­ differs with "his New York bosses" because he is Jewish. Soviet F endship Society, Kobysh was at the Minneapolis The Literaturka boys cleve liars. Unanticipated conferenceri with Burlatskii. On June 16, he complained in wrinkles in their internationalare strategic r outlook evidently have print that those proceedings had been wrecked by "extremely them working overtime. , I

34 International EIR July 26, 1983 How the 'peace movement' plans to blow up We st Germany by Charlotte Vollrads

The "peace and disarmament" movement's mobilization to community will begin Oct. 15. "Ordinaryresistance" is to be make this the hottest autumn in the brief history of the Federal given free play, including painting of signs on walls, spray­ Republic of Germany is already in full swing. Throughout painting of traffic signs, blockades of train lines by pulling the country, groups are trainingfor and carrying out trial runs emergency brakes or sit-downs on the tracks, blockage of of actions aimed at stopping the stationing of the new medi­ traffic at key intersections, occupation of city halls and gov­ um-range missiles in the Federal Republic. But those who ernment offices, all aimed at crippling West German infra­ actually control the movement admit quite openly that their structure through decentralized actions. Each day will be real goal is not just to stop the missiles; it is to make the devoted to a specific "focal pointof resistance." republic ungovernable, and to take control of and transform "Resistance Day of theChurches" will happen first. Pas­ its institutions. Such threats to the republic are extremely tor Albertz of Berlin, the elder statesman of the recent Lu­ dangerous, and the greatest danger is how rapidly the situa­ theran Convention in Hannover who is noted for his close tion could go beyond all control. connections with first-generationterrori sts, announced at the Events following the "test occupation" of the Boehn bar­ Hannover meeting that he will participate in the blockades racks in Hamburg in mid-June showed how readily the au­ this fall, to ensure that the youth movement gets sufficient tumn demonstrations could become riots. After the blockade support. The fact that violet handkerchiefs-which of the barracks began peacefully-the army had given 1,000 have become cult objects90, 000symbolizing their wearers' penit­ troops an extended weekend on short notice, so that they ence and opposition to "worldliness"-were sold at the con­ would not come into contact with the blockade-four youths vention gives an indication of the Lutheran Church's com­ climbed over the fence at two different entrances to the bar­ mitment to confrontation. racks and entered military property, carrying banners which More than 50,000 signatures against the stationing of the read, "This barracks is occupied." All four were immediately Euromissiles were collected by the Krefeld Appeal at the taken into custody, and will now stand trial. But it was just convention. The Krefeld Appeal, sponsored by the German such an incident that firstset off the "Ohnesorg Effect," when Communist Party (DKP), Green Party leaders Petra Kelly Benno Ohnesorg, a West Berlin student, was shot dead by a and Gerd Bastian, and "former" NaziOberst Wede , has col­ policeman during a demonstration on June 7, 1967 . Ohne­ lected more than 4 million signatures nationally. The Lu­ sorg was immediately made a martyr by sections of the stu­ theran Student Groups (ESG) have served for years as a dent movement wanting to justify their own shift toward nationwide infrastructure for pro-terrorist groups. In Han­ greater violence. Any "small, spontaneous" action such as nover, the ESG organized an "Open Air Festival" in the occurred at the Boehn barracks, if it happens during the su­ Welfengarten (Guelf Garden)of the university, anevent which percharged atmosphere of the coming October and at an impressed even hardened observers of the scene because of American rather than a German barracks, could well set off the huge assembly of pro-terroristcounterculture individuals. killings and escalating violence. Representatives from Communist League, Maoist groups, the DKP, various Thirdthe World and anti-imperialist groups, 'Non-violent peace movement'? "former" terrorists like Peter Paul Zahl and their controllers Representatives of a total of 26 organizations are cur­ such as Erich Fried of London, and even black-clad Nazi rently meeting as a coordinating committee of the so-called punks were all present. collective peace movement in Bonn, to prepare the organi­ The president of the Lutheran Convention, Erhard Ep­ zation for the actions of the expanded movement in the fall. pIer, had declared before the conference that opposing nucle­ The biggest actions, planned for Oct. 15-22, are intended to ar armaments was a Christian duty and recommended "non­ paralyze much of the Federal Republic . violent civil disobedience" through "refusal of cooperation "Decentralized preliminary actions" in every city and with all military forces."

EIR July 26, 1983 International 35 Witches and pig's blood not to recommend such actions. October 17 has beendeclared "Women 's Resistance Day," Exactly such actions by "defenseless" young or old wom­ and, from past demonstrations, will undoubtedly be distin­ en will introduce the Ohnesorg Effect into the debate. The guished by imaginative actions. At the 1981 Lutheran Con­ organizers of "Operation Atonen;lent" reported to have vention in Hamburg, women demonstrators doused them­ close connections with the East bloc asare well as to the Inter­ selves with pig's blood, and at the Military Fair IDEE in denominational Peace Council in Holland, which serves Hannover they lay in the street naked, again dousing them­ as a central coordinating committee(IKF) for the European peace selves with pig's blood. movement and also has connections to the East bloc. Station­ The next day is the "Day of Anti-Militarism and of Inter­ ing and Transportation of Nuclear Weapons, a book put out national Solidarity," which will emphasize international pol­ by the IKF to give an exact description of all relevant details itics--Nicaragua, Salvador, peace movements in the for demonstrators , such as identificationof carson munitions World, i. e. , for IndiaElns , and so forth.The Revolutionary ThirdCells trains, was published by the Alfred Mechtersheimers Insti­ at the Social Science Institute of the Konrad Adenauer tute in Starnberg in the Federal RepUblic. Institute(RZ) in Bonn recently announced that the institute will play a critical role in the "encirclement of the underdeveloped Green Party treason countries, especially Latin America." The Green Party has announced they will publish a mili­ "Workers' Resistance J?ay" follows, which, given the tary base map for the state of Hesse during the state elections, commitments of the printing and paper union leaders, the which will occur in the midst of the September "hot phase." metalworkers' (IGM) leaders , and the national labor federa­ None other than Hessian parliament member Gertrud Schill­ tion (DGB) to participate, may even involve strikes. Detlef ing, who has met with international terrorist controller Hensche, an official ofthe IG Printing and Paperunion , and Muammar Qaddafi in Libya, announced that all groups of Social Democratic Party member Oskar Lafontaine both con­ Greens should be mobilized for that election. The Green sider a general strike justifiedby the present situation. Franz Newsletter says that "all military installations, munition de­ Steinkillller, a regional leader of the IGM in Baden-Wiirttem­ pots , and whatever else there is," including federal border berg, recently declared that appropriate forms of resistance protective installations, should be identified. "Take a walk for the autumn must be found in order to help stop rearma­ and look more closely at the concrete bunkers '" ment. The GEW, the teachers' union, has already declared Green Party leader Petra Kelly said, following her elec-

.._. -- ­ _ as.. '�Resistance-Day-of·the -Schools�tand-torms-of tion-to the-federa:l parliament March 6 ;-1bat pass O"civilct, 20 disobedience"-sit-ins on school grounds and brief on all relevant information she received in Bonnshe to would the peace strikes against learning-are planned. movement; Roland Vogt, another Green parliamentarian and Then comes the "Resistance Day of Parliament," during friend of Qaddafi, stated that he only sees a chance for stop- which legislatures, ministries, and state officeswill be block­ ping the NATO rearmament "in a widespread campaign of aded, very likely followed by the Green Party again opening civil disobedience." Vogt's definition of civil disobedience the parliament building to squatters. This time, they will includes disruption of leading West German government probably not stop at throwing bags of paint at the Federal institutions. eagle, the state symbol of West Germany, in the plenary hall The plans of the "autonomous" factions, who operate on of the National Parliament in Bonn, as they did last month. the periphery of the Revolutionary Cells and the RAF terrorist The week will climax in three simultaneous major ac­ groups, are well developed. In the north of Germany, block­ tions, large marches called "Public Meetings for Peace," in ades of NATO installations in Bremerhaven by "autono­ which a total of 1 million individuals will participate in Bonn, mous" groups are set for Oct. 13-15. Harbor traffic is to be Hamburg , and Stuttgart. crippled. The Carl Schurz barracks, the seat of the V.S. Despite verbal disagreements, the merger of the "tradi­ military sealift command, the Midgard area in the port of tional" and the "militant" peace movements is well advanced. Nordham, which is the concentration point for V.S. arma­ At the last press conference of the Coordinating Committee ments in Europe, and the V . S. barracks in the Garstedt fields in Bonn, assurances were given that the "passive deployment are to be blockaded. of bodies" would be carried out in non-violent blockades and Earlier, on Aug. 19-21, peacegroups will meet in north sit-ins, "in the practice of Gandhi and Martin Luther King." Germany at a peace and environmentalist camp to "become Yet invading V. S military bases is considered "non-violent," acquainted with the region." "Alternativecity tours" through although demonstration coordinators such as Andreas Zu­ Bremerhaven and Nordenham will be used to familiarize mach and J 0 Leinen know well that V.S. soldiers have orders demonstrators with the targets. The Wesermarsch Workers ' to shoot if unauthorized demonstrators are found on V. S. Circle, which over a period of months has put together a military property. Such tactics as "Operation Atonement," network of spies to observe munitions transportation in the cited by Andreas Zumach , are modelled on operations in Federal Republic, accompanied with "appropriate actions," England, when old women and young girls scaled barbed will work out plans by August in order to meet the next wire security fences with ladders and sheets. Zumach claims deliveries with demonstrations.

36 International EIR July 26, 1983 The Workers' Circle, based in Bremen, is certainly one which read "Destroy NATO-Drive Out the Yankees," and of the most dangerous of the groups. A few months ago they "Stop U.S. Military Transports ." These operations were car­ proposed that "on the very long railway lines, operations ried out to show that the movement already possesses com­ could make their weight felt. Forming carpets of humans in plete information on transport; the ship had taken a route not frontof trains, citizens chained to railway cars, sabotaging normally used, because there had already been disturbances of railway signals, gasoline bombs and burningauto tires on on the usual route. Clearly, the change of route had been thetracks , stones, balloons filled with paint, emergency brake immediately detected and the information immediately passed operations, demonstrations ...should take place along the along. entire line. " Still more crucial are operations against railway muni­ The movement will come to Hamburg for a giant dem­ tions shipments. In the last week of April, 11 Molotov cock­ onstrationon Oct. 10, and will "make their presence felt with tails were found along the Heidelberg-Karlsruherailway line, the occupation of the Military Academy of the Federal Re­ to be used in an attack planned for May. These bombs, public." The coordinating committee's demonstration will thrown against a munition-bearing railway car, could have "carry the stamp of the forms of action of the independent caused a catastrophe. In the beginning of May, unknown peace movement," for which everything is justified by the individuals set off a small explosion on the Cologne-Eu­ constantly repeated slogan: "What is all this in comparison skirchen line at the railway relay station. In December 1982, withthe horror of war!" a signal wire on the Bremen-Hamburg line was cut. In the south, the militants are planning to form a human Some militant groups possess maps showing all the im­ chain from VIm to Stuttgart, and hold a demonstration in portant supply points for u.S. munitions transports from front of the NATO European Command headquarters in Nordenham in central Germany. Such groups have also dis­ Stuttgartas the high point of the actions there. At the planning cussed the fact that if the railway bridge in Huntebriick at sessions of the southern German peace movement, Alex­ Elsfleth were to be destroyed, it would be impossible to ander Schubart, a veteran of the often violent demonstrations maintain supplies by railway. Such actions against the rail­ against building a new runway at the Frankfurt international ways could also occurin Hesse. airport, said that traditional demonstrations must be tran­ "A Plea for a Confrontation in Autumn," published anon­ scended: actions must express the non-violent movement's ymously by the Atomexpress of the GoUingenWorkers against commitment to political confrontation in a "diamond-hard" Nuclear Power, proposes a nationwide operation at the manner. Frankfurt U.S. Air Base, to draw in "one of the most ad­ Those are the marching orders for the demonstrations vanced resistance movements in the Federal Republic, the planned to blockade the Pershing II installation barrack in movement against West Runway [at the Frankfurt airport] , south Germany, in Mutlangen near Schwabisch Gmiind, which was also the runway for air base bombers and transport which are set for Sept. 3-9. Schubart also wants to see the planes." The Atomexpress, recently the subject of an official NATO blockade in Stuttgard throughly prepared. The sum­ investigation for having published declarations of the Revo­ mer is being devoted to this purpose and to spying by the lutionaryCel ls, says further that "the infrastructure of the air various "peace camps" on military installations and cruise base and the entire surrounding area [freeway points] is ex­ missile sites. In the western part of the country, the NATO tremely vulnerable. A large action will completely block Air Force headquarters as well as cruise missile sites in Bit­ transportation and maybe even the air traffic in the re­ burg-Eifel will "be shut down, as long at there is breath in gion ....The base is better suited than almost any other our bodies," at least on Oct. 18-22. place for all kindsair of actions." This operation will draw in decentralized actions in the Escalating violence and terror region. A member of "The Registered Association of Tank Potentially dangerous actions, not always reportedin the Killers," one of the approximately 300 active anti-runway press, have already taken place in recent months at military terrorists, who every Sunday for months have destroyed wall bases and major traffic arteries. Security forces confirmthat supports, set fire to trucks, and conducted other actions, there is "considerable motion" in the left and that violent wrote in the same paper that "the runway movement has confrontations between demonstrators and the military this perhapsgrown smaller, but it is therefore even more durable summer and fall cannot be ruled out. The Revolutionary Cells and sure of its goal. ...That 'night shift' actions with ex­ and Baader-Meinhof RAF could take part in the militants' traordinary coordination (including some hundred attempts actions or commit spectacular terrorist acts themselves in the in the last two months) were carried out is extremely encour­ ensuing chaos. aging ...- . When the times comes, we'll assassinate !: ... At the beginning of June, the office of Midgard AE in Because of arrests, certain singled out individuals must take Bremen, which handles a great part of the business of muni­ precautions: resolute small groups, timely retreats to the large tions transportation, was briefly occupied. On June 4, the group, and disguises will allow some to escape. munitions ship Bernaniain Dorsten in the northern Ruhr, was "Against concrete we can do little, so sabotage should be splattered with paint and met by demonstrators carryingsigns restricted to security installations .. [These] cause huge ex-

EIR July 26, 1983 International 37 penses, and makes large expenditures by the police neces­ theeditorial staff of the alternativenewspaper Radical and in sary . . . . We can learnfrom one another that future opera­ the early 1970s published the terrorist paper 883 , were re­ tions will not be simple." cently detained for two weeks for publishing material for a terroristorganization. Support networks Harlin is also a founder of the Self-Help Network, an The peace movement could not exist without the various alternative bank which finances the counterculture and the congresses and proclamations for solidarity made by persons squatters' movement, and he works for the Berlin pro-terror­ who would never dirty their own hands with Molotov cock­ ist Tageszeitung, which recently contributed to the disturb­ tails. The belief structure and evaluation of the situation, as ances during the visit ofU .S. Vice-President George Bush in well as some of the logistical structure, are created by entirely Krefeld, by distributing an anonymous appeal for the violent different persons and agencies. actions which tookplace . This May, 450 judges and lawyers met "for peace" in The detention of Harlin and KIOcker has activated the Bonn. Martin Hirsch, a former federal judge, told the partic­ entire old and new networks of sympathizers: Ingeborg ipants that "there is no resistance without risk," and Professor Drewitz, ManfredBi ssinger of Konkret magazine, Sebastian Diiublerof the University of Bremen developed in detail how Cobler, Gunter Grass, Helmut Gollwitzer, the Greens, the thepeace movement has a right, based on fundamentaI law, ActiOn/Reconciliation groups, and parts of the Social Dem­ to resist the installation of the missiles. A congress of scien­ ocratic Party. Although these alternative papers provide an tists opposed to rearmament and nuclear weapons will take essential communication network for the terrorists and pro­ place in early July, undoubtedly to create "scientific"support terroristmovement, they have not been outlawed. The Atom­ for the movement. express , known for its distribution of Revolutionary Cell The network of sympathizers is now much more exten­ writings, put it this way: "If declarations frommilitant groups sive than the one which supported the first generation of were withheld from the public through official action, their terroristsin the middle 1970s, but that logistical structurestill actions would be more difficultto carry out or would remain exists. Leading terrorist defense lawyers of the 1970s such anonymous. Only if the self-conception of a group and its as Otto Schily today members of parliament, and Berlin goals known, can its concepts be discussed and can it journalists Benny Harlinare and Michael KIOckner, who on have anare influence on resistance strategy." are

EXECUTIVE INTELLIGENCE REVIEW

specialTechnic al Report BEAM WEAPONS: THE SCIENCE TO PREVENT NUCLEAR WAR director of by Dr. Steven Bardwell, plllSma physics fo r the Fusion Energy Fou ndation.

This report ,ncludes: • a ma­ als, over the next 20 scientific and technical analysis of the four and energy production jor con nection defetypesnse, of beam-weapons forthe ballistiC areas miSSile years.nation's and the close between eac" which also specifiesare to of thesuc­ ci-:­ fusion energy development program cessfuvilian lec onomy that crucial their and its beam weapon potentials; development; • a Project" • a of the th e impact "Manhattan onfor beam­ detailed comparison an accountU.S. and Soviet pro­ we apon development wo uld have military grams in this field, and of the differ� security aridthe Civilian economy_ ences in strategiC doctrinebehind the widening for Order Soviet lead in beam weapons; 1be reportIs ava ilablecontact 5250. Engdahl#82007 • the of directed to Foror more Infonnatfon, WIlHam uses energy beams transform Peter EJmIs. EIRspecial servtces, raw�materials development, industrial materi- · (212t 247041820.

38 International EIR July 26, 1983 Muammar Qaddafi's KGB controllers direct Libya in Mrica conquests by Thierry Lalevee

By the time this article is published, Libyan troops and the stem the growing troublein the South, Sudan authorities have military forces of Libyan puppet Goukouni-Weddei may be also discovered Israeli armsthere . already in control of the capital of the Central African state of Chad, N'djamena. Or they may be 20 kilometers away, The Chad offensive shelling N'djamena with their special East German and So­ Sources close to PresidentHabn� assert that not only were viet artillery to transform it into a Beirut-style war-torn city, the "Islamic legions" of Qaddafi, on the order of 5,000 to as occurred during prior interventions by Muammar Qaddafi 10,000 troops, fully involved on the �ide of Goukouni, but or Qaddafi-backedfor ces into Chad. Whether a Libyan-spon­ East Germans and other East bloc advisers could be spotted soredgovernment is established in N'djamena, or the country too. Confirmation of this Soviet backing appears in recent is partitioned, this will be a major victory for Qaddafiand his articles in the TASS agency's New Times as well as Radio Soviet and Nazi International controllers. Moscow commentaries. All these articles denounced the United States and France for their support to the legitimate The Soviet game government of Hissene Habn!; TASS came out openly sup­ Though Libya has been the most visible factor in support porting Goukouni. On previous occasions, they had waited of the Goukouni rebellion, the prime mover has been the until the last minute to supportGouko uni. The decision to do Soviet Union and its satellites. Qaddafi is rampaging on the so now underlines the fact that for the U.S.S.R. and Libya, southern and eastern flanks of Egypt, in Sudan as well as Chad as such is not the issue: the issue is to give the United Chad. This offensivecould presently leave Egypt, the most States and its allies defeat after defeat throughoutthe devel­ significant nation in the region, with no option but to play oping sector over the next few months. The Russians (along ball with the Russian empire-builders who control Qaddafi, with Qaddaafi's Swiss-based Nazi International supervisors: along with the Swiss-based Nazi International. see EIR , July 19) expect that as they eliminate sovereign Qaddafiis overtly calling for the end of nations, for "united nation-states in the Middle East, and prevent their emergence pan-Arab action ...so that the single homeland may revert in Africa, the region can be broken up into small ethnic and to being united once again and the single Arab people return religious entities dominated in the manner that the Byzantine to being one people." He charges that "must be ban­ and other Oriental empires have historically controlled their ished from the ranks of the Arab nation."Egypt subjects. Egypt drew up an integration charter with Sudan late last As the French press put it on July 11, once Chad has yearin an attempt to strengthen Sudan and aid its desperately fallen, the next targets will be Mali and Niger; then will come needed economic development. Egypt is focusing a lot of its Upper Volta, where a Libyan cold coup was recently defused attention on the troubled southern Sudan , which is the most when the pro-Libyan prime minister, Captain Sankara, was undeveloped area in Africa, in hopes of preempting the kind arrested and the military agreements he signed with Tripoli of trouble that Qaddafi and his allies are now stirring up. repudiated. The same kind of situation had developed earlier Libya is reportedly arming these rebels, as well as providing in the Central African Republic , which a year ago accepted training in camps in Ethiopia. Refugees from Chad will now Libyan military advisers as a tactic to put pressure on the increase as a result of Qaddafi 's attack, flooding an already French for additionat financial support. In a few weeks, the unstable westernSudan with more people. In advisers and the Libyan ambassador were ousted. their efforts to EIR July 26, 1983 International 39 Libya's answer to these two setbacks was to fully arm teriologIcal" and nuclear" missiles; Torres predicted confi­ Goukouni and launch him against the goverment of Chad. dently that the Gulf war between Iran and Iraq would be An added incentive for Qaddafi was his defeat at the OAU ended by December at the latest. meeting in May when he was unable to use the issue of the Torres is a self-avowed admirer of Adolf Hitler. Investi­ Sahara Polisario to create a crisis and split the organization gations have suggested that his work in Iran may have been as he expected to . done on behalfof some international neo-Nazi network around The Soviets and East Germans may also have given the the old Otto Skorzeny networks. That the Soviets find them­ advice to Qaddafi to act now, taking into account an increas­ selves in bed with Nazis for developing such weapons in Iran ing wave of unrest inside the Libyan army. At the beginning and Libya is after all not really surprising. ofJune, Green March, the weekly mouthpiece of the regime, The Geneva-based high-energy physics laboratory CERN, had begun a wave of denunciations of career officersas being a center contaminated by Soviet KGB operations, is report­ "corrupt, drunken, pornographs, and drug addicts." Qaddafi edly training some 80 Libyan physicists. A relevant operation was out to give control of the army to his "revolutionary is the Trieste Center for Theoretical Physics, led by Club of committees"; there have reportedly been no less than three Rome member Prof. Abdus Salam. Sal�ne of the top attempted army rebellions since the beginning of the year. "theorists" associated with CERN-has been linked to Mus­ How they were organized remains a mystery, though it is lim Brotherhood fundamentalist operations throughout the known that an extreme fundamentalist organization based in Arab world. He has been personally engaged in indoctrina­ Teheran, "AI Tahrir al Islamiyya," has a strong following in tion of Third World scientists into "anti-technology" and the army. A secular grouping, the "7th of April," named after "anti-Western"ideologies such as the "Islamic Science" cult. a 1976 wave of executions ordered by Qaddafi against his opponents, is also reported to be active. Who can overthrow Qaddafi? These developments aroundChad a major test of the are Qaddafiand the bomb ability or, at this point, inability of the Westernallies to check Qaddafi has a specificpreoccupation in attacking Chad, Libya. France and the United States verbally support Hissene Mali, and Niger, and it is called uranium. Habre, yet have sent only enough military material to allow For the past 10 years Libya has been occupying the north­ him to resist, not to win. As militaryreports indicated, a few ernpart of Chad, the Tibesti region, which is rich in uranium Jaguar jet fighterssent by the French would have been enough deposits. There are reportedly more of stichminerals nearby; to defuse the danger represented by Goukouni, but this was Niger is a net exporter of uranium. Libya's search for urani­ not done. um stems from Qaddafi' s longstanding project to acquire an Zaire sent troops and materiel, as did other African coun­ "Islamic" nuclear bomb. According to intelligence sources, tries, but France stuck to a policy of "non-interference" which, Libya, to which the Soviets have given a nuclear research as the conservative daily Le Figaro put it, will ensure that reactorreportedly staffedin part by East Germans, is working "tomorrow Paris will have to send weapons to Mali and Niger on at least two projects for a nuclear reactor in the Syrte and . . . and the next day to another African country. " Seta region. A Soviet-Finnish consortium would be ready to With a pro-Libyan faction in control on this question, do thejob . Paris made the calculation that once Goukouni becomes pres­ Meanwhile, Libya has been cooperating in this area with ident, they will be able to "buy him"-a plan challenged by Iran and Pakistan: Pakistan's nuclear program has been in Le Figaro , which asserted that Goukouni, once in power, large part financed by the Libyans, who pay for Swiss and would be assassinated and immediately replaced by another Italian nuclear firms' exportsthere . It is widely admitted that Libyan puppet. Libya doesn't merely pay the bill but gets the material as Since the beginning of the crisis, along with African well, or at least controls it in a joint venture with the Pakis­ leaders, EIR and its associates launched an international ap­ tanis. They receive the financial help of Saudi princes such peal to all governments to contain Libya, boycott its oil as Prince Nawwaf, who helped create the "Space Research exports, and pave the way for the final overthrow of the Corporation" of the Pakistani-connected Saad Gabr in Can­ madman. Reactions to that appeal have been a most interest­ ada, and is also a main shareholder of the West Gemian ing litmus test, as certain so-called moderate countries in the missiles firm Otrag , which is said to be using Baluchistan as Arabian peninSUla answered by denouncing EIR as "paid by a testing ground. the Zionists," while various Israelis were boasting that Qad­ Libyan control over uranium-producing African coun­ dafi "is more of a problem for the Arab countries." tries could open the way for quicker realization of the Islamic Effortsto pull together some kind ofpan-African military bomb project. This coincides with Iran's development of new force to hold back Qaddafi in Chad will be complicated by missiles, including nuclear missiles, according to Spanish the current head of the Organization of African Unity, Ethi­ engineer Jose Luis Torres, who spent eight months in Iran. opian strongman Mengistu Meriam. The Soviet-dominated Torres, as the newspaper El Pais described it, headed Iran's Mengistu is opposing any outside intervention in aid of Habre, missile program, which includes the development of "bac- claiming that the fighting in Chad is an internal conflict.

40 International EIR July 26, 1983 .\ theAhmadiyya to disruptthe PPP, the cult is "actively pre­ paring for the post-Zia era." Whatever the rivalry between theAhmadiyya and Zia's Jamaati backers, they have become united against the PPP by their common creator, British intelligence, against their Pakistanire sistance common enemy, the modernization and · independence of Pakistan begun by Bhutto. targetted by cultists Ostensibly, the Ahmadiyya sect was created in by Hazrat Ghulam Abmad Sahib, who claimed to have 18discov­89 the tomb of Jesus in Kashmir and the "fact" that Christ by Mary Lalevee \ereddid not die on the cross, but went to Kashmir and lived to more than 100 years old. The sect has members worldwidebe, It is now six yearS since Pakistani dictator Gen. Zia Haq' s but, not surpris�ngly, was officially declared non-Islamic in military co�p in Pakistan, on July . . PrimeVI- Minister by the IslamicConference in Saudi Arabia andby Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the only democratically5, 1977 elected prime Minister1974 Bhutto in Pakistan. Prime minister of Pakistan, was overthrown, and hanged for a The cult's origins are more secularthan its mystical trap­ trumped-up murder charge. Martial law was declared, and pings might have one believe. It was created by the British,

opponents summarilyimprisoned . Hundreds of thousands' of the colonizers of India, to manipulate the Indian Muslim Pakistanisfled abroadto escape �rsecution . community against the independence struggle. The founder In many European countries and in the United States, was treated as a virtual "adopted son"-some say adopted Bhutto's political party, the Pakistan People's Party (PPP), pet-of Queen Victoria. The current head is a knight of the is organizing opposition to Zia's dictatorship. The PPP is British realm. The sect opposed the independence struggle beingtargeted by hatrassment, persecution, deportation, and against Britain, rej ecting both the creation of a inde­ more insidious operations. pendent India and ·the partition into separate united,of India

� One of the latter is being conductedby a pseudo-Islamic and Pakistan. states cult called the Abmadiyya sect. The Abmadiyya activities :'::ollowing the partition, the cult-which concen­ against PPP vary from country to country-from collab­ trates on recruiting19 elite47 bureaucrats , businessmen and mili­ oratingthe with Zia against the PPP, to trying to infiltrate the officers-infiltrated the Pakistani government. first PPP, hoping to confuse the strategy of the party and render it foreigntary of Pakistan, "Sir" Muhammed The impotent. The cult's stance is reflected in its news­ anotherminister knight of the British realm, was a sectZafrulla memberKhan, . which praisesZia, attacks the PPP, slandersWathan Murtaza cult was particularly influentialin the military dictatorshipsThe Bhuttopaper, as a "terrorist," and runs ads from the government­ before Z. A. Bhutto's election as prime minister, ran a owned, narcotics-linked Pakistan International Airlines. protected "state within a state" at Rabwah in the Punjabana area In Germany, where Foreign Minister Hans-Dietrich of Pakistan. Genscher collaborates with Zia, an Ahmadiyya memberre­ The constitution established during Prime Minister portedly officially advises the German authorities on which Bhutto's19 administration73 declared the sect non-Islamic . Bhut­ Pakistanis to grant asylum. He aided the German foreign to dissolved the protected status of the cult, and many of its ministry's recent spate of deportations of leading PPP mem­ leaders went into exile. The grandson of the founder now bers back to Zia' s jails and hangings. This man travels regu- lives in Washington, D.C., where he served as an important larly to Pakistan. , World Bank official. The cult responded to Bhutto's moves In New York, Ahmadiyya members meet with-the Paki­ with "prophecies" that Bhutto would be hanged, a "prophe­ consul and cooperat;e with the consulate in anti-PPP cy" borne outwhen Zia launched his coup in and hanged staniactivities through the Pakistan Federation, set up by Zia dur- Bhutto two years later. It was not the first of19 such77 strangely / ing his December trip to New York. accurate "prophecies." , In some countries1982 of Europe, the Abmadiyya cultists are Despite the Muslim Brotherhood's supposed antagonism trying the opposite tactic-working their way into the PPP. to Abmadiyya, Zia condemned Bhutto's moves against the They claim to be opposed to Zia because of the history of Ahmadiyya and loosened many of Bhutto' s restrictions. One violence betweenthe Abmadiyya and Zia's main backer, the leading member of the Ahmadiyya sect, Pakistani nuclear ' fundamentalistJamaat- i-Islami (Muslim Brotherhood). Yet, physicist Abdus Salam, a member of the Malthusian Club of atleast one PPP member has been told that· if he tried to stop Rome, and trainer of Israeli physicist Yuval Neeman the Ahmadiyya, he would "have problems with [his] family ("father of the lsraeli nuclearnuc1eJf bomb") is widely suspected of \ Pakistan."S ome Ahmadiyya members in Sweden, Yugos­ aiding Zia' s atom bomb efforts . October the British lavin members not involveddirectly in the anti-PPP activities, magazineNew Scientist quoted AbdusIn Salam19 81,wildly attack­ h8ve been arrested for and arms smuggling. ing for its exposes of the Muslim Brotherhood and the " One source s'aid thatdrugswhile the Pakistaniregime was using ClubEIR of Rome· in the Islamic world.

July International EIR 26, 1983 41 , Italy: 'reformers' behind Craxi plot end of the First Republic byLeonardo Servidio

Two days the publication of the results of the June 26 Nazi-type regime under the control of the eastern part of the elections, theafter walls of italiancities werecovered with posters "Bulgarian Track," which is to say under Andropov, and of the MSI (Movimento SocialeItaliano-the neofascist par­ Italy with a neofascist regime under the control of Andro­ which announced, "the first Republic is dead:" Not only pov'sopposite number in the West, the TrilateralCommi ssion. ty)from the MSI, whose program has always been to overturn This is exactly what is happening today . the institutions of thc\first Republic, but from everywhere came demands for an "institutional" change. The Case of Emanuela Orlandi The daily newspapers of June 9 announced a series of It is not a coincidence that the case of Emanuela Orlandi meetings taking place among Socialist (PSI) boss Bettino exploded at the time of the June 26 elections. year-old Craxi , Radical Party head Marco Pannell a and Gianni Ag­ citizen of Vatican City, the daughter of an employeeA 15 of the nelli, Trilateral Commission member and leader of the in­ Pope, was kidnapped 'lune 22. The kidnappers , who have dustrialists' association Confindustria, to discuss the "insti­ never identified themselves, were careful only to make tutional reform ." The radical-chic weekly, L'Espresso, an­ that they were foreigners, perhaps Croatians , and areknown de­ nounced that without institutional reform, it will no longer manding, in exchange for the life of the girl, the freeing of be possible to govern.. The Liberal , Bozzi, who headed the Mehmet Ali Agca, the man who tried to kill the Pope, whom Parliamentary commission for the reform of the institutions they say they want to take to East dermany. created at the end the last legislature, announced that the Agca reactedby declaring thatthe order to shootthe Pope of presentlegislature will be that of institutional reform. was given him by the Soviet KGB andQY the Bulgariansecret The most detailed of all in specifying what'type of reform . services and asking the Italian state not to accept the ex­ he wanted was the governor of the Bank of Italy, Carlo change . Agca is obviously concerned that someone wants Ciampi, who in his annual report, given at the end of May at him "freed" in order to silence him once and for all. the heiglitof the electoral campaign, called for abolishingthe The case has the eerie quality of being stage managed, 1936 Banking Law in order to permit the banks to operate on perhaps in preparation for a wave of destabilization like the the stock market and to phtce financial policy completely in "Moro case," when the scenario set up was the conflict be­ the hands of the Bank of Italy , excluding Parliament. This tween the "partyof negotiations" and the "partyof firmness," would remove national sovereignty Dver economic issues. under conditions in which, as theHon . Tina Anselmi, head Italy has alwaysbeen the borderland between the western of the Parliamentary Coriunission investigating the illegal P-

worlds , a where opposingtendencies clash. 2 lodge has declared, P-2 control of the investigating bodies I Itand wouldeastern not make senseterrain to look at what is happening in Italy guaranteed that law enforcement could never free . Moro . today withouttaking this into consideration. Today , the scenario which the kidnappers of Emanuela Or­ It is not an accident that the investigation which brought landi seem to be following is to force a split between the to light the "Bulgarian connection" took off from the Italilm Vatican and the Italian state , possibly foreseeing that the magistrates' probe of the attempted assassination of Pope Pope might call for the liberation of Agca. John Paul II. The "Bulgarian track," as it is called in italy , is The · objective in the 1978 Moro kidnapping was to pre­ an international mafia complex, linked, as EIR has docu­ vent Italy from realizing a policy independent from the Tri­ mented, to powerfulgroups such as the Bulgarian Soviet lateral Commission mafia typified by Henry Kissinger. In secret services, the Sicilian-American mafia,the Swissand finan­ case of the kidnapping of Emanuela Orlandi , objectivethe is cial apparatus, and the old "Mitteleuropa" Nazi networks .. exactly the same: silencing the investigations theof the "Bulgar­ Some months ago, Lyndon H. LaRouche wamed that these ian Track" and its mafia and Trilateral Commission connec­ groups would do anything to silence the inquiries of the tions in the West. Parallel to this, perhaps, is the aim of Italian magistrates , and would perhaps go so far as to bring unleashing a national wave of emotionalism that would cause about the equivalent of a civil war or coup d' etat in Italy, in the institutionalreforms and perhaps other special laws to be the context of a "repartition" of Europe: Germany with a passed automatically and without opposition.

42 International EIR July 26, 1983 The reforms proposal , and parallel to the French system. All these pro­ Parliament has been increasingly paralyzed during the posals aim at shrinking the power of the parties, and forcing past years. Since 1972, when the first "early elections" took the electoral process into two large opposing fronts-if the place, there have no elections following the normal schedule, winner-takes-all principle replaced the present proportional but always early elections. This is due to the constant political election system-which would define a stable, unmovable tensions among the parties, which is the result of the shrink­ executive for the full duration of the legislature . age of the "economic pie" since the end of the 1960s, when As evidence of how these proposals are being pushed the effects of the policy of industrialization imposed by En­ with the goal of destabilizing the government, it is enough to rico Mattei through the state sector industries came to an end. realize that the masonry, which in Italy is promoting this type It is a bitter irony that the same Bank of Italy which, by of reform, is proposing in France exactly the opposite reform , usurping control of economic policy constitutionally belong­ i.e., to go from the presidential system to a proportional ing to parliament, caused capital flightand blocked the policy parliamentary system. The activity of parliament, after the of industrialization, today proposes to totally take away con­ death of Moro, has been increasingly tormented by internal trolof the economy of the country from Parliament. struggles among the political currentsand by the obstruction­ The Moro assassination ended the policy of construction ism of the Radical or MSI parties. of nuclear plants for energy independence and collaboration Added to all this, the "politics of scandal" has been im­ with the communist opposition with the aim of bringing the posed. The first, a short time after Moro's death, was the PCI totally into the western camp in the framework of East­ Lockheed scandal, whose most prominent victim was Presi­ West entente. Such a policy was sponsored by Pope Paul VI, dent Leone. It is significant that it was Kissinger who first who aimed to constitute a Europe economically independent created the conditions for the scandal through the lavish from the International MonetaryFund and able , through the Lockheed bribes, allowing the indiscriminate elimination of European Monetary Fund, to develop the economy of the various persons in the world in order to destabilize national Third World. Right after Moro's death, Bettino Craxi, the institutions. friend of Kissinger and the Trilateral and its policy of de­ The politics of scandal has run a long road, passing through stabilization, got the upper hand, and announced a few months the petroleum scandal, the scandal of the P-2 10dge, reaching later that the Italian Socialist Party he heads was aiming at finallythe last electoral campaign in which, in place of polit­ institutional reform. ical debate, there were only scandals. In Turin and in Liguria, The MSI specified and formalized this policy in a bill Craxi's Socialists and P-2ers have been charged with illegal proposing "to give more power to the executive," as the activities, while in Naples 900 arrest warrants for members Trilateraloid Fiat president Agnelli also began demanding at of the camorra (the Neapolitan mafia) have shed light on the every opportunity. This would mean getting rid of parlia­ links of the camorra to the Christian Democrats, Socialists, mentary control over the executive through creation of a priests, nuns and various others . populist presidential republic . Executive powers would be If these scandals have brought to light situations empha­ concentrated in the hands of the prime minister or president sizing the mafiaconnections in the political world, they have of the republic. The MSI demands direct election of the also laid the basis for the total discrediting of political insti­ President and, in order to totally exclude political forces, tutions. If it were not for the "politics of scandal ," Craxi and frequent popular referenda, and finally, election to parlia­ his cronies-in the PSI or in jail or sought by the law for ment of spokesmen of the economic forces, according to the cases ranging from conspiracy against the State to swindle­ old corporativist tradition whereby those who have money would have already ceased to exist as a political phenome­ prevail over the majority. The similarity with the demands of non. But the PSI of Craxi has been held together, as the case Ciampi is evident. The Socialist, Republican, and Liberal of Calvi showed, even when it took the injections of billions parties, even though they have not officiallyexpressed them­ ofliras, becausethe PSI ofCraxi is theparty of destabilization. selves, have privately indicated their accord with these ideas Today the reform of the institutions is taken for granted of reform, which are those for which the freemasonry is also by everyone. It is only a question of time, and that means the working. increased power of the executive wanted by Agnelli, which Meanwhile, Craxi and De Mita have introduced the pres­ translatesinto economic dictatorship. idential system into their parties: the secretary of the party is The fundamental question today is this: whether the re­ elected directly by the Congress so as to be able to corrupt form will serve only to impose a new fascism in Italy, or if the leadership and the secretariat. Practically it is a matter of the political forces will wake up in time to adopt the reform extending this party model to the Parliament. Christian Dem­ of the heavy lira proposed by Lyndon LaRouche's collabo­ ocratic secretary De Mita has signaled his personal agreement rators in Italy. The crucial immediate test is that of the Bul­ with the reform policy, declaring himself favorable to the garian connection. The kidnapping of Emanuela Orlandi must direct election of mayors . not become a new national tragedy, but must rather strike out In the Christian Democracy, the going proposal is the at those principally responsible for the Bulgarian track: from election of deputies through the winner-takes-all principle, Andropov to Qaddafi to the Swiss financiers who are their which would be in the main consistent with the presidential allies in this destabilization project against Italy.

EIR July 26, 1983 International 43 Separatists in the Punjab : the case of ' Sikh fu ndamentalism' by Ramtanu Maitra

Northern India has been shaken over the past three months was murdered outside the Sikh Golden Temple in Amritsar. by a series of bloody incidents, including the cold-blooded The official was a Sikh who had entered the temple unarmed murder of two high police officials and threats of terrorist in civilian clothes to pray. His hit-and-run assassination­ disruption of both road and rail transport. The epicenter of and the subsequent belief by many who saw the murder that the disturbances is the agricultural breadbasket of the coun­ the assailant had taken refuge in the temple-has created a Punjab state, involving the Sikhreligious community. situation where the police and government must intervene­ try,While the SIkhs-who represent about 1.5 percentof the and must do so without fueling a religious backlash. nation's population-are concentrated in Punjab and neigh­ On June 18, the day the "rail roko" campaign was called bouring states, they are famous as a talentedindustrial-mind­ off, two unidentified gunmen walked into the office of the ed group who have traveled and settled across the country. head of the criminal investigation agency in Kapurthala dis­ Theirreligion, which broke away from Hinduism at the tum trictof Punjab and shot him dead. of the 16th century, with its own temples and holy places, The deaths of these officials brought sharp reaction in has thus far coexisted with India's many other faiths, inte­ Punjab, as elsewhere. Prime Minister Indira Gandhi indicat­ grated into the national tapestry. ed it was not possible for the government to take a new This is now threatened by a phenomenon of religious initiative to solve the problem until "we know what their fundamentalism, which still remains in its initialphase within [Akali leaders] attitude is to the spate of violence and murders the Sikh religion. But there is not a man on the street of any taking place in the state." partof India who does not understandthat the Punjab troubles Home Minister P. C. Sethi, who is responsible for main­ are grave and have reached a turning point. Either the gov­ taining law and order throughout the nation, bitterly con­ ernment and moderate leaders of the Sikh community assert demned the assassinations, urging the moderate Sikh leaders their authority over the fundamentalists and extremists, or to tum in those involved in terrorism and assassination and the next months will produce much bloodshedand tragedy. to remove all ammunition stockpiles from the Golden Temple On April 4, a rasta roko (block the traffic) demonstration in Amritsar. No official ultimatum has yet been issued, but broke up with a death toll of 11. A few days later, the Akali thereare precedents where state police have entered the Gold­ or Sikh opposition partyeulogized the dead "martyrs"and on en Temple premises to arrestcriminals and miscreants. April 14, the Sikh New Year's Day, thousands of youths took As of this writing, a list of names of forty terrorists and an oath to be ready for new "sacrifice" in the event of a assassins suspected of taking refuge in the Golden Temple at . "Dharam Yudh" (religious war). Amritsar has been put together and submitted to the moderate Later, Akali leaders called for a prolonged mass cam­ Akali leaders. But the list significantly omits the name of the paign, beginning June 1'7, including putting up barricades to arch-fanatic Sant Bhindranwale, who has used his religious stop the trains. The purpose of their rail roko (stop the trains) preacher garb to foment violence, and is the link to the exter­ campaign, as the Akali leaders explained, is to prevent the nal "Khalistan" factor, i.e. , to the small group of Henry newly harvested wheat crop from leaving thestate. Kissinger-aided extremists who want Punjab to secede from On June 17 the governmenthalted train traffic in Punjab India to create a new independent "state" to be called "Khal­ in order to avoid a bloody confrontation. Barring a few scat­ istan." It is believed the government is still hoping to isolate tered attempts at sabotage of the railroad by the extremists, Bhindranwale without confronting him directly. the day passed relatively quietly. The authorities expressed their determination to reopen the railroads the next day, and Three basic elements the Akali leaders called offthe campaign. Three broadly distinct factions within the non-Congress­ Even more than the demonstrations, the assassinations of I Sikh population dominate the political scene in Punjab two police officials by theextremists in broad daylight shocked today. These are: the Akali Dal, a political party consisting the residents ot Punjab. On April 25, a senior police official only of Sikhs, which was established in 1920 and came to

44 International EIR July 26, 1983 power in Punjab for the firsttime in 1967 through the electoral move. They have infiltrated the moderate Sikh ranks and, in process; a group of Sikhfundamentalists under the leadership effect, taken over and turnedwhat were planned as morchas of a fanatic Sikh, Sant Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale; and Dal (peaceful demonstrations) into violent riots. Their main goal Khalsa. a small band of Sikh terrorists controlled and financed has not been achievement of various demands, but the de­ by externalsour ces, who want to secede from India, to create struction of the secular forces who favor negotiation. "Khalistan." The most important and surely the largest fac­ Behind his religious facade, Sant Bhindranwale, like Ay­ tion participating in the agitation in Punjab are the Akalis. atollah Khomeini, ;s nothing more than a mad killer. The The Akali Dal was formed almost thJ"ee decades before India Sant's formal education terminated at the fifth grade. Sur­ won independence from the British colonialists. Initially the rounded by bodyguards, Bhindranwale is now hiding in the Akalis were only involved in the reform movement within Golden Temple with a cache of arms and a pile of money. the Sikh religion. At that time, the Akali Dal was asked to Although this mad Sant has not openly demanded "Khalis­ play a key role in establishing the Shiromani Gurdwara Par­ tan," i.e., an independent Sikh nation, his seditious activities arbandhak Committee (SGPC). Run by elected committee leave no doubt that he is supporting-with arms, hard cash members, the SGPC controls all Sikh gurdwaras (temples); and inspiration-the Dal Khalsa. it was formed a month before the Akali Dal was formed. Since most of the religious demands used by Bhindran­ In spite of provocations by the British in the 1940s urging · wale to establishhis-credibility overthe yeatshave been met, the Sikhsto form an independent Sikh nation, Akali leaders the fundamentalist faction he leads is now isolated. At this chose to be a part ofIndia. During the Independence struggle, time Bhindranwale does not wield real political power among the Akali leaders also rejected a dubious offer made by the the population. Very few religious Sikhs consider him their founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, asking the Sikhs religious mentor, or even want to associate with him. But, to join the Federation of Pakistan. The murderous riots be­ sitting in the Golden Temple, where he is beneficiary of the tween Sikhs and Moslems that followed the 1947-partition Sikh custom of giving donations for community betterment of Punjab indicate that Jinnah's offer, had it been accepted that brings an estimated $7 million annually into the SPCG by the Sikhs, would have ended in a catastrophe for the Sikh religious establishment, Bhindranwale continues to be a piv­ community. otal and dangerous force in the Punjab tangle. Unless he is However, within a decade after Independence, Akali removed from the scene, future negotiations between the leaders started an all-out agitation for carving out within India Akalis and New Delhi will be difficultif not impossible . a new state of Punjab on the basis of the distinct Punjabi More to the point, any delay in negotiations will increas­ language and culture. This Akali movement came to known ingly tip the balance, helping the fundamentalists and extre­ as the campaign for "Punjabi Suba" or Punjabi hombe eland. mists to gather new strength, menacing the entire Punjab Still, during this turbulent period, the movement was kept population, Hindus and Sikhsalike . secular. In 1966 "Punjabi Suba" was won. A new reconsti­ The last group, led by the senile Jagjit Singh Chauhan, is tuted Punjab came into existence when a new state , Haryana, presently headquartered in London, with close ties in Canada was carved out of the former state of Punjab. and the United States. Chauhan, a former Akali leader who Although this reconstitution met the essential Akali de­ had served in the 1967 Punjab cabinet, calls for establishing mand, many residual problems remained, some secular, oth­ an independent Sikh nation, "Khalistan." "Khalistan" sec­ ers religious. The other two groups within the Sikh commu­ retary Sandhu has also set up shop in the Golden Temple. nity tried to use these issues to stir up fanaticism. Chauhan and his ragtag group have been given wide publicity across the world, and has been portrayed by the ·The roots of extremism Western press corps as enjoying strong support within Pun­ In the mid-seventies when Sant Bhindranwale came into jab. However, it is clear that only those forces who would the limelight, he launched a vicious campaign against the like to see the Indian Union broken up into a number of Nirankaris-a Sikhsect which preaches co-existence of Sikhs manipulable small nations are financing this terrorist group. with other religious groups. In April 1978, fundamentalists In fact, Dal Khalsa has virtually no support within Punjab clashed with the Nirankaris, and thirteen were killed. Bhin­ state. dranwale, boosted by the media, stepped up his blatant racial attacks and bigoted speeches. Unsettled issues and Akali politics When, in 1981, the leader of the Nirankaris was gunned Soon after the new Punjab state was created, having shed down, there was no doubt who had instructed the killers to the Hindu majority in Haryana, the Akalis took political pull their triggers . Although a warrant was issued for the power in the 1967 state elections. The Akalis formed a United arrestof Bhindranwale by the Punjab government, Bhindran­ Front Government, bringing in the Communist Party of India wale was frequently seen thereaftervisi ting various cities in as well as the right-wing Jana Sangh . The government also India, his armed guards swarming around him. enjoyed the support of the Communist Party (Marxist). Particularly during the past three years, Bhindranwale Political secularism, however, prevailed in Punjab and his terrorist associates have capitalized on every Akali throughout the sixties and early seventies.

ElK July 26, 1983 International 45 In the 1977 national elections, moderate Sikh leader ever, been universally accepted. Some Sikhs have expressed Prakash Singh Badal led the Akalis in forming an alliance fears that such an act would mean domination by the religious with the Janata-Ied coalition that defeated Prime Minister class among the Sikhs. They have also expressed concern Gandhi, but the alliance provedto be shortlived. that gurdwaras as well as other religious places should not A turning point was the 1980 landslide elections that be used for political purposes or as a shelter for anti-social brought Gandhi back to power. The Akalis, despite persons of any religion. their claimMrs. to be the sole representative of the Sikh commu­ nity , won only 37 of the 117 seats in the Punjab Assembly. Difficult issues The Akalis failed even to muster half the total Sikh strength The second and third demands are in no sense "Sikh" of 80 within the Assembly. demands. They are endorsed by all Punjabis. The second Frustratedby theoutcome of the 1980 elections, the Akali demand, concerningthe division of surplus waters of the Ravi leaders dusted off the set of old unresolved issues involVing and Beas rivers , is perhaps the most difficult issue to resolve. the central government and the State, organizing agitations The Punjab farmers who depend heavily on irrigated water to pressure the ruling Congress-I Partyfor settlement in their for agriculture hate to see the surplus water drain into some favor. In the process, the Akali leaders produced the seven­ other territory . Because the Ravi and Beas rivers cross the year-old "Anandpur Sahib Resolution," which was asserted territory of the old undivided Punjab, Akali leaders concede as a demand of the entire Sikh community and a kind of that Haryana has a right to share this surplus water-butnot ultimatum to New Delhi to meet those demands or face the Rajasthan. paralysis of Punjab. The resolution called for restricting the Some agitators forget that the Akali government which Union Government's jurisdiction to the areas of defense, came to power in 1977 became a party to the implementation foreign policy, CllIll!:ncy, and communications, and also of a settlement which included Rajasthan when it issued land the bogey of discrimination against the Sikhs, declaringraised that for digging the Sutlej-Yamuna Link Canal, which will carry "religion is not safe without sovereignty." The Sikh "nation" the surplus water to Haryana. Today the same Akalis are was called upon to make sacrifices in the religious crusades busy setting up barricades to prevent digging of the Sutlej­ (Dhartim It was in this documentthat the seed for a Yamuna Link Canal. By all available accounts , the central , separatistYud movemenths). was planted. government is ready to refer the issue to a l)igh-Ieveljudicial Thedocument asserts that the Sikhsare a separate nation, panel, and the Akalis have tentatively agreed to abide by the that their political goal is "supremacy of Khalsa," and that panel's decision. the realization of it through a geographical entity and a polit­ The third demand, concerning the award of Chandigarh, ical constitution is their "birthright." Only the term "Khalis­ along with Fazilka and Abhor, was very close to settlement tan"was not spelledout in the document. during the recent tripartite talks between the Congress-I, Along with putting the Anandpur Resolution forth as a opposition leaders , and the Akali leaders . The talks broke off political platform forthe Sikh community, the Akali leaders when the extremists escalated their terrorist activities. asked the central government to act on the following issues: 1) Extending permission to relay Sikh religious songs signal from the government-owned All India Radio; placing a ban A Two developments indicate that a political settlement can on tobacco aroundthe Golden Temple in Arnritsar;extending be reached and that the moderate Akalis may be able to permissionto travelwith a kirpan(a small knife) of a specific prevail. In a recent election of the Akal Takht, the highest size; and enactment of an All-India Gurdwara Act under spiritual-cum-temporal seat of the Sikhs, the Akalis elected which all the 800 Sikh shrines scattered across the country Thakedar Kripal Singh, a moderate leader. Sant Bhindran­ would be managed centrally. wale had tried vainly to get himself elected; he failed to obtain 2) Reopening of the 1981 water-sharing agreement be­ the required votes. tween Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Jammu & Kashmir. Secondly, preceding the Akal Takht election, the Sikh 3) Awarding Chandigarh, the city built as the capital of leaders had assembled in the (}olden Temple to pledge sup­ . an original undivided Punjab (before the split with Haryana) port to the Sikh leader San Harchand Singh Longowal, a to Punjab; transfer of Fazilka and Abhor areas to Haryana; longtime associate of former Chief Minister Prakash Singh and determination of the status of several disputed villages Badal . The Sikh leaders reached a consensus that the Akalis along the Punjab-Haryana border. will abide by whatever decision Longowal reaches with the The first issue, consisting of various religious demands, Center on the unresolved issues. Bhindranwale , among oth- / has been mostly met by the central government, although ers , was present at theceremon y. only after an undue delay. The only Akali religious demand The Akali leaders have also come to understand that the that is yet to be met is enactment of an All-India Gurdwara New Delhi authorities are not going to buckle down under Act. The government of India has accepted the concept in the threat of violence and chaos preached by Bhindranwale principle,and there aresigns that an agreement can reached. and his men. Withdrawal of the rail roko campaign by Sant Within the Sikh community itself this act hasbe not, how- Longowal himself is an indication of such understanding.

46 International EIR July 26 , 1983 under the British Empire in pre- 1947 days did this entity exist! Consistent with this view, in the aftermath of the 1971 war a study was prepared by the U.S. State Departmentunder Kissinger titled "U. S. Foreign Policy for the 1970s." The document asserted that "internal ethnic conflicts and sepa­ ratist strains, are a phenomenon of the contemporary world. India, more than most, has a heavy stake in the principle that such instability should not be exploited by countries through Kissinger revives the subversion or resort to arms. The alternative is a formulafor anarchy. " British Empire's tactics The Khalistan drive has taken new life since the Zia coup by Zykovsky d'etat in 1977. Zia personally met with Ganga Singh Dhillon, Uma a wealthy Sikh American citizen promoting the Sikh nation idea. Dhillon established links between one of Zia's most Since 1980, and in recent months with persistence and fre­ trusted political lieutenants, the late Chowdhury Elahi, and quency, Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and several the Sikh separatists. Sources in London indicate that the members of her cabinet in charge of domestic law and order, Pakistani embassy gives substantial financial and other sup­ have been warningthat there exists a documentable ' 'external port to the Khalistan movement. It is said to be instrumental factor" stirring up troublespots in the country. As incidents in secretly getting Chauhan himself into Pakistan for further of violence, terrorism, and calculated attempts to instigate coordination from time to time. And a Khalistan Airlines has fear increase in Punjab state-the country's breadbasket­ reportedly been set up in the same building as the Pakistan the Indian government is increasingly faced with the neces­ International Airlines, an international carrier notorious for sity of surgically isolating the " external troublemakers" from drug-smuggling activities. genuine internal discontent. While Zia goes to great length to deny involvement with To carry out this policy successfully, an evaluation is the Khalistanis, sources in India note wryly: "He can have under way of two interconnected historical processes. The his special-fotce people put on turbans and slip across the currenttro ubles in Punjab, or for that matter in the northeast­ border. The timetable for trouble is how long it takes to grow ern state of Assam, can be traced back to the 1947 partition the beards. " of the Indian subcontinent by the outgoing British colonial Recently the state unit chief of the Punjab Congress Party, rulers, as a costly condition to independence. With partition Hansraj Sharma, told the press that he has come to know that as a precedent, Anglo-American postwar strategies for the the Pakistan government has set up a camp right across the Indian subcontinent have been predicated on the idea that Indian border to provide weapons training to Sikh extremists, partitions can be imposed again and again, destabilizing the The easily traversible border has also become a center of attempts of the political leaders of the area to develop strong, opium smuggling . independent nation-states. The 1970s has seen a large growth of Sikh businessmen, In this Balkanization strategy, the 1970s have had a spe­ particularly small businessmen, in London and the United cial place. With Henry Kissinger running U. S. foreign policy States. There is little doubt that Chauhan's concentration on for most of this decade, new impetus was given to the Anglo­ the United States, where he makes several tours a year, is to American geopolitical goals. attract some of this new affluence into the Khalistan move­ In December 1971, when Indian Prime Minister Indira ment. There are few ways of controlling overseas Indians Gandhi decided to send the Indian army into East Pakistan repatriatingtheir money into India, and fewer still of catching (Bangladesh) in support of the liberation forces battling a religious and social donations. Nearly $40. million is known Kissinger-orchestrated genocide of the population, she be­ to have reached'the agitators' pockets. came one of Kissinger's most hated enemies. In 1971 Kissin­ ger told Petcr Jay, then a London Times columnist and later The British colonial scheme ambassador to Washington, that "he [Kissinger] regarded British colonial officers--and modem sociologists-

EIR July 26, 1983 International ·· 47 and encouraged to regard themselves as a totally distinct and Over the last few years, Chauhan has made numerous separate nation. Their national pride has been fostered by visits to the United States to sell his "Khalistan" policy. He every available means. " has established contact with the American Jewish Congress, In the British scheme of control of the Indian subcontinent as well as an apparently close relationship to Sen. Jesse there were three major religious entities-Hindus, Muslims, Helms, Republican of North Carolina. and Sikhs-and many minor groupings. When several dec­ In Europe, Chauhan is activating support among the same ades into the 20th century it had become clear to British political networks that have supplied the lifelines to the Is­ colonial rulers that India would one day no longer be theirs, lamic fundamentalist operations in the Middle East. This careful preparations for partition were conducted. In 1942 a includes prominent European oligarchs, their Swiss bankers special emissary of the Crown, Sir Reginald Coupland, was such as Fran<;ois Genoud, and many of the so-called human sent on a mission to determine what boundaries-religious, rights organizations based in London. Chauhan has set up a ethnic, and racial--could be drawn to maintain the subcon­ close working relationship to Phizo, the London-based Naga tinent independent in public view but in reality dependent. rebel against the Indian central government, and through him Coupla d did his homework and wrote: "India is a geo­ into the Anglican Church-controlled separatist movements. � · graphical unit; it is not divided by such physical barriers as separate nations in Europe . Its unification under British rule The Pakistan connection has not only saved India from the fate which political and A related aspect to this London activity is the subcontract economic nationalism brought on Europe. . . ." This " fate" for the Khalistan activities held by Gen. Zia UI-Haq of Pak­ was the successful industrialization of France, Italy, and istan. Zia came to power with the green light given by Henry Germany, which kept Britain off the continent. Instead, India Kissinger to have the late Pakistani Prime Minister Z. A. remained the looting ground for the British oligarchy and Bhutto overthrown and assassinated. An important reason became ' 'the jewel of the Empire. " for this murder of an elected prime minister was that Bhutto The 1971 Bangladesh war was a sideshow to Kissinger's was committed from 1973 onward to normalizing relations "China Card" diplomacy. Millions of people died because with neighboring India and winning peace in the Indian Kissinger desired the geopolitical gain of the U.S.-Peking subcontinent under the Simla pact. The Indira Gandhi-Z. A. alliance, over and above political stability and economic Bhutto political equation went against Kissinger's geopolit­ growth in Asia. Mrs. Gandhi's role in stabilizing the subcon­ ical design for weak, pliable puppet regimes south of the tinent was antithetical to the Anglo-American game, and Himalayas. Kissinger's perverse reasoning was that since the creation of Coupland developed his point further: Bangladesh repartitioned the subcontinent, why not stir up The Partition threatens to throw India back to the other "separatist" conflicts? Mrs. Gandhi stood in the way condition it was in after the breakup of the Moghul of a pliable Indian subcontinent under Maoist ' 'rule" in Asia, Empire, to make another Balkans. This would negate blessed by the Kissinger doctrine. the development of democracy in India. Partitionwould also prevent a free India from taking its due place in Birth of Khalistan the world as a great Asiatic power, for it would prob­ A product of this 1970s Kissinger policy was the emer­ ably mean disruption into several states ranking from gence of Jagjit Singh Chauhan, a little-known former finance Egypt to Siam. minister of the state of Punjab, as the leader in exile of the The British Government cannot impose, but it could "Khalistan" independence campaign. "Khalistan" is a de­ if need propose a settlement. The drawbacks to Par­ mand for redrawing the map of northern India to carve out a tition are the converse of the case of Union and apply "homeland" for the Sikhs, "taking pieces of various neigh­ to all Indians, not to Muslims only. It would rob India bouring states-Rajasthan, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, and of the supreme, the unquestioned boon which British all of Punjab in India including parts of it which are in Paki­ rule has given her. It would convert the whole sub­ stan." In December 1971, when the turmoil in Bangladesh continent into a complex of rival quasi-national sov­ was at its height, Chauhan, until then resident in London, ereignties, walled off from one another by political took out a half-page advertisement in the New York Times and economic frontiers. India in fact would be bal­ calling for the creation of " Khalistan . " Last year. Chauhan kanized and instead of being a peaceful and stable admitted that his relationship to Kissinger started in 1971, element in the new internationalstructure it might well when he was encouraged by certain elements in the U.S. become like the Balkans in the past, a breeding ground administration to publi�h the Times advertisement, in order for world war . to call into question India's nationhood. Chauhan also indicated that Kissinger promised financial The Coupland Plan has been praised by Khalistan leader­ support for the movement and the establishment of various in-exile Dr. Jagjit Singh Chauhan. It reflects the aims of overseas base to organize the movement. his movement.

48 International EIR July 26, 1983 Religion by Augustinus

Behind the ouster of Virgilio Levi he have not known that the Bulgarian Was Levifiredfor writing that the Pope ordered Lech Watesa out network to which Scricciolo was linked ' was organizing the attempt on the life of politics-or was it merely the last straw? of Lech Walesa-the same Lech Wal­ esa who was the classic "banana peel" op which Father Levi slipped? One thing is certain. The gist of the "incriminating" article by Father hen on June 26 we heard the to roll. The Pope must organize an Levi on the relations between the Vat­ Wnews that Virgilio Levi had been fired actual control commission, not only ican and Poland was certainly not an from his post as deputy director of to probe the newspaper (as was al­ interpretation of the state of these re­

L ' Osservatore Romano, we were de­ ready done by the prefect of the Vati­ lations in the light of the Holy Father's lighted, both because we had looked can Library, Mons. Adolf Stickler) but recent visit to Poland, but represented forward to such a decision by the Vat­ above to reestablish an editorial line an overt torpedo against the moderate ican and because we hoped this may more consonantall with the tradition of and realistic line of the Primate of Po­ open a new chapter in the editorial life the Church Fathers and the protago­ land, Cardinal Glemp. of the newspaper which is supposedly nists of the mid- 1 5th century Council Appealing to a potential opposi­ the voice of the Holy See. of Florence, who strenuously defend­ tion to the Cardinal's policy in extre­ All those who read L' Osservatore ed the doctrine of the Filioque , the mist fringes linked to the Solidamosc Romano for reasons of duty or faith keystone of Western civilization. union, Father Levi fanned the ftames know that its cultural pages are more The ousting of Father Levi, who by maintaining that the agreement be­ decadent than those of the ultimate recently spread rumors he was about tween the Polish Church and govern­ "liberal-socialist" newspaper in Italy, to be named editor-in-chief of L'Os­ ment would sacrificeWal esa. La Repubblica. Articles that comment servatore Romano, may open the clas­ Cui bono-who benefits? Certain­ favorably on Freud's ideas alternate sic Pandora's box of the Pope's ene­ ly not the very difficult operationCar­ with essays on the degenerate John mies in the Vatican and outside. Fath­ dinal Glemp was already working on Ruskin and the 19th century Pre-Ra­ er Levi never hid his close links with before the Pope's second visit to Po­ phaelite School he founded, which neo-Malthusian organizations such as land. Certainly not those Polish gov­ proposed to destroy the scientific and the Trilateral Commission, the Rock­ ernment spokesmen who recently re­ humanistic values introduced into art efeller Foundation, and the Club of quested, and implemented, an eight­ by Raphael and Leonardo da Vinci. Rome, nor his personal friendship with year debt moratorium, incurring the And through all emerges raving Henry Kissinger, notoriously impli­ wrath of the Swiss bankers allied to neo-Hegelianism as the overall world­ cated in the assassination of Christian the new Czar of the Kremlin, Yuri view of the paper, mixed with a hearty Democratic Party leader Aldo Moro. Andropov. dose of appreciation for Dostoievsky, But perhaps less known to the gen­ The cooperation between Levi and Tolstoy, and their heavy Russian eral public is the "j ournalistic" collab­ Stella Rossa opens another query. The peasantfundamental ism. oration Levi maintained with Acciaio, group's magazine's big financial an­ If we pass on to the news, political the magazine of the unsavory extra­ gel is Libyan dictator Muammar Qad­ information, and current events, the parliamentary grouplet Stella Rossa dafi, who is also totally involved in situation hardly improves. Imitating ("Red Star"). It is well known that the "Bulgarian Connection" and the the lying editorial policy of the Sovi­ Stella Rossa has long been foddered current Libyan oil scandal, in which ets, L'Osserv.atore Romano was the by the leader of the Socialist 'Party­ many top figures in the Italian secret only Western paper that never quoted linked UIL labor confederation, Gior­ services and Church face charges. One a single word from the speech gi ven gio Benvenuto, and by that union's of the three areas being scrutinized by by President Reagan last March international office, headed for years magistrates in this latest scandal is announcing the new strategic doctrine23, by Luigi Scricciolo, now jailed as a Como, where the oil, weapons', and of defensive beam weapons. Red Brigades terrorist. money to recycledwere exchanged. So, in our view , the head of Vir­ This begs the question: Why did It wasbe from Como that Father Levi gilio Levi should not be the only one Father Levi write for Acciaio? Could was catapulted to Rome.

EIR July 26, 1983 International 49 by Marco Italys 'Waron Crime Fanini

The separatist plot has met Qaddafi more than once,..and The election to Parliament of 'ethnic' parties that refuseto sp eak Rudolf Bahro, the head of the Green movement in West Germany and sus­ the Italian language heralds a coup . pected agent of theSta si, the East Ger­ man secret police. The newly elected members of the Veneto League and the Sardinian Ac­ tion Party have announced that in par­ liament they will speak only their re­ he chainnan of the Russell Tri­ the lion of St. Mark's. It gathered spectivedialects , since the Italian lan­ bunalT , Yugoslav historian Vladimir 100,000 votes, enough to elect one guage is "oppressive." Dedijer, wrote a letterJuly 6 to Italian deputy and one senator; in past elec­ It is also expected that Toni Negri, President Sandro Pertini lamenting the tions it had never received more than the head of Italian terrorism, will be "persecution of the Slovene minority 10,000 votes. The leap was due to the seated. Accused of grave crimes in a inTrieste and other Italian cities," and full support of the Freemasonic-con­ dozen cases, he will enjoy impunity asking if he could hold a world con­ trolledmedia and possibly some help­ thanks to an unconstitutional interpre­ ference"on all the world cases of gen­ fulshifting of votes. tation of parliamentary immunity. In ocide, organized or spontaneous, such A deputy of the Sardinian Action fact, the constitution provides that the as thatof the Irish in Great Britain, the Partywas elected; and separatist lead­ parliamentaryrules committee can au­ Bretons, the Corsicans, and the Bas­ er Bainzu Piliu, in jail for subversive thorize the magistracy to arrest depu­ ques." Such a conference, to be held activity against the state, was nearly ties and senators when it is just and in Italy, would be an "homage to the elected on the ballot of the grouplet appropriate . However, the foolish commitment of Lelio Basso and his "Proletarian Democracy" (DP). The slaves of the P-2 lodge have already League for the Rights of Peoples. " DP is notoriously financedby Bulgar­ let it be known that authorization for Reality is a bit different. The Ber­ ian intelligence. Sardinian judge Mar­ Negri's arrest will not be given be­ trand Russell Peace Tribunal wants to io Marchetti proved that Piliu and his cause it is "not customary ." In this foment autonomism and separatism by group had made contact with Libyan way, theperfidious scheme of Social­ presumed "minorities" in Italy to tear intelligence operatives who promised ist Baron Giacomo Mancini to ensure apartthe Italian state and pave the way them weapons, explosives, and mon­ the freedom of his proteges-terror­ for a coup d'etat. It is not an accident ey. The mediation between Qaddafi ists Negri, Francesco Piperno, and thatthe so-called oppressed minorities and the Sardinianseparatists was car­ Oreste Scalzone, all charged in the have succeeded for the first time in ried out by the leader of Sicilian sep­ masterminding of the kidnap-murder electing their own representatives to aratism, Michele Papa, also knownfor of Aldo MOTO--will completely suc­ the Italian parliament. The "minori­ his involvement in the Billygate ceed: Negri in parliament; Pipernoin ties" in question are the peopleof the scandal. Canada protected by authorities who Veneto region, who claim total auton­ In Sardinia the Sardinian Armed refuse to extradite him; and Scal­ omy from Italy-<:onsistent with the Movement (MAS), which includes zone-who fled from prison with the imperial and commercial splendor of Red Brigades terrorists and bandits, aid of campaigns by Socialist journal­ old Venice-and the Sardinians, also operates. The MAS recently killed ist Giorgio Boc

50 International EIR July 26, 1983 •

JosefinaMenendez DatelineMexico by

. The PAN's inroads in Chihuahua tank-cars to distribute water in poor Once again an American consul is caught conspiring with the sectors lacking a water system. The PAN candidate in the city of Chihu­ in the party'sseparatist thrust in the North of the country . PAN ahua, Luis Alvarez, bid for the vote of women enraged over price-hikes by campaigning in open-air markets and offering to pay fortheir purch ases. The National Civic Women's Association, a PAN "pots and pans" front, played a he National Action Party (PAN) plagued this country in past centu­ key role here. wonT its largest victory ever in local ries--PAN leaders, the U.S. consu­ In the wake of the Chihuahua po­ elections in the northernstates of Chi­ late, and oligarchical groups passing litical shockwave, a growing number huahua and Durango July 3. The PAN as "businesmen," were the main force inthe PRI rethinkingeven the short­ got the mayoralties of nine cities in behind the PAN victory in Chihuahua. term viabilityare of the International Chihuahua including the capital, Chi­ This grouping of forces closely Monetary Fund economic program huahua city, and Ciudad Juarez onthe follows the "Sonora model." As the which is devastating the country. As U.S. border, as well as 9 of the 21 reader may remember, there was a thePRI candidate for mayor of Ciudad seats in the state assembly. It also won widely reported meeting of U. S. con­ Jutez put it, "the economic situation Durangocity, capital of thesame state. sular and embassy officials in Her­ defeated us." Political circles here hav.e reacted mosillo, Sonora with PAN and Church This recognition has already un­ in shock. The elections a major leaders in late April. leashed a debate in the PRI with the strategic victory for the PANare 's long­ Tinsley and BarriosTerrazas have press rumoring that some heads may cherished plan to overthrow the one­ managed to gain similar notoriety. soon roll. Labor boss Fidel Velaz­ party "Mexican System" of govern­ During an interview July 7 with the quez, the key anti-IMF figure in the ment which stems from the 1910 Rev­ daily EI Nacional, Barrios Terrazas PRI, told the press July 12 that what olution and has guided this country's had a nervous collapse. The Panista the party needs is more a change of politicalstability and economic devel­ was then reportedly rushed for medi­ policy orientation than a change of opment for 60 years. More immedi­ cal treatment to the American side of men-a clear hint at the need for mo­ ately, the elections a dangerous theborder by none other than Tinsley. bilizing the PRI in an anti-IMF gain for the PAN 's areseparatist cam­ The consul subsequently became the campaign. paign for the northern states of Baja only source of information on the state Although the PRI candidate in CaliforniaNorte , Sonora, Chihuahua, of the candidate's health and Ciudad Juarez has not conceded de­ and Nuevo Leon. whereabouts. feat yet, PAN candidate Barrios Ter­ As in Sonora earlier this year, a PRI senator for Chihuahua Jose razas has already announced that one U.S. consul was caught in flagrante Refugio Mar denounced Tinsley, Ciu­ of his firstgovernment actions will be delicto aiding the PAN 's separatist dad Juarez Bishop Manuel Talamas, to bring in retired military to run a ambitions. According to Excelsior andChihuahua Archbishop Adalberto revamped local security apparatus. His columnist Manuel Buendia July 1, the Almeida July 8 for their "blatant inter­ . statement has raised the highly­ U.S. consul in Ciudad Juarez, Wil­ vention" in the elections. The Mexi­ charged issue of potential PAN collu­ liam Tinsley, aided the PAN's may­ can constitution of 1917 firmly pro- sion in efforts to bring a Pinochetista oral candidate, Javier Barrios Terra­ hibits involvement of the Church in element of the military to power. zas, with financial resources, and var­ politicalaffai rs. Meanwhile, the U.S. publicity ious American-style electoral para­ A most prominent feature of this company which ran the Chihuahua phernalia never seen before in Mexi- . campaign which has the national press campaign for the PAN has already can elections. puzzled is the enormous amounts of moved to Baja California Norte, According to PRI spokesmen, a money spent by the PAN . When the where, according to PAN president, combination of local Catholic Church PRI-controlled union of water distrib­ Abel Vicencio Tovar, the PAN has a representatives-loyal to the Inquisi­ utors went on strike in Ciudad Juarez, good chance of winning its first gov­ torial tendency of the Church which the PAN managed to contract private ernorship in September elections.

EIR July 26, 1983 International 51 International Intelligence

The document reiterates earlier state­ Western security. Syrian 'back channel'for ments that .a return to constitutional rule is The "EuropeanNetwork" is a recentex­ required to insure social peace, and rejects ample decades-long pattern, typified by the Schultz to Moscow? the "coup spirit" that threatens to prevent systematic recruitmentof scientists working national elections planned for October of at CERN into the KGB-controlled "Pug- . Afterweeks of a strident public line towards this year. wash Movement" for a supposed East-West the United States, the Damascus regime of The Church declaration adds that in Ar­ dialogue among scientists. Former CERN Hafez al Assad changed its tune in an unu- gentina "there has been an assault on human General Directors Prof. Eduardo Amaldi and . sually mild Radio Damascus conurientary labor, placing the individual in a situation Prof . Victor Weisskopf have both been June 9. The broadcast affirmedSyria's read- . of having no access to employment or to a deeply involved in the Pugwash conferences iness to "cooperate with th« United States just salary. The notable deterioration of in­ Ill> well as the numerous Pugwash "satel­ and with anyone else who seeks peace."Cit­ dustrial employment, and the existence of lites. " These have been the main channel of ing Washington sources, the Boston Globe underemployment in worrisome propor- Soviet influence for shaping American de­ says Assad is preparing to send a delegation . tions, definea reality that should be urgently fe nse policy . from the Syrian Foreign Ministry to Wash­ responded to." A furtherCERN-linked operationof im­ ington to continue talks on the Lebanon In a related development, Monsignor mediate concern is the Trieste Center for crisis. Mario Revollo Bravo, President of the Co- . Theoretical Physics, led by Club of Rome The new Syrian stance is being attribut­ lombian Council of Bishops declared that member Prof. Abdus Salam. The original ed to Assistant Secretary of State Veliotis, "the sects are working among the indige­ Scientific Council of the Trieste Center in­ who remained in Damascus to establish a nous populations with the purpose of creat­ cluded former CERN directorVictor Weiss­ U.S.-Syria committee after George Shultz ing terrorists." He pointed out that the Co­ kopf, Pugwash leader B.T. Feld, Leopold I left. It follows by less than ten days a re­ lombian mass media is controlled by the Infeld, Soviet scie�tists A. Mittveev and V. ported secret visit to Damascus by Shultz's most powerful financial groups, which Soloviev, and Robert Oppenheimer. a primary controller, Henry Kissinger. Kis­ caused an uproar among the large newsp ­ _ Against.the background of this and re­ singer is known to be one of the few Amer-· in Colombia. lated information, governments ' Secu� ican diplomats to "have a way" with the pers rity agencies would be well adv�and to re­ intransigent Assad. gard CERN as in effect a high-level KGB By talking to the United States (i.e. CERN: Geneva Center fo r "asset," and to take appropriate actions. Shultz and Kissinger) , Assad is expected to scientific espionage It would be extremely usefulto investi­ add pressure on the White House for the gate KGB contamination via CERN of other United States and the Soviets to begin talks scientificinstitutions, including the possible EIR's Weisbaden bureau char&ed in a mid­ on global crisis management. Since prior to case of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, July news releasethat the Geneva-based high Shultz's negotiation of the Israel-Lebanon of which Abdul SalaIJl is a member . The energy physics laboratory CERN is present­ accord, it has been known that the Secretary 1982 declaration of the Pontifical Academy . ly functioning as a major center .for So�iet of State hoped to use the Middle East crisis in favor of the "nuclear freeze" movement , KGB operations into Western Europe, in in order to get a meeting with Gromyko. (which did not obtain Papal approval) should order to 1) to conduct high-level scientific This would explain Syria's recent display of be investigated in this light, with particular espionage and sabotage, in particular against moderation. emphasis on the roles of CERN scientist Dr. the development of anti-missile "beam Zichichi and the Paris geneticist Prof. Jer­ weapons" by the United States and its Eu­ ome Lejeune. Argentine Church defe nds ropean allies; 2) to manipulate peace move­ ment activities in Western Europe to create dignity of human labor conditions of virtual civil war; 3) to deploy hard terroristcapabilitie s, recruited from the Czar of Russia bles$es "Unemployment, accentuated poverty, peace movement milIieu, against military the Magi of Persia usury, low salaries, and unwanted emigra­ and other targets. tion have mortgaged a once-prosperous na­ Among the' KGB-run operations based On the occasion of the conclusion of the tion which knew how to shelter millions of at CERN is the "European N�twork of Sci- Islamic holiday of Ramadan in early July, immigrants and offer them food and work." entists for Nuclear Disarmament," whose Soviet potentate Yuri Andropov se t a flow- So the bishops of Argentina described the purpose is to channel sensitive scientificand ery telegram of praise to Iran's Ayatollahn J)i.igbl.ci.Jheir...nation. in-a--66eU - ""teChmcal mformahoni iifollieS

52 International EIR July 26, 1983 Briefly--

of a major escalation in its human meatgrin­ criminal in Bolivia, gave a press conference der war with Iraq . A combined force of July 3 in which he asked for a meeting with 400,000 Iranian army and revolutionary the president of Bolivia, Hernan Siles Zu­ guard soldiers has reportedly launched an azo. Suarez said that could resolve the Bo­ GIANNI AGNELLI met a few all-points offensive westward against Iraq; livian economic crisis with his personal for­ •days after the June 26-27 Italian elec­ it is said that the next phase will include tune, calculated to be at least $400 million. tion with Christian Democracy (DC) Iranian long-range rocket and missile at­ Suarez also threatened the Bolivian govern­ head Ciriaco De Mita and Socialist tacks against Iraqi urban concentrations. ment, stating that among his stockpile of (PSI) boss Bettino Craxi. Despite the Switzerland is serving as the key trans­ war materials, he had a "fleet" of planes with fact that the DC took heavy losses at shipment pointof necessary materials from the capacity to fire missiles. the polls, and the PSI's gains were Libya into Iran. Iran's missile capabilities At the same time, in Colombia, one of unimpressive, Agnelli proposed that arebeing built up with the advice of a Span­ the world's leading drug traffickers not only Craxi sit in the prime minister's seat, admirer of Adolf Hitler, Jose Torres, acknowledgedthat he was a drug trafficker, with Guido Carli (De Mita's candi­ whoish told the Spanish daily El Pais that thanks on a radio show, but stated that he intended date) and Bruno Visentini heading up to his work, the war with Iraq will be decid­ to use the money that he earned in his illicit a government of technocrats to over­ ed by December of this year. activites to buy himself a position in the see "rigor and austerity. " economically strapped government. Carlos Lehder admitted to all the charges against SHLOMO ARGOV, Israel's fo recasts 'Gnostic' him, including having bought an island in FAZ former• ambassador to London, the the Caribbean which he used as an interna­ shooting of whom gave Israeli De­ takeoverof Middle East tional drug haven. fense Minister Ariel Sharon the pre­ The point of this, as played up by the An extraordinary feature in the July 6 text for last year's invasion of Leba­ press outlets controlled by former Colom­ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (F non, has made his first public state­ bian president Jaime L6pez Michelsen, is to written from Limassol, Cyprus, forecastsAZ) ment the attempt on his life: "Those insist-as the IMF does more indirectly­ thatthe Middle East is soon to be the scene who talked of war and those who led that Colombia's economic woes would be of major "explosions" throughout the Arab us to it should have thought more than solved by the I(arnings of drug traffic. In world, out of which a "unity of the Arab twice about the price, especially in both Colombia and Bolivia, these drug traf­ nation and the Islamic community will human lives," Argov told the Israeli fickers are being portrayed as folk heroes, emerge." The paper cites several sources to daily Ha ' aretz . "Did those who fore­ above the law, and capable of solving their this effect, and declares that "behind such cast this war also forecast the degree countries problems. thoughts lies a good proportion of Gnos­ of adventurism in it? . . . The war tics," who believe that "the world is evil, it in Lebanon was an unsuccessful war, must be destroyed,out of which a new, good and not only because the price paid. , world can emerge." JournalistThomas Ross Swiss fo recast As for the Israeli nation, it has come claims that "the gnostic viewpoint is popular out of this war weaker than it was in intellectual milieux" throughout the Al'ab Lebanon partition when it started." Argov is still hos­ world. pitalized in Jerusalem because of the The article's basic "factual" contention On Tuesday, Israeli Defense Minister Moshe severity of his wounds . is that the drop in oil prices means "the end Arensvis ited south Lebanon and Syrian De­ fense Minister Tlas visited the north. The of the Arab Century," out of which "fact" SENDERO Lumonoso staged Swiss newspaper, Neue Zurcher Zeitung, irrationalist revolts will explode against ex­ an• armed attack July 11 in (NZZ) , reported these visits as "symptomat­ isting regimes. This, Ross concludes, pre­ broad daylight against the national ic for the de facto partition" of Lebanon, sents real threats to Israel and to security in headquarters of Peru's governing writingthat the Syrians would remain in the the region. party, Accion Popular. One person North, the Israelis in the South, and in the Quoted to back up Ross's case is Carter was killed and thirty more were East, the two sides would "face each other, administration National Security Council wounded by the terrorist group. More eye to eye ...." Middle East adviser William Quandt, who than 100 of the party's leaders were expeditedthe Khomeini takeover of Iran . The NZZexplained that the Syrians will present for a scheduled meeting at the have "problems" with the Palestinians and time of the attack. the Israelis will face opposition from the Dope barons challenge Muslim and left-wing Lebanese and pro­ EIR WELTWIRTSCHAFT, the Syrian Palestinians. These groups will ben­ Germa• n-language sister to this pub­ Ibero-American gov'ts efit from the "complicity" of the Lebanese lication, made its debut as a monthly secret services, "who are interested in mak­ on July 15. Roberto Suarez G6mez, nicknamed the ing the Israeli occupation as costly as "King of Cocaine," who is the most wanted possible."

EIR July 26, 1983 International 53 ITillNational

'Debategate': a threat to U. S. national security by Richard Cohen

The Executive Intelligence Review is now in possession of ment the government." evidence that the Soviet intelligence service, the KGB , under Leach was part of a 20-person U.S. congressional dele­ the direction of Soviet President Yuri Andropov and Geidar gation that met with their Moscow counterparts, including Aliyev, his fortner chief deputy at the KGB and now Polit­ top Soviet personnel masquerading under their "parliamen­ buro member, is playing a central role in the sudden wave of tary" hats-Arbatov, Marshal Akromeyev, Zamyatin, and political scandals rocking the Reagan White House. Velikhov. Ten of the 20 Americans are co-sponsors of the EIR has also learned that actively allied with Andropov Moakley resolution, whic� proposes to ban testing of weap­ in manipulating the destabilization of the Reagan presidency ons in space-precisely the sabotage of President Reagan's are prominent families such as the Schlumbergers of Hous­ new defensive doctrine which the Soviets have demanded ton, the Paris-based Rothschilds, and other key elements of repeatedly since last March 23. the Swiss-centered Nazi International, including important Sources involved in the initial planning meetings which portions of the illegal "Propaganda-2" Freemasonic lodge of concocted the "Debategate" scandal have confessed that short Italy. of forcing President Reagan to reconsider his plans to run for Two powerful Democrats with long-standing ties to both a second term, the principal goal of their operation will be to the Soviets and the Swiss-former New York GovernorAv­ topple a crucial network of intelligence and military officers erell Harriman and Democratic Party funder Armand Ham­ inside and outside the administration, a network which has mer-are playing pivotal roles in these operations. functioned in close coordination with Reagan intimate Na­ According to an aide to Congressman Jim Leach (R­ tional Security Adviser William Clark. Through this net­ Iowa) , who along with 19 other U.S. Congressmen has re­ work, Clark has been able to secure reliable intelligence turned from a "roundtable discussion" in Moscow with the information and estimates, bypassing compromised State head of Moscow's U.S.A.-Canada Institute Georgii Arba­ Department and FBI-centered sources. tov, Leach believes that the Soviets are "itching for a frag­ With the summer and fall spiraling into international cri­ mentation of the Reagan administration" via the Debategate sis triggered by the collapse of world debt payments and the scandal. On July 14 the Leach aide quoted the Congressman's Euromissiles, Moscow and its Swiss allies would win a major answer given during a recent staff meeting to a question on advantage by blinding the President and his national security the Soviet leadership's view of Debategate: "The Soviets are adviser by destruction of this network. hoping to bring down any administration, especially one like In short, Andropov, his Swiss collaborators, and their the present one . They are hoping that 'Debategate' will confederates in the nation's capital intend to either 1) force mushroom into a Watergate-type scandal which would frag - the collapse of the President's new strategic doctrine and the

54 National ElK July 26, 1983 President's facility for independent action through a foreign­ It was Baker who, coming to the Reagan campaign from policyhumiliat ion, making Reagan a "lame duck" before his his position as director of the George Bush for President expected Labor Day re-election campaign announcement; or campaign, oversaw the debate preparation process, and it 2) compel presidential reliance on the Shultz-Kissinger con­ was later Baker who consistently sided against the national trolled State Department and the Swiss-linked FBI headed by security recommendations of Clark and Defense Secretary Carterappointee William Webster, after the trusted "watch­ Caspar Weinberger, allying with the Kissinger-Shultz faction dog" group is neutralized. in the administration. The principal political instrument through which the KGB Then came the June 10 conspiracy. At the time of the has mounted this assault is the network of Democratic Na­ Powell op-ed, Manatt, joined by Powell and former Carter tional Committee (DNC) chairman Charles Manatt, the FBI, Chief of Staff Hamilton Jordan, went to the Department of and intimates of defeated President Jimmy Carter. Justice to demand that the FBI initiate a full-scale investiga­ tion of the President and of CIA Director William Casey. The June conspiracy FBI Director Webster, a member of the secretive Masonic From the 10inception of the Carter administration, the KGB Bohemian Grove Mandalay Lodge-along with Shultz, Kis­ and certain Swiss agents mounted a multi-faceted four-year singer and Manatt-immediately complied. It is noteworthy effort to penetrate and control the Carter trust, using money, that a report of the investigation surfaced in a Soviet televi­ deception, and finally the Iran hostage crisis. It is this secret sion broadcast one day prior to the FBI's formal announce­ relationship between the Carter trust, the KGB , and the Swiss ment of the fact. which lies behind the 1980 scandal known as "Billygate." On June 10, five days after Yuri Andropov's audience The 'old boys' network with Averell Harriman and his wife Pamela in Moscow, a Within a month after Reagan's March 23 pronounce­ secret meeting took place in the offices of Robert Strauss, ment, Webster went to National Security Adviser Clark to former DNC chairman and Carter administration Special demand an investigation of what Webster termed an "old Trade Representative. Democratic Party sources have con­ boys" network of military and intelligence officials who he firmed thatthe Harrimans, especially Pamela, are on intimate claimed were "sabotaging" the FBI's ability to operate. It terms with Strauss and reportedly are in almost daily tele­ was known at the time that precisely this apparatus had played phone contact with him. In addition to Strauss, those present a leading role in convincing the President to adopt the new at the meeting included key insiders from the Carter admin­ strategic doctrine. Clark refused to comply with Webster's istration: press secretary Jody Powell, public relations man demand. Gerald Rafshoon, pollsterPat Caddell, domestic adviser Stuart The Bureau proceeded to use its press connections to Eizenstat, and his chief assistant David Rubenstein. weaken this apparatus. Less than a week after the initial FBI According to these sources, the June 10 Strauss conclave demand to Clark, the Washington Post in a full-page article marked the initiation of the scandal now known as "Debate­ exposed the existence of an intelligence unit known as the gate." These sources also report that the participants at the Intelligence Support Activities group (ISA). The author of meeting agreed to a detailed plan of actions aimed at paralyz­ the article was Jay Peterzell of the Center for National Secu­ ing the White House through a string of further corruption rity Studies, an offshoot of the Warburg-founded radical scandals. leftist Institute for Policy Studies. According to Peterzell, the Forty-eight hours after the Strauss office meeting of the ISA was an "old boys" unit set up during Carter's term with­ Carter trust, Jody Powell wrote an op-ed in the June 12 out the knowledge of then-CIA Director Stansfield Turner, Washington Post. There Powell firstraised publicly the ques­ to run support operations for U.S. intelligence in Iran. Peter­ tion of Reagan campaign violations of the Ethics in Govern­ zell said the ISA unit continued to function under Reagan. ment Act and other criminalcod es, for the alleged use of the This FI�I-targeted apparatus has become the immediate Carter briefing book prepared in preparation for the 1980 focus of the Debategate investigation, as discussions made campaign debate . available to this reporter with persons close to Powell and Possession of the Carter briefing book by the Reagan Caddell, have confirmed. campaign committee was conveniently placed on the public Asked where this operation is headed, one Democratic record by now-Office of Management and Budget Director Party source stated, "Well-people who are aware say that David Stockman in a speech to a Michigan Optimists Club there is a lot more coming, and it relates to the Casey 1980 just before the Carter-Reagandebate . Stockman has conven­ pre-election intelligence operation." Another source com­ ientlyrepeated the story to Time magazine reporter Lawrence mented, "Their [the ReagaQ campaign] paranoia about the Barrett, who later printed it in his book Gambling With His­ 'October Surprise' led to the creation of an intelligence unit tory . Stockman, who almost lost his White House job in 1981 which then went beyond that and sucked in everything. There following mammoth indiscretions published in the Atlantic is definitely meat in this partof the thing." Monthly , was godfathered to safety at that time by his mentor, The "meat" became public in a July 7 New York Times White House Chief of Staff James Baker Ill. article by former Carter State Department officialLeslie Gelb

EIR July 26, 1983 National 55 in which Reagan administration officialsare targeted for hav­ The 1979 investigations arose out of a fall 1978 column by ing put together an intelligence-gathering network during the investigative journalist JackAnderson exposing an influence­ 1980 campaign under the direction of current CIA Director peddling scheme on behalf of Libya involving the President's William Casey. Gelb targets one Stefan Halper, the son-in­ brother Billy. When the Office of Professional Responsibil­ law of former CIA Deputy Director Ray Cline. According to ity's investigation was completed in 1981, it concluded in its the article, Halper, who worked directly under Adm. Bob final report that no government official had in fact violated Garrick, ran this operation for the campaign. Garrick, in any laws during the Billygate probe-thereby clearing, among published interviews, has openly acknowledged running such others, President Carter, Attorney General Benjamin Civi­ a network, utilizing friends and acquaintances in the military letti, and Carter National Security Adviser Zbigniew and intelligence communities. Brzezinski. Sources present at the June 10 Carter trust meeting report Under the weight of this coverup are probably hidden the that public attack will soon be aimed at individuals in the most extreme breaches of American national security in re­ national security apparatus, some of whom have maintained cent memory. The depth of the Carter administration sell-out their positions since the Carter administration and supposedly to a four-year KGB-Swiss penetration operation occurred in leaked damaging information about Carter activities to the mid- 1980 when, in a last-ditch effort by the Carter adminis- Casey group during the campaign. A related scandal-the . trationto pull the President's campaign out of the fire, a deal attempt in a book by former Washington Post reporter Betty was struck with Iran's Ayatollah Khomeini to free the U.S. Metzger to smear William Clark with charges of unsavory hostages just before the 1980 elections. At the time, this activities when he served as a Reagan appointee on the Cali­ journalexposed the fact that the so-called Billygate scandal, forniaSupreme Court-coincideswith the Debategate attacks. which only superficially involved influence-peddling by the In a July 11 column, New York Post Washington corre­ President's brother on behalf of Libya, was that the Carter spondent Niles Latham asserted that Jimmy Carter has been administration had struck such a deal with both Libya and playing a direct role in the entire affair. Latham quotes an . Iran. That this was the case was fully known to the Reagan unnamed former Carter White House aide stating that "Carter campaign team at the time. is getting full briefingsfrom his troops in Washington and is A key aspect of the deal was that the Carter administration actively encouraging them to pursue the Debategate issue." agreed to look the other way in order to allow the Iranian The Carter trust got a major boost in early July from KGB secret service, the Savama, to conduct criminal operations asset Jim Baker, who publicly fingered CIA chief Casey as against leading anti-Khomeini leaders in the United States. his source for the allegedly purloined briefing book. An in­ This led to the July 26, 1980, assassination of one such censed Casey went to the pages of the New York Times to leader, Ali Akbar Tabatabai, the head of the Washington, exonerate himself, while leaving no doubt about his feelings D.C. , based Iran Freedom Foundation. Attempts by this jour­ toward Baker. Casey accurately pointed out that anyone with nal and local police organizations to secure FBI surveillance any experience in political campaigns would have immedi­ of Washington Savama chief Bahram Nahidian in expecta- . ately identifiedthe Reagan committee's possession of Carter tion of an attempt on Tabatabai's li� were ruled out by materials as a "set-up." It is also well known that Baker has Webster's FBI and Civiletti' s Justice Department prior to the long desired Casey's position at · CIA, and this intramural assassination, and the assassin somehow managed to escape squabbling exacerbated what Washington intelligence sources the country, presumably to Iran. describe as a situation in which the White House is bogged Indeed, the Carter administration maintained grotesque down and paralyzed. Then, on July 7, a foolish President­ back channels to Khomeini throughout the course of the reportedlybacked by Casey-went to his top staffand urged hostage crisis. But the sordid details of Carter's secret nego­ them to tell everything to the FBI under the coordination of tiations with Iran aimed at securing an "October Surprise" White House Counselor Edwin Meese. hostage release were but the tail end of a story scripted by KGB head Andropov which began at the very beginning of "Billygate" in the background the Carter administration . Intelligence sources also report that the President has During the Carter transition period, Robert Vesco, a fu­ decided against using his best offensive weapon-the Billy­ gitive agent of Swiss-centered Rothschild and Schlumberger gate scandal. interests, contacted two Atlanta intimates of the President­ The "Billygate affair," as it became publicly identified, elect, Charles Kirbo and Hamilton Jordan, in an attempt to involved an investigation by the Justice Department's Office bribe the Carter administration to withdraw extradition pro­ of Professional Responsibility of possible violations of law ceedings against him. Vesco would later become instrumen­ by U.S. government officials during a 1979 Justice investi­ tal in bribing Strauss understudy and then-DNC chairman gation of Billy Carter's relationship to Soviet asset and ter­ John White to help secure licenses for C-130 transport plane rorist Muammar Qaddafi 's Libya under the Foreign Agents shipments to Libya. Registration Act. In addition to the executive branch inves­ Beyond the Swiss-connected Vesco, the Carter adminis­ tigation, Senate committees conducted at least six separate tration had another prompt Swiss-connected visitor, Licio infestigations into issues connected with the Billygate affair. Gelli, who attended Carter's inauguration. Licio Gelli was

56 National EIR July 26, 1983 then head of the super-secret Propaganda-2 (P-2) Masonic Charge d' AffairesAli Houdari in order to the fullhelp lodgeof Italy (which later saw its chief banker RobertoCalvi of ,the Libyan government. (The coverupsecure of Bi lly's illegal hanged from London's Blackf1'iar's Bridge). These early en­ activities as an agent of Libya implicated, among' others, treesbore fruit in �arch 1978 when P-2-connected Sicilian AttorneyGeneral Civiletti and FBI Director Webster.) lawyer Michele Papa, a reputed leader of the Sicilian sepa­ All those present at the June 10 meeting planning ratist movement and founder of the Sicilian-Libyan Friend­ 'orchestration of "Debategate" were intimate parties to the ship Society, contacted Atlanta mafia figure Mario Lianza "Billygate" process of compromising U.S. national security for the purpose of setting up contact with the President's to the KGB and the Swiss! brother Billy. Papa was operating on behalf of joint Swiss­ KGB asset Mu Qaddafi. Charles Manatt's role ammar It is very signific:mt that Charles Manatt's profile shows Billy goes Libya, and vice versa him to be also compromised by the KGB . He representsthe In Septemberto 1978, Billy Carter was invited to Libya by wing of the Democratic Party that opened, the doors to the Ahmed Shehati, the director of Libya's Foreign Liaison Of­ "New Left," placing the Californiastate party in the hands of fice. Later, in January 1979, Billy invited Shehati and a host Jerry Brown, Jane Fonda, and Tom Hayden. Manatt and his of other Libyan officials to tour Georgia. Beyond what later leftist minions rose to power in the California branch of the became public in terms of large-scale loans given to the party, and then nationally, in large partthrough the generous Carter trust by Libya, the secret financial bon for the subsidies of Armand H er, who, as already noted, is the Carterfamily lie in thedetour that the Libyan delegation,anzas took tOp liaison for back-channelamm relations, as well as trade and during January 1979 to Jacksonville, Florida. There, the ' cultural relations, between the Soviet Union and West, Libyans met with Raymond Mason, the chief operating offi­ and is the financialgodfather of Soviet stoogeQaddafi the. Ham­ cer of Charter Oil Company. Mason had already been in mer has had a "warm, personal relationship" to every Soviet contact with the Carters and Vesco on a major deal, which leader since Lenin and Hammer's father set up the Commu­ would drastically increase the influence of the Libyan gov­ nist Party U. S .A. But perhapseven morerevealing is a close e nt and tho�e behind the Libyan governmentin theCart­ look at Manatt' s business partners in his Californialaw firm. errnme administration. One is former Senator John Tunney. During the 1980 During the course of 1979, the deal was struck. With the Olympics in Moscow, Tunney, who had set up a called compliance of the Libyan government and the National Ira­ Image Factory Sports, Inc., launched a joint venturefirm with nian Oil Company, Charter Oil won rights to the giant Ba­ KGB official Dzhermen Gvishiani to marketOlympic coins hama refinery previously Qwned by Carey Oil and Socal. In and other nostalgia merchandise internationally. Gvishiani is effect, the deal was underwritten by the Libyan and Iranian, the son of a KGB general, the son-in-law of the late Soviet , gov ents in conjunction with the First National Bank of Premier Kosygin, and Soviet representative on the board of Florida,ernm the primaryfunder of Charter Oil. the anti-growth Club of Rome. With McGeorge Bundy, Gvi­ Sitting on theboard of First National of Florida was none shiani co-created the Vienna-based InternationalInstitute for other than Democratic Party funder Armand Hammer (out­ Applied Systems Analysis. Last year, after the British press side of Occidental Petroleum, this is the only board of direc­ exposed the fact that the KGB was using this institution to on which H sits). As importantly, Hammer, whose tap into Western computer banks, the British government torsfamil y has beenammer a wholly-owned subsidiary of Soviet foreign withdrew its financial contributions. U.S. government intelligence operations from the inception of the Soviet Union has likewise cut off funding from thisThe KGB front. When he in 1917, gets. most of his Occidental Petroleum oil from started his joint enterprise with Tunney, Gvishiani was (and Libya. The Carters' Qaddafi connection was signed, sealed still is) the deputy chief of the Soviet State Committee on and delivered by H er and those behind the Libyan re­ Science and Technology, the organization run by the KGB gime-the Swiss andamm the KGB . for the purpose of collecting techitologicalinformation from Carter's National Security Adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski the West. Gvishiani is alsoa close friendof Armand was enticed by the illusory promise of destabilizations and In short, Manatt's law firm was trafficking Hammer.with a top uprisings in Musli'm sections of the Soviet Union to play the Soviet spymaster. "Islamic card. " Ironically, the Islamic cardwas dealt to Brze­ The middleman for the deal between Tunney and Gvishi­ zinski by none other than Gaidar Aliyev, Andropov's deputy ani was one David Karr intimate of both Califotnia Sen. in charge of Islamic operations. With the Libya connections Alan Cranston and the (anKennedy family). Accused by the made, Brzezinski was encouraged to pursue the even-more­ Israeli intelligence services of being a gun-smuggler to Idi destabilizingKhomeini connection. Amin, Qaddafi, and the PLO, KarT served in the 1940s in the Thus, in November 1979, Billy Carter was called to a Office of War Information, despite the fact that he began his special briefing by Brzezinski on Libya and Iran. It was clear career as a writer for the Communist Party U;S.A..'sDaily' that Carter and his friends were prepared to play hostage Worker. This recognized asset ended his career when deal game, and that was Billy's mission. Then, in theJune 1980, he died from what his wifKGBe cal led "unnatural causes" just PresidentCarter met privatelyfor several hours with Libyan after returning to Paris from Moscow.

EIR July 26, 1983 National 57 An encounter with evil, or: why the Jesuits are reponsible fo r the murder of your grandmother by NancySpannaus

If someone out to "save money" in a hospital pulls the plug The firstpart of our discussion focused on the Concilium on your grandmotheror infant child, there is only one place meeting, and its relationship to the world strategic lineup that to put the blame. Blame the Jesuits. now sees the rulers of the Soviet Union, expecting to become It has long been known to me that the Jesuit order has the finalcenter of world empire (the "Third Rome" of uncon­ beenthe driving force behind the so-called right-to-die move­ secrated cult prophecy), working hand in glove with the ment, from Karen Ann Quinlan to refusing treatment for Jesuit order, the nuclear freeze movement, and the Swiss to Baby Doe. The very heart of the movement is at Jesuit-run try to destroy the United States and the President's beam Georgetown University, where the pseudo-discipline of weapon program. Father McCormick was most unresponsive bioethics was created as a justification for murder. And the to such questions. He had not even heard anything about two leading propagandists for putting people "out of their what had happened at the Concilium meeting, he said, and misery" in the United States are Jesuits John Paris and Rich­ implied he had not been invited. ard McCormick, the latter an editor of the Jesuit America Equally dead-end were his answers to my questions about magazine. the overall threat of strategic confrontation in terms of the But when I met with Father McCormick on June 17, I Third Rome-Jesuit complicity in the Central America affair, was not quite prepared for the experience. For Father Mc­ and with the nuclear freeze movement. He had never heard Cormick is not just a propagandist for the Nazi evils of elim­ of the Third Rome prophecy, he claimed. He really was not inating "useless eaters"; as an individual he epitomizes the very aware of the President's beam weapon program and its Jesuit Aristotelian method of pure evil and corruption. As implications. On Central America, why, he had never been you listen to Father McCormick, you hear the justifications there himself and does not follow it. I would have to ask for genocide that have corrupted millions of Americans to FatherAlfred Henle, who has "expertise" in this area. the point where they will kill rather than take responsibility I was not to discover until after the interview that the for economic and social policy. good Father was lying through his teeth on the question of Father McCormick, S.J., works at the Kennedy Institute the nuclear freeze and opposition to beam weapons-he has for Bioethics at Georgetown University in Washington, D.C. admitted to others being "actively involved" in that Third · He is also a member of the Concilium movement, an inter­ Rome-KGB project. national grouping of schismatic Catholics who met recently The method of this fellow had, however, begun to come in Tiibingen, West Germany to plan a "new Reformation," clear. He could only speak on particular subjects, or areas ,� and to organize a campaign against the resurgence of a strong where he had personal experience or expertise. For him, the nation-state in the United States around President Reagan's supposed philosophical ethicist, my approach was simply too beam weaponpoli cy. broad for c?mment. Nor was there any interest from him in Father McCormick's habitat itself is notable. Located on our ideas. It was sort of like talking to a Great Mother, one the fringe of the Georgetown Unive 'ity campus, it is a for­ who sweetly smiles as though you are really quite out of your tress-type building, with ? towel in the center. Entrance is mind to be thinking such big thoughts, who nods, and says easy, but from there you are left to wander through narrow nothing. halls without any assistimce--the building being largely empty, and maze-like. Case by case murder Then there was the "t'pearance of the Father himself. The Jesuit's profile broke slightly as I moved into the When I found him, he was ensconced in a comfortableoffice population question, where I knew this guy had quite some behin<;l his d,esk, but looki;-Ig as unlike a priest as you could murderous experience, first-handpractical experience. possiblyimagine . He wa� 'w earing bermudashorts and purple He firstdenied that he , or the Institute, or the Jesuits had and white striped socks that went halfway up his calves_ He any overall philosophy on population reduction. "That's not showed them offby putting his feet up on his desk. one of my concerns," he said. I proceeded to explain how

58 National EIR July 26, 1983 thiswas being carried out by the Central America policy, the of how it is to live in a country with so many people. What anti-technology drive, the IMF and the World Bank. does he think of their popUlation policy? Ah, here came a Although I pointed out that the philosophical assumptions classic Jesuitical dodge which amounts to an endorsement of of McCormick's field-theAristotelian game of bioethics­ theChinese population policy. were the same as those of the depopulators, Father Mc­ "Well, coercion is the last thing you want, of course. But Cormick continued to demur. Countries differ, he said. Of I would not say that there are never times you would use it. course, population is a problem. It varies according to the That would have to be in the case of a desperate situation. country. "If I were a population expert, which I'm not, I And some would say that the situation in China is desper­ would say that economic growth is not just dependent on ate ....But of course the last thing you want is coercion." population, but on many other factors as well." Of course, there are some countries with major population problems­ like Mexico. Challenged on his premise about "too many people" and with the necessary Christian approach to technology in the Once more I tried to get him to service of man's mission on earth, Father McCormick waved the implications of his answer aside. "I am uncomfortable admit thejundamental issue­ with your black and white arguments," he said. "What you the issue oj responsibilityjor the are saying is utterly simplistic." consequences oj one's actions. 'if What did that remark mean? Simply that the good Father was determined not to admit any of the consequences of his there were a technology, like beliefs. Ignore them, he insists, like the typical Aristotelian. DDT, which was to be exported to Every situation must be taken case by case; no general prin­ the Third World, and ifyou knew ciples of causality can be drawn from world history or even current history. Causality is "utterly simplistic"-because it that preventing its export would reveals how m

EIR July 26, 1983 National 59 Father McCormick actually moved into an argument­ nology. Father McCormick is sure that most of the population something he definitely did not want to do-in this area. He is just as amoral as he. He said that his laws for living wills insisted that we must deal withthe crisis of limited resources. would not be passing all around the countryif people didn't His example of why this is necessary is that we cannot-{)r basically agree with him. So why debate? as he said once, society will not--provide adequate care to everyone. In defense of this outrageous statement, he re­ No absolutes marks how desperate certain areas of the country are because Once more I tried to get him to admit the fundamental they don't even have hospitals. Yet, in the next breath he is issue-the issue of responsibility for the consequences of saying that we have to reduce our reliance on technology! one's actions. "If there were a technology, like DDT, which His prime example is that everyone cannot have an artificial was to be exported to the Third World, and if you knew tha� heart. When I countered that withthe maximum use of NASA preventing its export would leave millions of people to die technologies, we could have massive use of the artificial heart by disease, would you not consider the person who made that cheaply in the immediate period ahead, refused to argue. decision guilty of mass murder?" I asked. Pressed on the question of why we shouldhe accept limited FatherMcCormick: "Death is not an absolute evil. " resources, Father McCormick leapt to another oh-so-typical In other words, there are conditions under which such amoral Jesuit argument: actions should be taken, where he as a Jesuit condones mass "England does it. When a patient is over 55, and has murder because "death is not an absolute evil!" kidneytroubl e, he cannot get access to a dialysis machine." Take careful note, dear reader. We are not dealing here How many times have you heard that before? Some peo­ with a Jesuit in EI Salvador, joining the guerrillas with his ple do it. .. M-16. Perhaps there are indeed only 200 of those running Do you agree with that, I asked. around directly instigating brutal violence in CentralAmeri­ No direct answer, of course. But what the Father would ca. We are dealing instead with a far more evil phenomenon, say is that we have to deal with actually existing limited a "theologian" who specializes in attacking the principle of resources now, and that technology cannot solve the prob­ life. lems. Instead he raised the question of the abusive use of The reasons vary-they always do for an Aristotelian­ technology! He in particular referenced a case of someone but the method does not. The case by case approach, the who was kept alive who did not have a brain. denial of a ruling cultural matrix, the denial of the absolute I refused to discuss case by case. This is a philosophical, value of life are systematically used to undermine theunique moral question, I said. With a Judeo-Christianapproa ch, you identity of the human soul. The goal? Wipeout the notion of move to save sacred human life with the exercise of our divine causality-man's unique responsibility to learnthe principles powersin developing technologies. Any other approach, like of the universe and to co-create with God according to those that of Father Paris (also S.J . ), is just like that of the Nazis, I principles. argued. When Father Paris says that he bases his "moral" Death may not be an absolute evil, but Jesuits are . judgment that someone has to be denied life-saving technol­ ogy on the basis of "society's limited resources," he is spew­ Who are you speaking for? ing out nothing different than the Nazi philosophy of the There is one final piece of evidence of Father Mc­ "useless eaters. " Cormick's style as a consummate Jesuit manipulator. Near Father McCormick, who works very closely with Father the end of the interview he suddenly leaned over the desk and Paris, neither objected, nor commented. asked: "Why do you always say 'we'? Who do you mean by No, what Father McCormick was concerned about was 'we'? I'm used to dealing with people who think as individ­ the "depersonalization through excessive use of technolo­ uals, and speak for themselves. What kind of organization gies. " To me there is no greater depersonalizationthan death, are you speaking for anyway? Is it one where you all think and I argued to that effect. The Father couldn't disagree alike?" more. My answer. We are an organization based on principled Father McCormick unequivocally refused my offer to agreement, agreement on the principle of the Filioque that debate this issue publicly. In particular, I suggested debate calls us to fightfor the sanctity of human life and our increase with Rabbi David Bleich, a respected orthodox Jewish right­ in humanity'S godlike powers over nature. to-life spokesman. Bleich argues that mankind has the obli­ That is our strength, Father McCormick. That is the source gation to fight for every second of life with whatever tech­ of "we," the "we" of humankind and our posterity. It is the nology is available. very quality of humanity which you spend every waking McCormick insisted that Bleich's view is "fringe." Of minute to try to destroy. Unfortunately, you will never suc­ course it is fringe in the bioethics field, I said. The field was ceed without destroying the entire world with you. I suppose set up to justify the killing of useless eaters . But there are you really don't care since "death is not an absolute evil." many people among the population who object to this "living The only question is whether you will be able to drag the rest wiil" idea and the murder of people by denying them tech- of the pragmatic Aristotelian population along with you.

60 National EIR July 26, 1983 - Investigative Leads by Michele Steinberg

The KGB and the Heritage Foundation says Teller is a "man-eater and wants " What does the Heritage Foundation have with to bury us all under a heap of radio­ in common Izvestia and Literatumaya Gazeta? activeash" with his "Star Warsgame ." • On July 6, the East German military daily, Volksarmee (People's Anny), printed a piece called "The Old Lion Roars for Space War." Tell- n article in the Soviet journalL it­ fense systems. er, the article warns, is a "close friend" eraturnayaA Gazeta of July 6, which Mr. LaRouche's aggressive un- of President Reagan, amI "belongs to fraudulently attempts to show that the masking of Yuri Andropov's expan- the military industrial complex that Executive Intelligence Review agrees sionist policies to establish Moscow designed the space warfare proj­ with the Soviet KGB in its attacks on as the "Third and Final Rome" has ect. ...This is sheer madness, going President Reagan, has provided the made him a special target of the Rus- under the cover of scientific method: primafacie evidence that the Heritage sian Orthodox Church-controlled it shows what certain scientists are Foundation, the Western Goals orga­ KGB . LaRouche has especially dis- drivento ." nization led by John Birch Society turbed the Kremlin by exposing some • On July 10, the Los Angeles leader and S. Congressman Larry of the KGB's valued operations in the Times printed a 12-page special sec­ McDonald, U.and General Daniel Gra­ West-the FBI's coverup of KGB tion attacking Teller, the "military in­ ham, a former director of the Defense control of the U.S. and Western Eu- dustrial complex," and the beam Intelligence Agency, are working in ropean peace movement, and the role weapons strategy. Under the head­ tandem with the KGB . of KGB-linked Democratic Party fig- line, "Teller's Obsession Became Written by Iona Andronov, the ar­ ures in destabilizing the Reagan Reality in Star Wars Plan," author ticle targets EIR and its founder Lyn­ Administration through "Debategate." Robert Scheer, a veteran of the Soviet- ·don H. LaRouche, Jr. , by falsely Intelligence sources familiar with linked Institute for Policy Studies quoting EIR counterterrorism expert KGB black propaganda confirm that magazine, Ramparts, quotes Daniel Paul Goldstein as the source of infor­ the Andronov article was designed Graham saying that Teller is "a man mation that the CIA and President precisely to feed to KGB assets and who walks around the country carry­ Reagan were behind Ali Mehmet dupes within Western conservative ing a load on his shoulders , the father Agca, the terrorist who attempted to circles. The KGB well knows that ofthe H-bomb ...he wants the West­ assassinate Pope John Paul II. conservatives, not "peaceniks," are ern.world to be safe with his technol­ Not coincidentally, Andronov' s best used to slow down LaRouche's ogy ...but the rest of [us] did not article surfaced at the precise time that successful efforts to build internation- buy it." Agca was confessing to Italian offi­ al support for the beam policy. With his attack on Teller, Graham cials that the KGB was directly in­ Lest any doubts remain that "con- proves he is part of a Soviet-backed volved in his 1981 assassination at­ servati ves" like General Graham are campaign to stop the U. S . A. from de­ tempt on the Pope. some of the most valued assets of the veloping beam weapons. Whether For counterintelligence analysts, Soviet Union, one need only review a Graham understands his role must be Andronov's bit of black propaganda series of recent articles on the subject a subject of investigation. suggests a reliable litmus test: any of­ of Edward Teller and the space-based Evidence provided to the EIR ficial who says that LaRoucheis KGB , ABM systems: shows that other military officialsand should be investigated themselves for • On July 3, the Soviet daily, Iz- adjuncts are knowingly spreading lies vestia , printed an · article called �'Tne -- that"LaRouclie-is One subject KGBThe IiriKs Andronov. article is part of a Bad MisterTeller," which, in the form under investigationKGB is U.S.." embassy KGB campaign to target LaRouche of a fictitious dialogue between Teller military attache Colonel Russell in Ot­ and U.S. scientist Dr. Edward Teller, and "American youth," attacks the tawa, Canada, who urged NATO"rep­ who are leading the internationalfight "bad and horrificMr. Teller . " . fath- resentatives to stay away from an EIR to implement President Reagan's er ofthe hydrogen bomb" for "militar- seminar on the beam weapons ques­ March 23 policy of developing space­ izing space" with laser beams and anti- tion because the "information might based laser anti-ballistic missile de- ballistic missile systems. The article go to the East."

EIR July 26, 1983 National 61 National News

of "those who try to keep the Churchtogeth­ delegates and about 45 residents of Manch­ • er." These actions to preserve the church ester. For 15 minutes, the two explained the should never be criticized fromoutside Rus­ unstated purposeof the conference. Forum Project Democracy teams sia, he declared. organizers tried to stop the two by meekly asking, "May we speak now?" One of the up with Eastern rite NDPC members replied, "No," and contin­ A two-day Washington, D.C., conference ued to explain to the audience the purpose entitled Religious Freedom East and We st, of the week-long private session. which ended July 11, was sponsored by the St. Anselm's Abbey When the NDPC members were finally Institute on Religion and Democracy of Mi­ forced toleave, theForum leaders shut down chael Novak, assistant to U.N. Ambassador hosts KGB conference the public session, kicking out all the visit­ Jeane Kirkpatrick; the AFL-CIO's Penn One Soviet delegate jumped up bellowing, ing townspeople, to give the delegates time Kemble; and the National Association of "I don't like being called a"KGB agent." An to recover. Evangelicals. American delegate, trying to be a wag, said, The conference included activists from "Everyone who's a KGB agent, raise you Secretary of State George Shultz's Project hand. " Twenty hands went up. Democracy, representatives of the Lutheran The scene was July 11's public session Church, and members of the Temple Mount of the Forum for U.S.lSoviet Dialogue at archdiocese Foundation project for religious warfare in St. Anselm's Benedictine Abbey in Manch­ Chicago Jerusalem. ester, New Hampshire, the latest of some 30 promotes witches' cults A Swiss grouping included a half-dozen conferencesbeing held throughout the United An ongoing investigation of Joseph Cardi­ representatives of Nestle, and Hans Stuck­ States to build the KGB's nuclear freeze/ nal Bernardin, the controversial Chicago elberger, president of Christian Solidarity anti-beam-weapons campaign. figure who steered approval of the nuclear International , based in ZUrich. The 40 Soviet and 40 American dele­ freeze letter through the National Confer­ Project Democracy-a plan for foreign­ gates, isolated for a week in Benedictine ence of Catholic Bishops this year, has un­ policy "dirty tricks" outside the control of cells, are experiencing "people to people" covered a nest of pagan cultists in theologi­ the White House-was represented by so­ communication. calseminaries in San Francisco and Chicago. cial democrats Novak, Kemble, and Tom Published topics of the conference were Prominent in this cult-creating activity Kahn, AFL-CIO president Lane Kirkland's arms control and disarmament, trade and is Father Matthew Fox, a Dominican priest chief aide, and by several representatives of economics, education, the media, and reli­ fromChicago now teaching at the Holy Name the American Enterprise Institute-which gious and cultural life. College in Oakland, California. Fox spe­ had been commissioned to co-sponsor the Heavily represented in the Soviet dele­ cializes in studies of the "Matriarchal" or State Department's second Project Democ­ gation is the Komsomol, or Soviet "youth" "Right Brain" nature religions at Catholic racy conference . Deputy Assistant Secre­ organization, since the object of the forum institutions and has hired a self-proclaimed of State Charles Fairbanks and Rep. is to concentrate on under-35 "movers and witch as a lecturer on "Feminine and Crea­ Dantetary B. Fascell (D-Fla.), one of the lead­ shakers" who will be the policymakers in tion Theology. " ing congressional sponsors of the project, the next 20 years . This witch, "Starhawk" (Miriam Si­ were also in attendance. After a week in New Hampshire, the mos), is a national leader of the neo-pagan A featured speaker was Bishop Basil of Soviets will go to Harvard to speak at the Wicca cult movement, which first came to the San Francisco Diocese of the Russian JFK School of GovernmentAffairs ; then, in EIR's attention through the infamous 1979- Orthodox Church, the grandson of the last Washington, D.C., they will meet with the 81 Atlanta murders of young boys. pre-Bolshevik patriarch of the Russian Federal Reserve, the Supreme Court chief Simos currently recruits women into church. justice, congressmen, the American Enter­ "covens" from which they deploy into the The bishop was a BBC commentator on prise Institute, and the Brookings Institu­ so-called peace movement, including groups Russia for 25 years before joining the Ortho­ tion. The Communications Workers of organizing to shut U. S. national science dox priesthood: recently he took monastic America will hold a banquet for them. laboratories. vows, while continuing his commentaries A representative of the Federal Reserve Father Fox denies any connection with for the Voice of America and the BBC. System, Warren Trepeta, was a delegate to nuclear freeze leader Cardinal Bernardin, Basil began by intoning, "Perhaps you the St. Anselm's conference. The personal but Fox muses, "It's very interesting that have guessed from my appearance , I belong assistant to Fed Board of Governorsmember around the issue of nuclear war, a witch and to quite an exotic world." Invoking a "cross Henry Wallich, the number-two man at the a cardinal can come together. " Some groups of suffering," he justified Russian Orthodox Fed , is worried that his connections will be in Wicca are known to include members of Church collaboration with the KGB by stat­ published . the Muarnmar Qaddafi-funded American ing that religious freedom has two apparent­ At the outset of the public session, two Indian Movement (AIM) and the Native ly conflictingelements: the action of the op­ National Democratic Policy Committee American Treaty Council . Under guidance ponents of the Marxist state . and the activity members dominated the gathering of the 80 from the Jesuit order and others , these In- ...

National EIR July 26, 1983 62 Briefly

dian groups are playing up their "native earth­ fense requires no directed energy-beam centered religions. " technologies; " aspirins and marshmallows" One of Wicca's San Francisco leaders, would be better than such weaponry, he re­ Marion Zimmer Bradley, is the author of a cently sputtered. CYRUS HASHEMI'S $100 novel currently on the New York Times best­ An article by retired Air Force Gen . Bob million• libel suit against Campaigner seller list. Mists Avalon . The book popu­ Richardson, director of implementation of Publications, EIR , and other La­ larizes paganswho of infiltrate Christianity and High Frontier, lays out a series of reforms Rouche-affiliated ·· organizations has agree to worship Isis in the name of Mary. of Department of Defense procedures to ac­ beendismissed by a federal courtaft­ celerate "a layered ICBM-defense concept, er Hashemifailed to comply with dis­ a laser/particle-beamdeployment ." covery orders. Hashemi sued Cam­ Richardson, one of the most experi­ paigner and other defendants in Sep­ enced military-technical experts in High tember 1980 after EIR had exposed Right-to-death bill Frontier, focuses in his article on how to Hashemi's role in financing the Ay­ implement Reagan's program as rapidly as atollah Khomeini's terrorism. While alive in California possible. The article nowhere mentions the other defendants, including the The California "Accelerated Inheritance" "space-trucks and shot cans" scheme with Washington Post and Boston Globe, righHo-death bill, which grants friends or which General Graham has caused ' High settled under reported pressure from relatives de facto "power of attorney" over Frontier to be widely identified. the Justice Department,EIR pursued a person who has signed a living will and One source reports that in "classified" pre-trial discovery revealing Carter the right to terminate life support systems background discussions with the President's administration complicity in protec- . for their legal victims, has been sent out of military and industrial supporters, Graham tion of Iranian assassins. the Assembly Judiciary Committee to the has been insisting that the Soviet Union's legislature . major program for ABM development is DEFENSE ELECTRONICS, in Supporter� of S.B.762 include Assem­ space deployment of "shot -cans," and that its• May issue , reported that "laser blyman Alister McAlister, a "pro-life" Mor­ this is why the United States must concen­ weapons capable of destroying So­ mon, and the Jewish Life Issue, a "pro-life" trateon orbiting similar contraptions. viet satellites" are being installed at Jewish group. · The California Pro-Life the Navy's China Lake facility in Council, arm of the National Right to Life California and the White Sands Mis­ organization, has withdrawn its opposition sile Range in New Mexico, where the to the bill. Department of Defense recently Club of Life spokesman Evelyn Lantz NRC commissioner tries opened its High Energy Laser Sys­ told the committee before the vote, "This temsTest Facility. bill now has more than 50 amendments. All to stop U.S.-India deal of them are trying to prove that this bill will Victor Gilinsky, the most anti-nuclear PAUL FRALEIGH, a National not be used by greedy relatives to kill their member of the Nuclear Regulatory Com­ •Caucus of Labor Committees mem­ grandmothers to get their inheritance early, mission, has exposed himself as the source ber, was arrested on charges of or by insurance comPll:nies or hospitals to of a campaign by Reps. Richard Ottinger "criminaltr espass" on a public beach save money by killing patients. This simply (D-N.Y.), Edward Markey (D-Mass.), and in York Beach, Maine on July 13, makes its purpose obvious." the Washington Post to halt the U.S.-India while distributing a leaflet exposing None of the committee members at­ agreement for spare parts for the Tarapur KGB involvement in efforts to un­ tempted to refute her testimony. nuclear plant. The Tarapur agreement has dercut President Reagan's defensive become the lever for improved relations be­ beam weapon program. Soviet and tween the U.S. and India being sought by American delegates of the U.S./So­ President Reaganand Indira Gandhi. viet Dialogue Forum were holding a In a July 6 Wall Street Journal article, clambake on the beach nearby . Fral­ High Frontier director "Why Keep Helping India Make the eigh's arrest, suspected to have been Bomb?", Gilinsky called the U.S. - India counters Danny Graham ordered by the Forum organizers or agreement "another American appeasement their higher-ups, has already begun The administration' s moves to carry out the of India's appetite for nuclear-explosive to backfire. After being released on President's March 23 antiballistic missile plutonium." The man former Energy Sec­ bail, Fraleigh has been interviewed defense policy, and French support for the retary James Schlesinger designated to or­ by several media in northern New policy, have helped to split the "High Fron­ ganize the NRC in 1975 repeated the false­ Hampshire and Maine-home state tier" group, isolating its founder Gen. Dan­ hoodwhich appeared in the of Samantha Smith, the schoolgirl iel Graham as a saboteur of the White June 23-that the State DepartmentWashington Post has now a guest of Yuri Andropov. House's commitment. "gotten cold feet" and will not go through Graham contends that space-based de- with the deal. ..

EIR July 26, National 63 1983 Editorial

Swiss brinksmanship, Russian war-games

As the Banking Committee of the U. S. Senate rushes to er in his capacity BIS chainnan-Volcker and his lackeys are reconfinn Paul Adolph Volcker as chainnan of the Federal steadily forcing the refinancing of the bankrupt world mone­ Reserve System, Brazil is being clobbered into submission system, and associated instruments of debt, onto the back to International Monetary Fund dictates, by a coalition head­ oftary the U.S. economy. To promote that, he also argues that ed by Fritz Leutwiler, the chainnan of the central bankers ' the U.S. budget, i.e., defense spending, be cut. Could the central bank, the Basel-based Bank for International Soviet Union have a better pair of allies within the Western Settlements. world than Paul Volcker and Fritz Leutwiler in their deeds In this world gone mad , it comes as no surprise to learn and in the consequences of those deeds? that the reappointment of a man whose high interest rate Soviet policy, as developed in the recently concluded regime is committed to the killing of about 2 billion people plenum of that country's Central Committee and announced world-wide-by eliminating the production of useful goods by party chainnan Yuri Andropov, is premised on the as­ and services, such as food, on which human existence de­ sumption that the Western world is heading into an irrever­ pends , and thereby causing the worst depression of recent sible economic crisis which will provide the opportunity for centuries-is a necessary contribution to the maintenance of the Soviets to expand their world power. To that end the stability and confidence. And that the elimination of Brazil Soviets have committed themselves to opposing any tenden­ as a viable national economy through the destruction of its cy within the West that could reverse the slide into crisis, internal industrial base, and consequent labor unrest is an including President Reagan 's new space-based, high-energy essential component of the solution to the Third World debt physics dependent, missile defense policy. crisis. Leutwiler and Volcker now propose that the remainder Who benefits from the continuation of such criminal lu­ of the industrial and technological base available to support nacy? Arewe so blinded by the ideological fe tishes impelling the development of the weapon systems that could eliminate us, like lemmings, toward the edge of the cliff, that we are the threat of nuclear warand reverse this depression, be itself no longer capable of checking our disastrous forward dismantled. And the ideologues in the Treasury Department, motion? and on Wall Street, go right along with them. This way, we Volcker now insists that the single largest obstacle to could rightly expect Russian to be the preferred language of what he calls "stability" is the budget deficit of the U.S the Federal Reserve Board before Paul Volcker comes before government. Ignoring the cost and contribution of his policies the Senate for another four year tenn. to the swelling of the deficit, in tennsof financing the debt, But it's still worse . By attempting to eliminate the inter­ reducing the tax base available to support the debt, and in­ nal basis for economic recovery , by setting the United States creasing social service charges to government by swelling on to the path of aggravated confrontation with Ibero-Amer­ unemployment and welfare rolls, Volcker now wants to cut ica over a bankrupt monetary system which serves nobody's the federal budget by upwards of $50 billion dollars . There real interests, and thereby attempting to eliminate nation state is only one area of the budget where cuts of the size Volcker solutions to the crisis involving both the United States and demanded could be made: in the defense budget. Given the lbero-America, Volcker and Leutwiler are in fact accelerat­ fact that such approaches will make the problem worse , not ing the tendency to an early showdown with the Soviets. better, whose interest is served by policies of disarmament They are helping to push us into a thennonuclear war. Are dictated from within the Federal Reserve , and its internation­ we to be their fe llow-travellers down that road? Perhaps we al supporting agencies such as the BIS and the International still have time to learn that the institutions of the sovereign Monetary Fund? nation state and the institutions that rule over the bankrupt Apart from the genocidal crushing of the sovereign na­ shards of the old world monetary system are incompatible, if tion state-an objective of Volcker that is shared by Leutwil- we want to avoid a nuclear war.

National EIR July 26, 1983 64 EIR Confidential �lert Service

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