UmschlagEngl Layout_Geschäftsordnung_Bezahlung 12.11.13 16:12 Seite 1 Metropolis Ruhr A Regional Study of the New Ruhr Regionalverband Ruhr Andreas Keil and Burkhard Wetterau Metropolis Ruhr A Regional Study of the New Ruhr IMPRESSUM Die Deutsche Bibliothek – Editor: CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Regionalverband Ruhr Andreas Keil und Burkhard Wetterau: Department for Strategic Development Metropolis Ruhr. A Regional Study of the and Communication New Ruhr Authors: [edited by Regionalverband Ruhr] Andreas Keil Translated by Hans-Werner Wehling Burkhard Wetterau First edition 2013 Essen: Regionalverband Ruhr, 2013 Translation: ISBN: 978-3-939234-05-0 Hans-Werner Wehling First edition Printing: © 2013 Regionalverband Ruhr Woeste Druck + Verlag, Essen Kronprinzenstr. 35, 45128 Essen, Germany Fon: 0049 201 2069-0 Closing Date: 2012 Fax: 0049 201 2069-500 Frontcover: E-Mail:
[email protected] Development of the City of Essen Internet: www.metropoleruhr.de and (Map sections 1840, 1930, 1970 and 2010) www.ruhrgebiet-regionalkunde.de TABLE OF CONTENTS Seite INTRODUCTION 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 3 1 THE RUHR – STARTING POINTS 4 1.1 The natural landscapes 4 1.2 Adaptation to the physical conditions 6 1.3 The historical development of settlement 10 1.4 The development of coal mining (up to the 1960s) 12 1.5 The development of the iron and steel industries (up to the 1970s) 15 2 THE RUHR/METROPOLIS RUHR – SOCIO-SPATIAL AND URBAN DEVELOPMENTS 17 2.1 Development of the administrative boundaries 17 2.2 Development of the settlements 20 2.3 Population development 25