A

GLOBAL / COUNTRY STUDY AND REPORT

ON

“United Arab Emirates”

Submitted to

PARUL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH-2nd shift

(Formerly Dr. J. K. Patel Institute of Management)

Institute Code: 792

IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE

REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE DEGREE OF

MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION

In

Gujarat Technological University

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Faculty Guide

Ms. KRISHNA GOR

Assistant Professor

Submitted by

Batch: 2011-13, MBA SEMESTER IV

(Parul Institute of Management & Research-2nd shift)

MBA PROGRAMME

Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University

Ahmedabad

June 2013

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PREFACE

To become a manager in future passing the theoretical subjects is not enough. The subjects are the bases for our carrier from which we can strengthen our knowledge to apply it in real world. The GCSR project provides the platform of opportunity to know the current market situation, various factors affecting the industrial and economic performance and the behavior of environment. It gives the opportunity where we can apply the theory knowledge in real world and so that we can be a successful manager in future. This changed the market structure, character and focus of marketing strategies.

MBA is a course where unlike many other courses practical studies are accompanied together with theoretical studies, case analysis and preparation of various reports, giving presentations on various topics are a vital part of the practical studies in this course.

The preparation of the GCSR is one such part of the practical studies here. For this purpose we are required to select one particular topic related to a country or trade and prepare a report through study research.

As the student of management it is learning experience to analyze a trade. It is the most essential for us to expose our skill as a future responsible management post.

So, we have decided to go for detail study of country “United Arab Emirates”.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

No task is a single man’s effort cooperation and coordination of various people at various places goes into successful implementation. It is great pleasure to have the opportunity to extend our heart-felt thanks to everybody who helped us through the successful completion of this project.

We wish to take this opportunity to express our deep gratitude to the persons that have helped, encouraged, inspired and enlightened us with their constructive ideas and overall support towards the completion of this project successfully.

We are highly indebted to PROF. KRISHNA GOR for her guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for her support in completing the project.

We would like to express gratitude towards all members of Parul Institute of Management and Research for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help us in completion of our project.

We also would like to express our special gratitude and thanks to DIRECTOR DR. P G K MURTHY for giving us such attention and time.

Our thanks and an appreciation also goes to our group members and classmates in developing the project and people who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PREFACE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Sr. No. Particulars Page numbers

Part -1 ECONOMIC OVERVIEW OF THE SELECTED COUNTRY (United Arab Emirates)

1 Demographic Profile of the Country 5-21

2 Economic Overview of the Country 3 Overview of Industries Trade and Commerce 4 Overview Different economic sectors of selected country 5 Overviews of Business and Trade at International Level 6 INDIA-UAE Trade Relations 7 SWOT Analysis 8 PESTEL Analysis

Part -2 MICRO ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRY/SECTOR 9 Oil & Gas Industry 23-27 10 Diamond Industry 28-40 11 Textile Industry 41-49 12 Food Industry 50-59 13 Construction Industry 60-70 14 Retail Industry 71-87 15 Petro Chemical Industry 88-98 16 Tourism Industry 99-126 17 Conclusions & Summary 127-129 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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PART – I ECONOMIC OVERVIEW

OF THE SELECTED COUNTRY (United Arab Emirates)

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Full Country Name: United Arab Emirates Area: 83,600 sq km; 77,700 sq km excluding islands, of which 97% is desert Population: 8.26 million (National Bureau of Statistics, March 2011) Capital City: Abu Dhabi Largest city: Dubai People: Of the total 8.26 million residents, less than 20% are Emirati, more than one-third are South Asian, and a significant number are from Europe and North Africa. Languages: Arabic. English is widely understood and Hindi and Urdu are common among immigrants. Religion(s): Islam is the official religion, and broadly practiced. The majority of Emirati citizens are Sunni Muslim with a Shi'a minority. Many foreigners are Muslim. Hindus and Christians make up a portion of the U.A.E.'s foreign population Life expectancy: 76 years(men), 78 years(women) Currency: 1 UAE Dirham = 100 fils Main exports: oil and gas Internet domain: .ae International dialling code: +971 Major political parties: Political parties are not permitted Form of State: Federation of seven emirates Head of State: Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed al-Nahyan. The Supreme Council, comprising the seven emirs, elects the president from among its members. President: Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed

Prime Minister/Premier: Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum

Location of the country in map : in the southeast of the Arabian Peninsula.

A federation of 7 emirates bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia, An emirate is a political territory ruled by a dynastic Muslim Monarch

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Distance from India to uae : 6,08.2 km – N-40 (3 days 8 hours)

Government: The Supreme Council appoints the Council of Ministers (cabinet), led by the Prime Minister. Foreign Minister: Sheikh Abdullah Bin Zayed Al Nahyan

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1. Demographic Profile of UAE

1. Population: 5,314,317 (July 2012 est.) (Note: estimate is based on the results of the 2005 census that included a significantly higher estimation of net immigration of non-citizens than previous estimates)

2. Age structure :  0-14 years: 20.4% (male 537,925/female 513,572)  15-64 years: 78.7% (male 2,968,958/female 1,080,717)  65 years and over: 0.9% (male 30,446/female 17,046) (Note: 73.9% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2011 est.))

3. Median age  Total: 30.2 years  Male: 32.1 years  Female: 24.9 years (2011 est.)

4. Population growth rate: 3.055% (2011 est.)

5. Birth rate: 15.76 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)

6. Death rate: 2.04 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)

7. Net migration rate: 16.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)

8. Urbanization  Urban population: 84% of total population (2010)  Rate of urbanization: 2.3% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)  Major cities – population: ABU DHABI (capital) 666,000 (2009)

9. Sex ratio

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 At birth: 1.05 male(s)/female  Under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female  15-64 years: 2.75 male(s)/female  65 years and over: 1.77 male(s)/female  Total population: 2.19 male(s)/female (2011 est.)

10. Infant mortality rate  Total: 11.59 deaths/1,000 live births  Male: 13.54 deaths/1,000 live births  Female: 9.55 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)

11. Life expectancy at birth  Total population: 76.71 years  Male: 74.12 years  Female: 79.42 years (2011 est.)

12. Total fertility rate: 2.38 children born/woman (2011 est.)  HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate: 0.2% (2001 est.)  HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS: NA  HIV/AIDS – deaths: NA

13. Nationality  Noun: Emirati(s)  Adjective: Emirati

14. Ethnic groups: Emirati 19%, other Arab and Iranian 23%, South Asian 50%, other expatriates (includes Westerners and East Asians) 8% (1982) (Note: less than 20% are UAE citizens (1982))

15. Religions: Muslim (Islam - official) 96% (Shia 16%), other (includes Christian, Hindu) 4%

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16. Languages: Arabic (official), Persian, English, Hindi, Urdu

17. Literacy  Definition: age 15 and over can read and write  Total population: 77.9%  Male: 76.1%  Female: 81.7% (2003 est.)

18. School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)  Total: 13 years  Male: 13 years  Female: 14 years (2009) 19. Education expenditures: 1.2% of GDP (2009)

20. Maternal mortality rate: 10 deaths/100,000 live births (2008)

21. Health expenditures: 2.8% of GDP (2009)

22. Physicians density: 1.93 physicians/1,000 population (2007)

23. Hospital bed density: 1.9 beds/1,000 population (2008)

24. Obesity - adult prevalence rate: 33.7% (2000)

2. Economic Overview of UAE

Basic Economic Facts (Economist Intelligence Unit, July 2011) GDP: USD360 billion Annual Growth: 2.1% Inflation: 0.9% Major Industries: Oil, gas, Petrochemicals, manufacturing & construction

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Major Trading Partners: Exports: Japan, India, Iran, South Korea, Thailand. Imports: India, China, US, Germany & Japan. Aid & Development: None Exchange Rate: AED 3.67 = USD 1.00 (February 2012) The UAE has one of the highest GDP's per head in the world. Although it is still profoundly dependent on revenues from hydrocarbons, the UAE is comparatively well insulated from periods of low oil prices due to successful moves towards economic diversification, large foreign exchange reserves and investments in foreign countries . The global economic crisis is being felt in the UAE with a number of projects being either shelved or cancelled. There have been redundancies across all sectors, and mainly in construction. The lack of funds and credit, while mild as compared to Europe and the US is beginning to have an effect. Abu Dhabi has approximately 10% of the world's proven oil reserves and 5% of the gas. The Emirate also has an impressive investment portfolio financed from oil income. Dubai is different. Its hydrocarbon reserves are far more limited, and therefore its economy is more diverse - based on a vision of making Dubai the region’s business, logistics, media & leisure hub. The Northern Emirates fair less well, though Sharjah and Rasal Khaimah have established themselves as bases for manufacturing and Fujairah is starting to make more of its East Coast location. The Northern Emirates are to a greater or lesser extent, dependent on Abu Dhabi and funds from the Federal Government.

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UAE GDP to grow 4.2% in 2012

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3. Overview of Industries Trade and Commerce

The UAE became a contracting party to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1994, and subsequently became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in April of 1996. This engagement with international organizations stems from the UAE’s commitment to international trade and its obligations under the multilateral trade policy regime. Today, the UAE has regulations in place that aim to strengthen the country’s position as an open economy, one that welcomes international trade and competition.

Main Industry  Petroleum and petrochemicals;  Fishing,  Aluminum,  Cement,  Fertilizers,  Commercial ship repair,  Construction materials,  Boat building,  Handicrafts,  Textiles

Major Trading Partners

Exports: Japan, India, Iran, South Korea, Thailand.

Imports: India, China, US, Germany, Japan.

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4. Overview Different Economic Sectors of UAE

Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing As a result of adverse climatic conditions (nutrient-poor soil, extreme aridity, and high summer temperatures) in the UAE, in 2005 agriculture represented a relatively small portion (an estimated 3 percent) of the country’s gross domestic product. Employment in the agricultural sector occupied only approximately 7 percent of the employed population in 2005, but because a relatively high proportion of UAE nationals are employed in farming, the sector receives a disproportionate share of government subsidies at both the federal and local levels. Dates remain the UAE’s major crop in terms of area cultivated, but the production of vegetables has increased dramatically, particularly in Abu Dhabi, and currently generates the most revenue. Other major products are eggs, dairy products, and poultry.

Mining and Minerals The UAE’s economy is dominated by the oil and gas sector, which accounts for more than 30 percent of total gross domestic product. The Supreme Petroleum Council, headed by the crown prince of Abu Dhabi, has ultimate control over energy policy in the UAE. Despite the crown prince’s commitment to diversifying the economy by reducing dependency on oil, the UAE government is investing billions of dollars to increase crude oil capacity from approximately 2.7 million barrels per day in 2006 to 4 million barrels per day by2010.

Industry and Manufacturing Industry (including mining, manufacturing, construction, and power) accounted for An estimated 54.2 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) in 2005 and employed almost 36 percent of the workforce in that year. The major heavy industries in the UAE are related to oil and gas, and the bulk of the manufacturing industry is centered in the Jabal Ali Free Zone in Dubai and the Jabal az Zannah-Ar Runways industrial zone in Abu Dhabi. The main products are liquefied petroleum gas, distillate fuel oils, and jet fuels. Manufacturing constituted 12.9 percent of GDP in 2004 and employed 13 percent of the workforce in that year. Aluminum has emerged

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Energy In 1997, in response to the UAE’s rising demand for electric power, coupled with volatile swings in peak loads, the Abu Dhabi government formed the Privatization Committee for the Water and Electricity Sector to assess the emirate’s energy requirements and consider privatization as an option. This committee recommended that Abu Dhabi’s water and electricity department be changed to a semi-autonomous regulatory body, the Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA), and that the emirate’s power stations be partially or totally privatized. The privatization of

Services According to the UAE government, the services sector (including financial enterprises and government services) produced 43.1 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP) in 2004and 40.4 percent of GDP in 2005. This sector employed more than 1.4 million persons in 2004and almost 1.5 million in 2005, which is approximately 60 percent of the total workforce.

Banking and Finance The UAE Central Bank was established in 1980 to direct monetary, credit, and banking policy. It maintains the UAE government’s reserves of gold and foreign currencies, acts as the bank for banks operating in the UAE, and serves as the state’s financial agent at international financial institutions. In response to pressure from the World Trade Organization to open the banking sector to more foreign competition, in late 2004 the UAE central Bank stated that it would consider allowing new foreign banks to establish themselves in the UAE for the first time in 20 years.

Tourism The primary source of the UAE’s rapidly growing tourism sector is the Dubai Emirate, which hosts the world’s tallest hotel. According to the UAE government, Dubai’s tourism revenue exceeds its oil revenue. The emirate’s 302 hotels hosted 6.4 million visitors from India, Pakistan, Iran, Lebanon, the Philippines, Europe, Australia, and South Africa in2006.

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Education in UAE The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is the Gulf States located in the Middle East. UAE is primary an Islamic region and shares many of the educational procedures and traditions of the other Gulf State Countries. UAE belong to the Arab Bureau of schooling for the Gulf States which meets to discuss the Gulf State countries curriculum and procedures. United Arab Emirates (UAE) public educational spending is 27.43%, which ranks 7th in the world in spite of the high spending on education, UAE has the lowly literacy rate out of all the Gulf States at 77.9%. Compared to the United States rate of 99%, the UAE has a long way to go to match the educational statistics of the western culture. The small overall literacy rate can be confusing due to the majority of that rate being over the age of 25. The far above the ground spending in education has paid off for the younger production, general public from 15-24 have a literacy rate of 97%, far better than the overall average rate of 77.9%. Community education is free for male and female citizen children through university level. The UAE has one of the lowly student-to-teacher ratios (15; 1) in the world. Education is compulsory through the ninth grade, even if, according to the U.S. sector of State, this requirement is not enforced.

5. Overviews of Business and Trade at International Level

Foreign Economic Relations In 1977 the Arab Monetary Fund (AMF), based in Abu Dhabi, was established by 20 Arab states to provide loans to member states, primarily for balance-of payments support. In 1981 the UAE joined with Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, and Oman to form the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The UAE’s closest relations within the GCC are with its major trading partner, Oman.

Imports Imports totaled US$80.2 billion in 2005 and are projected to increase to US$86 billion in 2006, US$94.6 billion in 2007, and US$104.1 billion in 2008. Principal imports are machinery and electrical equipment, precious stones and precious metals, and transport equipment. The principal source of UAE imports in 2005 was

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China (9.9 percent of the total). Other major countries of origin included the United Kingdom, the United States, and India.

Exports In 2005 UAE exports totaled US$126.5 billion; this number is projected to increase to US$132.9 billion in 2006, as a result of record oil prices and the growth of non-oil exports, and to US$137.3 billion in 2007 and US$143.7 billion in 2008. According to official balance-of payments statistics, oil and gas exports account for almost 60 percent of the UAE’s total export revenues (including re-exports). Non-oil sectors of the economy contribute approximately 40percent of the country’s total exports. The primary destinations of UAE exports in 2005 were Japan (26 percent of total exports), South Korea, Thailand, and India.

6. INDIA-UAE Trade Relations

India and United Arab Emirates (UAE) enjoy strong bonds of friendship which are founded on millennia-old cultural, religious and economic intercourse between the two regions. People-to-people contacts and barter trade between the two regions have existed for centuries. The relationship flourished after the accession of H.H. Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan as the Ruler of Abu Dhabi in 1966 and subsequently with the creation of the UAE Federation in 1971. Both sides have made sincere efforts to improve relations in all fields.

India has signed the following treaties with the UAE  Extradition Treaty, Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty in Criminal Matters & Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty in Civil Matters: Signed in New Delhi in October, 1999 provide for Extradition and Mutual Legal Assistance in Civil and Criminal Matters and came into force in May 2000.  Agreement on Juridical and Judicial Cooperation in civil and commercial matters: Signed in New Delhi in October, 1999 and provides for Juridical and Judicial Cooperation in Civil and Commercial Matters, came into force on 29.5.2000.

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 Agreement to Combat Trafficking in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances: Signed in New Delhi on January 6, 1994, provide for exchange of information through nodal agencies on smugglers, suspects, financiers, organizers and those involved in trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.  Civil Aviation Agreement: Signed in March 1989, provides for establishing air services between and beyond India and the UAE  Cultural Agreement: Signed on January 3, 1975 provides for Cultural Exchange Programmes. The last Cultural Exchange Programme under this agreement covered the years 1994 to 1996.  Defense Cooperation Agreement: Signed in June 2003 in New Delhi, provides for cooperation between the two countries in matters related to security and defense and for annual meetings of 'Strategic Dialogue'.  Information Cooperation Agreement: Signed in New Delhi in April 2000 between the Emirates News Agency (WAM) and the Press Trust of India (PTI), provides for cooperation and exchange of news.  Channel Carriage Agreement: Signed on 24.09.2000 at Abu Dhabi between the Directorate General of Doordarshan Broadcasting Corporation of India [Prasar Bharati] and the Emirates Cable TV and Multimedia LLC [E-Vision] provides for the down-linking and distribution of DD World signals in the UAE through E- Vision's cable network.  MoU on Manpower Sourcing signed in December 2006

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7. SWOT Analysis

Strength  The UAE is an element of the Gulf Co-operation Council, which being a common market can access the GCC market with common favorable terms.  The UAE has one of the most tolerant trade regimes in the Gulf, and attracts strong capital flows from across the region.  In general with most Gulf States, there are a high number of expatriate workers at all levels of the economy, making up for the otherwise small workforce. Weakness  The UAE’S currency is peg to the dollar, giving it minimum control over monetary policy and reducing its ability to tackle inflationary pressure. Opportunities  Oil prices expected to stay high (by historical standards).  Economic diversification into gas, going to places of interest, financial services and high- tech industry offers some protection against volatile oil prices.  The structure, tourism and financial sectors are growing rapidly, driven by domestic and foreign Investment. Threats  Some bottlenecks have been form in the construction sector and there is a chance of delays in several high – profile construction projects.

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8. PESTEL Analysis

. Political analysis

The UAE government is considered to have a steady policy-making agenda. The country is also one of the first Gulf countries to have conducted partial elections in the region. However, the absence of democratic institutions and weak relations with Iran now pose problems for the government.

Economic analysis

The state budget surpluses that the UAE enjoys have been driven by high oil prices; two-thirds of the UAE’s fiscal revenues are accrued from oil and gas sales. The government's high degree of dependence on exports of these resources for its revenues makes it vulnerable to oil price movements, and it has realized that in the long term more reliable sources of tax revenues will be required. The economy's overdependence on oil revenues is now causing the government to be concerned about future sustainability.

Social analysis

The country has a low level of unemployment and an abundance of semi- skilled youth workers for its labor markets. However, low literacy and a lack of proper facilities for education are dogging the social system. Furthermore, the government's expenditure on coaching is low.

Technological analysis

The country has a strong telecommunication network with state-of-the-art technologies. As a result, it is attracting entrants to its IT market at a rapidly increasing pace. However, poor science education and a lack of R&D facilities are a hindrance to technological development.

Legal analysis

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The UAE is one of the few tax-free zones in the world, with virtually no tax laws in the country, and the country has also improved its policy towards the industrial sector. However, the federation’s company ownership laws still act as a hurdle to foreign direct investment (FDI) flows and continuous government interference in business affairs can stifle the performance of businesses in the country.

Environmental analysis

The country has a strong integrated environmental development program, with supporting economic policies. Its ecological procedures are integrated with the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) program, which is part of business practice in the UAE. However, the increasing level of emissions is still a concern, with the country being one of the largest producers of oil in the world.

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PART – II MICRO ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRY/SECTOR OF UNITED ARAB EMIRATES

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OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY OF UAE

By far the biggest deposits of oil in the Emirates have been found in Abu Dhabi. The emirate controls more than 85 per cent of the UAE’s oil output capacity and more than 90 per cent of its reserves. As oil exports began in the late 1950s and early 1960s, it was still a largely undeveloped desert emirate inhabited by nomads, pearl divers and fishermen. The ruler’s fort was the only building of substance on Abu Dhabi island, the site of the city today. There were no roads or basic amenities. Expatriate workers from Bahrain or Kuwait – where the petroleum industry was much more advanced – were flown in on small aircraft which landed on runways of flattened sand mixed with oil. In 1966, when Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan became ruler, there were fewer than 20,000 people living in Abu Dhabi.

The UAE along with other GCC nations have undertaken significant expansion projects in order to increase production capacity and maintain market stability. The UAE continues to significantly increase its production to supply the global energy markets. While some OPEC nations and many non-OPEC nations have seen production declines over the last five years, the UAE has increased its total production of crude oil by approximately 31 percent.

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Consumption and Exports of Oil in UAE (2001-08) (in thousand barrels/day)

UAE does not have huge gas reserves hence the exports of gas are less then consumption. Most of the gas produced is natural and is used mainly for internal consumption. Internal consumption has increased at a CAGR of 9% from 2001 to 2008. Increasing industrialization, population and building construction sector are the key drivers for this growth. Exports have decreased mainly due to increase in internal consumption and extreme competition which UAE faces with Qatar and Iran.

UAE continues to identify new projects in the upstream oil and gas sector which aims to boost the nation's crude oil production capacity to nearly 4 million barrels per day by 2020, which would amount to an additional increase of approximately 40 percent over current production levels.

Under the UAE's constitution, each emirate controls its own oil production and resource development. Dubai Petroleum Company (DPC) is the main upstream operator in Dubai. The state owned Dubai Natural Gas Company (DUGAS) is responsible for processing natural gas produced in Dubai's offshore oil fields as well

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 24 as the gas pipes from Sharjah. The second main producer is Abu Dhabi Marine Operating Company (ADMA-OPCO).

Percentage share of Key Upstream players

ADNOC is the leading company in UAE producing maximum oil in the region based out of Abu Dhabi giving it is oil rich status. ADNOC has a range of almost 14 companies refining oil and manufacturing petroleum products under it. Players like Enoc, Japan Oil, Exxon Mobil as fast growing companies which are making their mark in manufacturing quality products and increasing the exports of the country.

This system is capable of supplying more than 300 million cubic feet of gas per day and has the capacity to meet all customers' needs well into the 21st century.

UAE has maintained its strong hold in oil exports capitalizing on its huge reserves. Increasing industrialization, inflow of industries, increase in automotive traffic etc has led to increase in internal consumption of oil as well. Oil consumption has grown at a CAGR of 8% from 2001 to 2008. Growth in exports has been more or less constant and there has seen a steady increase of 1 - 2 % year on year where 2003 and 2006 saw high increases of 14% and 8% respectively. Financial crisis in 2008 lead to decline in oil prices and had an adverse impact on the exports resulting in a decline.

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Potential for import / export in India / Gujarat Market

UAE companies are in talk with Gujarat Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd (GACL) Proposes to set up caustic soda facility in UAE.

State -owned Gujarat Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd (GACL), the country’s largest caustic soda manufacturer, is in talks with a UAE-based business group for setting up a caustic soda manufacturing facility in the UAE.

The Rs 1,200-crore GACL has asked the foreign player to conduct a market survey to assess the demand for caustic-chlorine products in the UAE.

The GACL officials were in Dubai recently to take this further. “The UAE-based entity had approached GACL seeking its co-operation to establish a caustic soda manufacturing plant in the UAE. Currently, a market survey is being carried out on the type of ancillary industries present there and the requirement of caustic and chlorine in the UAE,” sources close to the development told Business Standard.

They said the nature of collaboration would be finalised only after the results of the survey were out. The market survey is likely to take around four months. While the name of the group is not known, it is a leading business houses with operations in the UAE. GACL is also said to be open to the idea of joining hands with the foreign player.

GACL managing director Guruprasad Mohapatra believes that there is a good potential for caustic soda and chlor-alkali business in the West Asia. “If things work out, the production capacity of the plant may be in the range of 750 tonnes per day (tpd) to 1,000 tpd,” sources said.

Future Outlook of Oil & Gas Sector

UAE with roughly 8% of the global resources and oil to last for 100 years is definitely at an enviable position. Given the high global demand for energy and supply and

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 26 increased reliance of transportation sector on oil, economic growth will continue to be strong due to oil revenues.

UAE economy has been in a state of boom of the past eight years with the GDP recording double growth rates in each successive year. Despite largely successful efforts at economic diversification, nearly 40% of GDP is directly based on oil and gas output. A number of challenges face the UAE, some relating to the oil industry itself, and others concerning the economic management of the oil wealth. Aside from the need for a large capital infusion into the industry, UAE has the additional challenge of using the sector as a vehicle for increasing intraregional trade. The most important challenge, however, lies in designing appropriate macroeconomic policies to ensure that the oil wealth is managed effectively.

The oil market this year in 2009 has been strongly impacted by the financial crisis, global recession and resulting erosion in world oil demand. These factors have substantially magnified the uncertainties affecting the market and contributed significantly to volatility.

The UAE's anti-crisis stimulus measures as a percentage of (GDP) are the largest among global emerging markets and is set to boost liquidity. The UAE Central Bank has put in place two support packages worth Dh120 bn and has also guaranteed bank deposits and allowed lenders to perform dirham-dollar swaps. The Abu Dhabi Government pumped about Dh16 bn into a recapitalization exercise involving five banks. These measures constitute about 16% of the country's 2008 GDP. Measures taken by bank, positive signs of economic recovery and the recent surge in oil prices due to OPEC production cuts has contributed to reviving investor confidence. This coupled with increased demand of oil and gas from developing economies is set to give an optimistic look to the UAE oil and gas sector. World oil consumption is expected to rise for the first time in two years in 2010 as a recovery in the global economy boosts demand. As one of the fastest growing economies in the world, the outlook for the UAE economy is very positive and this scenario is likely to continue in the foreseeable future.

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DIAMOND INDUSTRY OF UAE

Dubai emerges as world’s 3rd largest diamond hub

Dubai is set to reinforce its position as the world's third largest diamond trading hub with the value of 2011 trading set to surpass the $35 billion mark achieved in 2010, Ahmed bin Sulayem, Executive Chairman of Dubai Multi Commodities Centre, or DMCC, said on Monday. From $20 billion in 2009, the value of Dubai's vibrant diamond trade rose to $35 billion in 2010, and this year it is poised to scale new highs, bin Sulayem said at a press briefing to announce the 8th Dubai City of Gold.

Dubai hosts inaugural pearl auction

Dozens of containers filled with pearls sat in rows on a long line of tables while more than 100 buyers from 20 countries milled about. The auction, which featured pearls ranging in color from champagne to steel-grey, was a low-key affair held at the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre; no gavels, no frantic bids, just the sound of pearls clinking against each other and muted chatter. The atmosphere, however, belied the true weight of the business being conducted.

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Dubai diamond trade rises 22% to 182m carats

Dubai Diamond Exchange (DDE), a subsidiary of Dubai Multi Commodities Centre Authority (DMCCA), yesterday announced that the total diamond trade in the emirate reached 182 million carats in 2009, 22 per cent more than the 2008 figures. According to figures from the Dubai World Statistics Department, a total of 80 million carats of polished diamonds were traded through the emirate in 2009 increasing by more than 150 per cent from 2008 when 32 million carats were traded. Rough diamond trade.

Dubai records 99.6 million worth of pearl trade in 2009

Dubai Pearl Exchange (DPE), a subsidiary of Dubai Multi Commodities Centre Authority (DMCCA), announced today that a total of Dh99.6 million worth of pearls was transacted in Dubai in 2009. According to statistics from Dubai World Statistics Department, the pearl trade rose from Dh95 million to Dh99.6 million last year, driven by a 30 percent increase in imports. These figures are especially impressive given the extremely tough economic conditions that were expected to impact the trade.

Pearl Dubai, Sotheby’s Tie-up

Pearl Dubai, developers of the 20 million sq ft sustainable Dubai Pearl integrated destination overlooking the Palm Jumeirah, announced a tie-up with Singapore Sotheby's International Realty to leverage its luxury real estate network of offices across Asia for promoting the upscale development to high net-worth individuals.

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Dubai Pearl will commence a road-show across key Asian hubs in collaboration with Singapore Sotheby's International Realty. Expected to begin in March 2010.

New diamond boiling facility set up

A specialized plant for removing dirt and trace materials from rough and polished diamonds has been set up at the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre's (DMCC) Almas Tower, the Dubai Diamond Exchange (DDE) announced yesterday. The state-of-the- art diamond boiling facility will be used to ensure that diamonds reach their highest potential value. Boiling companies have existed to assist the rough diamond trade since the stones started to be mined on a large scale.

Dubai, Angola explore opportunities to promote diamond trade

Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC) announced on Sunday that it has begun exploring opportunities to strengthen ties with Angola in the area of diamond trade. Dubai's delegation, comprising Ahmed Bin Sulayem, Executive Chairman of DMCC, Peter Meeus, Chairman of Dubai Diamond Exchange and Paul Motmans, an expert on the Angolan economy, met with senior government officials of Angola at a high- profile dinner meeting in Luanda, Angloa, earlier this month.

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Giant diamond showcased in Dubai

A giant rough diamond mined from South Africa, and expected to be snapped up by a local buyer, was named in Dubai yesterday. The diamond, a 478-carat white gem, measuring more than five centimeters long and worth upwards of Dh36.7 million (US$10m) was named after the Lesotho mine where it was uncovered in December: the Leseli La Letseng, or Light of Letseng. It is the 20th largest diamond in the world. "The naming of what could become the largest-ever polished round diamond is another.

Dubai colored stones market shows strong growth potential

The colored stones market is set to expand faster than other jewellery categories in the next five years, according to a new survey released yesterday by the Dubai Gems Club (DGC), a subsidiary of the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC). The findings of the survey were released at the ICA International Gem Fair 2008, the region's first dedicated colored stones trade show, being held in Dubai this week. The research, a first for the region's colored stones industry.

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Dubai to host world's first Pearl Forum

The Dubai Pearl Exchange, a subsidiary of the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC), announced that it would host the first-ever World Pearl Forum, with the objective of bringing together the global pearl sector, and addressing ways to grow the worldwide market for pearl jewellery. The initiative, sponsored by Dubai World, is in accordance with DMCC's continuing effort to revitalize the global pearl trade, and build on Dubai's historic status as the pearl centre of the Gulf.

Dubai's rough diamond trade reaches US$3.03bn in first half 2008

Dubai's total trade of rough diamonds increased by 36% to reach US$3.03bn at the end of the first six months of 2008, according to Dubai Diamond Exchange (DDE), a subsidiary of the Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC). During the first six months of 2008, rough diamond imports to the Emirate grew by 23% to reach US$1.15bn from US$937m, during the same period in 2007. This was mainly driven by high volumes imported from Angola (75%), and a 138% rise in imports from China.

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Dubai and Thailand explore trade opportunities for colored stones

Dubai Multi Commodities Centre (DMCC) and the Thai Gem and Jewellery Traders Association (TGJTA) signed an agreement Wednesday, making TGJTA the first affiliate member of the Dubai Gems Club (DGC), a strategic initiative of the Colored Stones and Pearls Division at DMCC. This agreement will boost trade opportunities between Dubai and Thailand, both fast-emerging markets for gems and colored stones.

Company Information:

Overview:

Headquartered in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Damas is the Middle East’s leading international jewellery and watch retailer. Founded in 1907, the company today operates more than 300 stores distributed across 12 countries, most of which are located in the GCC region. The company has grown from a UAE-based retailer into a

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 33 global brand name, and is also the retailer for a large portfolio of renowned global luxury brands.

Damas sells jewellery and watches through four main store formats, which are uniquely positioned to address different consumer segment needs.

Specifically, the Les Exclusives Stores offer high-end luxury products; Semi- Exclusives Stores offer stylish and sophisticated products for the discerning consumer; and the Damas 22K and 18K Stores offer trendy, fashionable and stylish products and brands at competitive prices. In addition to the four principal store formats, Damas also operates other outlets such as exclusive watch stores and Mono-brand boutiques.

History: The Group has its origins in Syria in the early 1900s. In 1955, the business moved to the UAE and the first retail outlet was opened in 1959. By the end of 1985, the Damas Group had expanded with several retail stores throughout the UAE and in 1988; the Group launched its first branded jewellery line under the Harmony brand.

In the 1990s, the Group adopted an early version of its current marketing and merchandising strategy to develop its brands and products based on customer segmentation according to demographic profile, including its current store format structure.

By 2000, the Group had established retail operations in Qatar, Bahrain, Oman and Jordan. In 2002, the Group expanded its operations to Kuwait and Saudi Arabia, and by 2004, the Group had further strengthened its presence within and beyond the Middle East.

Damas established the Diamond Division to manage the sourcing of loose stones and finished jewellery.

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RELATION WITH GUJARAT AND INDIA

Chairman message

“We are the only completely integrated diamond and jewellery manufacturer and retailer in the country. We have a strong presence at every level of the diamond business, right from sourcing diamonds at competitive prices from DTC as sight holders to retailing our products through a vast network of self owned and franchised stores, we have now moved on to entering the lifestyle and luxury segments. We are the pioneers of branded jewellery in India and have several established brands in our arsenal to tap the continuously growing branded jewellery market. Gili being not only the first brand under Gitanjali's umbrella, it is an introduction of branded jewellery to the Indian market. The list includes well- know and well established brands such as 'Nakshatra', 'Asmi', 'Sangini', 'D'damas' and ‘Gitanjali”

History

Gitanjali Group was established in 1966 and is one of the earliest diamond houses in India. Having received over 50 National and Council awards from the Ministry of Commerce, India for outstanding exports, it is today one of the leading diamond and jewellery export companies in India. Gitanjali, a $900 million multinational group, is a Public Listed Company. Gitanjali's unique business model encompasses a wide range of activities like rough diamond sourcing, diamond manufacturing and distribution, jewellery manufacturing, jewellery branding and jewellery, lifestyle and watch retailing at the domestic and

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 35 international level. The Group has its business spread across the globe including countries like USA, UK, Middle East, Thailand, Belgium, China, Japan, Italy and South East Asia.

Gitanjali's firsts include:

* Introducing the concept of affordable branded diamond studded jewellery in India

* Offering jewellery in Superstores, Department Stores and other such retail outlets at MRP

* Offering the same quality, designs and prices throughout India with a certification of authenticity for the same from renowned diamond grading laboratory

* Producing the smallest heart shaped diamond (0.03 carat)

* A mail-order catalogue for branded diamond jewellery. (0.03 carat)

* Gitanjali Luxury Lifestyle Festival – a unique celebration for International Luxury and Lifestyle products. (0.03 carat)

Vision and Mission

Gitanjali Group was established in 1966 and is one of the earliest diamond houses in India. Having received over 50 National and Council awards from the Ministry of Commerce, India for outstanding exports, it is today one of the leading diamond and jewellery export companies in India. Gitanjali, a $900 million multinational group, is a Public Listed Company. Gitanjali's unique business model encompasses a wide range of activities like rough diamond sourcing, diamond manufacturing and distribution, jewellery manufacturing, jewellery branding and jewellery, lifestyle and watch retailing at the domestic and international level. The Group has its business spread across the globe including countries like USA, UK, Middle East, Thailand, Belgium, China, Japan, Italy and South East Asia.

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Values

Integrity, Solidarity, Credibility and Perfection Gitanjali's success story is the result of various success stories culminating in creating a coveted, global organization. It is a result of a farsighted strategy, painstakingly crafted over last 40 years.

At every step, Gitanjali translates its vision into a vibrant, shining reality visible to all. With careful positioning, immense investments, dedicated effort, unique creations, quality assurance and timely delivery has sited us at the crest of a wave that is moving upwards with great momentum.

D'damas is one of the most popular jewellery brand in the country today with a presence in over 159 towns and cities.A joint venture between Gitanjali Gems and the Dubai based Damas Group; D'damas is a sub-brand that combines international quality with Indian values.

D'damas' vast variety of brand allows every customer a choice of jewellery to reflect her personality, tastes and to suit every occasion. It has gold and diamond studded jewellery matching various lifestyle, occasion and price points that cater to diversified customers.

D'damas is committed to the highest levels of customer satisfaction, and every piece of jewellery comes with a special certificate of authenticity assuring of both the diamond and gold content of the piece. D'damas jewellery is accompanied with an IGI certificate & Hallmarking, a world renowned, further certifies the diamonds, which is headquartered in Antwerp.

Each sub-brand under D'damas offers stylized and contemporary designs, conceptualized and created by an in-house team of award winning designs.

Their strength in design has been recognized repeatedly with D'damas designers having won a number of design awards.

In 2003 Gitanjali Group and Damas, Dubai – the largest retailing jewellery brand chain in the Middle East came together to form D’damas. D’damas is present in 400+

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 37 towns across India and available across 1000+ retail counters. D’damas has the largest single brand exclusive franchisee network in India and is the first Indian brand to have showrooms abroad. Thus it’s the most widely available brand across the country, making it not only unique in terms of awareness but also universal in availability, thus giving consumers across all these towns opportunity to own a lovely design of D’damas – a brand that India loves to wear .

D’damas jewellery represents who you are, giving a wide choice to consumers to choose from. D’damas understands the importance of jewellery to woman and thus creates stunning designs from scratch. They understand what a modern woman of today demands, and thus use the best quality superior diamonds engraved in gold to design jewellery that you’ll treasure for life.

D’damas has in-house designers, who are always in tune with the latest trends and consumer demands, to give the consumer jewellery that they will instantly fall in love with. Choose from over 2,000 designs that emanate elegance, style and modernity.

D’damas range consists of exquisite design in Plain Gold and Gold Studded Diamond Jewellery, & Semi Precious Stones. Thus by sheer choice it caters to all needs, moods, emotions & tastes of its consumers. Every piece of jewellery comes with a special certificate of authenticity providing complete assurance about both the diamond and gold content of the piece.

D’damas with its basket of very powerful sub-brands like Lamhe, Glitterati, Vivaaha, DER, Solitaire, & Saumya has unique and contemporary designs to suit every emotion, moment or occasion. Its amazing range thus gives the widest choice to the consumers and price points. Besides it is the most widely available brand across all retail touch-points across the country, making it not only unique in designs but also universal in availability.

It helps give meaning to important occasions, the magical moments of life that nurture the soul, define our culture, our passions. Jewellery from D’damas gives you a reason to celebrate very moment of this life, always.

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Sub-brand

D’damas offers D’damas Lamhe that offers jewellery for the special moments in your life. This collection offers styles and designs in diamond and gold that will suit your special moments and make them even more special. Conceived to portray your intense emotions and feelings, the designs are sleek and elegant that dazzles and delights everyone’s eyes.

D’damas Glitterati epitomizes the world of Bollywood in its designs. Glitterati reflect the personality of our stars and their styles are amalgamated in the designs. Traditional Indian designs with international feel in shapes of studs, simple straight lines and elegantly crafted geometrical shapes makes Glitterati a sought for collection.

When you own a Damas Solitaire your stature in the society is difficult to get to. Sparkle in the crowd by owning a superior cut diamond that adds radiance to your personality. So it’s rightly said as the power of one in a billion.

Wedding – a very special day in every girl’s life is yet another day of celebration of D’damas as it offers to the customers the D’damas Vivaaha collection. Add a glow to your wedding attire by adorning a piece of jewellery from versatile

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Vivaaha collection stylized in diamonds. Select your wedding ring, Mangalsutra, wedding bands and sets for your new beginning.

D’damas will make your romance last forever with DER. Find a large collection of diamond engagement and commitment rings in precisely cut diamonds right from simple yet elegant, trendy yet contemporary to seal your relationship forever.

A new range of jewellery line from D’damas, Saumya, is an amalgamation of religion and spirituality that form the core values of Indian culture. Traditional and historic designs convey the love, pride, power, serenity, purity of the woman.

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TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF UAE

The textile industry Arabian is one the important industries for the economy. Its importance is underlined by the fact that it accounts for around 4% of GDP, 14% of the industrial production and 17% of the country’s total earnings export. Textile industry is the second-largest employment generating industry in both rural and areas urban, after the agriculture industry.

The vast pool of skilled and workers unskilled, availability of labor at low costs, strong base for production of the raw materials characterize the textile in India. Increase in domestic demand and ability of the units in the industry to process small or customized orders are some of the advantages for the textile industry in India. Textile sector is diverse and has hand-spun and hand woven segments at one end of the spectrum, and sophisticated and modern mills at the other.

Business activity of the Industry:

There are many opportunities for UK Business in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). UKTI can provide a wealth of information and guidance on doing business in the UAE.

This includes are:

 Doing Business Guides

 Sector Briefings  FCO Country Updates  Overseas Business Risk information

Looking at this in connection with data of economic and fiscal stimulus initiatives, we judge that the main opportunities will be in oil and gas, energy, construction, mass transport, security, health and education.

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Over the 3 decades, the Emirates Group started its activities in Dubai with Textiles. Although now that the group has diversified its business activities, it continues to be a force in the trading of textile products.

The company two textile outlets in the Dubai, one each at Bur Dubai and Deira. Both of these are semi-wholesale outlets. The one at Bur Dubai outlet deals mainly in 44" Saris, SKDs, Dress materials, shirting's, suiting products made in India, Indonesia, China, Thailand & Japan.

Both the outlets have established clientele and are manned by persons who are experienced and well versed in the textiles trade.

The Deira outlet deals in 58 products such as various stretches, basic, semi fancy and fancy materials made in Korea, Taiwan, China & Japan and Abhaya Shailla.

Abhaya Shailla is an integral part of the dress in the Muslim world. As part of our commitment to provide quality fabrics for various apparels and understanding the needs of the region, the Emirates Group entered into the Abhaya/Shailla segment.

Emirates Textiles Deira Branch stocks high quality fabrics used for making Abhaya and Shaillas. These fabrics are sourced from Japan, Korea and Indonesia. The stitching units as well as traders spread across the G. C. C. are the company's customers.

Business opportunity in future related to industry:

In the UAE, economic activity is regulated by individual emirates as well as the Federal Government. In Dubai, the authorities have deliberately sought to create an environment which is well ordered without being unduly restrictive.

There are many options open to international companies seeking to establish a business relationship with Dubai. Apart from forming a trading relationship, for many companies there are distinct advantages in being on-the-spot to research market prospects, make contacts, liaise with customers, and see through the details of any transactions and orders secured.

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Having a presence can provide considerable business advantages in the Middle East. Businessmen in the region prefer to deal with someone they know and trust and personal relationships are much more important in doing business in the Arab world than they are in Western Europe or America. Also, the buying patterns of some countries served by Dubai tend to be unpredictable, creating a need for first class market intelligence and information.

MBA (Marketing) / PGDBM / Graduate with minimum7 years of Business Development experience in Textile company outlet in INDIA& Abroad. He will be responsible to identify new business opportunities, including alliances / partnerships and new types of business to enable growth required, such as large fashion retailers, department stores, supermarkets and kids stores, continuously scan the environment for business opportunities and conduct feasibility studies and investment/expansion reviews to develop appropriate business plans, Own and champion the business development plan for the UAE region, and ensure implementation, Ensure inappropriate balance of focus between increasing penetration of existing accounts and developing new accounts, Timely delivery on project commitments, Regularly meet with distributors and retailers to develop and implement precise sales and marketing plans and to foster good relations with accounts understanding their goals, conditions market, challenges, competitive activities and possible unique opportunities, Maintain excellent relationship with existing clients and develop customers base simultaneously, Review and negotiate retail price positioning, price structures and distributor terms to validate our position in each market, Review terms, space, location and special offers with retailers to satisfy corporate goals set with distributors, Ensure brand presentation standards for all visual elements including presentations to merchandising follow the corporate direction.

The suitable candidate will be responsible to identify new business opportunities, including alliances / partnerships and new types of business to enable growth required, such as large fashion retailers, department stores, supermarkets and kids stores, continuously scan the environment for new business opportunities and conduct feasibility studies and investment/expansion reviews to develop appropriate business plans, Own and champion the business development plan for the UAE region, and ensure implementation, Ensure an appropriate balance of focus between

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 43 increasing penetration of existing accounts and developing new accounts, Timely delivery on project commitments, Regularly meet with distributors and retailers to develop and implement precise sales and marketing plans and to foster good relations with accounts understanding their goals, market conditions, challenges, competitive activities and possible unique opportunities.

COMPANY PROFILE

INTRODUCTION OF EMIRATES INDUSTRY:

Established in 1978 under the leadership of Dr. Juma Khalfan Belhoul, a prominent national UAE, the company is an LLC. The factory is located at Al Quoz Industrial Area, Dubai with state of the art technology and highly skilled labor. It has been acknowledged as the largest manufacturer & supplier of uniforms in UAE, specialized in Customized Uniforms.

It is one of the forerunners in the UAE’s flourishing garments industry mainly uniform manufacturing. Emirates Industries LLC occupy an emerging niche in UAE market which caters to all sectors ranging from Government & Semi-Government Organizations to Transport Organizations, Hotels, Hospitals, Petroleum Companies, Construction Companies and Educational Institutions. The Company’s success stems from the professional pool of highly qualified personnel who

contribute to the overall success of the company and the highly skilled labor who contribute to the core activities. The product line includes shirts, trousers, blouses, jackets, coats, coveralls and a wide variety of other items.

The Company has recently expanded its in-house production facilities and is well positioned to market its garments/uniforms beyond its present client base. The company is dedicated to providing the highest quality products, meeting the agreed delivery dates and executing the customized work exactly in accordance with the client’s concept. To cater to the needs of individual customers, it also has an order collection & delivery centre at Al Garhoud, Dubai

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VISION:

To become the leader in manufacturing & supply of all types of uniforms with highest quality at reasonable prices in the Middle East & GCC (Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf) countries

Corporate Sector:

Hospitality Sector:

Medical Sector:

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Industrial Sector:

Education Sector:

Accessories & Linen Items:

Emirates Industries has added in-house fashion designing to its capabilities to enable the customers to have options to choose from some of the best designs for their uniforms. The professional designing team will handle all the needs of customer and right from attractive designs to final product. The team members offers interactive designing including understanding the customer needs, on site presentations of designs, sample approvals etc.

Trade Policies and Tariff Policy for Textile Industry

 India has reached on an Agreement for reciprocal market access commitments for Textiles and Apparel with the negotiation of the WTO

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Agreement on Textile & Clothing. It provides elimination of Quota system of Textiles & Apparel from 1st January 2005.  Under Indo-US Agreement of 1st January 1995, India agreed to reduce tariffs on Textile & apparel and remove all the restrictions on these products.  From 1st April 2000, Govt. Of India reduced tariffs on: . Manmade Fibers & Filament Yarns from 35% to 20% · Cotton Yarn from 25% to 20% · Spun, Blended, and Woolen Yarn from 40% to 20 %  India agreed to bind its tariffs on 265 textile & apparel products (Textured Yarns of Nylon & Polyester, Filament Fabrics, Sportswear, and Home Textiles.)  Apparel products are free from Excise Duties & various Taxes.  Customs duty on Polyester Filament Yarns is reduced from 10% to 7.5%. Duty on other Filament yarns will be remain at 10%.  Customs duty on Polyester Staple fibers is reduced from 10% to 7.5%. Duty on other Man Made Staple fibers will be remain at 10%.  Customs duty on Raw Materials such as DMT, PTA and MEG reduced from 10% to 7.5%.  For Small Scale Industries there is Full Exemption Limit being increased from Rs.1 crore to Rs.1.50 crores.  Most of the products fall under HS code 61 and 62 carry an import duty of 56.83% which includes 30% basic duty, 16% additional duty and 4 per cent special additional duty.  Excise duty on Nylon Chips has been reduced from 16% to 12%.  Optional excise duty on Nylon Fish Net Fabrics is increased from 8% to 12%.  Excise Duty Exemption on specified Textile Machinery Items is withdrawn and 8% Excise Duty is imposed.  CST rate reduced from 4% to 3% with effect from April 1, 2007.  Removal of surcharge on income tax on all firms and companies with a taxable income of Rs.1 crore or less.

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Import Licensing:

India has liberalized its Import regime for Textiles and apparel, but some of the part is still limited for market access. Currently, there is no import restriction for yarns & fabrics items. Apparel & Made-up textiles goods require a Special Import License (SIL). Govt. revised Exim Policy on 31st March 1999 by eliminating Import Licensing Requirements for 894 consumer goods, agriculture products and textiles. On 28th December 1999 India and Us signed an Agreement for the elimination of import restrictions of 1,429 agriculture, textiles, consumer goods and apparel. India removed restrictions on 715 tariff items as of 1st April 2000. Custom Procedures:

Marking, Labeling, and Packaging Requirements: Marking, Labeling, and Packaging Requirements for Textile products are technically complex and difficult to implement. According to textile regulation passed on 22nd july 1998 by GOI, Yarns, and Fabrics to have the statutory markings and these markings should not mislead the consumers. For instance, Cloths must be remarked with the name & address of manufacturer, a description of cloth, sort number, length in meters and width in centimeters, and washing instructions. The Manmade fiber cloth must indicate whether it is made by spun or filament yarn. The month & year of packaging, the exact composition of cloth. The Marking must appear on the face plate of each piece of cloth. The language for marking must be in Hindi and English with international numerals. Current Facts on India Textile Industry

 India retained its position as world’s second highest cotton producer.  Acreage under cotton reduced about 1% during 2008-09.  The productivity of cotton which was growing up over the years has decreased in 2008-09.  Substantial increase of Minimum Support Prices (MSPs)  Cotton exports couldn't pick up owing to disparity in domestic and international cotton prices.  Imports of cotton were limited to shortage in supply of Extra Long staple cottons.

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FOOD INDUSTRY OF UAE

 The food business in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a highly competitive one.  The UAE depends heavily on imports to fill the gap between limited domestic food production and demand from a growing people base. Despite attempts to increase local production of food products in recent years the UAE still imports 85 to 90 per cent of its total food requirements.  Companies involved in the importation and distribution of food are equipped with modern warehousing services, fleets of trucks, and a staff of sale representatives.  The Food Control Department of Dubai Municipality has recently launched the Food initiative. The initiative, which was announced during Gulf food 2013, is aimed at simplifying the procedures to get information related to the food safety.  Dubai eateries and other food establishments have a comprehensive food code which they have to adopt to ensure international standards of food safety are followed. With the metropolis releasing the code, Dubai becomes first in the region to produce such a guideline that could be used by the entire food industry. “Dubai’s dream is to establish a world – class food safety that provides safe food to the residents and the several millions that Emirate each year.

The food industry in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a highly competitive one. It has been valued by some as being worth US$ 2.8 billion. Inside this growing food

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 50 industry is the biscuit promote, which is important as it worth US$ 500 million. The annual per capital consumption of biscuit in the UAE is a whopping 6 kg. Tiffany Foods Ltd. is the market manager of the biscuit industry in the UAE. Tiffany Foods Ltd. was established in 1989 as a family owned private limited company. The UAE population can be categorized into three main types of people: The local Arabs, The expat Arabs, The Expats.

As can be seen these three groups each have unique preferences as far as biscuits are concerned. The affluent local Arabs wish to indulge themselves with luxury, while the Expats (migrant workers) - the majority of whom belong to the lower rungs of the economic ladder - prefer practicality and the expat Arabs take a sort of middle-of-the- road approach. This divergence between the populace is the reason for the existence of the three market segments of the UAE biscuit industry: Dry biscuits, Cream biscuits, Premium biscuits. The only approach then to capture the biscuit market is by participating in all the three of the market segments. However, this is not simple thing for any business to do as there are varying specific 1requirements for each of these market segments.

Given this scenario, multiple businesses will prevail by specializing and finding niche areas within the biscuit market (e.g. McVitie's concentrates on producing only digestive biscuits - a type of premium biscuit). But Tiffany Foods Ltd. has been able develop its status as a subsidiary of the conglomerate called IFFCO, to contribute in all the segments of the biscuit market. This has therefore caused Tiffany Foods Ltd. to be the market manager for almost two decades now. However, with the entry of Nutro, a supplementary of Indian biscuit giant Britannia, Tiffany Foods Ltd.'s position as the market manager is being threatened. Nutro is aggressively promote their new products and want to become the market leaders in the Dry and Cream categories.

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Introduction of IFFCO

Establishment in 1975, IFFCO is a United Arab Emirates based business house, which manufactures and market a well-integrated range of consumer products. IFFCO operate under the following business sector: Impulse foods, agri Business, Oils & Fats, Packaging, sales and Distribution. IFFCO also manufacture associated derivatives and intermediates associated with these business segments. Over the last three decades. IFFCO has developed brands that have built a strong market share in the United Arab Emirates UAE by offering their customer good value of money.

IFFCO has grown consistently by building complimentary businesses supported by acquisitions in the UAE and internationally as well. This model of sustainable expansion has seen IFFCO’s transformation from a local company to a dynamic group of international companies with operation and manufacturing facilities in UAE, Pakistan, Malaysia, Tunisia, south Africa, turkey, Indonesia, China and Australia.

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IFFCO VISION AND VALUE

VISION

Creating trust, Delivering value.

“The Preferred Provider of Essential and Value Added Foods for everybody, Everywhere & Everyday”

VALUES: Organization Commitment:

1. Ensure diversity and equal opportunity by nurturing a multi cultural, international and gender diverse work force. 2. Ensure meritocracy and to this end select, expand and promote employees on the basis of competence and capabilities. 3. Provide opportunities and forums for two way communication to improve work performance and environment. 4. Legislate safe, hygienic and healthy working conditions. 5. Provide for a healthy work - life balance by defining time borders, meeting time commitments and punctuality.

Organization’s Expectations

1. Employees shall treat their colleagues with respect, dignity, sympathy and fairness. 2. Managers shall build an enabling and supportive work environment that allows for a free exchange of ideas and views.

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3. Managers shall ensure transparency of employee related policies and its equitabable application. 4. Managers shall make and honor across geographies and business to develop capabilities for future company roles.

INTEGRITY

Personal Integrity

1. Present information in a factual manner that is neither opinionated nor meant to drive a premeditated outcome. 2. Be courageous in speaking the truth and not be fearful of consequences. 3. Evaluate all sides of an issue to arrive at a fair and just resolutions do not rush to conclusion based on half truths, hear say or parochial consideration. 4. Open and candid feedback dignifies people and creates room for improvement. Complaining, criticizing, gossiping and back biting creates conflicts and damages relationships irretrievably. 5. Loyalty to company is best displayed when responsibilities are discharged in an neutral, professional and principled manner. 6. Make commitments that can be honored and honor all commitments that are made.

SYSTEM INTEGRITY

1. Policies, systems and procedures need to be published for the sake of transparency and uniform applicability. 2. Compliance to policy, systems and procedures promotes order and ease of administration. Not reporting a known defiance would mean complicity in violating company policy. 3. Ensure security of company information. Disclose to relevant public only on a need to know basis.

FISCAL INTEGRITY

1. Use prudence, thrift and cost consciousness in the deployment of Company’s property, materials and money

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2. Choose suppliers, partners, agents and employees on ability, cost and merit. Selection on any other basis will lead to compromised outcomes and will be construed as a breach of trust. 3. Receiving or giving money, gifts or favors of any kind from or to business associates is tantamount to a bribe and an unethical act.

EXCELLENCE

1. Continuously benchmark all our policy, processes, and systems internally to drive efficiencies and obtain standardization across business units and geographies. 2. Continuously benchmark with ‘best in class ‘approaches and companies in order to build and surpass global standards of value, cost and performance. 3. Focus on continuous improvement, doing things correctly the first time and remove wastages in the buy, make and distribute work flow processes. 4. Passionately encourage newer and innovative ways of doing work, creating products and services and deliver value to consumers.

CONSUMER

Consumer is the motive for us being in business and it is the consumer who creates wealth for the company.

1. Our consumers reside directly across the markets in MENA and indirectly in many other parts of the world. Delivery mechanisms must ensure a continues flow and availability of our products and services. 2. We must bring to bear our intellect, capabilities, insights, innovation and energies to create high quality products and services that delight the consumer. 3. Our work in the company begins and ends with the consumer. feedback from the consumer shall be a critical ingredient in the design of products and services.

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4. Work processes should seamlessly focus on the consumer despite department boundaries. We will use the question. ”Does this benefit the consumer”? To keep the focus of our decision and events. 5. Market leadership is a measure of:  The value we add to the consumer  The level to which the consumer trusts our brands.  The degree of distance from the struggle.  The margins we appreciate from our brands.

ENTREPRENEUR

A large multi product, Multinational Corporation such as ours can be successful and sustainable only when employee displays:

 A spirit of ownership….”this is mine”  Take accountability and initiative and not wait to be told.  View people, funds and assets entrusted as one’s own.  Find new ways to reduce costs and increase revenues.  Tirelessly exercise imagination to deliver synergy and optimal returns.  Evaluate all options and downsides in making sound decisions.  When required take calculated risks that enhance business, wealth and value.

BUSINESS SEGMENT OF IFFCO

1. Impulse foods 2. Agri business 3. Oils & fats 4. Packaging 5. Sales & Distribution

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Impulse foods:

1. Impulse foods 2. Agri business 3. Oils & fats

 Biscuits,wafers,snacks - flour,pasta,feeds,pulses - Retail,Industrial fats,  Cakes,chocolates- fresh poultry,eggs - Oil trading,personal care  Ice-creams - Fruits - Culinary,Spices

Packaging Distribution

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 Plastics - Food services  Corrugated boxes -Distribution companies

Rules Regulation for Food Company

Importing Foodstuffs

Import Procedures Import procedures in the UAE follow standard international practice. Customs clearance at ports is usually straightforward. Import documentation Crucial import documentation includes: • A valid and relevant trade license • A pro-forma invoice • A commercial invoice from the original supplier • A certificate of origin • A packing list • A bill of lading

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• A certificate of insurance

• A delivery order from the shipping or line agent

Special certificates may be required for some imports.

Trade licenses

Importers must have a trade license for the goods being imported. Only companies in the UAE that have the appropriate trade license can import products into the country.

Opportunities

Manufacturing opportunities in the UAE exist in most food category. However, the market is highly competitive given the UAE‟s open trade policies. The food service division is also a particular growth area given the significant expansion of the tourism sector and the large number of new hotels and resorts being opened in the UAE. Increasing demand for Food Items.

Food consumption to rise steadily in the UAE over the coming years. The increase will be a result of rising disposable incomes, continued growth in population and tourism levels aided by the increased presence of modern retail format selling. Demand for processed and packaged foods increased considerably through the country’s economic boom (2002-2008).

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CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY OF UAE

Arabian Construction Company (ACC) is a dynamic and progressive organization recognized as a leader in the region's construction industry.

ACC has been operating since 1968 through a comprehensive regional network across the Middle East. From power generation and desalination plants to factories, hotels, hospitals, defense works, public buildings and intricately sophisticated smart buildings, ACC’s track record features a prestigious list of efficiently delivered projects.

From power generation and desalination plants, to factories, hotels, hospitals, and intricately sophisticated smart buildings, ACC's track record is a prestigious list of efficiently delivered projects. Established contacts in the region, a dedicated workforce and an exacting standard for completion have gained the company a competitive edge well recognized in the industry. ACC benefits from a working network in many areas in the Middle East which allows it to mobilize rapidly throughout the region.

ACC's advantage also lies in its ability to bring solutions to the client's requirements in all phases of project planning and execution. ACC offers full contracting services and has the flexibility to assist the client by securing additional expertise for feasibility studies, preliminary designs, financing opportunities and joint venture partners for optimum project delivery.

ACC's management consists of highly qualified professionals with a distinguished track record in the region. ACC's staff have always taken on the challenge of broadening fields of operations and increasingly complex work standards over the past 40 years. In doing so, they have constantly acquired new skills and expertise

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 60 that keep them ahead in the industry. ACC is grateful to its human capital for its solid reputation in the Middle East and its prestigious list of repeat clients.

ACC's clients are assured of the best possible service in project delivery as ACC's managers are committed to the success of each and every project.

All of ACC's shareholders are involved in the day to day operations, being part of the management team with a vested interest in the success of all projects.

Also, a flat organization structure with few levels of management guarantees access to senior company members with decision making authority to all outside parties involved in ACC projects, whether they are clients, consultants, subcontractors or financing parties.

Facts about ACC in 2012

1 Shared vision

11 Countries of operation

14 Offices throughout the Middle East

3,000 Professional staff

30,000 Workforce

1.4 billion US$ Annual turnover

Services ACC's specialty fields include: • Infrastructure and civil works construction • Turnkey contracting • Value engineering • Industrial equipment procurement and installation

Working fast track is also one of the Arabian Construction Company¹s specialties, assuring clients of consistently high standards within record time frames. ACC's

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 61 highly effective management, accurate planning and resource deployment are key elements in making these projects possible.

The company carries a full team of tradesmen, skilled workmen and well experienced engineers and superintendents. ACC also maintains a full range of heavy construction equipment in its areas of operation. Such resources enable the company to quickly mobilize into any area in the region, and meet the varying requirements of the schedules of its projects.

ACC has played a significant role in providing outstanding construction services to companies and government agencies across the Middle East. With our continued commitment to development and change, we look forward to the future and all the challenges and opportunities that it will offer.

Function and business activity of the co.  Construction and Design  Power  Smart buildings  Commercial developments  Mixed use developments  Residential buildings  Public buildings  Hospitals  Hotels & resorts  Retail space palaces  Turnkey projects  Housing & schools  Telecom works  Interiors & finishes  Mechanical & electrical pipelines  Green buildings

 Telecommunications

Telecommunications Services

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Telecommunications Infrastructure Development

PROJECTS OF COMPANY

Power Sector

Taweelah A2 750 MW power plant

ACC was the civil works contractor for the Taweelah A2 750 MW power plant in the UAE, 80km east of Abu Dhabi. Completed in 2001, Taweelah A2 has the distinction of being the first BOT project in the UAE's power sector. Taweelah A2 is owned by Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) and CMS Energy. Siemens was the EPC contractor and the power plant includes three Siemens V94.3A gas turbines, three heat recovery steam generators and two steam turbines.

The project was executed on a fast track basis in order to honor a commitment made by Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority to increase power output by May 2000. Taweelah A2 is now the benchmark for all Independent Water and Power Projects (IWPP) in the Gulf.

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Shuweihat S1 1,500 MW Power Plant

ACC is the civil works contractor on the Shuweihat S1 1,500 MW combined cycle power plant, 250 kilometers west of Abu Dhabi. It is currently one of the world's largest combined power and water plant complexes delivering 1,500 MW of power to the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.

The power plant It is also an Independent Water and Power Project commissioned on a BOO basis. CMS Energy and International Power are part owners of this plant. Siemens is the EPC contractor. The project consists of five Siemens V94.3A gas turbines, two 251 MW steam turbines, seven electrical generators and all the ancillary systems. The power plant will be linked to a seawater desalination facility which will be supplied steam from the turbines.

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Smart buildings Etisalat Abu Dhabi tower

The Etisalat Abu Dhabi tower will be the future headquarters of the Emirates Telecommunication Corporation. ACC was the main contractor on the project. The 160 meter high structure is a new generation smart building incorporating a sophisticated HVAC system, inert gas fire fighting system, a closed circuit TV system (CCTV), advanced lighting control, security & access systems, all managed by an advanced Building Management System.

ACC was the main contractor for the Etisalat Headquarters in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. The tower's complex design is inspired by the shape of an Islamic minaret.

The 120 metre high tower contains three large granite and stainless steel public areas, a cafeteria & lounge, a highly finished 72 seat auditorium and 12 floors of office, mechanical, transmission, telecom switching and network management areas.

Smart building capabilities include an advanced Building Management System, a closed circuit TV system (CCTV), a lighting control system and an integrated security and access control system.

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Roles of ACC in INDIA

 Arabian Construction Company’s activity with INDIA  Arabian Construction Co. (ACC), in a joint venture with Simplex Infrastructures LTD has been awarded a contract to construct World One in Mumbai, India( Abu Dhabi, 6 February 2011).  World One, with its 117 storey’s, will be the tallest building in India and the second tallest residential building in the world upon completion in 2015, standing at 442 meters. With amenities including 270 degree views, private pools, home theatre lounges, outdoor Jacuzzis, World One is set to be one of the most sought after luxury living destinations in the country. The completed tower will also include an 18,000 sq m elevated park, and an Observatory Lounge positioned 305m (1,000 ft) above the ground.  The tower was designed by Pei Cobb Freed and Partners (formerly I. M. Pei & Partners), a renowned architectural firm based in New York City.  The developer for the project, Lodha Developers Ltd., is India's leading real estate developer for residential and commercial properties, responsible for among some of the tallest structures in India.  '' ACC brings unique knowledge of high rise construction and global best practices and Simplex provides significant capability and resources in the Indian context. We believe that this JV is best suited to build independent India's most iconic building,'' said AbhisheckLodha, Managing Director, Lodha Group.  GhassanMerehbi, Chairman of ACC, said "This is our first venture into India, and we are very pleased to be working on such a prestigious project with India's leading developer. We are proud to contribute our resources and expertise in high-rise construction that we have developed in the Gulf"  "This project is the first that our JV plans to build in the growing high-rise market in India" said Ani Ray, Simplex's Country Director for the UAE, "there will be many more, and we are mobilizing resources to be a key player in that sector".  ACC is responsible for constructing several of the most impressive towers across the Middle East, including some of the tallest towers in the UAE such as the Almas Tower, Princess Tower, Pentominium, Sky Towers, Etihad

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Towers and Rose Rotana, and is currently working on the construction of the tallest building in Jordan.  Simplex Infra is one of India's premier construction and infrastructure companies boasting some of India's most acclaimed landmarks, including the Supreme Court building, Howrah bridge, and is currently working on the construction of the first Ritz Carlton hotel in India.  A joint venture between Beirut-based Arabian Construction Co (ACC) and India’s Simplex Infrastructures has won a contract to construct World One in Mumbai at an estimated Rs4.5-billion (Dh362.77 million) cost.  ACC 's third skyscraper that will rise above 100 floors. ACC was earlier awarded the Dh690-million 107-storey Princess Tower and Dh1.46-billion 124-storey Pentominium — both under construction at Dubai Marina. The company is also constructing a cluster of towers in Abu Dhabi's Central Market, including an 88-storey skyscraper that will be Abu Dhabi's tallest tower.  Among other towers ACC has constructed are Almas Tower and Rose Rotana Tower in Dubai and Sky Towers and Etihad Towers in Abu Dhabi. It is currently working on Jordan's tallest buildings.

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Arabian Construction Company’s activity with INDIA

 1) Abu Dhabi, 6 February 2011: Arabian Construction Co. (ACC), in a joint venture with Simplex Infrastructures LTD has been awarded a contract to construct World One in Mumbai, India.  World One, with its 117 storey’s, will be the tallest building in India and the second tallest residential building in the world upon completion in 2015, standing at 442 metres. With amenities including 270 degree views, private pools, home theatre lounges, outdoor Jacuzzis, World One is set to be one of the most sought after luxury living destinations in the country. The completed tower will also include an 18,000 sq m elevated park, and an Observatory Lounge positioned 305m (1,000 ft) above the ground.  The tower was designed by Pei Cobb Freed and Partners (formerly I. M. Pei & Partners), a renowned architectural firm based in New York City.  The developer for the project, Lodha Developers Ltd., is India's leading real estate developer for residential and commercial properties, responsible for among some of the tallest structures in India.  '' ACC brings unique knowledge of high rise construction and global best practices and Simplex provides significant capability and resources in the Indian context. We believe that this JV is best suited to build independent India's most iconic building,'' said AbhisheckLodha, Managing Director, Lodha Group.  GhassanMerehbi, Chairman of ACC, said "This is our first venture into India, and we are very pleased to be working on such a prestigious project with India's leading developer. We are proud to contribute our resources and expertise in high-rise construction that we have developed in the Gulf"  "This project is the first that our JV plans to build in the growing high-rise market in India" said Ani Ray, Simplex's Country Director for the UAE, "there will be many more, and we are mobilizing resources to be a key player in that sector".  ACC is responsible for constructing several of the most impressive towers across the Middle East, including some of the tallest towers in the UAE such

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as the Almas Tower, Princess Tower, Pentominium, Sky Towers, Etihad Towers and Rose Rotana, and is currently working on the construction of the tallest building in Jordan.  Simplex Infra is one of India's premier construction and infrastructure companies boasting some of India's most acclaimed landmarks, including the Supreme Court building, Howrah bridge, and is currently working on the construction of the first Ritz Carlton hotel in India.

2). Dubai: A joint venture between Beirut-based Arabian Construction Co (ACC) and India’s Simplex Infrastructures has won a contract to construct World One in Mumbai at an estimated Rs4.5-billion (Dh362.77 million) cost.

 The 442-metre, 117-storey World One will be the tallest building in India and the world’s second tallest residential complex on completion in 2015.  With 270-degree views, private pools, home theatre lounges and outdoor Jacuzzis, World One is set to be one of the India’s most sought-after luxury life-style destinations.  The tower will also include an 18,000 square metre elevated park, and an observation lounge positioned 305 metres above the ground.  ACC, which has a strong base in the UAE, is partly owned by two Lebanese families. The tower was designed by Pei Cobb Freed and Partners (formerly I. M. Pei & Partners), a renowned architectural firm based in New York City.  Lodha Developers, the company behind the project, one of India's leading real estate developers, is responsible for some of the tallest structures in India. " ACC brings unique knowledge of high rise construction and global best practices and Simplex provides significant capability and resources in the Indian context. We believe that this JV [joint venture] is best suited to build independent India's most iconic building," said AbhisheckLodha, Managing Director, Lodha Group.  This is ACC 's third skyscraper that will rise above 100 floors. ACC was earlier awarded the Dh690-million 107-storey Princess Tower and Dh1.46-billion 124-storey Pentominium — both under construction at Dubai Marina. The company is also constructing a cluster of towers in Abu Dhabi's Central

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Market, including an 88-storey skyscraper that will be Abu Dhabi's tallest tower.  Among other towers ACC has constructed are Almas Tower and Rose Rotana Tower in Dubai and Sky Towers and Etihad Towers in Abu Dhabi. It is currently working on Jordan's tallest buildings.  Prestigious  GassanMerehbi, Chairman of ACC , said: "This is our first venture in India, and we are very pleased to be working on such a prestigious project with India's leading developer. We are proud to contribute our resources and expertise in high-rise construction that we have developed in the Gulf."  Simplex Infra is one of India's premier construction and infrastructure companies boasting some of India's most acclaimed landmarks, including the Supreme Court building in New Delhi, Howrah bridge, and is currently working on the construction of India's first Ritz Carlton hotel. "This project is the first that our JV plans to build in the growing high-rise market in India," said Ani Ray, Simplex's Country Director for the UAE.

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RETAIL INDUSTRY OF UAE

Retail industry can be classified into two broad categories – organized retail and unorganized retail.

Organized retail - Those traders/retailers who are certified for trading activities and listed to pay taxes to the government Unorganized retail – It consists of unauthorized small shops - conventional Kirana shops, general stores, corner shops among various other small retail outlets - but remain to be the shining force of Indian retail industry.

Overview:

Retail industry being the fifth largest in the world, is one of the sunrise sectors with huge growth potential and accounts for 15% of the country’s GDP. Including of organized and unorganized sectors, Indian retail industry is one of the fastest growing industries in India, especially over the last few years.

According, to the Global Retail Development Index 2012, India rank fifth among the top 30 emerging markets for retail. The recent announcement by the Indian government with Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in retail, especially allowing 100% FDI in single brands and multi-brand FDI has created positive sentiments in the retail sector.

Emerging Areas:

Some sectors that occupy a projecting position with the retail industry are:

Apparel and fashion – Everybody understands the impact of fashion and textiles on the environment. Almost $19.5 billion were spent on online apparel shopping in the year 2009 and increasing since then.

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Fashion & Lifestyle - In India the vast middle class and its almost untapped retail industry are the key attractive forces for global retail giants wanting to enter into newer markets, which in turn will help the retail to grow faster.

Food & Beverage retail - Backed by huge potential and changing lifestyles, the food and beverage retail market is growing at a robust 30-35 per cent per year.

Pharmaceutical Retail – Driven by remedies like anti-diabetic, vitamin, anti- invective’s and dermatology, it accounted for a robust 15% growth in 2011.

E-commerce or E-tailing – the next big revolution - With the advent of e-commerce in the retail industry or retail stores are facing solid competition from e-stores. The rising demand for e-shopping has led to a new debate cropping up in the world.

Introduction of retail sector in UAE:

 Based on our demand side estimates, GCC retail sales are expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.3% between 2010 and 2015.

 Middle East duty free and travel retail sales are projected to expand at a CAGR of 9.9% between 2010 and 2015. Although Dubai Duty Free will continue to account for a significant portion of these sales, growing passenger traffic in Qatar is likely to result in the country’s duty free sales outdoing the broader sector growth.

 After a brief pause over the last two years, the Middle East luxury goods market looks poised for strong performance going forward. The region’s luxury goods sector is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 8.5% between 2010 and 2015.

 Contribution of retail sector in GDP of Dubai is 40%. And growth is 5.5%

 After a brief break over the last two years, the Middle East luxury goods market looks poised for strong performance going forward. The region’s luxury goods sector is estimated to expand at a CAGR of 8.5% between 2010 and 2015.

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 Based on a Moderate Growth scenario for our supply side estimates, retail GLA in the GCC is forecast to expand to 14.6 million sq m in 2015, from 10.3 million sq m in 2010. UAE is expected to experience the extreme increase in retail space through 2015 given that 56.4% of the project pipeline is located in the country. We believe that supply of new GLA will be sufficient to meet demand for retail space over the next five years.

Introduction of the Company

About Landmark

History

Founded in 1973 in Bahrain, the Landmark Group has effectively grown into one of the largest and most successful retail organization in the Middle East and India. An international, diversify retail and hospitality conglomerate that encourages entrepreneurship to consistently deliver brilliant value, the Group operates over 1500 outlets surrounding over 20 million square feet crosswise the GCC, India, Egypt, Turkey, Sudan, Lebanon ,Jordan, , Yemen, Libya, Nigeria, Kenya,, Pakistan and Uganda. The Group of employs over 40,000 people.

An international, segregated retail and hospitality conglomerate that encourages entrepreneurship to time and again deliver exceptional value, the Group operates

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over 1200 outlets encompassing over 18 million square feet across the GCC, India, Egypt, Turkey, Jordan, Lebanon, Yemen, Sudan, Kenya and Pakistan.

Landmark Group has a strong labor force of 40,000 employees and provides a value-driven produce range for the family through its retail concepts of Centre point, Baby shop, Splash, Shoe Mart, Lifestyle, Beauty bay, Iconic, Imax, Home Centre, Q Home Décor, Candlelit, Max, and Shoexpress. In addition to the brands residential in-house, the Group also holds the franchise rights for some of the world's leading fashion and footwear brands in the countries where it operates.

The Group has also diversified in to the leisure, food and hospitality segments with Fun City, Spaces, Citymax Hotels, Fitness First, Balance Wellbeing 360 and Food mark, the restaurant division, which operates the Group's own and franchise food outlets.

Role in the Country of UAE

 Turnover of US$ 4.7 billion.

 Growth at a CAGR of 23%.

 Existence in 18 countries.

 20 million sq ft. of retail space.

 Over 40,000 employees.

Businesses:

As one of the largest retail multinationals in the Middle East and India, the Landmark Group has a diverse portfolio of retail and hospitality brands.

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 Retail Brands:

Centre point:

Centre point is a one stop shopping destination that houses Baby shop, Splash, Lifestyle, Shoe Mart and Beauty bay under one top. Centre point has become the number-one family shopping destination across the Middle East. It is shaping consumer perceptions, increasing brand worth and increasing future growth for the group in the mid-market retail section.

Baby shop:

- One-stop shop for all children’s needs.

Baby shop is a concept store specializing in toys, fashion clothing, baby basics, nursery furniture and much more for new-born babies, kids and children up to 16 years. Baby shop has revolutionized retailing for children and mothers by understanding the needs of this group and delivering products and services in a satisfying, fun environment.

The chain's international brands include Lee Cooper, Graco, Disney, Barbie, Ferrari (cycles and car seat), McLaren (car seats), Little Tikes, Fisher Price, Peg Perego, Maui & Sons, and several others. Baby shop sources products from the best

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Shoe Mart:

One-stop shop for fashion footwear and accessories.

Shoe Mart, the largest footwear and accessories retail chain in the Middle East, offers a range of affordable, world-class brands for men, women and children. This home-grown brand now operates across the UAE,Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain,Jordan and Egypt. With the single-minded objective to deliver the best value to our consumers all the time, Shoe Mart retails wide collections of fashionable casuals, formals, sporty and chic footwear from over 30 countries across the global.

SPLASH:

Multi-brand store with international & internal designed brands.

Headquarter in Dubai, Splash is Middle East's largest fashion retailer and part of the Landmark Group, one of the biggest retail multinationals in the Mid-East and India. Originated in 1993 as a single brand store in Sharjah, Splosh has grown to over 140 stores and 50 brand store across 11 countries.

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LIFESTYLE:

Well-defined idea store Lifestyle offers a wide range of exclusive products from home interior decoration, furnishing, lighting and bath décor to makeup, perfumes, fashion accessories, bags, spa products and teen gifts. Since its inception in 1998, Lifestyle has expanded into a chain of over 100 stores across the Middle East, present an incredible range of products across all departments.

BEAUTYBAYS:

Global brand store for beauty, health and well-being.

Beauty bay offers one stop shopping for value and luxury perfumes, cosmetics, skincare, hair care, bath & body care and beauty fittings. Beauty bay exclusively carries several leading fragrance and beauty brands like Beyoncé, Diego Dalla Palma,Anne Moller, Erborian, Lee Cooper, Rouge Bunny Rouge and VMV Hypoallergenic.

Beauty bay standalone stores are located at Oasis Centre – Abu Dhabi-Mushrif Mall, Dubai and Sharjah City Centre - Sharjah. It also can be found at select Centre point store across UAE, Saudi Arabian, Bahrain & Jordan.

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SHOEXPRESS:

Look good, Feel good.

Max offers fashionable clothing, footwear, fittings and household products at amazing value, all under one top. A great shopping experience with fashionable products at outstanding value is an assurance that makes Max customers "Look good Feel good."

ICONIC:

ICONIC has an exclusive spirit that sets us apart from other fashion stores. The brand characterizes a meeting point for fashion innovation and lifestyle where people of any ageor gender or culture are welcome. First ICONIC fashion lifestyle store in Dubai opened its exits in Feb 2010. From this initial 70000 sq ft. flagship outlet in Deira City Centre, the company has grown-up to include over 20 retail branches through the UAE, Kuwait and KSA.

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LANDMARK INTERNATIONAL:

Landmark International focuses on managing and growing the Group's portfolio of International fashion brands: New Look, Reiss, Cotton, and Lipsy with an aspiring strategy of expansion and development. Established in 2005 as part of Landmark Group we now have over 120 outlets across the MENA region.

Home & Electronics:

HOMECENTRE:

- Find your home in ours

With 90 stores across the Middle, India and, North Africa Home Centre offers an impressive variety of fine furniture and furnishings, home accessories, kitchenware, outside furniture and gift ideas distinguished by affordable prices, excellent value and comprehensive service. From the first store in Sharjah, in 1995, Home Centre today occupies half a million sq ft. of retail space within itsstores in the Sharjah and over three million sq ft. of retail space across all its market.

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Q Home Décor

Design stimulated furniture at incredible value

Q Home Décor is a network of amenity furnishing stores in UAE, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, specializing in classic, contemporary and varied furniture and home accessories. Customers experience diplomatic, comfortable and beautiful shopping environments, featuring exclusively decorated room settings.

Emax:

Electronics Simplified

Emax is the fastest rising electronic retail chain in the Middle East, with 33 stores across UAE, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar and Bahrain, and has ambitious expansion plans, which will see the brand, grow to over 50 stores by the end of 2013. Emax offers customers quality products, world famous brand, cutting-edge trends and technology at good price. With more than 200 international brands, and over 1, 00,000 products across 20 categories accompanied by unequalled service and competitive value. The product range retailed at Emax includes: IT, Mobiles and Telecom, Audio, Video, Gaming, Photography,E-accessories, Appliances, Wellness and Fitness, Do it Yourself, Gifting, Home Solutions and more.

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Confectionary CANDELITE

Make life sweeter

Candelite is a unique confectionary and aromatic concept that offers an extensive range of world class products for all age groups. Products are source from over 18 countries to outfit to the eclectic choices of the multicultural customers in the region. With over 2000 product and 65 brands there is something to delight everyone.

Role in India and Gujarat

In 1999, Landmark Group enters India, to reform retailing in the country with the opening of Lifestyle stores. Landmark Group has launched some of its core retail concepts in the country together with Lifestyle (big format departmental stores), Home Centre bt Lifestyle (Home development stores), Splash (Hi-street fashion), Bossini (International apparel brand), Max (Value fasion chain), Auchan Hypermarket, Fun city (Fun & Entertainment Centres) and Gloria Jean’s Coffees (Coffee Outlets)

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Lifestyle Department Stores

Your style. Your store

Lifestyle entered in India in 1999 and in a little over a decade has come to be known as one of the leading retail companies in the country. Positioned as a fashionable, colourful and vibrant shop, Lifestyle offers consumers ease of shopping and an pleasant shopping experience. Each Lifestyle store from Lifestyle International (P) Ltd. brings jointly five concepts under one roof - Apparel, Footwear, Children's Wear, Household & Furniture and Health & Beauty, offering suitable one-stop shopping and a choice of over 250 national & international brands. Group has also introduced Home Centre, a one stop destination for reasonably priced furniture, home décor and soft furnishing that represents style, comfort and individualism. In observance with the Group's tradition of making every shopping incident more pleasing and memorable, The Inner loop, Landmark Group's loyalty programme allows members to take special benefits and privileges such as reward points and offers.

Auchan hypermarkets

Auchan Hypermarket in India is the result of a franchise contract between the Dubai based Landmark Group's Max Hypermarkets India Pvt. Ltd & Group Auchan. Auchan is one of the world's major hypermarket chains with 616 hypermarkets in 12 countries in Central and Europe, Russia, and China. Auchan is at the present in India with 13 hypermarkets. It has a 44.4 billion euro turnover. It is a one stop shopping destination as it provides all the daily needs of a consumer by providing

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 82 fruits & vegetables, meat & fish, kitchenware, wine & spirits, , electronics, apparel, health & beauty, furniture, under one roof. Max Hypermarkets is accountable for the entire business operation - from capex outlay to day to day operations. Management control also rests with Max Hypermarkets. Auchan provides information transfer and brings with it best practices in international retailing and technical know-how to make sure that the brand is being accurately represented, as ensuring that the local partner retains their financial independence to deliver the best solution in each market. Groupe Auchan will play an essential support role in the development of the hypermarket format in India.

Max fashion

Max - a division of Lifestyle International (P) Ltd. and was established in 2004 in the UAE. In 5 years of its launch, Max has grown into the biggest value fashion brand in the Middle East with over 150 stores across 11 countries.

Max was introduced in India in the year 2006 with the store in Indore thereby pioneering a new concept of 'value fashion retailing' in the country. It offered the value conscious customer a alternative of variety without compromising on the quality & latest trends. The concept proved to be an immediate hit.

Since the integration of its first store, Max in a small span has carved a niche for itself by bringing to the Indian customers high quality products with world class shopping experience. we have 50 plus stores in India across 26 cities.

Group's Core Philosophy:

 Carefully pay attention to consumer needs  continually Adapt to changing market

 Always empowering people to strive and deliver  Passion for excellence  Integrity in everything we do

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About Citymax India

Citymax India is the Hospitality division of the Dubai based retail giant Landmark Group, one of the major & most respected retailers in India and the Middle East. The group is well recognized for its Lifestyle chain of retail stores in India. Bringing customers a gamut of choices, Citymax operates in business verticals of Casual Dine in restaurants (Polynation), International Coffee house (Gloria Jean's Coffees) and Family Fun & Entertainment Centers (Fun City) across India.

In recent times, Citymax has signed a franchisee contract with Krispy Kreme Doughnut Corporation for the South and West regions of India. Krispy Kreme (NYSE: KKD) is a most important branded specialty retailer and wholesaler of premium quality sweet treats and complementary products, including its signature Original Glazed® doughnut. Headquartered in Winston-Salem, NC, the Company has offered the highest quality doughnuts and great tasting coffee since it was founded in 1937.

Citymax dream in India is to become an integrated hospitality company by blending luxury with superlative value in all its activities.

Polynation: Polynation offers today's discerning guests, a variety of cookery, be it North Indian, South Indian, Italian, Chinese and continental. The brand brings jointly a mid scale smart casual dining experience. Epitomizing the brand's philosophy 'Great Food, Great Value', Polynation strives to offer their consumers value for money accompanied by great service and ambience. Reach across 12000 sq. ft. with a seating capacity of 250 people, it is operational throughout the day. All in all a great place for the family to relish a bite!

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Gloria Jean's Coffees: initially established 30 years ago, Gloria Jean's Coffees has today turn into a global coffee brand, committed to delivering the ultimate specialty coffee experience. With over 1000 outlets across 39 countries universal, Gloria Jean's Coffees is a leading specialty coffee retailer and

one of the fastest rising franchise organizations in the world. Gloria Jean's Coffees entered the Indian market in 2008 and is expanding across key cities. at present the brand has 27 outlets across Mumbai, Bangalore, New Delhi, Gurgaon, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad and Pune.

About Fun City: Fun City, an international chain of 'Family Entertainment Centres (FEC), is the first free time concept of the retail giant, the Landmark Group. It aims to bring the best of entertainment, amusement, fun options under one roof for the entire family. Fun City offers truly world class facilities with a value for money experience. Fun City is presently having 16 operational outlets across India (Gurgaon, Delhi, Jaipur, Kanpur, Jalandhar, Ludhiana, Ghaziabad, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Mangalore, Ahmedabad, and Coimbatore) Fun City also has an private area demarcated for activities such as celebrating birthday parties, small family gathering and special fun occasions.

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About Krispy Kreme: Krispy Kreme is a leading branded specialty retailer and wholesaler of best quality sweet treats and complementary products, together with its signature Original Glazed® doughnut. Headquartered in Winston- Salem, NC, the Company has offered the highest quality

doughnuts and great tasting coffee since it was founded in 1937. Today, Krispy Kreme can be found in about 694 locations around the world and about 10,000 grocery, convenience and mass merchant stores in the U.S. Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Inc. (NYSE: KKD) is listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

LandmarkShops.com

 Landmark Shops is the Landmark Group's answer to online retail. Built with love and the labor of many smart, talented, knowledgeable and hardworking Land markers, our goal is simple: to build a better online shopping experience.  Over 39 years, the Group has built 17 reliable retail businesses across the Middle East and India. We're thrilled to connect with these wonderful retailers and progressively take them online. About the Web Team

 The Web Team is the digital division of the Landmark Group and the driving force behind Landmark Shops. Born in 2009, and now over 65 strong, we exist to build superior digital products for both our many businesses and their millions of customers.

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 86  They're huge fans of greatness in user experience and design, and merge these into whatever they touch.  When they're not pushing the envelope on Product Strategy, Product Design, Product Management, Product Engineering and Product Marketing, they're downstairs shooting pool or showing off our table tennis skills.

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PETRO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY OF UAE

Petrochemical Industry Profile and Evolution

Petrochemical Cluster The Supreme Petroleum Council (SPC) was established in 1988 as the superior authority responsible fort he petroleum industry in the emirate of Abu Dhabi. The Ruler of Abu Dhabi chairs SPC that formulates and oversees the implementation of Abu Dhabi's petroleum policy and follows up its implementation across all areas of the petroleum industry through Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC), its National Oil Company

Abu Dhabi has the world’s fourth largest oil reserves (97.8 thousands million barrels) and 5th largest natural gas reserves 6 trillion cubic meters (BP, 2011). The evolution of oil and gas industry in Abu Dhabi is illustrated in the above Figure. It started with the first concession that was awarded to Petroleum Development (Trucial Coast) on 11th January 1939, a non-national company, but geological work and exploratory drilling started in February 1950, the first commercial oil discovery was made on 1960 at Bab oil field, and the first shipment of crude was exported from Jebel Dhanna terminal in 1963 prior to the formation of the federation of the United Arab Emirates. In 1971 The Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) was established

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 88 as the State Owned Enterprise in charge of all oil, gas, petrochemical and associated industries. The early 1980s, has witnessed the creation of Ruwais Refinery, Fertil (fertilers) and International Petroleum Investment Company (IPIC) for undertaking international investment in oil and gas assets. For more than a decade long from 1985 to 1998, Abu Dhabi did not undertake any major oil and gas investments other than upgrading and refurbishment existing facilities. It took Abu Dhabi more than four decades to embark on its first down stream petrochemical investment through Abu Dhabi Polymers Company (Borouge) which sits at the center of the petrochemical cluster (refer to Figure-21).

The Petrochemical Business Environment (Cluster Diamond) The petrochemical cluster is shallow, and is dominated by four state owned enterprises. The cluster is clearly supported by the strong oil and gas cluster in the UAE, which provides access to cheap feedstock at the meantime. However, limited availability of feedstock in the future challenges the sustainability of the current privilege. The cluster is also backed by the strong logistics, financial, and educational cluster, however, the domestic demand is insignificant due to absence of convertor industries. The cluster has limited international investments, because of the restrictions imposed on foreign ownership, which challenge the inflow of FDI to the

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 89 cluster. UAE location supports growth in the emerging Asian markets, while local market consumption is still very limited compared to the European region. The following section details the competitiveness drivers and.

Factor Conditions

Feedstock Ethylene is the main building block for petrochemical industries, which is produced from a variety of feedstock that determines petrochemical cost structure and industry margins. Naphtha is the main feedstock used in Europe and Asia produced from refineries and offers higher proportion of co-products e.g. propylene and butadiene, which benzene can be extracted from. However, Abu Dhabi as well as other producers in GCC region generate ethylene from gases such as ethane, propane and butane; a process that does not require a refinery (but it limits the proportion of co-products) which give Abu Dhabi and GCC countries a cost advantage for setting up petrochemical facilities over other regions. Ethane prices are linked to international prices of oil. However, it is difficult to for Abu Dhabi and GCC countries to determine the actual cost of ethane exactly as it is integrated with the upstream oil and gas sectors. The ethane price in Abu Dhabi is estimated at around $1.5/MMBTU compared to $0.75/MMBTU in Saudi Arabia, $1/MMBTU in Kuwait, $1.5/MMBTU in Qatar (Diwan, 2009). Regionally, Abu Dhabi has no cost advantage over ethane feedstock. However it has very significant cost advantage over Western Europe and USA by a factor of 3. The ethylene cost of production from ethane in Abu Dhabi is not known, but it should be little higher than Saudi Arabia ($114/ton) and Qatar ($170/ton), and remains superior over other regions where prices stand at above $400/ton (Diwan, 2009). Propylene (PE) and Polypropylene (PP) cost structure is derived form cracking processes where cost advantage could be gained from close proximity to markets and efficient operations that could be of stretch for state owned enterprises. Therefore, the competitiveness of Abu Dhabi comes mainly from cracking inexpensive ethane but as well as location due to its close proximity to growing markets in Asia. Although Abu Dhabi has the world’s fourth largest oil reserves and fifth largest natural gas reserves, it became a net importer of gas in 2007 due to high

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 90 increase of demand for electricity which is fully generated from gas fired power plants as shown in the below figure. The country has experienced feed gas shortage at power plants that led to electricity blackouts mainly in northern emirates while the capital city Abu Dhabi was saved by the arrival of Qatari gas through Dolphin Pipeline Project. Recently during summer 2011 and another energy crisis unfolded as the northern emirates experienced shortage of gasoline at the pumping stations that signals limited coordination between petroleum industry and other industries.

The growing economy, increase of population and highly subsidized utilities caused domestic oil and natural gas consumption to rise 685,000 b/d and 60.5 billion cubic meters respectively in 2010 as shown in Figure. The demand for electricity in Abu Dhabi will increase by 12% per annum reaching 22,356 MW by 2020 from a baseline figure of 6,885MW. Consequently, power generation feed gas demand will increase from 563,432 million cubic feet to 1,539,729 million cubic feet (ADWEC, 2011). The UAE also has become among the top ten countries consuming electricity in the world at a rate of 12,000 kwh per capita according to World Bank Indicators (WB, 2012), and it has recorded the largest per capita ecological footprint globally of (10.68 gha/person) according to Global Footprint Network (GFN, 2010).

The UAE is member of Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Companies (OPEC) that coordinates petroleum policies among its member countries effectively limiting oil production of Abu Dhabi. It is particularly troublesome for Abu Dhabi as most of the gas reserves are of associated gas type thus increasing production of gas would

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 91 require increase in oil production. Abu Dhabi however progressed ahead with several projects to increase oil production up to 3.5 million b/d up from 2.8 million b/d enabling an increase in gas production from 51 billion cubic meter to 77 billion cubic meters by 2020 (Krane, 2010).

Company Profile

Abu Dhabi Polymers Company Limited

Abu Dhabi Polymers Company Limited also known as Bourge Petrochemicals Borouge is one of the leading provider of innovative, value creating plastics solutions. A joint venture between the Abu Dhabi National Company (ADNOC) one of the world’s major oil and gas companies, and Austria based Borealis, a leading provider of chemical and innovative plastics solutions; Borouge is a groundbreaking international partnership at the forefront of the next generation of plastics innovation.

Borouge’s headquarters is situated in the United Arab Emirates and Singapore and employs approximately 1600 people representing more than 40 nationalities and serves customers in more than 50 countries across the Middle East, Asia-Pacific, Indian sub-continent and Africa.

Building on Borealis’ unique Borstar® technology and experience in Polyolefins for more than 50 years, Borouge provides innovative, value crating plastics solutions for infrastructure (pipe systems, power and communication cables), automotive components and advanced packaging.

In 2010 Borouge has tripled its annual production capacity in Abu Dhabi to 2 million tones and an additional 2.5 million tonnes per year will be introduced by mid-2014 to create the world’s largest integrated polyolefins plant in a single site. Once Borouge project come on stream in mid-2014, Borouge total production capacity will reach to the 4.5 million tonnes per year.

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Borouge is also investing in plants and logistics hubs in Asia and a state of the art Innovation Centre in Abu Dhabi. Borouge is Focused on value Creation through Innovation, Borouge ensure that its customers throughout the value chain, around the world, can always rely on superior products and security of supply.

Borouge is committed to the principles of Responsible Care and proactively contributes towards addressing the world’s water and sanitation challenges through its Water for the World™ initiative.

Polyolefin manufacturer Borouge expects the expansion of its complex in Ruwais, Abu Dhabi, to be fully on stream in mid-2014, following completion of construction by end-2013. The Borouge expansion will add capacities of 1.5mn tonnes per annum (tpa) ethylene, feeding large polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) units.

The planned Chemaweyaat complex, which Abu Dhabi hopes that it will be the world’s largest petrochemical complex, will include an olefins plant, an aromatics complex and a range of downstream polymer and chemicals units. It is due to enter production in 2015, but BMI believes that 2016 is more realistic. The first part of the development, Tacaamol, will use heavy naphtha feed for its aromatics units and a lighter naphtha feed to supply a mixed-feed cracker producing 1.5mn tpa ethylene and 690,000tpa propylene. These will feed downstream plants producing polymers, xylenes and other derivatives.

Over the last quarter BMI has revised the following forecasts/views: - By 2016, BMI expects ethylene capacity of 5mn tpa in the UAE, up from an estimated 2mn tpa in 2011, with PE more than tripling to 3.52mn tpa and PP rising by nearly 170% to 2.14mn tpa over the period.

- Key issues that will have an impact on the market include the effect of spreads between naphtha and ethane and the strength of Chinese market. While ethane may be cheaper, the heavy use of naphtha in its feedstock mix will put the UAE in a better position than Qatar and Saudi Arabia as it attempts to diversify downstream production.

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- In BMI’s Middle Eastern petrochemicals risk/reward ratings (RRRs) matrix, the UAE registers a score of 63.7 points, unchanged since the previous quarter. This quarter, the UAE remains in 2nd place, 2.9 points ahead of Kuwait and 13.9 points behind the regional leader Saudi Arabia. Whether the UAE retains its position will depend on its ability to stay ahead of Qatar in country risk ratings, coupled with the further expansion of Borouge in 2013 and the proposed Chemaweyaat which is set to bolster its petrochemicals capacity.

TRADE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIA AND UAE

UAE enjoys close economic and cultural relations with India. Close maritime contact between India and the Arabian peninsula date back to 3rd and 2nd millennium BC. and textile and spice trade between the two countries flourished during most of 1 millennium AD.

The discovery of oil allowed the UAE to increase and diversify its trade relations with India. In 2008-09, India emerged as the largest trade partner of the UAE with bilateral trade between the two countries exceeding US$44.5 billion. During the first half of 2010, non-oil trade between India and the UAE stood at US$20.4 billion. UAE is home to more than 1.75 million Indian expatriates, making Indians the second largest ethnic group in the Arab nation.

Oman India Fertiliser Company (OMIFCO) is an India-Oman joint venture established to construct, own and operate a modern world scale two-train ammonia- urea fertilizer manufacturing plant (production capacity of 1,750 tonnes per day) at the Sur Industrial Estate in the Sultanate of Oman. The Government of India has agreed to purchase OMIFCO’s entire urea output under a 15-year Urea Off Take Agreement on predetermined prices, while the Sultanate of Oman has committed to supply the gas feedstock for the life of the project. The project is mainly focused on producing urea (annual capacity of 1.63million metric tons) andammonia (1.15 million metric tons).Shareholders in OMIFCO are Oman Oil Company (50%), Krishak Bharati Cooperative Limited (25%) and Indian Farmers Fertilizers Cooperative (25%).

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There are a number of joint ventures and investments undertaken by UAE companies in India. EMMAR, a real estate company of Dubai Government, is active in the real estate sector having already set up a major township, an international conventioncentre and a golf course in Hyderabad. Emaar and India's MGF Development Limited, joined together to form India's largest FDI in real estate amounting to over half a billion dollars for projects with a capital outlay of US$4 billion (Rs.18,000 crore) and constructed flats for the Commonwealth Games (2010) Village.

Dubai Ports World is now operating 6 major Ports in India at Nhava Sheva, Navi Mumbai, Chennai, etc, following its acquisition of the P&O of U.K. DP World was awarded a $150 million contract in 2007 for work on construction of the International Container Transshipment Terminal (ICTT) at Vallarpadam in Kochi (Kerala). The first phase of the ICTT Project at Vallarpadam (Kochi) was inaugurated by Prime Minister on - February 11, 2011. The terminal currently has a capacity to handle one million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent container units). The planned capacity at Vallarpadam, when fully expanded, is three million TEUs, making it the country's largest container terminal.

In Gujarat - UAE's company "Dubai Port World", a leader in international marine terminal operations has a 100% equity stake in the $364.77 million "Mundra International Container Terminal" (MICT) facility and executes full operational control.

Ras al-Khaimah (RAK) signed a MoU for a JV with Govt. of A.P for setting up a one million tonne per annum Alumina plant and a 250,000 tonne aluminium smelter. RAK, represented by the RAK Investment Authority (RAKIA), will set up a registered company in India to set up the plant which would use the bauxite resources available in A.P. RAK has already commissioned the RAK ceramics factory located at Kakinada in AP.

UAE tile manufacturer, RAK Ceramics India, plans to set up a tile plant in Ahmedabad, at an investment of $150 million. The plant will be commissioned by early-2012. Many UAE companies have signed MoUs with many state Governments in real estate and construction fields.

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UAE AMBASSADOR MEETS WITH THE GUJARAT CHAMBER OF COMMERCE AND INDUSTRY In his first ever visit to Ahmedabad, capital of Gujarat, Mohamed Sultan Abdalla Al Owais,UAE Ambassdor in India, met with officials of the Gujarat Chamber of Commerce & Industry (GCCI) and their member companies in Ahmedabad on 24 May, 2011.

An interactive meeting was organised by GCCI to further strengthen the trade and economic relations between the UAE and India. Ambassador briefed the GCCI and its members about various opportunities UAE presents for Indian companies in the renewable energy, chemicals, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals and education sectors. Ambassador called for a closer co-operation between UAE and Gujarat based companies in Research and Development in the renewable and organic food sector.

Potential for import / export in India / Gujarat Market

UAE companies are in talk with Gujarat Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd (GACL) Proposes to set up caustic soda facility in UAE.

State -owned Gujarat Alkalies & Chemicals Ltd (GACL), the country’s largest caustic soda manufacturer, is in talks with a UAE-based business group for setting up a caustic soda manufacturing facility in the UAE.

The Rs 1,200-crore GACL has asked the foreign player to conduct a market survey

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 96 to assess the demand for caustic-chlorine products in the UAE.

The GACL officials were in Dubai recently to take this further. “The UAE-based entity had approached GACL seeking its co-operation to establish a caustic soda manufacturing plant in the UAE. Currently, a market survey is being carried out on the type of ancillary industries present there and the requirement of caustic and chlorine in the UAE,” sources close to the development told Business Standard.

They said the nature of collaboration would be finalised only after the results of the survey were out. The market survey is likely to take around four months. While the name of the group is not known, it is a leading business houses with operations in the UAE. GACL is also said to be open to the idea of joining hands with the foreign player.

GACL managing director Guruprasad Mohapatra believes that there is a good potential for caustic soda and chlor-alkali business in the West Asia. “If things work out, the production capacity of the plant may be in the range of 750 tonnes per day (tpd) to 1,000 tpd,” sources said.

Business Opportunities in Future

In Gujarat - UAE's company "Dubai Port World", a leader in international marine terminal operations has a 100% equity stake in the $364.77 million "Mundra International Container Terminal" (MICT) facility and executes full operational control.

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Another UAE's tiles manufacture, RAK (Ras Al Khaimah) Ceramics India, plans to set up a tile plant in Ahmedabad, at an invest that of $150 million. The plant will be commissioned by early-2012. The Khalifa Industrial Zone Abu Dhabi (Kizad) spread over 417 sq km near Abu Dhabi is eager to attract Indian companies in metals, petrochemicals and pharmaceuticals sector for setting up their units. Kizad, which is a part of Abu Dhabi Ports Company (ADPC) and controlled by the UAE Government, is offering a series of sops including complete income tax and customs duty holiday, 50 year-long bankable agreements, zero restriction profit repatriation and power tariffs at Rs 1.80 a unit to the companies.

Industry sources said that Kizad management, which is doing its road shows in Mumbai for promoting the zone, have already held preliminary talks with two of the largest industrial groups in India for setting up their units there. Kizad is located between Abu Dhabi and Dubai and in close proximity to the Khalifa deepwater seaport. The industrial zone is currently offering sea, air and road connectivity, while rail network is under construction. Mr Khaled Salmeen, Executive Vice-President of Industrial Zones at ADPC, told mediapersons on Wednesday that Kizad is a cornerstone of the Abu Dhabi's economic vision 2030, which aims at diversifying the economy and making it less dependent on revenues from oils and gas business.

“In 2008, our economy was $104 billion and by 2030 we want to grow it to $416 billion, where manufacturing would be an important component of the economy,” Mr Salmeen said. Kizad's phase I, which is spread over 51 sq km has already been launched with an investment of about $7.2 billion. Foreign companies can set up units with the help of joint ventures or they could set up their own 100 per cent subsidiary. Mr Salmeen added that Kizad has already tied up with HSBC for debt financing and it is also in the process of tying up with Indian banks for the same.

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TOURISM INDUSTRY OF UAE

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven autonomous Sheikhdoms with total land area of 83,600 square kilometres. The seven emirates are Abu D habi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, Fujairah, Umm al Qaiwan and Ajman.

In the Middle East, UAE is the largest outbound travel market in terms of expe nditureand the second largest in terms of the number of outbound trips after Saudi Arabia.

Summer vacations in UAE are much anticipated. During this three month period (June end to September first week), Emirates look for countries which can offer them a holiday destination to relax, rejuvenate and give them respite from the scorching heat in their country. European and Far East destination are the most preferred, as the massive amounts of bulk bookings with travel operators suggest.

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UAE National Council of Tourism & Antiquities

Introduction to the United Arab Emirates National Council of Tourism & Antiquities In December 2009, Abdul Rahman Bin Mohammad Al Owais, UAE Minister of Culture, Youth and Community Development and Chairman of the National Council of Tourism and Antiquities (NCTA) presided over the first meeting of the board of directors of the NCTA in Dubai.

The meeting laid the foundation for the NCTA .A federal entity and that will be an overall umbrella that covers all the activities and events related to tourism and antiquities in the country and abroad.

The council's ability to contribute effectively in promoting the UAE tourism sector plays an important role in future economic income of the UAE.

Vision

To position the United Arab Emirates as the leading tourism hub regionally and globally

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Mission

Consolidation of efforts between the tourism authorities in UAE to identify UAE as a leading tourism hub and co-ordinate the efforts to preserve and maintain UAE’s antiquities through unified external representation and co-operation with international organizations also governmental and non-government.

Values

 Leadership: Create young leaders that can simulate a group of people to work towards a common goal.  Excellence: Adopt principles of excellence and strive for continuous improvement.  Respect: Respect the cultural values and principles of local community and history, the expectations of visitors and the needs of employees  Learning: Adopt an active role in continuous learning and the formation of educational experiences.  Credibility & Transparency: Ensure all interactions reflect the cultural values of transparency, credibility and morals  Sustainability: Embed social, environment and economic outcomes in all that is done  Innovation: Appreciation of creativity and encouragement of new ideas and innovations.

Language:

Arabic is the official & national language for the UAE. English is widely spread in UAE that is why traffic and roads signage also stores and supermarkets signboards and restaurant menus are all available in both languages. Spoken and written Arabic is widely used more in streets and shop signboards as you move away out of cities and villages.

Population:

According toe report issued by National Bureau of Statistics in which estimates the UAE population 8.19 millions in 2010, indicate an increment up by 125 thousands

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 101 from 2009 census. In which the population stood at 8.07 millions. The report classifies 1.9 million to age group of 15 to 59 year whereas 1.3 million are 60 or over.

UAE is one of GCC attracting several Arab and Asian nationals as well as Europeans and Americans, It is not overstated to say that all nationalities gather in this magnificent, faith tolerant, law abiding and personal freedom country which encourage residents to stay longer.

Religion:

Islam is the official religion in UAE. Its rituals are widely practiced. Friday is special religious day in Islam which is based on the testimony "No god but Allah and that Mohamed is the Messenger of Allah. Muslim should pray five times a day in different times depending on location of sun. Call to prayers is held from the mosque Minaret through loudspeakers.The UAE constitution guarantees freedom of religions which harmonies with the Emirati society traditions.

Currency

The local currency is the dirham (Dhs) also known as the Arab Emirate Dirham (AED). The currency is tied to the US dollar 1US$ = Dhs 3.67. Coins include: Dhs 1, 50 fils and 25 fils. Notes are of Dhs 5, 10, 20, 50, 10, 200, 500 and 1,000 denominations.

Time

Local time is GMT + 4 hours, all year round.

Clothing

Apart from the winter evenings when shawls and jackets may be required, lightweight summer clothing is suitable for most of the year. In order to respect the national customs, conservative dress is advised. In public places ladies should cover their shoulders and the rest of the body down to the knees.

National Dress

Distinctive and unique to this region men wear the immaculately pressed, elegant long cotton white robe or dishwashers. A gahfiya or small white crocheted skullcap is

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 102 worn under the headdress or guttrah that is held in place by the twisted black woollen braid known as the agal. For important occasions. The dishdasha is covered by themishlah, a flowing brown or black mantle, edged with gold braid. Women usually wear a black cloak or abaya that conceals the body from head to toe and they cover their hair with a black headscarf or sheyla. Some of the older women still wear a canvas mask called the burqa that covers the eyebrows, mouth.

Places of interests all over UAE

 Abu Dhabi  Rub Al Khali  Al Jahili Fort  Al Hosn Palace  Al Mezyad Fort  The Guggenheim Abu Dhabi  Al Ain Palace Museum  Liwa Oasis  White Fort and Cultural Foundation  Al Maqta Fort  Jebel Hafeet  Saadiyat Island Abu Dhabi  Yas Island  The Heritage Village  Madinat Zayed Gold Souk  Iranian Souk  Al Ain Old Prison  Women’s Handicraft Centre  Petroleum Exhibition  Al Ain Zoo & Aquarium  Al Ain Central Gardens  Lulu Island  Dhow Harbor  Emirates Palace Hotel  Bateen Shipyard  Volcano Fountain

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 The Abu Dhabi Corniche  Louvre Abu Dhabi  Hili Archaeological Gardens

 Dubai  Dubai Gold Souk  Spice Souk  Hatta Village (Heritage Village) in Dubai  Heritage and Diving Village  Hatta  Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum House (Museum)  Dubai Beaches  Burj Khalifa  Al Ahmadiya School  Souk Madinat Jumeirah  Dhow Cruise  Dubai Heritage Village  Naif Fort  Dubai Marina  Dubai Zoo  Ras Al Khor Sanctuary  Emirates Towers Boulevard  Dubai Festival City  Burj Al Arab  The Dubai Creek  Atlantis The Palm  Old District of Bastakiya  Burj Nahar  Bait Al Wakeel  Bedouin Village  Dubai Museum  Grand Mosque  Jumeira Mosque

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 Sharjah  Green Belt Park  Al Majaz Park  Al Jazeera Fun Park  Sharjah Maritime Museum  Sharjah Museum of Islamic Civilization  Sharjah Aquarium  Sharjah Desert Park  Sharjah Natural History & Botanical Museum  Arabia’s Wildlife Centre  Children’s Farm  Sharjah Discovery Centre  Sharjah Science Museum  Al Mahatta Museum  Al Qasba  Eye of the Emirates  Al Khan Lagoon to Al Mamzar Lagoon  Al Khan Beach  Al Corniche Beach  Sharjah Heritage Village  Sharjah Archaeology Museum  Sharjah Art Museum  Sharjah Calligraphy Museum  Sharjah Hisn Fort  Bait Al Naboodah  Bait Khalid Bin Ibrahim  Bait Sheikh Saeed Bin Hamed Al Qasimi  Al Eslah School Museum

 Ajman  Dhow Building Yard

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 Khor al-Beidah  Ajman Museum  Mowaihat

 Umm Al Quwain  The Dhow Building Yard  Islands of Umm Al Quwain  Umm Al Quwain Museum  Umm Al Quwain's Corniche  The Dhow Building Yard  The Aquarium  Al Dur  Sinaiyah island

 Ras Al Khaimah  Tower Links Golf  Khatts Springs Oasis and Resort  National Museum of Ras Al Khaimah  Hajar Mountains  Al Marjan Island  Hudaibiyah Tower  Sheeba’s Palace  Shimal Archeological Site  Wadi Bih  Al Falayah  Yibir Mountain  Dhayah Fort

 Fujairah  Masafi  Souk Al Juma (Friday Market)  Fujairah Museum  Ain Al Madhab Gardens

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 Bull Butting  Fujairah Fort  Heritage Village  Al Bithna Fort  Al Wurrayah Spring Waterfalls  Ain Al Ghmour Sulphuric Spring  Al Bidya Mosque

Dubai is the most visited place by the tourists from all over the world. Dubai is beautiful and wonderful place with many tall buildings, sophisticated infra-structure, deserts, and beautiful beaches. Dubai has many things to see many historic places few must have experiences that are only available in Dubai like desert safari, Dhow cruise dinner, etc. Given below are the top best places that you should not miss visiting.

1. Burj Khalifa

This is one among the tallest building in the world with 160floors and on 124th floor it has observation deck from where you can see spectacular and unparalleled view of Dubai. This is the most visited place by the tourists in Dubai this is not only

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 107 tallest building, but also, the elevator that takes you to the top observation deck is also the fastest elevator in the world. Witness a unique and enticing experience of seeing the most stunning creation of mankind.

2. The Palm Islands

These are manmade islands they are so good large that one can view from their home with naked eyes. The islands are known as Palm Jebel Ali and Palm Jumeirah. These beautiful islands are crafted in shape of palm trees. These islands are just striking and too good so do not miss visiting these.

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3. Burj Al Arab Hotel

This is one and only seven star hotel in the world, with unlimited luxuries inside. The hospitality the food the ambiance, rooms are incredible you will fell in love with this hotel. Burj Al Arab hotel is an ultimate experience to stay or visit this restaurant. This is one of the most photographed buildings in the world as it is truly wonderful and a matchless hotel. The food served is too yummy with different palates.

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4. Dubai Museum

This is one of the oldest buildings that were built in 1787. The main aim of the Dubai museum is to present to public the traditional way of life that was led by people in Dubai. This is a must go place to see an historic glimpse of Dubai, this museum shows local olden days and also, shows relics from Asian and African countries which traded with Dubai.

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5. Desert safari and beaches

The Dubai desert safari is one thrilling experience that you must have you are taken on the rollercoaster ride on the Land cruiser and left in the mid of golden desert where you see exotic belly dancers dancing and have a barbeque dinner. Other than that Dubai has many beaches which are known for their spectacular beauty the sands are as soft as velvet and water as clear as crystal.

Dubai is a wonder land, which has ample of things to see and experience hence this is also one of the most sought out locations among the people around the world. Kumar love to write on several tours and travel spot around world especially on Dubai tourist spot.

Events & Celebrations

There are several actions and carnivals in the UAE throughout the year, and hardly a month passes by without a recreational, shopping, traditional or art event. It is worth mentioning some of the facilities and carnivals which attract many visitors from

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 111 particularly these facilities and carnivals coincide with several seasonal holidays and festivals.

 Abu Dhabi classical music festival:

The first musical event in the Arab world which introduces a series of art performance throughout the year.

 Woo mad festival:

The first art festival of its kind to link east and west arts in a globally unique show.

 Sharjah Biennial:

An international fine art aims to support and guide the Arabic fine art movement. Held every two years in the Emirate of Sharjah with a contribution by Arab and foreign countries. The aim of the festival is to introduce the civilized and cultural role of the Arab artist corporations and establishments.

 Fujairah shopping festival:

Fujairah shopping festival aims at leading the tourism, economic, cultural and social tourism face of the Emirate of Fujairah and to make it a tourism investment center in the region.

 Fujairah International monodrama festival:

A theatre demonstration introduced by the Emirate of Fujairah every two years to celebrate theatre role which improve people awareness and improve their taste for art away from the usual glory of prizes and competitions.

 Ajman shopping festival:

A recreational and cultural demonstration attracts many visitors. The festival introduces several religious and cultural competitions which add glory to the festival.

 Dubai shopping festivals:

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A festival which attracts visitors through a month long event where lights and recreational shows cover the city as well as the promotions offered by shopping centers in the Emirate of Dubai.

 Dubai cinema festival:

The pioneer cinema festival in the middle east which represent a platform for the Arab cinematic to present their creativity to international and Arab audiences who contribute greatly to the cinema industry in the region.

 Sharjah water festival:

A first class family recreational festival which attracts families to entertainment and recreations in an educational promotional way. The festival promotes Sharjah as a family tourist attraction destination.

 Sharjah lights festival:

An international festival which relies on drawing-using-light where light and music meet in a unique harmony to draw a creative show on the Islamic style unique buildings that distinguish Sharjah.

 RAK Arabian camel festival:

Camel racing is considered the most popular pan-gulf region sport and particularly in the UAE. RAK festival attracts many of this traditional Arabian sport.

 Umm Al Quwain shopping festival:

It is distinguished by its cultural, shopping style and traditional diversity which represents the way of life of this beautiful Emirate.

ROLE & ACTIVITES OF NCTA TOURSIM

 NCTA Role in UAE

The National Council for Tourism and Antiquities, in cooperation with the World Tourism Organization, the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism, with the aim of upgrading the level of tourism awareness among all segments of society and interest

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 113 in tourism as a principal of sustainable development and awareness of the free movement of tourists as well as the rights and duties of workers in the tourism industry as well as apply the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism. The Council a set of principles developed by the World Tourism Organization of the United Nations, to serve as a guide and a guide containing everything related to sustainable tourism development, as it seeks the Code to minimize the negative impacts of tourism on environment and cultural heritage, and to increase the size of the benefits they bring to the communities living near of tourist sites.

 The council has launched several initiatives in a series to raise awareness of tourism initiated by the book "The effects of the UAE" and followed to this 7 and Mazda on one side," then the Global Code.  The awareness and understanding of peoples, tolerance and respect for the tourist, and service providers and appreciation generated from the benefits of economic, cultural, and tourism depend on The social life of the country, with the need to show the customs and traditions, which are a magnet for tourists who looking for recognition and convergence with the customs and traditions of other peoples.  The concerted efforts of the State and its citizens to support efforts to develop tourism and archaeological awareness, contribute to the process of urban development and balanced human, for being a tool of interaction between cultures and peoples.  NCTA to establish the concept that the tourism industry is the industry of the future and to support awareness-raising initiatives to consolidate the cultural, social, environmental and tourism and economic, in order to upgrade the industry through the dissemination of tourism awareness and promotion behaviors in charge between the different.  The Code contains ten principles designed to give guidance in respect of tourism development for governments and workers in the tourism sector, visitors and local and international authorities’ relevant sector to good role of tourism as a sustainable development.  The ten principles as tourism using the heritage of humanity's cultural and contributor to the promotion, NCTA tourism activity is beneficial to the countries and host communities, and promoting the rights and obligations of

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stakeholders in tourism development, and the rights of workers in the tourism industry, and it is a right for all allowing the free movement of tourists, all of these principles were applied to the principles of the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism.  The Code includes a global interpretations of each item ten so that stakeholders in tourism development commitment in their behavior, and suggest explanations that they are understanding and the promotion of moral values recognized in human behavior.  The principles for public authorities to protect tourists and visitors and their property, and must pay special attention to the safety of foreign tourists by virtue of their status, which facilitates the exposure to risk, and to facilitate them to use the means of access to information and prevention security and insurance and assistance that they need.  The principles strongly condemn any attacks or attacks or kidnappings or the threat of or employed by the tourism and severely punish, in accordance with national laws.

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 NCTA Tourism Council activities

 The Governing Council of the National Council for Tourism and Antiquities, , Minister of Culture, Youth and Community Development topics on the agenda dealing with tourism activity and Archaeological Council locally and internationally.  NCTA was attended by Mohammed Khamis Al Muhairi, Director General of National Council for Tourism and Antiquities and the board members, access to the minutes of the fourth meeting of the Governing Council, which was held on November 19, 2012 and its executive orders, approval and signing of the record by the Chairman and members  The participants on the general tourist guidance system common to the UAE and report by the Council which will contribute to the organization of tourist guides at the state level.

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 The meeting reviewed the final report of the work of the Committee for Study of the revenues of the National Council for Tourism and Antiquities next to discuss the archaeological awareness by the Council between the various local and community.  UAE in major exhibitions for the years 2014 - 2016 also discussed participation in the first meeting of the joint committee between the United Arab Emirates and the Republic of Indonesia.  The Board of Directors reviewed the report to participate in the thirty-sixth meeting of the Committee of the World Tourism Organization for the Middle East and events best practices in the field of digital marketing and meeting addressed the report.  The preliminary list represents the State in the Board of Directors of the Regional Centre for World Heritage in Bahrain.

LAW OF UAE TOURISM

The UAE Ministry of published research that stated 72 per cent of expats in the UAE lack knowledge of local customs and traditions. In addition, only one-third of the 2,000 respondents surveyed said they to set aside any time to find out more about local culture.

This kind of complacency, according to the article, results in “Many expats enduring court trials, facing social embarrassment and suffering a long list of inconveniences – simply due to not knowing the rules.” Ignorance of the country’s moral boundaries is resulting in an increase in incidents of expats falling foul of the law.

Emirates 24|7 listed ten rules that have often cropped up in cases where expats have claimed ignorance of the law, but not escaped its effects.

 No kissing, no touching

If you have been residing in the UAE for a while, you might already have figured it out. Holding hands may be OK, but kissing and petting is not. Expect a tap on your shoulder or a correcting finger reminding you to abide by the local customs, deeming this behaviour inappropriate.

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 No swearing/making indecent gestures

Not everybody will be offended by it to the same extent, but in the UAE it is forbidden. “No swearing and no indecent gesturing” is the warning in many tourist guidebooks as it has occurred in the past that unaware foreign visitors or residents have been fined or imprisoned for expressing themselves in a way that is not be appreciated in the UAE. Giving the finger pulling out your tongue and even a somewhat aggressive hand move are all considered indecent . Moving your thumb up and down hoping to catch a hitch hike is not done and pointing at something or someone is considered impolite.

 No taking pictures of others without permission

Again, it will most likely involve the innocent, unaware tourist who likes to capture images of everything looking just a little different than back home. Any person being captured on camera in any public space in the UAE can bring the photographer to court.

Especially women and families are sensitive towards the issue. Fines are the result.

 Disrespecting any religion

Religious values are widely respected in the UAE committing blasphemy or sacrilege against any religion is considered deeply offensive. Islam being the official religion of the UAE some simple rules are followed in order to show respect and avoid misunderstandings, states the Code of Conduct.

It is important to be aware of these rules, as religious values may not be the same all over the world. When a newspaper contains the name of the Prophet (PBUH), do not use it as wrapping paper. When you hear the call for prayer, do not disrupt its sound in an obvious way. Do not forget that during Ramadan rules are different all together.

 No sharing private space with opposite sex

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Strictly speaking sharing a private space with a member of the opposite sex when not related by family ties or marriage is forbidden. Private space would be a house, room, hotel room and even car.

Certain behaviour is tolerated. Hotel reservations are easily made for unmarried couples wanting to share a room and there are many cases of single men and women sharing a villa, apartment and even a room. Any punishment depends on the situation.

 No indecent clothing

Another way the UAE decency law may affect the unsuspecting resident is by the guidelines it puts on clothing. Summer heat may tempt you to pull out the most exotic outfit . Visitors have to parade and mingle in the place where it’s all about the looks. Wrong again.

In public places, guidelines say shorts and skirts need to be of appropriate length not to indecently expose parts of the body, be transparent, or display obscene or offensive pictures and slogans. On beaches rules are more lenient; swimwear is accepted but should be appropriate. Top-less sunbathing or the wearing of a thong is not allowed.

 Entry Regulations

Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Persian Gulf (GCC) and citizens of a number of states in Europe and elsewhere (including Australia and New Zealand) can get a free entry permit stamped in their passport upon arrival, good for up to 90 days. Visitors from other nationalities require the sponsorship of any U.A.E. resident or any company or hotel licensed to operate within the U.A.E. and are limited to a 30-day stay.

Citizens of the UK, France, Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Switzerland, Austria, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Portugal, Greece, Cyprus, Finland, Malta, Spain, Monaco, Vatican, USA, Iceland, Andorra, San Marino, Liechtenstein, Hungary, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Brunei, Singapore, Malaysia and Hong Kong may stay for up to 30 days without a visa. Citizens of Ireland may stay for 60 days with a 30-day stamped entry permit, with the option to extend to 90 days for a

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 119 fixed charge. As of 2 January 2011, Canadian citizens must acquire a visa prior to travelling to the United Arab Emirates.

Present Trade of tourism affects GDP in UAE & INDIA

Comparison of GDP of Indian and UAE Tourism Industry

 UAE Tourism contributed 14% to UAE's GDP in 2012

A recent report by the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) showed that the UAE's travel and tourism industry is growing at a faster pace than the world growth average, Arabian Business reported.

According to the report, the tourism sector contributed 14 percent to the UAE economy in 2012, well above the global trend of 9 percent.

The report also said that the industry brought USD52.7 billion to the Gulf state's gross domestic product in 2012, expecting the figure to increase by 3.2 percent this year.

The data released by the WTTC also showed that one in nine of all jobs in the country are resulting from the industry, which beats the global average of one in 11 jobs.

Travel and tourism has created a total of 383,500 jobs in the UAE in 2012 and is expected to further rise by 2.6 percent to 393,500 jobs this year, compared with a global expected increase of 1.7 percent, the data showed. WTTC said that USD22.54 billion or almost 23 percent of the country's total investment last year, was injected into the industry in 2012, and the amount is expected to rise by 12 percent in 2013. It is worth noting that the UAE is expected to receive a total of 25.8 million tourists

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 120 over the next 10 years, generating visitor expenditure of USD56.4 billion, an increase of 5 percent per annum.

LAST PREVIOUS HIGH LOW

GDP GROWTH RATE 4.90 4.20 9.80 -4.80

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the United Arab Emirates expanded 4.90 percent in 2012 from the previous year. GDP Annual Growth Rate in the United Arab Emirates is reported by the National Bureau of Statistics, UAE.

Indian Tourism GDP contributed 6.4% to Nation’s GDP

The Travel & Tourism industry in India is almost three times bigger than the size of automotive manufacturing industry and generates more jobs than the chemical manufacturing, automotive manufacturing, communications and mining sectors added together.

This is according to new research from the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) sponsored by American Express, released today at the ‘WTTC’s India Initiative Retreat’ in Bekal, Kerala, India.

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The research, undertaken by Oxford Economics, shows that the sector’s direct contribution to India’s GDP is INR2 billion which is almost three times more than the contribution of automotive manufacturing.

Travel & Tourism’s total contribution – including direct, indirect and induced impacts - to GDP in India was INR6.7 billion around 6.4% of total GDP. This compares to 3.3% for automotive manufacturing, 4.5% for education and 3.7% for the mining industry.

Supporting 39 million direct, indirect and induced jobs in India, Travel & Tourism generates more jobs than the mining industry and communications services.

It also highlights that Travel & Tourism is a significant source of export revenue for India.In 2011, visitor exports totaled INR950 billion which was 12% of all service exports and 3.9% of all exports. The study compared the effect of Travel & Tourism spending on GDP and the wider economy.

LAST PREVIOUS HIGH LOW

GDP GROWTH RATE 1.30 0.80 5.80 -1.70

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 122 The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in India expanded 1.30 percent in the fourth quarter of 2012 over the previous quarter. GDP Growth Rate in India is reported by the OECD.

ANALYSIS

UAE is worth noting that the UAE is expected to receive a total of 25.8 million tourists over the next 10 years, generating visitor expenditure of USD56.4 billion, an increase of 5 percent per annum.

INDIA highlights that Travel & Tourism is a significant source of export revenue for India. In 2011, visitor exports totaled INR950 billion which was 12% of all service exports and 3.9% of all exports. Thus, The UAE Tourism growing faster than Indian Tourism Industry. UAE’s tourism Industry contributed more amounts of revenue in GDP rather than of India.

Present Position and Trend of Tourism with UAE &INDIA

 UAE tourism sector Revenue growth (67%) to the 2016  Tourism development extending to the four corners of the Emirates as ATM 2013 road show series censorship up in Dubai

 The road show in Dubai, which was the largest event with 140 delegates, comes at a time when the UAE tourism receipts are forecast to rise by 67% over the next few years. The region is now entering a new era of stability and increased connectivity and expansion of existing infrastructure.

 A recent Dubai Chamber study, supported by statistics published by Business Monitor International, puts UAE tourism sector growth at 6.5% per annum between 2011 to 2021, with visitors from the Middle East, Employment growth prospects for the sector are also buoyant, with a forecast annual real growth rate of around 4.1%.

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 Tourist arrivals in the UAE are forecast to grow at a CAGR of 5.3% between 2012 and 2022, with hotel supply also expected to increase from the current 96,992 hotel rooms in Dubai and Abu Dhabi, to a total of 125,383 hotel rooms in 2016.

 The emirate of Dubai continues to build on impressive performance levels. In November 2012, year-to-date occupancy of 80% was up 2% on 2011 according to Ernst & Young’s 2012 Middle East Hotel Benchmark Survey.

 Dubai International Airport, which is currently ranked the fourth busiest airport in the world in terms of international passengers, recorded total passenger traffic in the first 11 months of 2012 at 52.3 million travellers, up 13.1% against 2011, with passenger numbers forecast to reach 56.5 million in 2012, and 98 million by 2020.

 Abu Dhabi has recorded similarly buoyant figures with 2012 another record year according to the Abu Dhabi Tourism & Culture Authority (TCA Abu Dhabi), which revealed that in 2012 it welcomed 2.3 million hotel guests to the emirate’s hotels and hotel apartments, representing a 13% rise on 2011 figures. Hotel revenues for the same period also increased by 6% to US$ 1.261 billion.

 The tourism plans to position itself as nature-focused tourism destinations are gaining momentum by 2021, the emirate expects around 20% of its GDP to be generated by tourism-related activities. The northern emirate is aiming to 10,000 rooms by 2016 with a US$218 million commitment to tourism development from the government.

Future Aspects of UAE tourism

 Dubai Shopping Festival Gives a big boost to UAE Tourism

DSF (Dubai Shopping Festival) 2013 promise a lot of entertainment programs and events for their visitors. There are numerous programs that have been organized for different segment of people. Special efforts have been taken to ensure that every

Parul Institute of Management and Research - 792 Page 124 guest is well taken care of throughout their visit to the festival. This is because of their impressive and exclusive festival ideas people around the ball eagerly wait for celebrating this festival. Dubai got the name as the city of gold during an awareness campaign held at the Dubai Shopping festival. The establishment of Dubai invites many celebrities and esteemed people all over the world. It was at this time, when this festival was called as Dubai Shopping Festival. At that time they had come up with an unusual idea of global village. Through this festival the authorities exhibit the culture and styles of Dubai. Such was the success of this festival that the authorities to an oath to organize this festival every year. This festival has attracted many visitors’ crossways the world and is best known for their hospitality.

This festival is known to be the most successful and main entertainment and shopping programs that are conducted every year. A part from entertainment programs this festival also plays a essential part in the development of tourism in Dubai. It also boosts the economic condition of the country. Large number of tourists has been increasing every year, and it has been productively providing a platform for international talents to exhibit their skills. Not only that the tourist also gets an opportunity to feel the luxury and culture of the country.

 Retailers participating in DSF are pulling in tourists with promotional activities,

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counting discounts, freebies, and raffle draws. Dubai: This year’s Dubai Shopping Festival (DSF) is expected to see up to eight per cent increase in visitor numbers compared to last year’s show, according to experts.  Dubai played host to 4.3 million visitors last year during the shopping festival. And this year, the growth rate is expected to be “7 to 8 per cent”,  The 32-day-long shopping festival opened on January 3 and will run until February 3.  “DSF plays a good role in ornamental tourism, especially from GCC countries.

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CONCLUSIONS & SUMMARY

Conclusion (DIAMOND INDUSTRY)

 Dubai is the 3rd largest diamond jewellery seller in the world  India export 147 million caret diamond in last year by kiran export  India and Dubai trade relation is good but need to more government support from the Indian government  Indian government to reduce the duty on the diamond and gold  Ddamas and gitanjali group develop the stage to sells a diamond jewellery in the India  Damas have so many contracts with the different country’ big jewellery sell  UAE government also help to diamond trade policy and help to organise a diamond trade fair in the country  In the UAE trade of diamond is positive because so many shop and particular jweri market and also 3rd largest diamond jewellery seller in the world  Without kp certificate diamond trade is un legal and take action against the person trade diamond  Dubai hosts inaugural pearl auction  Dubai diamond trade rises 22% to 182m carats  Dubai's rough diamond trade reaches US$3.03bn in first half 2008  Dubai to host world's first Pearl Forum  UAE set to become jewel of global diamond trade  D'damas is one of the most popular jewellery brand in the country today with a presence in over 159 towns

CONCLUSION (TEXTILE INDUSTRY)

The business incorporation process of a company in Dubai is undoubtedly hassle- free.

1. There is no income tax, capital gains tax, and inheritance tax in the UAE. Corporation tax is applied only to banks and companies in the oil industry.

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2. Most Emirati males prefer to wear a kandura, an ankle-length white tunic woven from wool or cotton, and most Emirati women wear an abaya, a black over-garment covering most parts of the body. 3. Its importance is underlined by the fact that it accounts for around 4% of GDP, 14% of the industrial production and 17% of the country’s total earnings export. 4. Govt. of India has established Export Processing Zones (EPZs) and Special Economic Zones (SEZs). In EPZs units can import goods free of custom duty. There is 5-year tax holiday to any industrial unit in EPZs. 5. India and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) enjoy a strong and friendly relationship based on historical contacts, shared traditions and values. This relationship has been buttressed by long standing people to people and commercial contacts. The two countries have established strong partnerships in the field of commerce and trade. This partnership is expanding, diversifying and emerging into a strategic partnership.

CONCLUSION (PETRO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY)

We can conclude to the fact that bilateral trade and agreements between India and UAE have showed a optimistic development in all forms. The recent interest by policy makers of both nations to further supplement trade ties and its relation is also important to note in perspective of international business.

As a result of growing economic relations between UAE and India, it is further recommended that policy makers can further undertake many unitary measures to boost trade.

Furthermore, the point to consider is that without any bilateral ties and agreement, facilitating trade and commerce presents a mockery of itself. Hence, the measure undertaken by both nations in terms of policy that is effective to one another have had a close share to boost economic relationship between India and UAE in the current state of affairs.

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Thus, what we can finally conclude at this point is the fact that such development is good for the global economy, as well as the national economy of both trading nations.

CONCLUSION (TOURISM INDUSTRY)

 The UAE tourism sector therefore has strong Growth. In the study states that Dubai’s strategic location and strong air and transport infrastructure have given it the ability to project itself around the world as a hub of tourism. A sound long-term strategy to exploit future opportunities, and enable more private sector and government cooperation.  Emirati usually travels with the extendedfamily their requirements are also large family, their requirements are also large sized, including multiple room s or suites and a mini bus or voyager to travel in comfort.  UAE and India for long have enjoyed close and friendly ties based o n historic and cultural ties. Today UAE and India share political, economical and cultural li nks. A large Indian expatriate community resides in UAE. All these factors make India a well known country for the residents of UAE.The distance between India and UAE is very less UAE to India very convenient.  As per whole kind of data what we find it and after that researched on UAE Tourism we can say that as per India & UAE both are required to support to developments in their Tourism sector with the well collaboration through so which achieve a such level of better tours & travel system providing in the future. & Many opportunist to the business in future UAE & India in Tourism sector.  After this whole project report through we learnt and knew that regarding both the country's Tourism system. How it differs by structure and policy wise, try to build one good relation between two countries and keep relation for more various support in different sector.

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