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Wednesday, December 27, 2000 Part III Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service 50 CFR Part 17 Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Prudency Determinations for Eight Plant Species From the Hawaiian Islands, and Proposed Critical Habitat Designations for Eighteen Plant Species From the Island of Lanai, Hawaii; Proposed Rule VerDate 11<MAY>2000 20:44 Dec 26, 2000 Jkt 194001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4717 Sfmt 4717 E:\FR\FM\27DEP3.SGM pfrm10 PsN: 27DEP3 82086 Federal Register / Vol. 65, No. 249 / Wednesday, December 27, 2000 / Proposed Rules DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR that designation of critical habitat was at the termination of the public prudent at the time of their listing as comment period. Fish and Wildlife Service endangered species in 1999. Critical You may hand-deliver written habitat designations for these species comments to our Pacific Islands Office 50 CFR Part 17 are also proposed at this time. at 300 Ala Moana Blvd., Room 3±122, RIN 1018±AH10 In addition, we proposed that critical Honolulu, Hawaii. habitat was prudent for nine species Comments and materials received, as Endangered and Threatened Wildlife (Bonamia menziesii, Centarium well as supporting documentation used and Plants; Prudency Determinations sebaeoides, Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. in the preparation of this proposed rule for Eight Plant Species From the mauiensis, Ctenitis squamigera, Cyanea will be available for public inspection, Hawaiian Islands, and Proposed grimesiana ssp. grimesiana, Cyrtandra by appointment, during normal business Critical Habitat Designations for munroi, Hibiscus brackenridgei, hours at the Pacific Islands Office. Eighteen Plant Species From the Spermolepis hawaiiensis, and Vigna o- FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Paul Island of Lanai, Hawaii wahuensis) from Lanai that also occur Henson, Field Supervisor, Pacific on Kauai, Niihau, Maui, and/or AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Islands Office (see ADDRESSES section) Kahoolawe in proposed rules published Interior. (telephone 808/541±3441; facsimile earlier in 2000. Critical habitat ACTION: 808/541±3470). Proposed rule and notice of designations for these species on Lanai prudency determination. are proposed at this time, with the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: SUMMARY: We, the U.S. Fish and exception of Vigna o-wahuensis for Background Wildlife Service (Service), have which we do not currently know the specific location of this species on We have reconsidered our findings reconsidered our findings concerning concerning whether designating critical whether designating critical habitat for Lanai. habitat for eight federally protected eight federally protected plants from the We solicit data and comments from plants from the island of Lanai is island of Lanai would be prudent. Some the public on all aspects of this prudent. Currently, four of these species of these plant species may also occur on proposal, including data on the (Abutilon eremitopetalum, Cyanea other Hawaiian Islands. The eight plants economic and other impacts of the macrostegia ssp. gibsonii, Gahnia were listed as endangered species under proposed designations. We may revise lanaiensis, and Viola lanaiensis) are the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as this proposal to incorporate or address endemic to the island of Lanai, while amended (Act), between 1991 and 1996. new information received during the two species (Hedyotis mannii and At the time each plant was listed, we comment period. Portulaca sclerocarpa) are known from determined that designation of critical DATES: We must receive comments from Lanai, as well as one or more other habitat was not prudent because it all interested parties by February 26, would increase the degree of threat to islands. One species, Tetramolopium 2001. Public hearing requests must be remyi, was known from Maui and Lanai the species and/or would not benefit the received by February 12, 2001. plant. but is currently only extant on Lanai We propose that critical habitat is ADDRESSES: If you wish to comment, (Table 1). We believe the eighth species, prudent for seven of these species you may submit your comments and Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis, may (Abutilon eremitopetalum, Cyanea materials concerning this proposal by be extinct. macrostegia ssp. gibsonii, Gahnia any one of several methods: Proposed prudency determinations lanaiensis, Hedyotis mannii, Portulaca You may submit written comments for nine species (Bonamia menziesii, sclerocarpa, Tetramolopium remyi, and and information to the Field Supervisor, Centarium sebaeoides, Clermontia Viola lanaiensis) because the potential U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Pacific oblongifolia ssp. mauiensis, Ctenitis benefits of designating critical habitat Islands Office, 300 Ala Moana Blvd., squamigera, Cyanea grimesiana ssp. essential for the conservation of these P.O. Box 50088, Honolulu, Hawaii grimesiana, Cyrtandra munroi, Hibiscus species outweigh the risks that may 96850±0001. brackenridgei, Spermolepis hawaiiensis, result from human activity due to You may send comments by and Vigna o-wahuensis) which also critical habitat designation. Therefore, electronic mail (e-mail) to occur on the islands of Kauai or Niihau we are proposing the designation of [email protected]. Please submit were published in a previous proposal critical habitat for these seven species. comments in ASCII file format and (65 FR 66807); those which also occur We propose that designation of critical avoid the use of special characters and on Maui or Kahoolawe are being habitat is not prudent for one species, encryption. Please include ``Attn: 1018± published in a concurrent proposal. Phyllostegia glabra var. lanaiensis, AH10'' and your name and return In addition, for three species which is no longer extant in the wild, address in your e-mail message. If you (Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. and for which no genetic material is do not receive a confirmation from the remyi, Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis, currently known. Such designation system that we have received your e- and Melicope munroi), we determined would not be beneficial to this species. mail message, contact us directly by that designation of critical habitat was For three additional species from calling our Pacific Islands Office at prudent at the time of their listing as Lanai, Hedyotis schlechtendahliana var. phone number 808/541±3441. Please endangered species in 1999. Proposed remyi, Labordia tinifolia var. lanaiensis, note that the e-mail address critical habitat designations for these and Melicope munroi, we determined ([email protected]) will be closed species are included in this proposal. VerDate 11<MAY>2000 20:44 Dec 26, 2000 Jkt 194001 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\27DEP3.SGM pfrm10 PsN: 27DEP3 Federal Register / Vol. 65, No. 249 / Wednesday, December 27, 2000 / Proposed Rules 82087 TABLE 1.ÐSUMMARY OF ISLAND DISTRIBUTION OF 37 SPECIES ON LANAI Island distribution Species Kauai Oahu Molokai Lanai Maui Hawaii N.W. Isles, Kahoolawe Niihau Abutilon eremitopetalum C (No common name). Adenophorus periens CHCRRC (pendant kihi fern). Bidens micrantha sp. HC kalealaha (ko oko alau). Bonamia menziesii (No CCHCCC common name). Brighamia rockii (pua ala) .. C H H Cenchrus agrimonioides C H C R NW Isles (H) (No common name). Centaurium sebaeoides CCCCC (awiwi). Clermontia oblongifolia ssp. CC mauiensis (oha wai). Ctenitis squamigera HCHCCH (pauoa). Cyanea grimesiana ssp. CCCC grimesiana (haha). Cyanea lobata (haha) ........ H C Cyanea macrostegia ssp. C gibsonii (haha). Cyperus trachysanthos (pu CCHH Ni(C) uka a). Cyrtandra munroi (ha iwale) C C Diellia erecta (No common HHCHCC name). Diplazium molokaiense (No HHHHC common name). Gahnia lanaiensis (No com- C mon name). Hedyotis mannii (No com- CCH mon name). Hedyotis C schlechtendahliana var. remyi (kopa). Hesperomannia CCHC arborescens (No com- mon name). Hibiscus brackenridgei HCHCCCKa(R) (mao hau hele). Isodendrion pyrifolium HHHHCNi(H) (aupaka). Labordia tinifolia var. C lanaiensis (kamakahala). Mariscus faurei (No com- CH C mon name). Melicope munroi (alani) ...... H C Neraudia sericea (No com- C H C Ka(H) mon name). Phyllostegia glabra var. H lanaiensis (ulihi). Portulaca sclerocarpa (po CC e). Sesbania tomentosa (ohai) CCCHCCNi(H), Ka(C), NW Isles (C) Silene lanceolata (No com- HCCH C mon name). Solanum incompletum H HHHC (popolo ku mai). Spermolepis hawaiiensis CCCCCC (No common name). Tetramolopium lepidotum CH ssp. lepidotum (No com- mon name). Tetramolopium remyi (No CH common name). Vigna o-wahuensis (No HCCCCNi(H), Ka(C) common name). Viola lanaiensis (No com- C mon name). VerDate 11<MAY>2000 20:44 Dec 26, 2000 Jkt 194001 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 4701 Sfmt 4702 E:\FR\FM\27DEP3.SGM pfrm10 PsN: 27DEP3 82088 Federal Register / Vol. 65, No. 249 / Wednesday, December 27, 2000 / Proposed Rules TABLE 1.ÐSUMMARY OF ISLAND DISTRIBUTION OF 37 SPECIES ON LANAIÐContinued Island distribution Species Kauai Oahu Molokai Lanai Maui Hawaii N.W. Isles, Kahoolawe Niihau Zanthoxylum hawaiiense C CHCC (ae). KEY: C (Current)Ðpopulation last observed within the past 30 years. H (Historical)Ðpopulation not seen for more than 30 years. R (Reported)Ðreported from undocumented observations. An additional 17 species are known only from historical records (pre-1970) on Lanai or from undocumented observa- tions (Table 1). Proposed prudency determinations and proposed critical habitat designations or non-designations for these species which still occur on other islands have been or will be included in the proposed
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  • Conservation of Hawaiian Lobelioids — in Vitro and Molecular Studies

    Conservation of Hawaiian Lobelioids — in Vitro and Molecular Studies

    CONSERVATION OF HAWAIIAN LOBELIOIDS — IN VITRO AND MOLECULAR STUDIES A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAW ATI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN HORTICULTURE MAY 1996 By Gregory A. Koob Dissertation Committee: Yoneo Sagawa, Co-Chairperson Sterling Keeley, Co-Chairperson Adelheid Kuehnle Fred Rauch Clifford Smith We certify that we have read this dissertation and that, in our opinion, it is satisfactory in scope and quality as a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Horticulture. DISSERTATION COMMITTEE I (^Chairperson^ !^-Chairperson AkjJU^jA ■ UilU 11 © Copyright 1996 by Gregory A. Koob All Rights Reserved 111 Acknowledgments I would like to thank the staff and volunteers at the Harold L. Lyon Arboretum and the Lyon Arboretum Association for their support of the in vitro research. The staff of the National Tropical Botanical Garden, the State of Hawai'i Division of Forestry and Wildlife, the Nature Conservancy of Hawai'i, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, John Obata, and Rick Palmer are appreciated for supplying plant material. Partial funding was supplied by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the State of Hawai'i Division of Forestry and Wildlife, the Center for Plant Conservation, the University of Hawai'i Foundation, and Sigma Xi Grants-in-Aid of Research. Thank you to Dave Lorence, Kay Lynch, Loyal Mehrhoff, Carol Nakamura, John Obata, Rick Palmer, Joshlyn Sands, and Alvin Yoshinaga for information used in this report. Special thanks to Sterling Keeley for the use of her lab and supplies and support for the RAPDs work and to Yoneo Sagawa for his knowledgeable support of the in vitro research.