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THE EFFECT of LOWER LIMB LOADING on ECONOMY and KINEMATICS of SKATE ROLLER SKIING by Tyler Johnson Reinking a Thesis Submitted I
THE EFFECT OF LOWER LIMB LOADING ON ECONOMY AND KINEMATICS OF SKATE ROLLER SKIING by Tyler Johnson Reinking A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Health and Human Development MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana May 2014 ©COPYRIGHT by Tyler Johnson Reinking 2014 All Rights Reserved ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................1 Load Carriage...........................................................................................................3 Limb Velocity ..........................................................................................................6 Purpose .....................................................................................................................8 Hypotheses ...............................................................................................................9 Delimitations ..........................................................................................................10 Limitations .............................................................................................................10 Assumptions ...........................................................................................................11 Operational Definitions ..........................................................................................11 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................14 -
Case Study 11. Trentino, Italy
Mapping and Performance Check of the Supply of Accessible Tourism Services (220/PP/ENT/PPA/12/6491) Case Study 11 Trentino, Italy “This document has been prepared for the European Commission; however it reflects the views only of its authors, and the European Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.” 1 European Commission Enterprise and Industry Directorate General (DG ENTR) “Mapping and Performance Check of the Supply of Accessible Tourism Services” (220/PP/ENT/PPA/12/6491) Case Study: Trentino, Italy 2 Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................ 4 1.0 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 6 2.0 Overview and background information ......................................................................... 7 3.0 The integration of the supply chain .............................................................................. 9 4.0 Provisions for cross-impairments ............................................................................... 23 5.0 Business approach – building a business case for accessibility ................................ 24 6.0 Evidence of impact ..................................................................................................... 26 7.0 Conclusions ............................................................................................................... -
Then Come with Us to Marcialonga, Italy Dates
Do You Like Classic Skiing? Then Come with Us to Marcialonga, Italy Dates: January 30, 2022 If you love participating in the Worldloppet series, you will love the longest - but enjoyable - classic ski competition in Central Europe. It is all going to happen during the last weekend in January 2022. The queen of all classic ski races in Central Europe starts in the small village of Moena in the heart of the Italian Dolomite mountain range. The distance is a mere 70 kilome- ters, but you will be close to the starting gates in your hotel that is only 700 meters from the de- parture stadium. For the first 16 kilometers, you will go up the Val di Fassa with a rise of about 350 meters. When you are on the top, you will be able to take a look at the imposing Sella and Marmolada mountain range. Once you get to Canazei, you will descend to the other side of the river in the direction of the Val di Fiemme. For the next 48 km you will be on an undulating course that is either slightly uphill or slightly downhill. The fun comes as you go through each village. Italians know how to treat their racers and they will be out in force cheering you on (just don’t accept too many glasses of wine!). At the 67 kilometer point, the legendary Molina uphill “the Cascata” will test your stamina. But you will know that in a mere three kilometers at Cavalese, you will finish this superb race. The Molina uphill has already been placed in the history books of the Marcialonga Classic Race just as the well-known alpine mountain passes have become part of the legend of the Tour de France. -
Marcialonga Science”
Centro di Ricerca Università degli studi di Verona DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY “ MARCIALONGA SCIENCE” This document shows the detailes of the study MARCIALONGA SCIENCE , that will be held at the next Marcialonga of January the 25 th , 2015. PRINCIPAL AIM The study MARCIALONGA SCIENCE , leaded by CeRiSM (Research Center Sport Mountain and Health, University of Verona, Italy) in collaboration with the Marcialonga Organizing Committee and the Military Group Fiamme Gialle, aims to evaluate the extent of muscular fatigue in upper and lower limbs after a classic long-distance cross-country skiing race. To complete this type of evaluation, the researchers propose other test before and during the competition, in order to monitor the level of physiological effort sustained during the race. GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY Each athlete will participate to the study voluntary. After contacting the CeRiSM to make the appointments (e-mail: [email protected] or phone: 0464 483503), the athlete will perform a maximal incremental test on snow at the Cross- Country Stadium of Lago di Tesero, from January the 19 th to January the 23 rd . This test will allow researchers to characterize each athlete from a physiological point of view, measuring the maximal oxygen uptake and the exercise intensities at which the two thresholds occur. From January the 19 th to January the 23 rd , the athletes will also perform a test for the determination of the neuromuscular properties of two skeletal muscles (one in the upper and one in the lower limb) through a non-invasive electromyographic analysis, at the Cross-Country Stadium of Lago di Tesero. -
Marcialonga Science Projetc 2015-ENG
Project Marcialonga Science 2015 Dr. Pellegrini Barbara The Marcialonga Science idea was an initiative of CeRiSM, research centre of Verona University, located in Rovereto (Trentino, Italy). The centre is interested in testing and evaluating cross-country skiing for many years, in addition to dealing with other individual outdoor sports, with international networks as well as appreciations. The general aim of the project Marcialonga Science was to further deepen the knowledge about cross-country skiing trough scientific investigations and experimentations performed in conjunction with Marcialonga appointments. Indeed, this international race host many athletes, from recreational to top level, thus providing an ideal scenario to investigate different aspects related to this sport. For Marcialonga Science 2015, CeRiSM conducted an important investigation that involved 25 high-level cross-country skiers, thanks to the precious support of Marcialonga Committee, Fiamme Gialle military Group and Ski Stadium of Lago di Tesero (Trentino, Italy). The athletes were involved in four different tests. The first one was conducted the month before the race on a snowy ring track at the Ski Stadium of Lago di Tesero. It allowed the researchers to evaluate the involvement of different muscle compartments during double poling at increasing velocities, in addition to provide to the athletes useful indications for training intensities. Another part of the experimentation permitted to evaluate muscle fatigue after the race. Moreover, the researchers could monitor different interesting parameters during the race, through innovative smartwatches. Marcialonga Science was renewed in 2016 with a different form: a questionnaire about training methodologies was filled out by about 1600 athletes of different performance levels. -
Business in Brief
Business in brief 1. MARKET TENDENCIES The number of people in the world, who are engaged in skiing, is growing rapidly and according to various estimates by 2020 will exceed 500 million of people. During the past 3 years skiing season at European ski resorts has decreased by 30% due to warm and less snow winters. People want to enjoy skiing in the mountains but also tend to train in advance before the visit. This kind of dynamic stimulates the demand for ski services, including the development of indoor ski clubs. Some European countries with the population of 9-10 million have about 40 ski clubs and each has 2-3 «endless slope» ski simulators. We know from our experience, that the population of up to 50 thousand people, who are living within 20-25 minutes away, would be enough to provide the positive financial business of the club. In developing countries with the income level lower than the European one, ski vacations are gaining pace. Therefore, 1 club will open for every 200,000 citizens at first. The next 3-4 years will increase this ratio to 1 ski club for every 100,000 citizens. Indoor ski club guarantees the low level of competition in the niche of active recreations and the annual 100% level of demand. Due to the Proleski unique features, it is possible to get more than 65% of regulars with high and long-term customer loyalty. Ski Club - is a profitable and perspective business: The indoor Ski Club - is one of the fastest growing and profitable businesses with low competition among the outdoor activities (the increase of demand - more than 100% annually). -
Biomechanics in Cross-Country Skiing Skating Technique and Measurement Techniques of Force Production JYU DISSERTATIONS 97
JYU DISSERTATIONS 97 Olli Ohtonen Biomechanics in Cross-country Skiing Skating Technique and Measurement Techniques of Force Production JYU DISSERTATIONS 97 Olli Ohtonen Biomechanics in Cross-country Skiing Skating Technique and Measurement Techniques of Force Production Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston liikuntatieteellisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi Sokos Hotel Vuokatin auditoriossa (Kidekuja 2, Vuokatti) kesäkuun 29. päivänä 2019 kello 12. Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by permission of the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences of the University of Jyväskylä, at the auditorium of Sokos Hotel Vuokatti (Kidekuja 2, Vuokatti), on June 29, 2019 at 12 o’clock noon. JYVÄSKYLÄ 2019 Editors Simon Walker Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä Ville Korkiakangas Open Science Centre, University of Jyväskylä Cover picture by Antti Närhi. Copyright © 2019, by University of Jyväskylä Permanent link to this publication: http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-7797-9 ISBN 978-951-39-7797-9 (PDF) URN:ISBN:978-951-39-7797-9 ISSN 2489-9003 ABSTRACT Ohtonen, Olli Biomechanics in cross-country skiing skating technique and measurement techniques of force production Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2019, 76 p. JYU Dissertations ISSN 2489-9003; 97) ISBN 978-951-39-7797-9 (PDF) Requirements of a successful skier have changed during last decades due to e.g. changes in race forms and developments of equipment. The purpose of this the- sis was to clarify in four Articles (I-IV) what are the requests modern skate ski- ing sets for the athletes in a biomechanical point of view. Firstly, it was ex- plained how skiers control speed from low to maximal speeds (I). -
Tilbud Marcialonga 2022
MARCIALONGA 28. januar – 1. februar 2022 HVORFOR VELGE OSS? Vi er offisiell samarbeidspartner av Norges Skiforbund Langrenn og Kombinert, Norges Skiskytterforbund og Svenska Skidförbund Vi leverer kvalitet, vi er unike, vi er pålitelige, vi er personlige. Vi har bred erfaring med å organisere reiser for grupper og bedrifter, og ønsker å gi deg som kunde en annerledes og minneverdig opplevelse gruppen sent vil glemme. VI LEVERER VI GIR DEG VI ER VI ER KVALITET UNIKE PÅLITELIGE PERSONLIGE OPPLEVELSER KOMENT er medlem av Reisegarantifondet. MARCIALONGA 2022 Bli med til Marcialonga, det populære turrennet som går fra Moena til Cavalese gjennom de kjente dalen Val di Fassa og Val di Fiemme i Nord-Italia. Under oppholdet blir du tatt godt vare på av våre reiseledere og smørere. Vi legger til rette for at du har en behagelig og trivelig reise. Marcialonga arrangeres for 49. gang søndag 30. januar. Dagen før skirennet, benytter vi til skitesting på skistadion i Val di Fiemme. Vårt eget smøreteam hjelper deg med smøring av ski og er med på start søndag. Vi legger vekt på hyggelige og sosiale dager med god mat og drikke. Vi stiller med tilgjengelig transport mellom ditt hotell og landsbyene i området under hele oppholdet. Mandag tilbyr vi dagstur til Seiser Alm, der sol og en rolig skitur nytes. Marcialonga er et av de største langløpene og arrangeres hvert år den siste søndagen i januar. Rennet inngår i FIS Marathon Cup, Visma Ski Classics og Visma Grand Classic Events. Starten er i Moena og går opp Fassadalen, før det snur i Canazei og går ned forbi Moena på andre siden av dalen. -
Classical Style Constructed Roller Skis and Grip Functionality
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 13 (2011) 4–9 5th Asia-Pacific Congress on Sports Technology (APCST) Classical style constructed roller skis and grip functionality Mats Ainegren*, Peter Carlsson, Mats Tinnsten Department of Engineering and Sustainable Development, Mid Sweden University, Akademigatan 1, Östersund 831 25, Sweden Received 18 March 2011; revised 30 April 2011; accepted 1 May 2011 Abstract Roller skis are used by cross-country skiers for snow-free training, with the aim of imitating skiing on snow. The roller skis on the market that are constructed for use in the classical style are equipped with a front and a back wheel, one of which has a ratchet to enable it to grip the surface when diagonal striding and kick double poling. A new type of roller ski was constructed with a function which makes it necessary to use the same kick technique as that used on snow, i.e. the ski has a camber that must be pushed down to obtain grip. Its stiffness can be adjusted based on factors that influence grip, i.e. the skier’s bodyweight and technical skiing skills. Thus, our aim was to make comparative measurements as regards grip between ratcheted roller skis and the roller ski with a camber and compare with previous published results for grip waxed skis during cross-country skiing on snow. The measurements were carried out using specially developed equipment, with a bottom plate and an overlying rubber mat of the same type as used on many treadmills and a function for applying different loads and generating traction on the back of the roller ski. -
Cross Country Marathon Calender 2018 / 2019 Date Race Location Country Distance Additionals Serie Homepage
Cross Country Marathon Calender 2018 / 2019 date race location country distance additionals serie homepage Sa. 24.11.18 Kiilopäähiihto Saariselkä / Kiilopää FIN 50 / 20 CL www.suomenlatu.fi/tapahtumia/kiilopaahiihto/uutiset.html Sa. 01.12.18 Sgambeda Livigno ITA 30 FT www.lasgambeda.it So. 16.12.18 Kannelberglauf Hermsdorf D 20 CL www.sportverein-hermsdorf.de Sa. 29.12.18 Rymmarloppet Arvidsjaur SWE 40 CL www.skidor.com Mo. 31.12.18 Silvesterlanglauf Kössen AUT 22 FT www.nordic-center.com So. 30.12.18 Risouxloppet St. Lupicin / Jura FRA 25 / 10 FT www.skiclub-saintlupicin.jimdo.com Fr. 04.01.18 China Vasalauf Changchun CHN 50 / 25 CL 1 www.vasaloppetchina.com Fr. 04.01.19 Bedrichovska Night LM Bedrichov / Liberec CZE 30 / 17 FT www.ski-tour.cz Sa. 05.01.19 Bedrichovska Night LM Bedrichov / Liberec CZE 30 / 17 CL www.ski-tour.cz Sa. 05.01.19 Budorrennet Loten NOR 46 CL www.kondis.no Sa. 05.01.19 Nordic Ski Marathon Bruksvallarna SWE 42 / 21 CL www.skidor.com So. 06.01.19 Attraverso Campra Olivione CH 21 FT 10 www.swissloppet.com So. 06.01.19 Base Tuono Marathon Passo Coe / Folgaria ITA 30 FT www.gronlait.it So. 06.01.19 La Ronde des Cimes Les Fourgs / Jura FRA 30 / 10 FT www.marathonskitour.fr So. 06.01.19 Alpe D'Huez Marathon Alpe D'Huez Oisans FRA 30 FT www.ffs.fr So. 06.01.19 AXA Skimarathon Sagmyra SWE 42 / 21 CL www.skidor.com Fr./So. 11.-13.1.19 Tour de Ramsau Ramsau / Dachstein AUT Sa. -
The Upside of Roller Skiing Text by DAVID LAWRENCE; Photos by NEIL BAUNSGARD
Skiing Without Snow: The Upside of Roller Skiing Text by DAVID LAWRENCE; photos by NEIL BAUNSGARD oller skis have been used by cross-country USE THE RIGHT GEAR skiers training in the off season for more than You can choose between two types of roller skis: classic skis or skate skis. If you 25 years. Today, the technology, the feel, and can only afford one pair, I recommend skate the on-snow benefits of dryland skiing isn’t skis. I think they offer the most snow-like just for the nords! feel and provide more speed and enjoyment. They also allow downhill skiers to carry “TheR roller skiing we do today feels so skis. Here’s why: The direct benefits of over more alpine movements (like ski much different than roller skiing 15 years roller skiing for nordic skiers are obvious— pressuring and ski-specific balance). ago. Today it actually feels like skiing,” says sport-specific muscle training, technique As when skiing, there are a few must- Andrew Gerlach, owner of Endurance improvement, and endurance training. haves before you set out. A bike helmet is Enterprises, Inc., an athlete management In addition, our alpine friends gain core- a must for roller skiing. Gravel, asphalt, and sports marketing company in Bozeman, balance development and refinement; fine tar, and dirt don’t give way like snow, so Montana. Gerlach, an avid asphalt roller motor movements and skills in the feet, I recommend that you protect your head skier, has it right. Roller skiing gives you legs, hips and abs; as well as enhanced and your life with a helmet. -
Presentazione Standard Di Powerpoint
www.marcialonga.it MARCIALONGA: a name with a (hi)story Marcialonga was born in 1971, when four friends decided to Thanks to the international experience of the Organising take part in the famous Swedish cross-country competition Committee, in 2003 Marcialonga Running was born. The race “Vasaloppet”. Upon returning to Italy, to their valleys in the region was immediately recognised in the Italian national marathon of Trentino, they wanted to start up a similar competition, in a calendar. In 2014 there were over 1.600 participants. special environment full of significance and emotions which Marcialonga does not stop here though! In 2007 the only snow and mountains can transmit. Ever since, Marcialonga has Marcialonga Cycling Craft starts for the first time, an event refined more and more organization and professionalism, that in 2014 at its 8th edition reached over 2.200 cyclists. This balancing tradition and the spectacular as well as the presence of race can definitely gain recognition as one of the “Classic” professional skiers and cross-country lovers, accumulating over races in the Italian Granfondo circuit. 210.000 participants, from 40 different nations. Participants can combine their results of all three events and qualify for the Combined event Punto3 Craft. Either individuals or teams can take part to this special ranking. MARCIALONGA: we are here 14.06.2015 / 80-135 km Play your role Val di Fiemme and Val di Fassa are two valleys located in north Italy, eastern Trentino, right in the heart of the Dolomites. How to reach us: By car: Highway A22: exits Trento, Ora, Bolzano; By Train: stations of Trento, Ora or Bolzano from Verona and Munich.