DOCSLIB.ORG

Places of Renown Famous and Infamous Places of the Bible What City Am I?

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Places of Renown Famous and Infamous Places of the Bible What City Am I? Places of Renown Famous and Infamous places of the Bible What city am I? Geographical ◦ I am five miles NE of the Saronic Gulf between two streams, Caphessus and Ilissus. ◦ two seaports, the Peraeus and Phaleric Gulfs Historical ◦ Not the political capitol of my country ◦ Cultural capital of the whole ancient world Biblical ◦ The Apostle Paul spoke here ◦ I am biblically famous for the site of Mars Hill I am Athens I Am Mark Paul in Athens – Acts Ch 17 Speaks in the market place (the Agora) Speaks in the Synagogue with the Jews Speaks to the philosophers on Mars Hill The Agora Stoa - Stoa Poikile (Painted Porch) The Acropolis Originally this was the city then the home of the King Then the cultural-worship centre Sites of interest ◦ The Parthenon ◦ The Areopagus (Mars Hill) The Parthenon Temple of the goddess Athena - patron god of Athens Won a competition against Poseidon Built in proportions of 9 to 4 Columns are tapered and convex Offsets the natural effects of perspective Makes the building look well proportioned Areopagus or Mars Hill Areopagus or Mars Hill Areios Pagos (Ancient Greek: Ἄρειος Πάγος) "Rock of Ares functioned as the high Court of Appeal for criminal and civil cases Ares was supposed to have been tried here by the gods for the murder of Poseidon's son Alirrothios The Areopagus was used for • Court – open air • Philosophical discussions 2 schools of philosophy mentioned The Epicurean school was founded by Epicurus (341-270 B.C.). The Stoic philosophers claimed Zeno (340- 265 B.C.) as their founder. ◦ Their name was derived from the Stoa Poikile (Painted Porch), where he taught.” There were four famous historic schools The other two were ◦ Academy of Plato ◦ Lyceum of Aristotle What Paul is up against They do not believe in the true God Introducing a new god is not legal He can’t quote scripture they don’t know He is facing the most notable academics of his day Their idolatry directly conflicts with his belief Paul’s Sermon informed of their ignorance and sin. told of a Savior whose name they had never heard. told of a coming day of judgment a Judge who had been raised from the dead called then to make the kind of commitment to truth Altar to the unknown god 6th C BC Athens ravaged by plague ◦ Must have upset a god ◦ They had hundreds of gods and ◦ didn’t know which one to appease Contracted Epimenides from Island of Cyprus ◦ He said it must be an unknown god ◦ Altar erected to the unknown god ◦ It survived until the time of Paul ◦ Much longer story available on request Paul shares his faith in their context Paul is speaking to heathens, philosophers ◦ Not Jews who will weight what he says against the scripture ◦ Not believing gentiles who are searching for the truth It is an exceptional example of how we can approach people in today’s world ◦ Find common ground ◦ Build on what people know ◦ Be respectful but do not compromise our faith .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Geometric Cemetery on the Areopagus: 1897, 1932, 1947*
    A GEOMETRIC CEMETERY ON THE AREOPAGUS: 1897, 1932, 1947* with Appendices on the Geometric Graves found in the Dorpfeld Excavations on the Acropolis West Slope in 1895 and on Hadrian Street ("Phinopoulos' Lot") in 1898 (PLATES 65-80) I. Introduction and the Problem a. The D6rpfeld Excavations p. 325 b. The Agora Excavations and the Search p. 327 c. Disiecta Membra p. 328 II. The Areopagus Cemetery a. General Remarks and Conclusions p. 329 b. Catalogue of Graves and Finds p. 334 Appendix A: Sources for the D6rpfeld Geometric Graves p. 365 Appendix B: The Two Geometric Graves on the Acropolis West Slope: 1895 p. 372 Appendix C: Two Geometric Graves in Phinopoulos' Lot at No. 3, Hadrian Street: 1898 p. 374 Appendix D: A Note on Poulsen's "Akropolisvasen" p. 385 Appendix E: List of Known Finds from the D6rpfeld Geometric Graves p. 387 Appendix F: The Submycenaean Child's Grave South of the Amyneion: 1892 p. 389 I. INTRODUCTION AND THE PROBLEM' A. THE DORPFELD EXCAVATIONS For seven seasons between 1892 and 1899 the German Archaeological Institute, under the general supervision of Wilhelm Dorpfeld, carried out regular excavations in * Professor Penuel P. Kahane died suddenly on February 13, 1974 in Basel. This paper is dedicated to his memory. 1 I am deeply grateful to Professor Homer A. Thompson and to the American School of Classical Studies for the opportunity to study the Agora material; to the German Archaeological Institute in Athens and to Professor Emil Kunze for permission to use the Daybook material; to Dr. Ulf Jantzen for permission to publish the vases in the Institute, and to reproduce the photographs from the Photoabteilung; and to Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Who Freed Athens? J
    Ancient Greek Democracy: Readings and Sources Edited by Eric W. Robinson Copyright © 2004 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd The Beginnings of the Athenian Democracv: Who Freed Athens? J Introduction Though the very earliest democracies lildy took shape elsewhere in Greece, Athens embraced it relatively early and would ultimately become the most famous and powerful democracy the ancient world ever hew. Democracy is usually thought to have taken hold among the Athenians with the constitutional reforms of Cleisthenes, ca. 508/7 BC. The tyrant Peisistratus and later his sons had ruled Athens for decades before they were overthrown; Cleisthenes, rallying the people to his cause, made sweeping changes. These included the creation of a representative council (bode)chosen from among the citizens, new public organizations that more closely tied citizens throughout Attica to the Athenian state, and the populist ostracism law that enabled citizens to exile danger- ous or undesirable politicians by vote. Beginning with these measures, and for the next two centuries or so with only the briefest of interruptions, democracy held sway at Athens. Such is the most common interpretation. But there is, in fact, much room for disagree- ment about when and how democracy came to Athens. Ancient authors sometimes refer to Solon, a lawgiver and mediator of the early sixth century, as the founder of the Athenian constitution. It was also a popular belief among the Athenians that two famous “tyrant-slayers,” Harmodius and Aristogeiton, inaugurated Athenian freedom by assas- sinating one of the sons of Peisistratus a few years before Cleisthenes’ reforms - though ancient writers take pains to point out that only the military intervention of Sparta truly ended the tyranny.
    [Show full text]
  • Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs the Ptolemaic Family In
    Department of World Cultures University of Helsinki Helsinki Macedonian Kings, Egyptian Pharaohs The Ptolemaic Family in the Encomiastic Poems of Callimachus Iiro Laukola ACADEMIC DISSERTATION To be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XV, University Main Building, on the 23rd of September, 2016 at 12 o’clock. Helsinki 2016 © Iiro Laukola 2016 ISBN 978-951-51-2383-1 (paperback.) ISBN 978-951-51-2384-8 (PDF) Unigrafia Helsinki 2016 Abstract The interaction between Greek and Egyptian cultural concepts has been an intense yet controversial topic in studies about Ptolemaic Egypt. The present study partakes in this discussion with an analysis of the encomiastic poems of Callimachus of Cyrene (c. 305 – c. 240 BC). The success of the Ptolemaic Dynasty is crystallized in the juxtaposing of the different roles of a Greek ǴdzȅǻǽǷȏȄ and of an Egyptian Pharaoh, and this study gives a glimpse of this political and ideological endeavour through the poetry of Callimachus. The contribution of the present work is to situate Callimachus in the core of the Ptolemaic court. Callimachus was a proponent of the Ptolemaic rule. By reappraising the traditional Greek beliefs, he examined the bicultural rule of the Ptolemies in his encomiastic poems. This work critically examines six Callimachean hymns, namely to Zeus, to Apollo, to Artemis, to Delos, to Athena and to Demeter together with the Victory of Berenice, the Lock of Berenice and the Ektheosis of Arsinoe. Characterized by ambiguous imagery, the hymns inspect the ruptures in Greek thought during the Hellenistic age.
    [Show full text]
  • CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE Astruc, Jean - Azzur by James Strong & John Mcclintock
    THE AGES DIGITAL LIBRARY REFERENCE CYCLOPEDIA of BIBLICAL, THEOLOGICAL and ECCLESIASTICAL LITERATURE Astruc, Jean - Azzur by James Strong & John McClintock To the Students of the Words, Works and Ways of God: Welcome to the AGES Digital Library. We trust your experience with this and other volumes in the Library fulfills our motto and vision which is our commitment to you: MAKING THE WORDS OF THE WISE AVAILABLE TO ALL — INEXPENSIVELY. AGES Software Rio, WI USA Version 1.0 © 2000 2 Astruc, Jean an eminent French physician, was born at Sauve, in Languedoc, March 19, 1684. His father was a Protestant minister, who, on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, became a Roman Catholic. The son studied in the University of Montpellier, and became M.D. in 1703. In 1710 he was made professor of anatomy and medicine in Toulouse; and he was called to Montpellier in 1715, where he remained until 1728. In 1731 he was appointed professor of medicine in the College of France, and he remained in Paris until his death, May 5, 1766. In his profession Astruc was very eminent as teacher, practitioner, and writer; but he is entitled to a place here from a work published in 1753, entitled Conjectures sur les Memoires originaux dont il parait que Moise s’est servi pour conmposer le livre da la Genese (Bruxelles and Paris, 1753, 12mo), in which he started for the first time the theory now so prevalent, that the fact that Moses compiled Genesis, in part at least, from pre-existing documents, is shown by the distinction in the use of the two names Elohim and Jehovah in the different parts of the book.
    [Show full text]
  • The Holy See
    The Holy See BENEDICT XVI GENERAL AUDIENCE Paul VI Audience Hall Wednesday, 27 August 2008 Saint Paul (2) Life of Saint Paul before and after Damascus. Dear Brothers and Sisters, In the last Catechesis before the holidays - two months ago, at the beginning of July - I began a new series of topics on the occasion of the Pauline Year, examining the world in which St Paul lived. Today I would like to resume and continue the reflection on the Apostle to the Gentiles, presenting a brief biography of him. Since we shall be dedicating next Wednesday to the extraordinary event that occurred on the road to Damascus, Paul's conversion, a fundamental turning point in his life subsequent to his encounter with Christ, let us briefly pause today on his life as a whole. We find Paul's biographical details respectively in the Letter to Philemon, in which he says he is "an old man" (Phlm 9: presbytes) and in the Acts of the Apostles in which, at the time of the stoning of Stephen, he is described as "a young man" (7: 58: neanías). Both these expressions are obviously generic but, according to ancient calculations, a man of about 30 was described as "young" whereas he would be called "old" by the time he had reached the age of about 60. The date of Paul's birth depends largely on the dating of the Letter to Philemon. He is traditionally supposed to have written it during his imprisonment in Rome in the mid-60s. Paul would have been born in approximately the year 8.
    [Show full text]
  • The Athenian Agora
    Excavations of the Athenian Agora Picture Book No. 12 Prepared by Dorothy Burr Thompson Produced by The Stinehour Press, Lunenburg, Vermont American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 1993 ISBN 87661-635-x EXCAVATIONS OF THE ATHENIAN AGORA PICTURE BOOKS I. Pots and Pans of Classical Athens (1959) 2. The Stoa ofAttalos II in Athens (revised 1992) 3. Miniature Sculpturefrom the Athenian Agora (1959) 4. The Athenian Citizen (revised 1987) 5. Ancient Portraitsfrom the Athenian Agora (1963) 6. Amphoras and the Ancient Wine Trade (revised 1979) 7. The Middle Ages in the Athenian Agora (1961) 8. Garden Lore of Ancient Athens (1963) 9. Lampsfrom the Athenian Agora (1964) 10. Inscriptionsfrom the Athenian Agora (1966) I I. Waterworks in the Athenian Agora (1968) 12. An Ancient Shopping Center: The Athenian Agora (revised 1993) I 3. Early Burialsfrom the Agora Cemeteries (I 973) 14. Graffiti in the Athenian Agora (revised 1988) I 5. Greek and Roman Coins in the Athenian Agora (1975) 16. The Athenian Agora: A Short Guide (revised 1986) French, German, and Greek editions 17. Socrates in the Agora (1978) 18. Mediaeval and Modern Coins in the Athenian Agora (1978) 19. Gods and Heroes in the Athenian Agora (1980) 20. Bronzeworkers in the Athenian Agora (1982) 21. Ancient Athenian Building Methods (1984) 22. Birds ofthe Athenian Agora (1985) These booklets are obtainable from the American School of Classical Studies at Athens c/o Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J. 08540, U.S.A They are also available in the Agora Museum, Stoa of Attalos, Athens Cover: Slaves carrying a Spitted Cake from Market.
    [Show full text]
  • Hedging Our Bets” a Sermon by Judy E
    FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 305 EAST MAIN STREET DURHAM, NC 27701 PHONE: (919) 682-5511 “Hedging Our Bets” A sermon by Judy E. Pidcock April 27, 2008 Acts 17:22-31 It is spring and the welcome April showers have brought us green grass and budding trees. But the real sign of spring in the Triangle, I have come to believe, is the flurry of school assignment letters that come through the mail. We live in Raleigh and our sons attend Wake County Schools, which means that we have just come through the season of school assignments, which began in February. Maybe you have, too. For some of us, this is a season more dreaded than pollen and more anticipated than flowers. Futures dangle in mid-air while the process unfolds. Don’t get me wrong: we love our schools and we wholeheartedly support the priorities of our school district, but my heart does beat a little faster when school assignment materials come home in the backpacks. Those papers command the respect usually reserved for tax returns and W-2 forms. After four years of careful observation I see that there are strategies for getting through this season of school assignments. What they all amount to is called “hedging our bets.” We’re trying to spread out the risk, make some commitments but no lasting commitments, until all options are on the table. Then we’ll assess the benefits, liabilities and risks. One mother recently explained their highly-developed approach to the middle school assignment: “We’ve entered the lotteries for three charter schools, applied on-line for two magnet middle schools but not the magnet school that his magnet elementary school feeds into, toured his base school and one private school and then applied for a year-round middle, which we’ll only take if he gets track one or track four - but those are the tracks that everyone wants so we’ll probably only get offered track two or three - which we wouldn’t take.” I am breathless just listening to this roll-out of plans, but I understand every impulse behind every move, because we’ve done it ourselves.
    [Show full text]
  • Athena from a House on the Areopagus
    ATHENA FROM A HOUSE ON THE AREOPAGUS (PLATES 107-112) E XCAVATIONS in 1970 and 1971 in the Athenian Agora revealed a remarkablecol- lection of sculpture from one of the largest of the late Roman houses on the slopes of the Areopagus.1This house, now called House C, was built in the 4th century after Christ with a spaciousplan includingtwo peristylecourts, and it was filled with Greek and Roman marble sculpturesof exceptional quality.2Two significantworks from the house have been I It is a pleasure to acknowledgethe cooperationof H. A. Thompson, T. L. Shear,Jr., and J. McK. Camp II of the Agora Excavationsand Museum, M. Brouskariof the AkropolisMuseum, N. Peppa-Delmouzouof the Epigraphical Museum, and K. Krystalli-Votsi of the National ArchaeologicalMuseum in Athens for allowing me to study and photograph the sculptures included here. I am especially grateful to Evelyn B. Harrison for her continuing encouragementand for permission to publish the Agora material, and to the AmericanSchool of Classical Studies at Athens for its friendly assistance. Works frequentlycited are abbreviatedas follows: Bieber, Copies = M. Bieber, Ancient Copies: Contributionsto the History of Greek and Roman Art, New York 1977 Boardman,GSCP = J. Boardman,Greek Sculpture: The ClassicalPeriod, New York 1985 Karouzou = S. Karouzou, National ArchaeologicalMuseum: Collection of Sculpture. A Cata- logue, Athens 1968 Lawton = C. L. Lawton, Attic Document Reliefs of the Classicaland Hellenistic Periods, diss. PrincetonUniversity, 1984 Leipen = N. Leipen, Athena Parthenos:A Reconstruction,Toronto 1971 Meyer = M. Meyer, Die griechischen Urkundenreliefs,AM Beiheft 13, Berlin 1989 Richter, SSG4 = G. M. A. Richter, The Sculptureand Sculptorsof the Greeks,4th ed., New Haven 1970 Ridgway, FCS = B.
    [Show full text]
  • Paul's Speech Before the Areopagus and the Evangel for Today
    MINISTRY EVANGEL Autumn 1992 69 THE GOSPEL FROM ATHENS: PAUL'S SPEECH BEFORE THE AREOPAGUS AND THE EVANGEL FOR TODAY John Proctor This article illustrates the way the apostles contextualised their messages. Paul's address to the Areopagus court in Athens the perceptions and preconceptions of contemporary (Acts 17:22-34) represents a carefully targetted and Britain. thoughtful presentation of the Christian message to a particular audience in a unique setting. In a centre 1. Religion of the Greek Gods outstanding for the visible expression-in art and architecture--of Greek religion, Paul engages with 'The city was full of idols' (16). 'Men of Athens. the folk-belief, the popular religious perceptions, of you are very religious. For as I passed along, and the day and the place. Among an audience versed in observed the objects of your worship, I found also an philosophical thought and learning, he interacts with altar with this inscription, "To an unknown god." , their intellectual perspectives and their outlook on (22f) Athens was splendidly endowed with buildings the ultimate issues of life. He takes on their world­ and statues to the pagan deities of Greece, which view, and meets it with the Christian proclamation­ from an aesthetic perspective were (and are) rated as or, more particularly, with selected elements of the objects of merit and magnificence, 'among the artistic Christian message, chosen because they address the masterpieces of the world'. 2 Although the religion of need of the situation. He speaks in a way that both the ancient deities had declined somewhat under the latches onto and challenges the way his hearers have influence of philosophy, and had been replaced by been accustomed to look at life.
    [Show full text]
  • THE UNKNOWN GOD “Then Paul Stood in the Midst of Mars’ Hill, and Said, ‘Ye Men of Athens, I Perceive That in All Things Ye Are Too Superstitious
    Fall 2018 Newsletter Detroit Bible Students Ecclesia P.O. Box 51, Southfield, MI 48037-0051 biblenewsletter.org THE UNKNOWN GOD “Then Paul stood in the midst of Mars’ hill, and said, ‘Ye men of Athens, I perceive that in all things ye are too superstitious. For as I passed by and beheld your devotions, I found an altar with this inscription, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom, therefore, ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you.’” Acts 17:22,23 The title “The Unknown God” comes from an experience of and Roman in little but their names. Ancient Egypt’s gods the Apostle Paul’s in the city of Athens. It is recorded in the are seen on the murals in the burial tombs of the great. book of Acts, chapter 17. Paul had been hounded out of Hinduism recognizes and worships many gods to this day. the city of Thessalonica by Jews who objected to his In fact, all ancient societies had a multiplicity of gods except preaching the resurrection of Jesus. He was sent to Berea one—the Hebrews. For them “Hear, O Israel! The LORD is by the brethren, but the Jews, learning that he was there, our God, the LORD is one!” (Deuteronomy 6:4, New stirred up trouble and forced him to leave there as well. The American Standard Version) was the rule of life in ancient brethren took Paul to Athens where he waited for Timothy times, and still is. and Silas to come to him Paul spent his waiting time preaching in the marketplaces As he waited he observed that Athens was wholly given to where he was heard by certain Stoics and Epicureans.
    [Show full text]
  • Introducing the Unknown God -- Acts 17:16-34
    Catalog No. 1307–31 Central Peninsula Church Acts 17:16–34 Mark Mitchell Introducing the Unknown God December 9, 2007 ......................................................................................................................................... SERIES: Acts: The Rest of the Story One of the ironies of our secular age is that as grand structures like the Parthenon and Acropolis. They we’ve tried to remove God from our lives we’ve become a became the first example of democracy in human history. nation of idolators. Idolatry is not something reserved for They produced amazing literature. Athens was a center ignorant religious people who worship something they’ve of philosophical learning led by Socrates and Plato. It carved with their own hands. Consider the role that sports was an age of art: Praxiteles developed the classical form plays in our culture. For many people it looks a lot like a of human sculpture, later imitated by Michelangelo. religion. It has temples, called stadiums. It has costumes, By the time Paul got to Athens it was a shadow of which we call uniforms. It has services, which we call its former glory But it was still a center of intellectual games. It has worship music, which we call chants and excellence and an impressive sight. Remember Paul left cheers. It has high priests, called star athletes. And it has Berea by night and sailed all the way to Athens where he piety, which we call fan loyalty. Sounds like a religion to would wait for the arrival of Silas and Timothy. It’s like me. Paul had some time to kill in Athens and what a great But maybe sports isn’t your thing.
    [Show full text]
  • The Pedimental Sculpture of the Hephaisteion
    THE PEDIMENTALSCULPTURE OF THE HEPHAISTEION (PLATES 48-64) INTRODUCTION T HE TEMPLE of Hephaistos, although the best-preserved ancient building in Athens and the one most accessible to scholars, has kept its secrets longer than any other. It is barely ten years since general agreement was reached on the name of the presiding deity. Only in 1939 was the evidence discovered for the restora- tion of an interior colonnade whicli at once tremendously enriched our conception of the temple. Not until the appearance of Dinsmoor's study in 1941 did we have a firm basis for assessing either its relative or absolute chronology.' The most persistent major uncertainty about the temple has concerned its pedi- mental sculpture. Almost two centuries ago (1751-55), James Stuart had inferred 1 The general bibliography on the Hephaisteion was conveniently assembled by Dinsmoor in Hesperia, Supplement V, Observations on the Hephaisteion, pp. 1 f., and the references to the sculpture loc. cit., pp. 150 f. On the sculpture add Olsen, A.J.A., XLII, 1938, pp. 276-287 and Picard, Mamtel d'Archeologie grecque, La Sculpture, II, 1939, pp. 714-732. The article by Giorgio Gullini, " L'Hephaisteion di Atene" (Archeologia Classica, Rivista dell'Istituto di Archeologia della Universita di Roma, I, 1949, pp. 11-38), came into my hands after my MS had gone to press. I note many points of difference in our interpretation of the sculptural history of the temple, but I find no reason to alter the views recorded below. Two points of fact in Gullini's article do, however, call for comment.
    [Show full text]