MELBOURNE CITY WATCH HOUSE "RMIT HISTORIC LEGAL PRECINCT" CONSERVATION PLAN

prepared for the RMIT UNIVERSITY by

Heritage Assets Branch Building Services Agency DEPARTMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE 9TH LEVEL, 80 COLLINS STREET, 3000 Tel: 0396556015 Fax: 0396556406

February 1998 Contents Page

Executive Summary 3

1.0 Introduction 4 1.1 Background 4 1.2 Heritage Status 4

2.0 History 6 2.1 Introduction 6 2.2 The Site 7 2.3 The Architects 8 2.4 The Design 9 2.5 Use of the Buildings 9 2.6 Historical Associations 10 2.7 Alterations to the Fabric 11

3.0 Significance 12 3.1 Assessment of Significance 12 3.2 Statement of Significance 12

4.0 Conservation Policy 14 4.1 Significant Areas and Elements 14 4.2 Building Use 15 4.3 Fabric and Setting 16 4.4 Future Development 20 4.5 Interpretation 21 4.6 Management 21 4.7 Heritage Permit Exemptions 22

5.0 Conservation Action 23 5.1 Statutory Protection 23 5.2 Prioritised Schedule of Works and Estimates 23 5.3 Financial and Technical Assistance 26

6.0 List of Illustrations & Photos 28

Sources and Bibliography 49 Appendices 52

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 2 Executive Summary

This Conservation Plan assesses the significance of the former City Watch House within the Historic Legal Precinct which extends from LaTrobe Street along Russell Street to Victoria Street, and includes the former Melbourne Magistrates Court, the former City Watch House, the former Police Garage, and part of the Old Melbourne Gaol. It proposes a conservation policy for the building and recommends a staged program of works.

Heritage Status The building and land are subject to heritage protection at State and Municipal levels.

Cultural Significance The precinct and buildings which it contains have been devoted to law and order, policing and justice since the early days of Melbourne. The former Melbourne Magistrates Court and City Watch House mark an important stage in the development of the architectural design produced by the Pubic _Works Department in the early 20th Century, being unique Melbourne examples of the French Romanesque style as applied to the expression of law and justice.

Conservation Policy The site and buildings demonstrate ongoing development of legal!custodial use over 150 years. From the 1920s part of the remaining gaol site was taken over for teaching functions of the adjacent former Working Men's College (now the RMIT University), including the Welding School (Building 5) in 1920, the new Engineering School(Building 3) in 1929, and the Emily McPherson College of Domestic Economy in 1925-27. The proposed future use extends the ownership and use by RMIT. It is recommended that this future use should retain the significant fabric and interior spaces of the existing registered building, and that the history of development of the site in relation to its legal!custodial use be interpreted to the Public.

Conservation Action While the Russell Street facade of the building and the cell block are essentially intact, considerable external works are required to conserve the fabric of the buildings, particularly the replacement of roofing materials, repairs to the roof drainage and render repairs.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House USA 5/13/98 3 1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background

This conservation plan has been commissioned and funded by the Victorian Department of Justice with the aim of:

• establishing the cultural significance of the building • formulating a conservation policy for the building • providing a conservation action plan

The historic legal precinct comprises the old City Magistrates' Court, the former City Watch House, the former Police Garage, and the remains of the Old Melbourne Gaol. A section of the latter was removed in the 1920s to allow construction of the Emily McPherson College of Domestic Economy, on the corner of Russell and Victoria Streets, and the Engineering School in Bowen Street. Across the road in Russell Street is the former Melbourne Police Headquarters.

This report covers the former City Watch House. The former City Magistrates Court, the former Police Garage and the former Chapel and Administration Building of the Old Melbourne Gaol will be covered in separate studies. The remainder of the former gaol buildings has been covered by a study commissioned by the National Trust.

1.2 Heritage Status

Heritage Act 1995 All the buildings within the precinct are separately protected under the Heritage Act 1995. The Watch House is included on the Heritage Register and its extent of designation is specified and recorded on plans held by the Heritage Council. Permits from Heritage Victoria are required for any works to the designated building and land. The listing is as follows:

The listing is as follows:

H1006 City Watch House (1907-08) Russell Street, Melbourne

To the extent of: 1 All of the buildings known as the City Watch House marked B-1 on Plan No. 603510 signed by the Cha irperson, HBC, and held by the Director, HBC, and 2 The land marked L-1 on Plan No. 603510 signed by the Chairperson,

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 4 HBC and held by the Director, HBC being part of the land contained in Crown Allotment 45 of Section 44, parish of Melbourne North. See Figure 1.

Melbourne Planning Scheme The former Melbourne Magistrates Court, City Watch House, Police Garage and Old Melbourne Gaol are listed as notable buildings in the Melbourne Planning Scheme. A Planning Permit would therefore be required for any works to the exterior of the buildings.

Australian Heritage Commission The former City Watch House is not included on the Register of the National Estate.

National Trust of Australia The former City Watch House is classified separately by the National Trust and also as part of a Group Classification with the former Magistrates Court, Police Garage, Old Melbourne Gaol, and RMIT Building No 1 at 124 LaTrobe Street.

This classification does not entail any statutory controls but may engender considerable public interest.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 5 2.0 History

2.1 Introduction

Australia, founded principally as a penal colony, was to be much preoccupied in its early decades with the problems of reconciling growth and settlement with the burden of Britain's unwanted criminals. Victoria, although founded as a free society, could not escape the same concerns. It sought to define itself as different from New South Wales and the other penal settlements and emphasised its origins as a free colony, untainted by the convict stain. However, the issue of crime and convicts remained a vexed question for Victorians.

During the earliest days at Port Phillip, some kind of holding place had to be found for offenders. The first gaol in the Port Phillip settlement was a temporary one, a slab hut surrounded by a stockade on Batman's Hill. It was destroyed by fire in 1838.1 The Western Gaol in Collins Street was begun in 1839-40 and contained three principal compartments and two solitary cells.

A watch house was erected in Swanston Street in 1840 on the site where the Melbourne Town Hall and Administration building now stand. It was replaced in 1849 with a larger building containing two cells, a store room and an office. The court house and office of the Police Superintendent was located between this building and Little Collins Street.? The need to build a new Town Hall resulted in the watch house being removed and a larger replacement was added to the back of the court. By 1888 the Melbourne City Council had purchased the whole block and the Police Court, watch house and lock-up function moved to the by then vacant Supreme Court on the corner of Russell and LaTrobe Streets. A row of portable wooden cells along the old gaol wall formed the lock-up with a brick office constructed adjacent as the watch house. (See Figure 2).

2.2 The Site

The site precinct is bounded by LaTrobe Street and Russell Street on the south and east, and on the north and west as shown on Figure 1. It was originally occupied fully by the Old Melbourne Gaol and the former Supreme Court. See Figure 2.

The site of the former Magistrates Court was occupied by the Old Supreme Court Building from 1849 until its demolition in 1910. The present Supreme

1 J. Arm strong, 'His tory of Prison s in Victoria', The Bridge, 3, no. 4, May 1980. p.4: The Old Melbal/1'I1c Gaol. Text by Robyn Riddett & Geoffrey Down . Melbourne, National Trus t of Australia (Victoria), 1991. pp.4-5. 2 City Watch HOl/se, typescrip t in Police Historical Unit File.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 6 Court Building in William Street was completed in 1884 and the Magistrates' Courts function was carried out in the Old Supreme Court Building from 1884 until it was demolished.

The site of the present remnants of the Old Melbourne Gaol, the former Police Garage, and the City Watch House, was originally occupied in total by the Old Melbourne Gaol. The south wall of the gaol forms the south boundary of the former City Watch House. The Watch House occupies the site of the first three storey cell block of the Old Melbourne Gaol. The former Police garage occupies the site of the gaol hospital built in 1864-5.

It is believed that there were burials associated with the prison hospital in the yard adjacent to the former prison boundary wall to the east. In April, 1929, a grave believed to be that of Ned Kelly, was dug up during excavations for the foundation of the new RMIT Engineering School>. This was adjacent to the south wall of the gaol near the corner with Bowen Street. See Figure 3. Other graves were subsequently found in the area, shown on the map made at the time as the'gaol funeral yard'.

The precinct has been devoted to law and order, policing and justice since the early days of Melbourne.

2.3 The Architects

GBH Austin The City Watch House, as for the Melbourne Magistrates' Court, was built to designs by George B.H. Austin, a Public Works Department architect. Austin, who was born in 1860, was appointed to the public service at the age of 16, worked there all his life, and rose to become District Architect in charge of the metropolitan district by 19154.

Austin was the architect for the Melbourne State College building of 1888, the Camperdown Court House (1886-7), court houses at MacArthur, Geelong West, Carlton and the remodelling of the Benalla Court House in 1888 and Warrnambool in 1889. Perhaps the fact that his father was a clerk of courts may have given him a particular interest in the designs of court houses.f

Other buildings attributed to Austin are state schools at Clifton Hill (Spensley Street) and Abbotsford (Victoria Park), post offices at Geelong West,

3 Argus, 13 April, 1929. 4 .Bruce Trethowan. Tile Public Works Department of Victoria, 1851-1900: All Architectural History. Melbourne, University of Melbourne, Department of Architecture & Building, 1975. Blue Books, Victoria, 1910 -15 . 5De

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 7 Queensc1iff, Portarlington, and Elsternwick, and the Mt. Buffalo Chalet.f A man of diverse talents, Austin was an inventor, an amateur scientist and an artist. At one point he is believed to have invented a biplane. His pen and ink sketches of Lorne, his favourite holiday place, are still on sale there today?

Just before he died in 1921, Austin's design for a War Memorial for Victoria received much publicity. He wanted to symbolize the British Empire's role in the First World War by incorporating Nelson's Column into the design.f His design never eventuated. In the month of his death, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Victorian Institute of Architects. 9

2.4 The Design

The City Watch House comprises two main sections, a two-storeyed, symmetrical administration building at the front which is rendered brickwork, with a single storey brickwork cell block and exercise yards occupying the major part of the site to the rear (refer to Figure 4 and 5). It was constructed by contractor F.G Shillabeer in 1908 at a cost of 10,382 pounds!",

The original plans show a porch leading to a vestibule with offices, search room and toilets on the south side and the matron's room and infants room to the north. Upstairs were the matron's flat to the north and the supervisor's flat to the south. The cell block ran east - west and comprised two rows of cells either side of a central, c1erestorey-lit passage. There is a men's exercise yard on the south side of the cell block, and a women's on the north.

The administration building is designed in Romanesque Revival style and can be seen as a forerunner to the adjacent court building by the same architect. A change to the plan was made before construction, providing a side (prisoner) entry from the lane beside the City Court and altering the configuration of the toilets (refer to Figure 6).

2.5 Use of the Building

The City Watch House was the central collection point for persons apprehended in the city area, charged and put before the Court of Petty Sessions. Persons charged en route from country centres were lodged there temporarily until transport and escort arrangement could be made. Prisoners

60bituary. Royal Victorian Institute of Architects [aurnal r July 1921, p.97 7Interview with relative, Judith Prasad, 21 February 1990 8Royal Victorian Institute of Architects [aurnal , May 1921.,p. 52 9I/Jid. July 1921, p.62 10 HAS File 83/5075

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 8 from suburban police stations were sometimes held at the City Watch House, in cases where they were particularly violent, mentally ill or with suicidal tendencies, or when the suburban station was being repaired. It was also where prisoners were held during the day while on trial at the City Magistrates' Court, being returned to Pentridge each afternoonll.

The staff, including a sergeant, matron (responsible for the female prisoners and sometimes their accompanying children), senior and other constables operated on three shifts. Administrative duties included keeping the Watch House book, which recorded the cases and arrests which were to appear before the courts the following day, as well as checking and filing bail bonds, gaol receipts, property receipts (for property taken from prisoners), court results, warrants, etc. Constables were responsible for escorting the prisoners to the dock and removing them when rcquiredl-.

A high percentage of prisoners suffered mental or physical disabilites, many were drunk, and two padded cells (refer to photo 10) were provided for persons who needed protection from themselves. The prisoners were categorised as to whether they were "drunks, drunks when sober, vermin infested, general, en route from country centres, mental, vagrant, or had committed serious offencesT'.

The View Room was used every morning except Sunday. Prisoners were lined up under lights to be viewed by Detectives or other interested Police for identification purposes.

2.6 Historical Associations

Staff The first Sergeant stationed at the City Watch House when it opened in 1909 was James Rattray.14

Cases A notable case involving the City Watch House was the trial by United States court-martial of American serviceman Private Edward J. Leonski, who was held at the City Watch House in Cell No.6 for the duration of his trial, from the time he was taken into custody on 22 May, 1942, until he was moved to Pentridge for his execution by hanging, in November the same year.1S His cell was described as the second on the left "as you enter the Watchhouse

11 City Wateil House , Typescript in Pol ice Historical Unit File 12 Ibid 13 Ibid 14 Typescript in Police H istorical Unit File 1S Ivan Chapman Priuaie Eddie Lcunski, The Brounuiut Strangler, NSW 1982

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 9 on Russell Street. The cell is about 12 feet by 15 feet. There is a barred window at one end. The door can be both locked and bolted. The toilet is repulsively smelly."16

Leonski was found guilt of separately murdering three women and was tried by US court-martial because General MacArthur refused to hand him over to Australian Justice. An exchange of diplomatic notes between London and the United States, prevented the then Premier of Victoria, Albert Dunstan, or the Australian Prime Minister John Curtain, from intervening. Leonski had been stationed with other American troops at Camp Pell on Royal Park, near Gatehouse Street, Parkville. The court-martial was held in "a hall in an old building near police headquarters in Russell Street, and almost opposite the City Watchhouse"17 Described as a "normally a hall used for banquets and dances", this room was possibly the gymnasium in the old police station opposite the Watch House, or the Odd Fellows Hall adjacent to the old police station.

2.7 Alterations to the Fabric

The major change to the former City Watch House has been the conversion to offices of the original residential accommodation on the upper level of the administration building. This included removal of the stair at the north side (Refer to Figure 9, rooms G47 and F113) which previously connected the matron's area on the ground floor to her flat above. The former infants' room has been subdivided as has the former general office . The counter, possibly originally from the general office where shown on the original plan, has been moved to the former searching room.

In the foyer the inner doorway has been relocated in front of the archway separating the imler from the main vestibule. This inner doorway now comprises double timber half-glazed doors with matching sidelights, and is a screen rather than a single security door as shown on the original details. The former doorway behind this, between the inner vestibule and the cross passage has been partitioned off and the mesh screening on the corridor side does not appear to be original.

The original sanitary facilities in the cells appear to have been provided in the form of a timber sea t across the corner of each cell with a round hole in it over a bucket as shown on the plans. The cells were sewered some time between 1944 and 196618. The stainless steel pans probably date from the 1970s.

16 Ibid, p. 107 17 Ibid, p.143 18 PWD Draw ing nos .12.90 26 .06.'44 shows corner bucket seats, Dewg. no F544 10.1 1.'65 shows drainage lines existing tocells.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 10 The covering grilles to the exercise yards were installed only a few years after completion of the watch house, in 1911.19 However a second roofing structure of steel frame and fibre glass sheeting was constructed above this much more recently.

An additional room known as the View Room for the line-up was created c.1960 west of the south side exercise yard, with a doorway through to the laneway beside the former court. Two additional women's cells were constructed at the west end of the Women's exercise yard in 1959.

19 PWD Contract Drawing no . 12.21, dated 29.12, 1911.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 11 3.0 Significance

3.1 Assessment of Significance

The following is the Historic Buildings Council's assessment-":

"As a small gaol in an urban location, the City Watch House has no clear comparison amongst Melbourne's building stock, (aside from the recently constructed Remand Centre in Spencer Street), and no similar institutions are known of in regional centres. Prisons such as Pentridge, Beechworth, Geelong and Castlemaine Gaols are larger, more complex sets of buildings which look different (although there are shared stylistic themes between these buildings evocative of medieval and similar sombre and solid architecture) and have different locations to the City Watch House.

Short term holding facilities are generally associated with small country court houses, and they often form a precinct with local police station, police quarters and stables. Given the importance of the Magistrates Court as the City's central court and place for the first level of proceedings, the City Watch House has the scale to match the importance of the court next door. The close relationship between the two facilities is demonstrated by their adjacent location and by the direct access provided from one building to the next via side entries and the shared laneway."

3.2 Statements of Significance

The City Watch House, was constructed in 1907-08 to the design of GBH Austin of the Public Works Department on the site of a former cell block of the Old Melbourne Gaol. It comprises two main sections, a two storey rendered front part with the cell block and exercise yards at the rear occupying the major part of the site. The front section is two rooms deep, and originally contained offices on the ground floor with residential accommodation on the upper level; this section is now completely used for administration purposes and retains part of its internal arrangement despite being substantially altered. The cell block and exercise yard have also suffered many small alterations but display reasonable integrity retaining internal layout, external form and some distinctive original elements such as the bow truss steel grille roofs over the exercise yards.

• The City Watch House is of historic significance being located on a site long associated with prisons and the administration of justice in Victoria. The site is part of a precinct which includes the Old Melbourne Gaol, the

20 HBC File

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 12 Magistrates Court, and the former Russell Street Police complex. The building and its location demonstrate the inter-relationship of the various elements of the criminal justice system. • The City Watch House is an important example of the work of GBH Austin of the Public Works Department • The City Watch House is of architectural importance as an unusual example of a small prison in an highly urban location. The Watch House has been designed to accord with contemporaneous building types in the central city, the design contrasts with other prisons such as those at Beechworth, Kilmore and Castlemaine which are sited apart from the main areas of social and commercial activity and are conceived of as distinct entities. • The adoption of this specific style is itself highly significant, while the use of Romanesque styles in general was advocated for court houses and gaols because of their potentially "grim and forbidding" aspect. The revival of the pure Norman style of Romanesque, in contrast to the revived Romanesque of mi xed parentage and freer form popularised in the late nineteenth century by the American architect HH Richardson, would by association have been seen as underlying the ancient heritage of English law.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 13 4.0 Conservation Policy

The 1989 Masterplan for the provision of Law Courts in Victoria established a need for a Central City Magistrates' Court complex housing 25 courts. Subsequently a new complex was constructed on the corner of Lonsdale and William Streets, opposite the Supreme and County Courts, in what has become known as the Law Courts Precinct.

The adjacent Watch House and Police Garage, together with the Police Headquarters building opposite were made redundant when the Police moved to more space at the World Trade Centre in 1995.

The Conservation Policy addresses the need for an urgent maintenance program with the aim of providing a place which may be used as a Museum to be managed by the National Trust, or other appropriate function.

Recommendations for future works to the Former City Watch House depend on decisions as to the interpretation of the building. If it is decided to exhibit the building as at time of closure, then the works will include general maintenance works to the exterior and interior as well as the removal of intrusive elements as noted in the section below. However such an interpretation policy needs to be reconciled with the principles for dealing with areas of primary significance as set out in 4.3 (ii).

4.1 Significant Areas and Elements

The areas/elements of primary significance in the former City Watch House are the exterior fabric of the building and the interior fabric of the original structure. This includes the cell block and exercise yards, entry foyer, cross corridor and ground floor front rooms of the administration building, excluding the north-south partition in the former general office and the partitions in the former infants room.

The rooms and offices of the upper level are of secondary significance in that they still demonstrate to some extent the original residential use.

The toilet areas and entrance foyer screens are of lesser significance in that they have been substantially altered.

The following headings list the various levels of contribution that each of the internal and external components of the City Watch House make as a whole.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 14 The distribution of the various areas of significance are shown on the Plan see Figure 8.

Primary Significance Items and structures of exceptional heritage value, to be retained and conserved. Conservation action to include: maintenance, preservation, restoration and reconstruction.

Secondary Significance Items and structures of considerable heritage value, to be retained and conserved. Conservation action as appropriate: Maintenance, preservation, restoration, reconstruction and adaptation.

Contributory Significance Items and structures of some heritage value, should generally be retained and conserved. When an action may recover the overall heritage significance of the site a major adaptation or removal may be considered.

Neutral Items and structures of slight heritage value which may be retained or removed.

Intrusive Items or structures which impair the heritage value of the site and should be removed or converted to a less intrusive form.

4.2 Building Use

Occupants appropriate to a future use should be able to retain the integrity of functional grouping. In the case of the City Watch House, this applies to the relationship of offices on the ground level to residential accommodation on the upper level in the main building, and the circulation routes in relation to the cell block behind.

Any building use considered should take into account the integrity of the existing fabric.

The following criteria should be considered in the selection and mix of future uses for the buildings:

(i) The use of the former City Watch House cells should not trivialise their history of housing some of the most wanted criminals in the State, as

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 15 well as being a place of considerable misery for the occupants.

(ii) The proposed use must be sufficiently viable as to justify the required maintenance into the future

(iii) The proposed use should have minimal impact on the structure and fabric of the buildings

(iv) The proposed use should address the buildings' location, in relation to the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology and the State Library, and their visual function of marking the corner of LaTrobe and Russell Streets and defining the streetscape up to the Victoria Street corner. Since the police sites have been vacated, and the police removed to the World Trade Centre site in Flinders Street, the court/police complex is no longer part of a police precinct. It is now a visually prominent component of a public institutional and educational precinct.

(v) Within the Watch House, the proposed use should enable the relationship between the administration building and the cell block to be understood.

(vi) Whatever the proposed use of the building, the original fabric of the building should be displayed with minimal changes.

4.3 Fabric and Setting

The conservation policy in relation to fabric and setting is that buildings and land identified on the plans referred to in the gazetted registration of the sites as quoted in Section 1.2 above should be conserved and enhanced within the Australia ICOMOS guidelines.

This means that the care of fabric and setting should address the following principles:

(i) Implement a program to halt the deterioration of the fabric, preserve and restore original materials and features in accordance with the Australia ICOMOS Charter for the Conservation of Places of Cultural Significance. (The Burra Charter).

(ii) Retain, preserve and restore those areas identified as being of great or primary significance in their original configuration and appearance, including finishes and fittings. Reconstruct missing elements and finishes.

(iii) Retain and preserve original elements and finishes in those areas

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/9R 16 identified as being of substantial or secondary significance. Restore or reconstruct missing elements or finishes where appropriate to changed use.

(iv) Areas identified as being of lesser significance are available for adaptation, however extant original features should be retained and preserved.

(v) Retain furniture, fixed and moveable, which has been identified as being significant, within the buildings and preserve, restore or reconstruct as appropriate.

EXTERNAL FABRIC

Roofing Materials & Roof Plumbing Most of the roofs covering the City Watch House site are either corrugated galvanised steel (above the cells) , corrugated asbestos (above some of the rear "newer" office space) and slate roofing (above the Russell Street facing offices and tower) (refer to photos 1 and 2). The area of the roof above the exercise yards has been covered with corrugated fibreglass material. Most of the roofing and drainage material are either showing failure or rusting (in the case of metal finishes). Some of the open Exercise Yards have original iron roof frames and mesh (refer to Figure 7 for detailed drawing) which should be retained. The fibreglass roof above these areas should be removed to re-instate the open yard layout.

Recommendations Steel Roofing: Replace a 100'}{, of the corrugated steel roofing to the upper roof of the cell block and 50'}{, of the corrugated steel roofing above the lower roof of the cell block. Some of the galvanised steel roofing above the rear buildings will require very little maintenance work. The mesh and steel structure above the exercise yards will need to be protected against further deterioration.

Sla te Roofing: Works to the slate roof will need to be undertaken within the next two years. When this work is organised, all of the slate needs to be removed, some of the slate will be salvaged and cleaned the rest will need to be replaced with new or re-claimed slate. Sarking and new battens will need to be allowed for, and the slate re-nailed/nailed in place.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 17 Asbestos Roofing: All of the asbestos roofing needs to be removed appropriately, and replaced with corrugated galvanised steel. Treatment of the underside using sarking and battens will also need to be considered.

Roof Plumbing: Almost all of the roof plumbing will need to be replaced using ogee type galvanised steel gutters and round section galvanised steel downpipes. Painting of all roof plumbing will also need to be considered.

Brick & Rendered Walls The east and south facades of the City Watch House are painted rendered walls and they are currently showing surface failure along almost one third of their surface area. Other perimeter walls are either bluestone, along the north (adjoining the Police Garage) or brick down the west facade. They are all in reasonable condition requiring minimal re-pointing.

Recommendations Even though when render experiences failure (or drumminess), it will normally take some period of time to fully collapse, experience has shown that water will continue to penetrate and cause major problems not only to the surface render but also to the brick substrate. Recommendations are that works to remove the paint on the rendered surface, replace one third of the surface render and skim coat the remaining two thirds of the surface with a final paint coat to the whole surface, are undertaken within the next two years.

Chimney Flues Most of the terracotta flues are missing from the rendered chimneys. These should be re-instated and the opening surrounding these new fittings sealed off to ensure that no more water penetrates into the chimneys.

Painted timber windows and doors All external joinery is decaying. Most windows require urgent repairs and need to be re-painted. External doors also need to be repainted.

Recommendations Dismantle most windows and re-instate them allowing for some small percentage of replacement of timber. These works, including re-painting of all windows and grilles, doors and external joinery should be undertaken at the same time that the render repairs are organised.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 18 INTERNAL FABRIC

Ceilings Most of the ceilings on ground level, including ceilings to the cell areas are original and are in basic need of painting and general maintenance. However, the extent of this work will depend on the interpretation policy for the place. There are various types of ceiling finishes, including painted corrugated metal ceilings (refer to photo 9), lath and plaster ceilings in their original state and more modern plasterboard finishes. Ceilings on the first floor have been altered and future use will determine the extent of the works required to enable utilisation of these spaces.

Walls This building has undergone many internal alterations resulting in various wall finishes. The original surfaces, such as the bluestone boundary walls and brick walls to the cells are still in good condition, only requiring minor pointing and in case of the brickwork, painting. Wall paper has been ­ identified in the corridor room. Other rooms have displayed a distemper paint finish. In the analysis of the paint scrapes, various colours were identified including "off white" in the upstairs rooms and Searching Room, greens and browns in some of the corridors, ground floor office spaces and Entry.

All of the internal works will be dependent on the future use of these spaces. Spaces holding a higher degree of significance will require to be conserved in their current state (including graffiti in cells).

Floors Many of the yards and ground floor corridors still retain their original concrete floors. These should be retained in their current state. Internal coverings are not original (refer to the survey sheets). Finishes to these areas will need to complement the new use of the building, bearing in mind that any finish should be sympathetic to the building's heritage and previous use.

Joinery & Wrought Iron Gates Most of the joinery in this building, at least at ground level, is original and should be retained, including the counter in the searching room. Any non­ original joinery, such as new skirtings, architraves and the like, should be removed and new joinery should be instated to rna tch the original.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/9R 19 There are many wrought iron and steel gates (refer to photo 7) which should be retained in their existing condition. Rust and any other problems should be halted and their current appearance maintained.

Fireplaces & Heating Most of the existing fireplaces have either been blocked in, and modern heaters installed in their openings, or simply removed. Ideally these fixtures should be re-instated at least at ground level and a less intrusive heating system installed to allow a modern use of the building.

Sanitary Plumbing If this building is to be used partly as an museum and partly for office space, then all of the sanitary fixture located in the office area require upgrading. Some of the fixtures in the cells and surrounding significant areas should be retained to demonstrate recent accommodation standards (refer to photo 8) and an original corner seat with a hole and bucket underneath it should also be re-constructed.

Mechanical Services As discussed above the heating of rooms is through the use of small gas heaters installed in each room's fireplace. Air-conditioning units and pipes located in windows and walls should be removed and a more appropriate, less obtrusive, system installed to serve the newer use. Surface mounted service pipes (at ground level) should be retained and painted to match the wall colour in the background.

ElectricaL Communication and Lighting Electrical wiring, telephone cabling and later computer cabling are either surface mounted or chased into wall surfaces. The upgrading of lighting in the past has resulted in the use of unsympathetic fluorescent fittings in most rooms and cells. While an updated system may be still appropriate for office spaces at first level, more sympathetic fittings may be appropriate for cells, offices and corridors at ground level. .

4.4 Future Development

Future development revolves around finding appropriate uses for the existing spaces with minimal alteration to existing fabric. Most significant areas should be retained in their current condition and restored. All other less significant areas (secondary or less) should be altered to allow a modern use in a sympathetic manner, respecting the existing fabric.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 20 4.5 Interpretation

Interpretation of the building should address the history of development of the site and its devotion to law and order, policing and justice since the early days of Melbourne. The level of interpretation will depend on the use to which the various areas of the complex are put. The minimum requirement would be descriptive information as a permanent display board or plaque in the public entrance foyer. However the areas which are to be leased to the National Trust for tourist purposes will be the subject of a separate interpretation plan.

In view of the fact that the gaol was vacated in 1929, the court, watch house and garage in 1994, and RMIT use of the part of the gaol is ongoing, it is suggested that a particular cut-off date for interpretation for the whole site would not be appropriate. A cut of date off 1929 for instance, would mean that the greater part of the history of the court and watch house could not be told.

While it is recommended in the Room Survey for the Watch House Cell Block (Appendix A), that the stainless steel toilet bowls, cisterns and plumbing be removed in accordance with the principles for dealing with areas of primary significance as outlined in Section 4.3 (ii), it would be appropriate to leave at least one to demonstrate recent accommodation standards, while reconstructing the original corner seat with a hole in it and bucket underneath in one of the cells which still has an original corner seat, to demonstrate the original facility.

In general, the story of the complex is on-going, and the interpretation of the Former Watch House should reflect this.

4.6 Management

It is understood tha t maintenance and leasing of the building will be managed by RMIT as the building owners.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House USA 5/13/98 21 4.7 Heritage Permit Exemptions

It is recommended that the following permit exemptions apply:

• Works in accordance with this Conservation Plan. • Works within areas of contributory significance which do not entail structural alterations to original walls or removal of original finishes, and which do not affect the external appearance of the building or areas of primary significance.

These permit exemptions should be agreed with Heritage Victoria and confirmed in writing.

Conservation PICln Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 22 5.0 Conservation Action

5.1 Statutory Protection

No action is required in relation to the Heritage Act as the building and site are already included on the Heritage Register.

The precinct should be protected under the Melbourne City Planning Scheme as a Conservation Area.

5.2 Prioritised Schedule of Works and Estimates The estimates in this report do not include works recommended in Appendix A to this report such as removal of the stainless steel toilet pans in the watch house cells, or the cisterns in the cell block passage. These are works aimed at returning the watch house cell block to a condition closer to its original, in accordance with the general Conservation Policy for the fabric identified as being of primary significance. However the extent to which they may be implemented needs to be considered in the light of the Interpretation part of the Conservation Policy (see Section 4.5). Following are recommended external works.

5.2.1 Roof and Drainage Works - Maintenance/Restoration Plan No work is required to ROOF 3. The roof works have been subdivided into immediate (0-2 years) and short term (2-5 years) - refer to Figure 10 for area references:

Immediate (0-2 years) Approximate Costs

ROOF 1 (Upper Roof in Cell Block) - replace 100'}';. of corrugated steel roofing $ 3,990.00 - replace steel flues and cappings $ 4,000.00 - replace all eaves gutters $ 3,600.00 - replace downpipes $ 1,200.00 - re-paint metal grilles and timber windows $ 1,680.00 - replace all ridge cappings $ 2,000.00 - paint all external service pipes $ 1,200.00

ROOF 2 (Lower Roof in Cell Block) - replace part of corrugated steel roofing $12,600.00 - replace eaves gutters $ 9,600.00 - replace downpipes $ 2,500.00

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 23 ROOF 7 - replace corrugated asbestos roofing with corrugated steel roofing $3,250.00 - replace lead flashings $1,200.00 - replace eaves gutters $ 600.00 - re-paint windows and grilles $ 500.00

ROOF 8 - replace corrugated asbestos roofing $6,500.00 - replace ridge cappings $ 800.00 - replace ridge and valley gutters $1,440.00 - replace eaves gutters $1,800.00 - replace downpipes $ 750.00 - re-point brickwork $ 200.00 - repair crack in brickwork $ 150.00

ROOF 9 - replace 70'X, of slate $14,600.00 - remove slates and battens, relay slates (re-used) and replace battens $3,100.00 - provide sarking $1,872.00 - replace lead flashing $ 300.00 - repair render parapet $ 350.00 - replace box gutter $ 450.00 - replace render to chimney $ 350.00 - re-instate terracotta flues to chimneys and seal with render $1,600.00

ROOF 10 - replace render to chimneys $ 350.00 - replace 70% of sla te $9,200.00 - remove slates and battens, relay slates (re-used) and replace battens $2,000.00 - provide sarking $1,170.00 - replace valley gutters $2,160.00 - repair render to parapet $ 700.00 - re-instate flues to chimneys and seal with render $1,600.00

ROOF 11 (Tower) - replace box gutters $ 720.00 - replace 100% of slate $9,800.00 - provide sarking $ 882.00 - repair upper decorative render $ 800.00 - repair lower render $ 700.00 - replace rear eaves gutter $ 300.00 - replace downpipes $ 300.00 - repair timber details and re-paint $1,050.00

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 24 ROOF 12 - replace 70l Xl of slate $15,800.00 - remove slates and battens, relay slates (re-used) and replace battens $ 3,400.00 - provide sarking $ 2,016.00 - replace lead flashing $ 240.00 - re-instate terracotta flues to chimneys and seal openings $ 800.00 - replace render to internal wall of parapet $ 3,500.00 - replace valley gutters $ 1,080.00

GENERAL Inspection of all stormwater drainage with video system $ 2,000.00

Preliminary Total $142,750.00

Short Term (2-5 years) Approximate Costs

ROOF 4 - re-point brick parapet $ 300.00 - remove corrugated fibreglass roofing and timber/steel fixings $2,900.00 - replace lead gutters and flashings

ROOF 5 (not clearly visible) Assume the same work as per Roof 4 $3,200.00

ROOF 6 (partly visible) - replace two cowls $ 800.00 - replace lead flashing $ 600.00

Preliminary Total $7,800.00

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 25 5.2.2 Render repairs and painting - Maintenance/Restoration Plan External walls' works have been subdivided into immediate (0-2 years) only:

Immediate (0-2 years) Approximate Costs

- re-pointing of the whole length of the plinth $ 1,530.00 - removal of paint from the whole facade $24,000.00 - lead capping along the whole length of the parapet $ 3,000.00 - replace 30'X) of surface area render, including upper cornice, $12,000.00 south return of the south section of the facade, copings of the upper balustrades and sills to openings $11,000.00 - skim coat 70'X, of the facade's render $ 6,750.00 - re-paint front timber/metal door $ 200.00 - repair windows (allow to dismantle an re-nail in place replacing decayed sills and other sections) $ 7,000.00 - re-paint repaired windows $ 3,000.00 - re-paint all grilles $ 420.00 - re-paint whole facade's render $10,400.00

Preliminary Total $79,300.00

NOTE: Scaffolding, Preliminaries and Contingencies should be added to the cost of roof and facade repair works. The following list shows allowances for these items:

SCAFFOLDING (total) $60,000.00 PRELIMINARIES (15%) $43,000.00 CONTINGENCIES (10%) $33,000.00

5.3 Financial and Technical Assistance

Financial

Victorian Government Buildings Restoration Program

The main source of financial assistance for historic government-owned buildings apart from the departmental works and services allocations is the Government Historic Buildings Restoration Fund, administered by Heritage Victoria. This program has so far provided $16,000,000 over the past three

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 26 years but may not continue. Government departments and agencies were previously invited every two years to apply for funds for specific restoration projects. The following criteria apply:

• The building must be included on the Victorian Heritage Register or National Estate Register, or be protected under a local planning scheme • The works must be deemed urgent or essential to the future well-being of the building • The building must have an ongoing government use or the proposed works would lead to a use • The proposal, if implemented, would improve the overall asset management performance of the government

National Estate Grant Program

The Australian Heritage Commission (AHC) runs an annual National Estate Grants Program of financial assistance. Application should be made directly to the AHC.

The Melbourne Heritage Restoration Fund

Loans and some grants are available by direct application to this fund which is run jointly by the Melbourne City Council and the Victorian State Government.

Technical

Technical assistance is available through both the public and private sector:

• Heritage Victoria, 22 Level, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne, Vic. 3000. Telephone: 96559759 Fax: 96559720

• Melbourne City Council Heritage Advisors Planning Department, City of Melbourne, 200 Little Collins Street, Melbourne Vic. 3000 Tel: 9658 9800

Consultants, including Heritage Assets Branch, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, Tel: 96556015. A list of consultants can be obtained through Heritage Victoria.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 27 List of Illustrations

Figure 1 Precinct Plan: Heritage Council Registered Buildings and Land

Figure 2 Composite Plan: 1902 Plan of Old Melbourne Gaol & 1908 Plan of Old City Court (former Supreme Court).

Figure 3 Precinct Plan: Former location of Ned Kelly's grave and gaol walls shown dotted

Figure 4 Original Drawings from the Plan Room, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne

Figure 5 Original Drawings from the Plan Room, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne

Figure 6 Original Drawings showing alterations from the Plan Room, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne

Figure 7 Iron Roof Framing Over Exercise Yards

Figure 8 Plan showing Levels of Significance

Figure 9 Existing Floor Plans - Room Numbered for Survey Sheets in Appendix A

Figure 10 Roof Area Reference

PHOTOS

Photo 1 General View of Roofs Photo 2 General View of Roofs Photos 3 & 4 Roof over Men's Exercise Yard Photo 5 Roof over Women's Exercise Yard Photo 6 Rendered Facade - General View Photo 7 Wrought Iron Gates Photo 8 Stainless Steel Toilet Pan - typical Photo 9 Corrugated Metal Ceilings at Ground Level Photo 10 Padded Cell - typical

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House USA 5/13/98 28 () "rl BOWEN STREET 0 .... ~ OQ (flro ~ :;J (l) P> l:l". J-' 0 ~ >-;j P> ~ I -~ I-t (l) 61 n.... ffiANC<"O~ I Bluestone Walls ::J BUILD:~~~ID ro9 n Gi lJ "1 rt' ~ () ...... ~ ~ ~ III E­ ::J Ul ~ " . :~ P> .. ri ~ ::r ~ I-t.... o"" . .' :::r:: e-r- ~ 0 ~ III E­ u: OQ (l) < ro ...J o:J n CJ) 0 ~ s::::: ::J ...... N n N ...... ~ <, ~ \0 (l) 00 OQ en.... (ti I-t (l) EMILY McPHERSON COLLEG E c, MAGISTRATES' COURT CITY WATCH HOUSE POUCE GARAGE OJ s::::: RUSSELL STREET ...... o,.... ::J OQ en III <. ::J c, ~ Heritage Council Registered Building ~ III :; ... ::J . , ',. p.. []'...:'. Heritage Council Registered Land tv \0

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Figure 2 Composite Plan : 1902 Plan of Old Melbourne Gaol & 1908 Plan of Old City Court (former Supreme Court)

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/27/98 30 Q ...... "':rj OQ g BOWEN STREET ro E1 ~ ro 0". UJ ~'0~N~~ o rNW"""C'::---·--·----_· ::l 'I:J Ul "'0 § ::r' >-t o ro 61 ~ ...... o::s. ::s n ~ OQ M- () 1-1-> "'0 t;l o ~ ~ ~ >-t Pl P:: S ::s !­ ro Ul ~ >-t ::c: .:~ ::r' ~ro no ...... >-t. ~ ::r: Pl M­ a:l " .-:': ". s .-;.Pl...... OQ o UJ P:: ro o ro !­ OJ ::I n < CJJ o 0 ....J > 1-1->~ N Z::I <, ro n N o..:=.: "'l <, I'\~ \0 ro ro 00 :=:OQ 0.....::: t;;. 'M- Ul ro OQ >-t >-t ro Pl 0.. <: t:d ro ~ MAGISTRATES' COURT CITY WATCH HOUSE POlJCE GARAGE Pl :=.: ::10.. RUSSELL STREET 0...... ::I OQOQ Pl Ul Pl o~::I ~ 0.. ~LI ~ Heritage Council Registered Building ~Pl Ul ::I 0.. lJ,) o I--' u Heritage Council Registered Land

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Figure 4 Original Drawings from the Plan Room, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/27/98 32 ,__---~-----'''-- ". I ... J l..9CJ<- u P. M E L B OU R NE . ~ ' ..

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Figure 5 Original Drawings from the Plan Room, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne

Conservation Plan Fonner City Watch House BSA 2/27/98 33 -z o >= ~ UJ .J W ' ,c ' u 'to , Ill \ ...1 ' tt. i ] : ~ o w

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Figure 6 Original Drawings from the Plan Room, Building Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/27/98 34 ~ ";.~ ~ ,,:;. . , ~ . , •" ::'!\,. ! .'! " ' :. .': ,,' . • t··.,..•·.; 0" ' 6

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Figure 8 Plan showing Levels of Significance

Conservation Plan Fonner City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 36 I ,

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Figure 9 Existing Floor Plans - Room Numbered for Survey Sheets In Appendix A

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/27/98 37 3

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Figure 10 Roof Area Reference

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 38 Photo 1 General View of Roofs

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 39 Photo 2 General View of Roofs

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 40 Photos 3 Roof over Men's Exercise Yard

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 41 Photos 4 Roof over Men's Exercise Yard

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 42 Photo 5 Roof over Women's Exercise Yard

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 43 Photo 6 Rendered Facade - General View

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 44 Photo 7 Wrought Iron Gates

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 45 .. ·\./

I , 1/- I 1 ' ,. f- ' .' .' 5!...j . ' -;-7 ( I.

Photo 8 Stainless Steel Toilet Pan - typical

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 46 I I

,..... r

Photo 9 Corrugated Metal Ceilings at Ground Level

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 47 Photo 10 Padded Cell - typical

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 2/28/98 48 Sources and Bibliography

Archives and Manuscripts W. J. Cuthill and G. L. Webster. 'The Magistrates' Court, Melbourne. MS 9472. (Australian Manuscripts Collection, State Library of Victoria) Deals with the early history of the court to 1843.

Victoria Public Works Department. Architectural Drawings Collection. (Public Record Office, Victoria and microfilm copies in the Plan RoomBuilding Services Agency, Department of Infrastructure, Level 11, 80 Collins Street, Melbourne)

Victoria Public Works Department. Summary Contract Books, 1856-1935, VPRS 972/2143. (Public Record Office, Victoria)

Government Publications Victoria Government Gazette. 1910-1936.

Books and Pamphlets Chapman, Ivan. Private Eddie Leonski The Brownout Strangler. Marrickville, NSW. Hale & Iremonger, 1982.

Finn, Edmund (Garryowen).The Chronicles of Early Melbourne, from 1835 to 1852. Melbourne, Fergusson & Mitchell, 1888.

Guilty Your Worship: A Study of Victoria's Magistrates' Courts. Bundoora, Vic., Legal Studies Department, LaTrobe University, 1980.

Haldane, Robert. The People's Force. A History of the Victoria Police. Melbourne, MUP. 1986

Kerr, J S, Out of Sight, Out of Mind. Australia's Places of Confinement, 1788­ 1988. National Trust, NSW. 1988.

Lynn, P & Armstrong, G. From Pentonoille to Peniridge, A Histori] of Prisons in Victoria. State Library of Victoria. Melbourne, 1996.

Murray Smith, Stephen and A. J. Dare.The Tech: A Centenary HistonJ of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technologu, South Yarra, Vic., Hyland House, 1987.

Newnham, W.H. Melbourne: Biography of a City. Melbourne, Cheshire, 1956.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/9R 49 Tibbits, G. & Roennfeldt, A. Port Phillip Colonial 1801-1851 . Melbourne. 1989

Webster, G. L. The Magistrates' Court, Melbourne: An Historical Outline. Melbourne ~ City Court [1972?]

Articles 'A Stuffy Court: Clearing the Atmosphere: Guild Hall Offered'. Argus, 18 March 1910, p .6

[Account of the Laying of Foundation Stone of City Court]Age, 21 July 1911

'City Court Renovation', Argus, 28 November 1925, p. 37

'City Court Returns'. Argus, 16 January 1926, p. 41 'Claims for Debt'. Argus, 19 January 1934, p.4

'Denied It Was Thieving: Stole 775 Bottles of Soft Drink' Argus, 17 January 1923, p. 5

Hulme, L.E. 'The Old City Court: An Early Landmark'. Argus, 29 April 1933, p.6

'Justices of the Peace:Appointment of Women'. Argus, 15 February 1927, p. 10

'Links with the Past: Melbourne's First Law Courts, Soon to Disappear'. Weekly Timcs., 21 August 1909

'New City Court'. Argus. 3 May 1910, p . 4

'New City Court: Memorial Stone Laid'. Argus. 21 July 1911.

'New City Police Courts: A Handsome Building'. Weekly Times 5 July 1913. pp. 30,34

'Observer". 'City Court Impressions'. Leader, 25 April 1903, p.33

'Old City Court To Be Closed At Once'. Argus, 19 March 1910, p.21.

'Opening Ceremony: Interesting Speeches'. Argus, 21 January 1914'

'Ploughing in the City: Preparing for the Foundations of the new City Court, Russell Street: The Gaol Wall Forms the Background. 'Weekly Tim es. 17 September 1910, p. 28

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 50 'Police Magistrates: Fourth Court for City'. Argus, 28 December 1934, p. 8

'The Old Supreme Court'. Australasian, 5 October 1907, pp. 863-4

'Women Justices:Mrs Rees Welcomed at City Court', Argus, 28 February 1927, p.9

'Work of District Court: 534 Cases a Week', Argus, 18 January 1923, p. 12

Building, 12 June 1911

Regan, Des. 'Inauspicious Beginnings: Melbourne's Supreme Court Buildings'. Summons, 77, 1977, pp. 74-81

Weber, Thomas A. 'The Origins of the Victorian Magistracy'. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 13, 1980, pp.25-38.

'Where our Criminals are Confined' , Weekly Times, 11 February, 1903

Wilmoth, Peter. 'A City Court in the Act' Age, 25 August 1981, p.17, 19

Windeyer, V. 'A Birthright and Inheritance'. Tasmanian University Law Review, 1 November 1962, pp. 635?

Theses and Reports Chiunh, Wui-Hin and Sui-Fung Cheung. 'The City Court of Melbourne at Corner of LaTrobe and Russell Sts.' Research Report of the History of Australian Architecture, University of Melbourne, 1969.

O'Neill, Frances. 'The Visible State:A Study of Government Buildings in Victoria to 1900'. M.A.Thesis, Department of History, Monash University, 1993.

Willingham, Alan. 'Old Melbourne Gaol: Conservation Analysis'. Report prepared for the National Trust, Victoria. Melbourne, FN 116 1985.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 51 APPENDICES Page No .

Appendix 52

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/9R 52 APPENDICES Page No

Appendix A

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House USA 5/13/98 53 APPENDIX A ROOM SURVEY SHEETS

Note: Refer to Figure9 in section 6.0 for existing plan layouts and room references.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 54 AREA TYPE Room Gl

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Vestibule

CURRENT FUNCTION Vestibule

PARTICULARS Original timber joinery, metal lined timber door, basalt stone wall, wrought iron grilles/bars, and timber paneled ceiling. Inner timber glazed screen and doors not original and not in intended position under the arch.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove inner screen and doors and/or reconstruct inner door in original archedopening.Re-instate all original finishes.including damaged/missing glazing. .

AREA TYPE Room G2

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Vestibule

CURRENT FUNCTION Vestibule

PARTICULARS Original timber joinery and timber paneled ceiling. Outer screen altered (see inner screen above). Inner door partitioned off.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove partitions, carpet, glazed screen and doors. Remove/conceal wiring.Re­ instate generally finishes and fixtures.

AREA TYPE Room G3, G4&G6

ORIGINAL FUNCTION General Office

CURRENT FUNCTION Office Space, Communication point for Prisoners

PARTICULARS Original fireplace mantlepiece and cupboard, timber picture rail and joinery.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 55 CONDITION Substantially Altered.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove all partitions, carpet and re-instate original finishes. Re-instate fireplace and light fittings. Remove/conceal all surface mounted wiring and services. Re-instate old counter.

AREA TYPE Room GS

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Searching Room

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original painted joinery and counter (re­ located from general office?).

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove all fluorescent light fittings, air­ conditioning unit in window, surface mounted wiring and services as well as the additional bulkhead. Re-instate original surfaces and finishes.

AREA TYPE Room G7

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Side Entry

CURRENT FUNCTION Storage

PARTICULARS Original corrugated ceiling, lining to underside of stairs and concrete walls.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Repair all concrete cracks and re-instate opening. Remove all additional works and re-instate all original finishes and fixtures.

AREA TYPE Room G8

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Passage

CURRENT FUNCTION Passage

PARTICULARS Original painted corrugated iron ceiling, wrought iron bars, timber joinery, concrete floor, wrought iron gates and mesh in-fill.

CONDITION Modified.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 56 RECOMMENDATIONS Remove all surface mounted wiring, new door to toilets and sink. Re-instate original finishes.

AREA TYPE Room G9

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Men's Lavatory

CURRENT FUNCTION Ladies Toilet

PARTICULARS

CONDITION Substantially modernised.

RECOMMENDATIONS Retain original windows. Re-instate sympathetic colours.

AREA TYPE Room GIO & GIS

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Side Entrance

CURRENT FUNCTION Side Entrance

PARTICULARS Original timber door, painted corrugated iron ceiling, metal bars to toilet and yard windows and unpainted concrete floor.

CONDITION Substantially Intact.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove or conceal all surface mounted wiring and service pipes (including externally fitted toilet cisterns). Replace fluorescent light fittings with appropriate fittings.

AREA TYPE Room Gll

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Open Men's Exercise Yard

CURRENT FUNCTION Covered Men's Exercise Yard

PARTICULARS Original iron roof frame and mesh, unpainted concrete floors and wrought iron fences/gates.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove fibreglass roof cover and iron frames and re-instate the open yard layout.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 57 Remove the new seating and re-instate sympathetic seating or none at all. Remove modern urinal and open up original shower/ toilet area (unable to inspect on the day). Re-direct rainwater drainage and remove uneccesary downpipes and exposed service pipes (if removal of these will not be possible, conceal by painting to match adjoining surfaces).

AREA TYPE Room GIlA

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Open Men's Exercise Yard

CURRENT FUNCTION Exercise Yard (adjacent to view room)

PARTICULARS Original iron roof frame and mesh, unpainted concrete floors and wrought iron fences/gates.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove fibreglass roof cover and iron frames and re-instate the open yard layout. Re-direct rainwater drainage and remove uneccesary downpipes and exposed service pipes (if removal of these will not be possible, conceal/paint to match existing adjoining surfaces). Consider removing additional wrought iron fence.

AREA TYPE Room GI2

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Corridor

CURRENT FUNCTION Corridor

PARTICULARS Original corrugated ceiling, concrete floor, wrought iron gates and timber joinery.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove/conceal service pipes where possible.

AREA TYPE Room GI3

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Storage

CURRENT FUNCTION Lawyer's/Communication Room

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 58 PARTICULARS Wrought iron bars in non- original openings and painted metal ceilings.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove all additional works and re- instate original layout, finishes and fixtures. Remove additional partition, timber raised floor and new steel mesh on the openings.

AREA TYPE Room G14

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Passage

CURRENT FUNCTION Passage

PARTICULARS Original unpainted concrete floors, painted metal painted ceilings and brick walls. Wrought iron/mesh and metal lined timber doors. .

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. Remove only later additions such as the water cisterns and service pipes.

AREA TYPE Room G16

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Storage/Cleaner's Room

PARTICULA RS Original painted timber floors, skirtings, metal ceilings, painted brick walls and metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove exposed services. Remove temporary timber fixed to ceiling and repair. Remove fan and fan cover. Clean all surfaces.

AREA TYPE Room G17

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 59 CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted timber floors, painted brick walls, metal ceilings and timber skirting. Original metal lined timber door. As Cell no. 6 this was the one occupied by Eddie Leonski, the Brownout Strangler in 1942. See main text, Section 2.6)

CONDITION Substantially Intact.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean surfaces only (do not paint) only repair mortar joints. Remove stainless steel toilet and service pipes.

AREA TYPE Room GIS

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell (locked)

PARTICULARS Original painted timber floors, brick walls, metal ceilings, metal lined timber door and timber seats.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove stainless steel toilet pan and service pipes. Remove non-original seats. Clean surfaces only, (do not re-paint).

AREA TYPE Room G20

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted metal ceilings, brick walls, metal lined timber door and metal mesh window covers.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS This cell was apparently modified recently for use as a film set. It could be left and interpreted as such and maybe used again in this way. Alternatively: Remove new particleboard flooring and re­ instate original timber flooring. Remove existing paint finish and finish to match other cells. Remove stainless steel toilet and

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 60 service pipes. Remove door leading to open yard, block opening and repair to match existing.

AREA TYPE Rooms G21, G22 & G23

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Viewing Room

CURRENT FUNCTION Viewing Room

PARTICULARS

CONDITION Late Additions.

RECOMMENDATIONS Interprete or remove

AREA TYPE Room G24

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Padded Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Padded Cell

PARTICULA RS Original stable/dutch metal lined timber door (padded), painted timber floors, timber skirtings and metal ceilings.

CONDITION Substantially Intact.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces without removing past evidence. Some padding has been replaced over the years; investigate which part is original and replicate or leave and replace only the fixing bolts with appropriate material.

AREA TYPE Room G25

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted timber seat, painted timber skirtings, brick walls and metal ceiling. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Modified.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 61 RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. As other cells have original timber floors, consider retaining this cell's concrete floor and remove only later additions such as the stainless steel toilet pan and the timber seats on steel supports.

AREA TYPE Room G26

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell (locked)

PARTICULARS Unable to assess thoroughly, but would appear to be similar to G25. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. As other cells have original timber floors, consider retaining this cell's concrete floor and remove only later additions such as the stainless steel toilet pan and the timber seats on steel supports.

AREA TYPE Room G27

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Men's Lavatory

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Some original painted timber floor boards, timber skirtings and metal ceilings.

CONDITION Substantially Altered.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove stainless steel toilet pan and re-instate timber flooring where concrete has been used. Re-instate original arched opening and lavatory layout.

AREA TYPE Room G28

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 62 PARTICULARS Original painted timber seating, skirtings, brick walls and metal ceiling. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. As other cells have original timber floors, consider retaining this cell's concrete floor and remove only later additions such as the stainless steel toilet pan and the timber seats on steel supports.

AREA TYPE Room G29

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell (locked)

PARTICULARS Unable to assess thoroughly, but would appear to be similar to G25. This cell appears to have original timber floors. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. Remove only later additions such as the stainless steel toilet pan, the timber seatings on steel supports and the new window mesh. Re-instate original finishes.

AREA TYPE Room G30

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted timber seating, painted timber skirtings, painted timber flooring, painted brick walls and metal ceiling. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Substantially Intact.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. Remove only later additions such as the stainless steel toilet pan and services, and the timber seats on steel supports.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 63 AREA TYPE Room G31

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Passage

CURRENT FUNCTION Passage

PARTICULARS Original brick walls and wire mesh doors and unpainted concrete finish.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove new ceilings and re-instate original surfaces. Remove/re-locate fire hydrant cabinet or provide a cupboard finish less intrusive to the area.

AREA TYPE Room G32

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Open Women's Exercise Yard

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULA RS

CONDITION Altered. (Cell added 1959)

RECOMMENDATrONS Remove this additional cell and re-instate original finishes and layout of the women's exercise yard.

AREA TYPE Room G33

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Women's Exercise Yard

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS

CONDITION Altered. (Cell added 1959)

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove and re-instate original finishes and layout of the women's exercise yard.

AREA TYPE Room G34

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Open Women's Exercise Yard

Conservation Plan Fonner City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 64 CURRENT FUNCTION Covered Women's Exercise Yard

PARTICULARS Original unpainted concrete floors and unpainted brick and bluestone wall.

CONDITION Substantially Altered.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove timber seats. Remove two cells A32 and A33. Re-direct downpipes and conceal!remove surface mounted service pipes. Re-locate water heating system or lock cupboard and paint with colours similar to adjoining surfaces. Re-instate original window mesh. Investigate the funtional purpose of the sloping concrete surface along the north bluestone wall and consider removal.

AREA TYPE Room G35 & G42

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Shower and Toilet

CURRENT FUNCTION Shower and Toilet

PARTICULA RS Original painted corrugated roofing, concrete flooring and walls.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove all modern fittings, re-instate original fittings.

AREA TYPE Room G36

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Padded Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted timber skirtings, metal ceilings and brick walls. Original metal lined timber floor.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces without removing past evidence. Remove stainless steel toilet pan and services.Remove seat on steel supports, and stainless steel drain outlet cover and replace with appropriate materials.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 65 AREA TYPE Room G37

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted brick walls and metal ceiling. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces. As there is already evidence of timber floors in other more intact cells, retain the new concrete floor and remove only later additions such as the stainless steel toilet pan.

AREA TYPE Room . G38

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULARS Original painted timber skirtings, timber flooring, metal ceilings and brick walls. Original metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Substantially Intact.

RECOMMENDATIONS Clean all surfaces.

AREA TYPE Room G39

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Women's Lavatory

CURRENT FUNCTION Women's Lavatory

PARTICULARS Original metal ceiling and concrete floors.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate fittings and finishes.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 66 AREA TYPE Room G40

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Cell

CURRENT FUNCTION Cell

PARTICULA RS Original painted timber floors, metal ceilings, metal mesh on upper opening, seating, architraves and metal lined timber door.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove/conceal unnecessary wiring and SS toilet pan.

AREA TYPE Room G41

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Passage

CURRENT FUNCTION Passage

PARTICULARS Original steel mesh door, timber joinery, corrugated and plasterboard ceiling.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate original finishes, conceal wiring/services and remove SS sink.

AREA TYPE Room G43, G44 & G45

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Infant's Room

CURRENT FUNCTION Three separate Offices/Interview Rooms

PARTICULARS Original corrugated iron ceiling, joinery and painted hard plaster.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate fireplace and missing joinery, remove partitions, and conceal wiring and services.

AREA TYPE Room G46

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Matron's Office

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 67 CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery and frosted glazing (upper section only), fireplace mantlepiece and ceiling.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDAnONS Re-instate original finishes, fireplace, and remove air-conditioning unit from window.

AREA TYPE Room G47

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Stair

CURRENT FUNCTION Storage Room

PARTICULARS Original window joinery and frosted glazing (upper section only)

CONDITION Completely Altered.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate stairs to match stairs at the south end. Re-instate all original surfaces. Conceal surface mounted wiring and services.

AREA TYPE Room G48

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Waiting Room

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery and fireplace mantlepiece.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDAnONS Conceal/remove services and wiring and re­ instate finishes - including light fixtures and floor finishes.

AREA TYPE Room FIOI &FI02

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Stairs

CURRENT FUNCTION Stairs

PARTICULARS Original joinery (windows and balustrade) and ceiling,.

CONDITION Substantially intact.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/9R 68 RECOMMENDATIONS Replace stair tread cover with a sympathetic finish, remove or conceal surface mounted wiring, remove plaster wall covering window.

AREA TYPE Room FI03 &FI04

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Roof Area

CURRENT FUNCTION Office & Toilets

PARTICULARS Original windows along original external wall.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS

AREA TYPE Room FIOS

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Bedroom & Parlour

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery, including architraves, windows and doors. Original fireplace mantlepiece.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Fluorescent lights should be replaced with more sympathetic fittings. Re-instate a more sympathetic colour scheme and carpet design. Remove the air-conditioning unit and pipes (protruding through the window).

AREA TYPE Room FI06

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Two Separate Corridors

CURRENT FUNCTION One Main Corridor

PARTICULARS Some original joinery (skirtings and architraves), some original window openings.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

Conservation Plan Fonner City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 69 RECOMMENDATIONS Conceal all surface mounted wiring and service pipes where possible. Re-instate original finishes and layout.

AREA TYPE Room FI07

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Roof Area

CURRENT FUNCTION Toilets and showers

PARTICULARS

CONDITION Completely altered.

RECOMMENDATIONS

AREA TYPE Room FIOS

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Roof Area

CURRENT FUNCTION Storage Rooms

PARTICULARS

CONDITION Completely Altered.

RECOMMENDATIONS

AREA TYPE Room FI09

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Kitchen

CURRENT FUNCTION Kitchen

PARTICULARS Original joinery, ceiling and ceiling cornices.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate a sympathetic colour scheme and linoleum design. Re-instate door and replace all hardware with sympathetic fittings.

AREA TYPE Room FlIO

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Bathroom

CURRENT FUNCTION Store Room

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 70 PARTICULARS Original joinery and ceilings.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate a sympathetic colour scheme and carpet design. Re-instate door. Replace all hardware with sympathetic fittings.

AREA TYPE Room FIll

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Bedroom

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery and ceilings.

CONDITION Substantially Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Remove partition and re-instate original wall. Re-instate the fireplace and all finishes including a sympathetic colour scheme and carpet design.

AREA TYPE Room F1l2

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Parlour

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery (including architraves, windows and doors), and ceilings.

CONDITION Substantially Modified. Re-instate a sympathetic colour scheme and carpet design. Remove the air-conditioning unit and surface mounted pipes. Re-instate doors, carpet and open up fireplace and remove all fluorescent light fittings..

AREA TYPE Room F1l3

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Stair

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original skirtings, ceiling and joinery.

CONDITION Substantially Altered.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 71 RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate stairs and original finishes.

AREA TYPE Room F114

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Bathroom

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original skirtings, ceiling and joinery.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate original finishes and fittings. Remove / conceal surface mounted wiring.

AREA TYPE Room F115

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Bedroom

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery, original ceiling, ceiling cornices and picture rail.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate a sympathetic colour scheme and carpet design. Re-instate missing door. Remove air-conditioning unit, surface mounted wiring and service pipes. Re-instate fireplace and replace fluorescent light fittings with sympathetic fittings.

AREA TYPE Room F116

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Pantry

CURRENT FUNCTION Locked - unable to inspect.

PARTICULARS Original door.

CONDITION

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate door hardware and an appropriate colour scheme.

AREA TYPE Room F117

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Kitchen

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 72 CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original joinery and fireplace mantlepiece.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate finishes and fittings. Re-instate fireplace. Remove all new grilles to windows and replace new hardware with sympathetic fittings. Re-instate missing joinery.

AREA TYPE Room FllS

ORIGINAL FUNCTION Matron's Flat

CURRENT FUNCTION Office

PARTICULARS Original wall vents and window joinery.

CONDITION Modified.

RECOMMENDATIONS Re-instate sympathetic finishes.

Conservation Plan Former City Watch House BSA 5/13/98 73