BLUMEA23 (1976) 121—138
Conspectus of the generaRadermacheraandFernandoa
in Indo-Malesia (Bignoniaceae)
C.G.G.J. van Steenis
Rijksherbarium, Leiden, Netherlands
Summary
is In Radermachera 16 named species (among which three new) are keyed out. The genus Mayodendron reduced to Radermachera; one new combination is made. One Phillippine species known only from a
lost doubtful. About into of which for the presumably type remains 34 names are put synonymy, many time. first Species are listed and provided with references and critical notes; for most species the sheets examined cited. cited and all have been examined. excluded from the are Types are except one Six namesare
and referred to other In the the I have also included the of genus are names. key to species species genera viz. other similar to Radermachera, Pauldopia and Barnettia, for the convenience of workers.
The African genus Fernandoa is extended to occur in Indo-Malesia by the reduction of Haplophragma, A is Spathodeopsis, and Hexaneurocarpon, and to Madagascar by reduction of the genus Kigelianthe. key
six given to the six Indo-Malesian species, with references and specimens examined, and the necessary new
are time. combinations are made. Domatia and stellate hairs recorded for the first
Introduction
of for During the investigation Bignoniaceae revision in Flora Malesiana, I felt the ne- cessity of examining continental Asian material ofRadermachera in conjunction with those of the Philippine Islands, especially the species described by P. Dop from Indo-China and
by Merrill from Hainan and the Philippines.
Besides held for time loan from the the Rijksherbarium collections I a very long a
Arnold Arboretum, and a generous recent one. In addition I could borrow material
from Kew, Edinburgh, Hong Kong, Michigan, Singapore, the U.S. National Herbarium,
Washington, D.C., and from the Museum National d' Histoire Naturelle de Paris, for these loans vital which I am very grateful indeed, as included many type specimens, some ofwhich the known exist of bunch of unnamed only specimens to species. Among a large
material graciously sent to me from Paris I foundmost interesting specimens, which led to rather radical, unexpected changes in the account of the Indo-Chinese Bignoniaceae. examined and Collecting numbers are only mentioned in so far as they have been as far as they will not be incorporated in a future Identification List of Malesian specimens.
1. RADERMACHERA
Radermachera Zoll. & Mor. in Zoll., Syst. Verz. 3 (1854) 53, incl. sect. Alatae Steen., Acta Bot. Neerl. 2
(1952) 30.
Bot. Lagaropyxis Miq., Ann. Mus. Lugd. Bat. 1 (1864) 198.
Stereospermum pro sect. Radermachera et Xylocarpaea B. & H., Gen. PI. 2 (1876) 1047.
For. D For. Burma K. MayodendronKurz, Prel. Rep. Veg. Pegu, App. (1875) pl. 1 & 2; Fl. 2 (1877) 232; Sch. Gin. in E. & P., Nat. Pfl. Fam. IV, 3b (1895) 244; Dop, Fl. I.—C. 4 (1930) 597; Chatterjee, Bull. Bot. Soc.
For. Bot. 8. Beng. 2 (1948) 74; Santisuk, Thai Bull. 8 (1974) 122 BLUMEA VOL. 23, No. 1, 1976
Distribution: Sixteen species, in continental SE. Asia (India, Burma, Thailand,
Indo-China, and S. China: Yunnan, Kwantung, Kwangsi, Hainan), Formosa, southern
Ryu Kyu Is., and throughout Malesia except most Moluccas and New Guinea. have N otes. Apart from making reductions and describing three new species, I
reduced the monotypic genus Mayodendron to Radermachera. with Radermachera hitherto The differences assumed were: occurrence of a false septum, ovules in two rows in each cell, a halfway spathaceous calyx, and cauliflorous short racemes. remarkable that these much It is statements were never well verified, although new
material had been collected. Kurz's about the false rests Obviously, statement septum on is an erroneous observation taken from too young material; the septum at maturity
fruit and similar those in Rader- terete and corky; valves, septum, seeds are exactly to The slits machera. ovules seem, if one the ovary along the attachment of the dissepiment,
the and the flat side to be i-seriate, but, turning ovary 90° observing of the dissepiment,
be attached in Also in the fruit the seeds in they appear to many rows. are many rows.
Cauliflory was at Kurz's time unknown in Radermachera, but since that time R. cauliflora
described from both also racemes insteadof the was Mt. Kinabalu; species possess panicles well be called that are usual in Radermachera. The halfway slit calyx cannot spathaceous,
the veins indeed the but this ends in minute teeth close as are convergent to apex apex together; splitting of the calyx is often into irregular lobes.
clear that Radermachera. As matter of It is, hence, Mayodendron igneum belongs to a shares also fact also in foliage it is closest allied to R. cauliflora with which it its orange-red
flower colour.
TENTATIVE KEY TO THE SPECIES OF RADERMACHERA AND ALLIED GENERA
T. Corolla tubular, funnel-, or salver-shaped, without clear distinction of a cylindrical
and rather widened or of the tube with the basal a abruptly ventricose upper part
stamens attached in the throat.
2. Rachises narrowly winged and leaflets sessile; leaves 2-pinnate. Corolla tube
curved, yellow with brown-red. Inflorescence not lacquered when young. Seeds
in wingless. Septum thin. Calyx open bud, truncate.
Pauldopia ghorta (Buch.-Ham. ex G. Don) Steen. Seeds 2. Rachises not winged. Corolla tube straight. thinly hyaline-winged. and covered with small 3. Leaves in pseudo-whorls, i-pinnate. Calyx capsule short tuberculate to warty glands. Capsule (c. 15 cm), ellipsoid or oblong; cruciform Santisuk septum in cross-section .... Barnettia pagetii (Craib) fruit 3. Leaves not in pseudo-whorls, 2- or 3-pinnate. Calyx and without warts or with tuberculate glands. Capsule terete, cylindric. Septum corky, impressions
of seeds, but not cruciform by development of a pseudo-septum.
Flowers almost reduced to almost always 4. in racemes, sometimes fascicles, lateral, ramiflorous.
5. Rachis of racemes terminal or axillary, very slender with widely spaced
flowers, glabrous, 15—25 cm long. Calyx tubular, c. 10 by 4—5 mm at shortly in the middle with whorl of large glands. apex, very 2-lobed, a
Corolla cm c. 0.8 cm wide at slender, c. 4—5 long, apex, yellow. Leaves i-pinnate 2. R. eberhardtii P. Dop with whorl of Leaves 5. Calyx otherwise, not halfway a glands. 2-pinnate. Corolla 6. 5 —7 cm long. and Fernandoa 123 C. G. G. J. van Stebnis : Radcrmachera
cm 0.8—1 wide at 7- Calyx tubular, c. 2.5 long, cm mouth, glabrous, lobes shortly and irregularly 2- or 3-lobed at apex, c. 0.25 as long as
the tube. Corolla tube slightly curved, widest at apex, with yellow limb. and red Racemes with thick rachis, up to 15 cm, glabrous.
12. R. ramiflora Stecn.
tubular but slit 7. Calyx i.j—2(—2.5) cm long, halfway spathaceously,
apex acutish with a few minute teeth or pointed. Corolla straight,
6 the tube —7.5 cm long, the upper portion of through a slight the contraction more or less barrel-shaped, widest below limb,
and orange-yellow. Racemes very short, c. 1—2 cm, usually up to the short including calyx pubescent. . . 7. R. ignea (Kurz) Steen.
Corolla not contracted below the its lower 6. 3 —4.5 cm long, limb, part
enclosed by the calyx. Calyx 1.2—1.8 cm long, glabrous or puberulous,
side Racemes mostly 3-lobed, but on one deeper to halfway. very short
to terminal ramiflorous at the ends. up c. 3 cm, or mostly twig Calyx red, corolla yellow 6. R. hainanensis Merr.
Flowers either terminal cm and white. 4. in thyrses, or only 3.5—4 long
—8 8. Calyx in bud obconical, thick, glabrous, c. I cm long, the apex c. 7 mm
wide, stunted or slightly convex, with 5 glandular bulges; when mature
c. I.J cm long, conically narrowed above the glandular peak-shaped with bulges, and ending into two short lobes. Corolla yellow, narrow wide. tube, 5 —6 cm long, at apex c. 1 cm Leaves 2-pinnate. stellata 14. R. Steen. and 8. Calyx not inflated in the middle with 5 peak-shaped glandular bulges conically narrowed above these.
9. Corolla slender, 3.5—4.5 cm long. Corolla with tube wide. 10. a strictly cylindric 2.5—3 mm Calyx with lobes tubular, c. 1.5 cm long, 3 or 4 very short (c. 2 —3 mm).
frondosa Chun & 3. R. How
6 10. Corolla tube gradually widening to the apex, c. —7 mm wide
below the limb. Calyx c. 1 cm long, irregularly split into 2 or 3
lobes 4. R. gigantea (Bl.) Miq.
6 much 9. Corolla much larger, —7.5 cm or even longer. Calyx larger
with much lobes. cm (2.5 —3 cm) and larger Capsule 0.8—1 wide, with sometimes woody valves. Corolla (pale) yellow (to creamy?). their 11. Stamens 5, glandular hairy at insertion. Calyx wide, campan-
ulate, split halfway into acute lobes. Leaflets 7—ij(—30) cm long.
10. R. pentandra Hemsl.
at their tubular 11. Stamens 4, glabrous insertion, didynamous. Calyx into rounded lobes. to bottle-shaped, split only to 0.25 blunt or
Leaflets narrow, small, long-acuminate, c. 4—7 cm long. Deciduous
(always?) tree 13. R. sinica (Hance) Hemsl.
Corolla with a distinct basal and a rather widened of the 1. cylindric suddenly upper part
tube, the stamens inserted in the throat. with small tuberculate 12. Leaves in pseudo-whorls, i-pinnate. Calyx covered or with warty glands. Capsule short, ellipsoid or oblong, scattered sunken glands,
c. 15 cm. Thyrse sparsely stiff-stellate-hairy. Barnettiakerrii (Barnett & Sandw.) Santisuk 124 13LUMEA VOL. 23, No. I, 1976
12. Leaves not in pseudo-whorls. Calyx without tuberculateor warty glands. Capsule
terete, mostly longer.
—6 fruit 13. Calyx cupular, stunted, 3 mm, in sometimes very shallowly split. tube the Corolla cm basal of much longer than calyx. narrow, 2.5—3.5 > part above the middle with whorl of 14. Calyx 5 —6 mm high, a c. 10 compact gland-fields, at first sight resembling simple glands, finally circumscissile
at the base. Corolla limb not microscopically lepidote. Seed body not
well delineated the Valves very against hyaline wings. very thin, c. 3 mm
wide. leaflets —8 with Leaves 2-pinnate; 5 by 2.5—4 cm, long acuminate,
some scattered glands underneath 1. R. boniana P. Dop. below the middle with whorl of 14. Calyx 3—5 mm, at or a more irregular
mostly less than 10 compact gland-fields, not circumscissile at base. Corolla limb microscopically lepidote. Seed body sharply delineated
against the hyaline wings, most of it pellucid. Valves thin, c. 4—-5 mm wide. Leaves i-pinnate; leaflets broad-elliptic, only short-acuminate, underneath. 10—35 by 7—17 cm, with a usually dense gland-field at base
5. R. glandulosa (Bl.) Miq. incised lobed 13. Calyx variously or or larger or longer. bracts 15. Thyrse coarse, profusely branched, with rather foliaceous at the
articulations, hairy. Calyx ± regularly 5-lobed. Ovary tuberculate.
to hard-tuberculate. Deciduous Capsule woody, up 1 m, 2 —3 cm 0, tree; leafstalks and midrib above short-hairy.
15. R. xylocarpa (Roxb.) K. Sch.
15. Inflorescence without foliaceous bracts, glabrous. Calyx usually unequal-
lobed. Ovary and capsule not tuberculate; capsule much thinner.
16. Corolla tube glabrous inside, also at the insertion of the stamens; concealed basal part wide, 1.5 by 0.8—I cm (dried), obviously largely
the smooth which at the in calyx is 2—2.5 by 1.5—2 cm rim. Leaves
Corolla 6 very large, 3-pinnate. coarse, —7 cm. Bracts long, filiform, the buds exceeding 9. R. peninsularis Steen.
16. Corolla tube glandular-hairy at the insertion of the stamens; basal part
less wide. Bracts inconspicuous.
Corolla white or commonly with streaks in 17. pink, some yellow the mouth.
18. 8 Calyx in mature buds globular, almost glandless, c. —9 mm
at 0, in anthesis inflated hemispherical, c. 1.2 cm high, the the lobes Corolla margin c. 1.5 cm 0, only 2 —3 mm. white, the basal 5 cm, part c. 1—1.2 cm long, upper part campan- lobes 8. R. inflata Steen. ulately widened; very crisped .
18. Buds not globular and calyx not inflated in anthesis. Flowers
mostly pinkish, with some yellow streaks in the mouth.
1.8 costate 19. Calyx c. cm long, narrow, strongly lengthwise
6 with 5 or ridges, cleft down halfway on one side,
at Corolla with tube. 3-toothed apex. 4 cm long, narrow Leaves leaflets 16. R. coriacea Merr. i-pinnate, 5. . . without 19. Calyx ridges. Leaves 2-pinnate, rarely upper
ones reduced to i-pinnate.
R. 20. Corolla c. 5 —6 cm long. 4. gigantea (Bl.) Miq. Corolla 20. c. 2.5—3.5 cm long.
II. R. pinnata (Blanco) Seem. C. G. G.J. van Stebnis : Radermachera and Fernandoa 125
ij. Corolla yellow or orange. leaflets 21. Leaves i-pinnate; 2 (or 3) pairs, broad-elliptic to
oblong, (6—)io—18 by (3.5 —)j— 7 cm. Calyx tubular, not
or hardly oblique at apex, 11 —15 by c. 4 mm, halfway
(or lower) with a regular whorl of 10 condensed gland-fields; the Flowers lobes 2—5 mm long (to halfway calyx). in termi-
nal raceme-like lateral on the 10—25 cm long panicles, rarely the basal of tube wood of twigs. Corolla narrow, part c. in all i.j—1.8 cm, distinctly to far exceeding the calyx,
4—5 cm, tube 0.8—1 cm wide at the mouth.
2. R. eberhardtii P. Dop
leaflets often 21. Leaves (1 —)2—3-pinnate; oblong, very unequal-
sided, 4 —12 by 2—4 cm. Calyx more campanulate or
6 obconical, often oblique, 10—20 by —7 mm, with a few
scattered glands or gland-fields, 2- or 3-lobed to subspatha-
ceous. Panicles short or raceme-like, 0.5 —j(—10) cm. Basal of tube of the corolla included in the part largely calyx,
in —6 the mouth. corolla all 3 cm long, c. 15—30 mm wide at
6. R. hainanensis Merr.
1. Radermachera boniana P. Dop
R. boniana P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32 (1926) 184; Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930) 586. — Type:
H. Bon 5682 (P), Tonkin, Mu Bong, pr. Cho Tre.
Distribution. Tonkin; only known from the type.
Note. Allied to R. eberhardtii and also possessing the peculiar whorl of 10 condensed
gland-fields on the calyx, but differing by the shorter entire calyx and 2-pinnate leaves.
2. Radermachera eberhardtii P. Dop
R. eberhardtii P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32 (1926) 233; Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930) 587, incl. var.
P. I.e. — Eberhardt Hoi Prov. Thua-Thien; acuta Dop, 588. Lectotype: 1594 (P), Tonkin, Mit,
Eberhardt Prov. Thua-Thien. — T of Poilane s yn t y p c: 1633 (P), Lang-co, y p e var. acuta: 7422 (P). Tourane Annam, Lieu Chicn pr. (fl.), Poilane 7490, ditto (fr.).
Distribution. Indo-China (Tonkin and Annam).
INDO-CHINA. Clemens 4333; Eberhardt 1394, '635, 2634; Poilane 7422, 7490.
Note. The material is very homogeneous.
Radermachera 3. frondosa Chun & How
Chun Acta Sin. — R. R. frondosa & How, Phytotax. 7 (1958) 75, pi. 23. sinica auct. tton (Hancc) Hemsl.:
Merr., Lingn. Sc. J. 6 (1928) 286. — Type: Tso & Chun 43631, 43842, immers. n. EI213 (of the latter number isotypes in A, L).
Distribution. Hainan and Kwantung (Chun & How, I.e.).
Chun H. s HAINAN. & Tso 43631, 43842, 44662; Fung 20377; Cressitt 1074; F. C. How 71745, 7193 : F. C. How & N. H. Y. K. Chun 70127; S. K. Lau 173, 1390, 2843, 3403, 3688, 6201, 28392; Liang 62003,
Steward & Cheo Tso & 62170, 63607, 65023, 66142; 1214; Tsang 475 (=LU 15974), 530 (=LU 17279); Chun 43842; C. IV. Wang 32891, 33916.
Note. A similar leaves but very characteristic species allied with R. sinica and with with a smaller corolla. The material is very slender, very homogeneous. BLUMEA VOL. No. 126 23, I, 1976
Radermachera 4. gigantea (Bl.) Miq.
R. gigantea (Bl.) Miq., Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. 3 (1867) 250; Steen., Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg III, 10 (1928)
aurantiaca — — 253, incl. var. Steen., I.e. 257. Spathodea gigantea Bl., Bijdr. (1826) 761. Lagaropyxis
Ann. sumatram et gigantea Miq., Mus. Bot. Lugd. Bat. i (1864) 198, incl. f. borneensis Miq. — Type:
Blume 1277 (L), Java.
amoena t. amoena Bignonia Wall., PI. As. Rar. 2 (1831) 78, 183. — Spathodea DC., Prod. 9 (1845) 208. —
8 — R. amoena Seem., J. Bot. (1870) 146. Type: Wallich 6512 (K).
Bignonia oxyphylla DC., Prod. 9 (1845) 169. — Type: ? (DC).
— W. Stereospermum hypostictum Miq., Sumatra (1861) 56$. Type: Teysmann s.n. (BO), Central Sumatra.
R. elmeri Merr., Bull. Govt. Lab. Philip. 29 (1905) 48. — Type: Elmer 6179 (US), Philippines, Luzon.
R. Sc. — biternata Merr., Philip. J. 1 (1906) Suppl. 238. Type: Merrill 368 (US), Philippines, Culion.
R. palawanensis Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 3 (1908) Bot. 336. — Type:Foxworthy 699 (US), Philippines, Palawan,
Victoria Peak.
Sc. — Luzon. R. elliptica Merr., Philip. J. 3 (1908) Bot. 334. Type: FB 11141 (K), Philippines, R. Bot. T 12060 sibuyanensis Elmer, Leafl. Philip. 4 (1912) 1485. — ype: Elmer (L), Philippines, Sibuyan.
R. elmeri var. fragrans Elmer, Leafl. Philip. Bot. 7 (1915) 2561. — R. fragrans Steen., Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl.
12681 24 (1927) 996. —Type: Elmer (L), Philippines, Palawan.
R. — Elmer 16066 punctata Elmer ex Steen., Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 24 (1927) 982. Syntypes: 14817, (L), Philippines,Luzon.
— bb R. borneensis Steen., Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg III, 10(1928) 258, fig. 10. T y p e: 2490 (BO, L), SE. Borneo, Martapura.
Distribution. Continental SE. Asia (Assam: Khasia & Jaintia Hills; Burma:
Manipur, Tavoy) and Malesia: Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Philippines, and Lesser Sunda
Islands (Bali east to Alor), not in Malaya! Islands where Notes. This is a heterogeneous species, especially in the Philippine there obvious racial which has but is, as usual, an segregation given rise to many names,
where there is also the greatest diversity in variation, especially in Palawan. This will
more amply be discussed in Flora Malesiana.
& The species ranges from SE. continental Asia (Assam, Burma) to West Central Malesia found far the (not in Malaya), as east as W. Philippines (Palawan, Culion),
SE. Borneo, and the Lesser Sunda Islands (Alor).
It is closely allied to R. pinnata, which has in Malesia about the same range, but differs
by flowers half the size of thoseof R. gigantea.
5. Radermachera glandulosa (Bl.) Miq.
R. Ann. Mus. Bot. Bat. — Bl., (1826) glandulosa (Bl.) Miq., Lugd. 3 (1876) 250. Spathodeaglandulosa Bijdr. Ann. Mus. 763. — Stereospermum glandulosum Miq., Sumatra (1861) 240. — Lagaropyxis glandulosa Miq.,
Bot. Bat. Lugd. 1 (1864) 199. — Type: Blume s.n. (L), Java, Cheribon, Oct.
Prod. — Cat. Bignonia porteriana Wall, ex DC., 9 (1845) 165. Type: Wallich, 6509 (K), Penang. HZ 820 R. stricta Zoll. Mor. Verz. — T = & ex Zoll., Syst. 3 (1854) 53. ype: Zollinger 3141 (BO), Java.
Distribution. Continental SE. Asia (Assam, Burma, Thailand, Laos, and
China: Kwangsi, Kwantung) and Malesia: Malaya, Sumatra, Java.
N o t e. A homogeneous species; curiously not mentioned by Dop from Indo-China. I S. I W. T. saw Kerr 20887 from Laos; from China (Kwangsi) saw Tsang 22326.
6. Radermachera hainanensis Merr.
R. hainanensis Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 21 (1922) 353; Groff c.s., Lingn. Agric. Rev. 3 (1925) 19. — Type:
in in McClure 7648 (A, NY), Hongkong Herb. 453 (phot, A, type HK).
R. pierrei P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32 (1926) 234; Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930) 589; Santisuk, Thai
Mt. For. Bull. Bot. 8 (1974) 80. — Type: Pierre 570 (A, K, P), Cambodia, Schral.
R. poilanei P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris II, 2 (1930) 155; Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930) 590- — T y p e:
Poilane 8759 (fl.), 3953 (fr.) (K, P), Annam, Ca-na, Prov. Phan-rang. C. G. G.J. van Steenis: Radennachera and Fernandoa 127
R. grandiflora P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris II, 2 (1930) 154; Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930) 589. — Type: Poilane 9681 (P), Annam, Ba-ran, Prov. Phan-rang.
Distribution. Hainan, Indo-China, and Thailand.
How K. Chun S. P. Ko HAINAN. Hong Kong Herb. 455; F. C. 70576, 72ipp; F. C. Flow & N. 70297; McClure T. 52122; S. K. Lau 286, 3443, 5384, 25548; H. Y. Liang 61522, 62797, 63023; 7648; W. Tsang
653 (=LU 16132); Tsang, Tsang & Fung 7 (=Lt7 17538). Clemens Muller Poilane INDO-CHINA. 3410; R. 1064; Pierre 570; 5953, 6598, 8759, 9681. RFD RFO THAILAND. Kerr 12337, 20865; 25493; Smitinand 3182 (=RFD 19127), 3692 ( = 23971).
consists N otes. The type of R. hainanensis Merr. of rather poor specimens taken from Merrill described the leaves be but the depauperate twig tops. to i-pinnate, in New York there also The isotype is a 2-pinnate leaf. corolla is c. 3 —3.5 cm long and yellow the the and (Groff c.s., 1925), lobes c. 5 —6 mm; glabrous calyx, c. 1.5 cm long bearing
a few scattered glands, is halfway spathaceously spht, but the apex is 2-lobed; the inflores-
cence is short, either terminal or on the twigs. Other specimens from Hainan tally the
Lau and and other have type, e.g. 5384 Liang 61322 63023. Many specimens, however, a inflorescence and while puberulous a puberulous calyx which may be only I cm long,
leaves in large specimens are 2- or 3-pinnate. Sometimes their calyces are only i-lobed and then they imitatethose of R. ignea, in which the corolla, however, is much larger and
but not tubular-campanulate ± constricted to the apex. also with There are in Hainan, however, specimens a larger corolla, varying between and 286 4 5 cm, viz.: How 70376 4 cm, S.P. Ko 52122 c. 4.5 cm, Lau 4.5—5 cm.
These specimens cannot be distinguished from others in Indo-China, whereas also the corollaof type specimens of R. pierrei and R. grandiflora have a 4.5 cm length, with lobes also 2-lobed of c. 1 cm, and the latter a spathaceous calyx. They cannot be separated
from R. hainanensis.
From Annam there is one exceptional collection ( Clemens 3410) with a corolla c.
in leafand stunted ramiflorous 6.5 —7 cm long, but otherwise racemes not distinguishable, the feature the the collectors that flowers would be only really strange being note by
pink, whereas they are in all other specimens said to be yellow and the calyx mostly red. small flowers From Indo-China I have not seen specimens with such as in Hainan and also I have not seen a hairy calyx in Indo-Chinese specimens, both characters being
obviously confined to Hainan populations. and Obviously, R. hainanensis is related to R. ignea, showing resemblance in the calyx
in the often ramiflorous, stunted racemes, but differing radically corolla shape.
Radermachera comb. 7. ignea (Kurz) Steen., nov.
Spathodea ignea Kurz, J. R. As. Soc. Bcng. 40, 2 (1871) 77; op. cit. 42, 2 (1873) 91. — Mayodendron igneum
Burma Kurz, Prel. Rep. For. Veg. Pegu, App. D. (1875) pi. 1 & 2; For. Fl. 2 (1877) 232; Clarke, Fl.
Br. Ind. 4 (1884) 381; K. Sch. in E. & P., Nat. Pfl. Fam. IV, 3b (1895) 244i Dop, Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930)
For. Bot. 8 597, fig. 65: 5 & 6; Chatteijee, Bull. Bot. Soc. Beng. 2 (1948) 74; Santisuk, Thai Bull. (1974)
8, fig. 4. — Type: Brandis 1357 (CAL, K).
Distribution. N. Burma, N. Thailand, Laos, Annam, and S. China (Yunnan).
BURMA. Upper Burma: Shaik Mokim s.n., May 1898.
THAILAND. NORTH: Garrett 157; Geesink & Santisuk 6005.
LAOS. Kerr 20909; Poilane 13608, 20592. ANNAM. Poilane 22245.
S. CHINA. Yunnan: Esquirol 160704;C. W. Wang 72220A, 76561, 77932, 81026. 128 BLUMEA VOL. 23, No. 1, 1976
Note. According to Santisuk this species is in Thailand chiefly confined to limestone leafless The latter rock hills in evergreen forest and shady places, and while blooming.
statement does not hold true elsewhere.
inflata — 8. Radermachera Steen., sp. nov. Fig. 1e—f.
inflato Affinis R. peninsularis, sed florum gemmis globosis calyceque maturo valde diversa; calyx 10—12 inferne mm longus, glandulis nullis, lobis latissimis 2—3 mm tantum longis. Corolla alba, tubo c. 1 cm,
lobis cm parte superiore campanulato-infundibulariformi-dilatato c. 3 cm diam., crispatis 1 —1.2 longis. Stamina apice tubi calycini partis inferioris inserta; basi filamentorum glandulis capitatis instructa. Folia 2-pinnata.
T. Mo Type: W. Tsatig 28967 (P; iso in A, K, SING), Tonkin, Taai Wong Shan, near Chuck-phai, Ha-coi, May—June 1939.
leaflets Leaves 2-pinnate, those present juvenile, c. 35 cm; lanceolate, acuminate, c. 5 by midrib and both underneath I.j—2.5 cm; veins minutely puberulous on sides; glands
few, scattered, and small. Thyrse terminal, at least 10 cm long. Buds globular, 8 —9 mm
0. Calyx wide-campanulate, inflated, glandless, about as wide as long or wider, c. 1.2
with short but wide lobes mm Corolla the by 1.5 cm, very 2—3 long. white, 6 cm long, the tube basal part of i—1.2 cm, 4—5 mm wide, upper part funnel-campanulately lobes the Filaments widened, 3—3.5 cm, c. 1 by 1.2 cm, crispate at margin. capitate-
glandular at the insertions.
Distribution. Tonkin, one collection only.
Note. Through the leaves reminding of small specimens of R. peninsularis, but
quite different by the smaller crispate corolla and hairy filaments, different from all other
species by the inflated shallowly lobedcalyx and globular buds. The nearest allied species forms described is possibly R. gigantea, in particular the Philippine formerly as R. elmeri,
etc.
— —d. 9. Radermachera peninsularis Steen., sp. nov. Fig. 1a
For. Bot. R. borii auct. non Fischer: Santisuk, Thai Bull. 8 (1974) 30. sed forma corollae corolla tubi inferiore Affinis R. sinica longitudineque diversa; parte cylindrica, parte superiore late infundibulariformi-campanulata;stamine apice partis inferioris tubi calyce inclusi inserta;
sub anthesi basi haud corolla 6—7 cm longa; calyx 2—2.5 cm longus, plena laevis, sulcatus, glandulis planis
5 instructus. Peninsular between Type: Larseti, Nielsen & Santisuk 31239 (AAU), Thailand, pr. Ao Luk, Ohangnga
and Krabi, 8°25' N, 99°I5' E.
60—80 leaflets both Leaves 2- or 3-pinnate, cm; lanceolate-oblong, falcate-caudate, on with few small surfaces microscopically punctate, but only a scattered, very larger glands, midrib and 5 —10 by 2—2.5 cm; petiolules 0—3 mm; main nerves (c. 4 or 5 pairs) puberu-
lous (as in R. sinica). Inflorescences terminal, similar to those in R. sinica-, peduncle firm, with decussate 15—35 cm long, rachis 4—7 cm; full-grown pedicels 2.5 —7 cm, halfway 2
linear bracteoles Bracts the the lowest c. 1.5—3 cm long. long, linear, exceeding buds, up
to rather wide and 5 cm long, upper ones 2.5—3 cm. Calyx campanulate, thick, densely the microscopically lepidote by granular glands, 2—2.5 by 1.5—2 cm at limb, only lobed for with distinct Corolla slightly irregularly 30—40%, 5 ± gland-fields. white,
6—7 cm, incl. the entire (?) lobes, the basal part of the tube c. 1.5 by 0.2—1 cm, widest at base. Filaments c. anthers connective appendage small. 3 cm, glabrous; glabrous, 4.5 mm;
Ovary glabrous. Capsule terete, tortuous, 60—70 cm by 3 —5 mm. Distribution. Peninsular Thailand (Larsen c.s. 3i2yg; Prov. Pangnga, 8°25' N, C. G. G.J. van Steenis: Radermachera and Fernandoa 129
Geesink Santisuk and Peninsula 98°30' E, & 3300 in AAU, L) Malay (Pahang: Cameron
Highlands, SF 32631 in A, BO, K, L, LAE, SAR, SING; van Balgooy 2636 in L). Thai collections lime- N o t e s. Both were made in evergreen forest along stream on
m the forest m but the stone, at 50 alt., Malay specimens in evergreen at c. 1200 alt., speci-
mens are strikingly similar. In both collections the flower colour was white.
In leaf- and corolla-shape this species shows also resemblance with R. inflata.
10. Radermachera pentandra Hemsl.
R. Ic. 28 — A. pentandra Hemsl., Hook. PI. (1902) t. 2728. Type: Henry 10909 (A, K), Yunnan, Mengtze.
Distribution. China (Yunnan).
T. Tsai CHINA. Yunnan: Henry 10909; H. 52603; Wang & Liu 85376.
This the Note. is coarsest species of the genus, well defined in several aspects.
Curiously, the fruits are never so coarse as in R. sinica.
11. Radermachera pinnata (Blanco) Seem.
a. subsp. pinnata
Bot. R. pinnata (Blanco) Seem., J. Bot. 8 (1870) 147; Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 3 (1908) 337, incl. var. glabra
Merr.; Sp. Blanc. (1918) 350. — Millingtoniapinnata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 501. — Stereospermum
pinnatum F.-Vill., Nov. App. (1880) 151. — Neotype: Merrill, Sp. Blanc. 834 (A, BO, K, L).
Millingtonia quadripinnata Blanco, Fl. Filip. (1837) 501. — R. quadripinna Seem., J. Bot. 8 (1870) 147. —
Stereospermum quadripinnatum F.-Vill., Nov. App. (1880) 151. — Type: descr. by Blanco.
R. — banaibanai Linn. Bot. banaibana Bureau, Adansonia 2 (1861) 194. Stereospermum Rolfe, J. Soc. 23
(1884) 314. — Type: Callery 50 (P), Philippines.
Stereospermum seemannii Rolfe, J. Linn. Soc. Bot. 23 (1884) 314. — Type: Cuming 996 (BM, K), Philippines.
R. — T BS Guimaras acuminata Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 3 (1908) Bot. 335. y p e: 277 (US), Philippines, Is.
R. mindorensis Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 3 (1908) Bot. 338. — Type: Merrill 893 (US), Philippines, Mindoro. R. Sc. Bot. Rec. Trav. Bot. fenicis Merr., Philip. J. 3 (1908) 335; Steen., Neerl. 24 (1927) 979, inch var.
acuminata Steen., he. 980. — Type: BS 3583 (US), Philippines, Batanes Is.
Sc. Bot. — FB R. whitfordii Merr., Philip. J. 7 (1912) 352. Type: 11817 (US), Philippines, Mindanao.
R. brachybotrys Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 26 (1923) 489. — T y p e: BS 41688 (L), Philippines, Leyte.
Rec. Trav. Bot. — R. sorsogonensis Elmer ex Steen., Neerl. 24 (1927) 973. Type: Elmer 15337 (L), Philippines, Luzon.
R. Bull. Bot. 10 — T Koorders NE. elegans Steen., Jard. Btzg III, (1928) 252, fig. 8. y p e: 16256 (BO, L), Celebes, Minahasa.
Distribution. Celebes (inch Muna I.), W. Moluccas (Sula Is.), and Philippines.
b. comb. subsp. acuminata (Steen.) Steen., two.
R. lobbii (T. & B.) Miq. subsp. acuminata Steen., Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg III, 10 (1928) 247, fig. 6. — Type:
E iso F. H. Endert 1309 (BO, in L), S. Sumatra, Lampong Dist., Tandjongkarang. Mus. Bot. Spathodea lobbii T. & B., Nat. Tijd. Ned. Ind. 25 (1863) 413. — R. lobbii Miq., Ann. Lugd. Bat.
3 (1867) 250; Steen., Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg III, 10(1928)243, fig. 5. — T y pe:: Lobb s.tt. (BO,L), Singapore, probably cultivated from seed in Hort. Bog.
R. — 181 L N. corymbosa Steen., Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg III, 10 (1928) 249, fig. 7. Type: Achmad (BO, ). Sumatra, Simalur I.
Distribution. Malaya, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippines. Not in Java.
12. Radermacheraramiflora Steen.
iso in N. R. ramiflora Steen., J. Bot. 72 (1934) 5. — Type: Clemens 28672 (BO, K, L), Borneo, Mt.
Kinabalu. BLUMEA VOL. No. 1976 130 23, I,
Distribution. North Borneo (Mt. Kinabalu).
KEP NORTH BORNEO. Clemens 10273, 27392, 28672, 30353, 30364, 31717, 32216; 80406-, Nooteboom &
Aban 1603-, RSNB 4290; SF 26460.
with flowers Notes. A very distinct endemic species, the only one yellow in Malesia.
Carr (SF 26460) noted: calyx olive green flushed purple, corolla tube deep ochre yellow flushed lobes inside. orange, deep orange In leaves it reminds of R. inflata, R. peninsularis, and R. sinica.
13. Radermachera sinica (Hance) Hemsl.
sinica Ic. 28 R. (Hance) Hemsl., Hook. PL (1902) sub t. 2728; Kanehira, Formosan Trees, rev. ed. (1936)
659, fig. 613; Liu, 111. Lign. PL Taiwan 2 (1962) 1192, fig. 1002; H. H. Li, Woody Fl. Taiwan (1963)
16. — t. 338- — Stereospermum sinicum Hance, J. Bot. 20 (1882) Type: C. Gerlach 20797 (K). China,
Canton Prov. Described from cultivated, 2 year old, flowering sapling in Hong Kong Bot. Gard.,
raised from seed of Gerlach's collection.
R. tonkinensis P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32 (1926) 233. — Syntypes: Poilane 10859 (P)> A-J
H. Bon 2420 (P), fr., Tonkin.
Bull. Thai Bull. — R. borii C. E. C. Fischer, Kew (1940) 197, non sensn Santisuk, For. Bot. 8 (1974) 30.
Type: N. L. Bor 2699 (K), Assam, Naga Hills.
Distribution. Continental SE. Asia, from Assam and N. Burma to Tonkin,
S. China (Yunnan, Kwantung, Kwangsi), Formosa, and the southern Ryu Kyu Is.
ASSAM. Bor 2699; Koelz 32758.
NORTH BURMA. Fields Clarke 20; Kermode 17319.
TONKIN. Bon 2420, 2753; Chevalier 27931; Poilane 10859. Faurie K. M. CHINA. Canton Christian College 3459; R. C. Ching 6322; 1640; Feng 12143, 1 2405, 13342,
H. M. K. Li 14036; Forrest 7552, 8688, 24491; Fung 21078; Handel-Mazzetti 6285; Henry 1566; 2914,
2918; Liao & Kuo 1878; J. F. Rock 7230; Taam Ying Wah 1; H. T. Tsai 61454; W. T. Tsang 28008;
Y. K. T. T. Yii C. W. Wang 73217; Wang 493; 16468. FORMOSA. Keng & Kao K1279.
Notes. In my opinion a characteristic, rather homogeneous species, with which borii and its far westwards R. R. tonkinensis are clearly conspecific; this extends range
into NE. India. The midrib and larger veins are always puberulous, those in Mayodendron
F. Rock M. K. Li T. T. Yii and G. Forrest are completely glabrous. J. 7230, 2914, 16468,
8688 from Yunnan, all in immature fruit, have woody, hard-pustular-lenticellate valves,
sometimes which is the seeds and I—2 cm wide, usually not case; septum, however,
are the same as in the thinner smooth capsules.
This beautiful species has also successfully been brought into cultivation in some botanic
gardens in the Mediterranean; at Kew I saw herbarium material of flowering specimens from Les Cedres, Cap Ferrat, Antibes (cult. Thuret), Lisboa (a. 1968).
Radermachera stellata — —h. 14. Steen., sp. nov. Fig. 1g
Afflne R. hainanensi, sed distincta ab ea ceterisque speciebus paniculis semper terminalibus 15—25 cm longis florumque gemmis obconicis truncatis, denique calycibus inflatis robustis subcylindricis, medio in- excrescentiis 5 truncato-conicis glanduliferis, apice lobis 2 vel 3 tenuibus brevibus submembranaceis structis.
Type: A. Pelelot s.n. (A), Tonkin, Prov. Langson, between Dong Mo and Van Linh, 9 June 1939.
Leaves less the Large glabrous tree. 2-pinnate, more or congested at twig ends, 30—50 leaflets ovate-oblong, acuminate, by cm long; I—1.5 cm petiolulate, 7—13 3—6.5 cm, somewhat underneathwith above the base of the smooth and glossy above, gland groups C. G. G.J. van Stebnis: Radermachera and Fernandoa 131
nerves. Flowers in rather lax terminal panicles, with thin and terete axes and stalks, c. i cm
Buds in pedicellate. obconical, thick, c. 7 —10 mm long, at apex 6— 7 mm wide, the early stunted later stage shallowly 5-knobbed, apex conically developing; mature calyx ±
—16 with blunt-conical fleshy, barrel-shaped inflated, 15 by 10 mm, halfway 5 massive the narrowed and thinner almost enatia with glandular top, above knobs conically to
the lobes or Corolla papyraceous at lobes; 2 3, broad-triangular, 3—4 mm high. yellow,
slender tubular, 4—5 cm long, the tube c. 1 cm wide at apex, inside on the base of the
stamens and between them short glandular-hairy. Ovary glabrous; style 4 cm; ovules in
both cells several in in rows, the total number of ovules rather small comparison with other species.
Distribution. Tonkin, known only from the type.
of this is Note. The affinity new species possibly with the Indo-Chinese representa- tives of the variable R. hainanensis; it differs from this and all other species by the peculiar
calyx.
Sch. 15. Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.) K.
R. xylocarpa (Roxb.) K. Sch. in E. & P., Nat. Pfl. Fam. IV, 3b (1895) 234. — Bignonia xylocarpa Roxb.,
Fl. Ind. ed. Carey 3 (1832) 108; Wight, Icon. 4 (1848) t. 1335 & 1336; Beddome, Fl. Sylv. (1870) 70,
— G. Gen. — Brandis, For. t. 70. Tecoma xylocarpa Don, Syst. 4 (1837) 225. Spalhodea xylocarpa Flora
B. — (1874) 349, t. 43. — Stereospermum xylocarpum & H., Gen. PL 2 (1876) 1047. Type: Cult. Hort.
Calc. (?), Deccan Peninsula.
Distribution. West India.
INDIA. MS— F. Meebold Ritchie Saldanha DeccanPeninsula: Christie 75; Cleadow 42; 8439; 469;
16324; Wight herb. prop. 2319.
DOUBTFUL SPECIES
16. Radermachera coriacea Merr.
— Merrill R. coriacea Merr., Philip. J. Sc. 3 (1908) Bot. 333; En. Philip. 3 (1923) 445. Type: 1099 (?,
fl. fr. probably lost), Philippines, Luzon, Tayabas, eastcoast, pr. Baler, Sept. 1902,
Notes. Merrill keyed this 'very characteristic' species immediately out from the other Philippine species by the strongly longitudinally 5- or 6-ribbed calyx, combined with leaves. cleft down side to the i-pinnate Calyx 1.8 cm; on one nearly middle, 3- above. Leaflets toothed at apex. Corolla 4 cm, the tube rather narrow, slightly enlarged 5, Panicles 7—14 by 3 —4 cm. 15 cm.
would with The few rather large leaflets and the narrow corolla suggest affinity R. eberhardtii, but in that species the calyx is entirely smooth.
For the present the identity cannot be solved.
EXCLUDED SPECIES
P. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris = Radermachera alata Dop, Bull. 32 (1926) 184 Pauldopia ghorta (Buch.-Ham.
ex G. Don) Steen.
Bot. Radermachera bipinnata (Coll. & Hemsl.) Steen. ex Chatterjee,Bull. Soc. Beng. 2 (1948) 71 ( Tecoma
bipinnata Coll. & Hemsl.) =Pauldopia ghorta(Buch. -Ham. ex G. Don) Steen.
Nat. Paris bracteata Radermachera bracteata P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. 32 (1926) 234 =Fernandoa (P. Dop)
Steen. No. 132 BLUMEA VOL. 23, I, 1976
Steen. b. of and d. corolla. — Fig. 1. Radermachera peninsularis a. Leaflet; apex thyrse; c. calyx style; R. in R. Steen. Steen. Three of inflated f. corolla. — stellata inflata e. stages development calyx; g. Flower; h. calyx, lateral and apical views. — Fernandoa bracteata (P. Dop) Steen. i. Flower; j. detail of calyx showing
Larsen stellate hairs and crateriform — All size, —d. f. W. T. glands. nat. except j x 4 (a c.s. 31239, e. & Tsatig
28967, g & h. Pételot 7260, i & j. Brillet, Chien-hoa no. 1). C. G. G. J. van Steenis : Radermachera and Femandoa 133
P. Radermachera brilletii Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris II, 2 (1930) 15s =Fernandoa bracteata (P. Dop)
Steen.
2 =Pauldopia Radermachera ghorta (Buch.-Ham. ex G. Don) Chatterjee, Bull. Bot. Soc. Beng. (1948) 71
G. Steen. ghorta (Buch.-Ham. ex Don)
Barn. Kew = kerrii & Radermachera kerrii & Sandw., Bull. 20 (1966) 233 Barnettia (Barn. Sandw.)
Santisuk.
Barnettia Santisuk. Radermachera pagetii Craib, Kew Bull. (1922) 173 = pagetii (Craib)
Radermachera wallichii (Clarke) Chatterjee, Bull. Bot. Soc. Beng. 2 (1948) 72 (Stereospermum wallichii Clarke)
neuranthum Kurz. = Stereospermum
2. FERNANDOA
& cit. Fernandoa Welw. ex Seem. (sphalma Ferdinandia), J. Bot. 3 (1865) 330, t. 37 38; op. 4 (1866) 123;
280 cit. Kew Bull. Milne- op. cit. 8 (1870) (sphalma Ferdinandoa); op. 9 (1871) 81; Sprague, (1929) 44; Kew Adansonia 6 Redhead, Kew Bull. 3 (1948) 171; Verdcourt, Bull. 7 (1952) 364; Heine, 4 (1964) 4 7—4701 B. Gen. Gentry, Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 62 (1975) 480. — Ferdinanda & H., PI. 2 (1876) 1047, pro syn.,
& Nat. Pfl. Fam. — Fernandia Hist. PI. K. Sch. in E. IV, 3b (1895) non Lag. 1816. Baill., 10 (1891) 47; P., Sch. in E. Fam. — Hist. PI. K. & P., Nat. Pfl. 243; 243. Kigelianthe Baill., 10 (1891) 50; IV, 3b (1895)
ex sens. Perrier de la Bathic, Fl. Madag.fam. 178 (1938) 18, fig. V. — Ferdinandia Welw. Seem. Sprague,
Fl. Trop. Afr. IV, 2 (1906) 516. — Haplophragma P. Dop, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 72 (1925) 889; Steen., Rec. P. C. R. Bot. 262. — Dop, Trav. Bot. Neerl. 24 (1927) 998; Bull. Jard. Btzg III, 10 (1928) Spathodeopsis
Ac. Sc. Paris 189 (1929) 1097; Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris II, 2 (1930) 152; Fl. Gen. I.—C. 4 (1930) 593- — Bull- Nat. Paris Hexaneurocarpon P. Dop, C. R. Ac. Sc. Paris 189 (1929) 1097; Mus. Hist. II, 2 (1930) Soc. Bot. Fr. Gen. 606. — Tisseranthodendron Bull. 98 153; Fl. I.—C. 4 (1930) Sillans, (1951) 270—272, cit. 281—282. pi.; op. cit. 99 (1952) 173; op. 100(1953)
of makes the emendation The inclusion some more species following necessary;
Leaflets mostly rather thin and elliptic-oblong, acuminate, almost sessile, with some to flat underneath towards the in all but many spot-like glands base; one species small,
triangular, hairy domatia are found in the nerve-axils. Calyx irregularly 2—5-lobed, with in and inflorescence often with distinct prominent glands the upper half. Calyx
multicellular stalks. terete to about in stellate hairs, sometimes on short Ovary square CS,
mostly densely appressed-hairy, in Indo-Malesia the cells with 3(—5) ribs and also the with elevated lines. pod usually lengthwise ribbed or Distribution. Four species in tropical West and East Africa (Angola, Gabon,
and 6 Congo, Cameroun, Tanganyika, Mozambique), 3 species in Madagascar, species
in continental SE. Asia and N. Sumatra.
Notes. Haplophragma differs mainly from Heterophragma in having a simple, flat,
thickish to the i.e. absence of a false As the occurrence septum transverse valves, septum.
which beobserved the is constant in ofthe false septum, can already in ovary, so Markhamia, character. Dolichandrone, and Barnettia, I believe this to be an important generic
I felt induced to reduce two monotypic genera described by P. Dop (1.e.) from Indo- for China. Dop compared Spathodeopsis with the African Spathodea, mainly reason of the side somewhat than between the other lobes. Such calyx which is on one deeper split in of and is unequal lobing occurs, however, also frequently species Radermachera, radically
different from the really spathaceous calyces in Spathodea, Markhamia, and Dolichandrone. known in the As to Hexaneurocarpum, which is unfortunately as yet only fruit, structure of and of the fruit, seed, and septum exactly matches that Haplophragma I can see no reason to keep it separate. material of the African Fernandoa, During a recent visit to Kew I saw incidentally genus nomenclature Milne-Redhead a genus of which the complicated generic was exposed by (1948, I.e.) and its taxonomical distinction by Heine (1964, I.e.). Recently, Gentry (197s,
Baill. Fernandoa and to all I.e.) reduced the Madagascan genus Kigelianthe to gave a key African-Madagascan species. 134 BLUMEA VOL. 23, No. 1, 1976
Schumann (1895, I.e.) placed Fernandoa next to Heterophragma and distinguished them
by the shape of the corolla. Sprague (1906, I.e.) affirmed this affinity, saying that Fernandoa distinct in Since was having axillary thyrses and an annular disk. Dop split the genus the Heterophragma into Heterophragma sens. str. and Haplophragma disposition of Fernandoa
closest to came Haplophragma.
In his classification of Afro-Asian Bignoniaceae (Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Toulouse 64,
1929: 644) Dop distinguished Fernandoa from Haplophragma in having a cup-shaped in disk and lateral (often ramiflorous) inflorescences. However, as the Sumatran Haplo- and terminal phragma both lateral inflorescences occur, this character becomes obsolete; also annular I can neither adhere generic significance to the shape of the disk, as and
cupular is a matter of degree, nor to that of the shape of the corolla.
For these reasons I have come to the conclusion that the genera Haplophragma and the latter oldest. Fernandoa are congeneric, name being the
In addition, I have found that the species of both share two vegetative characters, almost with small namely that the always glabrous leaves are provided hairy domatia in
the nerve-axils underneath and that the leaf glands underneathare few, flat ,and spot-like.
Dr. H. Heine kindly checked this for all Afro-Madagascan species. These two vegetative all African and characters also occur in Madagascan species.
KEY TO THE INDO-MALESIAN SPECIES
Leaflets I. Calyx densely rusty-tomentose, 2.5 —3 cm, campanulate, feebly 5-ribbed.
wide-elliptic, (2—)3(—4) pairs, 7—24 by 4—19 cm, underneath densely brown-hairy
hairs. Corolla tomentose and by stellate outside, large wide, c. 7 cm long. Ovary
—60 with or ribs each appressed-tomentose. Capsule 30 by 1.5—2.5 cm, 4 5 on valve,
rusty-tomentose 1. F. adenophylla smaller. Leaflets underneath brown- 1. Calyx not densely rusty-tomentose, not densely hairy by stellate hairs.
rather the 2. Leaflets underneath laxly crisped-puberulous, more densely so on rather trabeculate. midrib; no proper domatia; secondary veins distinctly Capsule valves (sec. Dop) ± quadrangular in CS, 40 by 4 cm, the thick, spongeous but
in rather woody. Septum thick, 2.5 cm by 4 mm diameter. Seeds large, 5.5 —6.5 by unknown brilletii 2 cm. Flowers 3. F.
2. Leaflets underneath glabrous; domatia present, hairy. Capsule not quadrangular in
CS.
Leaf-index Leaflets 3. 2.5 —3. entire.
rather 1.8 at least with 4. Calyx wide, —2.5 cm long, 5 mm wide, large glands in
upper half. Ovary halves with 3 distinct ridges.
Corolla tube cm wide at the mouth. 5. very large, 8—10 cm, c. 4 Thyrse
bud with ribs at least half. glabrous. Calyx glabrous, in 5 in upper Capsule 6-ribbed F. 40 by 2.5—3 cm, (sec. Dop) 4. collignonii
Corolla much and rather wide at 5. smaller, 4—5 cm long tubular, c. 1 cm
the mouth, with strigose hairs at the base. Thyrse and calyx appressedly
short stellate-pubescent. Capsule unknown 2. F. bracteata
4. Calyx narrow-tubular, 1—1.2 cm long, 2.5—3 mm wide, only occasionally with lateral and terminal a single gland at apex of tube, as the short, thyrses
densely appressed-hairy (partly stellate-hairy), at apex very shortly 2- or
3-lobed. Corolla with a cylindrical basal part of the tube c. 5 mm diameter,
funnel-shaped, widened to the mouth, pale pinkish or white, the lobes Fernandoa C. G. G. J. van Stbenis : Radermachera and 135
halves with feeble crisped, outside minutely puberulous. Ovary 3 ridges.
Capsule linear, straight or twisted, not or hardly ribbed, lenticellate, 40—65
valves coriaceous, not hard or woody; 8 —10 mm wide. by 1—1.5 cm; septum the short wide. macroloba Seeds 4—5 cm including wings, 1 cm . . 5. F.
Leaf-index Leaflets dentate with a or 3. 1.5—:2.2. shallowly or crenate, hydathode the lowest gland near each tooth, to almost entire, 7—16 by 4.5 —6.5 cm, pair
broadly elliptic and smallest, suddenly acuminate. Capsule cylindric, to 100 by
1.5 cm, the valves rather thin, not woody, with 3—5 elevated ridges. Septum
thick. Seeds cm the hard, c. 1 cm wide, 1.5—2 mm c. 3—4 including wings, wide. 8 —10 mm Flowers unknown 6. F. serrata
1. Fernandoa adenophylla (Wall, ex G. Don) Steen., comb. nov.
221. — Spathodea Bignonia adenophylla Wall. [Cat. 6502 (1832) nomen] ex G. Don, Gen. Syst. 4 (1838) Seem, B. Gen. adenophylla DC., Prod. 9 (1845) 206. — Heterophragmaadenophyllum ex & H., PI. 2 (1875)
Br. — 1047; Kurz, For. Fl. Burma 2 (1877) 236; Clarke, Fl. Ind. 4 (1884) 381. Haplophragmaadenophyllum
P. Dop, Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 72 (1925) 887; Steen., Bull. Jard. Bot. Btzg III, 10 (1928) 265. — Type: Wallich 6502 (G, iso in K, P), fl. fr., Ava, Prome.
Indo- Distribution. Assam to Tenasserim & Chittagong, Burma, Thailand,
China, Andaman & Cocos Is., Malay Peninsula.
INDO-CHINA. Annam: Poilane 27916, 28051.
leaflets, of pseudo- Note. Stands apart from the other species by very large presence and corolla. stipules, a very large rusty calyx, large long-hairy
2. Fernandorabracteata (P. Dop) Steen., nov. comb. — Fig. 1i—j.
I.—C. — Radermachera bracteata P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 32 (1926) 234; Fl. Gen. 4 (1930) 588.
Service Forestier du Tonkin Moc Prov. de Son Oct. Type: s.n. (P), fl., Ha, La, 7 1924.
Hist. Nat. Paris Fl. —C. (1930) — Radermachera brilletii P. Dop, Bull. Mus. II, 2 (1930) 155; Gen. I. 4 588. No. Type: Brillct s.n. (P), fl., Tonkin, Hoa Binh, Chien Hoa, 1.
Distribution. Indo-China: Tonkin. Only known from the type specimen.
be but tomentose in Notes. As in Radermachera the ovary may lepidote, never as these raised. omitted to section the ovaries; two Radermacheras, my curiosity was Dop each halfof this yielded the solution: they have a thick quadrangular ovary wall, which, later developing into the fruit valves, has 3 ribs; the dissepiment carries 2 placentas of withnumerous ovules. This structure exactly matches that in other species Haplophragma and that given by Dop for Hexaneurocarpon. that in fact in- Dop indicated both Radermachera species were very close; the young florescence of R. bracteata carries fairly large, leafy, lanceolate bracts (as in R. xylocarpa), but in of brilletii. they are caducous as the type R. The tubular and small similar species is characterized by a slender corolla a narrow calyx fruits known to that in F. macroloba. Unfortunately, no are as yet.
Fernandoa brilletii comb. 3. (P. Dop) Steen., nov.
Gen. (1930) 606, Hexatieurocarpon brilletii P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris II, 2 (1930) 153; Fl. I.—C. 4
—6. — Hoa No. fig. 67: 3 Type: Brillet s.n. (P), fr., Tonkin, Binh, 11.
Distribution. Indo-China: Tonkin (Hoa Binh), only known from the type.
leaflets Note. Obviously a clear-cut species, with broad-elliptic finely crisped- 136 BLUMEA VOL. 23, No. 1, 1976
and a large capsule pubertulous underneath, probably no domatia, very quadrangular with large septum and big seeds.
comb. 4. Fernandoa collignonii (P. Dop) Steen., nov.
Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Spathodeopsis collignonii P. Dop, C. R. Ac. Sc. Paris 189 (1929) 1097, ‘rossignolii’; Gen. I.—C. Santisuk, Kew Bull. 28 (1973) Paris II, 2 (1930) 152; Fl. 4 (1930) 593, fig. 64: 1—6; 174; Hoa Thai For. Bull. Bot. 8 (1974) 10.— Type: Collignon s.n. (P), fl., Tonkin, Binh.
Distribution. N. Thailand and Indo-China.
THAILAND. NORTH: Santisuk, I.E. (iwti vidi), Winit 1788. Evrard Poilatie INDO-CHINA. T onkin: Santisuk, I.e. — An nam: ?Chevalier 38950 (fl. only); 515;
228. 6055. — Laos: ?Poilatie 2309 (sterile); Spire
that the is immature; N otes. Santisuk correctly remarked pod depicted by Dop the mature capsule has straight prominent ribs, not undulated ones. that and that its timber is for Poilane noted this tree can attain I metre diameter good
termites. all purposes, not being attacked by Evrard be but The magnificent colossal flowers are mentioned by to orange red,
Poilane (6055) noted them to be white and to flower at an early age.
Fernandoa macroloba (Miq.) comb. nov. 5. Steen.,
macrolobum Backer ex Nutt. PI. — Heyne, Spathodea macroloba Miq., Sumatra (1861) 565. Heterophragma Bot. — macrolobum Rec. Trav. Nccrl. 1002, Ned. Ind. (1927) 1371. Haplophragma Stccn., 24 (1927) HB Bot. 10 (1928) fig. 12. — Type: Diepenhorsl fig. 13b, 14a—d; Bull. Jard. Btzg III, 263, 2353 iso in BO), fr., W. Sumatra, Priaman.
Distribution. North Sumatra.
6. Fernandoa serrata (P. Dop) Steen., comb, nov.
—C. — Haplophragma serratum P. Dop, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris II, 2 (1930) 154; Fl. Gen. I. 4 (1930) 592.
Type: Brillet s.n. (P), fr., Tonkin, Hoa Binh.
Distribution. Indo-China.
INDO-CHINA. Tonkin. Hoa Binh: Brillet s.n., ditto, no. 10 leg. Brillet; Poilane 13012 (sterile).
A n n a m: Chevalier 38391, 39028 (leg. Fleury); Poilane 487, 12487.
dentate leaf Notes. This species is only known in fruit. By the leaf-index and
it but more material from tree margin can provisionally be kept apart, complete one
show that it is the of F. bracteata. The leaf dentation is in some may later fruiting stage Poilane and be due leaves. leaves hard to observe, e.g. in 487 may to juvenile
mature his which small m with Poilane noted under no. 13012, is a tree, 4—5 high,
that the and a diameterof I and that it yields capsules, species may attain large size metre, excellent all which is attacked termites. an timber for purposes not by C. G. G. J. van Steenis: Radermachera and Fernandoa 137
Index
names in in italics new names and new combinations in bold Accepted roman, synonyms , type. Figure
before the colon refers to genus number, that behind the colon to species number; 'excl.' refers to names
mentioned under 'Excluded* at the end of genus i.
Barnettia Santisuk P. kcrrii 1: excl. eberhardtii Dop i: 2
pagetii Santisuk 1: excl. elegans Steen. 1: 11
G. Don 2: Merr. Bignonia adenophylla 1 elliptica 1: 4
amoena Wall. 1: 4 elmeri Merr. 1: 4
oxyphylla DC. 1: 4 var. fragrans Elm. 1: 4
porteriana DC. 1: 5 fenicis Merr. 1: 11
acuminata xylocarpa Roxb. 1:15 var. Steen. 1: 11
Ferdinanda B. & H. sphalma 2 fragrans Steen. 1: 4
Seem, & How Ferdinandia sphalma 2 frondosa Chun 1: 3
Ferdinandoa Seem, sphalma 2 ghorta Chatterjee 1: excl.
Fernandia Baill. sphalma 2 gigantea Miq. 1: 4
Fernandoa Seem. 2 var. aurantiaca Steen. 1: 4
Steen. adenophylla 2: 1 glandulosa Miq. 1: 5
bracteata Steen. 1: excl.; 2: 2 grandiflora P. Dop 1: 6
brilletii hainanensis Merr. Steen. 2: 3 1: 6
collignonii Steen. 2: 4 ignea Steen. 1: 7
Steen. in data macroloba 2: 5 Steen. 1: 8
serrata Steen. 2: 6 kerrii Barn. & Sandw. 1: excl.
P. Haplophragma Dop 2 lobbii Miq. 1: lib lib adenophyllumP. Dop 2: 1 ssp. acuminata Steen. 1:
macrolobum Steen. 2: 5 mindorensis Merr. 1: 11
serratum P. Dop 2: 6 pagetii Craib 1: excl.
B. H. Heterophragma adenophyllum & 2: 1 palawanensis Merr. 1: 4
macrolobum Heyne 2: 5 peninsularis Steen. 1: 9
P. Hexaneurocarpon Dop 2 pentandra Hemsl. 1:10
brilletii P. Dop 2: 3 pierrei P. Dop 1: 6
Seem. KigeliantheBaill. 2 pinnata 1: 11
acuminata Steen. 11b Lagaropyxis Miq. 1 ssp. 1:
gigantea Miq. 1: 4 ssp. pinnata 1: 11a
f. borneensis Miq. 1: 4 poilanei P. Dop 1: 6 f. sumatrana Miq. 1: 4 punctata Steen. 1: 4
glandulosa Miq. 1: 5 quadripinna Seem. 1: 11
Kurz Mayodendron 1 ramiflora Steen. 1: 12
igneum Kurz 1: 7 sibuyanensis Elm. 1: 4
Millingtoniapinnata Blanco 1: 11 sinica Hemsl. 1:13
quadripinnata Blanco 1: 11 sinica (non Hemsl.) Merr. 1: 3
Pauldopia ghorta Steen. 1: excl. sorsogonensis Steen. 1: 11
Radermachera Z. & M. 1 stellata Steen. 1: 14
acuminata Merr. stricta Z. & M. 1: 11 1: 5
alata P. Dop 1: excl. tonkinensis P. Dop 1: 13
Seem. wallichii excl. amoena 1: 4 Chatteijee 1:
banaibana Bur. 1: 11 whitfordii Merr. 1: 11
K. bipinnata Chatteijee 1: excl. xylocarpa Sch. 1: 15
biternata Merr. 1: 4 Spathodea adenophylla DC. 2: 1
boniana P. Dop 1: 1 amoenaDC. 1: 4
Bl. borii C. E. C. Fischer 1: 13 gigantea 1:4 borii (non Fischer) Santisuk 1: 9 glandulosa Bl. 1: 5 T. borneensis Steen. 1: 4 lobbii & B. 1: 11b
brachybotrys Merr. 1: 11 macroloba Miq. 2: 5 P. bracteata Dop 1: excl.; 2: 2 xylocarpa Brandis 1: 15
P. P. brilletii Dop 1: excl.; 2: 2 Spathodeopsis Dop 2
coriacea Merr. 1:16 collignonii P. Dop 2: 4
P. corymbosa Steen. 1: 11b rossignolii Dop sphalma 2: 4 BLUMEA VOL. 23, No. 1, 1976 138
banaibanai sinicum Hance Stereospermum Rolfe I: I 1:13
glandulosumMiq. 1: 5 wallichii Clarke 1: excl.
B. & H. hypostictum Miq. 1: 4 xylocarpum 1: 15
neuranthum Kurz 1: excl. Tecoma bipinnata Coll. & Hemsl. 1: excl.
Don pinnatumF.-Vill. 1: n xylocarpa G. 1: 15
quadripinnatum F.-Vill. 1: 11 Tisseranthodendron Sillans 2
seemannii Rolfe 1: 1r