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												ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES and PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS of SHRUB EXPANSION in WESTERN ALASKA by Molly Tankersley Mcdermott, B.A./B.S
Arthropod communities and passerine diet: effects of shrub expansion in Western Alaska Item Type Thesis Authors McDermott, Molly Tankersley Download date 26/09/2021 06:13:39 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/7893 ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES AND PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS OF SHRUB EXPANSION IN WESTERN ALASKA By Molly Tankersley McDermott, B.A./B.S. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks August 2017 APPROVED: Pat Doak, Committee Chair Greg Breed, Committee Member Colleen Handel, Committee Member Christa Mulder, Committee Member Kris Hundertmark, Chair Department o f Biology and Wildlife Paul Layer, Dean College o f Natural Science and Mathematics Michael Castellini, Dean of the Graduate School ABSTRACT Across the Arctic, taller woody shrubs, particularly willow (Salix spp.), birch (Betula spp.), and alder (Alnus spp.), have been expanding rapidly onto tundra. Changes in vegetation structure can alter the physical habitat structure, thermal environment, and food available to arthropods, which play an important role in the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems. Not only do they provide key ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling, they are an essential food source for migratory birds. In this study I examined the relationships between the abundance, diversity, and community composition of arthropods and the height and cover of several shrub species across a tundra-shrub gradient in northwestern Alaska. To characterize nestling diet of common passerines that occupy this gradient, I used next-generation sequencing of fecal matter. Willow cover was strongly and consistently associated with abundance and biomass of arthropods and significant shifts in arthropod community composition and diversity. - 
												
												Chapter 10 • Principles of Conserving the Arctic's Biodiversity
Chapter 10 Principles of Conserving the Arctic’s Biodiversity Lead Author Michael B. Usher Contributing Authors Terry V.Callaghan, Grant Gilchrist, Bill Heal, Glenn P.Juday, Harald Loeng, Magdalena A. K. Muir, Pål Prestrud Contents Summary . .540 10.1. Introduction . .540 10.2. Conservation of arctic ecosystems and species . .543 10.2.1. Marine environments . .544 10.2.2. Freshwater environments . .546 10.2.3. Environments north of the treeline . .548 10.2.4. Boreal forest environments . .551 10.2.5. Human-modified habitats . .554 10.2.6. Conservation of arctic species . .556 10.2.7. Incorporating traditional knowledge . .558 10.2.8. Implications for biodiversity conservation . .559 10.3. Human impacts on the biodiversity of the Arctic . .560 10.3.1. Exploitation of populations . .560 10.3.2. Management of land and water . .562 10.3.3. Pollution . .564 10.3.4. Development pressures . .566 10.4. Effects of climate change on the biodiversity of the Arctic . .567 10.4.1. Changes in distribution ranges . .568 10.4.2. Changes in the extent of arctic habitats . .570 10.4.3. Changes in the abundance of arctic species . .571 10.4.4. Changes in genetic diversity . .572 10.4.5. Effects on migratory species and their management . .574 10.4.6. Effects caused by non-native species and their management .575 10.4.7. Effects on the management of protected areas . .577 10.4.8. Conserving the Arctic’s changing biodiversity . .579 10.5. Managing biodiversity conservation in a changing environment . .579 10.5.1. Documenting the current biodiversity . .580 10.5.2. - 
												
												Responses of Invertebrates to Temperature and Water Stress A
Author's Accepted Manuscript Responses of invertebrates to temperature and water stress: A polar perspective M.J. Everatt, P. Convey, J.S. Bale, M.R. Worland, S.A.L. Hayward www.elsevier.com/locate/jtherbio PII: S0306-4565(14)00071-0 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.05.004 Reference: TB1522 To appear in: Journal of Thermal Biology Received date: 21 August 2013 Revised date: 22 January 2014 Accepted date: 22 January 2014 Cite this article as: M.J. Everatt, P. Convey, J.S. Bale, M.R. Worland, S.A.L. Hayward, Responses of invertebrates to temperature and water stress: A polar perspective, Journal of Thermal Biology, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jther- bio.2014.05.004 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting galley proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. 1 Responses of invertebrates to temperature and water 2 stress: A polar perspective 3 M. J. Everatta, P. Conveyb, c, d, J. S. Balea, M. R. Worlandb and S. A. L. 4 Haywarda* a 5 School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK b 6 British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, 7 Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK 8 cNational Antarctic Research Center, IPS Building, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, 9 Malaysia 10 dGateway Antarctica, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand 11 12 *Corresponding author. - 
												
												Taxonomic Position and Status of Arctic <I>Gynaephora</I> and <I
PL-ISSN0015-5497(print),ISSN1734-9168(online) FoliaBiologica(Kraków),vol.63(2015),No4 Ó InstituteofSystematicsandEvolutionofAnimals,PAS,Kraków, 2015 doi:10.3409/fb63_4.257 TaxonomicPositionandStatusofArctic Gynaephora and Dicallomera Moths(Lepidoptera,Erebidae,Lymantriinae)* VladimirA.LUKHTANOV andOlgaA.KHRULEVA Accepted September 10, 2015 LUKHTANOV V.A., KHRULEVA O.A. 2015. Taxonomic position and status of arctic Gynaephora and Dicallomera moths (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Lymantriinae). Folia Biologica (Kraków) 63: 257-261. We use analysis of mitochondrial DNA barcodes in combination with published data on morphology to rearrange the taxonomy of two arctic species, Gynaephora groenlandica and G. rossii. We demonstrate that (1) the taxon lugens Kozhanchikov, 1948 originally described as a distinct species is a subspecies of Gynaephora rossii, and (2) the taxon kusnezovi Lukhtanov et Khruliova, 1989 originally described as a distinct species in the genus Dicallomera isasubspeciesof Gynaephora groenlandica.Wealsoprovidethefirstevidence for the occurrence of G. groenlandica in the Palearctic region (Wrangel Island). Key words: COI, DNA barcode, Gynaephora, Dicallomera, Lymantriinae, polar environments. Vladimir A. LUKHTANOV, Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian AcademyofSciences,Universitetskayanab.1,199034St.Petersburg, Russia;Departmentof Entomology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Olga A. KHRULEVA, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of Russian Academy of Sci- ences, Leninsky 33, Moscow 119071, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] The genera Gynaephora Hübner, 1819 and Di- 1835) and G. lugens Kozhanchikov, 1948, and one callomera Butler, 1881 belong to the subfamily representative of Dicallomera (D. kusnezovi Lukh- Lymantriinae of the family Erebidae (ZAHIRI et al. tanov et Khruliova, 1989) are known to be high 2012). - 
												
												INSECT: GYNAEPHORA GROENLANDICA / G. ROSSII Per Mølgaard and Dean Morewood
ITEX INSECT: GYNAEPHORA GROENLANDICA / G. ROSSII Per Mølgaard and Dean Morewood Woolly-bear caterpillars, Gynaephora groenlandica, are (Esper), is found in Europe but may not occur at tundra important predators on the leaf buds and young catkins of sites. The two North American species occur together at Salix spp. early in the season. Field observations have many sites in the Canadian Arctic and may be separated by shown a strong preference for Salix arctica, and for the the following characteristics. reproductive success as well as for vegetative growth of the willows, the number and activity of the caterpillars EGGS: Eggs themselves may be indistinguishable mor- may be of great importance. When present in the ITEX phologically; however, egg masses are often laid on co- plots, especially those with Salix spp., notes should be coons, which differ between the two species (see below). taken on the Salix sheets or on the sheets especially LARVAE: Because of their small size and their tendency designed for Gynaephora observations. to stayout of site, newly-hatched larvae are unlikely to be The life cycle of this moth is exceptional as it may encountered in the field unless found when they are still on take several years to develop from first instar larva to adult the cocoons where the eggs from which they hatched were insect. In Greenland, on Disko Island, outbreaks were seen laid. Older larvae may be separated according to the form in 1978 (Kristensen, pers. comm.) and again in 1992 and colour patterns of the larval hairs. Larvae of G. (Mølgaard pers. obs.), which indicates fluctuations with groenlandica have long hairs that range from dark brown peak populations with 14 years interval, which is similar to to golden yellow, depending on how recently they have the life cycle duration at Alexandra Fjord (Kukal and moulted, and have two distinct tufts of black followed by Kevan, 1987). - 
												
												“Phragmatobia” (Erebidae, Arctiinae)
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 149:Generic 69–88 placement (2011) of the Neotropical species of “Phragmatobia” (Erebidae, Arctiinae)... 69 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.149.2382 RESEARCH ARTICLE www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Generic placement of the Neotropical species of “Phragmatobia” (Erebidae, Arctiinae), with a remarkable matrivorous species from the Peruvian Andes B. Christian Schmidt1,†, Josef J. De Freina2,‡ 1 Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, K.W. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A 0C6 2 Eduard-Schmid Str. 10, D-81541, Munich, Germany † urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:C3C5392A-EBF8-41B9-99BE-364A8C2FBB7F ‡ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:D77A3D39-F4A4-4116-8279-5F6534826BE8 Corresponding authors: B. Christian Schmidt ([email protected]), Josef J. De Freina ([email protected]) Academic editor: D. Lafontaine | Received 10 September 2011 | Accepted 15 November 2011 | Published 24 November 2011 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6476A2E7-14C0-4E6E-B21E-4B63375BF605 Citation: Schmidt BC, De Freina JJ (2011) Generic placement of the Neotropical species of “Phragmatobia” (Erebidae, Arctiinae), with a remarkable matrivorous species from the Peruvian Andes. In: Schmidt BC, Lafontaine JD (Eds) Contributions to the systematics of New World macro-moths III. ZooKeys 149: 69–88. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.149.2382 Abstract Phragmatobia Stephens is briefly reviewed and a diagnosis is provided. The South American species cur- rently placed in Phragmatobia Stephens are revised to two new genera, Andesobia Schmidt and De Freina, gen. n., and Patagobia Schmidt and De Freina, gen. n. (subtribe Spilosomina). Both Andesobia and Patagobia exhibit adaptations to high altitude habitats, including micropterous females in Andesobia (Patagobia females are unknown) and diurnal flight of males. - 
												
												Seasonality of Some Arctic Alaskan Chironomids
SEASONALITY OF SOME ARCTIC ALASKAN CHIRONOMIDS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Shane Dennis Braegelman In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Program: Environmental and Conservation Sciences December 2015 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title Seasonality of Some Arctic Alaskan Chironomids By Shane Dennis Braegelman The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Malcolm Butler Chair Kendra Greenlee Jason Harmon Daniel McEwen Approved: June 1 2016 Wendy Reed Date Department Chair ABSTRACT Arthropods, especially dipteran insects in the family Chironomidae (non-biting midges), are a primary prey resource for many vertebrate species on Alaska’s Arctic Coastal Plain. Midge-producing ponds on the ACP are experiencing climate warming that may alter insect seasonal availability. Chironomids display highly synchronous adult emergence, with most populations emerging from a given pond within a 3-5 day span and the bulk of the overall midge community emerging over a 3-4 week period. The podonomid midge Trichotanypus alaskensis Brundin is an abundant, univoltine, species in tundra ponds near Barrow, Alaska, with adults appearing early in the annual emergence sequence. To better understand regulation of chironomid emergence phenology, we conducted experiments on pre-emergence development of T. alaskensis at different temperatures, and monitored pre-emergence development of this species under field conditions. We compared chironomid community emergence from ponds at Barrow, Alaska in the 1970s with similar data from 2009-2013 to assess changes in emergence phenology. - 
												
												Nota Lepidopterologica Index to Volumen 31 by Taxon and Author Names, with Publication Dates
©Societas Europaea Lepidopterologica; download unter http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/ und www.zobodat.at Nota lepid. 31 (2): 297-299 301 Nota lepidopterologica index to volumen 31 by taxon and author names, with publication dates Publication dates of volume 31 No. 1: p. 1-162: 15. 05. 2008; No. 2: p. 163-299: 15. 11. 2008 Contents Agassiz, D. 2008 (15. xi.). Anthophila massaicae sp. n. (Choreutidae) a remarkable case of par- allel evolution. 31 (2): 227-230. Altermatt, F. 2008 (15. v.). A new species of Agdistis Hübner, 1825 from Tajikistan (Pteropho- ridae). 31 (1): 65-68. Bella, S. 2008 (15. v.). Caryocolum siculum sp. n. (Gelechiidae), feeding on Gypsophila (Caryo- phyllaceae) in Sicily. 31 (1): 69-75. Benyamini, D. 2008 (15.xi.). Is Eiichloe falloui Allard, 1867 (Pieridae) the butterfly with the longest diapause? 31 (2): 293-295. Bidzilya, O. & Karshoh, O. 2008 (15.xi.). New data on Anomologini from Palaearctic Asia (Gelechiidae). 31 (2): 199-213. Coene, H. A. & Vis. R. 2008 (15.xi.). Contribution to the butterfly fauna of Yunnan, China (Hes- peroidea, Papilionoidea). 31 (2): 231-262. Dincä, v., Székely, L., Kovacs, S., Kovacs, Z. & Vila, R. 2008 (15. xi.). Pyrgus andromedae (Wallengren, 1853) (Hesperiidae) in the Romanian Carpathians. 31 (2): 263-272. Dincä, V. & Vila, R. 2008 (15. v.). Improving the knowledge on Romanian Rhopalocera, includ- ing the rediscovery of Polyoimnatus amandus (Schneider, 1792) (Lycaenidae) and an ap- plication of DNA-based identification. 31 (1): 3-23. Dolinskaya, I. V 2008 (15.xi.). Taxonomic variation in larval mandibular structure in Palaearctic Notodontidae (Noctuoidea). 31 (2): 165-177. - 
												
												Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control ASSESSING HOST RANGES FOR PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS USED FOR CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: A GUIDE TO BEST PRACTICE R. G. Van Driesche and R. Reardon, Editors Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2004-03 Department of Service September 2004 Agriculture __________________________________ ASSESSING HOST RANGES OF PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION PREDICTING HOST RANGES OF PARASITOIDS AND PREDACIOUS INSECTS—WHAT ARE THE ISSUES? R. G. Van Driesche Department of Plant, Soil and Insect Science: Division of Entomology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA [email protected] GOALS FOR HOST RANGE TESTING Estimating the likely nontarget impacts of agents released to suppress invasive plants has been legally required, to one degree or another, for many decades. Similar predictions were not formally required for introductions of parasitoids or predators of pest arthropods. That is now beginning to change. This book has as its goal an exploration of how such estimates can best be made. This requires overcoming a series of problems, some logistical, some technical, some tied to an unclear theoretical framework for the activity. In this book, the editors and authors have tried to address many of these needs, in some chapters as essays on important tasks that need to be achieved, in other chapters as case history explorations of how the tasks were done in particular cases. This book will not be the final answer, but we hope it might propel the search for such an answer along. LEGAL REQUIREMENTS Whether or not predicting the host ranges of parasitoids and predators is legally required varies among countries. - 
												
												Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team
Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER Biological Control ASSESSING HOST RANGES FOR PARASITOIDS AND PREDATORS USED FOR CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: A GUIDE TO BEST PRACTICE R. G. Van Driesche, T. Murray, and R. Reardon (Eds.) Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team—Morgantown, West Virginia United States Forest FHTET-2004-03 Department of Service September 2004 Agriculture he Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team (FHTET) was created in 1995 Tby the Deputy Chief for State and Private Forestry, USDA, Forest Service, to develop and deliver technologies to protect and improve the health of American forests. This book was published by FHTET as part of the technology transfer series. http://www.fs.fed.us/foresthealth/technology/ Cover photo: Syngaster lepidus Brullè—Timothy Paine, University of California, Riverside. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at 202-720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326-W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, D.C. 20250-9410 or call 202-720-5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for information only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. - 
												
												The Tachinid Times February 2014, Issue 27 INSTRUCTIONS to AUTHORS Chief Editor James E
Table of Contents Articles Studying tachinids at the top of the world. Notes on the tachinids of Northeast Greenland 4 by T. Roslin, J.E. O’Hara, G. Várkonyi and H.K. Wirta 11 Progress towards a molecular phylogeny of Tachinidae, year two by I.S. Winkler, J.O. Stireman III, J.K. Moulton, J.E. O’Hara, P. Cerretti and J.D. Blaschke On the biology of Loewia foeda (Meigen) (Diptera: Tachinidae) 15 by H. Haraldseide and H.-P. Tschorsnig 20 Chasing tachinids ‘Down Under’. Expeditions of the Phylogeny of World Tachinidae Project. Part II. Eastern Australia by J.E. O’Hara, P. Cerretti, J.O. Stireman III and I.S. Winkler A new range extension for Erythromelana distincta Inclan (Tachinidae) 32 by D.J. Inclan New tachinid records for the United States and Canada 34 by J.E. O’Hara 41 Announcement 42 Tachinid Bibliography 47 Mailing List Issue 27, 2014 The Tachinid Times February 2014, Issue 27 INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS Chief Editor JAMES E. O'HARA This newsletter accepts submissions on all aspects of tach- inid biology and systematics. It is intentionally maintained as a InDesign Editor OMBOR MITRA non-peer-reviewed publication so as not to relinquish its status as Staff JUST US a venue for those who wish to share information about tachinids in an informal medium. All submissions are subjected to careful editing and some are (informally) reviewed if the content is thought ISSN 1925-3435 (Print) to need another opinion. Some submissions are rejected because ISSN 1925-3443 (Online) they are poorly prepared, not well illustrated, or excruciatingly bor- ing. - 
												
												Moths of Alaska
Zootaxa 3571: 1–25 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press Article ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C1B7C5DB-D024-4A3F-AA8B-582C87B1DE3F A Checklist of the Moths of Alaska CLIFFORD D. FERRIS1, JAMES J. KRUSE2, J. DONALD LAFONTAINE3, KENELM W. PHILIP4, B. CHRISTIAN SCHMIDT5 & DEREK S. SIKES6 1 5405 Bill Nye Avenue, R.R.#3, Laramie, WY 82070. Research Associate: McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; C. P. Gillette Museum of Arthropod Diversity, Colorado State Uni- versity, Ft. Collins, CO. cdferris @uwyo.edu 2 USDA Forest Service, State & Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection, Fairbanks Unit, 3700 Airport Way, Fairbanks, AK; Research Associate: University of Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK. [email protected] 3 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes, Biodiversity Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. E. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6. [email protected] 4 1590 Becker Ridge Rd., Fairbanks, AK, 99709. Senior Research Scientist, Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK; Research Associate: University of Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK; National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. [email protected] 5 Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes, Biodiversity Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. E. Neatby Bldg., 960 Carling Ave., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A 0C6. [email protected] 6 University of Alaska Museum, 907 Yukon Drive, Fairbanks, AK 99775-6960. [email protected] Abstract This article represents the first published complete checklist of the moth taxa, resident and occasional, recorded to date for Alaska.