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Mahathir Mohamad's Effort of Fostering Good Values Among Civil Servants

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Mahathir Mohamad's Effort of Fostering Good Values Among Civil Servants ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 13, 2020 MAHATHIR MOHAMAD’S EFFORT OF FOSTERING GOOD VALUES AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS AT THE PRIME MINISTER’S DEPARTMENT Nurul Aimi Razali1*, Khairul Azman Mohamad Suhaimy2, Lutfan Jaes2, Mohd Zain Mubarak3, Marwan Ismail3, Fauziah Ani2, Harliana Halim2 1Faculty of Applied Science and Technology, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor. 2Centre of General Studies and Co-Curricular, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat, Johor. 3Centre for Language Studies and Generic Development, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan. *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Mahathir Mohamad has made various efforts to strengthen the administration and development of the country after gaining the country‟s lead again for the second time on May 10, 2018. In the first year as the seventh Prime Minister of Malaysia, his efforts to strengthen the country‟s administrative machinery were publicly known. During the Monthly Assembly Ceremony with civil servants at the Prime Minister‟s Department held almost every month, while delivering the key message to them, he also fostered the practice of good values among them by emphasising the values in each of his speeches. Therefore, this study aims to identify and explain the values emphasised by Mahathir to civil servants at the Prime Minister‟s Department in his first year of return to leading the country‟s administration. A qualitative content analysis was carried out on each text of the speech he presented at the assembly ceremonies to identify those values. The values were qualitatively analysed, categorised and expressed in frequency, and discussed by theme. The results show that the values Mahathir emphasised include themes such as clean, trustworthy, efficiency, caring, patriotic, determination to succeed, practicing good values, earnestness, sense of togetherness, obedience, ensuring quality, faith in God, respect for the law, focus, upholding welfare, rational, dignity, diligence, self-improvement, tolerance, healthy competition, strong self-esteem, ensuring authenticity, and gratitude. This shows that he emphasised values that are in line with the Clean, Efficient, and Trustworthy Policy and other positive values in an effort to foster the practice of good values among civil servants. The social implications of this study highlights the importance of practicing good values particularly in the administration of the country and generally in all life aspects. Moreover, it also shows the importance of the role performed by the head of state in instilling good values among the citizens. Practicing good values among civil servants can improve the quality of the government administrative machinery while practicing such values among citizens can induce their humanitarian and developmental aspects as human capital thereby strengthening the national development process holistically. KEYWORDS: Mahathir Mohamamad, good values, civil servant, content analysis 1.0 INTRODUCTION Mahathir Mohamad re-assumed the post of Prime Minister that he previously held on May 10, 2018, after retiring from the position for 15 years. To date, he is the only Prime Minister of Malaysia who has served twice and this made him the longest serving Prime Minister in Malaysia and the world (Chin, 2018). He led the country‟s administration as the fourth Prime Minister from 1981 to 2003, for 22 years while as the seventh, from 2018 to present. Mahathir was given the mandate to lead the country‟s administration when Pakatan Harapan (PH) won the 14th General Election. All the component parties in PH agreed to this in early 2018 if the coalition wins the general election (Chin, 2018; Mohamed, Yusoff & Omar, 2018). Mahathir‟s re-entry into the country‟s political scenario began in 2015 as he did not agree with the administration of Najib Abdul Razak, the head of Barisan Nasional (BN) who led the Malaysian government at that time (Abdullah, 2019; Funston, 2018). Although he loved BN as a government he had once led when he was the fourth Prime Minister and as the government that 2302 ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 13, 2020 had ruled Malaysia for almost six decades since its independence, he expressed his compulsion to abandon his membership because of his disagreement with Najib‟s administration who was accused with abuse of power (Case, 2017; Moniruzzaman & Farzana, 2018; Nadzri, 2018). However, the trial on the allegation is still pending. Mahathir joined PH as a chair of a component party called the United Indigenous Party of Malaysia or Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia (PPBM). Following PH‟s announcement that Mahathir would lead the Malaysian administration if the coalition won the election, Mahathir expressed his desire to regain control of the country with the sole intention of restoring the citizen‟s trust in the Malaysia government (Abdullah, 2019; Hutchinson, 2018). As soon as he returned to lead the country‟s administration on May 10, 2018, Mahathir has made various efforts to strengthen the country‟s government and development. During his one year of administering Malaysia, his efforts to strengthen the country‟s administrative machinery especially were among the most well-known. He delivered important mandates to civil servants at the Prime Minister‟s Department as they are the front liner or representatives of other civil servants in the administration of the country. In addition to delivering the mandate, he also fosters the practice of good values among the civil servants by emphasising the values in each of his speeches at the Monthly Assembly Ceremony with the Prime Minister‟s Department staff that is held almost every month. Since the events are still new and no study has been conducted on the events, therefore, this study aims to identify and explain the values that Mahathir emphasised to civil servants at the Prime Minister‟s Department in the first year of his return to head the country administration. 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW Good Values Values such as living values, religious values, moral values, and local values are all good values. Values should be rooted in the soul of each individual who lives in the world as he or she interacts with others. All values of life; religion, morals, and localities are the same but what distinguishes these values is the category of when they are practiced and discussed (Brown & Crace, 1996). Practicing good values is very important to every individuals as it serves as a guide to determine the behaviour of an individual (Gaskell, Einsiedel, Hallman, Priest, Jackson & Olsthoorn, 2005; Lencioni, 2002). Therefore, the effort of fostering good values appropriately is also essential because it will provide guidance and a framework for how an individual should react to actions that are accepted by the majority within the category or context in which they are located. Practicing a set of values in an individual‟s daily life is formed through the process of inculcating those values which is ideally good if practiced from an early age. The values that are practiced from childhood enable individuals to exhibit the set of values they hold in their daily behaviour (Brown & Crace, 1996; Lencioni, 2002). Although the notion of an individual practicing these values from a young age is good and ideal, it is undeniably true that a regular effort of fostering good values among the adults can also change one‟s hold on the values to be practiced (Porfeli, 2007). This is because the human life keeps evolving, moving and changing. A good change can be achieved by one who strives to do and practice good things as well as those who desire to 2303 ISSN- 2394-5125 VOL 7, ISSUE 13, 2020 practice good values. Particularly in the context of a country, holding and practicing a common set of values is crucial in forming a community that holds the same values in the process of developing a sustainable nation and establishing a harmonious civilisation among the citizens (Gaskell, Einsiedel, Hallman, Priest, Jackson & Olsthoorn, 2005; Tan, 2000; van Houwelingen, van Dijke & De Cremer, 2015). For a country that is relatively new to independence like Malaysia which recently achieved its 61 years of independence, the citizens should not just depend on the ruling government and national leaders to carry out the duty of developing and strengthening the country‟s growth. It is vital for all its citizens to hold on a set of values that can inspire them to be involved in such effort which in fact requires active participation of all parties in the country (Lencioni, 2002; Thompson, 2001; Robinson, 1996). The country‟s administration, especially during the first cycle of Mahathir‟s administration had launched national campaigns and policies that emphasised on the importance of practicing good values which indirectly fostered the values among Malaysians that are uniquely multi-racial (Beng, 2006; Rohman & Sabri, 2017; Suhaimy, 2009). Those campaigns and policies were well received by the people from all walks of life. Today, the efforts to inculcate good values in the life of Malaysians are still being pursued by Mahathir when he became the Prime Minister for the second time. Mahathir Mohamad, a State Leader who Emphasises Good Values In the effort to inspire and unite the people, according to Poulton, Proches and Sibanda (2017), responsible leaders are the ones who instil good values among their people. This is because in the administration of a country, one of the aspects that should be emphasised in raising the standard of national development is the development of the personal and the characters of the people who are also the valuable human capital of the country (Gaskell, Einsiedel, Hallman, Priest, Jackson & Olsthoorn, 2005). Practicing good values in daily life can enhance the well-being and healthy competition in individuals‟ lives while also enhancing the values of the citizens of a country as a whole (Bao, Wang, Larsen & Morgan, 2013; Ibrahim, 2006; Tan, 2000). Therefore, it is important for the national leaders to carry out the responsibility of instilling good values among their people in the pursuit of preparing citizens of values and high morals, in line with the goal of achieving sustainable nation-building and respected civilisation.
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